Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Composition

word

Meaning

Cucumber

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'きゅうり' refers to the vegetable known as 'cucumber' in English. It is a common ingredient in Japanese cuisine, often used in salads, pickles, and as a garnish. Cucumbers are known for their refreshing taste and high water content, making them a popular choice during the hot summer months. For example: I bought a cucumber「きゅうりを買いました」(きゅうりをかいました). This salad has cucumber「このサラダにはきゅうりが入っています」(このサラダにはきゅうりがはいっています). Cucumbers are also sometimes used in traditional Japanese skincare routines due to their cooling and hydrating properties.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3951

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Smoothly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'すっと' describes an action that is done smoothly, quickly, or without hesitation. It often conveys a sense of something moving or happening in a fluid, uninterrupted manner. For example: The door opened smoothly「ドアがすっと開いた」(ドアがすっとあいた). She walked past me without hesitation「彼女はすっと私の横を通り過ぎた」(かのじょはすっとわたしのよこをとおりすぎた). This adverb can also imply a sense of relief or ease, as in: The pain went away smoothly「痛みがすっと引いた」(いたみがすっとひいた).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3962

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Smoothly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'すらすら' describes something that happens smoothly, fluently, or without difficulty. It is often used to describe actions like speaking, reading, writing, or performing tasks effortlessly. For example: He read the book smoothly「彼は本をすらすらと読んだ」(かれはほんをすらすらとよんだ). She answered the questions smoothly「彼女は質問にすらすらと答えた」(かのじょはしつもんにすらすらとこたえた). This word conveys a sense of ease and fluidity in the action being described.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3976

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fish

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'つる' means 'to fish'. This verb is used to describe the action of catching fish, typically using a fishing rod or other fishing equipment. It can also be used metaphorically to describe trying to obtain something, but its primary meaning is related to fishing. For example: I fish every weekend「毎週末に魚を釣る」(まいしゅうまつにさかなをつる). He is fishing in the river「彼は川で魚を釣っている」(かれはかわでさかなをつっている). Note that 'つる' is often used with the object '魚 (さかな)' to specify that one is fishing for fish.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

3986

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wandering

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'うろうろ (urouro)' describes the action of wandering or moving around aimlessly, often without a clear purpose or direction. It can be used to describe both physical movement and a state of indecision or confusion. For example: He was wandering around the station「彼は駅をうろうろしていた」(かれはえきをうろうろしていた). I wandered around the city looking for the cafe「カフェを探して街をうろうろした」(かふぇをさがしてまちをうろうろした). This word often carries a nuance of restlessness or being lost, either literally or figuratively.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3989

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'ずるい' (zurui) means 'sly' or 'cunning'. It is used to describe someone who is clever in a dishonest or deceitful way, often to gain an advantage. This word can also imply unfairness or trickery. For example: That person is sly「あの人はずるい」(あのひとはずるい). He played a sly trick on me「彼はずるい手を使った」(かれはずるいてをつかった). The adjective can also be used in a playful or teasing manner among friends, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

4036

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Impatient

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun 'せっかち' describes someone who is impatient or always in a hurry. It is often used to characterize a person who acts hastily or cannot wait calmly. For example: He is so impatient「彼はとてもせっかちだ」(かれはとてもせっかちだ). Being impatient won't help「せっかちになっても仕方がない」(せっかちになってもしかたがない). This word carries a slightly negative nuance, implying that the person's impatience might lead to mistakes or poor decisions.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Frequency

4041

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

No

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese interjection 'いいえ (いいえ)' is a polite way to say 'no'. It is commonly used in formal or polite situations to negate a statement or question. For example: No, that's not correct「いいえ、それは違います」(いいえ、それはちがいます). No, I don't need help「いいえ、助けはいりません」(いいえ、たすけはいりません). It is important to note that 'いいえ' is more formal than the casual 'いや' or 'ううん', which are also used to mean 'no' but in less formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

interjection

Frequency

4042

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fuss

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'こだわる (kodawaru)' means 'to fuss' or 'to be particular about something'. It is often used to describe someone who pays excessive attention to details or insists on specific standards. This verb can be used in both positive and negative contexts, depending on whether the attention to detail is seen as a strength or a flaw. For example: he fusses over small details「彼は細かいことにこだわる」(かれはこまかいことにこだわる). She is particular about the quality of her work「彼女は仕事の質にこだわる」(かのじょはしごとのしつにこだわる). The verb can also imply a sense of stubbornness or inflexibility when someone refuses to compromise on their preferences.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4050

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fan

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'うちわ (uchiwa)' refers to a traditional Japanese hand fan. Unlike folding fans, uchiwa are typically made of a single piece of paper or fabric stretched over a flat, rigid frame, often bamboo. They are used to create a breeze and cool oneself, especially during hot summer months. Uchiwa are also commonly given as promotional items at festivals or events, often featuring advertisements or designs. Example sentences: She is fanning herself with a uchiwa「彼女はうちわで扇いでいる」(かのじょはうちわであおいでいる). I received a uchiwa at the festival「祭りでうちわをもらった」(まつりでうちわをもらった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4057

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Carelessly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'うっかり (ukkari)' means 'carelessly' or 'inadvertently'. It is used to describe actions done without proper attention or thought, often leading to unintended mistakes or oversights. This word carries a nuance of absent-mindedness or a momentary lapse in focus. For example: I carelessly forgot my wallet「うっかり財布を忘れた」(うっかりさいふをわすれた). He inadvertently revealed the secret「うっかり秘密を漏らした」(うっかりひみつをもらした). The adverb is often used in situations where the speaker regrets their lack of attention.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4066

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Worthless

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'くだらない (kudaranai)' means 'worthless' or 'trivial'. It is used to describe something that lacks value, importance, or significance. This word often carries a dismissive or negative connotation, implying that the subject is not worth attention or effort. For example: That's a worthless story「それはくだらない話だ」(それはくだらないはなしだ). Don't waste time on trivial things「くだらないことに時間を無駄にするな」(くだらないことにじかんをむだにするな). The word can also be used to express frustration or annoyance with something perceived as pointless.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

4083

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shameless

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'ずうずうしい (ずうずうしい)' means 'shameless' or 'impudent'. It is used to describe someone who acts without regard for social norms, manners, or the feelings of others, often in a bold or brazen way. This word carries a negative connotation and is typically used to criticize someone's behavior. For example: He is shameless to ask for more money「彼はもっとお金を要求するなんてずうずうしい」(かれはもっとおかねをようきゅうするなんてずうずうしい). It's shameless to cut in line「列に割り込むなんてずうずうしい」(れつにわりこむなんてずうずうしい). The word can also imply a lack of self-awareness or tact.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

4094

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Alright

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese interjection 'よし (yoshi)' is a versatile expression often used to convey determination, approval, or readiness. It can mean 'alright,' 'okay,' 'good,' or 'let's do this,' depending on the context. It is commonly used to pump oneself up or to signal agreement. For example: Alright, let's go!「よし、行こう！」(よし、いこう！). Okay, I'll do it「よし、やるよ」(よし、やるよ). It can also be used to comfort someone, as in 'It's okay, don't worry'「よし、大丈夫だよ」(よし、だいじょうぶだよ). The tone and situation often dictate its exact meaning.

Part Of Speech

interjection

Frequency

4103

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soundly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'すやすや' describes the state of sleeping peacefully or soundly. It is often used to depict someone, especially a baby or child, sleeping quietly and comfortably. For example: The baby is sleeping soundly「赤ちゃんがすやすや眠っている」(あかちゃんがすやすやねむっている). He was sleeping peacefully「彼はすやすやと眠っていた」(かれはすやすやとねむっていた). This adverb conveys a sense of calm and tranquility associated with sleep.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4106

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lick, Underestimate

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'なめる (nameru)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to lick', which refers to the physical action of passing the tongue over something. For example: the cat licked the milk「猫がミルクをなめた」(ねこがミルクをなめた). The second meaning is 'to underestimate', which is used when someone does not take a situation or person seriously. For example: don't underestimate me「私をなめるな」(わたしをなめるな). It's important to note that the context in which 'なめる' is used will determine which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4134

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Snore

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'いびき' refers to the sound made by a person while sleeping, commonly known as 'snoring'. It is often used in contexts related to sleep, health, or disturbances caused by loud breathing during sleep. Example sentences include: His snoring is loud「彼のいびきはうるさい」(かれのいびきはうるさい). I couldn't sleep because of the snoring「いびきで眠れなかった」(いびきでねむれなかった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4144

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lewd

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'いやらしい (いやらしい)' primarily means 'lewd' or 'obscene'. It is used to describe something that is sexually suggestive or inappropriate in a way that makes people uncomfortable. This word can also carry a nuance of being distasteful or unpleasant beyond just sexual contexts. For example: His behavior was lewd「彼の態度はいやらしかった」(かれのたいどはいやらしかった). That joke was in poor taste「そのジョークはいやらしかった」(そのジョークはいやらしかった). The adjective is often used to criticize actions, comments, or situations that are deemed inappropriate or offensive.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

4158

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unthinkable

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'とんでも' (tondemo) is often used to express something that is completely unexpected, outrageous, or unthinkable. It is commonly used in phrases like 'とんでもない' (tondemonai), which can mean 'unthinkable', 'absurd', or 'out of the question'. This word is often used to emphasize the speaker's surprise or disbelief. For example: That's unthinkable!「とんでもない！」(とんでもない！). It's absolutely outrageous「それはとんでもないことだ」(それはとんでもないことだ). Note that 'とんでも' is often used in a negative context, but it can also be used to express something positive in a hyperbolic way, such as 'とんでもなく美味しい' (tondemonaku oishii), meaning 'unbelievably delicious'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4166

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sigh

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese interjection 'はー (はー)' is often used to express a sigh, typically conveying feelings such as relief, exhaustion, or resignation. It is a casual expression and is commonly used in spoken language. For example: a sigh of relief「はー、よかった」(はー、よかった). A sigh of tiredness「はー、つかれた」(はー、つかれた). This interjection can also be elongated (e.g., 'はーー') to emphasize the emotion being expressed.

Part Of Speech

interjection

Frequency

4177

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rattling

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'がたがた (がたがた)' describes a rattling or clattering sound, often used to depict something shaking or vibrating noisily. It can also metaphorically describe a state of instability or nervousness. For example: The old train was rattling「古い電車ががたがたしていた」(ふるいでんしゃががたがたしていた). She was shaking with nervousness「彼女はがたがた震えていた」(かのじょはがたがたふるえていた). This word is onomatopoeic, capturing the sound or sensation of something loose or unsteady.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

4181

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oh

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese interjection 'あら' is used to express mild surprise, curiosity, or realization. It is often used by women and can convey a range of emotions depending on the context and tone. For example: Oh, is that so?「あら、そうですか？」(あら、そうですか？). Oh, I didn't notice that「あら、気づきませんでした」(あら、きづきませんでした). The interjection is versatile and can be used in both casual and polite conversations, though it is more commonly heard in informal settings.

Part Of Speech

interjection

Frequency

4197

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deceive

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'だます (damasu)' means 'to deceive' or 'to trick'. It is used when someone intentionally misleads or fools another person, often for personal gain or advantage. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as scams, lies, or playful tricks. For example: He deceived me with a fake story「彼は嘘の話で私をだました」(かれはうそのはなしでわたしをだました). Don't let them trick you「彼らにだまされないで」(かれらにだまされないで). The verb often carries a negative connotation, implying dishonesty or manipulation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4203

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sitting

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'あぐら' refers to a traditional sitting posture where one sits cross-legged on the floor, often used in informal or relaxed settings. This posture is common in Japan, especially when sitting on tatami mats. For example: he sat cross-legged「彼はあぐらをかいた」(かれはあぐらをかいた). She sat cross-legged on the tatami mat「彼女は畳の上であぐらをかいた」(かのじょはたたみのうえであぐらをかいた). The term can also imply a relaxed or informal attitude, as in 'あぐらをかく' (to sit cross-legged), which metaphorically means to take things easy or be complacent.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4205

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reluctantly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'いやいや (いやいや)' conveys the idea of doing something reluctantly or unwillingly. It is often used to describe actions performed with hesitation or lack of enthusiasm. For example: He reluctantly agreed「彼はいやいや同意した」(かれはいやいやどういした). She reluctantly went to the meeting「彼女はいやいや会議に行った」(かのじょはいやいやかいぎにいった). This adverb can also imply a sense of being forced or pressured into doing something, as in 'いやいやながら (いやいやながら) (while reluctantly)'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4216

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Align

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'そろえる (soroeru)' means 'to align' or 'to arrange in order'. It is used when organizing or setting things in a straight line or in a specific order. This verb can be applied to physical objects, such as aligning books on a shelf, or abstract concepts, like coordinating schedules. For example: align the chairs「椅子をそろえる」(いすをそろえる). Let's align our schedules「スケジュールをそろえましょう」(スケジュールをそろえましょう). The verb can also imply making things uniform or consistent, such as in 'そろえる声 (そろえるこえ) (to synchronize voices)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4260

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

String

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ひも (himo)' refers to a 'string' or 'cord'. It is commonly used to describe thin, flexible materials used for tying or binding objects. This word can be applied to various contexts, such as shoelaces, ropes, or even metaphorical ties. For example: Please tie the string tightly「ひもをしっかり結んでください」(ひもをしっかりむすんでください). The string broke「ひもが切れた」(ひもがきれた). Additionally, 'ひも' can sometimes be used colloquially to refer to someone who is financially dependent on another, though this usage is more informal and context-specific.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4262

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crumpled

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'くしゃくしゃ' describes something that is crumpled, wrinkled, or messy. It is often used to describe the state of paper, fabric, or even hair. For example: The paper is crumpled「紙がくしゃくしゃだ」(かみがくしゃくしゃだ). Her hair is messy「彼女の髪がくしゃくしゃだ」(かのじょのかみがくしゃくしゃだ). Additionally, 'くしゃくしゃ' can also describe a person's emotional state, such as feeling upset or disheveled, though this usage is less common. For example: He looked upset and disheveled「彼はくしゃくしゃした顔をしていた」(かれはくしゃくしゃしたかおをしていた).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4265

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stingy

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun 'けち (kechi)' primarily means 'stingy' or 'cheap'. It is used to describe someone who is unwilling to spend money or use resources, often to an excessive degree. This term can carry a negative connotation, implying a lack of generosity. For example: he is stingy「彼はけちだ」(かれはけちだ). Don't be so stingy with the sauce「ソースをけちらないで」(ソースをけちらないで). In some contexts, 'けち' can also imply something is of poor quality or shabby, but this usage is less common and typically tied to the idea of being cheap or miserly.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Frequency

4277

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rough

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ざらざら (zarazara)' describes a rough or coarse texture. It is often used to describe surfaces or materials that feel uneven or gritty to the touch. For example: the sandpaper feels rough「紙やすりはざらざらしている」(かみやすりはざらざらしている). The surface of the stone is rough「石の表面はざらざらだ」(いしのひょうめんはざらざらだ). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that feels unrefined or harsh, such as a voice or a situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4286

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pickpocket

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'すり' refers to a 'pickpocket', someone who steals from others' pockets or bags without their notice. This term is commonly used in contexts discussing crime or urban safety. For example: Be careful of pickpockets in crowded places「混雑した場所ではすりに気をつけて」(こんざつしたばしょではすりにきをつけて). The police caught a pickpocket「警察がすりを捕まえた」(けいさつがすりをつかまえた). The word 'すり' is often used in warnings or news reports about theft in public areas.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4306

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hey

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese interjection 'おい (おい)' is a casual and informal way to get someone's attention, similar to saying 'hey' in English. It is commonly used among friends or peers, but can be considered rude or impolite if used with strangers or in formal situations. For example: Hey, wait!「おい、待て！」(おい、まて！). Hey, what are you doing?「おい、何してるの？」(おい、なにしてるの？). It is important to note that 'おい' is typically used by males, and females might use 'ねえ (ねえ)' instead in similar contexts.

Part Of Speech

interjection

Frequency

4307

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Single mindedly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ひたすら (hitasura)' means 'single-mindedly' or 'earnestly'. It is used to describe doing something with complete focus and dedication, often to the exclusion of everything else. This word conveys a sense of unwavering commitment or persistence. For example: He worked single-mindedly「彼はひたすら働いた」(かれはひたすらはたらいた). She practiced single-mindedly「彼女はひたすら練習した」(かのじょはひたすられんしゅうした). The word can also imply a sense of relentlessness or intensity in pursuing a goal.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4314

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

That

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun 'そいつ (そいつ)' is an informal and somewhat casual way to refer to 'that' or 'that person/thing'. It is often used in conversational contexts and can carry a slightly dismissive or familiar tone, depending on the situation. It is typically used to refer to objects, animals, or people, but should be avoided in formal settings. Example sentences: That guy is annoying「そいつはうるさい」(そいつはうるさい). I don't like that thing「そいつは嫌いだ」(そいつはきらいだ). Note that 'そいつ' is less polite than alternatives like 'それ' or 'あの人', so it is best used among friends or in informal situations.

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Frequency

4322

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rice ball

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'おにぎり (おにぎり)' refers to a 'rice ball', a common Japanese food item made from white rice formed into a triangular or round shape and often wrapped in nori (seaweed). It is typically filled with ingredients such as salted salmon, pickled plum (umeboshi), or other savory fillings. Example sentences: I made rice balls for lunch「昼ごはんにおにぎりを作りました」(ひるごはんにおにぎりをつくりました). This rice ball is delicious「このおにぎりはおいしい」(このおにぎりはおいしい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4325

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Razor

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'かみそり (kamisori)' refers to a 'razor', a tool used for shaving hair. It is commonly used in contexts related to personal grooming, such as shaving facial or body hair. For example: I bought a new razor「新しいかみそりを買いました」(あたらしいかみそりをかいました). Be careful with the razor「かみそりに気をつけて」(かみそりにきをつけて). The word can also appear in compound terms, such as 'electric razor' (電気かみそり, でんきかみそり).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4336

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Now

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese interjection 'いざ (iza)' is used to indicate a moment of action, decision, or readiness. It often conveys a sense of urgency or determination, similar to saying 'now' or 'let's go' in English. This word is commonly used in situations where someone is about to embark on a task, journey, or challenge. For example: Now, let's begin!「いざ、始めよう！」(いざ、はじめよう！). Let's go to the battlefield!「いざ、戦場へ！」(いざ、せんじょうへ！). It can also be used to express a call to action or to rally others, as in 'いざ、行こう！' (いざ、いこう！) (Now, let's go!).

Part Of Speech

interjection

Frequency

4340

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Noisily

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'がやがや (がやがや)' describes a noisy or clamorous situation, often involving many people talking loudly or making a racket. It conveys a sense of chaos or commotion due to loud voices or sounds. For example: The students were talking noisily in the classroom「学生たちが教室でがやがや話していた」(がくせいたちがきょうしつでがやがやはなしていた). The market was bustling noisily with people「市場が人々でがやがやしていた」(いちばがひとびとでがやがやしていた). This adverb is often used to depict lively or disorderly environments.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4343

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Look around

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'きょろきょろ' describes the action of looking around restlessly or nervously, often in search of something or out of curiosity. It conveys a sense of fidgety or distracted movement of the eyes. For example: He looked around nervously「彼はきょろきょろと周りを見回した」(かれはきょろきょろとまわりをみまわした). The child kept looking around curiously「子供はきょろきょろとあちこち見ていた」(こどもはきょろきょろとあちこちみていた). This word is often used to depict someone who is unsure, searching, or unable to focus their gaze in one place.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4357

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sneeze

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'くしゃみ' refers to the act of sneezing. It is commonly used to describe the involuntary expulsion of air from the nose and mouth due to irritation in the nasal passages. For example: I had a sneeze「くしゃみが出た」(くしゃみがでた). Cover your mouth when you sneeze「くしゃみをする時は口を覆ってください」(くしゃみをするときはくちをおおってください). This word is often used in everyday conversations, especially during cold and allergy seasons.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4364

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Slowly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ぐずぐず' describes doing something slowly, often with a sense of procrastination or hesitation. It conveys a lack of urgency or efficiency, and can imply annoyance or frustration from others due to the delay. For example: Don't do it slowly「ぐずぐずしないで」(ぐずぐずしないで). He is walking slowly「彼はぐずぐず歩いている」(かれはぐずぐずあるいている). This word is often used in a scolding or urging tone to encourage someone to act more quickly.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4376

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ticklish

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'くすぐったい (くすぐったい)' primarily means 'ticklish'. It describes the sensation one feels when being tickled, often causing an involuntary reaction like laughter or squirming. Additionally, it can be used metaphorically to describe a situation that feels awkward or embarrassing, often causing a similar physical reaction. For example: I feel ticklish when someone touches my feet「足を触られるとくすぐったい」(あしをさわられるとくすぐったい). The compliment made her feel awkward「その褒め言葉は彼女をくすぐったくさせた」(そのほめことばはかのじょをくすぐったくさせた). This word is versatile and can be used both literally and figuratively.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

4388

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tired

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'くたびれる' means 'to be tired' or 'to be exhausted'. It is often used to describe physical fatigue after exertion or mental exhaustion from stress or overwork. This verb carries a nuance of being worn out or drained, and it can be used in both casual and formal contexts. For example: I'm tired from walking all day「一日中歩いてくたびれた」(いちにちじゅうあるいてくたびれた). He was exhausted after the long meeting「長い会議の後で彼はくたびれていた」(ながいかいぎのあとでかれはくたびれていた). Note that 'くたびれる' can also imply a sense of being worn out over time, such as clothes or objects becoming worn or shabby, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4403

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Slightly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'いささか (isasaka)' means 'slightly' or 'a little'. It is often used to express a small degree or amount of something, and can carry a nuance of modesty or understatement. It is commonly used in formal or written contexts. For example: I am slightly tired「いささか疲れています」(いささかつかれています). The situation is slightly complicated「状況はいささか複雑です」(じょうきょうはいささかふくざつです). Note that 'いささか' is more formal than similar adverbs like '少し (すこし)' or 'ちょっと', and is often used to soften statements or express politeness.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4404

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Anyway

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'どうせ (どうせ)' conveys a sense of resignation or inevitability, often implying that the outcome is already determined or that effort is futile. It can be used to express a dismissive or cynical attitude. For example: It's going to rain anyway, so let's stay home「どうせ雨が降るから、家にいよう」(どうせあめがふるから、いえにいよう). He won't listen to me anyway「どうせ彼は私の話を聞かない」(どうせかれはわたしのはなしをきかない). This adverb is commonly used in casual conversation and can sometimes carry a negative connotation, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4409

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Collide, Encounter

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'ぶつかる (butsukaru)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to collide', which refers to physically hitting or crashing into something. For example: The car collided with a tree「車が木にぶつかった」(くるまがきにぶつかった). The second meaning is 'to encounter', which refers to facing or running into a problem or difficulty. For example: I encountered a problem at work「仕事で問題にぶつかった」(しごとでもんだいにぶつかった). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe encountering challenges or obstacles in life. Note that the context will usually clarify whether the meaning is physical collision or encountering a situation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4418

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Full

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese suffix 'だらけ (だらけ)' is used to indicate that something is 'full of' or 'covered with' a particular thing, often implying an excessive or undesirable amount. It is attached to nouns and can carry a negative connotation, though this depends on context. For example: The room is full of dust「部屋はほこりだらけだ」(へやはほこりだらけだ). His hands are covered with mud「彼の手は泥だらけだ」(かれのてはどろだらけだ). This suffix is versatile and can be used in various situations to emphasize abundance, but it often suggests clutter or messiness.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Frequency

4432

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

At least

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'せめて' means 'at least' and is used to express a minimum expectation, hope, or requirement. It often conveys a sense of resignation or a desire for something better, even if it's not ideal. For example: I hope to at least pass the exam「せめて試験に合格したい」(せめてしけんにごうかくしたい). Can you at least call me?「せめて電話してくれない？」(せめてでんわしてくれない？). This word is commonly used in situations where the speaker is asking for the bare minimum or expressing a modest hope.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4438

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Scorching, Furious

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'かんかん' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'furious', used to describe someone who is extremely angry or enraged. For example: He was furious「彼はかんかんに怒っていた」(かれはかんかんにおこっていた). The second meaning is 'scorching', used to describe intense heat, such as from the sun. For example: The sun is scorching today「今日の太陽はかんかんに照りつけている」(きょうのたいようはかんかんにてりつけている). These meanings are context-dependent, so pay attention to the situation in which the word is used.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4458

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Until now

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'これまで (koremade)' means 'until now' or 'up to this point'. It is used to refer to the period of time leading up to the present moment. This term can be used in various contexts to indicate the duration or extent of something that has been ongoing. For example: I have never seen such a thing until now「これまでこんなものを見たことがない」(これまでこんなものをみたことがない). Everything up to now has been a lie「これまで全てが嘘だった」(これまですべてがうそだった). It's important to note that 'これまで' often carries a nuance of finality or conclusion, suggesting that a change or new phase is about to begin.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4470

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Damp

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'じめじめ' describes a damp, humid, or sticky condition, often used to express discomfort due to moisture in the air or environment. It can also metaphorically describe a gloomy or oppressive atmosphere. For example: The room feels damp「部屋がじめじめしている」(へやがじめじめしている). The weather is humid and uncomfortable「天気がじめじめしていて不快だ」(てんきがじめじめしていてふかいだ). This word is often used to describe both physical and emotional states, such as a damp towel or a gloomy mood.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4482

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stare

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'じろじろ' describes the act of staring at someone or something intently, often in a way that can be considered rude or uncomfortable. It implies a direct and prolonged gaze, usually without trying to hide it. For example: He stared at me「彼は私をじろじろ見た」(かれはわたしをじろじろみた). Don't stare at people like that「人をじろじろ見ないで」(ひとをじろじろみないで). This word carries a slightly negative connotation, as it often makes the person being stared at feel uneasy or self-conscious.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4493

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ant

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'あり (あり)' means 'ant'. This word refers to the small, social insect commonly found in nature. It is used in everyday conversation and can appear in various contexts, such as describing ants in the environment or using them metaphorically. For example: There are many ants in the garden「庭にありがたくさんいる」(にわにありがたくさんいる). The ant is carrying food「ありが食べ物を運んでいる」(ありがたべものをはこんでいる). The word 'あり' is straightforward and does not carry additional meanings or nuances beyond its literal definition.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4504

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Back channeling

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'あいづち' refers to the practice of backchanneling, which is the use of short verbal or non-verbal responses during a conversation to show that one is listening and engaged. In Japanese culture, 'あいづち' plays a crucial role in communication, as it helps to maintain the flow of conversation and shows respect and attentiveness to the speaker. Common examples of 'あいづち' include 'はい' (yes), 'ええ' (uh-huh), 'そうですね' (that's right), and nodding. For example: She nodded and said 'はい' to show she was listening「彼女は聞いていることを示すためにうなずいて『はい』と言った」(かのじょはきいていることをしめすためにうなずいて『はい』といった). During the meeting, he frequently used 'あいづち' to show he was paying attention「会議中、彼は注意を払っていることを示すために頻繁にあいづちを打った」(かいぎちゅう、かれはちゅういをはらっていることをしめすためにひんぱんにあいづちをうった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4517

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stiff

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'かちかち (kachikachi)' primarily means 'stiff' or 'hard'. It is often used to describe something that is physically rigid or inflexible, such as a stiff piece of bread or a tense muscle. Additionally, it can describe a person's personality as being rigid or uptight. For example: The bread became stiff「パンがかちかちになった」(パンがかちかちになった). He is very stiff and formal「彼はかちかちで堅苦しい」(かれはかちかちでかたくるしい). The term can also be used to describe something that is dry or lacking moisture, such as dry soil or hair.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

4524

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

What

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese interjection 'えっ' (e-) is used to express surprise, disbelief, or confusion. It is often used in casual conversation when reacting to something unexpected or when seeking clarification. This interjection is highly context-dependent and can convey a range of emotions depending on tone and situation. For example: What? I didn't hear you「えっ？聞こえなかった」(えっ？きこえなかった). What? That can't be true「えっ？それは本当ですか？」(えっ？それはほんとうですか？). The interjection is typically followed by a question or a pause, as it invites further explanation or repetition from the speaker.

Part Of Speech

interjection

Frequency

4537

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exhausted

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'くたくた (kutakuta)' is used to describe a state of extreme physical or mental exhaustion. It often conveys the feeling of being completely worn out, either from physical exertion or mental strain. This word can also describe objects that are worn out or overused, such as old clothes or machinery. For example: I'm exhausted from work「仕事でくたくただ」(しごとでくたくただ). These shoes are worn out「この靴はくたくただ」(このくつはくたくただ). The nuance of 'くたくた' often implies a sense of being drained or depleted, and it is commonly used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

4539

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pepper

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'こしょう (koshou)' refers to 'pepper', specifically black pepper, which is a common spice used in cooking. It is often used to add flavor to dishes. For example: please add some pepper to the soup「スープにこしょうを加えてください」(スープにこしょうをくわえてください). I like the taste of pepper「こしょうの味が好きです」(こしょうのあじがすきです). Note that 'こしょう' can also refer to white pepper in some contexts, but it is most commonly associated with black pepper.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4551

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Smooth

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'すべすべ' describes something that is smooth to the touch. It is often used to describe skin, surfaces, or textures that feel soft and even. This word conveys a sense of pleasant smoothness and is commonly used in contexts related to beauty, skincare, or describing objects. For example: her skin is smooth「彼女の肌はすべすべだ」(かのじょのはだはすべすべだ). This table is smooth「このテーブルはすべすべしている」(このテーブルはすべすべしている). The word can also be used as an adjective-like adverb to modify nouns, such as 'すべすべの肌 (すべすべのはだ) (smooth skin).'

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4566

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nickname

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'あだな' refers to a 'nickname'. It is a casual or affectionate name given to someone, often used among friends, family, or close acquaintances. Unlike formal names, nicknames are typically shorter, easier to pronounce, or based on personal traits. For example: His nickname is 'Taka'「彼のあだなは『タカ』です」(かれのあだなは『タカ』です). Everyone calls her by her nickname「みんな彼女をあだなで呼びます」(みんなかのじょをあだなでよびます). Nicknames can also be derived from a person's appearance, habits, or other unique characteristics.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4598

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unnoticed

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'いつのまに (itsunomani)' means 'unnoticed' or 'without realizing'. It is used to express that something happened without the speaker or someone else being aware of it. This word often conveys a sense of surprise or realization about a change or event that occurred subtly or over time. For example: When did you get so tall?「いつのまにそんなに背が高くなったの？」(いつのまにそんなにせがたかくなったの？). I didn't notice when it started raining「いつのまに雨が降り始めた」(いつのまにあめがふりはじめた). The word is commonly used in casual conversations and can imply a sense of wonder or reflection on how time passes unnoticed.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4629

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gargle

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'うがい (ugai)' refers to the act of gargling, typically done to clean the throat or mouth. It is commonly practiced in Japan, especially during cold and flu seasons, as a hygiene measure. For example: I gargle with salt water「塩水でうがいをする」(しおみずでうがいをする). Please gargle after coming home「帰宅したらうがいをしてください」(きたくしたらうがいをしてください). This word is often used in health-related contexts and is a part of daily routines for many Japanese people.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

4664

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Excited

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'うきうき (ukiuki)' describes a feeling of excitement, lightheartedness, or being in high spirits. It is often used to express a bubbly, cheerful mood, typically in anticipation of something enjoyable. For example: She was excited about the trip「彼女は旅行にうきうきしていた」(かのじょはりょこうにうきうきしていた). I feel excited about the weekend「週末がうきうきする」(しゅうまつがうきうきする). This word conveys a sense of joyful anticipation and is commonly used in casual conversations to describe emotional states.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4677

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Look down

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'うつむく (utsumuku)' means 'to look down' or 'to bow one's head'. It is often used to describe a physical action where someone lowers their head, typically due to shyness, sadness, embarrassment, or deep thought. This verb can also convey a sense of introspection or avoidance of eye contact. For example: She looked down in embarrassment「彼女は恥ずかしそうにうつむいた」(かのじょははずかしそうにうつむいた). He bowed his head in thought「彼は考え込んでうつむいた」(かれはかんがえこんでうつむいた). The verb is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to describe a person's posture or emotional state.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4687

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flatter

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'おだてる (おだてる)' means 'to flatter' or 'to praise someone excessively, often with the intention of manipulating them or encouraging them to do something. It can carry a slightly negative nuance, implying insincerity or ulterior motives. For example: He flattered her to get her to agree「彼は彼女を同意させるためにおだてた」(かれはかのじょをどういさせるためにおだてた). Don't flatter me too much, I know I'm not that good「あまりおだてないで、私はそんなに上手じゃないと知っている」(あまりおだてないで、わたしはそんなにじょうずじゃないとしっている). This verb is often used in contexts where someone is being coaxed or persuaded through praise.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4711

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Heel

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'かかと' refers to the 'heel' of the foot. It is commonly used in everyday conversation when discussing parts of the body, footwear, or physical activities. For example: My heel hurts「かかとが痛い」(かかとがいたい). She bought shoes with high heels「彼女はハイヒールの靴を買った」(かのじょはハイヒールのくつをかった). The word can also be used metaphorically in some contexts, but its primary meaning is the anatomical heel.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4719

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rough

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'がさがさ (gasagasa)' describes a rough or coarse texture, often implying dryness or lack of smoothness. It can also describe actions or sounds associated with roughness, such as rustling or scratching. For example: the paper feels rough「この紙はがさがさしている」(このかみはがさがさしている). His hands are rough from work「彼の手は仕事でがさがさだ」(かれのてはしごとでがさがさだ). The leaves rustled in the wind「葉っぱが風でがさがさと音を立てた」(はっぱがかぜでがさがさとおとをたてた). This word is often used to evoke a tactile or auditory sensation of roughness.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4732

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nibble

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'かじる (kajiru)' means 'to nibble' or 'to gnaw'. It is used to describe the action of biting or chewing something lightly or repeatedly, often in small bites. This verb is commonly used when referring to animals or people eating something in a way that involves small, repeated bites. For example: The mouse nibbled on the cheese「ネズミがチーズをかじった」(ねずみがチーズをかじった). He nibbled on the bread「彼はパンをかじった」(かれはパンをかじった). Additionally, 'かじる' can sometimes be used metaphorically to describe someone who is just starting to learn or understand something, as in 'He nibbled at the basics of programming'「彼はプログラミングの基礎をかじった」(かれはプログラミングのきそをかじった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4746

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gulping

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'がぶがぶ (gabugabu)' describes the sound or action of drinking something quickly and noisily, often in large quantities. It is an onomatopoeic word that vividly conveys the image of someone gulping down a drink, such as water or alcohol. For example: He was gulping down water「彼は水をがぶがぶ飲んでいた」(かれはみずをがぶがぶのんでいた). She drank the beer noisily「彼女はビールをがぶがぶ飲んだ」(かのじょはビールをがぶがぶのんだ). This adverb is often used in casual contexts and can sometimes imply a lack of restraint or care in drinking.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4756

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Not at all

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'さっぱり (sappari)' is often used to express a complete lack or absence of something, typically in a negative context. It can mean 'not at all', 'completely (not)', or 'utterly (not)'. For example: I don't understand at all 「さっぱりわからない」 (さっぱりわからない). There is no hope at all 「さっぱり希望がない」 (さっぱりきぼうがない). Additionally, 'さっぱり' can also describe a feeling of refreshment or cleanliness, as in 'feeling refreshed after a bath'. However, this usage is less common and context-dependent.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4785

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tightly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ぎっしり' describes something being packed or filled tightly, with no gaps or spaces. It is often used to emphasize that something is completely full or densely arranged. For example: The suitcase is tightly packed「スーツケースにぎっしり詰まっている」(スーツケースにぎっしりつまっている). The schedule is packed tight「スケジュールがぎっしり詰まっている」(スケジュールがぎっしりつまっている). This word conveys a sense of fullness and density, often implying that there is no room for anything else.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4791

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Packed

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ぎゅうぎゅう (gyuugyuu)' is used to describe a situation where things or people are tightly packed or crammed together. It often conveys a sense of being squeezed or overcrowded. For example: The train was packed「電車はぎゅうぎゅうだった」(でんしゃはぎゅうぎゅうだった). The suitcase is stuffed full「スーツケースはぎゅうぎゅうに詰まっている」(スーツケースはぎゅうぎゅうにつまっている). This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to describe crowded spaces or tightly filled containers.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4803

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Knack

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'こつ' (kotsu) refers to the 'knack' or 'trick' of doing something, often implying a skill or technique that is learned through experience. It is commonly used when discussing how to master a particular task or activity. For example: He has the knack for cooking「彼は料理のこつを覚えた」(かれはりょうりのこつをおぼえた). Learning the knack of playing the piano takes time「ピアノを弾くこつを覚えるには時間がかかる」(ピアノをひくこつをおぼえるにはじかんがかかる). This word is often used in contexts where someone is trying to understand or explain the key to success in a specific area.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4805

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dumpling

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ぎょうざ' refers to a type of dumpling that is typically filled with ground meat and vegetables, then wrapped in a thin dough and cooked by pan-frying, steaming, or boiling. Gyoza is a popular dish in Japan, often served as a side dish or appetizer. Example sentences: I ate gyoza for dinner「夕食にぎょうざを食べた」(ゆうしょくにぎょうざをたべた). These gyoza are delicious「このぎょうざは美味しい」(このぎょうざはおいしい). Gyoza is commonly enjoyed with a dipping sauce made from soy sauce, vinegar, and chili oil.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4817

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tickle

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'くすぐる (kusuguru)' means 'to tickle'. It is used to describe the action of lightly touching someone in a way that causes a tingling or itching sensation, often leading to laughter. This verb can be used both literally and figuratively. For example: she tickled her little brother「彼女は弟をくすぐった」(かのじょはおとうとをくすぐった). The comedian's joke tickled the audience「そのコメディアンのジョークは観客をくすぐった」(そのコメディアンのジョークはかんきゃくをくすぐった). In a figurative sense, it can also describe something that mildly excites or amuses, such as a lighthearted story or a playful comment.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4837

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Loudly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'げらげら (geragera)' is used to describe the sound of loud, unrestrained laughter. It conveys a sense of someone laughing heartily or boisterously. This word is often used in informal contexts and can sometimes imply that the laughter is excessive or uncontrollable. Example sentences: He laughed loudly「彼はげらげら笑った」(かれはげらげらわらった). The children laughed loudly at the joke「子供たちはその冗談をげらげら笑った」(こどもたちはそのじょうだんをげらげらわらった).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4850

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Whisper

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'ささやく' means 'to whisper'. It is used to describe speaking very softly or quietly, often in a way that is intended to be heard only by a specific person or group. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as sharing secrets, expressing intimate thoughts, or conveying something discreetly. For example: She whispered in my ear「彼女は私の耳にささやいた」(かのじょはわたしのみみにささやいた). The wind whispered through the trees「風が木々の間でささやいていた」(かぜがきぎのあいだでささやいていた). The verb often carries a sense of intimacy or secrecy, making it suitable for poetic or emotional expressions.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4857

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Heated table

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'こたつ (kotatsu)' refers to a low, wooden table frame covered by a heavy blanket, with a heat source underneath. It is a traditional piece of furniture used in Japan during the colder months to keep warm. People sit around the kotatsu with their legs underneath the blanket, enjoying the warmth. For example: Let's sit at the kotatsu「こたつで座りましょう」(こたつですわりましょう). The kotatsu is very warm「こたつはとても暖かいです」(こたつはとてもあたたかいです). The kotatsu is often associated with family gatherings and cozy winter evenings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4874

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Proverb

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ことわざ (kotowaza)' refers to a 'proverb' or 'saying'. These are traditional, short expressions that convey wisdom, advice, or cultural values. They are often metaphorical and deeply rooted in Japanese culture. For example: The early bird catches the worm「早起きは三文の徳」(はやおきはさんもんのとく). A rolling stone gathers no moss「転がる石に苔は生えぬ」(ころがるいしにこけははえぬ). 'ことわざ' are commonly used in everyday conversation, literature, and education to teach lessons or emphasize points.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4887

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

From now

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'これから (korekara)' means 'from now' or 'from this point forward'. It is used to indicate the start of something new or a change in direction, often referring to the future. For example: From now, I will study harder「これから、もっと勉強します」(これから、もっとべんきょうします). What will you do from now?「これからどうするの？」(これからどうするの？). It can also be used to indicate the beginning of an event or activity, as in 'Let's start from now'「これから始めましょう」(これからはじめましょう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4900

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Revive

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'よみがえる (yomigaeru)' means 'to revive' or 'to be restored'. It is often used to describe something that comes back to life, regains strength, or is restored to its former state. This can apply to physical, emotional, or even abstract concepts. For example: the old tradition has been revived「古い伝統がよみがえった」(ふるいでんとうがよみがえった). His memories came back to life「彼の記憶がよみがえった」(かれのきおくがよみがえった). The word can also imply a sense of renewal or resurgence, often with a positive connotation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4905

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Numb

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'しびれる' primarily means 'to go numb' or 'to become numb'. It is often used to describe the physical sensation of numbness, such as when a limb falls asleep due to poor circulation. However, it can also be used metaphorically to describe an overwhelming emotional sensation, such as being moved deeply by something. Example sentences: My leg went numb「足がしびれた」(あしがしびれた). I was deeply moved by the music「その音楽にしびれた」(そのおんがくにしびれた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4932

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Splashing

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'じゃぶじゃぶ (jabujabu)' describes the sound or action of water splashing or sloshing. It is often used to depict the movement of water in a lively or vigorous manner, such as when washing hands, playing in water, or pouring liquid. For example: The water splashed loudly「水がじゃぶじゃぶと音を立てた」(みずがじゃぶじゃぶとおとをたてた). She washed the dishes with a lot of water「彼女はじゃぶじゃぶ水を使って皿を洗った」(かのじょはじゃぶじゃぶみずをつかってさらをあらった). This word is onomatopoeic and conveys a vivid auditory and visual image of water in motion.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4942

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Vigorously, Freely

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'じゃんじゃん (じゃんじゃん)' is an onomatopoeic expression often used to describe doing something energetically, vigorously, or without hesitation. It can also imply doing something freely or generously. This word is colloquial and frequently used in casual conversations. For example: He spends money freely「彼はお金をじゃんじゃん使う」(かれはおかねをじゃんじゃんつかう). Let's work vigorously「じゃんじゃん働きましょう」(じゃんじゃんはたらきましょう). The nuance of 'じゃんじゃん' often conveys a sense of enthusiasm or abundance in the action being described.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4953

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cunning, Sly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'ずるがしこい (zurugashikoi)' describes someone who is sly or cunning, often in a clever or deceitful way. It carries a slightly negative connotation, implying that the person is crafty or manipulative. For example: he is sly「彼はずるがしこい」(かれはずるがしこい). The fox is cunning「その狐はずるがしこい」(そのきつねはずるがしこい). This word is often used to describe people or animals who use cleverness to achieve their goals, sometimes at the expense of others.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

4979

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Luxury, Extravagance

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'ぜいたく (zeitaku)' refers to luxury or extravagance. It describes something that is indulgent, lavish, or beyond what is necessary. This word often carries a nuance of excess or wastefulness, and it can be used in both positive and negative contexts depending on the situation. For example: Living in luxury is nice, but it's not necessary「ぜいたくに暮らすのはいいけど、必要じゃない」(ぜいたくにくらすのはいいけど、ひつようじゃない). Don't be so extravagant with your money「お金をぜいたくに使わないで」(おかねをぜいたくにつかわないで). The word can also describe actions or behaviors that are overly indulgent, such as spending too much on unnecessary items.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

4996

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suddenly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'がくんと' describes a sudden, abrupt, or noticeable movement or change, often implying a physical or emotional jolt. It is commonly used to depict actions like tilting, leaning, or dropping suddenly, or to describe a sudden emotional shift. For example: The train suddenly tilted「電車ががくんと傾いた」(でんしゃががくんとかたむいた). His head dropped suddenly「彼の頭ががくんと下がった」(かれのあたまががくんとさがった). It can also describe a sudden emotional reaction, such as feeling shocked or overwhelmed: My heart sank suddenly「胸ががくんとした」(むねががくんとした).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

5007

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sparkle

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'きらりと (kirarito)' describes a brief, sparkling, or glimmering light. It is often used to depict something shining or reflecting light momentarily, such as a jewel, a star, or even a person's eyes. This word carries a poetic nuance and is frequently used in literary or descriptive contexts. Example sentences: The diamond sparkled「ダイヤモンドがきらりと光った」(ダイヤモンドがきらりとかがやいた). Her eyes sparkled with joy「彼女の目がきらりと輝いた」(かのじょのめがきらりとかがやいた).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

5021

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gulp

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ごくんと (ごくんと)' is an onomatopoeic expression that describes the sound or action of swallowing or gulping something down, often in one go. It is commonly used to depict drinking or eating quickly, especially in contexts like drinking water, medicine, or alcohol. For example: He gulped down the water「彼は水をごくんと飲んだ」(かれはみずをごくんとのんだ). She swallowed the medicine in one gulp「彼女は薬をごくんと飲み込んだ」(かのじょはくすりをごくんとのみこんだ). This word is often used in casual or descriptive contexts to emphasize the act of swallowing.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

5027

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Only

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ただ (ただ)' means 'only' or 'just'. It is used to emphasize that something is simple, plain, or without any additional conditions or complications. It often carries a nuance of something being free of charge or without any special effort. For example: It's just a joke「ただの冗談です」(ただのじょうだんです). This is free of charge「これはただです」(これはただです). The word can also imply a sense of humility or modesty, as in 'I just did what anyone would do'「ただ誰でもすることをしただけです」(ただだれでもすることをしただけです).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

5063

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wow

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese interjection 'ほー (ほー)' is an exclamation used to express surprise, admiration, or interest. It is often used when someone is impressed by something or learns something new. This interjection is informal and can be used in casual conversations. For example: Wow, that's amazing!「ほー、すごいね！」(ほー、すごいね！). Wow, I didn't know that!「ほー、知らなかった！」(ほー、しらなかった！). The tone and context in which 'ほー' is used can convey different levels of surprise or interest, making it a versatile expression in everyday Japanese.

Part Of Speech

interjection

Frequency

5065

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sing

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'うたう' means 'to sing'. It is used to describe the action of producing musical sounds with the voice. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as singing a song, singing in a choir, or even metaphorically describing something that resembles singing. For example: She sings beautifully「彼女は美しく歌う」(かのじょはうつくしくうたう). I will sing a song at the concert「コンサートで歌を歌います」(コンサートでうたをうたいます). The birds are singing in the morning「鳥たちが朝に歌っている」(とりたちがあさにうたっている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

5074

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Most

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'もっとも' means 'most'. It is used to indicate the highest degree or extent of something. This word is often used in comparisons or to emphasize a particular quality. For example: This is the most important thing「これがもっとも大切なことです」(これがもっともたいせつなことです). She is the most beautiful person I know「彼女は私が知っている中でもっとも美しい人です」(かのじょはわたしがしっているなかでもっともうつくしいひとです). It's important to note that 'もっとも' can also function as an adverb, modifying verbs or other adjectives to indicate the highest degree.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

5075

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Each

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'それぞれ (それぞれ)' means 'each' or 'respectively'. It is used to indicate that things or people are considered individually or separately, often emphasizing differences or unique characteristics. For example: Each person has their own opinion「それぞれの人が自分の意見を持っている」(それぞれのひとがじぶんのいけんをもっている). The students went to their respective homes「学生たちはそれぞれの家に帰った」(がくせいたちはそれぞれのいえにかえった). This word is commonly used in contexts where individuality or distinctiveness is highlighted.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

5131

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pot, Pressure point

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'つぼ (tsubo)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning refers to a 'pot', typically a small container used for holding liquids, plants, or other items. For example: This pot is beautiful「このつぼはきれいです」(このつぼはきれいです). The second meaning refers to a 'pressure point' in the context of traditional medicine or martial arts, which are specific points on the body believed to have therapeutic or strategic significance. For example: He knows all the pressure points「彼はすべてのつぼを知っている」(かれはすべてのつぼをしっている). The context in which 'つぼ' is used will determine which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5144

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Point, Stab

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'さす' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to stab' or 'to pierce', which refers to the action of thrusting a sharp object into something. For example: he stabbed the knife into the apple「彼はリンゴにナイフをさした」(かれはりんごにないふをさした). The second meaning is 'to point' or 'to indicate', which refers to directing attention or indicating a direction. For example: she pointed to the map「彼女は地図をさした」(かのじょはちずをさした). The context in which 'さす' is used will determine which meaning is intended. It's important to note that the verb can be used both literally and figuratively, depending on the situation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

5147

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beard

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ひげ' refers to facial hair, specifically a beard or mustache. It is commonly used to describe the hair that grows on a person's face, particularly on the chin, cheeks, or upper lip. For example: He has a long beard「彼は長いひげを生やしている」(かれはながいひげをはやしている). My father shaves his beard every morning「父は毎朝ひげを剃る」(ちちはまいあさひげをそる). The word can also be used metaphorically or humorously in certain contexts, such as describing the 'whiskers' of an animal or even the 'beard' of a plant, like corn silk.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5170

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Perhaps

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ひょっと' (hyotto) is used to express a sense of uncertainty or possibility, often translated as 'perhaps' or 'maybe'. It is commonly used in casual conversation to suggest that something might happen or be true, but without certainty. For example: perhaps it will rain tomorrow「ひょっとしたら明日は雨が降るかもしれない」(ひょっとしたらあしたはあめがふるかもしれない). Maybe he forgot「ひょっとすると彼は忘れたのかもしれない」(ひょっとするとかれはわすれたのかもしれない). The adverb can also be used in the phrase 'ひょっとしたら' (hyotto shitara), which adds a stronger sense of speculation, similar to 'by any chance' or 'it might be that'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

5195

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Add, Hold

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'くわえる' (kuwaeru) has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to add', which refers to including something extra or supplementary. For example: add sugar to the tea「お茶に砂糖をくわえる」(おちゃにさとうをくわえる). The second meaning is 'to hold in the mouth', often used when an animal or person holds something gently between their teeth or lips. For example: the dog holds the bone in its mouth「犬が骨をくわえている」(いぬがほねをくわえている). The context will usually clarify which meaning is intended, as they are distinct in usage.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

5227

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wow

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese interjection 'わー (わー)' is an exclamation used to express surprise, amazement, or excitement. It is often used in casual conversations and can be written in hiragana as 'わー' or with an elongated vowel as 'わあ'. This interjection is similar to the English 'wow' or 'whoa'. For example: Wow, that's amazing!「わー、すごい！」(わー、すごい！). Whoa, look at that!「わー、見て！」(わー、みて！). The tone and context in which 'わー' is used can convey different levels of surprise or enthusiasm.

Part Of Speech

interjection

Frequency

5267

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting