Jōyō KanjiOrganized by School Grade

kanji

Meaning

Target

Reading

Parts

白White

Example Word

合理的: rational. The Japanese adjective '合理的 (ごうりてき)' means 'rational' or 'logical'. It is used to describe something that is based on reason, logic, or efficiency. This word is often used in contexts where decisions, systems, or methods are being evaluated for their practicality or logical soundness. For example: His approach is very rational「彼のアプローチはとても合理的だ」(かれのアプローチはとてもごうりてきだ). This system is designed to be rational「このシステムは合理的に設計されている」(このシステムはごうりてきにせっけいされている). The term can also imply efficiency or being well-organized, as in '合理的な計画 (ごうりてきなけいかく) (rational plan)'.

Radical

白

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

42

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Nothing

Reading

Example Word

無邪気: innocent. The Japanese adjectival noun '無邪気 (むじゃき)' means 'innocent' and is used to describe someone who is pure, naive, or free from malice. It often conveys a sense of childlike simplicity or lack of guile. For example: She has an innocent smile「彼女は無邪気な笑顔をしている」(かのじょはむじゃきなえがおをしている). Children are naturally innocent「子供は無邪気だ」(こどもはむじゃきだ). This word is commonly used to describe behavior, expressions, or attitudes that are free from deceit or ulterior motives.

Radical

火

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

52

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Not

Reading

Example Word

不可欠: essential. The Japanese adjectival noun '不可欠 (ふかけつ)' means 'essential' or 'indispensable'. It is used to describe something that is absolutely necessary or cannot be done without. This term is often used in formal or academic contexts to emphasize the importance of a particular element. For example: Sleep is essential for health「睡眠は健康に不可欠です」(すいみんはけんこうにふかけつです). Teamwork is indispensable for success「チームワークは成功に不可欠だ」(チームワークはせいこうにふかけつだ). Note that '不可欠' is often followed by particles like 'に' or 'な' to modify nouns, as in '不可欠な要素 (ふかけつなようそ) (essential element)'.

Radical

一

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

61

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sort of thing, In that case

Reading

Parts

火Fire 肰

Example Word

然し: but. The Japanese conjunction '然し (しかし)' means 'but' and is used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or contradicts what has been said previously. It is a formal and slightly literary way of expressing contrast, often used in written language or formal speech. For example: I wanted to go, but I couldn't「行きたかったが、しかし行けなかった」(いきたかったが、しかしいけなかった). He is young, but very talented「彼は若いが、しかしとても才能がある」(かれはわかいが、しかしとてもさいのうがある). Note that 'しかし' can sometimes be replaced with the more casual 'でも' in informal contexts.

Radical

火

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

73

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

By means of

Reading

Example Word

以下: below or less. The Japanese noun '以下 (いか)' is used to indicate something that is 'below' or 'less than' a certain threshold, limit, or reference point. It is often used in contexts involving rankings, quantities, or standards. For example: children aged 10 and below「10歳以下の子供」(じゅっさいいかのこども). The temperature is below freezing「温度は氷点以下です」(おんどはひょうてんいかです). Note that '以下' can also imply 'inferior' or 'not exceeding' in certain contexts, such as in quality or performance.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

128

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Man, Husband

Reading

Parts

人Person 二Two

Example Word

大丈夫: okay. The Japanese adjectival noun '大丈夫 (だいじょうぶ)' means 'okay' or 'all right'. It is commonly used to express that something is fine, safe, or not a problem. It can also be used to reassure someone or to confirm that everything is going well. For example: Are you okay?「大丈夫ですか？」(だいじょうぶですか？). It's okay, don't worry「大丈夫、心配しないで」(だいじょうぶ、しんぱいしないで). This word is versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as checking on someone's well-being, confirming the safety of a situation, or reassuring someone about a potential concern.

Radical

大

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

133

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Acquire

Reading

Parts

彳Stop 㝵

Example Word

説得: persuasion. The Japanese verbal noun '説得 (せっとく)' means 'persuasion'. It refers to the act of convincing someone to agree with or accept a particular idea, opinion, or course of action. This term is often used in contexts where one person is trying to influence another's thoughts or decisions. For example: His persuasion was successful「彼の説得は成功した」(かれのせっとくはせいこうした). I tried persuasion but it didn't work「説得を試みたがうまくいかなかった」(せっとくをこころみたがうまくいかなかった). The word can also be used in more formal or serious situations, such as legal or business negotiations.

Radical

彳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

139

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Laugh

Reading

Parts

⺮Bamboo (竹)禾Cereal

Example Word

微笑: smile. The Japanese noun '微笑 (びしょう)' refers to a 'smile', particularly a gentle or faint smile. It is often used in formal or literary contexts to describe a subtle, soft, or serene expression. For example: Her smile was gentle「彼女の微笑は優しかった」(かのじょのびしょうはやさしかった). The painting captured a faint smile「その絵はかすかな微笑をとらえていた」(そのえはかすかなびしょうをとらえていた). This word carries a nuance of quiet beauty and is less commonly used in casual conversation compared to '笑顔 (えがお)', which is a more general term for a smile.

Radical

竹

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

143

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Trust

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)言Say

Example Word

信者: follower or believer. The Japanese noun '信者 (しんじゃ)' refers to a person who believes in or follows a particular religion, ideology, or figure. It is commonly used in the context of religious faith, but can also extend to passionate supporters of a cause, movement, or even a celebrity. For example: He is a believer of Buddhism「彼は仏教の信者です」(かれはぶっきょうのしんじゃです). She is a devoted follower of that artist「彼女はそのアーティストの熱心な信者です」(かのじょはそのアーティストのねっしんなしんじゃです). Note that while 'believer' and 'follower' are closely related, they can sometimes emphasize different aspects—'believer' focuses on faith, while 'follower' emphasizes loyalty or support.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

151

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Most

Reading

Parts

曰 取Take

Example Word

最強: strongest. The Japanese noun '最強 (さいきょう)' means 'strongest'. It is used to describe something or someone that is the most powerful, dominant, or invincible in a particular context. This word is often used in competitive or comparative situations, such as sports, games, or rankings. For example: He is the strongest in the team「彼はチームで最強だ」(かれはチームでさいきょうだ). This is the strongest weapon「これは最強の武器だ」(これはさいきょうのぶきだ). The nuance of '最強' often implies an absolute or unmatched level of strength or capability.

Radical

曰

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

154

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Attain, Plural

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 羍

Example Word

到達: arrival or attainment. The Japanese verbal noun '到達 (とうたつ)' refers to the act of reaching or arriving at a destination, goal, or conclusion. It can be used in both physical and abstract contexts. For example: The climbers reached the summit「登山者たちは山頂に到達した」(とざんしゃたちはさんちょうにとうたつした). The research has reached a conclusion「研究は結論に到達した」(けんきゅうはけつろんにとうたつした). This term emphasizes the completion of a journey or process, highlighting the effort or time taken to achieve the result.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

160

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Change, Abnormal

Reading

Parts

亦 夂Late

Example Word

変わる: change. The Japanese verb '変わる (かわる)' means 'to change'. It is used to describe a transformation or alteration in state, condition, or nature. This verb can be applied to a wide range of contexts, from physical changes to abstract shifts. For example: The weather changed suddenly「天気が急に変わった」(てんきがきゅうにかわった). Her attitude changed completely「彼女の態度が完全に変わった」(かのじょのたいどがかんぜんにかわった). It's important to note that '変わる' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. To express the act of changing something, the transitive verb '変える (かえる)' is used instead.

Radical

夂

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

163

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Law, Method

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)去Past

Example Word

法定: legal. The Japanese noun '法定 (ほうてい)' refers to something that is established or prescribed by law. It is often used in contexts related to legal standards, requirements, or procedures. For example: the legal age for drinking is 20「法定飲酒年齢は20歳です」(ほうていいんしゅねんれいははたちです). The legal holiday is determined by the government「法定休日は政府によって決められます」(ほうていきゅうじつはせいふによってきめられます). This term is commonly used in legal, administrative, and official contexts to denote something that is mandated by law.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

169

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Like, Fond

Reading

Parts

女Woman 子Child

Example Word

好む: prefer. The Japanese verb '好む (このむ)' means 'to prefer' or 'to like'. It is used to express a preference or fondness for something over other options. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as personal preferences, tastes, or inclinations. For example: I prefer tea over coffee「私はコーヒーより紅茶を好む」(わたしはコーヒーよりこうちゃをこのむ). He likes classical music「彼はクラシック音楽を好む」(かれはクラシックおんがくをこのむ). The verb can also be used to describe a general liking or inclination towards something, as in 'She likes quiet places'「彼女は静かな場所を好む」(かのじょはしずかなばしょをこのむ).

Radical

女

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

177

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Separate

Reading

Parts

叧 刂Sword (刀)

Example Word

差別: discrimination. The Japanese verbal noun '差別 (さべつ)' means 'discrimination'. It refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people, especially on the grounds of race, age, sex, or disability. This term is often used in discussions about social issues, human rights, and equality. For example: Discrimination based on race is unacceptable「人種による差別は許されない」(じんしゅによるさべつはゆるされない). She has experienced gender discrimination at work「彼女は職場で性別による差別を経験した」(かのじょはしょくばでせいべつによるさべつをけいけんした). The word '差別' carries a strong negative connotation and is used to highlight unfair treatment or bias.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

181

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Tie, Bind

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 吉Lucky, Good luck

Example Word

結局: after all. The Japanese adverb '結局 (けっきょく)' means 'after all' or 'in the end'. It is used to indicate the final outcome or conclusion of a situation, often after considering various possibilities or events. This word is commonly used to summarize or reflect on the result of a process or series of actions. For example: After all, we decided not to go「結局、行かないことにした」(けっきょく、いかないことにした). In the end, it was a waste of time「結局、時間の無駄だった」(けっきょく、じかんのむだだった). It can also imply a sense of inevitability or resignation about the outcome.

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

186

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Samurai

Reading

Example Word

紳士: gentleman. The Japanese noun '紳士 (しんし)' refers to a 'gentleman'. This term is used to describe a man who is polite, well-mannered, and refined, often adhering to traditional standards of behavior and appearance. It is commonly used in formal contexts, such as in the names of establishments (e.g., '紳士服 (しんしふく)' meaning 'men's clothing') or to address a group of men respectfully. For example: The gentleman is waiting「紳士が待っています」(しんしがまっています). This is a gentlemen's club「ここは紳士のクラブです」(ここはしんしのクラブです). The word carries a connotation of sophistication and respectability.

Radical

士

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

189

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Theory, Explanation

Reading

Parts

訁Say (言)兑

Example Word

解説: explanation. The Japanese verbal noun '解説 (かいせつ)' means 'explanation' or 'commentary'. It is used to describe a detailed explanation or analysis of a topic, often provided by an expert or someone knowledgeable. This term is commonly used in contexts such as news programs, sports broadcasts, or academic lectures, where a commentator or expert provides insights or explanations. For example: The professor gave a detailed explanation of the theory「教授はその理論の解説をした」(きょうじゅはそのりろんのかいせつをした). The sports commentator provided a play-by-play commentary「スポーツ解説者が実況解説をした」(スポーツかいせつしゃがじっきょうかいせつをした).

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

194

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Put

Reading

Parts

网 直Straight, Repair

Example Word

位置: position. The Japanese verbal noun '位置 (いち)' means 'position'. It refers to the place or location of something in space or in a particular arrangement. It can also refer to one's status or role in a group or organization. For example: the position of the chair「椅子の位置」(いすのいち). His position in the company is high「彼の会社での位置は高い」(かれのかいしゃでのいちはたかい). This word is often used in contexts involving physical placement, ranking, or situational status.

Radical

网

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

198

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Become

Reading

Parts

戊

Example Word

結成: formation. The Japanese verbal noun '結成 (けっせい)' means 'formation' and refers to the act of forming or establishing something, such as a group, organization, or team. It is often used in contexts where people come together to create a new entity. For example: The formation of a new political party「新しい政党の結成」(あたらしいせいとうのけっせい). They announced the formation of a committee「彼らは委員会の結成を発表した」(かれらはいいんかいのけっせいをはっぴょうした). This word is commonly used in formal or organizational contexts.

Radical

戈

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

204

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Love

Reading

Parts

心Heart 爪Claw 冖Crown 夂Late

Example Word

愛する: love. The Japanese verb '愛する (あいする)' means 'to love'. It is used to express deep affection, care, or romantic love for someone or something. This verb is more formal and profound compared to '好き (すき)', which is used for general likes or preferences. For example: I love my family「私は家族を愛する」(わたしはかぞくをあいする). He loves nature「彼は自然を愛する」(かれはしぜんをあいする). The verb can also be used in abstract contexts, such as loving an idea or a concept. It is important to note that '愛する' is often used in serious or heartfelt contexts, making it less common in casual conversation.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

209

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Barrier, Related

Reading

Parts

門Gate 关Close

Example Word

税関: customs. The Japanese noun '税関 (ぜいかん)' refers to 'customs', specifically the government agency responsible for regulating the flow of goods into and out of a country, as well as collecting duties and taxes on imports and exports. This term is commonly used in contexts related to international travel, shipping, and trade. For example: I went through customs「税関を通りました」(ぜいかんをとおりました). The customs officer checked my luggage「税関の職員が私の荷物をチェックしました」(ぜいかんのしょくいんがわたしのにもつをチェックしました). It is important to note that '税関' is often associated with airports, seaports, and border crossings.

Radical

門

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

215

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Soldier

Reading

Parts

丘Hill 八Eight

Example Word

兵器: weapon. The Japanese noun '兵器 (へいき)' refers to 'weapon' or 'armament'. It is commonly used to describe tools or devices designed for combat or warfare, such as guns, missiles, or tanks. This term can also be used in a broader sense to include any equipment or technology used in military contexts. For example: The country developed new weapons「その国は新しい兵器を開発した」(そのくにはあたらしいへいきをかいはつした). Modern weapons are highly advanced「現代の兵器は非常に進んでいる」(げんだいのへいきはひじょうにすすんでいる). The word can also appear in compound terms like '核兵器 (かくへいき)' (nuclear weapons) or '生物兵器 (せいぶつへいき)' (biological weapons).

Radical

八

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

218

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Important, Need

Reading

Parts

覀 女Woman

Example Word

概要: summary. The Japanese noun '概要 (がいよう)' means 'summary' or 'overview'. It refers to a concise explanation or description of the main points of something, such as a document, event, or concept. This word is commonly used in formal or professional contexts, such as business meetings, academic papers, or project reports. For example: Please provide a summary of the report「レポートの概要を教えてください」(レポートのがいようをおしえてください). The overview of the project is clear「プロジェクトの概要は明確です」(プロジェクトのがいようはめいかくです). Note that '概要' emphasizes brevity and clarity, capturing the essence of the subject matter.

Radical

西

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

220

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Beginning, First

Reading

Parts

衤 刀Sword

Example Word

初日: first day. The Japanese noun '初日 (しょにち)' refers to the 'first day' of an event, activity, or period. It is commonly used in contexts such as the first day of a festival, the opening day of a movie, or the first day of a new job. For example: The first day of the festival was crowded「祭りの初日は混雑していた」(まつりのしょにちはこんざつしていた). The movie's opening day is tomorrow「映画の初日は明日です」(えいがのしょにちはあしたです). This word emphasizes the beginning or commencement of something significant.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

226

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Fly

Reading

Parts

升Sho, Measuring box

Example Word

飛び上がる: jump. The Japanese verb '飛び上がる (とびあがる)' means 'to jump up' or 'to leap up'. It is often used to describe a sudden, energetic upward movement, either physically or metaphorically. For example: The cat jumped up when it heard the noise「猫は音を聞いて飛び上がった」(ねこはおとをきいてとびあがった). He jumped up in surprise「彼は驚いて飛び上がった」(かれはおどろいてとびあがった). This verb can also be used to express excitement or shock, as in '飛び上がるほど嬉しい (とびあがるほどうれしい)' (so happy that one could jump for joy).

Radical

飛

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

229

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Family name

Reading

Example Word

彼氏: boyfriend. The Japanese noun '彼氏 (かれし)' means 'boyfriend'. It is a commonly used term to refer to a male romantic partner. This word is casual and is often used in everyday conversation. For example: My boyfriend is kind「私の彼氏は優しい」(わたしのかれしはやさしい). I went to the movies with my boyfriend「彼氏と映画に行った」(かれしとえいがにいった). It is important to note that '彼氏' is specifically used for romantic relationships and not for male friends in general. The term '彼 (かれ)' can also mean 'he' or 'boyfriend', but '彼氏' is more commonly used to clearly indicate a romantic relationship.

Radical

氏

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

231

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Old, Aged

Reading

Parts

耂Old (老)匕Spoon

Example Word

老人: elderly. The Japanese noun '老人 (ろうじん)' refers to an elderly person or old people in general. It is a neutral term used to describe someone who is advanced in age, typically implying respect for their experience and wisdom. However, context matters, as it can sometimes carry a slightly negative connotation depending on usage. Example sentences: The elderly man is walking slowly「老人がゆっくり歩いている」(ろうじんがゆっくりあるいている). We should respect the elderly「私たちは老人を尊敬すべきだ」(わたしたちはろうじんをそんけいすべきだ).

Radical

老

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

242

Radical Form

耂

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

People, Nation

Reading

Parts

氏Family name

Example Word

民間: private or civilian. The Japanese noun '民間 (みんかん)' can mean 'private' or 'civilian', depending on the context. When referring to 'private', it is often used to describe sectors, organizations, or activities that are not government-run, such as private companies or private initiatives. For example: private sector「民間のセクター」(みんかんのセクター). When referring to 'civilian', it describes non-military individuals or activities. For example: civilian life「民間の生活」(みんかんのせいかつ). The word is commonly used in discussions contrasting public (government) and private sectors, or military and civilian contexts.

Radical

氏

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

243

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Attach

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)寸Measurement

Example Word

くっ付く: stick. The Japanese verb 'くっ付く (くっつく)' means 'to stick' or 'to adhere'. It is used to describe objects or surfaces that are physically attached or clinging to each other. This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe people who are closely attached or inseparable. For example: The sticker sticks to the wall「シールが壁にくっ付く」(シールがかべにくっつく). Those two are always together「あの二人はいつもくっ付いている」(あのふたりはいつもくっついている). The verb can also imply a sense of closeness or intimacy in relationships.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

252

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Profit, Advantage

Reading

Parts

禾Cereal 刂Sword (刀)

Example Word

有利: advantageous. The Japanese adjectival noun '有利 (ゆうり)' means 'advantageous' or 'favorable'. It is used to describe situations, conditions, or positions that provide a benefit or advantage. For example: This deal is advantageous for us「この取引は私たちにとって有利だ」(このとりひきはわたしたちにとってゆうりだ). The team is in a favorable position「そのチームは有利な立場にある」(そのチームはゆうりなたちばにある). It is often used in contexts related to business, competition, or strategic decisions.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

262

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Inevitable, Certain

Reading

Parts

心Heart 丿Katakana no

Example Word

必要: necessary. The Japanese adjectival noun '必要 (ひつよう)' means 'necessary'. It is used to describe something that is required or essential for a particular purpose or situation. It can be used in various contexts, such as in daily life, work, or academic settings. For example: It is necessary to study hard「勉強する必要がある」(べんきょうするひつようがある). Is this document necessary?「この書類は必要ですか？」(このしょるいはひつようですか？). The word can also be used to express the necessity of actions or items, as in '必要なもの (ひつようなもの) (necessary items)'.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

264

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Kill

Reading

Parts

殳Pike 木Tree, Wood

Example Word

殺人: murder. The Japanese noun '殺人 (さつじん)' means 'murder'. It refers to the act of intentionally killing another person. This word is often used in legal, criminal, or dramatic contexts. For example: The detective solved the murder「探偵は殺人を解決した」(たんていはさつじんをかいけつした). The movie is about a series of murders「その映画は連続殺人についてです」(そのえいがはれんぞくさつじんについてです). Note that '殺人' is a formal term and is not used in casual conversation.

Radical

殳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

265

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Machine, Opportunity

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 幾Some, How many

Example Word

扇風機: fan. The Japanese noun '扇風機 (せんぷうき)' refers to an electric fan, specifically a device used to circulate air and create a cooling effect. It is commonly used in homes, offices, and other indoor spaces, especially during hot weather. Example sentences: The fan is on「扇風機がついている」(せんぷうきがついている). Please turn on the fan「扇風機をつけてください」(せんぷうきをつけてください). This fan is quiet「この扇風機は静かです」(このせんぷうきはしずかです). Note that '扇風機' specifically refers to electric fans and not handheld fans, which are called '団扇 (うちわ)'.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

269

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Remember, Awake

Reading

Parts

見See

Example Word

覚える: learn or remember. The Japanese verb '覚える (おぼえる)' primarily means 'to remember' or 'to memorize'. It is used when someone retains information or experiences in their memory. For example: I remember his name「彼の名前を覚えている」(かれのなまえをおぼえている). It can also mean 'to learn' in the sense of acquiring a skill or knowledge. For example: She learned how to swim「彼女は泳ぎ方を覚えた」(かのじょはおよぎかたをおぼえた). The verb is commonly used in everyday conversations and can be applied to both concrete and abstract concepts.

Radical

見

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

270

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Take along

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 車Car

Example Word

連日: consecutive days. The Japanese noun '連日 (れんじつ)' refers to a period of consecutive days, often implying that something has been happening repeatedly or continuously over those days. It is commonly used to describe events, activities, or conditions that persist without interruption. For example: The heatwave continued for consecutive days「連日猛暑が続いた」(れんじつもうしょがつづいた). The team worked hard for consecutive days「連日チームは頑張った」(れんじつチームはがんばった). This word emphasizes the continuity and repetition of an event or situation over a span of days.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

279

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Kind, Variety

Reading

Parts

禾Cereal 重Heavy

Example Word

人種: race. The Japanese noun '人種 (じんしゅ)' refers to 'race' in the context of human categorization based on physical characteristics, ancestry, or genetics. It is often used in discussions about ethnicity, diversity, or social issues. For example: Race is not a basis for discrimination「人種は差別の理由ではありません」(じんしゅはさべつのりゆうではありません). The study of human races is complex「人種の研究は複雑です」(じんしゅのけんきゅうはふくざつです). This term is neutral but should be used carefully, as it can be sensitive in certain contexts.

Radical

禾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

280

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Thought

Reading

Parts

今Now 心Heart

Example Word

観念: idea or notion. The Japanese noun '観念 (かんねん)' refers to an abstract idea, concept, or notion. It is often used in philosophical or intellectual contexts to describe thoughts or beliefs that are not tied to concrete objects. For example: His idea of freedom is unique「彼の自由の観念は独特だ」(かれのじゆうのかんねんはどくとくだ). The notion of time varies across cultures「時間の観念は文化によって異なる」(じかんのかんねんはぶんかによってことなる). This word can also imply a sense of resignation or acceptance, as in '観念する (かんねんする)', meaning 'to give up' or 'to resign oneself to a situation.'

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

282

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Fight, War

Reading

Parts

単Simple, Single 戈

Example Word

戦国: warring or states. The Japanese noun '戦国 (せんごく)' refers to the 'Warring States' period in Japanese history, specifically the Sengoku period (15th to 17th century), characterized by social upheaval, political intrigue, and near-constant military conflict. It can also refer more generally to a state of constant warfare or conflict. For example: The Warring States period was a time of great turmoil「戦国時代は大きな混乱の時代だった」(せんごくじだいはおおきなこんらんのじだいだった). The country was divided into warring states「国は戦国に分かれていた」(くにはせんごくにわかれていた). The term is often used in historical contexts but can also be applied metaphorically to describe any situation of intense competition or conflict.

Radical

戈

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

290

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Pine

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 公Public

Example Word

松: pine. The Japanese noun '松 (まつ)' refers to a 'pine tree'. Pine trees are evergreen conifers and hold significant cultural and symbolic value in Japan, often associated with longevity and steadfastness. They are commonly found in Japanese gardens and are a popular motif in art and literature. Example sentences: The pine tree is tall「松の木は高い」(まつのきはたかい). We planted a pine tree in the garden「庭に松を植えた」(にわにまつをうえた).

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

294

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Remainder

Reading

Parts

歹Bad 㦮

Example Word

残らず: completely. The Japanese adverb '残らず (のこらず)' means 'completely' or 'without exception'. It is used to indicate that something is done thoroughly, leaving nothing behind or untouched. This word often emphasizes the entirety of an action or state. For example: He ate everything completely「彼は残らず食べた」(かれはのこらずたべた). The documents were checked without exception「書類は残らずチェックされた」(しょるいはのこらずチェックされた). This adverb is commonly used in contexts where thoroughness or completeness is emphasized, such as in tasks, consumption, or examination.

Radical

歹

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

298

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Fruit

Reading

Parts

田Rice field 木Tree, Wood

Example Word

果てる: end or die. The Japanese verb '果てる (はてる)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to end' or 'to come to an end', often used to describe the conclusion of events, situations, or processes. The second meaning is 'to die', which is a more poetic or literary usage, often implying a final or irreversible end. For example: The meeting came to an end「会議が果てた」(かいぎがはてた). The old man passed away「老人は果てた」(ろうじんははてた). This verb carries a sense of finality and is often used in more formal or dramatic contexts.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

316

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Cure, Reign

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)台Pedestal, Machine

Example Word

治療: treatment. The Japanese verbal noun '治療 (ちりょう)' means 'treatment' and is commonly used in medical or therapeutic contexts. It refers to the act of treating an illness, injury, or condition to improve or cure it. This word is often used in phrases like '治療を受ける (ちりょうをうける)' (to receive treatment) or '治療が必要 (ちりょうがひつよう)' (treatment is necessary). Example sentences: The doctor recommended treatment「医者は治療を勧めた」(いしゃはちりょうをすすめた). This disease requires immediate treatment「この病気はすぐに治療が必要だ」(このびょうきはすぐにちりょうがひつようだ).

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

317

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Transmit

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)云Say

Example Word

伝承: folklore. The Japanese noun '伝承 (でんしょう)' refers to 'folklore' or 'oral tradition'. It encompasses stories, customs, beliefs, and practices that are passed down through generations, often orally. This term is deeply rooted in cultural heritage and is used to describe the collective memory and traditions of a community. For example: This village is rich in folklore「この村は伝承が豊かだ」(このむらはでんしょうがゆたかだ). The festival is based on ancient folklore「その祭りは古い伝承に基づいている」(そのまつりはふるいでんしょうにもとづいている).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

318

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Deliberation

Reading

Parts

訁Say (言)義Righteousness

Example Word

審議: deliberation. The Japanese verbal noun '審議 (しんぎ)' refers to the act of careful consideration or discussion, often in a formal or official context. It is commonly used in settings such as government, committees, or organizations where decisions are made after thorough discussion. For example: The committee is in deliberation「委員会は審議中です」(いいんかい は しんぎちゅう です). The bill is under deliberation「法案は審議中です」(ほうあん は しんぎちゅう です). This term emphasizes the process of weighing options and discussing details before reaching a conclusion.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

319

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

View

Reading

Parts

隹Bird 見See

Example Word

外観: appearance. The Japanese noun '外観 (がいかん)' refers to the external appearance or outward look of something, such as a building, object, or even a person. It is often used to describe the visual impression or facade of something. For example: The appearance of the building is modern「その建物の外観はモダンです」(そのたてもののがいかんはモダンです). She pays great attention to her appearance「彼女は外観に非常に気を遣います」(かのじょはがいかんにひじょうにきをつかいます). This word is commonly used in contexts related to design, architecture, or personal presentation.

Radical

見

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

321

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Army

Reading

Parts

冖Crown 車Car

Example Word

海軍: navy. The Japanese noun '海軍 (かいぐん)' refers to the 'navy', which is the branch of a country's armed forces that conducts military operations at sea. It is used to describe the organization, ships, and personnel involved in maritime warfare and defense. For example: The navy protects the country「海軍は国を守る」(かいぐんはくにをまもる). He joined the navy「彼は海軍に入った」(かれはかいぐんにはいった). This term is specific to military contexts and should not be confused with other maritime organizations or civilian shipping.

Radical

車

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

328

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Good

Reading

Parts

丶Dot 艮Stopping

Example Word

改良: improvement. The Japanese verbal noun '改良 (かいりょう)' means 'improvement'. It refers to the act of making something better or enhancing its quality, often through modifications or refinements. This term is commonly used in contexts such as technology, agriculture, or processes. For example: The improvement of the software was successful「ソフトウェアの改良は成功した」(ソフトウェアのかいりょうはせいこうした). We are working on the improvement of the product「製品の改良に取り組んでいます」(せいひんのかいりょうにとりくんでいます). Note that '改良' often implies a systematic or intentional effort to enhance something.

Radical

艮

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

334

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Lose, Fault

Reading

Parts

大Big 丿Katakana no 夫Man, Husband

Example Word

失業: unemployment. The Japanese verbal noun '失業 (しつぎょう)' refers to the state of being unemployed or losing one's job. It is commonly used in contexts related to economics, job markets, and personal situations. For example: unemployment is increasing「失業が増えている」(しつぎょうがふえている). He lost his job due to the company's bankruptcy「会社の倒産で彼は失業した」(かいしゃのとうさんでかれはしつぎょうした). The term can also be used in compound words like '失業率 (しつぎょうりつ)' (unemployment rate) or '失業保険 (しつぎょうほけん)' (unemployment insurance).

Radical

大

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

335

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Example

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)列File

Example Word

例えば: for example. The Japanese adverb '例えば (たとえば)' means 'for example'. It is used to introduce an example or a specific instance that illustrates a broader point. This word is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese to provide clarity or support an argument. For example: There are many fruits, for example, apples and oranges「果物はたくさんあります、例えば、りんごとオレンジ」(くだものはたくさんあります、たとえば、りんごとオレンジ). You can use this word to introduce examples in various contexts, such as explaining a concept, listing items, or making comparisons. It is a versatile and frequently used adverb in Japanese.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

339

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Together

Reading

Parts

龷Twenty (廿)八Eight

Example Word

共同: cooperation. The Japanese verbal noun '共同 (きょうどう)' means 'cooperation' or 'joint effort'. It refers to the act of working together with others towards a common goal. This term is often used in contexts such as business, research, or community projects where collaboration is essential. For example: We need cooperation to complete this project「このプロジェクトを完成させるには共同が必要です」(このプロジェクトをかんせいさせるにはきょうどうがひつようです). They are working on a joint research project「彼らは共同研究に取り組んでいます」(かれらはきょうどうけんきゅうにとりくんでいます). The term can also be used in compound words like '共同作業 (きょうどうさぎょう)' (collaborative work) or '共同責任 (きょうどうせきにん)' (joint responsibility).

Radical

八

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

340

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Join, Add

Reading

Parts

力Power 口Mouth

Example Word

加速: acceleration. The Japanese noun '加速 (かそく)' means 'acceleration'. It refers to the increase in speed or rate of something, often used in contexts like physics, vehicles, or processes. For example: the car's acceleration is fast「車の加速が速い」(くるまのかそくがはやい). The acceleration of technological progress is remarkable「技術の進歩の加速が著しい」(ぎじゅつのしんぽのかそくがいちじるしい). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe the speeding up of events or changes.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

345

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Special

Reading

Parts

牛Cow 寺Temple

Example Word

特に: especially. The Japanese adverb '特に (とくに)' means 'especially' or 'particularly'. It is used to emphasize a specific point or to single out something from a group. This adverb is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to highlight importance or distinction. For example: I especially like this dish「特にこの料理が好きです」(とくにこのりょうりがすきです). There's nothing particularly wrong「特に悪いところはない」(とくにわるいところはない). It can also be used to indicate that something is not the case, as in '特に問題はない (とくにもんだいはない) (There is no particular problem).'

Radical

牛

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

362

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Rank

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)立Stand

Example Word

位置: position. The Japanese verbal noun '位置 (いち)' means 'position'. It refers to the place or location of something in space or in a particular arrangement. It can also refer to one's status or role in a group or organization. For example: the position of the chair「椅子の位置」(いすのいち). His position in the company is high「彼の会社での位置は高い」(かれのかいしゃでのいちはたかい). This word is often used in contexts involving physical placement, ranking, or situational status.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

366

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hope, Ambition

Reading

Parts

亡Death, Deceased 月Moon, Month 王King

Example Word

希望: hope. The Japanese verbal noun '希望 (きぼう)' means 'hope'. It refers to a feeling of expectation and desire for a particular thing to happen. This word is often used to express aspirations, wishes, or desires for the future. For example: I have hope for the future「私は将来に希望を持っています」(わたしはしょうらいにきぼうをもっています). She lost hope「彼女は希望を失った」(かのじょはきぼうをうしなった). It can also be used in formal contexts, such as in job applications or surveys, to indicate preferences or desires, as in '希望の職種 (きぼうのしょくしゅ) (desired job type)'.

Radical

月

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

367

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bottom

Reading

Parts

广Dotted cliff 氐

Example Word

徹底的: thorough. The Japanese adjective '徹底的 (てっていてき)' means 'thorough'. It describes something that is done completely, meticulously, or exhaustively, leaving no room for oversight. This word is often used in contexts where precision, completeness, or intensity is emphasized. For example: He conducted a thorough investigation「彼は徹底的な調査を行った」(かれはてっていてきなちょうさをおこなった). The company implemented thorough reforms「その会社は徹底的な改革を実施した」(そのかいしゃはてっていてきなかいかくをじっしした). Note that '徹底的' is often used in formal or professional settings to emphasize the depth or completeness of an action.

Radical

广

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

373

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Art, Performance

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 云Say

Example Word

芸能: entertainment. The Japanese noun '芸能 (げいのう)' refers to the world of entertainment, including performing arts, music, acting, and other forms of public performance. It is often used to describe the industry or profession related to entertainment. For example: She works in the entertainment industry「彼女は芸能界で働いています」(かのじょはげいのうかいではたらいています). Traditional Japanese entertainment is fascinating「伝統的な日本の芸能は魅力的です」(でんとうてきなにほんのげいのうはみりょくてきです). The term can also refer to the skills or talents associated with performing arts.

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

388

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Extreme, Pole

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 亟

Example Word

極く: extremely. The Japanese adverb '極く (ごく)' means 'extremely' or 'very'. It is used to emphasize the degree or intensity of something. This word is often used in formal or written contexts and can modify adjectives or other adverbs. For example: This is extremely important「これは極く重要だ」(これはごくじゅうようだ). The problem is extremely simple「その問題は極く簡単だ」(そのもんだいはごくかんたんだ). Note that '極く' is less common in casual conversation and is typically replaced by words like 'とても' or 'すごく' in everyday speech.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

394

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Kind, Type

Reading

Parts

类 頁Page

Example Word

種類: kind or type. The Japanese noun '種類 (しゅるい)' refers to a 'kind' or 'type' of something. It is used to categorize or classify things based on their characteristics. For example: there are many kinds of flowers「花の種類はたくさんあります」(はなのしゅるいはたくさんあります). What type of music do you like?「どんな種類の音楽が好きですか？」(どんなしゅるいのおんがくがすきですか？). This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can apply to a wide range of contexts, such as food, animals, products, or ideas.

Radical

頁

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

407

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bend, Fold

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)斤Axe, Catty

Example Word

時折: occasionally. The Japanese adverb '時折 (ときおり)' means 'occasionally' or 'from time to time'. It is used to describe actions or events that happen infrequently or at irregular intervals. This word is often used in written or formal contexts, but it can also be used in spoken language. For example: I occasionally visit my grandmother「時折、祖母を訪ねます」(ときおり、そぼをたずねます). Snow falls occasionally in this region「この地域では時折雪が降ります」(このちいきではときおりゆきがふります). The word '時折' carries a slightly poetic nuance, making it suitable for expressing a sense of rarity or nostalgia.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

416

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Continue

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 売Sell

Example Word

接続: connection. The Japanese verbal noun '接続 (せつぞく)' primarily means 'connection'. It is used to refer to the act of connecting or linking things together, whether physically, logically, or in terms of communication. For example: The connection between the two devices is stable「二つのデバイスの接続は安定している」(ふたつのデバイスのせつぞくはあんていしている). Please check the internet connection「インターネットの接続を確認してください」(インターネットのせつぞくをかくにんしてください). This term is commonly used in technical contexts, such as electronics, networking, and transportation, but can also be applied to abstract concepts like relationships or ideas.

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

417

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Side

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)則Rule

Example Word

片側: one side. The Japanese noun '片側 (かたがわ)' means 'one side'. It refers to a single side of something, such as a road, object, or situation. It is often used in contexts where there is a clear distinction or separation between two sides. For example: Please walk on one side of the road「片側を歩いてください」(かたがわをあるいてください). The damage is only on one side of the building「建物の片側だけが損傷しています」(たてもののかたがわだけがそんしょうしています). This word is commonly used in everyday conversations, especially when giving directions or describing locations.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

426

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Quiet

Reading

Parts

青Blue 争Dispute

Example Word

静まる: calm. The Japanese verb '静まる (しずまる)' means 'to calm down' or 'to become quiet'. It is used to describe a situation, place, or person becoming calm or quiet after a period of noise, activity, or disturbance. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as describing the calming of a storm, the quieting of a crowd, or the settling of emotions. For example: The storm has calmed down「嵐が静まった」(あらしがしずまった). The room became quiet after the teacher entered「先生が入ってきて、部屋が静まった」(せんせいがはいってきて、へやがしずまった). It is important to note that '静まる' often implies a natural or gradual process of becoming calm or quiet.

Radical

青

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

439

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Weep, Cry

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)立Stand

Example Word

泣き声: crying. The Japanese noun '泣き声 (なきごえ)' refers to the sound of crying, typically made by a person or an animal. It is used to describe the vocal expression of sadness, pain, or distress. For example: I heard a baby's crying「赤ちゃんの泣き声が聞こえた」(あかちゃんのなきごえがきこえた). The cat's crying was loud「猫の泣き声が大きかった」(ねこのなきごえがおおきかった). This word is often used in contexts involving emotional distress or discomfort.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

454

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

History

Reading

Parts

口Mouth

Example Word

歴史: history. The Japanese noun '歴史 (れきし)' means 'history'. It refers to the study or record of past events, particularly those involving human affairs. This word is commonly used in academic, cultural, and everyday contexts to discuss historical events, periods, or the development of societies. For example: I study Japanese history「私は日本の歴史を勉強します」(わたしはにほんのれきしをべんきょうします). This town has a long history「この町は長い歴史があります」(このまちはながいれきしがあります). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe the background or development of something, such as a person's life or an organization.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

457

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Heat, Temperature

Reading

Parts

埶 灬Fire (火)

Example Word

熱い: hot. The Japanese adjective '熱い (あつい)' primarily means 'hot' in the sense of temperature. It is used to describe objects, liquids, or environments that have a high temperature. For example: The tea is hot「お茶が熱い」(おちゃがあつい). The stove is hot「ストーブが熱い」(ストーブがあつい). Additionally, '熱い' can also describe intense emotions or passion, such as in '熱い心 (あついこころ)' meaning 'a passionate heart'. However, this emotional usage is less common and typically context-dependent. When referring to weather, '暑い (あつい)' is used instead, which is a different word despite the identical pronunciation.

Radical

火

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

462

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Work

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)動Move

Example Word

働き: work or function. The Japanese noun '働き (はたらき)' can mean 'work' or 'function'. When referring to 'work', it often describes the act of working or labor, such as in a job or physical effort. For example: His work is important「彼の働きは重要だ」(かれのはたらきはじゅうようだ). When referring to 'function', it describes the role or operation of something, such as a machine or a body part. For example: The function of the heart is to pump blood「心臓の働きは血液を送ることだ」(しんぞうのはたらきはけつえきをおくることだ). The word is versatile and can be used in both literal and abstract contexts.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

471

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Clear, Pure

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)青Blue

Example Word

清潔: clean or hygienic. The Japanese adjectival noun '清潔 (せいけつ)' primarily means 'clean' or 'hygienic'. It is used to describe something that is free from dirt, germs, or impurities, and can refer to both physical cleanliness and moral purity. For example: This hospital is very clean「この病院はとても清潔です」(このびょういんはとてもせいけつです). She always keeps her room clean「彼女はいつも部屋を清潔にしている」(かのじょはいつもへやをせいけつにしている). The word can also imply a sense of neatness or orderliness, and is often used in contexts related to health, hygiene, and personal care.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

481

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Give birth

Reading

Parts

生Life 产

Example Word

共産主義: communism. The Japanese noun '共産主義 (きょうさんしゅぎ)' refers to the political and economic ideology of 'communism'. It is a system where property and resources are owned collectively, and labor is organized for the common good. This term is often used in political discussions, historical contexts, or when describing economic systems. Example sentences: Communism aims for a classless society「共産主義は階級のない社会を目指す」(きょうさんしゅぎはかいきゅうのないしゃかいをめざす). He studies the history of communism「彼は共産主義の歴史を研究している」(かれはきょうさんしゅぎのれきしをけんきゅうしている).

Radical

生

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

482

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Elephant, Phenomenon

Reading

Parts

⺈Wrap 豕Pig

Example Word

現象: phenomenon. The Japanese noun '現象 (げんしょう)' refers to a 'phenomenon', which is an observable event or fact. It is commonly used in both scientific and everyday contexts to describe occurrences that can be observed or experienced. For example: The aurora is a natural phenomenon「オーロラは自然の現象です」(おーろらはしぜんのげんしょうです). This social phenomenon is interesting「この社会的現象は面白い」(このしゃかいてきげんしょうはおもしろい). The word can also be used in abstract contexts, such as describing trends or behaviors in society.

Radical

豕

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

484

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Participate

Reading

Parts

厶Private 彡Fur 大Big

Example Word

参る: come or go. The Japanese verb '参る (まいる)' is a humble form of '行く (いく)' (to go) or '来る (くる)' (to come). It is used to express the speaker's movement to or from a place in a respectful or humble manner, often when referring to oneself in relation to someone of higher status. For example: I will go to the temple「お寺に参ります」(おてらにまいります). He came to the meeting「彼は会議に参りました」(かれはかいぎにまいりました). Additionally, '参る' can also mean to be overwhelmed or defeated, as in: I am at my limit「参りました」(まいりました). This usage conveys a sense of surrender or being overcome by a situation.

Radical

厶

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

485

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Government, Bureaucrat

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 㠯Terraced hill

Example Word

官庁: government. The Japanese noun '官庁 (かんちょう)' refers to a government office or agency. It is used to describe the administrative bodies or institutions that are part of the government. This term is often used in formal contexts when discussing governmental operations or structures. For example: The government office is located in Tokyo「官庁は東京にあります」(かんちょうはとうきょうにあります). He works at a government agency「彼は官庁で働いています」(かれはかんちょうではたらいています). The term can also be used more broadly to refer to the collective administrative bodies of the government.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

490

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Rejoice

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 壴

Example Word

喜ぶ: rejoice. The Japanese verb '喜ぶ (よろこぶ)' means 'to rejoice' or 'to be delighted'. It is used to express happiness or joy in response to something positive, such as good news, a gift, or an achievement. This verb can be used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: She rejoiced at the news「彼女はその知らせを喜んだ」(かのじょはそのしらせをよろこんだ). We were delighted with the gift「私たちはその贈り物を喜んだ」(わたしたちはそのおくりものをよろこんだ). The verb can also be used to describe someone's general state of happiness, as in 'He is always rejoicing'「彼はいつも喜んでいる」(かれはいつもよろこんでいる).

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

492

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Full

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)卄 両Both

Example Word

不満: dissatisfaction. The Japanese adjectival noun '不満 (ふまん)' means 'dissatisfaction'. It is used to express a feeling of discontent or unhappiness with a situation, condition, or outcome. This word is often used in contexts where someone feels that something is lacking or not meeting their expectations. For example: He expressed dissatisfaction with the results「彼は結果に不満を述べた」(かれはけっかにふまんをのべた). There is dissatisfaction among the employees「従業員の間に不満がある」(じゅうぎょういんのあいだにふまんがある). It can also be used to describe a general state of dissatisfaction, as in '不満な気持ち (ふまんなきもち) (a feeling of dissatisfaction)'.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

506

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Materials, Fee

Reading

Parts

米Rice 斗Ladle, Dipper

Example Word

給料: salary. The Japanese noun '給料 (きゅうりょう)' refers to the regular payment that an employee receives for their work, typically on a monthly basis. It is commonly used in the context of employment and is a key term when discussing jobs, income, and financial matters. For example: I received my salary「給料をもらった」(きゅうりょうをもらった). His salary is high「彼の給料は高い」(かれのきゅうりょうはたかい). The word is often used in formal or professional settings and is distinct from other terms like '賃金 (ちんぎん)' which can refer to wages or hourly pay.

Radical

斗

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

510

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Extensive, Doctor

Reading

Parts

十Ten 尃

Example Word

博物: natural history. The Japanese noun '博物 (はくぶつ)' refers to 'natural history', which is the study of organisms and natural objects. This term is often used in contexts related to museums, education, and scientific research. For example: The museum has a natural history exhibit「博物館には博物の展示がある」(はくぶつかんにははくぶつのてんじがある). He studies natural history「彼は博物を研究している」(かれははくぶつをけんきゅうしている). The term can also be associated with collections of natural specimens, such as plants, animals, and minerals.

Radical

十

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

521

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Plan, Proposal

Reading

Parts

安Cheap, Relax 木Tree, Wood

Example Word

提案: proposal. The Japanese verbal noun '提案 (ていあん)' means 'proposal' or 'suggestion'. It refers to the act of formally presenting an idea, plan, or solution for consideration. This word is commonly used in professional, academic, or organizational settings. For example: I submitted a proposal to the company「会社に提案を提出しました」(かいしゃにていあんをていしゅつしました). His proposal was accepted「彼の提案は受け入れられました」(かれのていあんはうけいれられました). The word can also be used in everyday contexts, such as suggesting an idea to friends: Let's consider his proposal「彼の提案を考えましょう」(かれのていあんをかんがえましょう).

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

535

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Cold

Reading

Parts

冫Ice (水)令Orders

Example Word

冷淡: indifferent. The Japanese adjectival noun '冷淡 (れいたん)' means 'indifferent' or 'cold-hearted'. It describes a lack of interest, concern, or emotional warmth toward someone or something. This word is often used to describe a person's attitude or behavior, particularly in situations where empathy or care is expected. For example: His attitude was indifferent「彼の態度は冷淡だった」(かれのたいどはれいたんだった). She gave me a cold-hearted response「彼女は冷淡な返事をした」(かのじょはれいたんなへんじをした). The word can also describe a situation or atmosphere that feels emotionally distant or unfeeling.

Radical

冫

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

544

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Difference

Reading

Parts

左Left 羊Sheep

Example Word

差: difference. The Japanese noun '差 (さ)' primarily means 'difference'. It refers to the distinction or gap between two or more things, whether in quantity, quality, or degree. This word is often used in contexts where comparison is involved. For example: there is a big difference between them「彼らの間には大きな差がある」(かれらのあいだにはおおきなさがある). The temperature difference is significant「温度の差が大きい」(おんどのさがおおきい). Additionally, '差' can also be used in mathematical contexts to denote the result of subtraction, as in 'the difference between 10 and 6 is 4'「10と6の差は4です」(じゅうとろくのさはよんです).

Radical

工

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

547

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

End

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood

Example Word

幕末: end of shogunate. The Japanese noun '幕末 (ばくまつ)' refers to the final years of the Edo period (1603–1868), specifically the period leading up to the Meiji Restoration in 1868. This era was marked by significant political and social upheaval, as Japan transitioned from a feudal society under the Tokugawa shogunate to a modern nation-state. The term is often used in historical contexts to describe the events, figures, and cultural shifts of this transformative time. For example: The end of the shogunate was a turbulent time「幕末は激動の時代だった」(ばくまつはげきどうのじだいだった). Many samurai fought during the end of the shogunate「幕末には多くの侍が戦った」(ばくまつにはおおくのさむらいがたたかった).

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

551

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Guess

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 祭Ritual

Example Word

察する: guess. The Japanese verb '察する (さっする)' means 'to guess' or 'to infer'. It is often used when someone deduces or understands something based on subtle hints, context, or intuition, rather than explicit information. This verb is commonly used in situations where empathy or understanding of another person's feelings or thoughts is involved. For example: I guessed his feelings「彼の気持ちを察した」(かれのきもちをさっした). She inferred the situation from his expression「彼の表情から状況を察した」(かれのひょうじょうからじょうきょうをさっした). The verb carries a nuance of sensitivity and insight, making it a key term in contexts involving emotional intelligence or subtle communication.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

553

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Simple, Single

Reading

Parts

⺍Small 日Day, Sun 十Ten

Example Word

単位: unit. The Japanese noun '単位 (たんい)' primarily means 'unit'. It is used to refer to a standard measurement, such as in science, mathematics, or everyday contexts. For example: The unit of length is the meter「長さの単位はメートルです」(ながさのたんいはメートルです). Additionally, in educational contexts, it can refer to academic credits: I need three more units to graduate「卒業するにはあと3単位必要です」(そつぎょうするにはあと3たんいひつようです). The word is versatile and widely used in both technical and casual settings.

Radical

十

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

554

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Request, Seek

Reading

Parts

水Water

Example Word

求人: recruitment. The Japanese verbal noun '求人 (きゅうじん)' refers to the act of recruiting or seeking employees. It is commonly used in contexts related to job postings, hiring, and employment opportunities. For example: The company is recruiting new employees「会社は新しい従業員を求人しています」(かいしゃはあたらしいじゅうぎょういんをきゅうじんしています). I found a recruitment ad in the newspaper「新聞に求人広告を見つけました」(しんぶんにきゅうじんこうこくをみつけました). This term is often seen in job-related contexts, such as '求人情報 (きゅうじんじょうほう)' (recruitment information) or '求人サイト (きゅうじんサイト)' (job recruitment site).

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

562

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Scene

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 京Capital

Example Word

景気: economy or mood. The Japanese noun '景気 (けいき)' has two primary meanings. The first and most common meaning refers to the state of the economy, such as economic conditions or business climate. For example: The economy is booming「景気がいい」(けいきがいい). The second meaning refers to a person's mood or spirit, often used in a more casual or colloquial context. For example: He's in high spirits today「彼は今日景気がいい」(かれはきょうけいきがいい). The word is versatile and context-dependent, so it's important to pay attention to the surrounding words to determine which meaning is intended.

Radical

日

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

563

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Announce

Reading

Parts

⺧Cow 口Mouth

Example Word

告げる: announce or tell. The Japanese verb '告げる (つげる)' primarily means 'to tell' or 'to announce'. It is used to convey information, often in a formal or serious manner. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as announcing news, declaring something, or informing someone about an important matter. For example: He announced the results「彼は結果を告げた」(かれはけっかをつげた). The bell signaled the end of class「ベルが授業の終わりを告げた」(ベルがじゅぎょうのおわりをつげた). It is important to note that '告げる' often carries a sense of formality or gravity, making it suitable for serious or official announcements.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

564

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Boundary, Vicinity

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 刀Sword

Example Word

辺り: area. The Japanese noun '辺り (あたり)' refers to a general area or vicinity. It is often used to describe the surrounding area of a specific location. This word can be used in various contexts, such as indicating the area around a place, or the general vicinity of an event. For example: The area around the station is lively「駅の辺りは賑やかです」(えきのあたりはにぎやかです). I think I left my bag somewhere around here「カバンをこの辺りに置いたと思います」(かばんをこのあたりにおいたとおもいます). Note that '辺り' can also imply a sense of approximation or vagueness when referring to a location.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

567

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Scatter

Reading

Parts

攵Strike 月Moon, Month

Example Word

散らかる: clutter. The Japanese verb '散らかる (ちらかる)' means 'to be cluttered' or 'to be scattered around'. It describes a state where things are messy, disorganized, or spread out in an untidy manner. This verb is often used to describe rooms, desks, or any space that is in disorder. For example: The room is cluttered「部屋が散らかっている」(へやがちらかっている). My desk is always messy「私の机はいつも散らかっている」(わたしのつくえはいつもちらかっている). Note that '散らかる' is an intransitive verb, meaning it describes a state rather than an action performed by someone.

Radical

攴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

570

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hall

Reading

Parts

尚Still, Esteem 土Soil

Example Word

堂: hall. The Japanese suffix '堂 (どう)' is commonly used to denote a hall or building, often associated with a specific purpose or establishment. It is frequently seen in the names of shops, temples, or public buildings. For example: a bookstore「本堂」(ほんどう), a temple hall「寺院の堂」(じいんのどう). This suffix can also be used in names of establishments, such as a bakery「パン屋の堂」(ぱんやのどう). It is important to note that '堂' is often used in a respectful or formal context, adding a sense of dignity or importance to the place it describes.

Radical

土

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

578

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Climate

Reading

Parts

丨Stick 侯Marquis, Feudal lord

Example Word

候: season. The Japanese noun '候 (こう)' refers to a 'season' or 'weather condition'. It is often used in formal or literary contexts to describe the current season or atmospheric conditions. For example: the season of cherry blossoms「桜の候」(さくらのこう). This word is also used in traditional Japanese letters to indicate the season, as in '早春の候 (そうしゅんのこう) (early spring season)'. Note that this term is less common in everyday conversation and is typically reserved for written or formal contexts.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

580

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Build

Reading

Parts

廴 聿Brush

Example Word

建築: architecture. The Japanese verbal noun '建築 (けんちく)' refers to the act of constructing buildings or the field of architecture. It encompasses the design, planning, and construction of structures. This term is often used in professional and academic contexts related to building design and construction. For example: He studies architecture「彼は建築を勉強しています」(かれはけんちくをべんきょうしています). This building is a masterpiece of modern architecture「この建物は現代建築の傑作です」(このたてものはげんだいけんちくのけっさくです). The word can also be used to describe the style or method of construction, as in 'traditional Japanese architecture' (伝統的な日本建築, でんとうてきなにほんけんちく).

Radical

廴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

583

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Dispute

Reading

Parts

⺈Wrap ⺕Hand 亅Barb

Example Word

争う: compete or dispute. The Japanese verb '争う (あらそう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to compete', which refers to striving to outperform others in a contest or rivalry. For example: They competed for the championship「彼らは優勝を争った」(かれらはゆうしょうをあらそった). The second meaning is 'to dispute', which refers to engaging in a conflict or argument over something. For example: The siblings disputed over the inheritance「兄弟は遺産を争った」(きょうだいはいさんをあらそった). The verb can be used in both formal and informal contexts, and it often implies a sense of struggle or contention.

Radical

亅

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

584

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Labor

Reading

Parts

⺍Small 冖Crown 力Power

Example Word

労働: work. The Japanese verbal noun '労働 (ろうどう)' refers to 'work' or 'labor', specifically in the context of physical or mental effort exerted to achieve a purpose, often in a professional or industrial setting. It is commonly used in discussions about employment, labor rights, or economic activities. For example: He works hard every day「彼は毎日労働する」(かれはまいにちろうどうする). Labor conditions are improving「労働条件が改善されている」(ろうどうじょうけんがいぜんされている). The word can also appear in compounds like '労働者 (ろうどうしゃ)' (worker) or '労働時間 (ろうどうじかん)' (working hours).

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

587

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Reform

Reading

Parts

己Oneself 攵Strike

Example Word

改善: improvement. The Japanese verbal noun '改善 (かいぜん)' means 'improvement'. It refers to the act of making something better or enhancing its quality, often used in contexts like business, processes, or personal development. For example: We need to make improvements to the system「システムの改善が必要です」(システムのかいぜんがひつようです). The company is working on improving its services「会社はサービスの改善に取り組んでいます」(かいしゃはサービスのかいぜんにとりくんでいます). This word is commonly used in professional or formal settings to describe efforts to refine or optimize something.

Radical

攴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

588

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Yesterday, Previous

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 乍

Example Word

昨日: yesterday. The Japanese noun '昨日 (きのう)' means 'yesterday'. It refers to the day before today. This word is commonly used in daily conversations to talk about events or actions that occurred on the previous day. For example: I went to the park yesterday「昨日、公園に行きました」(きのう、こうえんにいきました). Yesterday was a holiday「昨日は休日でした」(きのうはきゅうじつでした). The word '昨日' is straightforward and does not have additional meanings or nuances beyond its temporal reference.

Radical

日

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

589

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Request, Wish

Reading

Parts

原Meadow, Original 頁Page

Example Word

願書: application. The Japanese noun '願書 (がんしょ)' refers to a formal written application or petition. It is commonly used in contexts such as applying for schools, jobs, or official permits. The term carries a formal tone and is often associated with official or bureaucratic processes. Example sentences: Please submit the application by tomorrow「願書を明日までに提出してください」(がんしょをあしたまでにていしゅつしてください). I filled out the application form「願書に記入しました」(がんしょにきにゅうしました). Note that '願書' is typically used in written or formal contexts, and it implies a request or desire for something to be granted.

Radical

頁

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

599

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Clothes

Reading

Parts

亠Lid 𧘇Garment (衣)

Example Word

衣装: costume. The Japanese noun '衣装 (いしょう)' refers to 'costume' or 'attire'. It is commonly used to describe clothing worn for specific occasions, performances, or roles, such as traditional outfits, stage costumes, or ceremonial garments. For example: She wore a beautiful costume「彼女は美しい衣装を着ていた」(かのじょはうつくしいいしょうをきていた). The actors changed into their costumes「俳優たちは衣装に着替えた」(はいゆうたちはいしょうにきがえた). This word can also refer to elaborate or decorative clothing in general.

Radical

衣

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

600

Radical Form

𧘇

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Vessel

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 大Big

Example Word

器具: tool or appliance. The Japanese noun '器具 (きぐ)' refers to tools or appliances used for specific tasks. It can denote a wide range of devices, from household appliances to specialized tools. For example: I bought a new kitchen appliance「新しいキッチン器具を買いました」(あたらしいキッチンきぐをかいました). The workshop has various tools「その作業場には様々な器具があります」(そのさぎょうばにはさまざまなきぐがあります). The word is often used in contexts related to equipment or instruments necessary for particular activities, such as cooking, construction, or scientific experiments.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

611

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Relationship

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)中Center

Example Word

仲: relationship. The Japanese noun '仲 (なか)' refers to the relationship or bond between people. It is often used to describe the quality of a relationship, whether it is good, bad, or neutral. For example: They have a good relationship「彼らは仲がいい」(かれらはなかがいい). Their relationship has improved「彼らの仲は良くなった」(かれらのなかはよくなった). This word is commonly used in contexts involving friendships, family, or colleagues, and it emphasizes the interpersonal connection rather than the individuals themselves.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

621

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Not yet

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood

Example Word

未: not yet. The Japanese noun '未 (み)' means 'not yet' or 'still not'. It is often used to indicate that something has not yet happened or been completed. This word is commonly used in compound words or phrases to express the idea of something being incomplete or pending. For example: The project is not yet finished「プロジェクトは未完了です」(ぷろじぇくとはみかんりょうです). He has not yet arrived「彼は未到着です」(かれはみとうちゃくです). The word '未' can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as '未解決 (みかいけつ)' meaning 'unresolved' or '未確認 (みかくにん)' meaning 'unconfirmed'.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

627

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Curriculum, Continuation

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 日Day, Sun 止Stop

Example Word

履歴: history. The Japanese noun '履歴 (りれき)' refers to a record or history of events, actions, or experiences. It is commonly used in contexts such as job histories, academic records, or personal histories. For example: Please submit your job history「履歴を提出してください」(りれきをていしゅつしてください). His academic history is impressive「彼の学歴は素晴らしい」(かれのがくれきはすばらしい). This word can also be used in digital contexts, such as browser history 'ブラウザの履歴 (ぶらうざのりれき)'.

Radical

止

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

634

Handwriting