Jōyō KanjiOrganized by Stroke Count

kanji

Meaning

Exit

Reading

Parts

凵Open box 山Mountain

Example Word

出会う: meet or encounter. The Japanese verb '出会う (であう)' means 'to meet' or 'to encounter'. It is used to describe the act of meeting someone or something, often by chance or unexpectedly. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as meeting a person, encountering a situation, or coming across an opportunity. For example: I met an old friend at the station「駅で昔の友達に出会った」(えきでむかしのともだちにであった). We encountered a difficult problem「難しい問題に出会った」(むずかしいもんだいにであった). The verb often implies a sense of serendipity or unexpectedness in the meeting or encounter.

Radical

凵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

4

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Life

Reading

Parts

土Soil 𠂉Person (人)

Example Word

同級生: classmate. The Japanese noun '同級生 (どうきゅうせい)' refers to a 'classmate', specifically someone who is in the same grade or class at school. This term emphasizes the shared educational environment and is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts. For example: My classmate is very kind「私の同級生はとても親切です」(わたしのどうきゅうせいはとてもしんせつです). I met my old classmate yesterday「昨日、昔の同級生に会いました」(きのう、むかしのどうきゅうせいにあいました). The word is often used to describe relationships formed during school years and carries a sense of camaraderie or shared experiences.

Radical

生

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

24

Radical Form

龶

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Book, Origin

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 一One

Example Word

基本: basis. The Japanese noun '基本 (きほん)' means 'basis' or 'foundation'. It refers to the fundamental principles or essential elements that form the core of something. This word is often used in contexts related to education, rules, or systems to denote the underlying principles. For example: The basis of learning is practice「基本は練習です」(きほんはれんしゅうです). Understanding the basics is important「基本を理解することが大切です」(きほんをりかいすることがたいせつです). It can also be used in phrases like '基本ルール (きほんルール)' (basic rules) or '基本方針 (きほんほうしん)' (basic policy).

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

36

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Stand

Reading

Parts

亠Lid 䒑Herbs

Example Word

役立つ: useful. The Japanese verb '役立つ (やくだつ)' means 'to be useful' or 'to serve a purpose'. It is often used to describe something or someone that provides practical help or value in a specific situation. For example: This book is useful for studying「この本は勉強に役立つ」(このほんはべんきょうにやくだつ). His advice was very useful「彼のアドバイスはとても役立った」(かれのアドバイスはとてもやくだった). The verb can also be used in its negative form to indicate something is not useful, as in '役立たない (やくだたない) (not useful)'.

Radical

立

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

39

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Eye

Reading

Parts

二Two 口Mouth

Example Word

目指す: aim. The Japanese verb '目指す (めざす)' means 'to aim' or 'to strive for'. It is used when someone is working towards a specific goal or target. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as career goals, personal achievements, or physical destinations. For example: I aim to become a doctor「医者を目指しています」(いしゃをめざしています). He is aiming for the top of the mountain「彼は山の頂上を目指している」(かれはやまのちょうじょうをめざしている). The nuance of '目指す' implies a deliberate and focused effort towards achieving something significant.

Radical

目

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

46

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Four

Reading

Parts

儿Legs 口Mouth

Example Word

四角い: square. The Japanese adjective '四角い (しかくい)' means 'square'. It is used to describe objects or shapes that have four equal sides and four right angles, resembling a square. This word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is rigid or inflexible in nature. For example: This table is square「このテーブルは四角い」(このテーブルはしかくい). His way of thinking is too square「彼の考え方は四角すぎる」(かれのかんがえかたはしかくすぎる). Note that '四角い' is often used to describe physical shapes, but it can also be applied to abstract concepts to imply a lack of flexibility.

Radical

囗

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

77

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Substitute, Era

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)弋Ceremony

Example Word

代わり: substitute. The Japanese noun '代わり (かわり)' means 'substitute' or 'replacement'. It refers to something or someone that takes the place of another. This word is often used in contexts where one thing is exchanged for another, such as in a trade or a replacement. For example: I will go in your place「私があなたの代わりに行きます」(わたしがあなたのかわりにいきます). This can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as when one action or event compensates for another. For example: The food was bad, but the service made up for it「料理はまずかったけど、サービスが代わりになった」(りょうりはまずかったけど、サービスがかわりになった).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

78

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

World, Generation

Reading

Parts

廿Twenty 𠃊Second (乙)

Example Word

世間: world or society. The Japanese noun '世間 (せけん)' refers to 'society' or 'the world' in a broad sense, often implying the social environment, public opinion, or the general community. It carries a nuance of the collective perspective or norms of people in society. For example: society is harsh「世間は厳しい」(せけんはきびしい). I don't care about what the world thinks「世間の目は気にしない」(せけんのめはきにしない). The word can also imply the boundaries of one's social circle or the realm of everyday life, as in: he is well-known in society「彼は世間に知られている」(かれはせけんにしられている).

Radical

一

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

81

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Master

Reading

Parts

丶Dot 王King

Example Word

亭主: husband or innkeeper. The Japanese noun '亭主 (ていしゅ)' has two distinct meanings. The first and most common meaning is 'husband', often used in a somewhat traditional or old-fashioned context. For example: my husband is kind「私の亭主は優しい」(わたしのていしゅはやさしい). The second meaning is 'innkeeper' or 'proprietor of a traditional Japanese inn (ryokan)', which is less commonly used in modern Japanese. For example: the innkeeper welcomed us warmly「亭主が私たちを温かく迎えてくれた」(ていしゅがわたしたちをあたたかくむかえてくれた). The word carries a slightly formal or traditional nuance, and its usage depends heavily on context.

Radical

丶

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

85

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Outside

Reading

Parts

夕Evening 卜Divination

Example Word

外務省: foreign affairs. The Japanese noun '外務省 (がいむしょう)' refers to the 'Ministry of Foreign Affairs'. This is the government department responsible for handling Japan's international relations, diplomacy, and foreign policy. It is often used in formal or official contexts. For example: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced the new policy「外務省は新しい政策を発表した」(がいむしょうはあたらしいせいさくをはっぴょうした). He works at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs「彼は外務省で働いている」(かれはがいむしょうではたらいている). The term is specific to Japan's governmental structure and is not used to describe foreign affairs ministries in other countries.

Radical

夕

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

87

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

White

Reading

Parts

丿Katakana no 日Day, Sun

Example Word

青白い: pale. The Japanese adjective '青白い (あおじろい)' means 'pale'. It is often used to describe a pale or whitish color, particularly one that has a bluish tint. This adjective can be used to describe physical appearances, such as a pale face, or objects, such as pale light. For example: Her face was pale「彼女の顔は青白かった」(かのじょのかおはあおじろかった). The pale moonlight illuminated the room「青白い月明かりが部屋を照らした」(あおじろいつきあかりがへやをてらした). The word can also carry a connotation of something being eerie or ghostly due to its pale appearance.

Radical

白

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

95

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Rice field

Reading

Parts

十Ten 口Mouth

Example Word

田畑: fields. The Japanese noun '田畑 (たはた)' refers to cultivated fields, specifically rice fields (田) and other crop fields (畑). It is used to describe agricultural land where crops are grown. This word is often used in rural or farming contexts. For example: the fields stretch far and wide「田畑が広がっている」(たはたがひろがっている). Farmers work in the fields「農家は田畑で働く」(のうかはたはたではたらく). Note that '田畑' is a compound noun combining two types of fields, emphasizing the broader agricultural landscape.

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

100

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Flat

Reading

Parts

干Dry 丷Divide

Example Word

公平: fair. The Japanese adjectival noun '公平 (こうへい)' means 'fair' or 'impartial'. It is used to describe situations, decisions, or actions that are just, unbiased, and equitable. This term is often used in contexts involving judgment, treatment, or distribution of resources. For example: The teacher was fair to all students「先生は全ての生徒に公平だった」(せんせいはすべてのせいとにこうへいだった). A fair distribution of resources is important「資源の公平な分配が重要だ」(しげんのこうへいなぶんぱいがじゅうようだ). The word can also be used to describe a person's character, as in '彼は公平な人だ (かれはこうへいなひとだ) (He is a fair person).'

Radical

干

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

111

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

By means of

Reading

Example Word

以来: since. The Japanese noun '以来 (いらい)' means 'since' and is used to indicate a period of time starting from a specific point in the past up to the present. It is often used to describe events, situations, or conditions that have continued from a past moment until now. For example: I haven't seen him since last year「去年以来彼に会っていない」(きょねんいらいかれにあっていない). Since moving to Tokyo, I've been very busy「東京に引っ越して以来、とても忙しい」(とうきょうにひっこしていらい、とてもいそがしい). The word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts and can be paired with various time expressions to specify the starting point.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

128

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Use

Reading

Parts

月Moon, Month 丨Stick

Example Word

日用品: daily necessities. The Japanese noun '日用品 (にちようひん)' means 'daily necessities'. This word refers to everyday items that are commonly used in daily life, such as toothbrushes, soap, kitchen utensils, and other household goods. These items are essential for routine activities and are typically purchased frequently. Example: I need to buy daily necessities 「日用品を買う必要がある」 (にちようひんをかうひつようがある). This store has a wide range of daily necessities 「この店は日用品の品揃えが豊富だ」 (このみせはにちようひんのしなぞろえがほうふだ). The term is commonly used in shopping contexts and when referring to household management.

Radical

用

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

130

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Mother

Reading

Parts

毋Mother 丶Dot

Example Word

母: mother. The Japanese noun '母 (はは)' means 'mother'. It is a formal and respectful term used to refer to one's own mother. It is commonly used in polite or formal contexts, such as when speaking to others about one's mother. For example: My mother is kind「私の母は優しい」(わたしのはははやさしい). I will call my mother「母に電話します」(ははにでんわします). Note that '母 (はは)' is more formal than 'お母さん (おかあさん)', which is used in casual or familial settings. The term carries a sense of respect and is often used in written language or formal speech.

Radical

毋

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

132

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Serve

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)士Samurai

Example Word

仕舞い: end. The Japanese noun '仕舞い (しまい)' means 'end' or 'conclusion'. It is often used to describe the final part of something, such as an event, a process, or a story. This word carries a nuance of finality and completion. For example: the end of the movie「映画の仕舞い」(えいがのしまい). The party came to an end「パーティーは仕舞いになった」(パーティーはしまいになった). It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as the end of an era「時代の仕舞い」(じだいのしまい). Note that '仕舞い' is often written in hiragana as 'しまい' in modern usage.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

155

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Correct

Reading

Parts

一One 止Stop

Example Word

正に: exactly. The Japanese adverb '正に (まさに)' means 'exactly' or 'precisely'. It is used to emphasize that something is exactly as stated or expected, often in situations where timing, accuracy, or truthfulness is highlighted. For example: This is exactly what I wanted「これは正に私が欲しかったものだ」(これはまさにわたしがほしかったものだ). He is precisely the person we need「彼は正に私たちが必要としている人だ」(かれはまさにわたしたちがひつようとしているひとだ). The word can also convey a sense of inevitability or appropriateness, as in 'It was exactly as predicted'「それは正に予測通りだった」(それはまさによそくどおりだった).

Radical

止

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

158

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Put in, Crowded

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 入Enter

Example Word

追い込む: corner. The Japanese verb '追い込む (おいこむ)' primarily means 'to corner' or 'to drive into a corner'. It is used to describe the act of forcing someone or something into a difficult or inescapable situation. This verb can be used both literally and figuratively. For example: The police cornered the thief「警察は泥棒を追い込んだ」(けいさつはどろぼうをおいこんだ). The pressure of the deadline is cornering him「締め切りのプレッシャーが彼を追い込んでいる」(しめきりのぷれっしゃーがかれをおいこんでいる). Note that this verb often implies a sense of pressure or urgency.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

174

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Stone

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 丆Cliff (厂)

Example Word

石油: oil. The Japanese noun '石油 (せきゆ)' refers to 'oil', specifically petroleum or crude oil. It is commonly used in contexts related to energy, fuel, and industrial applications. For example: This country imports a lot of oil「この国は石油をたくさん輸入する」(このくにはせきゆをたくさんゆにゅうする). Oil is an important resource「石油は重要な資源だ」(せきゆはじゅうようなしげんだ). The word is often associated with discussions about energy production, environmental issues, and global markets.

Radical

石

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

197

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Other

Radical Form Of

亻

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)也To be

Example Word

他: other or else. The Japanese noun '他 (た／ほか)' primarily means 'other' or 'else'. It is used to refer to something or someone different from what has been mentioned or is already known. The reading 'た' is more formal and often used in written contexts, while 'ほか' is more common in spoken language. For example: I have other plans「他に予定があります」(ほかによていがあります). Is there anything else?「他に何かありますか？」(ほかになにかありますか？). The word can also be used to indicate additional items or people, as in 'other people'「他の人」(ほかのひと). It's important to note that '他' can sometimes imply exclusion or contrast, depending on the context.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

202

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Old

Reading

Parts

十Ten 口Mouth

Example Word

古く: old. The Japanese noun '古く (ふるく)' is the adverbial form of the adjective '古い (ふるい)', meaning 'old'. It is used to describe something that has existed for a long time or is from a past era. This form is often used to modify verbs or other adjectives, indicating that something is done in an old-fashioned or traditional way. For example: This tradition is old「この伝統は古くからある」(このでんとうはふるくからある). The house was built in an old style「その家は古く建てられた」(そのいえはふるくたてられた). Note that '古く' is not typically used as a standalone noun but rather as an adverb to describe actions or states.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

208

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Deal with

Reading

Parts

夂Late 几

Example Word

彼処: there. The Japanese pronoun '彼処 (かしこ)' means 'there' and is used to refer to a place that is distant from both the speaker and the listener. It is a formal or literary term and is less commonly used in everyday conversation compared to 'そこ' or 'あそこ'. For example: The book is over there「本は彼処にあります」(ほんはかしこにあります). She went there「彼女は彼処に行きました」(かのじょはかしこにいきました). Note that '彼処' can also carry a sense of reverence or formality, often used in written or ceremonial contexts.

Radical

几

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

212

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Report

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 丨Stick

Example Word

申し込む: apply. The Japanese verb '申し込む (もうしこむ)' primarily means 'to apply' or 'to make a formal request'. It is commonly used in contexts where someone is applying for a service, membership, or event. For example: I applied for the job「その仕事に申し込んだ」(そのしごとにもうしこんだ). She applied for the course「彼女はそのコースに申し込んだ」(かのじょはそのコースにもうしこんだ). Additionally, it can also mean 'to propose' or 'to offer', such as in a marriage proposal. For example: He proposed to her「彼は彼女に結婚を申し込んだ」(かれはかのじょにけっこんをもうしこんだ). This verb is often used in formal or business settings.

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

221

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Half

Reading

Parts

丷Divide 干Dry

Example Word

半月: half month. The Japanese noun '半月 (はんつき)' refers to a period of half a month, typically around 15 days. It is often used to describe a specific time frame or duration. For example: I will be on vacation for half a month「半月休みます」(はんつきやすみます). The project will take half a month to complete「そのプロジェクトは半月かかります」(そのプロジェクトははんつきかかります). This term is commonly used in scheduling, planning, and discussing time-related matters.

Radical

十

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

228

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

People, Nation

Reading

Parts

氏Family name

Example Word

民衆: masses. The Japanese noun '民衆 (みんしゅう)' refers to 'the masses' or 'the general public'. It is used to describe a large group of ordinary people, often in the context of society, politics, or history. This term carries a neutral to slightly formal tone and is commonly used in discussions about collective action, public opinion, or societal movements. Example sentences: The masses supported the movement「民衆はその運動を支持した」(みんしゅうはそのうんどうをしじした). The voice of the masses cannot be ignored「民衆の声は無視できない」(みんしゅうのこえはむしできない).

Radical

氏

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

243

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Attach

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)寸Measurement

Example Word

追い付く: catchup. The Japanese verb '追い付く (おいつく)' means 'to catch up'. This verb is used when someone or something reaches the same level, position, or status as another after being behind. It can be used in both physical and metaphorical contexts. For example: I finally caught up with my friend「やっと友達に追い付いた」(やっとともだちにおいついた). The company is trying to catch up with its competitors「その会社は競合他社に追い付こうとしている」(そのかいしゃはきょうごうたしゃにおいつこうとしている). Note that this verb often implies effort or time was required to reach the same point.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

252

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hit

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)丁Street

Example Word

打ち合わせ: meeting. The Japanese verbal noun '打ち合わせ (うちあわせ)' refers to a meeting or discussion, typically held to coordinate or plan something in advance. It is often used in professional or organizational contexts to describe a preparatory meeting where details are ironed out. For example: We had a meeting to discuss the project「プロジェクトについて打ち合わせをしました」(ぷろじぇくとについてうちあわせをしました). Let's have a quick meeting before the presentation「プレゼンの前に打ち合わせをしましょう」(ぷれぜんのまえにうちあわせをしましょう). The term emphasizes the collaborative and preparatory nature of the meeting, rather than a formal or large-scale gathering.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

260

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Inevitable, Certain

Reading

Parts

心Heart 丿Katakana no

Example Word

必ずしも: not always. The Japanese adverb '必ずしも (かならずしも)' is used to express that something is not necessarily or always the case. It is often used in negative sentences to indicate that a general statement does not apply universally. For example: rich people are not always happy「お金持ちは必ずしも幸せではない」(おかねもちはかならずしもしあわせではない). Success does not always mean happiness「成功は必ずしも幸せを意味しない」(せいこうはかならずしもしあわせをいみしない). This adverb is commonly paired with negative forms like 'ない' or 'とは限らない (とはかぎらない)' to emphasize that a situation is not absolute.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

264

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Left

Reading

Parts

工Construction 𠂇Cliff (厂)

Example Word

左手: left hand. The Japanese noun '左手 (ひだりて)' means 'left hand'. It refers specifically to the hand on the left side of the body. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can be used in various contexts, such as describing actions, giving directions, or discussing physical attributes. For example: I write with my left hand「私は左手で書きます」(わたしはひだりてでかきます). He held the bag in his left hand「彼は左手でバッグを持っていた」(かれはひだりてでバッグをもっていた). The word is straightforward and does not carry additional nuanced meanings beyond its literal definition.

Radical

工

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

266

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Right

Reading

Parts

𠂇Cliff (厂)口Mouth

Example Word

右側: right side. The Japanese noun '右側 (みぎがわ)' means 'rightside' or 'right side'. It refers to the side that is to the right of a person or object. This word is commonly used in directions, descriptions of locations, or when giving instructions. For example: Please stand on the right side「右側に立ってください」(みぎがわにたってください). The store is on the right side of the street「その店は通りの右側にあります」(そのみせはとおりのみぎがわにあります). It is important to note that '右側' is often used in contrast to '左側 (ひだりがわ)' (left side).

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

272

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Possible

Reading

Parts

丁Street 口Mouth

Example Word

不可欠: essential. The Japanese adjectival noun '不可欠 (ふかけつ)' means 'essential' or 'indispensable'. It is used to describe something that is absolutely necessary or cannot be done without. This term is often used in formal or academic contexts to emphasize the importance of a particular element. For example: Sleep is essential for health「睡眠は健康に不可欠です」(すいみんはけんこうにふかけつです). Teamwork is indispensable for success「チームワークは成功に不可欠だ」(チームワークはせいこうにふかけつだ). Note that '不可欠' is often followed by particles like 'に' or 'な' to modify nouns, as in '不可欠な要素 (ふかけつなようそ) (essential element)'.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

277

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Reason

Reading

Parts

十Ten 口Mouth

Example Word

理由: reason. The Japanese noun '理由 (りゆう)' means 'reason'. It refers to the cause, explanation, or justification for something. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to explain why something happened or why someone did something. For example: What is the reason for your absence?「欠席の理由は何ですか？」(けっせきのりゆうはなんですか？). There is no reason to worry「心配する理由はない」(しんぱいするりゆうはない). It can also be used in legal or logical contexts to denote grounds or rationale.

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

278

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Lose, Fault

Reading

Parts

大Big 丿Katakana no 夫Man, Husband

Example Word

失礼: excuse or rude. The Japanese verbal noun '失礼 (しつれい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'rude', referring to behavior that is impolite or disrespectful. For example: That was rude「それは失礼でした」(それはしつれいでした). The second meaning is 'excuse', often used as a polite way to apologize or take leave. For example: Excuse me, I must leave now「失礼します、もう行かなければなりません」(しつれいします、もういかなければなりません). The word is commonly used in formal and casual settings to express politeness or acknowledge a social misstep.

Radical

大

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

335

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Past

Reading

Parts

厶Private 土Soil

Example Word

去る: leave. The Japanese verb '去る (さる)' means 'to leave' or 'to depart'. It is often used to describe someone or something moving away from a place or situation. This verb can also imply a sense of finality or separation. For example: he left the room「彼は部屋を去った」(かれはへやをさった). The train has departed「電車は去った」(でんしゃはさった). In some contexts, '去る' can also be used metaphorically to describe the passage of time or the end of an era, such as 'the old year has passed「旧年が去った」(きゅうねんがさった)'. Note that this verb is somewhat formal and is often used in written or formal spoken contexts.

Radical

厶

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

344

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Join, Add

Reading

Parts

力Power 口Mouth

Example Word

加わる: join or add. The Japanese verb '加わる (くわわる)' has two primary meanings: 'to join' and 'to add'. When used to mean 'to join', it refers to becoming part of a group, activity, or event. For example: He joined the team「彼はチームに加わった」(かれはチームにくわわった). When used to mean 'to add', it refers to contributing something to an existing situation or mix. For example: A new flavor was added to the dish「新しい味が料理に加わった」(あたらしいあじがりょうりにくわわった). The verb is often used in contexts involving participation or enhancement, and its meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

345

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Older brother

Reading

Parts

儿Legs 口Mouth

Example Word

兄: older brother. The Japanese noun '兄 (あに)' means 'older brother'. It is used to refer to one's own elder brother in a family context. This term is typically used when speaking about or to one's own brother, and it carries a sense of respect and familiarity. For example: My older brother is kind「私の兄は優しい」(わたしのあにはやさしい). I asked my older brother for help「兄に助けを求めた」(あににたすけをもとめた). It's important to note that '兄' is used specifically for one's own older brother, and when referring to someone else's older brother, the term 'お兄さん (おにいさん)' is more appropriate.

Radical

儿

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

360

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Pedestal, Machine

Reading

Parts

厶Private 口Mouth

Example Word

台: stand or counter. The Japanese noun '台 (だい)' has two primary meanings. First, it refers to a 'stand' or 'base' used to support or elevate something, such as a pedestal or platform. For example: the vase is on the stand「花瓶は台の上にある」(かびんはだいのうえにある). Second, it is used as a counter for machines, vehicles, or large equipment. For example: two cars「車が二台」(くるまがにだい). The word is versatile and context-dependent, so its meaning is determined by how it is used in a sentence.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

364

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wide

Reading

Parts

厶Private 广Dotted cliff

Example Word

広場: plaza. The Japanese noun '広場 (ひろば)' refers to a 'plaza' or 'open square', typically a public space in a city or town where people can gather. It is often used to describe a large, open area that is surrounded by buildings or other structures. For example: Let's meet at the plaza「広場で会いましょう」(ひろばであいましょう). The children are playing in the plaza「子供たちは広場で遊んでいます」(こどもたちはひろばであそんでいます). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe a space for open discussion or exchange of ideas, such as in a 'forum' or 'public square' context.

Radical

广

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

428

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

North

Reading

Parts

匕Spoon 冫Ice (水)丨Stick

Example Word

北: north. The Japanese noun '北 (きた)' means 'north'. It refers to the cardinal direction and is commonly used in geographical contexts, such as indicating a location or giving directions. For example: The wind is coming from the north「風が北から吹いている」(かぜがきたからふいている). Hokkaido is in the north of Japan「北海道は日本の北にある」(ほっかいどうはにほんのきたにある). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something as being in a northern position relative to something else.

Radical

匕

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

434

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Servant, Dude

Reading

Parts

女Woman 又Again

Example Word

奴隷: slave. The Japanese noun '奴隷 (どれい)' refers to a 'slave', someone who is owned by another person and forced to work without personal freedom. Historically, it was used to describe individuals in servitude, often in contexts of forced labor or subjugation. In modern usage, it can also metaphorically describe someone who is excessively controlled or dominated by another, such as in a relationship or by societal pressures. Example sentences: He was treated like a slave「彼は奴隷のように扱われた」(かれはどれいのようにあつかわれた). Many people were enslaved during that era「その時代には多くの人々が奴隷にされた」(そのじだいにはおおくのひとびとがどれいにされた).

Radical

女

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

450

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

History

Reading

Parts

口Mouth

Example Word

歴史: history. The Japanese noun '歴史 (れきし)' means 'history'. It refers to the study or record of past events, particularly those involving human affairs. This word is commonly used in academic, cultural, and everyday contexts to discuss historical events, periods, or the development of societies. For example: I study Japanese history「私は日本の歴史を勉強します」(わたしはにほんのれきしをべんきょうします). This town has a long history「この町は長い歴史があります」(このまちはながいれきしがあります). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe the background or development of something, such as a person's life or an organization.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

457

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

City, Market

Reading

Parts

亠Lid 巾Towel

Example Word

市民: citizen. The Japanese noun '市民 (しみん)' means 'citizen'. It refers to a person who is a member of a particular city, town, or country, and who has rights and responsibilities within that community. This term is often used in contexts related to civic duties, local governance, and community involvement. For example: The citizens of this city are very active「この街の市民はとても活発です」(このまちのしみんはとてもかっぱつです). She is a proud citizen of Tokyo「彼女は東京の誇り高い市民です」(かのじょはとうきょうのほこりたかいしみんです). The word can also be used in broader contexts to refer to people who are part of a larger society or community, emphasizing their role and participation.

Radical

巾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

468

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Phrase, Paragraph

Reading

Parts

勹Wrap 口Mouth

Example Word

挙げ句: result. The Japanese noun '挙げ句 (あげく)' refers to the final outcome or result of a situation, often implying that the result is negative or undesirable after a series of events. It is commonly used in the structure '～の挙げ句' to emphasize the culmination of a process. For example: After all that effort, he ended up failing「彼は努力の挙げ句、失敗した」(かれはどりょくのあげく、しっぱいした). After arguing for hours, they broke up「何時間も議論した挙げ句、彼らは別れた」(なんじかんもぎろんしたあげく、かれらはわかれた). This word carries a nuance of inevitability or resignation about the outcome.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

549

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

End

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood

Example Word

末期: end. The Japanese noun '末期 (まっき)' refers to the 'end' or 'final stage' of something, often implying the last phase of a period, era, or condition. It is commonly used in contexts such as the end of an era, the final stage of a disease, or the closing phase of a historical period. For example: the final stage of the disease「病気の末期」(びょうきのまっき). The end of the Edo period「江戸時代の末期」(えどじだいのまっき). This word carries a nuance of inevitability and often suggests a critical or irreversible state.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

551

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Boundary, Vicinity

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 刀Sword

Example Word

辺り: area. The Japanese noun '辺り (あたり)' refers to a general area or vicinity. It is often used to describe the surrounding area of a specific location. This word can be used in various contexts, such as indicating the area around a place, or the general vicinity of an event. For example: The area around the station is lively「駅の辺りは賑やかです」(えきのあたりはにぎやかです). I think I left my bag somewhere around here「カバンをこの辺りに置いたと思います」(かばんをこのあたりにおいたとおもいます). Note that '辺り' can also imply a sense of approximation or vagueness when referring to a location.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

567

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ball, Jewel

Reading

Parts

王King 丶Dot

Example Word

お年玉: money. The Japanese noun 'お年玉 (おとしだま)' refers to money given as a gift, typically during the New Year's holiday. It is a traditional custom in Japan where adults, especially parents and relatives, give money to children in small decorative envelopes called 'ポチ袋 (ぽちぶくろ)'. This practice is deeply rooted in Japanese culture and symbolizes good wishes for the new year. Example sentences: I received New Year's money from my uncle「おじさんからお年玉をもらいました」(おじさんからおとしだまをもらいました). Children are excited to receive New Year's money「子供たちはお年玉をもらうのを楽しみにしています」(こどもたちはおとしだまをもらうのをたのしみにしています).

Radical

玉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

571

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Show, Indicate

Reading

Parts

二Two 小Small

Example Word

掲示: posting. The Japanese verbal noun '掲示 (けいじ)' refers to the act of posting or displaying information publicly, such as notices, announcements, or signs. It is commonly used in contexts like bulletin boards, websites, or public spaces where information is shared. For example: The notice was posted on the bulletin board「掲示板に掲示されていた」(けいじばんにけいじされていた). Please check the posted information「掲示された情報を確認してください」(けいじされたじょうほうをかくにんしてください). This word is often used in formal or official settings.

Radical

示

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

574

Radical Form

礻

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bow, Salute

Reading

Parts

礻Cult (示)乙Second, Latter

Example Word

失礼: excuse or rude. The Japanese verbal noun '失礼 (しつれい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'rude', referring to behavior that is impolite or disrespectful. For example: That was rude「それは失礼でした」(それはしつれいでした). The second meaning is 'excuse', often used as a polite way to apologize or take leave. For example: Excuse me, I must leave now「失礼します、もう行かなければなりません」(しつれいします、もういかなければなりません). The word is commonly used in formal and casual settings to express politeness or acknowledge a social misstep.

Radical

示

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

605

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Not yet

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood

Example Word

未来: future. The Japanese noun '未来 (みらい)' means 'future'. It refers to the time that is yet to come or events that will happen after the present. This word is commonly used in various contexts, such as discussing future plans, predictions, or aspirations. For example: I am excited about the future「未来が楽しみです」(みらいがたのしみです). The future is full of possibilities「未来は可能性に満ちている」(みらいはかのうせいにみちている). It can also be used in more abstract or philosophical discussions about the future of humanity or technology.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

627

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Arrow

Reading

Parts

𠂉Person (人)大Big

Example Word

矢印: arrow. The Japanese noun '矢印 (やじるし)' means 'arrow'. It is commonly used to indicate direction or to point towards something specific, such as in signs, maps, or diagrams. For example: follow the arrow「矢印に従ってください」(やじるしにしたがってください). The arrow points to the exit「矢印は出口を指しています」(やじるしはでぐちをさしています). This word is often seen in everyday contexts, such as on road signs or in user interfaces, to guide people visually.

Radical

矢

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

637

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Eternity

Reading

Parts

水Water 丶Dot

Example Word

永久: eternal. The Japanese adjectival noun '永久 (えいきゅう)' means 'eternal' or 'permanent'. It is used to describe something that lasts forever or has no end. This word is often used in contexts related to time, nature, or abstract concepts. For example: eternal love「永久の愛」(えいきゅうのあい). The beauty of this place is eternal「この場所の美しさは永久だ」(このばしょのうつくしさはえいきゅうだ). Note that '永久' is often used in formal or poetic contexts to emphasize the timeless nature of something.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

664

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Copy, Photograph

Reading

Parts

冖Crown 与Give, Involvement

Example Word

写真: photo. The Japanese noun '写真 (しゃしん)' means 'photo' or 'photograph'. It refers to a picture taken with a camera or similar device. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can refer to both physical and digital photos. For example: I took a photo「写真を撮りました」(しゃしんをとりました). This is a beautiful photo「これは美しい写真です」(これはうつくしいしゃしんです). The word can also be used in compound terms, such as '写真集 (しゃしんしゅう)' (photo album) or '写真家 (しゃしんか)' (photographer).

Radical

冖

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

667

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Armor, Shell

Reading

Parts

田Rice field ｜

Example Word

甲: shell or first. The Japanese noun '甲 (こう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning refers to the shell of a turtle or tortoise, often used in traditional contexts or literature. For example: the turtle's shell is hard「亀の甲は硬い」(かめのこうはかたい). The second meaning is 'first' in a sequence, such as in the traditional ordering system (甲, 乙, 丙, etc.), which is similar to 'A, B, C' in English. For example: this is the first item「これは甲の項目です」(これはこうのこうもくです). The word is also used in compound words like '甲羅 (こうら)' (shell) or '甲乙 (こうおつ)' (first and second).

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

696

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Valve, Dialect

Reading

Parts

厶Private 廾Twenty

Example Word

弁論: debate. The Japanese verbal noun '弁論 (べんろん)' refers to a formal debate or argument, often in a structured setting such as a court, parliament, or academic environment. It emphasizes the act of presenting and defending a position logically and persuasively. For example: The lawyer's debate was impressive「弁護士の弁論は印象的だった」(べんごしのべんろんはいんしょうてきだった). The students participated in a debate competition「学生たちは弁論大会に参加した」(がくせいたちはべんろんたいかいにさんかした). This term is commonly used in legal, political, and educational contexts.

Radical

廾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

704

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Cloth, Linen

Reading

Example Word

布: cloth. The Japanese noun '布 (ぬの)' refers to 'cloth' or 'fabric'. It is used to describe woven material, typically made from fibers like cotton, wool, or synthetic materials. This word is commonly used in contexts involving clothing, textiles, or household items. For example: I bought new cloth「新しい布を買いました」(あたらしいぬのをかいました). This cloth is soft「この布は柔らかいです」(このぬのはやわらかいです). The word can also appear in compound nouns, such as '布団 (ふとん)' (futon, a type of bedding) or '布巾 (ふきん)' (dishcloth).

Radical

巾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

728

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Profound, Mysterious

Reading

Parts

亠Lid 幺Slight

Example Word

玄関: entrance. The Japanese noun '玄関 (げんかん)' refers to the entrance area of a house or building, typically where shoes are removed before entering. It is a culturally significant space in Japanese homes, often designed with a genkan step to separate the outside from the inside. For example: Please take off your shoes at the entrance「玄関で靴を脱いでください」(げんかんでくつをぬいでください). The entrance is very clean「玄関はとてもきれいです」(げんかんはとてもきれいです). This word is essential in daily life and reflects Japanese customs regarding cleanliness and respect for indoor spaces.

Radical

玄

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

758

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Dawn

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 一One

Example Word

一旦: once. The Japanese adverb '一旦 (いったん)' means 'once' or 'for the time being'. It is used to indicate a temporary pause, interruption, or a point in time when something is done or considered before proceeding further. It often implies that after this action or state, there will be a change or continuation. For example: Let's stop here once「一旦ここで止めましょう」(いったんここでとめましょう). Once I finish this, I'll take a break「一旦これを終えたら休憩します」(いったんこれをおえたらきゅうけいします). This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to suggest a temporary halt or reconsideration.

Radical

日

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

763

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Pay, Drive away

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)厶Private

Example Word

払い戻す: refund. The Japanese verb '払い戻す (はらいもどす)' means 'to refund' or 'to return money'. It is commonly used in situations where money is returned to a customer, such as after canceling a purchase or service. For example: The store refunded the money「店がお金を払い戻した」(みせがおかねをはらいもどした). I got a refund for the ticket「チケットの払い戻しを受けた」(チケットのはらいもどしをうけた). This verb is often used in formal or business contexts, and it implies a process of returning funds that were previously paid.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

779

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Orders

Reading

Parts

亼 卩Seal

Example Word

司令: command. The Japanese noun '司令 (しれい)' refers to 'command' or 'orders' in a military or organizational context. It is often used to describe the authority or instructions given by a commanding officer. For example: The general issued a command「将軍が司令を出した」(しょうぐんがしれいをだした). The headquarters is in charge of command「司令部が司令を担当している」(しれいぶがしれいをたんとうしている). This term is typically used in formal or hierarchical settings, emphasizing authority and control.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

781

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Skin

Reading

Parts

又Again 卜Divination 厂Cliff

Example Word

皮肉: irony or sarcasm. The Japanese adjectival noun '皮肉 (ひにく)' can mean both 'sarcasm' and 'irony'. It is used to describe situations, remarks, or expressions that convey a meaning opposite to what is literally stated, often with a mocking or critical tone. For example: His sarcastic remark hurt her feelings「彼の皮肉な発言は彼女の気持ちを傷つけた」(かれのひにくなはつげんはかのじょのきもちをきずつけた). It's ironic that the firefighter's house burned down「消防士の家が燃えたのは皮肉だ」(しょうぼうしのいえがもえたのはひにくだ). The word can also be used to describe situations where the outcome is contrary to what was expected, highlighting a twist of fate or unexpected result.

Radical

皮

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

796

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Number

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 丂Breath obstruction

Example Word

番号: number. The Japanese noun '番号 (ばんごう)' means 'number'. It refers to a numerical identifier used for various purposes, such as phone numbers, identification numbers, or serial numbers. For example: What is your phone number?「あなたの電話番号は何ですか？」(あなたのでんわばんごうはなんですか？). Please write your student number here「ここに学生番号を書いてください」(ここにがくせいばんごうをかいてください). This word is commonly used in formal and informal contexts to refer to any kind of numerical identifier.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

804

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Winter

Reading

Parts

夂Late 冫Ice (水)

Example Word

春夏秋冬: seasons. The Japanese noun '春夏秋冬 (しゅんかしゅうとう)' literally translates to 'spring, summer, autumn, winter,' collectively representing the four seasons. This word is often used to symbolize the passage of time or the cyclical nature of the year. It can be used in poetic or formal contexts to evoke imagery of nature and the changing seasons. For example: The beauty of the four seasons is unparalleled「春夏秋冬の美しさは比類ない」(しゅんかしゅうとうのうつくしさはひるいない). I love the rhythm of the seasons「私は春夏秋冬のリズムが好きです」(わたしはしゅんかしゅうとうのリズムがすきです). Note that this word is more formal and less commonly used in everyday conversation compared to simply saying '季節 (きせつ)' for 'season.'

Radical

冫

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

817

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wrap

Reading

Parts

勹Wrap 己Oneself

Example Word

包む: wrap. The Japanese verb '包む (つつむ)' means 'to wrap'. It is used to describe the action of enclosing something completely, often with paper, cloth, or another material. This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe enveloping or surrounding something, such as emotions or atmospheres. For example: I wrapped the gift「プレゼントを包んだ」(ぷれぜんとをつつんだ). The mountain was wrapped in mist「山は霧に包まれていた」(やまはきりにつつまれていた). Note that '包む' can also imply a sense of protection or concealment, depending on the context.

Radical

勹

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

825

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hole

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 八Eight

Example Word

穴: hole. The Japanese noun '穴 (あな)' means 'hole'. It refers to an opening or hollow space in a surface or object. This word can be used in various contexts, such as describing a hole in the ground, a hole in clothing, or even metaphorical holes like gaps in knowledge. For example: There is a hole in the wall「壁に穴がある」(かべにあながある). I found a hole in my sock「靴下に穴を見つけた」(くつしたにあなをみつけた). The word can also be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '穴があったら入りたい (あながあったらはいりたい)', which means 'I want to crawl into a hole' and expresses extreme embarrassment.

Radical

穴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

833

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Crime

Reading

Parts

犭 㔾

Example Word

犯: crime. The Japanese suffix '犯 (はん)' means 'crime' and is used to denote someone who has committed a specific type of crime. It is often attached to nouns to form compound words that describe the perpetrator of a crime. For example: a thief is a '窃盗犯 (せっとうはん)'. A murderer is a '殺人犯 (さつじんはん)'. This suffix is commonly used in legal and news contexts to specify the nature of the crime committed. Example sentences: The police arrested the thief「警察は窃盗犯を逮捕した」(けいさつはせっとうはんをたいほした). The murderer was sentenced to life imprisonment「殺人犯は終身刑を宣告された」(さつじんはんはしゅうしんけいをせんこくされた).

Radical

犬

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

893

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Merit, Achievement

Reading

Parts

力Power 工Construction

Example Word

成功: success. The Japanese verbal noun '成功 (せいこう)' means 'success'. It refers to the achievement of a desired goal or outcome. This word is commonly used in contexts related to personal, professional, or academic achievements. For example: His success was celebrated by everyone「彼の成功は皆に祝われた」(かれのせいこうはみんなにいわわれた). The project was a great success「そのプロジェクトは大成功だった」(そのプロジェクトはだいせいこうだった). Note that '成功' can also be used as a verb when combined with the auxiliary verb 'する', as in '成功する (せいこうする)', meaning 'to succeed'.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

991

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Seduce, Summon

Reading

Parts

刀Sword 口Mouth

Example Word

召し上がる: eat or drink. The Japanese verb '召し上がる (めしあがる)' is a polite honorific form used to express 'eat' or 'drink'. It is typically used when referring to someone of higher status or to show respect. For example: Please eat this「これを召し上がってください」(これをめしあがってください). Would you like to drink some tea?「お茶を召し上がりますか？」(おちゃをめしあがりますか？). This verb is often used in formal settings or when addressing guests. Note that it is not used to describe one's own actions, as it is considered humble to use '食べる (たべる)' or '飲む (のむ)' for oneself.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1011

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hermit

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)山Mountain

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1038

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Skill, Adept

Reading

Parts

工Construction 丂Breath obstruction

Example Word

巧み: skillful. The Japanese adjectival noun '巧み (たくみ)' means 'skillful'. It describes someone or something that is adept, clever, or masterful in performing a task or creating something. It often carries a nuance of artistry or finesse. For example: His skillful speech moved the audience「彼の巧みなスピーチは聴衆を感動させた」(かれのたくみなすぴーちはちょうしゅうをかんどうさせた). The artist's skillful brushwork is amazing「その画家の巧みな筆遣いは素晴らしい」(そのがかのたくみなふでづかいはすばらしい). This word is often used to describe craftsmanship, strategy, or performance.

Radical

工

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1069

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Old, Past

Reading

Parts

丨Stick 日Day, Sun

Example Word

旧: old. The Japanese noun '旧 (きゅう)' primarily means 'old' or 'former'. It is often used to refer to something that is outdated, previous, or no longer in use. This word is commonly seen in contexts such as '旧制度 (きゅうせいど)' meaning 'old system' or '旧友 (きゅうゆう)' meaning 'old friend'. It can also be used in historical contexts to refer to past eras or systems. For example: the old calendar「旧暦」(きゅうれき). This is the former president「これは旧大統領です」(これはきゅうだいとうりょうです). The word '旧' is often used in formal or written contexts and carries a nuance of something being replaced or outdated.

Radical

日

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1073

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sweet

Reading

Example Word

甘やかす: spoil. The Japanese verb '甘やかす (あまやかす)' means 'to spoil' or 'to pamper'. It is used to describe the act of indulging someone, often excessively, by giving them too much attention, leniency, or material things. This can lead to the person becoming dependent or lacking discipline. For example: She spoils her child「彼女は子供を甘やかす」(かのじょはこどもをあまやかす). Don't spoil your dog too much「犬を甘やかしすぎないで」(いぬをあまやかしすぎないで). The verb often carries a slightly negative connotation, implying that the indulgence is excessive or harmful.

Radical

甘

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1092

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ice

Reading

Parts

水Water 丶Dot

Example Word

氷: ice. The Japanese noun '氷 (こおり)' means 'ice'. This word refers to the solid form of water, typically found in cold environments or created artificially. It is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as describing ice cubes, icy surfaces, or frozen conditions. For example: The lake is covered with ice「湖は氷で覆われている」(みずうみはこおりでおおわれている). Please put some ice in the drink「飲み物に氷を入れてください」(のみものにこおりをいれてください). The word can also appear in compound nouns, such as '氷水 (こおりみず)' meaning 'ice water'.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1096

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Director

Reading

Parts

口Mouth

Example Word

司令: command. The Japanese noun '司令 (しれい)' refers to 'command' or 'orders' in a military or organizational context. It is often used to describe the authority or instructions given by a commanding officer. For example: The general issued a command「将軍が司令を出した」(しょうぐんがしれいをだした). The headquarters is in charge of command「司令部が司令を担当している」(しれいぶがしれいをたんとうしている). This term is typically used in formal or hierarchical settings, emphasizing authority and control.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1112

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Pressure

Reading

Parts

厂Cliff 土Soil

Example Word

血圧: blood pressure. The Japanese noun '血圧 (けつあつ)' refers to 'blood pressure', which is the pressure of circulating blood upon the walls of blood vessels. This term is commonly used in medical contexts and everyday health discussions. For example: My blood pressure is high「私の血圧は高いです」(わたしのけつあつはたかいです). It's important to monitor your blood pressure「血圧をチェックすることが大切です」(けつあつをチェックすることがたいせつです). The term is often used in conjunction with health advice or medical check-ups, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a healthy blood pressure level.

Radical

土

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1122

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Childhood, Infancy

Reading

Parts

幺Slight 力Power

Example Word

幼稚: immature. The Japanese adjectival noun '幼稚 (ようち)' means 'immature' or 'childish'. It is often used to describe behavior, thinking, or actions that are not appropriate for someone's age or position, suggesting a lack of maturity or sophistication. For example: His behavior is immature「彼の行動は幼稚だ」(かれのこうどうはようちだ). That idea is too childish「その考えは幼稚すぎる」(そのかんがえはようちすぎる). It can also refer to something being at an early stage of development, such as '幼稚な技術 (ようちなぎじゅつ)' (immature technology). Note that this word can carry a slightly negative connotation when used to describe people.

Radical

幺

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1141

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Butt, Buttocks

Reading

Parts

尸Corpse 九Nine

Example Word

尻: buttocks. The Japanese noun '尻 (しり)' primarily refers to the 'buttocks' or 'rear end'. It is a common and straightforward term used in everyday language. However, it can also carry additional meanings depending on the context, such as the 'bottom' or 'end' of something (e.g., the end of a road or a piece of clothing). For example: He fell on his buttocks「彼は尻をついた」(かれはしりをついた). The bottom of the box is broken「箱の尻が壊れている」(はこのしりがこわれている). While the word is not inherently vulgar, it is best used in informal or casual settings. In formal contexts, alternative terms like '臀部 (でんぶ)' might be more appropriate.

Radical

尸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1208

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Tag, Bill

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 乚

Example Word

名札: name tag. The Japanese noun '名札 (なふだ)' refers to a 'nametag', which is a small piece of paper, plastic, or other material that displays a person's name. Nametags are commonly used in workplaces, schools, events, or any situation where identification is necessary. For example: Please wear your nametag「名札を付けてください」(なふだをつけてください). I lost my nametag「名札をなくしました」(なふだをなくしました). The word is a combination of '名 (な)' meaning 'name' and '札 (ふだ)' meaning 'tag' or 'card'. It is a straightforward term with no significant nuances, but it is essential in formal or organized settings.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1211

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Fortune telling

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 卜Divination

Example Word

独占: monopoly. The Japanese verbal noun '独占 (どくせん)' means 'monopoly'. It refers to the exclusive control or possession of something, often in a business or economic context. This term is commonly used to describe a situation where a single entity has complete control over a market, product, or service, preventing competition. For example: The company has a monopoly on the market「その会社は市場を独占している」(そのかいしゃはしじょうをどくせんしている). He monopolized the conversation「彼は会話を独占した」(かれはかいわをどくせんした). The word can also be used in a more general sense to describe exclusive possession or control over something, not necessarily in a business context.

Radical

卜

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1220

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Scold

Reading

Example Word

叱る: scold. The Japanese verb '叱る (しかる)' means 'to scold' or 'to reprimand'. It is used when someone is being corrected or admonished for their behavior, often by someone in a position of authority, such as a parent, teacher, or boss. The tone can range from mild disapproval to strong rebuke. For example: The teacher scolded the student「先生は生徒を叱った」(せんせいはせいとをしかった). My mother scolded me for being late「母は私が遅れたことを叱った」(はははわたしがおくれたことをしかった). This verb is commonly used in situations where someone is being corrected for a mistake or misbehavior.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1224

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Huge, Giant

Reading

Example Word

巨人: giant. The Japanese noun '巨人 (きょじん)' means 'giant'. It refers to a being or creature of enormous size, often found in myths, legends, or fantasy stories. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something or someone of great importance or influence. For example: the giant in the story was very strong「物語の巨人はとても強かった」(ものがたりのきょじんはとてもつよかった). That company is a giant in the industry「あの会社は業界の巨人だ」(あのかいしゃはぎょうかいのきょじんだ). The word can also refer to the Yomiuri Giants, a famous Japanese baseball team.

Radical

工

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1225

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hill

Reading

Parts

一One 斤Axe, Catty

Example Word

丘: hill. The Japanese noun '丘 (おか)' means 'hill'. This word refers to a naturally raised area of land, not as high as a mountain, often with a rounded top. It is commonly used to describe geographical features in landscapes. For example: There is a small hill near my house「私の家の近くに小さな丘があります」(わたしのいえのちかくにちいさなおかがあります). We had a picnic on the hill「丘の上でピクニックをしました」(おかのうえでぴくにっくをしました). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a gentle rise or elevation in various contexts.

Radical

一

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1265

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Center

Reading

Parts

大Big 口Mouth

Example Word

中央: center or middle. The Japanese noun '中央 (ちゅうおう)' primarily means 'center' or 'middle'. It refers to the central part of something, whether it's a physical space, an organization, or a concept. For example: the center of the city「街の中央」(まちのちゅうおう). The middle of the room「部屋の中央」(へやのちゅうおう). It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as the central government「中央政府」(ちゅうおうせいふ). The word is versatile and can be applied to various contexts where the concept of centrality is relevant.

Radical

大

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1349

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Tile, Gram

Reading

Radical

瓦

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1407

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Plate

Reading

Parts

丨Stick 一One 冂Enclosure

Example Word

灰皿: ashtray. The Japanese noun '灰皿 (はいざら)' refers to an 'ashtray', a container used for collecting ash and cigarette butts. It is commonly found in smoking areas, restaurants, or homes where smoking is permitted. Example sentences: Please use the ashtray「灰皿を使ってください」(はいざらをつかってください). The ashtray is full「灰皿がいっぱいです」(はいざらがいっぱいです). This word is straightforward and does not carry additional meanings or nuances beyond its literal definition.

Radical

皿

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1463

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Book, Volume

Reading

Parts

冂Enclosure 卄

Example Word

冊: counter. The Japanese suffix '冊 (さつ)' is a counter used specifically for books, magazines, and other bound printed materials. It is attached to numbers to count these items. For example: one book「一冊」(いっさつ), two books「二冊」(にさつ). This counter is essential when discussing quantities of books or similar items in Japanese. Example sentences: I bought three books「本を三冊買いました」(ほんをさんさつかいました). She has five magazines「彼女は雑誌を五冊持っています」(かのじょはざっしをごさつもっています).

Radical

冂

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1508

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Nun, Priestess

Reading

Parts

尸Corpse 匕Spoon

Radical

尸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1529

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Halberd

Reading

Example Word

矛盾: contradiction. The Japanese verbal noun '矛盾 (むじゅん)' means 'contradiction'. It refers to a situation where two or more statements, ideas, or actions are mutually incompatible or inconsistent. This term is often used in logical, philosophical, or everyday contexts to describe conflicting elements. For example: there is a contradiction in his story「彼の話には矛盾がある」(かれのはなしにはむじゅんがある). The policy is full of contradictions「その政策は矛盾だらけだ」(そのせいさくはむじゅんだらけだ). The word originates from an ancient Chinese fable about a spear that could pierce any shield and a shield that could block any spear, highlighting the inherent contradiction.

Radical

矛

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1538

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Juice, Soup

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)十Ten

Example Word

汁: soup. The Japanese noun '汁 (つゆ)' primarily means 'soup'. It refers to a liquid dish, typically made by boiling ingredients such as vegetables, meat, or fish in water or stock. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can refer to various types of soup, including miso soup (味噌汁, みそしる). For example: I had miso soup for breakfast「朝ごはんに味噌汁を飲んだ」(あさごはんにみそしるをのんだ). This soup is delicious「この汁は美味しい」(このつゆはおいしい). Additionally, '汁' can sometimes refer to the liquid or juice that comes out of food, such as the juice from a fruit or the broth from a stew, but its primary and most common usage is to denote soup.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1552

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Moreover, Also

Reading

Example Word

且つ: and. The Japanese conjunction '且つ (かつ)' is used to connect two statements or ideas, similar to the English 'and'. However, it is more formal and often used in written language or formal speech. It emphasizes that both connected elements are true or applicable. For example: He is intelligent and diligent「彼は賢く且つ勤勉だ」(かれはかしこくかつきんべんだ). This method is effective and safe「この方法は効果的且つ安全だ」(このほうほうはこうかてきかつあんぜんだ). Note that '且つ' is less common in casual conversation, where 'そして' or 'そして' might be used instead.

Radical

一

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1576

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Publish, Edition

Reading

Parts

干Dry 刂Sword (刀)

Example Word

夕刊: evening newspaper. The Japanese noun '夕刊 (ゆうかん)' means 'evening newspaper.' This word refers to a newspaper that is published and distributed in the evening, typically containing the latest news and updates of the day. It is often contrasted with '朝刊 (ちょうかん)', which is the morning edition. Example sentences include: I read the evening newspaper every day 「私は毎日夕刊を読みます」 (わたしはまいにちゆうかんをよみます). The evening newspaper has more local news 「夕刊には地元のニュースが多い」 (ゆうかんにはじもとのニュースがおおい). Note that '夕刊' is specifically used to refer to newspapers and not other types of evening publications.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1585

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Prisoner, Criminal

Reading

Parts

人Person 囗Box

Radical

囗

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1646

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Government office, Agency

Reading

Parts

广Dotted cliff 丁Street

Example Word

庁: agency. The Japanese noun '庁 (ちょう)' refers to a government agency or office. It is commonly used in the names of governmental or administrative bodies, such as '警察庁 (けいさつちょう)' (National Police Agency) or '環境庁 (かんきょうちょう)' (Environment Agency). This term is formal and typically appears in official contexts. For example: The agency issued a new policy「庁は新しい政策を発表した」(ちょうはあたらしいせいさくをはっぴょうした). He works at the tax agency「彼は税務庁で働いている」(かれはぜいむちょうではたらいている). Note that '庁' is often part of compound words and is rarely used standalone.

Radical

广

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1679

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Fang, Tusk

Reading

Radical

牙

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1818

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Expel, Reject

Reading

Parts

斤Axe, Catty

Radical

斤

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1889

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Concave, Hollow

Reading

Parts

凵Open box

Radical

凵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1922

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Convex, Uneven

Reading

Parts

凵Open box

Radical

凵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

2042

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Third, Third class

Reading

Parts

一One 内Inside

Radical

一

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

2064

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Rice bowl

Reading

Parts

井Well 丶Dot

Example Word

丼: bowl. The Japanese noun '丼 (どんぶり)' refers to a type of bowl, typically deep and used for serving rice dishes. It is commonly associated with dishes like '牛丼 (ぎゅうどん)' (beef bowl) or '親子丼 (おやこどん)' (chicken and egg bowl). The term can also refer to the dish itself served in such a bowl. For example: I ate a beef bowl「牛丼を食べた」(ぎゅうどんをたべた). This bowl is big「この丼は大きい」(このどんぶりはおおきい). The word is often used in the context of Japanese cuisine and dining.

Radical

丶

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

2095

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wide, Spread out

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)㔾

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

2103

Handwriting