Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Composition

word

Meaning

Counter

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese suffix 'つ (tsu)' is a traditional counter used for counting objects, items, or things in general. It is one of the most versatile counters in Japanese and can be used when the specific counter for an item is unknown or when counting abstract or miscellaneous items. It is typically used for numbers 1 through 9, after which other counters or generic terms are used. For example: one thing「一つ」(ひとつ), two things「二つ」(ふたつ), three things「三つ」(みっつ). Note that this counter is informal and often replaced by more specific counters in formal contexts. Example sentences: I have three apples「りんごを三つ持っています」(りんごをみっつもっています). There are five books on the table「テーブルの上に本が五つあります」(テーブルのうえにほんがいつつあります).

Part Of Speech

suffix

Frequency

22

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

That

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese determiner 'その (その)' means 'that'. It is used to indicate something that is close to the listener or something that has already been mentioned in the conversation. It is often used to refer to specific objects, people, or ideas. For example: that book is interesting「その本は面白い」(そのほんはおもしろい). I want to eat that cake「そのケーキを食べたい」(そのケーキをたべたい). 'その' is typically followed by a noun, as in 'その人 (そのひと) (that person)' or 'その時 (そのとき) (that time)'. It is important to note that 'その' is used for things that are not close to the speaker but are close to the listener or have been previously mentioned.

Part Of Speech

determiner

Frequency

43

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

That

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun 'それ (それ)' means 'that'. It is used to refer to something that is close to the listener but not the speaker. It is often used in conversations to point out objects or ideas that have been previously mentioned or are within the listener's vicinity. For example: That is my book「それは私の本です」(それはわたしのほんです). I want that「それが欲しい」(それがほしい). It is important to note that 'それ' is used for objects that are neither too close to the speaker nor too far from both the speaker and the listener, making it a middle-distance demonstrative pronoun.

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Frequency

44

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

This

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese determiner 'この (この)' means 'this'. It is used to indicate something close to the speaker, either physically or conceptually. It is always followed by a noun and cannot stand alone. For example: this book is interesting「この本は面白い」(このほんはおもしろい). This person is my friend「この人は私の友達です」(このひとはわたしのともだちです). Unlike English, 'この' does not change form based on the noun it modifies. It is important to note that 'この' is used for things that are close to the speaker, while 'その (その)' is used for things close to the listener, and 'あの (あの)' for things distant from both.

Part Of Speech

determiner

Frequency

45

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

This

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun 'これ (これ)' means 'this'. It is used to refer to something that is close to the speaker, either physically or in terms of relevance. 'これ' is often used when the object is within the speaker's immediate vicinity or when the speaker is holding the object. For example: This is my book「これは私の本です」(これはわたしのほんです). What is this?「これは何ですか？」(これはなんですか？). It is important to note that 'これ' is used for objects, not for people. For people, the pronoun 'この人 (このひと)' or 'この方 (このかた)' would be more appropriate.

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Frequency

46

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mr, Ms

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese suffix 'さん (san)' is a polite and commonly used honorific title added to a person's name or title to show respect. It is gender-neutral and can be used for both men and women. It is appropriate in most social situations, whether formal or informal. For example: Mr. Tanaka「田中さん」(たなかさん). Ms. Yamada「山田さん」(やまださん). It can also be used with occupations, such as 'teacher' (先生, せんせい) becoming 'teacher-san' (先生さん, せんせいさん). However, it is not used with one's own name or when referring to oneself. The nuance of 'さん' conveys politeness and social distance, making it a safe choice in most interactions.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Frequency

71

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

So, Like that

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'そう (そう)' can mean 'so' or 'like that'. It is often used to indicate agreement, confirmation, or to describe something in a particular way. For example: Is that so?「そうですか？」(そうですか？). It looks like that「そう見える」(そうみえる). This adverb is versatile and can be used in various contexts to express similarity, manner, or degree. It's important to note that 'そう' can also be used in combination with other words to form phrases like 'そうだ (そうだ)' meaning 'that's right' or 'そういう (そういう)' meaning 'that kind of'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

72

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

How

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'どう' means 'how'. It is commonly used to ask about the manner, condition, or state of something. It can also be used to inquire about someone's opinion or feelings. For example: How is it?「どう？」(どう？). How do you do this?「これをどうやるの？」(これをどうやるの？). How are you feeling?「気分はどう？」(きぶんはどう？). The word 'どう' is versatile and can be used in various contexts to ask about methods, conditions, or opinions.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

82

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Degree

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese suffix 'さ (sa)' is used to turn adjectives into nouns, indicating the degree or extent of the adjective's quality. It is often used to express how much of a certain quality something has. For example: the height of the mountain「山の高さ」(やまのたかさ). The depth of the ocean「海の深さ」(うみのふかさ). This suffix is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese to quantify or emphasize the intensity of a characteristic.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Frequency

100

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

And

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese conjunction 'そして (soshite)' is used to connect sentences or clauses, similar to the English word 'and'. It indicates a sequence of events or addition of information. It is often used in both written and spoken Japanese to smoothly transition between ideas. For example: I woke up, and then I ate breakfast「私は起きました、そして朝ごはんを食べました」(わたしはおきました、そしてあさごはんをたべました). She studied hard, and then she passed the exam「彼女は一生懸命勉強しました、そして試験に合格しました」(かのじょはいっしょうけんめいべんきょうしました、そしてしけんにごうかくしました). Note that 'そして' is more formal than 'それから' and is typically used in written language or formal speech.

Part Of Speech

conjunction

Frequency

121

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Already, More

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'もう (もう)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'already', indicating that something has occurred or been completed by a certain time. For example: I have already eaten「もう食べました」(もうたべました). The second meaning is 'more', often used to express an additional amount or degree. For example: I want more「もう欲しい」(もうほしい). The context in which 'もう' is used can significantly alter its meaning, so it's important to pay attention to the surrounding words and the overall situation. Additionally, 'もう' can be used to express impatience or urgency, as in 'もういいですか？' (もういいですか？) meaning 'Is it ready yet?' or 'Can we start now?'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

124

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

There

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun 'そこ (soko)' means 'there'. It refers to a location that is near the listener but not near the speaker. It is commonly used to indicate a place that is relatively close to the person being spoken to. For example: Is the book there?「本はそこにありますか？」(ほんはそこにありますか？). Please put it there「そこに置いてください」(そこにおいてください). 'そこ' can also be used metaphorically to refer to a point in a conversation or situation, such as 'そこが問題です' (そこがもんだいです) meaning 'That is the problem.'

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Frequency

125

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Here

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun 'ここ (koko)' means 'here'. It is used to indicate a specific location that is close to the speaker. This word is often used in everyday conversations to point out places or to describe where something is located. For example: The book is here「本はここです」(ほんはここです). Let's meet here「ここで会いましょう」(ここであいましょう). It's important to note that 'ここ' is used when the location is near the speaker, while 'そこ (soko)' is used for locations near the listener, and 'あそこ (asoko)' for locations far from both.

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Frequency

126

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Put

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'おく (oku)' primarily means 'to put' or 'to place'. It is used to describe the action of placing something in a specific location. This verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as placing objects, arranging items, or even setting something aside for later use. For example: I put the book on the table「本をテーブルに置く」(ほんをテーブルにおく). She placed the flowers in the vase「花を花瓶に置いた」(はなをかびんにおいた). Additionally, 'おく' can be used in compound verbs to indicate doing something in advance, such as '準備しておく (じゅんびしておく)' meaning 'to prepare in advance'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

138

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Like this

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'こう (こう)' means 'like this' or 'in this way'. It is used to indicate a manner, method, or state that is being demonstrated or referred to. It is often used in conjunction with gestures or explanations to clarify how something is done or how something is. For example: Do it like this「こうやって」(こうやって). I feel like this「こう感じる」(こうかんじる). The adverb 'こう' is versatile and can be used in various contexts to describe actions, feelings, or states in a demonstrative manner.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

144

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Such

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese determiner 'そんな (そんな)' is used to indicate something of a certain kind or degree, often with a nuance of surprise, disbelief, or emphasis. It is commonly used in casual conversation and can modify nouns directly. For example: I didn't know such a thing existed「そんなものがあるなんて知らなかった」(そんなものがあるなんてしらなかった). Why would you say such a thing?「そんなこと言うの？」(そんなこというの？). It can also be used in expressions like 'そんなに (そんなに)' to mean 'so much' or 'to such an extent', as in 'I didn't know it was so expensive'「そんなに高いとは知らなかった」(そんなにたかいとはしらなかった).

Part Of Speech

determiner

Frequency

151

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

As it is

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'まま (mama)' means 'as it is' or 'in its current state'. It is used to describe something remaining unchanged or being left in its original condition. This word often conveys a sense of continuity or lack of alteration. For example: leave it as it is「そのままにしておいて」(そのままにしておいて). She ate the cake as it was「彼女はケーキをそのまま食べた」(かのじょはケーキをそのままたべた). It can also imply a natural or unforced state, as in 'let things take their course'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

166

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Receive

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'もらう (morau)' means 'to receive' or 'to get something from someone'. It is often used to express receiving a favor, gift, or help from another person. The giver is typically marked with the particle 'から (kara)' or 'に (ni)'. For example: I received a book from my friend「友達から本をもらった」(ともだちからほんをもらった). She got help from her teacher「先生に助けてもらった」(せんせいにたすけてもらった). Note that 'もらう' often implies gratitude or appreciation for the act of receiving. It can also be used in a more casual sense, such as receiving permission or advice.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

169

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Everyone

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'みんな' means 'everyone' or 'all'. It is a casual and commonly used term to refer to a group of people collectively. It can be used in both formal and informal contexts, though it is more frequently used in everyday conversation. For example: Everyone is here「みんながここにいる」(みんながここにいる). Let's all do our best「みんなで頑張ろう」(みんなでがんばろう). Note that 'みんな' can also sometimes imply inclusivity or a sense of togetherness, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

193

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Always

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'いつも (itsumo)' means 'always'. It is used to indicate that something happens all the time, without exception, or that something is in a constant state. This word can be used in various contexts, such as daily routines, habits, or general truths. For example: I always eat breakfast「私はいつも朝ごはんを食べる」(わたしはいつもあさごはんをたべる). He is always kind「彼はいつも親切だ」(かれはいつもしんせつだ). Note that 'いつも' can also imply a sense of continuity or consistency, and it is often used to express something that is habitual or expected.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

201

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Typical

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese suffix 'らしい (rashii)' is used to indicate that something or someone is typical, characteristic, or representative of a certain quality or role. It conveys the idea that the subject embodies the expected traits or behaviors associated with it. For example: she is a typical teacher「彼女は先生らしい」(かのじょはせんせいらしい). This is a typical Japanese dish「これは日本らしい料理だ」(これはにほんらしいりょうりだ). The suffix can also imply hearsay or conjecture, but in this context, it primarily emphasizes the typical nature of the subject.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Frequency

228

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Which

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'どれ' means 'which'. It is used to ask about or refer to one item among a group of similar items. It is often used in questions to inquire about a specific choice or option. For example: Which one is yours?「どれがあなたのですか？」(どれがあなたのですか). Which book do you want?「どれの本が欲しいですか？」(どれのほんがほしいですか). Note that 'どれ' is typically used when the options are visible or implied in the context, and it is often accompanied by a gesture or reference to the items in question.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

232

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expectation

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'はず (hazu)' refers to an expectation or assumption about something that is supposed to be true or likely to happen. It conveys a sense of logical reasoning or natural consequence. For example: He should be here by now「彼はもうここにいるはずだ」(かれはもうここにいるはずだ). This should work「これは動くはずだ」(これはうごくはずだ). It is often used to express confidence in a prediction or belief based on available information. Note that 'はず' is not used for personal desires or hopes, but rather for logical expectations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

238

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

This

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese determiner 'こんな (こんな)' is used to indicate something close to the speaker in a demonstrative sense, often implying a certain quality or type. It is typically used to describe something in a way that emphasizes its nature or characteristics. For example: I don't like this kind of weather「こんな天気は嫌だ」(こんなてんきはいやだ). This kind of food is delicious「こんな食べ物は美味しい」(こんなたべものはおいしい). It is important to note that 'こんな' is often used to express a sense of surprise or emphasis about the nature of something, rather than just pointing out its physical proximity.

Part Of Speech

determiner

Frequency

244

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Why

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'どうして (どうして)' is commonly used to ask 'why' or to express surprise or confusion about something. It is a versatile word that can be used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: Why are you late?「どうして遅れたの？」(どうしておくれたの？). Why did you do that?「どうしてそんなことをしたの？」(どうしてそんなことをしたの？). It can also be used to express a sense of wonder or disbelief, as in 'Why is the sky blue?「どうして空は青いの？」(どうしてそらはあおいの？)'. The word 'どうして' is often used in conjunction with other question words, such as 'どうやって (how)' or 'どこで (where)', to form more complex questions.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

278

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

What

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun 'どんな (donna)' is used to ask about the nature, type, or characteristics of something. It translates to 'what kind of' or 'what sort of' in English. It is often used in questions to inquire about the qualities or features of a person, thing, or situation. For example: What kind of person is he?「彼はどんな人ですか？」(かれはどんなひとですか？). What kind of food do you like?「どんな食べ物が好きですか？」(どんなたべものがすきですか？). Note that 'どんな' is typically followed by a noun, and it is used to seek descriptive information rather than specific details.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Frequency

298

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exist

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese determiner 'ある (aru)' is used to indicate the existence of something inanimate or abstract. It is often translated as 'a' or 'some' in English, but its usage is more specific to indicating that something exists or is present. For example: There is a book on the table「テーブルの上に本がある」(テーブルのうえにほんがある). There is some water in the glass「グラスの中に水がある」(グラスのなかにみずがある). It is important to note that 'ある' is used for inanimate objects or abstract concepts, while 'いる (iru)' is used for animate objects like people or animals.

Part Of Speech

determiner

Frequency

315

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Like

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun 'みたい (mitai)' is used to express similarity or resemblance, often translated as 'like' or 'as if'. It is commonly used in casual speech to describe something that appears to be a certain way or resembles something else. For example: She looks like a teacher「彼女は先生みたい」(かのじょはせんせいみたい). It seems like it's going to rain「雨が降りそうみたい」(あめがふりそうみたい). Note that 'みたい' can follow nouns, verbs, and adjectives, making it versatile in usage. It is less formal than 'よう (you)' but widely used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Frequency

322

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

That

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'あれ' refers to something that is distant from both the speaker and the listener, often translated as 'that' in English. It is used to indicate objects, situations, or ideas that are not close to either party in the conversation. 'あれ' is part of the Japanese demonstrative system, which includes 'これ' (this, close to the speaker), 'それ' (that, close to the listener), and 'あれ' (that, far from both). Example sentences: What is that?「あれは何ですか？」(あれはなんですか？). That over there is my house「あれが私の家です」(あれがわたしのいえです). Note that 'あれ' can also be used in casual conversation to refer to something the speaker cannot immediately recall or name, similar to saying 'that thing' in English.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

327

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Or

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese conjunction 'あるいは' is used to present alternatives or possibilities, similar to the English word 'or'. It is often used in formal or written contexts to indicate a choice between two options or to suggest an alternative idea. For example: You can choose tea or coffee「あるいは紅茶、あるいはコーヒーを選べます」(あるいはこうちゃ、あるいはコーヒーをえらべます). It can also be used to introduce a hypothetical scenario: Perhaps it will rain, or maybe it will snow「あるいは雨が降るかもしれない、あるいは雪が降るかもしれない」(あるいはあめがふるかもしれない、あるいはゆきがふるかもしれない). Note that 'あるいは' is more formal than 'または' or 'か', which are also used to mean 'or'.

Part Of Speech

conjunction

Frequency

328

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Of course

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'もちろん (もちろん)' means 'of course' or 'naturally'. It is used to express something that is obvious, expected, or goes without saying. This word is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to affirm a statement or answer a question. For example: Of course, I will help you「もちろん、手伝いますよ」(もちろん、てつだいますよ). Of course, it's true「もちろん、本当です」(もちろん、ほんとうです). The word 'もちろん' is often used at the beginning of a sentence to emphasize agreement or certainty.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

346

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Noodles, Buckwheat

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'そば' primarily refers to 'buckwheat', a type of grain, and by extension, it also refers to 'noodles' made from buckwheat flour. These noodles are a staple in Japanese cuisine and are often served either chilled with a dipping sauce or in a hot broth as a soup. Example sentences include: I ate buckwheat noodles for lunch「昼ご飯にそばを食べた」(ひるごはんにそばをたべた). This restaurant serves delicious soba「この店は美味しいそばを出す」(このみせはおいしいそばをだす). Note that 'そば' can also mean 'nearby' or 'beside' in different contexts, but this is a homophone and not related to the food meaning.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

348

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Affectionate

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese suffix 'ちゃん (chan)' is an affectionate and informal honorific used to express endearment, closeness, or familiarity. It is commonly attached to names, particularly for children, close friends, pets, or loved ones. For example: my little sister「妹ちゃん」(いもうとちゃん). This suffix conveys warmth and tenderness, and it is often used in casual or intimate settings. Note that it is not appropriate in formal contexts or when addressing superiors. Another example: cute puppy「ワンちゃん」(わんちゃん).

Part Of Speech

suffix

Frequency

351

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

This

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun 'こっち (kotchi)' is an informal way to say 'this way' or 'this side'. It is often used in casual conversation to refer to a direction, location, or choice that is closer to the speaker. It can also imply a preference or choice. For example: come over here「こっちに来て」(こっちにきて). I prefer this one「こっちの方がいい」(こっちのほうがいい). Note that 'こっち' is a colloquial form of 'こちら (kochira)', which is more polite and formal.

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Frequency

356

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

There

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun 'あそこ (asoko)' means 'there' and refers to a place that is distant from both the speaker and the listener. It is used to indicate a location that is not close to either party in the conversation. For example: The bookstore is over there「本屋はあそこです」(ほんやはあそこです). I left my bag there「かばんをあそこに置いた」(かばんをあそこにおいた). 'あそこ' is often used when pointing out a place that is visible but not within immediate reach. It is important to note that 'あそこ' is more specific than 'そこ (soko)', which refers to a place near the listener but not the speaker.

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Frequency

378

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Than, From

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'より (yori)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'than', used in comparisons to indicate that one thing exceeds another in some quality. For example: This book is more interesting than that one「この本はあの本より面白い」(このほんはあのほんよりおもしろい). The second meaning is 'from', indicating a starting point in time or space. For example: I will work from tomorrow「明日より働きます」(あしたよりはたらきます). It's important to note that 'より' is often used in formal or written contexts, and in casual speech, alternatives like 'から' might be used for the 'from' meaning.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

397

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mostly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ほとんど (ほとんど)' means 'mostly' or 'almost all'. It is used to indicate that something applies to the majority or nearly all of a group or situation. It can also imply that something is close to being complete or fully realized. For example: I mostly understand Japanese「ほとんど日本語がわかります」(ほとんどにほんごがわかります). Almost all the students passed the exam「ほとんど学生が試験に合格しました」(ほとんどがくせいがしけんにごうかくしました). Note that 'ほとんど' can also be used in negative sentences to mean 'hardly' or 'scarcely', as in 'I hardly slept last night「ほとんど寝ませんでした」(ほとんどねませんでした)'. This nuance is important as it changes the meaning significantly depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

432

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Very

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'とても' means 'very'. It is used to emphasize the degree or intensity of an adjective or another adverb. It is a common and versatile word in Japanese, often used in both casual and formal contexts. For example: This cake is very delicious「このケーキはとてもおいしい」(このケーキはとてもおいしい). She runs very fast「彼女はとても速く走る」(かのじょはとてもはやくはしる). Note that 'とても' can also be used in negative sentences to mean 'not very' or 'not at all', as in 'I am not very good at math「私は数学がとても得意ではない」(わたしはすうがくがとてもとくいではない)'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

450

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

This

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun 'こちら (こちら)' is a polite way to refer to 'this' or 'this one'. It is often used to indicate something close to the speaker, whether it be a person, place, or thing. It can also be used to refer to oneself or one's side in a formal context. For example: This is my friend「こちらは私の友達です」(こちらはわたしのともだちです). This way, please「こちらへどうぞ」(こちらへどうぞ). It is important to note that 'こちら' is more formal and polite than 'これ (これ)', which also means 'this'.

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Frequency

454

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Um

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese interjection 'あの (ano)' is commonly used as a filler word, similar to 'um' or 'uh' in English. It is often used when the speaker is hesitating, thinking, or trying to get someone's attention politely. For example: Um, excuse me...「あの、すみません…」(あの、すみません). Um, what was it again?「あの、なんだっけ？」(あの、なんだっけ？). It can also be used to soften a request or question, making it sound less direct. This interjection is versatile and frequently used in casual and formal conversations alike.

Part Of Speech

interjection

Frequency

460

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

More

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'もっと' means 'more'. It is used to indicate a greater degree or quantity of something. It can be used in various contexts, such as requesting more of something, expressing a desire for more, or comparing quantities. For example: I want more「もっと欲しい」(もっとほしい). Please speak more slowly「もっとゆっくり話してください」(もっとゆっくりはなしてください). It can also be used to encourage someone to do more, as in 'もっと頑張って (もっとがんばって) (try harder)'. Note that 'もっと' is often used with verbs to express an increase in action or state.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

481

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

These

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'これら (これら)' means 'these'. It is used to refer to multiple things that are close to the speaker, either physically or in terms of relevance. 'これら' is a plural demonstrative pronoun, often used to point out or emphasize a group of items or concepts. For example: these books are interesting「これらの本は面白い」(これらのほんはおもしろい). These ideas are important「これらの考えは重要だ」(これらのかんがえはじゅうようだ). Note that 'これら' is more formal than 'これ' and is typically used in written or formal spoken contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

484

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Almost

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ほぼ (hobo)' means 'almost' or 'nearly'. It is used to indicate that something is very close to being complete, accurate, or true, but not entirely. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: I almost finished my homework「ほぼ宿題を終えた」(ほぼしゅくだいをおえた). The project is almost complete「プロジェクトはほぼ完了した」(プロジェクトはほぼかんりょうした). Note that 'ほぼ' can also imply a high degree of approximation, as in 'ほぼ正確 (ほぼせいかく) (almost accurate)'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

506

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

As it is

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'そのまま (そのまま)' means 'as it is' or 'just as it is'. It is used to indicate that something is left unchanged, unaltered, or in the same state as before. This adverb can be used in various contexts, such as leaving things untouched, maintaining the status quo, or continuing an action without modification. For example: Leave it as it is 「そのままにしておいて」 (そのままにしておいて). He went to bed without changing his clothes 「彼はそのまま服を着たまま寝た」 (かれはそのままふくをきたままねた). It can also be used to express continuation, as in 'そのまま続けてください' (そのままつづけてください) (Please continue as it is). Note that 'そのまま' often carries a notion of preservation or lack of interference.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

568

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Delicious, Skilled

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'うまい (うまい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'delicious', used to describe food or drink that tastes very good. For example: this sushi is delicious「この寿司はうまい」(このすしはうまい). The second meaning is 'skilled', referring to someone who is proficient or adept at a particular activity. For example: he is skilled at playing the guitar「彼はギターを弾くのがうまい」(かれはギターをひくのがうまい). The context usually clarifies which meaning is intended, as the first is related to taste and the second to ability. Note that 'うまい' is casual and often used in informal settings.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

624

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clearly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'はっきり (hakkiri)' means 'clearly'. It is used to describe something that is easily understood, visible, or audible. This adverb can be used in various contexts, such as when someone speaks clearly, when something is clearly visible, or when a situation is clearly understood. For example: She speaks clearly「彼女ははっきり話す」(かのじょははっきりはなす). The stars are clearly visible tonight「今夜は星がはっきり見える」(こんやはほしがはっきりみえる). It's important to note that 'はっきり' can also be used to express decisiveness or clarity in decision-making, as in 'はっきりと答える (hakkiri to kotaeru)' which means 'to answer clearly'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

672

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Continuously

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ずっと (ずっと)' means 'continuously' or 'for a long time'. It is used to indicate that something has been happening without interruption or will continue for an extended period. It can also imply a comparison, meaning 'much more' or 'by far' when comparing degrees. For example: I have been waiting continuously「ずっと待っていた」(ずっとまっていた). This book is much more interesting「この本はずっと面白い」(このほんはずっとおもしろい). It's important to note that 'ずっと' can be used in both positive and negative contexts, depending on the sentence.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

674

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Here and there

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'あちこち' refers to various places or locations, often implying movement or distribution across different areas. It is commonly used to describe situations where someone or something is moving around or scattered in multiple places. For example: I looked for my keys here and there「鍵をあちこち探した」(かぎをあちこちさがした). There are flowers blooming here and there「あちこちに花が咲いている」(あちこちにはながさいている). This word can also imply a sense of disorder or randomness in the distribution of things or actions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

728

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Eventually

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'やがて' means 'eventually' or 'before long'. It is used to indicate that something will happen after some time has passed, often with a sense of inevitability. It can also imply a gradual progression towards a certain outcome. For example: He will eventually understand「彼はやがて理解するだろう」(かれはやがてりかいするだろう). The flowers will bloom before long「花はやがて咲くだろう」(はなはやがてさくだろう). Note that 'やがて' carries a slightly poetic or formal tone and is often used in written language or formal speech.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

827

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Happy

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'うれしい (ureshii)' means 'happy' and is used to express joy, delight, or pleasure. It is often used to describe a personal feeling of happiness in response to a specific event or situation. For example: I am happy to hear that「それを聞いてうれしい」(それをきいてうれしい). She was happy to receive a gift「彼女はプレゼントをもらってうれしかった」(かのじょはプレゼントをもらってうれしかった). This word is commonly used in casual and formal contexts alike, and it conveys a sense of genuine emotional uplift. Note that 'うれしい' is typically used for temporary or situational happiness, as opposed to long-term contentment.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

875

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Surprised

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'びっくりする (bikkurisuru)' means 'to be surprised' or 'to get startled'. It is used to express a sudden feeling of surprise or shock, often due to something unexpected. This verb is commonly used in everyday conversation and can describe both positive and negative surprises. For example: I was surprised by the loud noise「大きな音にびっくりした」(おおきなおとにびっくりした). She was surprised to see her old friend「彼女は昔の友達を見てびっくりした」(かのじょはむかしのともだちをみてびっくりした). Note that 'びっくりする' is often used in its past tense form 'びっくりした' to describe a reaction to something that has already happened.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

894

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Once

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'かつて (katsute)' means 'once' or 'formerly'. It is used to refer to a time in the past, often indicating that something was true or happened at some point but is no longer the case. It can also imply a sense of nostalgia or reflection on past events. For example: I once lived in Kyoto「かつて京都に住んでいた」(かつてきょうとにすんでいた). This town was once prosperous「この町はかつて栄えていた」(このまちはかつてさかえていた). The adverb is often used in written or formal contexts to describe historical or personal past events.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

921

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Yes

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese interjection 'はい (はい)' is a polite and formal way to say 'yes'. It is commonly used in various situations to affirm, agree, or acknowledge something. It can also be used to respond to a call or to indicate that one is listening. For example: Yes, I understand「はい、わかりました」(はい、わかりました). Yes, I am here「はい、ここにいます」(はい、ここにいます). It is important to note that 'はい' is more formal than other affirmative responses like 'うん' and is often used in professional or respectful settings.

Part Of Speech

interjection

Frequency

954

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Anytime

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'いつでも (itsudemo)' means 'anytime'. It is used to indicate that something can happen or be done at any moment, without restriction to a specific time. This adverb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as making offers, stating availability, or expressing flexibility. For example: You can call me anytime「いつでも電話してください」(いつでもでんわしてください). I am always ready to help「いつでも手伝う準備ができています」(いつでもてつだうじゅんびができています). The word 'いつでも' is often used in a positive and open-ended manner, emphasizing the lack of time constraints.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

973

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

So called

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese determiner 'いわゆる (iwayuru)' is used to refer to something that is commonly known or referred to in a particular way, often implying that the term or description is widely recognized or conventional. It can be used to introduce a term or concept that is familiar to the listener or reader. For example: the so-called experts「いわゆる専門家」(いわゆるせんもんか). This is the so-called 'Japanese way'「これがいわゆる『日本流』です」(これがいわゆる『にほんりゅう』です). Note that 'いわゆる' is often used to highlight a term or concept that may be subject to interpretation or debate, and it can carry a slightly nuanced or critical tone depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

determiner

Frequency

1036

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rarely

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'めったに (めったに)' means 'rarely' or 'seldom'. It is used to express that something happens infrequently or almost never. This adverb is typically used in negative sentences, often paired with 'ない' or 'ません' to emphasize the rarity of an action or event. For example: I rarely go to the movies「めったに映画を見に行かない」(めったにえいがをみにいかない). He rarely gets angry「彼はめったに怒らない」(かれはめったにおこらない). The word carries a nuance of something being uncommon or unusual, and it is often used to highlight exceptions rather than regular occurrences.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1040

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oh

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese interjection 'あっ' (a-) is a short, sudden exclamation used to express surprise, realization, or a quick reaction to something unexpected. It is often used in casual conversation and can be paired with other expressions to convey different emotions. For example: Oh, I forgot!「あっ、忘れた！」(あっ、わすれた！). Oh, it's you!「あっ、あなただったの！」(あっ、あなただったの！). This interjection is typically brief and can be used in various situations where a quick reaction is needed.

Part Of Speech

interjection

Frequency

1063

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Anyway

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'とにかく (tonikaku)' means 'anyway' or 'in any case'. It is used to indicate that something should be done or considered regardless of other factors or details. It often conveys a sense of urgency or prioritization. For example: Anyway, let's go「とにかく行きましょう」(とにかくいきましょう). I don't know the details, but anyway, it's important「詳細はわからないけど、とにかく大事だ」(しょうさいはわからないけど、とにかくだいじだ). This word can also imply a dismissal of other concerns, as in 'Anyway, let's not worry about that now'「とにかく、今は気にしないでおこう」(とにかく、いまはきにしないでおこう).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1065

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Show

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese suffix 'がる (garu)' is attached to adjectives or adjectival nouns to indicate that someone is showing or displaying a certain feeling or state. It is often used to describe observable behavior or reactions that suggest an emotion or condition. For example: he seems happy「彼は嬉しがっている」(かれはうれしがっている). The child appears scared「その子は怖がっている」(そのこはこわがっている). Note that 'がる' is typically used in the third person to describe others' emotions or states, rather than one's own.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Frequency

1067

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cancer

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'がん (gan)' refers to 'cancer', the disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body. It is commonly used in medical contexts and everyday conversations about health. For example: He was diagnosed with cancer「彼はがんと診断された」(かれはがんとしんだんされた). Early detection of cancer is important「がんの早期発見は重要です」(がんのそうきはっけんはじゅうようです). The word can also appear in compound terms like '胃がん (いがん)' (stomach cancer) or '肺がん (はいがん)' (lung cancer).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1077

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

After all

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'やっぱり' (yappari) is a colloquial form of 'やはり' and is commonly used in casual conversation. It conveys a sense of something being as expected, or reaffirming a previous thought or assumption. It can also express a change of mind back to an original opinion or decision. For example: I thought so, after all「やっぱりそうだと思った」(やっぱりそうだとおもった). I'll have coffee after all「やっぱりコーヒーにする」(やっぱりコーヒーにする). The nuance of 'やっぱり' often includes a slight surprise or realization, even when confirming something that was already suspected.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1097

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Someday

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'いつか (itsuka)' means 'someday' or 'at some point in the future'. It is used to refer to an unspecified time in the future, often with a sense of hope or uncertainty. For example: I will visit Japan someday「いつか日本を訪れます」(いつかにほんをおとずれます). Someday I will understand「いつかわかるでしょう」(いつかわかるでしょう). This word can also imply a sense of inevitability or a vague promise about the future. It is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1135

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Slowly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ゆっくり' means 'slowly'. It is used to describe actions or movements that are performed at a leisurely or unhurried pace. This word can also imply taking one's time or doing something without rushing. For example: Please eat slowly「ゆっくり食べてください」(ゆっくりたべてください). Let's walk slowly「ゆっくり歩きましょう」(ゆっくりあるきましょう). Additionally, 'ゆっくり' can be used to suggest relaxation or taking it easy, as in 'ゆっくり休んでください (ゆっくりやすんでください) (Please rest comfortably).'

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1137

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Just now

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'さっき' refers to an event or action that occurred a short time ago, typically within the recent past, often translated as 'just now' or 'a little while ago'. It is commonly used in casual conversation to refer to something that happened not long before the current moment. For example: I just saw him「さっき彼を見た」(さっきかれをみた). I ate lunch a little while ago「さっき昼ご飯を食べた」(さっきひるごはんをたべた). The nuance of 'さっき' implies that the event is still fresh in the speaker's memory and relevant to the current conversation.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1155

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nod

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'うなずく' means 'to nod'. It is used to describe the action of moving one's head up and down to indicate agreement, understanding, or acknowledgment. This verb is commonly used in conversations to show that someone is listening or agreeing with what is being said. For example: he nodded in agreement「彼は同意してうなずいた」(かれはどういしてうなずいた). She nodded to show she understood「彼女は理解したと示すためにうなずいた」(かのじょはりかいしたとしめすためにうなずいた). The verb can also be used in more formal or serious contexts, such as nodding in respect or solemn acknowledgment.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

1170

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chatting, Talkative

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'おしゃべり (おしゃべり)' has two primary meanings. First, it refers to the act of chatting or casual conversation. For example: we were chatting about the weather「私たちは天気についておしゃべりしていた」(わたしたちはてんきについておしゃべりしていた). Second, it can describe someone who is talkative or chatty. For example: she is very talkative「彼女はとてもおしゃべりだ」(かのじょはとてもおしゃべりだ). The word often carries a lighthearted or informal tone and is commonly used in everyday conversation. It can also imply excessive talking in certain contexts, depending on the nuance.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

1191

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Connect

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'つながる (つながる)' means 'to connect' or 'to be connected'. It is used to describe a physical, emotional, or abstract connection between two or more things. For example: the internet is connected「インターネットがつながっている」(インターネットがつながっている). Our hearts are connected「私たちの心はつながっている」(わたしたちのこころはつながっている). This verb can also imply a sense of continuity or linkage, such as in relationships or communication. For instance: the road connects to the city「その道は街につながっている」(そのみちはまちにつながっている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

1206

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fashionable

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'おしゃれ (おしゃれ)' means 'fashionable' or 'stylish'. It is used to describe someone who pays attention to their appearance, clothing, or overall style. This word often carries a positive connotation and is commonly used in casual conversations. For example: She is very fashionable「彼女はとてもおしゃれです」(かのじょはとてもおしゃれです). This café has a fashionable atmosphere「このカフェはおしゃれな雰囲気です」(このカフェはおしゃれなふんいきです). The term can also be used as a noun to refer to fashion or style itself, as in 'おしゃれが好き (おしゃれがすき) (I like fashion).'

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

1214

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Now

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese conjunction 'さて (さて)' is used to indicate a transition or shift in topic, similar to 'now' or 'well then' in English. It is often used to introduce a new subject, resume a conversation, or move on to the next point. For example: Now, let's begin「さて、始めましょう」(さて、はじめましょう). Well then, what should we do next?「さて、次は何をしましょうか」(さて、つぎはなにをしましょうか). This word is commonly used in both casual and formal settings to smoothly transition between topics or actions.

Part Of Speech

conjunction

Frequency

1244

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Properly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ちゃんと (ちゃんと)' means 'properly' or 'correctly'. It is used to emphasize that something is done in a thorough, orderly, or appropriate manner. It often conveys a sense of responsibility or attention to detail. For example: Please do your homework properly「宿題をちゃんとやりなさい」(しゅくだいをちゃんとやりなさい). He always arrives on time「彼はちゃんと時間に来る」(かれはちゃんとじかんにくる). The word can also imply reliability or trustworthiness, as in 'She always pays her bills properly「彼女はちゃんと請求書を払う」(かのじょはちゃんとせいきゅうしょをはらう).'

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1256

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Come, Go

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'いらっしゃる (irassharu)' is a highly polite and respectful form of the verbs 'to come' or 'to go'. It is often used to show respect towards the subject of the sentence, such as a superior, guest, or someone of higher status. For example: Please come in「どうぞいらっしゃってください」(どうぞいらっしゃってください). The teacher has gone to the office「先生は事務所にいらっしゃいました」(せんせいはじむしょにいらっしゃいました). Additionally, 'いらっしゃる' can also be used as a polite form of 'to be' when referring to someone respected, as in: Is the manager here?「マネージャーはいらっしゃいますか」(マネージャーはいらっしゃいますか). This verb is part of keigo (敬語), the Japanese honorific language system, and is essential in formal or respectful contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

1276

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mandarin

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'みかん' refers to a type of citrus fruit, specifically a mandarin orange. It is a common fruit in Japan, often eaten during the winter season. The word can also refer to the mandarin orange tree. Example sentences: I ate a mandarin「みかんを食べた」(みかんをたべた). The mandarin is sweet「みかんは甘い」(みかんはあまい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1310

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Boring, Trivial

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'つまらない (つまらない)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'boring', used to describe something that lacks interest or excitement. The second is 'trivial', referring to something that is unimportant or insignificant. For example: this movie is boring「この映画はつまらない」(このえいがはつまらない). Don't worry about such trivial things「そんなつまらないことを気にしないで」(そんなつまらないことをきにしないで). The word can also carry a nuance of something being unworthy of attention or effort, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

1362

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Yes

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese interjection 'うん (un)' is a casual way to say 'yes'. It is commonly used in informal conversations among friends, family, or peers. This interjection is less formal than 'はい (hai)', which is used in polite or formal contexts. For example: Are you coming? Yes「来る？うん」(くる？うん). Do you like sushi? Yes「寿司好き？うん」(すしすき？うん). Note that 'うん' should be avoided in formal settings or when speaking to someone of higher status, as it may come across as too casual or disrespectful.

Part Of Speech

interjection

Frequency

1365

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cousin

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'いとこ (itoko)' refers to a cousin, which is a child of one's aunt or uncle. This term is used to describe a relative who is not a sibling but shares at least one set of grandparents. It is a gender-neutral term and can refer to both male and female cousins. For example: my cousin is coming to visit「私のいとこが遊びに来ます」(わたしのいとこがあそびにきます). I have many cousins「私はいとこがたくさんいます」(わたしはいとこがたくさんいます). The term 'いとこ' is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts and does not distinguish between paternal or maternal cousins.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1377

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cause, Bring

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'もたらす (もたらす)' means 'to bring' or 'to cause'. It is often used to describe the act of bringing about a result, effect, or change, whether positive or negative. This verb is commonly used in formal or written contexts. For example: The new policy brought significant changes「新しい政策は大きな変化をもたらした」(あたらしいせいさくはおおきなへんかをもたらした). The storm caused widespread damage「その嵐は広範囲な被害をもたらした」(そのあらしはこうはんいなひがいをもたらした). Note that 'もたらす' is typically used for abstract or significant outcomes rather than physical objects.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

1392

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sliding door

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ふすま' refers to a traditional Japanese sliding door or partition, typically made of a wooden frame covered with opaque paper. These are commonly used in Japanese homes to separate rooms or closets. Fusuma are distinct from shoji, which are sliding doors covered with translucent paper. Example sentences: The fusuma in the old house are beautiful「古い家のふすまは美しい」(ふるいいえのふすまはうつくしい). Please close the fusuma「ふすまを閉めてください」(ふすまをしめてください).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1407

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Properly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'きちんと' means 'properly' or 'neatly'. It is used to describe actions or states that are done in an orderly, correct, or precise manner. This word often carries a nuance of thoroughness and attention to detail. For example: Please clean your room properly「部屋をきちんと掃除してください」(へやをきちんとそうじしてください). She always dresses neatly「彼女はいつもきちんと着ている」(かのじょはいつもきちんときている). It can also imply reliability or punctuality, as in: He always arrives on time「彼はいつもきちんと時間に来る」(かれはいつもきちんとじかんにくる).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1417

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lie

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'うそ (uso)' means 'lie'. It refers to a false statement made with the intention to deceive. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to describe dishonesty. For example: That's a lie!「それはうそだ！」(それはうそだ！). He told a lie to his friend「彼は友達にうそをついた」(かれはともだちにうそをついた). The word can also be used in expressions like 'うそつき (うそつき)' which means 'liar'. It's important to note that 'うそ' can sometimes be used in a more casual or joking manner, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1453

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soundly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ぐっすり' describes sleeping deeply or soundly. It is often used to emphasize that someone is in a state of very deep sleep, undisturbed by external factors. For example: I slept soundly last night「昨夜はぐっすり眠れました」(さくやはぐっすりねむれました). The baby is sleeping soundly「赤ちゃんはぐっすり眠っている」(あかちゃんはぐっすりねむっている). This adverb is commonly paired with verbs like '眠る (ねむる)' (to sleep) to convey the idea of a restful, uninterrupted sleep.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1458

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grab

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'つかむ (tsukamu)' means 'to grab' or 'to seize'. It is used to describe the action of taking hold of something firmly with your hand. This verb can also be used metaphorically to mean 'to grasp' an idea or opportunity. For example: he grabbed my hand「彼は私の手をつかんだ」(かれはわたしのてをつかんだ). I finally grasped the concept「やっとその概念をつかんだ」(やっとそのがいねんをつかんだ). The verb is often used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it versatile in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

1465

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Side dish

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'おかず (おかず)' refers to a 'side dish' that accompanies the main staple food, typically rice. It is an essential part of a Japanese meal and can include a variety of dishes such as vegetables, fish, meat, or pickles. The term emphasizes the complementary nature of the dish to the main meal. For example: I made a side dish for dinner「夕食におかずを作りました」(ゆうしょくにおかずをつくりました). This side dish goes well with rice「このおかずはご飯とよく合います」(このおかずはごはんとよくあいます). In casual contexts, 'おかず' can also refer to something that adds interest or variety to a situation, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1488

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Yes

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese interjection 'ええ (ええ)' is a casual way to say 'yes' or to express agreement. It is often used in informal conversations and can convey a sense of affirmation or acknowledgment. For example: Yes, that's right「ええ、そうです」(ええ、そうです). Yes, I understand「ええ、わかります」(ええ、わかります). It is important to note that 'ええ' is less formal than 'はい (はい)' and is typically used among friends, family, or in casual settings. It can also be used to show that you are listening or to encourage the speaker to continue, similar to saying 'uh-huh' in English.

Part Of Speech

interjection

Frequency

1501

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Uncle, Middle aged man

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'おじさん (おじさん)' primarily means 'uncle', referring to one's father or mother's brother. However, it is also commonly used to refer to any middle-aged man, often in a casual or familiar context. This term can carry nuances of respect or affection, depending on the situation. For example: That man is my uncle「あの男性は私のおじさんです」(あのだんせいはわたしのおじさんです). The middle-aged man helped me「おじさんが助けてくれました」(おじさんがたすけてくれました). It's important to note that the term can sometimes be used humorously or sarcastically, depending on the tone and context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1545

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Seems

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese suffix 'ぽい (ぽい)' is used to indicate that something seems or appears to be a certain way, often implying a resemblance or likelihood. It is commonly attached to nouns or adjectives to create a new adjective. For example: childlike or childish「子供っぽい」(こどもっぽい). This suffix can also carry a nuance of exaggeration or overemphasis, depending on the context. Another example: it seems like rain「雨っぽい」(あめっぽい). Note that 'ぽい' is informal and often used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Frequency

1546

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Every

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese determiner 'あらゆる (arayuru)' means 'every' or 'all possible'. It is used to refer to every possible instance or type of something, often implying a sense of comprehensiveness or inclusivity. This word is typically used before a noun to emphasize that no exceptions are being made. For example: every possible means「あらゆる手段」(あらゆるしゅだん). Every kind of flower「あらゆる種類の花」(あらゆるしゅるいのはな). It is important to note that 'あらゆる' carries a nuance of thoroughness, suggesting that nothing is left out.

Part Of Speech

determiner

Frequency

1580

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hit

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'たたく' means 'to hit' or 'to strike'. It is used to describe the action of hitting something, often with a hand or an object. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as hitting a drum, knocking on a door, or even metaphorically hitting a point in an argument. For example: He hit the drum「彼は太鼓をたたいた」(かれはたいこをたたいた). She knocked on the door「彼女はドアをたたいた」(かのじょはドアをたたいた). It's important to note that 'たたく' can also imply a repetitive action, such as tapping or patting, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

1605

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Aimlessly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ぶらぶら (burabura)' describes moving or doing something without a specific purpose or direction. It often conveys a sense of leisurely wandering or idling. For example: I walked around aimlessly「ぶらぶら歩いた」(ぶらぶらあるいた). He spent the day idly「彼は一日ぶらぶら過ごした」(かれはいちにちぶらぶらすごした). This word can also imply a lack of productivity or focus, as in 'stop idling around'「ぶらぶらするな」(ぶらぶらするな). It is commonly used in casual conversations to describe relaxed or unplanned activities.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1607

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Come

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese interjection 'さあ (さあ)' is a versatile word often used to encourage someone to do something, to express hesitation, or to indicate uncertainty. It can be translated as 'come on,' 'well,' or 'let's see,' depending on the context. For example: Come on, let's go!「さあ、行きましょう！」(さあ、いきましょう！). Well, I'm not sure...「さあ、どうかな...」(さあ、どうかな...). It is also used to build anticipation or excitement, such as when starting something new or presenting something. For instance: Let's see, what's next?「さあ、次は何かな？」(さあ、つぎはなにかな？).

Part Of Speech

interjection

Frequency

1611

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sparkle

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'きらきら' describes something that sparkles or glitters, often used to depict light reflecting off surfaces like water, stars, or jewelry. It conveys a sense of brightness and liveliness. For example: The stars are sparkling「星がきらきらしている」(ほしがきらきらしている). Her eyes sparkled with joy「彼女の目は喜びできらきらしていた」(かのじょのめはよろこびできらきらしていた). This word is often used in poetic or descriptive contexts to evoke a vivid image of light or brilliance.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1657

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Watermelon

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'すいか' refers to the fruit 'watermelon'. It is a popular summer fruit in Japan, often enjoyed for its refreshing and hydrating qualities. The word is commonly used in everyday conversation, especially during the summer season. Example sentences: I bought a watermelon「すいかを買いました」(すいかをかいました). This watermelon is sweet「このすいかは甘い」(このすいかはあまい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1694

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Which

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'どっち' is a casual and colloquial way to ask 'which' between two options. It is often used in informal conversations and is interchangeable with 'どちら', though 'どちら' is more polite. 'どっち' is typically used when the speaker is comparing two things or choices. For example: Which one do you want?「どっちがほしい？」(どっちがほしい？). Which is better?「どっちがいい？」(どっちがいい？). Note that 'どっち' is not used for more than two options; in such cases, 'どれ' or 'どの' would be more appropriate.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1712

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Smiling

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'にこにこ (にこにこ)' describes a cheerful, smiling expression or demeanor. It is often used to depict someone who is smiling happily or contentedly. This word is commonly used to describe a person's facial expression or mood. For example: She was smiling「彼女はにこにこしていた」(かのじょはにこにこしていた). The child smiled happily「子供はにこにこ笑った」(こどもはにこにこわらった). It can also be used to describe a warm, friendly atmosphere, as in 'The shopkeeper greeted us with a smile「店主はにこにこと挨拶した」(てんしゅはにこにことあいさつした)'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1728

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Who

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'どなた (どなた)' is a polite way to ask 'who'. It is more formal and respectful than the more casual 'だれ (だれ)'. This term is often used in formal situations, when speaking to someone of higher status, or when showing respect to the person being referred to. For example: Who is that person?「どなたですか？」(どなたですか？). May I ask who is calling?「どなたでしょうか？」(どなたでしょうか？). It is important to note that 'どなた' is typically used in questions and is not used to refer to oneself or someone in one's in-group.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1751

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Organize, Summarize

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'まとめる (matomeru)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to organize', which refers to arranging or putting things in order. For example: I organized the documents「書類をまとめた」(しょるいをまとめた). The second meaning is 'to summarize', which refers to condensing information into a concise form. For example: She summarized the report「彼女はレポートをまとめた」(かのじょはレポートをまとめた). This verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as organizing physical items, ideas, or information. It often implies bringing scattered elements into a coherent whole.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

1768

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

That

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese determiner 'あんな (あんな)' is used to refer to something in a way that implies a certain characteristic or quality, often with a sense of distance or unfamiliarity. It is typically used when the speaker is referring to something that is not present or is being discussed in a general sense. For example: I don't like that kind of person「あんな人は好きじゃない」(あんないとはすきじゃない). That kind of thing is dangerous「あんなことは危ない」(あんなことはあぶない). It's important to note that 'あんな' is often used to express a negative or undesirable quality, but it can also be used in a neutral or positive context depending on the situation.

Part Of Speech

determiner

Frequency

1788

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

There

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun 'そちら (そちら)' is used to refer to a place or direction that is closer to the listener than to the speaker. It can also be used to refer to a person or group of people in a polite manner. For example: Is the station over there?「駅はそちらですか？」(えきはそちらですか？). How is everyone over there?「そちらの皆さんはお元気ですか？」(そちらのみなさんはおげんきですか？). It is important to note that 'そちら' is more formal and polite compared to 'そこ' or 'そっち', which are used in more casual settings.

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Frequency

1815

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Itchy

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'かゆい (かゆい)' means 'itchy'. It is used to describe a sensation on the skin that makes you want to scratch. This word is commonly used in everyday conversations when referring to insect bites, rashes, or allergic reactions. For example: My arm is itchy「腕がかゆい」(うでがかゆい). This mosquito bite is so itchy「この蚊に刺されたところがとてもかゆい」(このかにさされたところがとてもかゆい). The adjective can also be used metaphorically to describe a situation where someone feels restless or impatient, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

1820

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shaky

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ぐらぐら' describes something that is unsteady, shaky, or wobbly. It is often used to describe physical instability, such as a loose object or an unstable structure. It can also describe a feeling of dizziness or unsteadiness in a person. For example: The table is shaky「テーブルがぐらぐらしている」(てーぶるがぐらぐらしている). I feel dizzy「頭がぐらぐらする」(あたまがぐらぐらする). The word is onomatopoeic, mimicking the sound or sensation of wobbling or shaking.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1827

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chat

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'しゃべる' means 'to chat' or 'to talk'. It is commonly used to describe casual, informal conversation. This verb often carries a nuance of lighthearted or idle chatter, as opposed to serious or formal discussion. For example: Let's chat「しゃべろう」(しゃべろう). She is chatting with her friend「彼女は友達としゃべっている」(かのじょはともだちとしゃべっている). Note that 'しゃべる' can sometimes imply talking too much or gossiping, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

1832

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting