Page 3
kanji
培Meaning
Cultivate
Reading
kunyomiつちかtsuchika
onyomiばいbai
Parts
土Soil 咅Spit
Example Word
栽培: cultivation. The Japanese verbal noun '栽培 (さいばい)' means 'cultivation'. It refers to the process of growing and nurturing plants, crops, or other agricultural products. This term is commonly used in contexts related to farming, gardening, or horticulture. For example: The cultivation of rice is important in Japan「米の栽培は日本で重要です」(こめのさいばいはにほんでじゅうようです). They are cultivating vegetables in the garden「彼らは庭で野菜を栽培しています」(かれらはにわでやさいをさいばいしています). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe the nurturing or development of skills, ideas, or relationships, though this usage is less common.
Radical
土
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N1Grade
9Frequency
2011
Handwriting
kanji
剰Meaning
Surplus
Reading
kunyomiあまama
あまつさえamatsusae
onyomiじょうjou
Parts
乗Ride 刂Sword (刀)
Example Word
過剰: excess. The Japanese noun '過剰 (かじょう)' means 'excess'. It refers to an amount or degree that is more than necessary, appropriate, or desirable. This word is often used in contexts related to overproduction, overconsumption, or excessive behavior. For example: The factory produced an excess of goods「工場は過剰な商品を生産した」(こうじょうはかじょうなしょうひんをせいさんした). His excessive worry is causing stress「彼の過剰な心配がストレスを引き起こしている」(かれのかじょうなしんぱいがすとれすをひきおこしている). The term can also be used in medical or scientific contexts to describe an overabundance of something, such as hormones or nutrients.
Radical
刀
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N1Grade
9Frequency
2012
Handwriting
kanji
販Meaning
Sell
Reading
onyomiはんhan
Parts
貝Shellfish 反Anti
Example Word
市販: retail. The Japanese noun '市販 (しはん)' refers to products or goods that are sold commercially, typically in retail stores or through general distribution channels. It is often used to describe items that are widely available to the public, as opposed to custom-made or specialized products. For example: This medicine is available over-the-counter「この薬は市販されています」(このくすりはしはんされています). I bought a retail version of the software「市販のソフトウェアを買いました」(しはんのソフトウェアをかいました). The term can also imply that something is mass-produced and accessible to the general consumer market.
Radical
貝
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N2Grade
7Frequency
2028
Handwriting
kanji
逮Meaning
Catch up with, Apprehend
Reading
onyomiたいtai
Parts
⻌Walk 隶
Example Word
逮捕: arrest. The Japanese verbal noun '逮捕 (たいほ)' means 'arrest'. It refers to the act of taking someone into custody by legal authority, typically in the context of law enforcement. This term is commonly used in legal, news, and everyday contexts when discussing criminal activities or police actions. For example: The police made an arrest「警察が逮捕した」(けいさつがたいほした). He was arrested for theft「彼は窃盗で逮捕された」(かれはせっとうでたいほされた). Note that '逮捕' is often used in formal or serious contexts and is not typically used in casual conversation.
Radical
辵
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N1Grade
8Frequency
2029
Handwriting
kanji
訟Meaning
Sue, Litigate
Reading
onyomiしょうshou
Parts
訁Say (言)公Public
Example Word
訴訟: lawsuit. The Japanese noun '訴訟 (そしょう)' refers to a 'lawsuit' or 'legal action'. It is used in the context of legal disputes where one party takes another to court to resolve a conflict. This term is commonly used in legal, business, and personal contexts. For example: He filed a lawsuit「彼は訴訟を起こした」(かれはそしょうをおこした). The company is involved in a lawsuit「その会社は訴訟に関わっている」(そのかいしゃはそしょうにかかわっている). The word can also appear in compound terms like '民事訴訟 (みんじそしょう)' (civil lawsuit) or '刑事訴訟 (けいじそしょう)' (criminal lawsuit).
Radical
言
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N1Grade
9Frequency
2035
Handwriting
kanji
蛍Meaning
Firefly
Reading
kunyomiほたるhotaru
onyomiけいkei
Parts
⺍Small 冖Crown 虫Insect
Example Word
蛍光灯: lamp or fluorescent. The Japanese noun '蛍光灯 (けいこうとう)' refers to a 'fluorescent lamp'. This term is commonly used to describe the type of lighting that uses fluorescence to produce visible light. It is often found in offices, schools, and homes due to its energy efficiency. For example: The fluorescent lamp is bright「蛍光灯が明るい」(けいこうとうがあかるい). I replaced the fluorescent lamp「蛍光灯を交換した」(けいこうとうをこうかんした). Note that while '蛍光灯' specifically refers to fluorescent lamps, it can sometimes be shortened to just '蛍光灯' in casual conversation, but the full term is more precise.
Radical
虫
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N1Grade
9Frequency
2048
Handwriting
kanji
票Meaning
Vote, Ballot
Reading
onyomiひょうhyou
Parts
覀 示Show, Indicate
Example Word
投票: voting. The Japanese verbal noun '投票 (とうひょう)' means 'voting'. It refers to the act of casting a vote, typically in an election or decision-making process. This word is commonly used in contexts related to elections, referendums, or any situation where a formal decision is made through votes. For example: I will participate in the voting「私は投票に参加します」(わたしはとうひょうにさんかします). The voting results were announced「投票結果が発表された」(とうひょうけっ かがはっぴょうされた). It is important to note that '投票' is often used in formal or official contexts and is a key term in discussions about democracy and governance.
Radical
示
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N1Grade
4Frequency
2054
Handwriting