Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Kanji JLPT Level

word

Meaning

See off

Reading

Kanji

見See 送Send

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見送る (みおくる)' primarily means 'to see someone off'. It is commonly used when someone is leaving, such as at a train station, airport, or even when someone is departing after a visit. It conveys the act of accompanying someone to their point of departure and bidding them farewell. For example: I saw my friend off at the station「友達を駅で見送った」(ともだちをえきでみおくった). She saw her son off to school「彼女は息子を学校に見送った」(かのじょはむすこをがっこうにみおくった). Additionally, '見送る' can also mean 'to postpone' or 'to hold off on something', such as delaying a decision or action. For example: The company decided to postpone the project「会社はそのプロジェクトを見送ることにした」(かいしゃはそのプロジェクトをみおくることにした).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5574

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Outskirts

Reading

Kanji

町Town 外Outside

Explanation

The Japanese noun '町外れ (まちはずれ)' refers to the outskirts or edge of a town. It is used to describe areas that are on the periphery of a town or city, often less populated or developed compared to the central areas. For example: The park is on the outskirts of town「公園は町外れにある」(こうえんはまちはずれにある). They built a new factory on the outskirts「彼らは町外れに新しい工場を建てた」(かれらはまちはずれにあたらしいこうじょうをたてた). This term is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to describe locations that are away from the main part of a town.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5575

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Town center

Reading

Kanji

町Town 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese noun '町中 (まちなか)' refers to the central or main part of a town or city, often implying a bustling area with shops, businesses, and activity. It is commonly used to describe the lively or populated areas of a town, as opposed to quieter residential or rural areas. For example: The town center is crowded「町中は混雑している」(まちなかはこんざつしている). I walked around the town center「町中を歩いた」(まちなかをあるいた). This term is often used in contrast to '郊外 (こうがい)' (suburbs) or '田舎 (いなか)' (countryside).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5576

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Everyone

Reading

Kanji

一One 同Same

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一同 (いちどう)' means 'everyone' or 'all members of a group'. It is often used to refer to a collective group of people, such as in a meeting, event, or gathering. This term emphasizes the unity or collective nature of the group. For example: Everyone agreed「一同は賛成した」(いちどうはさんせいした). All members of the team gathered「チームの一同が集まった」(チームのいちどうがあつまった). It is a formal term and is commonly used in written or formal spoken contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5580

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Object

Reading

Kanji

物Thing 体Body

Explanation

The Japanese noun '物体 (ぶったい)' refers to a physical object or material entity. It is commonly used in scientific, technical, or formal contexts to describe tangible things that occupy space and have mass. For example: The object is moving「物体が動いている」(ぶったいがうごいている). This object is heavy「この物体は重い」(このぶったいはおもい). The word can also be used in philosophical discussions to distinguish physical entities from abstract concepts. It is neutral in tone and does not carry any specific emotional or cultural connotations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5586

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Actor

Reading

Kanji

仕Serve 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '仕手 (して)' primarily refers to an 'actor' in the context of traditional Japanese performing arts, such as Noh or Kabuki. It can also denote a key player or protagonist in a broader sense, including in business or strategic contexts. For example: The actor performed brilliantly「仕手の演技は素晴らしかった」(してのえんぎはすばらしかった). He is the key player in this project「彼はこのプロジェクトの仕手だ」(かれはこのプロジェクトのしてだ). The term carries a nuanced implication of someone who takes an active and pivotal role in a situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5588

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Specialty

Reading

Kanji

名Name 物Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '名物 (めいぶつ)' refers to a local specialty or a famous product of a particular region. It is often used to describe food, crafts, or other items that are unique to a specific area and are well-known for their quality or cultural significance. For example: This is a local specialty「これは名物です」(これはめいぶつです). The famous dish of this region is a must-try「この地域の名物料理は必ず食べてください」(このちいきのめいぶつりょうりはかならずたべてください). The term can also be used more broadly to refer to anything that is characteristic or emblematic of a place.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5593

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Know it all

Reading

Kanji

物Thing 知Know

Explanation

The Japanese noun '物知り (ものしり)' refers to a person who is knowledgeable or well-informed, often to the point of being seen as a 'know-it-all'. This term can be used both positively and negatively, depending on the context. Positively, it can describe someone who is wise and well-read. Negatively, it can imply that someone is a show-off or overly pedantic. Example sentences: He is a know-it-all「彼は物知りだ」(かれはものしりだ). She knows everything about history「彼女は歴史について物知りだ」(かのじょはれきしについてものしりだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5594

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Remittance

Reading

Kanji

送Send 金Gold

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '送金 (そうきん)' refers to the act of sending money, typically through a bank or other financial institution. It is commonly used in contexts involving transferring funds to someone else, whether domestically or internationally. For example: I sent a remittance to my family「家族に送金しました」(かぞくにそうきんしました). The remittance fee is high「送金手数料が高い」(そうきんてすうりょうがたかい). This term is often used in business and personal finance contexts, and it implies a formal or official process of transferring money.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5611

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Belongings

Reading

Kanji

持Hold 物Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '持ち物 (もちもの)' refers to 'belongings' or 'personal items'. It is commonly used to describe things that a person carries with them or owns. This word is often used in contexts such as checking one's belongings, reminding someone to take their items, or discussing lost and found items. For example: Please check your belongings「持ち物を確認してください」(もちものをかくにんしてください). I forgot my belongings at the hotel「ホテルに持ち物を忘れました」(ホテルにもちものをわすれました). The word is neutral and can refer to any type of personal item, from bags and clothes to documents and gadgets.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5631

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Durability

Reading

Kanji

長Long, Leader 持Hold

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '長持ち (ながもち)' refers to the concept of something lasting a long time or having durability. It is often used to describe objects, relationships, or conditions that endure over time. For example: This product has great durability「この製品は長持ちする」(このせいひんはながもちする). Their friendship has lasted a long time「彼らの友情は長持ちしている」(かれらのゆうじょうはながもちしている). The word can also imply reliability or resilience, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5632

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Built

Reading

Kanji

建Build

Explanation

The Japanese verb '建つ (たつ)' means 'to be built' or 'to be erected'. It is used to describe the construction or establishment of buildings, structures, or monuments. This verb is often used in the passive sense, indicating that something has been built or is standing. For example: A new building was built「新しい建物が建った」(あたらしいたてものがたった). The temple stands on the hill「その寺は丘の上に建つ」(そのてらはおかのうえにたつ). Note that '建つ' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. The transitive counterpart, meaning 'to build', is '建てる (たてる)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5653

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strengthen

Reading

Kanji

強Strong

Explanation

The Japanese verb '強まる (つよまる)' means 'to strengthen' or 'to intensify'. It is used to describe a situation, feeling, or condition becoming stronger or more intense over time. This verb is often used in contexts where gradual or noticeable growth in intensity is observed. For example: The wind is strengthening「風が強まっている」(かぜがつよまっている). Her determination intensified「彼女の決意が強まった」(かのじょのけついがつよまった). Note that '強まる' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object and focuses on the subject's change in state.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5662

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Powerful, Reassuring

Reading

Kanji

力Power 強Strong

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '力強い (ちからづよい)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'powerful', referring to physical strength or force. For example: His punch is powerful「彼のパンチは力強い」(かれのパンチはちからづよい). The second meaning is 'reassuring', referring to something that provides emotional or mental strength, such as support or encouragement. For example: Her words were reassuring「彼女の言葉は力強かった」(かのじょのことばはちからづよかった). This word is often used to describe both physical and emotional contexts, making it versatile in usage.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5668

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Confident, Bullish

Reading

Kanji

強Strong 気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '強気 (つよき)' primarily means 'confident' or 'bullish'. It is often used to describe a person's attitude or demeanor, indicating that they are assertive, bold, or optimistic. In financial contexts, it can describe a market trend that is expected to rise, hence the meaning 'bullish'. For example: He is very confident about the future「彼は将来について強気だ」(かれはしょうらいについてつよきだ). The market is bullish「市場は強気だ」(しじょうはつよきだ). This term is commonly used in both personal and professional settings to convey a strong, positive outlook.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5669

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Learn

Reading

Kanji

見See 習Learn

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見習う (みならう)' means 'to learn by observing or following someone's example'. It is often used when someone is trying to acquire skills or knowledge by closely watching and imitating a more experienced person. This verb carries a nuance of respect and admiration for the person being observed. For example: I want to learn from my teacher「先生を見習いたい」(せんせいをみならいたい). He learned how to cook by watching his mother「彼は母親を見習って料理を覚えた」(かれはははおやをみならってりょうりをおぼえた). The verb can also imply a sense of apprenticeship or mentorship, where the learner is expected to follow the methods and practices of the person they are observing.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5690

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Goods

Reading

Kanji

品Product 物Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '品物 (しなもの)' refers to 'goods' or 'items'. It is commonly used to describe physical objects or merchandise, often in the context of shopping, trade, or quality evaluation. For example: These goods are high quality「この品物は質が高い」(このしなものはしつがたかい). I bought some goods at the store「店で品物を買いました」(みせでしなものをかいました). The word can also imply a sense of value or worth, depending on the context. It is neutral in tone and can be used in both formal and casual settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5695

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

China, Han

Reading

Kanji

漢China

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun '漢 (かん)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning refers to 'China', particularly in historical or cultural contexts, such as the Han dynasty or Chinese civilization. The second meaning refers to 'Han', which can denote the Han Chinese ethnic group or the Han dynasty. Example sentences: The influence of Han culture is profound「漢の文化の影響は深い」(かんのぶんかのえいきょうはふかい). The Han dynasty was a significant period in history「漢の時代は歴史的に重要な時期だった」(かんのじだいはれきしてきにじゅうようなじきだった).

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5701

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Entrance exam

Reading

Kanji

入Enter 試Try, Attempt

Explanation

The Japanese noun '入試 (にゅうし)' refers to an 'entrance examination'. This term is commonly used in the context of education, specifically for exams that students must take to gain admission to schools, universities, or other educational institutions. For example: I am studying for the entrance exam「私は入試の勉強をしています」(わたしはにゅうしのべんきょうをしています). The entrance exam is next week「入試は来週です」(にゅうしはらいしゅうです). It is a crucial step in the Japanese education system and often carries significant weight in determining a student's future academic path.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5704

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Test

Reading

Kanji

試Try, Attempt

Explanation

The Japanese noun '試し (ためし)' means 'test' or 'trial'. It refers to the act of trying something out to see how it works or to evaluate its quality. This word is often used in contexts where someone is experimenting or attempting something for the first time. For example: Let's give it a try「試しにやってみよう」(ためしにやってみよう). I tried the new recipe「新しいレシピを試しに作った」(あたらしいレシピをためしにつくった). The word can also imply a sense of curiosity or exploration, as in testing the limits or possibilities of something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5705

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Experience

Reading

Kanji

体Body 験Test

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '体験 (たいけん)' means 'experience'. It refers to the act of experiencing something firsthand or gaining knowledge through direct involvement. This word is often used in contexts where someone tries or undergoes something new, such as activities, events, or situations. For example: I want to experience Japanese culture「日本の文化を体験したい」(にほんのぶんかをたいけんしたい). He experienced a lot during his trip「彼は旅行中にたくさんのことを体験した」(かれはりょこうちゅうにたくさんのことをたいけんした). The word can also be used in educational or professional settings to describe hands-on learning or practical training, such as '体験学習 (たいけんがくしゅう) (experiential learning)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5706

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wholesaler

Reading

Kanji

問Question, Problem 屋Shop, Roof

Explanation

The Japanese noun '問屋 (とんや)' refers to a 'wholesaler', which is a business that sells goods in large quantities to retailers rather than directly to consumers. This term is often used in the context of traditional Japanese commerce, where wholesalers play a crucial role in the distribution chain. For example: The wholesaler delivered the goods「問屋が商品を届けた」(とんやがしょうひんをとどけた). We bought these items from a wholesaler「これらの商品を問屋から買いました」(これらのしょうひんをとんやからかいました). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe someone who deals with a large quantity of something, such as information or tasks.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5710

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Title

Reading

Kanji

題Topic 名Name

Explanation

The Japanese noun '題名 (だいめい)' refers to the 'title' of a book, movie, song, or any other work. It is commonly used in contexts where the name or label of a creative work is being discussed. For example: What is the title of this book?「この本の題名は何ですか？」(このほんのだいめいはなんですか？). The title of the movie is interesting「その映画の題名は面白い」(そのえいがのだいめいはおもしろい). This word is neutral in tone and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5714

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dojo

Reading

Kanji

道Way 場Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '道場 (どうじょう)' refers to a 'dojo', which is a training hall or space for practicing martial arts, meditation, or other disciplines. It is commonly associated with traditional Japanese martial arts like judo, karate, or kendo. For example: I practice karate at the dojo「私は道場で空手を練習します」(わたしはどうじょうでからてをれんしゅうします). The dojo is quiet in the morning「道場は朝静かです」(どうじょうはあさしずかです). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe a place of rigorous training or learning in any field.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5759

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

End, Dawn

Reading

Kanji

明Bright

Explanation

The Japanese verb '明ける (あける)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'dawn', referring to the beginning of a new day. For example: The day dawned「夜が明けた」(よるがあけた). The second meaning is 'end', often used to indicate the conclusion of a period of time, such as a season or an event. For example: The rainy season has ended「梅雨が明けた」(つゆがあけた). It's important to note that this verb is often used in contexts related to time and seasons, and its meaning can vary depending on the context in which it is used.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5771

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Photograph

Reading

Kanji

写Copy, Photograph

Explanation

The Japanese verb '写る (うつる)' means 'to be photographed' or 'to appear in a photo'. It is used when describing something or someone that is captured in a photograph. This verb is often used in passive contexts, where the subject is the one being photographed. For example: I was photographed「私が写った」(わたしがうつった). The mountain appears in the photo「山が写真に写る」(やまがしゃしんにうつる). Note that this verb is intransitive, meaning it does not take a direct object. The focus is on the subject being captured in the photo rather than the act of taking the photo itself.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5893

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Swimsuit

Reading

Kanji

水Water 着Arrive, Wear

Explanation

The Japanese noun '水着 (みずぎ)' refers to a 'swimsuit' or 'bathing suit'. It is commonly used when talking about clothing worn for swimming or beach activities. The word is a combination of '水 (みず)', meaning 'water', and '着 (ぎ)', meaning 'clothing'. It is a neutral term and can refer to both men's and women's swimwear. Example sentences: I bought a new swimsuit「新しい水着を買いました」(あたらしいみずぎをかいました). She is wearing a red swimsuit「彼女は赤い水着を着ています」(かのじょはあかいみずぎをきています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5916

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Neutrality

Reading

Kanji

中Center 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '中立 (ちゅうりつ)' means 'neutrality'. It refers to the state of not supporting or helping either side in a conflict, disagreement, or competition. This term is often used in political, social, or ethical contexts to describe a position of impartiality. For example: The country maintained neutrality during the war「その国は戦争中に中立を保った」(そのくにはせんそうちゅうにちゅうりつをたもった). The committee took a neutral stance「委員会は中立の立場を取った」(いいんかいはちゅうりつのたちばをとった). It can also be used in everyday situations to describe a balanced or unbiased approach.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5917

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Evening rain

Reading

Kanji

夕Evening 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夕立 (ゆうだち)' refers to a sudden, brief rain shower that typically occurs in the late afternoon or early evening, especially during the summer. This phenomenon is often associated with warm weather and can be quite refreshing. Example sentences: The evening rain cooled the air「夕立が空気を冷やした」(ゆうだちがくうきをひやした). We got caught in the evening rain「私たちは夕立にあった」(わたしたちはゆうだちにあった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5921

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Misfortune

Reading

Kanji

不Not 運Fortune

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不運 (ふうん)' means 'misfortune'. It is used to describe a state of bad luck or unfortunate circumstances. This word can be used to describe events, situations, or even a person's fate. For example: it was a misfortune「不運だった」(ふうんだった). He had a streak of misfortune「彼は不運が続いた」(かれはふうんがつづいた). The word can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as 'the misfortune of war'「戦争の不運」(せんそうのふうん). Note that '不運' is often used in formal or literary contexts, and it carries a slightly more serious tone than other words for bad luck, such as '運が悪い (うんがわるい)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5939

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Power, Motive force

Reading

Kanji

動Move 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese noun '動力 (どうりょく)' refers to 'power' or 'motive force', typically in the context of mechanical or physical energy that drives movement or operation. It is often used in technical or industrial contexts to describe the energy source that makes machinery or vehicles function. For example: The car's power comes from its engine「車の動力はエンジンから来る」(くるまのどうりょくはエンジンからくる). This machine uses electric power「この機械は電気動力を使う」(このきかいはでんきどうりょくをつかう). Note that while 'power' is the most common translation, 'motive force' is used in more specific contexts to emphasize the driving energy behind movement.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5940

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dawn

Reading

Kanji

早Early, Fast 朝Morning

Explanation

The Japanese noun '早朝 (そうちょう)' refers to the early morning, specifically the time around dawn. It is used to describe the period shortly after sunrise or the very early hours of the morning. This word is often used in contexts related to schedules, routines, or events that occur early in the day. For example: I go jogging at dawn「早朝にジョギングをします」(そうちょうにジョギングをします). The meeting is scheduled for dawn「会議は早朝に予定されています」(かいぎはそうちょうによていされています). Note that '早朝' emphasizes the earliness of the time, often implying a quiet or serene atmosphere.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5941

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hasten

Reading

Kanji

早Early, Fast

Explanation

The Japanese verb '早める (はやめる)' means 'to hasten' or 'to speed up'. It is used to describe the action of making something happen sooner or faster than originally planned. This verb can be applied to various contexts, such as time, processes, or events. For example: I hastened the meeting「会議を早めた」(かいぎをはやめた). She hastened her steps「彼女は歩みを早めた」(かのじょはあゆみをはやめた). It's important to note that '早める' is often used when there is a deliberate action to accelerate something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5948

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rush, Premature

Reading

Kanji

早Early, Fast

Explanation

The Japanese verb '早まる (はやまる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to rush', which refers to acting hastily or without proper consideration. For example: Don't rush into a decision「早まって決断しないで」(はやまってけつだんしないで). The second meaning is 'to be premature', which refers to something happening too early or before the appropriate time. For example: The announcement was premature「その発表は早まった」(そのはっぴょうははやまった). This verb is often used in contexts where caution or timing is important, and it carries a nuance of acting or occurring inappropriately early.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5949

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Underwear

Reading

Kanji

下Down 着Arrive, Wear

Explanation

The Japanese noun '下着 (したぎ)' refers to 'underwear'. It is a general term used to describe clothing worn beneath outer garments, typically next to the skin. This includes items like bras, panties, undershirts, and boxers. The word is neutral and can be used in both formal and casual contexts. For example: I bought new underwear「新しい下着を買いました」(あたらしいしたぎをかいました). Please wash the underwear「下着を洗ってください」(したぎをあらってください). The term is commonly used in everyday conversations and is essential when discussing clothing or laundry.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5953

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beginning

Reading

Kanji

始Begin

Explanation

The Japanese noun '始まり (はじまり)' means 'beginning'. It refers to the start or commencement of something, such as an event, process, or period. This word is often used in both formal and informal contexts to describe the initial stage of something. For example: the beginning of the story「物語の始まり」(ものがたりのはじまり). The beginning of a new era「新しい時代の始まり」(あたらしいじだいのはじまり). It can also be used metaphorically, such as in 'the beginning of a journey'「旅の始まり」(たびのはじまり).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5957

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

New year

Reading

Kanji

年Year 始Begin

Explanation

The Japanese noun '年始 (ねんし)' refers to the beginning of the new year, typically encompassing the first few days or weeks of January. It is often associated with traditional celebrations, greetings, and customs. For example: I will visit my relatives at the beginning of the year「年始に親戚を訪ねます」(ねんしにしんせきをたずねます). The company holds a meeting at the start of the year「会社は年始に会議を開きます」(かいしゃはねんしにかいぎをひらきます). This term is commonly used in formal contexts and is distinct from '正月 (しょうがつ)', which specifically refers to the New Year's holiday period.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5959

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Limbs

Reading

Kanji

手Hand 足Foot, Sufficient

Explanation

The Japanese noun '手足 (てあし)' refers to the limbs of the body, specifically the arms and legs. It is a compound word combining '手 (て)' meaning 'hand' and '足 (あし)' meaning 'foot'. This term is often used in contexts related to physical movement, anatomy, or expressions involving the use of limbs. For example: He moved his limbs freely「彼は手足を自由に動かした」(かれはてあしをじゆうにうごかした). My limbs are tired from the workout「手足がトレーニングで疲れた」(てあしがとれーにんぐでつかれた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe someone's close aides or helpers, as in 'He is the boss's right-hand man'「彼は上司の手足だ」(かれはじょうしのてあしだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5961

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sale

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 売Sell

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発売 (はつばい)' refers to the act of releasing or putting something on sale, typically a product or item. It is commonly used in contexts such as the release of new products, books, games, or other goods. For example: The new game will go on sale next week「新しいゲームは来週発売されます」(あたらしいゲームはらいしゅうはつばいされます). This book was released last month「この本は先月発売されました」(このほんはせんげつはつばいされました). Note that '発売' often implies the initial release or launch of a product, rather than ongoing sales.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5968

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Private

Reading

Kanji

私Private, Me 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '私立 (しりつ)' means 'private'. This term is commonly used to describe institutions, particularly schools or universities, that are privately funded and operated, as opposed to public or government-run institutions. For example: I attend a private university「私は私立大学に通っています」(わたしはしりつだいがくにかよっています). This is a private school「これは私立の学校です」(これはしりつのがっこうです). The term can also be used more broadly to describe other privately owned or operated entities, but it is most frequently associated with educational institutions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5970

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Issue, Publication

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発行 (はっこう)' primarily means 'issue' or 'publication'. It is used to describe the act of issuing or publishing something, such as documents, books, stamps, or currency. For example: The bank issued new currency「銀行が新しい通貨を発行した」(ぎんこうがあたらしいつうかをはっこうした). The company published a new magazine「会社が新しい雑誌を発行した」(かいしゃがあたらしいざっしをはっこうした). This term is commonly used in formal or official contexts, such as in business, finance, or media.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5977

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Invention

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 明Bright

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発明 (はつめい)' means 'invention'. It refers to the act of creating or devising something new, such as a device, method, or process, that has not existed before. This word is often used in contexts related to technology, science, and creativity. For example: Edison's invention of the light bulb changed the world「エジソンの電球の発明は世界を変えた」(えじそんでんきゅうのはつめいはせかいをかえた). This new machine is a great invention「この新しい機械は素晴らしい発明だ」(このあたらしいきかいはすばらしいはつめいだ). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe innovative ideas or solutions.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5979

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Power generation

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 電Electricity

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発電 (はつでん)' refers to the generation of electricity or power. It is commonly used in contexts related to energy production, such as in power plants or renewable energy sources. For example: The power plant generates electricity「発電所が発電する」(はつでんしょがはつでんする). Solar panels generate power「太陽光パネルが発電する」(たいようこうパネルがはつでんする). This term is often used in technical or industrial discussions about energy.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5980

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Roll

Reading

Kanji

転Revolve

Explanation

The Japanese verb '転がる (ころがる)' means 'to roll'. This verb is used to describe the action of an object moving by turning over and over on a surface. It can be used for both intentional and unintentional rolling. For example: the ball rolled down the hill「ボールが丘を転がった」(ぼーるがおかをころがった). He rolled on the floor laughing「彼は床の上で転がって笑った」(かれはゆかのうえでころがってわらった). Additionally, '転がる' can also be used metaphorically to describe something being readily available or easily found, as in 'opportunities are rolling around'「チャンスが転がっている」(ちゃんすがころがっている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5991

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Blank paper

Reading

Kanji

白White 紙Paper

Explanation

The Japanese noun '白紙 (はくし)' literally means 'blank paper'. It is often used metaphorically to describe a situation or state that is 'blank' or 'unwritten', such as starting something from scratch or resetting a plan. For example: Let's start from a blank slate「白紙から始めましょう」(はくしからはじめましょう). The proposal was returned to a blank state「提案は白紙に戻された」(ていあんははくしにもどされた). This word can also refer to literal blank paper, as in: Please write on this blank paper「この白紙に書いてください」(このはくしにかいてください).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5993

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pronunciation

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 音Sound

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発音 (はつおん)' means 'pronunciation'. It refers to the way in which a word or language is spoken, including the sounds and intonation used. This term is often used in educational contexts, such as language learning, to discuss how to correctly say words. For example: Correct pronunciation is important「正しい発音は大切です」(ただしいはつおんはたいせつです). I practiced the pronunciation of this word「この単語の発音を練習しました」(このたんごのはつおんをれんしゅうしました). It can also be used in broader contexts, such as discussing the pronunciation of a particular dialect or accent.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5994

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sound

Reading

Kanji

物Thing 音Sound

Explanation

The Japanese noun '物音 (ものおと)' refers to a sound or noise, particularly one that is heard but not necessarily identified. It is often used to describe sounds that are noticed in a quiet environment, such as footsteps, rustling, or other faint noises. For example: I heard a strange sound「変な物音が聞こえた」(へんなものおとがきこえた). There was a sound from the next room「隣の部屋から物音がした」(となりのへやからものおとがした). This word is commonly used in contexts where the source of the sound is unknown or mysterious.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5995

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Easy, Comfort

Reading

Kanji

楽Music, Pleasure

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '楽 (らく)' can mean 'easy' or 'comfort', depending on the context. When used to mean 'easy', it describes something that requires little effort or is not difficult. For example: This work is easy「この仕事は楽だ」(このしごとはらくだ). When used to mean 'comfort', it refers to a state of physical or mental ease. For example: I feel comfortable here「ここは楽だ」(ここはらくだ). It is important to note that '楽' is often used in combination with other words to form compound expressions, such as '楽勝 (らくしょう)' (easy victory) or '楽観 (らっかん)' (optimism).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5997

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Main text

Reading

Kanji

本Book, Origin 文Sentence

Explanation

The Japanese noun '本文 (ほんぶん)' refers to the 'main text' or 'body of a text'. It is commonly used to describe the primary content of a document, book, article, or any written material, excluding elements like titles, footnotes, or appendices. For example: Please read the main text「本文を読んでください」(ほんぶんをよんでください). The main text of the book is very interesting「その本の本文はとても面白いです」(そのほんのほんぶんはとてもおもしろいです). This term is often used in academic, literary, or formal contexts to distinguish the core content from supplementary material.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6005

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Forefront

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 先Before, Previous

Explanation

The Japanese noun '真っ先 (まっさき)' refers to the very front or the very first in a sequence or order. It is often used to describe being at the forefront of an action or being the first to do something. For example: he was the first to volunteer「彼は真っ先に手を挙げた」(かれはまっさきにてをあげた). She ran to the front of the line「彼女は列の真っ先に走った」(かのじょはれつのまっさきにはしった). This word emphasizes being ahead of others in terms of time or position.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6019

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Midsummer

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 夏Summer

Explanation

The Japanese noun '真夏 (まなつ)' refers to the peak of summer, specifically the hottest part of the season. It is often used to describe the intense heat and typical weather conditions during this period. For example: The midsummer heat is unbearable「真夏の暑さは耐えられない」(まなつのあつさはたえられない). We went to the beach in midsummer「真夏に海に行った」(まなつにうみにいった). This word is commonly used in contexts related to weather, seasonal activities, or events that occur during the hottest part of summer.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6020

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Midnight

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 夜Night 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese noun '真夜中 (まよなか)' means 'midnight'. It refers to the middle of the night, specifically around 12:00 AM. This word is often used to describe the time when it is darkest and quietest. For example: I woke up at midnight「真夜中に目が覚めた」(まよなかにめがさめた). The party lasted until midnight「パーティーは真夜中まで続いた」(ぱーてぃーはまよなかまでつづいた). It can also be used metaphorically to describe a time of deep darkness or stillness, such as in literature or poetry.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6021

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sincerity

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 心Heart

Explanation

The Japanese noun '真心 (まごころ)' refers to 'sincerity' or 'genuine heart'. It conveys a deep sense of honesty, purity, and heartfelt emotion. This word is often used to describe actions or feelings that come from a place of true intention and goodwill, without any ulterior motives. For example: She accepted his sincerity「彼女は彼の真心を受け入れた」(かのじょはかれのまごころをうけいれた). His sincerity moved everyone「彼の真心はみんなを感動させた」(かれのまごころはみんなをかんどうさせた). The term is commonly used in contexts emphasizing genuine care, such as in relationships, art, or acts of kindness.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6024

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pink, Rose

Reading

Kanji

色Color

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ばら色 (ばらいろ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning refers to the color 'rose', which is a shade of pink. The second meaning refers to the color 'pink' itself. This word is often used to describe the color of flowers, particularly roses, or to describe something that is pink in color. For example: The sky is rose-colored at sunset「夕焼けの空はばら色だ」(ゆうやけのそらはばらいろだ). She is wearing a pink dress「彼女はばら色のドレスを着ている」(かのじょはばらいろのドレスをきている). It's important to note that 'ばら色' can be used both literally and metaphorically to describe something as being rosy or optimistic, such as in the phrase 'ばら色の未来' (ばらいろのみらい), which means 'a rosy future'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6026

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lightblue

Reading

Kanji

水Water 色Color

Explanation

The Japanese noun '水色 (みずいろ)' refers to the color 'light blue'. This color is often associated with the pale blue of water or the sky. It is commonly used in descriptions of objects, clothing, or nature. For example: She wore a light blue dress「彼女は水色のドレスを着ていた」(かのじょはみずいろのドレスをきていた). The sky is light blue today「今日の空は水色だ」(きょうのそらはみずいろだ). The word '水色' is a compound of '水 (みず)' meaning 'water' and '色 (いろ)' meaning 'color', emphasizing its connection to the color of water.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6027

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Academic

Reading

Kanji

学Learn 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese noun '学力 (がくりょく)' refers to 'academic ability' or 'scholastic aptitude'. It is used to describe a person's capacity to learn and perform in an educational setting, encompassing knowledge, skills, and intellectual capabilities. This term is often used in discussions about education, testing, and student performance. For example: His academic ability is high「彼の学力は高い」(かれのがくりょくはたかい). Improving academic ability is important「学力を向上させることは重要だ」(がくりょくをこうじょうさせることはじゅうようだ). The word is commonly used in contexts such as school evaluations, entrance exams, and educational policies.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6046

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Summer vacation

Reading

Kanji

夏Summer 休Rest

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夏休み (なつやすみ)' refers to 'summer vacation', a period of time during the summer when schools and some workplaces are closed, allowing people to take a break. This term is commonly used in Japan, where summer vacations are a significant part of the school calendar. For example: I went to the beach during summer vacation「夏休みに海に行きました」(なつやすみにうみにいきました). My summer vacation starts next week「私の夏休みは来週からです」(わたしのなつやすみはらいしゅうからです). The duration of 夏休み can vary, but it typically lasts for several weeks, often including the Obon festival period in mid-August.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6049

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Trip

Reading

Kanji

旅Travel

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '旅 (たび)' means 'trip' or 'journey'. It refers to traveling from one place to another, often for leisure, exploration, or personal reasons. This word is commonly used in contexts involving travel, such as vacations, pilgrimages, or long-distance journeys. For example: I went on a trip to Kyoto「京都に旅をした」(きょうとにたびをした). The journey was long「その旅は長かった」(そのたびはながかった). '旅' can also carry a deeper, metaphorical meaning, symbolizing life's journey or personal growth. It is often used in literature and poetry to evoke a sense of adventure or introspection.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6093

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lift

Reading

Kanji

持Hold 上Up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '持ち上げる (もちあげる)' means 'to lift' or 'to raise something up'. It is commonly used when physically picking up or elevating an object. For example: He lifted the box「彼は箱を持ち上げた」(かれははこをもちあげた). The crane lifted the heavy load「クレーンが重い荷物を持ち上げた」(クレーンがおもいにものをもちあげた). Additionally, '持ち上げる' can be used metaphorically to describe elevating someone's status or praising them excessively, as in: The media lifted him up as a hero「メディアは彼を英雄として持ち上げた」(メディアはかれをえいゆうとしてもちあげた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6122

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Western

Reading

Kanji

洋Ocean, Western style 風Wind, Style

Explanation

The Japanese noun '洋風 (ようふう)' refers to something that is in a Western style or influenced by Western culture. It is often used to describe architecture, food, clothing, or other cultural elements that have been adapted from Western traditions. For example: This house is built in a Western style「この家は洋風です」(このいえはようふうです). I like Western-style food「私は洋風の料理が好きです」(わたしはようふうのりょうりがすきです). The term is commonly used to contrast with traditional Japanese styles, such as '和風 (わふう)' which refers to Japanese-style.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6123

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Foreign film

Reading

Kanji

洋Ocean, Western style 画Picture

Explanation

The Japanese noun '洋画 (ようが)' refers to 'foreign films', particularly those from Western countries. It is commonly used to distinguish non-Japanese films from domestic Japanese films (邦画, ほうが). This term is often used in discussions about cinema, movie genres, or cultural comparisons. Example sentences: I enjoy watching foreign films「洋画を見るのが好きです」(ようがをみるのがすきです). This theater specializes in foreign films「この映画館は洋画専門です」(このえいがかんはようがせんもんです). Note that '洋画' specifically emphasizes the Western origin of the films, as '洋' refers to the West or Western culture.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6124

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Western food

Reading

Kanji

洋Ocean, Western style 食Eat, Food

Explanation

The Japanese noun '洋食 (ようしょく)' refers to 'Western-style food' or 'Western cuisine'. This term is used to describe dishes that originated in Western countries, such as Europe and America, and have been adapted to Japanese tastes. Examples include dishes like hamburgers, spaghetti, and curry rice. It is often contrasted with '和食 (わしょく)', which refers to traditional Japanese cuisine. Example sentences: I like Western food「洋食が好きです」(ようしょくがすきです). This restaurant serves Western food「このレストランは洋食を提供します」(このレストランはようしょくをていきょうします).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6126

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Western room

Reading

Kanji

洋Ocean, Western style 間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese noun '洋間 (ようま)' refers to a 'western-style room'. This term is used to describe a room in a Japanese home that is furnished and decorated in a Western style, as opposed to traditional Japanese-style rooms (和室, わしつ). Western-style rooms typically have features like beds, chairs, and tables, rather than tatami mats and futons. Example sentences: The western-style room is spacious「洋間は広いです」(ようまはひろいです). We use the western-style room as a living room「洋間をリビングルームとして使っています」(ようまをりびんぐるーむとしてつかっています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6127

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Western style

Reading

Kanji

洋Ocean, Western style 室Room

Explanation

The Japanese noun '洋室 (ようしつ)' refers to a 'western-style room'. This term is commonly used in Japan to describe rooms that are furnished or designed in a western manner, as opposed to traditional Japanese-style rooms (和室, わしつ). A typical 洋室 might include features like beds, chairs, and tables, rather than tatami mats and futons. For example: The hotel room is western-style「ホテルの部屋は洋室です」(ホテルのへやはようしつです). I prefer western-style rooms「私は洋室が好きです」(わたしはようしつがすきです). This term is often used in real estate listings or when discussing room layouts in Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6132

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Often

Reading

Kanji

度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '度々 (たびたび)' means 'often' or 'frequently'. It is used to describe actions or events that occur repeatedly or many times. This word carries a nuance of something happening multiple times, but not necessarily in a regular or predictable pattern. It is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. Example sentences: He often visits this café「彼は度々このカフェを訪れる」(かれはたびたびこのカフェをおとずれる). I often receive emails from her「私は度々彼女からメールをもらう」(わたしはたびたびかのじょからメールをもらう). Note that '度々' can sometimes imply a sense of recurrence that might be slightly unexpected or noteworthy.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6134

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exactly

Reading

Kanji

正Correct

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '正しく (まさしく)' means 'exactly' or 'precisely'. It is used to emphasize that something is undeniably true or correct. This word often carries a tone of certainty and is used to confirm or assert a statement. For example: That is exactly what I wanted「それは正しく私が欲しかったものだ」(それはまさしくわたしがほしかったものだ). He is precisely the person I was looking for「彼は正しく私が探していた人だ」(かれはまさしくわたしがさがしていたひとだ). Note that '正しく' is often used in formal or emphatic contexts to stress accuracy or correctness.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6136

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Parents

Reading

Kanji

父Father 兄Older brother

Explanation

The Japanese noun '父兄 (ふけい)' refers to 'parents' or 'guardians', particularly in the context of school or educational settings. It is often used to collectively refer to the parents or guardians of students, especially during school events or meetings. For example: The parents attended the meeting「父兄が会議に出席した」(ふけいがかいぎにしゅっせきした). The school sent a notice to the parents「学校が父兄に通知を送った」(がっこうがふけいにつうちをおくった). While '父兄' literally translates to 'fathers and older brothers', it is used more broadly to mean 'parents' in modern Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6145

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pedestrian

Reading

Kanji

歩Walk 行Go 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '歩行者 (ほこうしゃ)' refers to a 'pedestrian', someone who is walking, especially in a city or town. This term is commonly used in contexts related to traffic, safety, and urban planning. For example: Pedestrians should use the crosswalk「歩行者は横断歩道を使うべきです」(ほこうしゃはおうだんほどうをつかうべきです). The road is closed to vehicles but open to pedestrians「その道路は車両通行止めですが、歩行者は通行できます」(そのどうろはしゃりょうつうこうどめですが、ほこうしゃはつうこうできます). It is important to note that '歩行者' specifically refers to people walking, distinguishing them from drivers, cyclists, or other road users.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6150

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Literary scholar

Reading

Kanji

文Sentence 学Learn 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '文学者 (ぶんがくしゃ)' refers to a person who is a scholar or expert in literature. This term is used to describe individuals who study, analyze, and often write about literary works, including novels, poetry, and other forms of written art. A 文学者 may be a professor, critic, or author who specializes in the field of literature. Example sentences: He is a famous literary scholar「彼は有名な文学者です」(かれはゆうめいなぶんがくしゃです). She became a literary scholar after years of study「彼女は何年も勉強して文学者になりました」(かのじょはなんねんもべんきょうしてぶんがくしゃになりました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6151

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Early

Reading

Kanji

早Early, Fast

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '早め (はやめ)' means 'early' or 'ahead of time'. It is used to indicate that something is done earlier than the usual or expected time. This word is often used to suggest doing something in advance or preparing ahead. For example: Let's leave early「早めに出発しましょう」(はやめにしゅっぱつしましょう). I ate dinner early「早めに夕食を食べた」(はやめにゆうしょくをたべた). The nuance here is that the action is performed with a sense of being proactive or cautious, rather than waiting until the last moment.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6152

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Word

Reading

Kanji

言Say

Explanation

The Japanese noun '言 (げん)' means 'word'. It is often used in formal or literary contexts to refer to spoken or written words, and can also imply the act of speaking or expressing something. This term is commonly found in compound words or idiomatic expressions. For example: his words were powerful「彼の言は力強かった」(かれのげんはちからづよかった). The meaning of this word「この言の意味」(このげんのいみ). Note that '言' is less commonly used in everyday conversation compared to synonyms like '言葉 (ことば)', but it carries a more formal or poetic tone.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6154

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pedestrian zone

Reading

Kanji

歩Walk 行Go 者Someone 天Heaven 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese noun '歩行者天国 (ほこうしゃてんごく)' refers to a 'pedestrian zone' or 'pedestrian paradise,' where vehicles are prohibited, and the area is reserved exclusively for pedestrians. This term is often used to describe streets or areas in urban settings that are temporarily or permanently closed to traffic, allowing people to walk freely and safely. For example: The shopping street is a pedestrian zone on Sundays「日曜日にはその商店街は歩行者天国です」(にちようびにはそのしょうてんがいほこうしゃてんごくです). Let's go to the pedestrian zone「歩行者天国に行きましょう」(ほこうしゃてんごくにいきましょう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6157

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Person

Reading

Kanji

者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '者 (もの)' means 'person'. It is a formal or literary term used to refer to an individual, often in a general or abstract sense. It can also imply a person with a specific role or characteristic. For example: a wise person「賢い者」(かしこいもの). The person who did this「これをした者」(これをしたもの). Note that '者' is often used in written or formal contexts, and in spoken language, alternatives like '人 (ひと)' are more common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6158

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wide

Reading

Kanji

広Wide

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '広 (こう)' is derived from the kanji 広 and generally conveys the meaning of 'wide' or 'broad'. It is often used in compound words to indicate something expansive or extensive. For example, in the word '広場 (ひろば)', which means 'plaza' or 'open space', the prefix emphasizes the spaciousness of the area. Another example is '広告 (こうこく)', meaning 'advertisement', where the prefix suggests the broad dissemination of information. Example sentences: The park is wide「公園は広い」(こうえんはひろい). This advertisement is effective「この広告は効果的だ」(このこうこくはこうかてきだ).

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6168

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oneself

Reading

Kanji

自Self

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '自ら (みずから)' means 'oneself' or 'by oneself'. It emphasizes that the action is done by the person themselves, often implying a sense of personal initiative or responsibility. It can be used in various contexts, such as taking action, making decisions, or performing tasks without relying on others. For example: He himself apologized「彼は自ら謝った」(かれはみずからあやまった). She decided to do it herself「彼女は自らそれをすることに決めた」(かのじょはみずからそれをすることにきめた). The word carries a nuance of self-reliance and personal involvement.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6173

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Landlord

Reading

Kanji

家House 主Master

Explanation

The Japanese noun '家主 (やぬし)' refers to a 'landlord', the person who owns and rents out a property. This term is commonly used in contexts involving rental agreements, housing, or property management. For example: the landlord is strict「家主は厳しい」(やぬしはきびしい). I need to contact the landlord「家主に連絡する必要がある」(やぬしにれんらくするひつようがある). The word can also imply a sense of authority or responsibility over the property, and it is often used in formal or legal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6193

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dialogue

Reading

Kanji

問Question, Problem 答Answer

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '問答 (もんどう)' refers to a dialogue or discussion, typically involving questions and answers. It is often used to describe a formal or philosophical exchange of ideas, but can also be used in everyday contexts. For example: The teacher and student had a dialogue「先生と生徒が問答した」(せんせいとせいとがもんどうした). The politicians engaged in a heated discussion「政治家たちが激しい問答をした」(せいじかたちがはげしいもんどうをした). The word can also imply a back-and-forth exchange, sometimes with a sense of debate or argument.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6221

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Vast

Reading

Kanji

広Wide 大Big

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '広大 (こうだい)' means 'vast' and is used to describe something of immense size or scale, such as landscapes, areas, or abstract concepts like influence. It conveys a sense of grandeur and expansiveness. For example: The desert is vast「砂漠は広大だ」(さばくはこうだいだ). His influence is vast「彼の影響力は広大だ」(かれのえいきょうりょくはこうだいだ). This word is often used in formal or descriptive contexts to emphasize the sheer size or scope of something.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6222

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

True feelings

Reading

Kanji

本Book, Origin 音Sound

Explanation

The Japanese noun '本音 (ほんね)' refers to a person's true feelings or real intentions, as opposed to what they might say or show outwardly. It is often used in contrast to '建前 (たてまえ)', which refers to the facade or socially acceptable stance one might present. For example: He finally revealed his true feelings「彼はついに本音を言った」(かれはついにほんねをいった). It's hard to tell her true feelings「彼女の本音はわかりにくい」(かのじょのほんねはわかりにくい). The concept of '本音' is deeply rooted in Japanese culture, where maintaining harmony and avoiding conflict often leads to a distinction between what is said and what is truly felt.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6227

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Change

Reading

Kanji

転Revolve

Explanation

The Japanese verb '転ずる (てんずる)' means 'to change' or 'to shift'. It is often used to describe a transformation or transition from one state or condition to another. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as changing one's mind, shifting focus, or altering circumstances. For example: He changed his mind「彼は考えを転じた」(かれはかんがえをてんじた). The situation suddenly shifted「状況が急に転じた」(じょうきょうがきゅうにてんじた). Note that '転ずる' is a somewhat formal or literary verb, and in everyday conversation, simpler verbs like '変える (かえる)' or '変わる (かわる)' are more commonly used.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6229

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unique

Reading

Kanji

特Special 有Exist

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '特有 (とくゆう)' means 'unique' or 'peculiar to'. It is used to describe something that is characteristic or distinctive to a particular thing, place, or group. This adjective often implies that the characteristic is not found elsewhere or is specific to the subject being described. For example: This plant is unique to Japan「この植物は日本特有です」(このしょくぶつはにほんとくゆうです). The culture has its own unique customs「その文化には特有の習慣がある」(そのぶんかにはとくゆうのしゅうかんがある).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6231

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Particularly, Separately

Reading

Kanji

別Separate

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '別に (べつに)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'particularly' or 'especially', often used in negative contexts to downplay something. For example: I don't particularly care「別に気にしない」(べつにきにしない). The second meaning is 'separately' or 'apart', indicating something is distinct or independent. For example: These are handled separately「これらは別に扱われる」(これらはべつにあつかわれる). The nuance of '別に' often conveys a sense of indifference or distinction, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6232

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Farewell

Reading

Kanji

送Send 別Separate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '送別 (そうべつ)' refers to the act of seeing someone off or bidding them farewell, often used in the context of someone leaving a workplace, school, or community. It is commonly associated with formal or ceremonial farewells, such as farewell parties or events. For example: We held a farewell party for our colleague「私たちは同僚の送別会を開きました」(わたしたちはどうりょうのそうべつかいをひらきました). The school organized a farewell ceremony for the graduating students「学校は卒業生の送別式を行いました」(がっこうはそつぎょうせいのそうべつしきをおこないました). This term is often used in formal or professional settings and carries a sense of respect and formality.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6234

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Farewell

Reading

Kanji

送Send 別Separate 会Meet

Explanation

The Japanese noun '送別会 (そうべつかい)' refers to a 'farewell party' or 'send-off gathering'. It is a common social event held to bid farewell to someone who is leaving, such as a colleague transferring to another location, a friend moving abroad, or a student graduating. The event typically involves speeches, gifts, and sometimes entertainment to express good wishes for the person's future. For example: We held a farewell party for our teacher「先生の送別会を開きました」(せんせいのそうべつかいをひらきました). I attended a farewell party last night「昨夜、送別会に出席しました」(さくや、そうべつかいにしゅっせきしました). The term emphasizes the communal aspect of saying goodbye and is deeply rooted in Japanese social customs.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6235

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Home country

Reading

Kanji

自Self 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese noun '自国 (じこく)' refers to one's own country or homeland. It is often used in contexts where someone is comparing or discussing their own country in relation to others. For example: I love my homecountry「私は自国が大好きです」(わたしはじこくがだいすきです). The policies of my homecountry are strict「自国の政策は厳しい」(じこくのせいさくはきびしい). This term is commonly used in formal or political discussions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6259

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Effort

Reading

Kanji

手Hand 間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese noun '手間 (てま)' refers to the time, effort, or labor required to complete a task. It often implies that the task is time-consuming or requires careful attention. This word is commonly used in contexts where the speaker wants to emphasize the amount of work or effort involved. For example: Cooking this dish takes a lot of effort「この料理は手間がかかる」(このりょうりはてまがかかる). I don't want to spend too much effort on this「これに手間をかけたくない」(これにてまをかけたくない). The word can also be used to describe tasks that are tedious or require patience, such as '手間のかかる仕事 (てまのかかるしごと) (time-consuming work)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6261

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hospital room

Reading

Kanji

病Illness 室Room

Explanation

The Japanese noun '病室 (びょうしつ)' refers to a 'hospital room' or 'sickroom'. It is used to describe a room in a hospital where patients stay for treatment or recovery. This word is commonly used in medical contexts or when discussing healthcare facilities. For example: The hospital room is quiet「病室は静かです」(びょうしつはしずかです). She is resting in her hospital room「彼女は病室で休んでいます」(かのじょはびょうしつでやすんでいます). The term emphasizes the specific function of the room as a space for medical care.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6294

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sick person

Reading

Kanji

病Illness 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '病人 (びょうにん)' refers to a 'sick person' or 'patient'. It is used to describe someone who is ill or suffering from a disease. This term is neutral and can be used in various contexts, such as in hospitals, at home, or in general conversation. For example: The sick person is resting「病人は休んでいます」(びょうにんはやすんでいます). We need to take care of the sick person「病人の世話をする必要があります」(びょうにんのせわをするひつようがあります). It is important to note that '病人' is a general term and does not specify the type or severity of the illness.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6295

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Illness, Death

Reading

Kanji

病Illness 死Death

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '病死 (びょうし)' refers to death caused by illness or disease. It is a compound of '病 (びょう)' meaning 'illness' and '死 (し)' meaning 'death'. This term is often used in medical or formal contexts to describe a person's passing due to sickness. For example: He died of illness「彼は病死した」(かれはびょうしした). Many people died from the epidemic「多くの人が伝染病で病死した」(おおくのひとがでんせんびょうでびょうしした). Note that '病死' specifically emphasizes the cause of death being an illness, distinguishing it from other causes like accidents or old age.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6300

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Borrowing

Reading

Kanji

借Borrow, Rent 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese noun '借り入れ (かりいれ)' refers to the act of borrowing, particularly in the context of money or loans. It is commonly used in financial or business settings to describe the process of obtaining funds from a lender. For example: The company secured a loan「会社は借り入れをした」(かいしゃはかりいれをした). He is considering borrowing money「彼は借り入れを考えている」(かれはかりいれをかんがえている). This term emphasizes the formal or contractual nature of borrowing, often involving repayment terms and interest.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6301

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Consent, Agreement

Reading

Kanji

同Same 意Idea

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '同意 (どうい)' primarily means 'consent' or 'agreement'. It refers to the act of giving permission or approval, or being in harmony with someone else's opinion or decision. This term is often used in formal or legal contexts, such as contracts or discussions. For example: I got his consent「彼の同意を得た」(かれのどういをえた). We reached an agreement「私たちは同意に達した」(わたしたちはどういにたっした). Note that '同意' can also imply mutual understanding or shared opinion, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6327

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Knowledge

Reading

Kanji

知Know

Explanation

The Japanese noun '知 (ち)' means 'knowledge'. It refers to the understanding, awareness, or information that one has about something. This word is often used in contexts related to wisdom, intellect, or learning. For example: He has a lot of knowledge「彼は知が多い」(かれはちがおおい). Knowledge is power「知は力なり」(ちはちからなり). The word can also appear in compound words, such as '知恵 (ちえ)' (wisdom) or '知識 (ちしき)' (knowledge/information). It is important to note that '知' is often used in formal or philosophical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6334

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Carelessness

Reading

Kanji

不Not 注Pour 意Idea

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不注意 (ふちゅうい)' means 'carelessness' or 'lack of attention'. It is used to describe a state of being inattentive or negligent, often leading to mistakes or accidents. This word is commonly used in contexts where someone fails to pay proper attention to details or safety. For example: His carelessness caused the accident「彼の不注意が事故を引き起こした」(かれのふちゅういがじこをひきおこした). She was scolded for her carelessness「彼女は不注意を叱られた」(かのじょはふちゅういをしかられた). The word can also be used to describe a general trait, as in '彼は不注意な人だ (かれはふちゅういなひとだ) (He is a careless person).'

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6340

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cheeky

Reading

Kanji

生Life 意Idea 気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '生意気 (なまいき)' means 'cheeky' or 'impertinent'. It is used to describe someone, often a younger person, who behaves in a way that is overly confident, arrogant, or disrespectful, especially when they lack the experience or status to justify such behavior. For example: That kid is so cheeky「あの子はとても生意気だ」(あのこはとてもなまいきだ). Don't be cheeky to your elders「年上に生意気なことを言うな」(としうえになまいきなことをいうな). The term carries a slightly negative connotation and is often used to scold or criticize someone for their attitude.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6341

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Footsteps

Reading

Kanji

足Foot, Sufficient 音Sound

Explanation

The Japanese noun '足音 (あしおと)' refers to the sound made by someone walking, specifically the sound of footsteps. It is commonly used to describe the auditory presence of someone approaching or moving nearby. For example: I heard footsteps in the hallway「廊下で足音が聞こえた」(ろうかであしおときこえた). The sound of footsteps grew louder「足音がだんだん大きくなった」(あしおとがだんだんおおきくなった). This word is often used in contexts where the sound of movement is significant, such as in suspenseful or quiet situations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6346

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Travel

Reading

Kanji

走Run 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese noun '走行 (そうこう)' refers to the act of traveling or moving, particularly by vehicle. It is commonly used in contexts related to driving, such as measuring the distance a vehicle has traveled or discussing the performance of a vehicle. For example: The car has traveled 10,000 kilometers「その車は10,000キロ走行した」(そのくるまは10,000キロそうこうした). The train's travel speed is high「その電車の走行速度は高い」(そのでんしゃのそうこうそくどはたかい). This term is often used in technical or formal contexts related to transportation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6365

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Feature, Characteristic

Reading

Kanji

特Special 色Color

Explanation

The Japanese noun '特色 (とくしょく)' refers to a distinctive feature or characteristic that sets something apart. It is often used to describe unique qualities of objects, places, or concepts. For example: The city's feature is its beautiful scenery「その街の特色は美しい景色です」(そのまちのとくしょくはうつくしいけしきです). This product's characteristic is its durability「この製品の特色は耐久性です」(このせいひんのとくしょくはたいきゅうせいです). The word is commonly used in formal or descriptive contexts to highlight what makes something special or different.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6367

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wrongdoing

Reading

Kanji

不Not 正Correct

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不正 (ふせい)' refers to 'wrongdoing' or 'unjust' behavior. It is often used to describe actions that are dishonest, illegal, or unethical. This term is commonly used in contexts such as fraud, corruption, or any form of misconduct. For example: He was involved in wrongdoing「彼は不正に関わっていた」(かれはふせいにかかわっていた). The company was accused of unjust practices「その会社は不正行為で告発された」(そのかいしゃはふせいこういでこくはつされた). The word can also be used to describe something that is incorrect or improper, such as '不正な方法 (ふせいなほうほう)' (improper method).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6406

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rebirth

Reading

Kanji

新New 生Life

Explanation

The Japanese noun '新生 (しんせい)' means 'rebirth' or 'new life'. It is often used to describe a fresh start, renewal, or the beginning of something new after a significant change or transformation. This word can be applied to various contexts, such as personal growth, organizational restructuring, or even natural phenomena. For example: The company experienced a rebirth after the merger「その会社は合併後に新生を迎えた」(そのかいしゃはがっぺいごにしんせいをむかえた). The forest showed signs of rebirth after the fire「火事の後、森は新生の兆しを見せた」(かじのあと、もりはしんせいのきざしをみせた). The word carries a positive connotation, emphasizing renewal and hope.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6427

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

What, Who

Reading

Kanji

何What 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '何者 (なにもの)' is used to inquire about someone's identity or nature. It can be translated as 'who' or 'what' depending on the context. This word is often used in questions to ask about the identity of a person or the nature of something. For example: Who are you?「あなたは何者ですか？」(あなたはなにものですか？). What kind of person is he?「彼は何者ですか？」(かれはなにものですか？). It is important to note that '何者' can carry a slightly formal or dramatic tone, and is often used in contexts where the speaker is questioning the true nature or identity of someone or something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6471

Composition

kanji

Handwriting