Jōyō KanjiOrganized by School Grade

kanji

Meaning

Thing

Reading

Parts

⺕Hand 亅Barb 一One 口Mouth

Example Word

事情: circumstances. The Japanese noun '事情 (じじょう)' refers to 'circumstances' or 'situation'. It is used to describe the conditions or reasons behind a particular state of affairs. This word is often used in formal or serious contexts to explain why something has happened or why a decision was made. For example: Due to personal circumstances, I cannot attend the meeting「事情により、会議に出席できません」(じじょうにより、かいぎにしゅっせきできません). The company explained the circumstances behind the delay「会社は遅延の事情を説明しました」(かいしゃはちえんのじじょうをせつめいしました). It can also be used to refer to the background or context of a situation, such as in '事情聴取 (じじょうちょうしゅ)', which means 'hearing the circumstances'.

Radical

亅

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

16

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Someone

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 耂Old (老)

Example Word

何者: what or who. The Japanese noun '何者 (なにもの)' is used to inquire about someone's identity or nature. It can be translated as 'who' or 'what' depending on the context. This word is often used in questions to ask about the identity of a person or the nature of something. For example: Who are you?「あなたは何者ですか？」(あなたはなにものですか？). What kind of person is he?「彼は何者ですか？」(かれはなにものですか？). It is important to note that '何者' can carry a slightly formal or dramatic tone, and is often used in contexts where the speaker is questioning the true nature or identity of someone or something.

Radical

老

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

29

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Thing

Reading

Parts

牛Cow 勿Must not

Example Word

贈り物: gift. The Japanese noun '贈り物 (おくりもの)' means 'gift'. It refers to something given to someone as a present, often to show appreciation, celebrate an occasion, or express goodwill. This word is commonly used in contexts like birthdays, weddings, or holidays. For example: I received a gift from my friend「友達から贈り物をもらった」(ともだちからおくりものをもらった). She prepared a gift for her mother「彼女は母親に贈り物を用意した」(かのじょはははおやにおくりものをよういした). The word can also imply thoughtfulness or care in choosing the gift.

Radical

牛

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

38

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hold

Reading

Parts

寺Temple 扌Hand (手)

Example Word

持ち主: owner. The Japanese noun '持ち主 (もちぬし)' refers to the 'owner' of something, typically an object or possession. It is used to indicate who has rightful possession or control over an item. For example: The owner of this bag is kind「このバッグの持ち主は優しい」(このバッグのもちぬしはやさしい). I found the owner of the lost wallet「落とした財布の持ち主を見つけた」(おとしたさいふのもちぬしをみつけた). The word is neutral in tone and can be used in both formal and informal contexts. It is important to note that '持ち主' specifically refers to the person who owns or possesses something, rather than the act of owning itself.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

47

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Shop, Roof

Reading

Parts

尸Corpse 至Arrive, Climax

Example Word

床屋: barber. The Japanese noun '床屋 (とこや)' refers to a 'barber' or a 'barbershop'. It is commonly used to describe a place where men go to get their hair cut or styled. The term is often associated with traditional barbershops, which may also offer services like shaving. Example sentences: I went to the barber「床屋に行った」(とこやにいった). The barber is skilled「床屋は上手だ」(とこやはじょうずだ). Note that '床屋' is typically used for male-oriented haircuts, while '美容院 (びよういん)' is more commonly used for hair salons catering to women.

Radical

尸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

49

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Way, Form

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 羊Sheep 氺Water (水)

Example Word

仕様: specification. The Japanese noun '仕様 (しよう)' refers to a 'specification' or 'design'. It is commonly used in technical, engineering, or product development contexts to describe the detailed requirements, features, or parameters of a system, product, or process. For example: the specification of this machine is complex「この機械の仕様は複雑です」(このきかいのしようはふくざつです). We need to check the product specifications「製品の仕様を確認する必要があります」(せいひんのしようをかくにんするひつようがあります). The word can also imply the way something is designed or intended to function, as in '仕様書 (しようしょ)' (specification document).

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

56

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Degrees, Times

Reading

Parts

广Dotted cliff 又Again 廿Twenty

Example Word

程度: degree. The Japanese noun '程度 (ていど)' refers to the extent, degree, or level of something. It is often used to describe the magnitude, intensity, or scope of a situation, condition, or action. For example: to what degree is it damaged?「どの程度壊れていますか？」(どのていどこわれていますか？). The degree of difficulty is high「難易度の程度は高い」(なんいどのていどはたかい). This word is versatile and can be applied to various contexts, such as measuring the severity of an issue, the intensity of an emotion, or the scope of an event. It is commonly used in both formal and informal settings.

Radical

广

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

58

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Idea

Reading

Parts

音Sound 心Heart

Example Word

意地悪: spite. The Japanese verbal noun '意地悪 (いじわる)' refers to a spiteful or mean-spirited action or behavior. It is often used to describe someone who intentionally does something to annoy, upset, or harm others. For example: He did it out of spite「彼は意地悪でそれをした」(かれはいじわるでそれをした). Don't be mean to others「他人に意地悪をしないで」(たにんにいじわるをしないで). The term can also describe a person who is habitually spiteful, as in '意地悪な人 (いじわるなひと) (a spiteful person)'. It is important to note that '意地悪' carries a negative connotation and is used to criticize such behavior.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

59

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Body, Self

Reading

Parts

自Self 亅Barb 丿Katakana no

Example Word

半身: half body. The Japanese noun '半身 (はんしん)' literally means 'half of the body'. It is often used in contexts such as martial arts, yoga, or physical training to refer to the upper or lower half of the body. For example: focus on your upper half「上半身に集中する」(じょうはんしんにしゅうちゅうする). In martial arts, it can also refer to a stance where only half of the body is exposed to the opponent. Additionally, it can be used metaphorically to describe partial involvement or commitment, such as 'half-hearted'. Example: he gave a half-hearted effort「彼は半身の努力をした」(かれははんしんのどりょくをした).

Radical

身

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

64

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Place

Reading

Parts

戸Door 斤Axe, Catty

Example Word

洗面所: washroom. The Japanese noun '洗面所 (せんめんじょ)' refers to a 'washroom' or 'bathroom sink area'. It is specifically used to describe the area where one washes their face, brushes their teeth, or performs other personal hygiene tasks. This term is commonly used in homes, hotels, and public facilities. For example: The washroom is on the first floor「洗面所は一階にあります」(せんめんじょはいっかいにあります). I left my toothbrush in the washroom「洗面所に歯ブラシを忘れました」(せんめんじょにはブラシをわすれました). Note that this term is distinct from 'トイレ (といれ)', which specifically refers to the toilet area.

Radical

戶

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

65

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Fruit, Truth

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 𡗗Folded hands

Example Word

実物: real or actual. The Japanese noun '実物 (じつぶつ)' refers to something that is real or actual, as opposed to a representation or imitation. It is often used to emphasize the authenticity or physical presence of an object. For example: I want to see the real thing「実物を見たい」(じつぶつをみたい). This is the actual product「これは実物です」(これはじつぶつです). The term can be used in various contexts, such as art, commerce, or everyday conversation, to distinguish between the genuine article and a replica or model.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

69

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ruler, You

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 尹Official rank

Example Word

君主: monarch. The Japanese noun '君主 (くんしゅ)' refers to a 'monarch', a sovereign head of state, especially a king, queen, or emperor. This term is used in historical, political, and formal contexts to denote a ruler with supreme authority over a state or territory. For example: The monarch ruled the country wisely「君主は国を賢く治めた」(くんしゅはくにをかしこくおさめた). The power of the monarch was absolute「君主の権力は絶対的だった」(くんしゅのけんりょくはぜったいてきだった). The term can also be used metaphorically in literature or discussions about leadership and authority.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

75

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Substitute, Era

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)弋Ceremony

Example Word

代わる代わる: alternately. The Japanese adverb '代わる代わる (かわるがわる)' means 'alternately' or 'taking turns'. It is used to describe actions or events that occur in succession, with one person or thing replacing another in a sequence. This adverb is often used when multiple people or things are involved in an activity, and they take turns performing the action. For example: we took turns reading the book「私たちは代わる代わる本を読みました」(わたしたちはかわるがわるほんをよみました). The children played on the swing alternately「子供たちは代わる代わるブランコに乗りました」(こどもたちはかわるがわるブランコにのりました). It's important to note that this adverb emphasizes the idea of taking turns or alternating in a systematic manner.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

78

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Face, Surface

Reading

Parts

丆Cliff (厂)囗Box 丨Stick 二Two

Example Word

地面: ground. The Japanese noun '地面 (じめん)' refers to the surface of the earth, specifically the ground or soil. It is commonly used to describe the physical ground beneath our feet, whether it's soil, dirt, or any natural surface. For example: The ground is wet「地面が濡れている」(じめんがぬれている). He fell to the ground「彼は地面に倒れた」(かれはじめんにたおれた). This word is neutral and can be used in various contexts, from everyday conversation to scientific descriptions. It does not imply any specific type of ground, such as grass or concrete, unless specified by additional context.

Radical

面

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

80

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

World, Generation

Reading

Parts

廿Twenty 𠃊Second (乙)

Example Word

世話: care. The Japanese verbal noun '世話 (せわ)' primarily means 'care' or 'looking after'. It is commonly used to describe the act of taking care of someone or something, such as a person, animal, or even a task. It can also imply assistance or help in a broader sense. For example: Thank you for taking care of my dog「私の犬の世話をしてくれてありがとう」(わたしのいぬのせわをしてくれてありがとう). She is busy taking care of her children「彼女は子供の世話で忙しい」(かのじょはこどものせわでいそがしい). The word can also be used in idiomatic expressions like '世話になる (せわになる)', which means 'to be indebted to someone' or 'to receive help'. For instance: I am indebted to him「彼には世話になっています」(かれにはせわになっています).

Radical

一

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

81

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Feeling, Sensation

Reading

Parts

心Heart 咸Same

Example Word

感想: impression. The Japanese noun '感想 (かんそう)' refers to one's thoughts, impressions, or feelings about something, often after experiencing or observing it. It is commonly used in contexts like sharing opinions about a movie, book, or event. For example: What are your impressions of the movie?「映画の感想は？」(えいがのかんそうは？). I shared my thoughts about the trip「旅行の感想を話しました」(りょこうのかんそうをはなしました). This word is neutral and can be used in both formal and casual settings.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

83

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Master

Reading

Parts

丶Dot 王King

Example Word

民主: democracy. The Japanese noun '民主 (みんしゅ)' means 'democracy'. It refers to a system of government where power is vested in the people, who exercise it directly or through elected representatives. This term is often used in political contexts and can be combined with other words to form related terms, such as '民主主義 (みんしゅしゅぎ)' (democracy as a political ideology). Example sentences: Democracy is important「民主は大切です」(みんしゅはたいせつです). The country values democracy「その国は民主を重視しています」(そのくにはみんしゅをじゅうししています).

Radical

丶

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

85

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Take

Reading

Parts

又Again 耳Ear

Example Word

遣り取り: exchange. The Japanese noun '遣り取り (やりとり)' refers to an exchange or interaction, often involving communication, goods, or actions between two or more parties. It is commonly used to describe the back-and-forth nature of conversations, transactions, or even physical exchanges. For example: We had a lively exchange of ideas「活発な意見の遣り取りがあった」(かっぱつないけんのやりとりがあった). The exchange of gifts was heartfelt「贈り物の遣り取りは心温まるものだった」(おくりもののやりとりはこころあたたまるものだった). This word emphasizes the mutual and reciprocal nature of the interaction.

Radical

又

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

93

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Section, Department

Reading

Parts

咅Spit ⻏Mound (阜)

Example Word

部屋: room. The Japanese noun '部屋 (へや)' means 'room'. It refers to a space within a building, enclosed by walls, a floor, and a ceiling, typically used for a specific purpose such as living, sleeping, or working. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to describe rooms in homes, offices, or other buildings. For example: This room is bright「この部屋は明るい」(このへやはあかるい). I cleaned my room「私は部屋を掃除した」(わたしはへやをそうじした). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '寝室 (しんしつ) (bedroom)' or '会議室 (かいぎしつ) (meeting room)', but '部屋' alone generally refers to a generic room.

Radical

邑

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

94

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

God

Reading

Parts

礻Cult (示)申Report

Example Word

神秘: mystery. The Japanese noun '神秘 (しんぴ)' means 'mystery' or 'something mysterious'. It is often used to describe phenomena, events, or concepts that are beyond human understanding or have an aura of wonder. This word carries a sense of awe and reverence, often associated with the supernatural, spiritual, or unexplainable. For example: the mystery of the universe「宇宙の神秘」(うちゅうのしんぴ). The beauty of nature holds a deep mystery「自然の美しさには深い神秘がある」(しぜんのうつくしさにはふかいしんぴがある). It is commonly used in both everyday and literary contexts to evoke a sense of wonder or intrigue.

Radical

示

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

99

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Next

Reading

Parts

冫Ice (水)欠Lack

Example Word

次いで: next. The Japanese adverb '次いで (ついで)' means 'next' or 'following'. It is used to indicate the order of events, actions, or items in a sequence. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to describe what comes immediately after something else. For example: The first prize went to John, and next was Mary「一等賞はジョンで、次いでメアリーだった」(いっとうしょうはジョンで、ついでメアリーだった). After the main course, next came dessert「メインコースの次いでデザートが出た」(メインコースのついでデザートがでた). Note that '次いで' is more formal than '次に (つぎに)', which is a more common way to say 'next' in everyday conversation.

Radical

欠

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

101

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Facing, Yonder

Reading

Parts

丿Katakana no 冋Desert

Example Word

向こう: other side or beyond. The Japanese noun '向こう (むこう)' primarily means 'beyond' or 'the other side'. It is used to refer to a place or area that is on the opposite side of a certain point, often implying a sense of distance or separation. For example: The town beyond the river「川の向こうの町」(かわのむこうのまち). The other side of the mountain「山の向こう」(やまのむこう). It can also be used metaphorically to refer to something that is beyond one's current understanding or reach, such as 'beyond my imagination'「私の想像の向こう」(わたしのそうぞうのむこう). This word is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

103

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Mutual

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 目Eye

Example Word

相対: relative. The Japanese noun '相対 (そうたい)' means 'relative'. It refers to something that is considered in relation or comparison to something else, rather than being absolute. This term is often used in contexts involving comparison, relativity, or opposition. For example: relative position「相対的な位置」(そうたいてきないち). Relative truth「相対的な真実」(そうたいてきなしんじつ). The concept of '相対' is fundamental in discussions about perspectives, relationships, and comparisons in various fields such as philosophy, physics, and everyday life.

Radical

目

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

104

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Move

Reading

Parts

重Heavy 力Power

Example Word

動作: movement or operation. The Japanese noun '動作 (どうさ)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'movement', referring to the physical motion of a person, animal, or object. For example: the robot's movements are smooth「ロボットの動作は滑らかです」(ロボットのどうさはなめらかです). The second meaning is 'operation', referring to the functioning or performance of a machine, system, or software. For example: the software's operation is stable「ソフトウェアの動作は安定しています」(ソフトウェアのどうさはあんていしています). The word is commonly used in both technical and everyday contexts, depending on the situation.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

106

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Flat

Reading

Parts

干Dry 丷Divide

Example Word

平: flat. The Japanese noun '平 (たいら)' means 'flat'. It is used to describe something that is level, even, or without bumps or curves. This word can refer to physical surfaces, such as a flat table or a flat piece of land, as well as abstract concepts like a calm or even state of mind. For example: the ground is flat「地面は平だ」(じめんはたいらだ). She has a calm and even personality「彼女は平な性格だ」(かのじょはたいらなせいかくだ). Note that '平' can also be used in compound words, such as '平らな道 (たいらなみち)' (flat road).

Radical

干

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

111

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Flavor

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 未Not yet

Example Word

無意味: meaningless. The Japanese adjectival noun '無意味 (むいみ)' means 'meaningless'. It is used to describe something that lacks purpose, significance, or value. This word is often used in contexts where actions, words, or events are perceived as futile or without any meaningful outcome. For example: His efforts were meaningless「彼の努力は無意味だった」(かれのどりょくはむいみだった). This conversation is meaningless「この会話は無意味だ」(このかいわはむいみだ). The word can also be used to describe abstract concepts, such as life or existence, when they are perceived as lacking purpose. Note that '無意味' is often used in a negative or critical tone, so it should be used carefully depending on the context.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

117

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Death

Reading

Parts

匕Spoon 歹Bad

Example Word

必死に: desperately. The Japanese adverb '必死に (ひっしに)' means 'desperately' or 'with all one's might'. It is used to describe actions performed with extreme effort, urgency, or determination, often in situations where failure is not an option. This word carries a strong sense of urgency and can be used in both positive and negative contexts. For example: He desperately tried to escape「彼は必死に逃げようとした」(かれはひっしににげようとした). She studied desperately for the exam「彼女は試験のために必死に勉強した」(かのじょはしけんのためにひっしにべんきょうした). The word can also imply a sense of life-or-death seriousness, depending on the context.

Radical

歹

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

120

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Leaf

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 枼Table

Example Word

絵葉書: postcard. The Japanese noun '絵葉書 (えはがき)' refers to a 'postcard', specifically one that features a picture or illustration, often used for sending messages or greetings. This term combines '絵 (え)' meaning 'picture' and '葉書 (はがき)' meaning 'postcard'. It is commonly used in contexts where people send illustrated postcards from travel destinations or special occasions. For example: I bought a postcard at the museum「博物館で絵葉書を買いました」(はくぶつかんでえはがきをかいました). She sent me a beautiful postcard from Kyoto「彼女は京都からきれいな絵葉書を送ってくれました」(かのじょはきょうとからきれいなえはがきをおくってくれました).

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

127

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Whole, All

Reading

Parts

王King 𠆢Person (人)

Example Word

完全: complete. The Japanese adjectival noun '完全 (かんぜん)' means 'complete' or 'perfect'. It is used to describe something that is whole, without any deficiencies, or fully realized. This term can be applied to a wide range of contexts, from physical objects to abstract concepts. For example: This is a complete set「これは完全なセットです」(これはかんぜんなセットです). The plan was executed perfectly「計画は完全に実行された」(けいかくはかんぜんにじっこうされた). Note that '完全' can also be used to emphasize the entirety or perfection of a situation or object, often implying that nothing is missing or out of place.

Radical

入

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

135

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Truth

Reading

Parts

十Ten 具Tool

Example Word

真面目: serious or earnest. The Japanese adjectival noun '真面目 (まじめ)' primarily means 'serious' or 'earnest'. It is used to describe someone who is diligent, hardworking, or sincere in their actions or attitude. This word often carries a positive connotation, implying reliability and responsibility. However, it can also imply being overly serious or lacking a sense of humor in certain contexts. Example sentences: He is a serious student「彼は真面目な学生です」(かれはまじめながくせいです). She is earnest about her work「彼女は仕事に真面目です」(かのじょはしごとにまじめです). Note that '真面目' can also describe objects or situations that are genuine or authentic, though this usage is less common.

Radical

目

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

142

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Beautiful

Reading

Parts

𦍌Sheep (羊)大Big

Example Word

美人: beauty. The Japanese noun '美人 (びじん)' refers to a beautiful woman or a beauty. It is commonly used to describe someone who is physically attractive, often emphasizing facial beauty. The term can be used in both formal and informal contexts, but it is generally considered a compliment. For example: She is a beauty「彼女は美人だ」(かのじょはびじんだ). That actress is a famous beauty「あの女優は有名な美人だ」(あのじょゆうはゆうめいなびじんだ). The word can also be used in idiomatic expressions or proverbs, such as '美人薄命 (びじんはくめい)', which means 'beautiful women often have unfortunate fates.'

Radical

羊

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

144

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Against

Reading

Parts

寸Measurement 文Sentence

Example Word

反対: reverse or opposition. The Japanese verbal noun '反対 (はんたい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'opposition,' referring to being against something or someone, such as in a disagreement or protest. For example: I am against this plan「私はこの計画に反対です」(わたしはこのけいかくにはんたいです). The second meaning is 'reverse,' indicating the opposite direction or side. For example: Please write it in reverse order「反対の順番で書いてください」(はんたいのじゅんばんでかいてください). The word is versatile and can be used in both abstract and concrete contexts, depending on the situation.

Radical

寸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

148

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Fall

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 氵Water (水)各Each

Example Word

段落: paragraph. The Japanese noun '段落 (だんらく)' refers to a 'paragraph', a distinct section of a piece of writing, typically dealing with a single theme and indicated by a new line, indentation, or numbering. It is commonly used in both written and spoken Japanese to refer to sections of text. For example: Please read the next paragraph「次の段落を読んでください」(つぎのだんらくをよんでください). This paragraph is difficult to understand「この段落は理解しにくい」(このだんらくはりかいしにくい). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe phases or stages in a process or story.

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

152

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Serve

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)士Samurai

Example Word

お仕舞い: end. The Japanese noun 'お仕舞い (おしまい)' means 'end' or 'conclusion'. It is often used to indicate the conclusion of an event, story, or activity. This word carries a sense of finality and is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: the movie has ended「映画はお仕舞いです」(えいがはおしまいです). The party is over「パーティーはお仕舞い」(パーティーはおしまい). It can also be used to express that something is finished or done, as in 'that's it' or 'that's all'. Note that 'お仕舞い' is often written in hiragana as 'おしまい' in modern usage.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

155

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Equal

Reading

Parts

⺮Bamboo (竹)寺Temple

Example Word

等々: etc. The Japanese suffix '等々 (とうとう)' is used to indicate that there are additional items or examples that are not explicitly listed, similar to 'etc.' or 'and so on' in English. It is often used in both formal and informal contexts to imply a continuation of a list without specifying every item. For example: I bought apples, oranges, etc.「りんごやオレンジ等々を買いました」(りんごやオレンジとうとうをかいました). The meeting discussed budgets, schedules, etc.「会議では予算やスケジュール等々について話し合いました」(かいぎではよさんやスケジュールとうとうについてはなしあいました). This suffix is versatile and can be used in various contexts to avoid listing every single item or detail.

Radical

竹

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

164

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Exist

Reading

Parts

𠂇Cliff (厂)月Moon, Month

Example Word

有する: possess. The Japanese verb '有する (ゆうする)' means 'to possess' or 'to have'. It is a formal or literary term often used in written language or formal speech. This verb is typically used to indicate ownership, possession, or the existence of something abstract, such as rights, qualities, or characteristics. For example: He possesses great talent「彼は才能を有する」(かれはさいのうをゆうする). This country has abundant natural resources「この国は豊かな天然資源を有する」(このくにはゆたかなてんねんしげんをゆうする). Note that '有する' is more formal than the common verb '持つ (もつ)', which also means 'to have' or 'to hold'.

Radical

月

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

165

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Question, Problem

Reading

Parts

門Gate 口Mouth

Example Word

学問: learning or scholarship. The Japanese verbal noun '学問 (がくもん)' refers to the pursuit of knowledge, academic study, or scholarship. It encompasses both the act of learning and the body of knowledge acquired through study. This term is often used in formal or academic contexts to describe scholarly activities or disciplines. For example: He devoted his life to scholarship「彼は学問に一生を捧げた」(かれはがくもんにいっしょうをささげた). Learning is important for personal growth「学問は個人の成長にとって重要だ」(がくもんはこじんのせいちょうにとってじゅうようだ). Note that '学問' can also imply a systematic or rigorous approach to studying, distinguishing it from casual learning.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

167

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Arrive, Wear

Reading

Parts

目Eye ⺶Sheep (羊)

Example Word

厚着: heavy clothing. The Japanese verbal noun '厚着 (あつぎ)' refers to the act of wearing heavy or thick clothing, typically to keep warm in cold weather. It is often used to describe bundling up or layering clothes. For example: She is wearing heavy clothing to stay warm「彼女は厚着をして暖かくしている」(かのじょはあつぎをしてあたたかくしている). In winter, thick clothing is necessary「冬には厚着が必要だ」(ふゆにはあつぎがひつようだ). This term is commonly used in contexts related to cold weather preparation and comfort.

Radical

目

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

168

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Evil

Reading

Parts

心Heart 亜Asia

Example Word

意地悪: spite. The Japanese verbal noun '意地悪 (いじわる)' refers to a spiteful or mean-spirited action or behavior. It is often used to describe someone who intentionally does something to annoy, upset, or harm others. For example: He did it out of spite「彼は意地悪でそれをした」(かれはいじわるでそれをした). Don't be mean to others「他人に意地悪をしないで」(たにんにいじわるをしないで). The term can also describe a person who is habitually spiteful, as in '意地悪な人 (いじわるなひと) (a spiteful person)'. It is important to note that '意地悪' carries a negative connotation and is used to criticize such behavior.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

171

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ordinal number

Reading

Parts

⺮Bamboo (竹)弟Younger brother

Example Word

次第に: gradually. The Japanese adverb '次第に (しだいに)' means 'gradually'. It is used to describe a process or change that occurs slowly over time. This adverb is often used in contexts where something is evolving or progressing in a steady manner. For example: The sky gradually darkened「空が次第に暗くなった」(そらがしだいにくらくなった). Her health gradually improved「彼女の健康は次第に回復した」(かのじょのけんこうはしだいにかいふくした). It can also be used to indicate that something will happen in due course, depending on circumstances, as in 'I will contact you as soon as possible「次第に連絡します」(しだいにれんらくします)'. Note that this usage is less common and more formal.

Radical

竹

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

173

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Heavy

Reading

Parts

里Hometown 千Thousand

Example Word

重点: emphasis or key point. The Japanese noun '重点 (じゅうてん)' refers to the main point, emphasis, or focal point of something. It is often used to describe the central idea or the most important aspect of a topic, plan, or discussion. For example: The emphasis is on quality「重点は品質にあります」(じゅうてんはひんしつにあります). The keypoint of the plan is cost reduction「計画の重点はコスト削減です」(けいかくのじゅうてんはコストさくげんです). This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to highlight what is most critical or significant.

Radical

里

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

179

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wake up

Reading

Parts

走Run 己Oneself

Example Word

早起き: early rising. The Japanese verbal noun '早起き (はやおき)' means 'early rising' or 'getting up early'. It is used to describe the act of waking up early in the morning. This word is often associated with a positive habit or lifestyle choice. For example: I like early rising「私は早起きが好きです」(わたしははやおきがすきです). Early rising is good for health「早起きは健康に良い」(はやおきはけんこうにいい). The word can also be used in compound phrases, such as '早起きする (はやおきする)', which means 'to get up early'.

Radical

走

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

187

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Departure

Reading

Parts

癶Dotted tent 开Open

Example Word

爆発: explosion. The Japanese verbal noun '爆発 (ばくはつ)' means 'explosion'. It refers to a sudden and violent release of energy, often accompanied by a loud noise and destruction. This word can be used literally, such as in the context of a bomb exploding, or figuratively, to describe a sudden outburst of emotions or events. For example: The explosion was heard far away「爆発が遠くまで聞こえた」(ばくはつがとおくまできこえた). His anger exploded「彼の怒りが爆発した」(かれのいかりがばくはつした). The word can also be used in compound forms, such as '爆発物 (ばくはつぶつ)' (explosive material) or '爆発力 (ばくはつりょく)' (explosive power).

Radical

癶

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

188

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Flow

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)㐬Newborn

Example Word

海流: current. The Japanese noun '海流 (かいりゅう)' refers to the flow or current of the ocean. It specifically describes the movement of water in the sea, which can be influenced by factors such as wind, temperature, and the Earth's rotation. This term is often used in scientific or geographical contexts. For example: The ocean current is strong「海流が強い」(かいりゅうがつよい). The Kuroshio Current is a well-known ocean current「黒潮は有名な海流です」(くろしおはゆうめいなかいりゅうです). Understanding 海流 is important for navigation, marine biology, and climate studies.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

192

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Return

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 反Anti

Example Word

返る: return. The Japanese verb '返る (かえる)' means 'to return' or 'to go back'. It is often used to describe the act of returning to a place, state, or condition. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as returning home, returning to a previous state, or even returning an item. For example: I will return home「家に返る」(いえにかえる). The book returned to the library「本が図書館に返った」(ほんがとしょかんにかえった). It's important to note that '返る' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. Instead, it often pairs with particles like 'に' to indicate the destination or target of the return.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

199

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Help

Reading

Parts

且Moreover, Also 力Power

Example Word

救助: rescue. The Japanese verbal noun '救助 (きゅうじょ)' means 'rescue'. It refers to the act of saving someone from danger, distress, or harm. This term is often used in contexts involving emergencies, such as natural disasters, accidents, or life-threatening situations. For example: The rescue team arrived quickly「救助隊がすぐに到着した」(きゅうじょたいがすぐにとうちゃくした). They provided rescue to the victims「彼らは被害者に救助を提供した」(かれらはひがいしゃにきゅうじょをていきょうした). The word can also be used in a broader sense to describe helping someone in need, but it is most commonly associated with urgent or critical situations.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

200

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Other

Radical Form Of

亻

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)也To be

Example Word

他方: other or another. The Japanese noun '他方 (たほう)' means 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to a different or alternative side, direction, or aspect of something. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to contrast two different things or perspectives. For example: On the other hand, he is very kind「他方、彼はとても親切だ」(たほう、かれはとてもしんせつだ). Another example: We need to consider the other side of the argument「議論の他方を考慮する必要がある」(ぎろんのたほうをこうりょするひつようがある). The word '他方' can also be used to indicate a different direction or place, such as in the sentence: The store is on the other side of the street「店は通りの他方にある」(みせはとおりのたほうにある).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

202

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Command, Life

Reading

Parts

令Orders 口Mouth

Example Word

運命: fate. The Japanese noun '運命 (うんめい)' means 'fate' or 'destiny'. It refers to the predetermined course of events in a person's life, often beyond their control. This word is commonly used in both everyday conversations and literary contexts to express the idea of an inevitable outcome. For example: it was fate that we met「私たちが出会ったのは運命だった」(わたしたちがであったのはうんめいだった). He believes in fate「彼は運命を信じている」(かれはうんめいをしんじている). The word can also carry a sense of inevitability or predestination, often used in philosophical or romantic contexts.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

203

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Concept

Reading

Parts

心Heart 相Mutual

Example Word

理想: ideal. The Japanese noun '理想 (りそう)' means 'ideal'. It refers to a standard of perfection or excellence that is often strived for but may not be fully attainable. This word is commonly used in contexts related to personal aspirations, societal goals, or philosophical concepts. For example: his ideal is world peace「彼の理想は世界平和です」(かれのりそうはせかいへいわです). We should aim for the ideal「理想を目指すべきです」(りそうをめざすべきです). The term can also be used in compound words like '理想的な (りそうてきな)' meaning 'idealistic' or '理想的 (りそうてき)' meaning 'ideal' as an adjective.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

206

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Report

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 丨Stick

Example Word

申告: report or declaration. The Japanese noun '申告 (しんこく)' refers to the act of reporting or declaring something, often in an official or formal context. It is commonly used in situations such as tax reporting, customs declarations, or notifying authorities about specific information. For example: I filed a tax report「税金の申告をしました」(ぜいきんのしんこくをしました). Please declare any prohibited items「禁止されている物を申告してください」(きんしされているものをしんこくしてください). The word carries a formal tone and is typically used in legal, financial, or bureaucratic settings.

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

221

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Suffer

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 古Old

Example Word

苦心: struggle or effort. The Japanese verbal noun '苦心 (くしん)' refers to the act of putting in great effort or struggling to achieve something, often implying difficulty or hardship. It is commonly used to describe the mental or emotional strain involved in overcoming challenges. For example: He put a lot of effort into the project「彼はそのプロジェクトに苦心した」(かれはそのプロジェクトにくしんした). The teacher struggled to explain the concept「先生はその概念を説明するのに苦心した」(せんせいはそのがいねんをせつめいするのにくしんした). This word emphasizes the hardship or difficulty faced during the process.

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

230

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Cheap, Relax

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 女Woman

Example Word

安売り: discount or bargain. The Japanese verbal noun '安売り (やすうり)' refers to the act of selling goods at a reduced price, often to attract customers or clear stock. It can also imply a bargain or a deal. This term is commonly used in retail and shopping contexts. For example: The store is having a discount sale「その店は安売りをしています」(そのみせはやすうりをしています). I bought this at a bargain「これを安売りで買いました」(これをやすうりでかいました). Note that '安売り' can sometimes carry a nuance of selling something cheaply or at a loss, depending on the context.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

234

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Change

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)匕Spoon

Example Word

文化的: cultural. The Japanese adjective '文化的 (ぶんかてき)' means 'cultural'. It is used to describe something related to culture, such as cultural activities, cultural heritage, or cultural differences. This term is often used in formal or academic contexts to discuss aspects of culture. For example: This event has cultural significance「このイベントは文化的に重要です」(このイベントはぶんかてきにじゅうようです). We need to respect cultural differences「文化的な違いを尊重する必要があります」(ぶんかてきなちがいをそんちょうするひつようがあります). The adjective is typically used to modify nouns, as in '文化的活動 (ぶんかてきかつどう) (cultural activities)'.

Radical

匕

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

236

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Determine

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 正Correct

Example Word

測定: measurement. The Japanese verbal noun '測定 (そくてい)' means 'measurement'. It refers to the act of measuring or determining the size, amount, or degree of something. This term is commonly used in scientific, technical, and everyday contexts. For example: The measurement of temperature is important「温度の測定は重要です」(おんどのそくていはじゅうようです). We conducted a measurement of the room's dimensions「部屋の寸法の測定を行いました」(へやのすんぽうのそくていをおこないました). The word can also be used in compound terms like '測定器 (そくていき)' (measuring instrument).

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

237

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wait

Reading

Parts

寺Temple 彳Stop

Example Word

待つ: wait. The Japanese verb '待つ (まつ)' means 'to wait'. It is used to describe the action of staying in a place or delaying action until a particular time or event occurs. This verb is commonly used in everyday conversations and can be paired with various particles to indicate what or whom one is waiting for. For example: I will wait for you「あなたを待つ」(あなたをまつ). Please wait a moment「ちょっと待ってください」(ちょっとまってください). The verb can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as waiting for an opportunity or waiting for something to happen. It is important to note that '待つ' is often used in its te-form '待って (まって)' when making requests or giving instructions.

Radical

彳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

241

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Open

Reading

Parts

門Gate 开Open

Example Word

開く: open. The Japanese verb '開く (ひらく)' primarily means 'to open'. It is used to describe the action of opening something, such as a door, a book, or an event. This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe opening opportunities or starting something new. For example: Please open the door「ドアを開いてください」(ドアをひらいてください). The store opens at 9 AM「その店は午前9時に開く」(そのみせはごぜんくじにひらく). Additionally, '開く' can be used in the context of events, such as 'The festival opens tomorrow'「その祭りは明日開く」(そのまつりはあしたひらく). Note that '開く' can also be read as 'あく', which has a slightly different nuance, often implying something opens by itself or is already open.

Radical

門

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

244

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Deep

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)罙Deep

Example Word

深夜: late night. The Japanese noun '深夜 (しんや)' refers to the late hours of the night, typically after midnight. It is often used to describe activities or events that occur during this time, such as late-night work, broadcasting, or transportation. For example: I work late at night「私は深夜に働く」(わたしはしんやにはたらく). The train runs until late at night「電車は深夜まで走る」(でんしゃはしんやまではしる). This term is commonly used in contexts like '深夜番組 (しんやばんぐみ) (late-night show)' or '深夜営業 (しんやえいぎょう) (late-night business hours)'.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

248

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Illness

Reading

Parts

丙Third, Third class 疒Sick

Example Word

病死: illness or death. The Japanese verbal noun '病死 (びょうし)' refers to death caused by illness or disease. It is a compound of '病 (びょう)' meaning 'illness' and '死 (し)' meaning 'death'. This term is often used in medical or formal contexts to describe a person's passing due to sickness. For example: He died of illness「彼は病死した」(かれはびょうしした). Many people died from the epidemic「多くの人が伝染病で病死した」(おおくのひとがでんせんびょうでびょうしした). Note that '病死' specifically emphasizes the cause of death being an illness, distinguishing it from other causes like accidents or old age.

Radical

疒

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

249

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Surface, Express

Reading

Parts

𧘇Garment (衣)龶Life (生)

Example Word

図表: diagram or chart. The Japanese noun '図表 (ずひょう)' refers to a visual representation of data or information, such as a chart, graph, or diagram. It is commonly used in academic, business, and technical contexts to present complex information in an easily understandable format. For example: Please refer to the chart on page 5「5ページの図表を参照してください」(5ページのずひょうをさんしょうしてください). This diagram explains the process「この図表はプロセスを説明しています」(このずひょうはプロセスをせつめいしています). The word can also be used to describe tables or figures in reports or presentations.

Radical

衣

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

251

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Decide

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)夬Decide

Example Word

決議: resolution. The Japanese noun '決議 (けつぎ)' refers to a formal decision or resolution, often made by a group or organization after discussion or deliberation. It is commonly used in contexts such as meetings, assemblies, or legislative bodies. For example: The committee passed a resolution「委員会は決議を採択した」(いいんかいけつぎをさいたくした). The resolution was unanimous「決議は満場一致だった」(けつぎはまんじょういっちだった). This term emphasizes the formal and collective nature of the decision-making process.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

253

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hit

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)丁Street

Example Word

打ち合わせ: meeting. The Japanese verbal noun '打ち合わせ (うちあわせ)' refers to a meeting or discussion, typically held to coordinate or plan something in advance. It is often used in professional or organizational contexts to describe a preparatory meeting where details are ironed out. For example: We had a meeting to discuss the project「プロジェクトについて打ち合わせをしました」(ぷろじぇくとについてうちあわせをしました). Let's have a quick meeting before the presentation「プレゼンの前に打ち合わせをしましょう」(ぷれぜんのまえにうちあわせをしましょう). The term emphasizes the collaborative and preparatory nature of the meeting, rather than a formal or large-scale gathering.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

260

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Begin

Reading

Parts

女Woman 台Pedestal, Machine

Example Word

始める: start. The Japanese verb '始める (はじめる)' means 'to start' or 'to begin'. It is used to indicate the beginning of an action, event, or process. This verb is often paired with another verb in its stem form to express starting to do something, such as '食べ始める (たべはじめる)' (to start eating). For example: I started studying Japanese「日本語を勉強し始めた」(にほんごをべんきょうしはじめた). She began to cry「彼女は泣き始めた」(かのじょはなきはじめた). The verb can also stand alone to indicate the start of something, like 'The meeting started「会議が始まった」(かいぎがはじまった)'. Note that '始める' is a transitive verb, so it often takes a direct object.

Radical

女

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

267

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Root

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 艮Stopping

Example Word

大根: radish. The Japanese noun '大根 (だいこん)' refers to a 'radish', specifically the daikon radish, which is a large, white, mild-flavored variety commonly used in Japanese cuisine. It is a versatile vegetable that can be eaten raw, pickled, or cooked in dishes such as stews, soups, and salads. For example: I grated the radish「大根をおろした」(だいこんをおろした). Radish salad is delicious「大根サラダは美味しい」(だいこんサラダはおいしい). The word '大根' literally translates to 'big root', reflecting its size and shape.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

268

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Use

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)吏Officer, Official

Example Word

使者: messenger. The Japanese noun '使者 (ししゃ)' means 'messenger'. This term is used to refer to someone who is sent to deliver a message or perform a task on behalf of another person or organization. It carries a formal or official connotation, often implying that the messenger is acting under authority. For example: The king sent a messenger「王は使者を送った」(おうはししゃをおくった). The messenger delivered the important news「使者は重要な知らせを届けた」(ししゃはじゅうようなしらせをとどけた). This word is typically used in contexts involving diplomacy, official communications, or significant announcements.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

271

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Investigate, Tune

Reading

Parts

言Say 周Circumference

Example Word

調べる: investigate. The Japanese verb '調べる (しらべる)' primarily means 'to investigate' or 'to examine'. It is used when someone is looking into something thoroughly, such as researching information, checking details, or inspecting something. This verb is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: I will investigate the cause of the problem「問題の原因を調べます」(もんだいのげんいんをしらべます). She is checking the schedule「彼女はスケジュールを調べている」(かのじょはスケジュールをしらべている). Additionally, '調べる' can also imply looking up information, as in: I looked up the word in the dictionary「その単語を辞書で調べた」(そのたんごをじしょでしらべた).

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

274

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Reason

Reading

Parts

十Ten 口Mouth

Example Word

自由: freedom or liberty. The Japanese adjectival noun '自由 (じゆう)' primarily means 'freedom' or 'liberty'. It refers to the state of being free from constraints, whether physical, social, or psychological. This word is often used in contexts discussing personal freedom, free will, or the absence of restrictions. For example: I want freedom「自由が欲しい」(じゆうがほしい). Children have the freedom to play「子供たちは自由に遊べる」(こどもたちはじゆうにあそべる). It can also describe something being optional or unrestricted, as in 'free seating'「自由席」(じゆうせき). Note that while 'freedom' and 'liberty' are closely related, 'freedom' emphasizes the absence of constraints, while 'liberty' often implies the right or permission to act freely.

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

278

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Urgent

Reading

Parts

心Heart 刍Mow

Example Word

特急: express. The Japanese noun '特急 (とっきゅう)' refers to an 'express' train or service, typically one that makes fewer stops and travels faster than regular services. It is commonly used in the context of transportation, especially trains. For example: I took the express train to Osaka「特急で大阪に行きました」(とっきゅうでおおさかにいきました). The express train is faster than the local train「特急は各駅停車より速いです」(とっきゅうはかくえきていしゃよりはやいです). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is done quickly or efficiently, though this usage is less common.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

283

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Topic

Reading

Parts

是Right, Absolutely 頁Page

Example Word

問題: question or problem. The Japanese noun '問題 (もんだい)' can mean either 'problem' or 'question', depending on the context. As 'problem', it refers to an issue or difficulty that needs to be resolved. For example: there is a problem with the computer「コンピューターに問題がある」(コンピューターにもんだいがある). As 'question', it refers to a query or an item on a test. For example: I have a question「問題があります」(もんだいがあります). This word is commonly used in both academic and everyday situations, and its meaning is usually clear from the context.

Radical

頁

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

285

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Accept

Reading

Parts

爪Claw 冖Crown 又Again

Example Word

受信: reception. The Japanese noun '受信 (じゅしん)' refers to the act of receiving or the state of being received, particularly in the context of signals, messages, or data. It is commonly used in technical or communication-related contexts, such as receiving radio signals, emails, or other forms of electronic communication. For example: The reception of the radio signal is weak「ラジオの受信が弱い」(ラジオのじゅしんがよわい). I received an email「メールを受信した」(メールをじゅしんした). This term is often paired with its counterpart '送信 (そうしん)', which means 'transmission' or 'sending'.

Radical

又

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

291

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Island

Reading

Parts

山Mountain 鳥Bird

Example Word

諸島: archipelago. The Japanese noun '諸島 (しょとう)' refers to an 'archipelago', which is a group or chain of islands. This term is often used in geographical contexts to describe clusters of islands, such as the Japanese archipelago itself. For example: The Japanese archipelago consists of many islands「日本の諸島は多くの島々から成る」(にほんのしょとうはおおくのしまじまからなる). The Ryukyu Islands are a famous archipelago「琉球諸島は有名な諸島です」(りゅうきゅうしょとうはゆうめいなしょとうです). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe any group or collection of similar things, though this usage is less common.

Radical

山

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

292

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Product

Reading

Parts

口Mouth

Example Word

部品: parts. The Japanese noun '部品 (ぶひん)' refers to 'parts' or 'components', typically used in the context of machinery, electronics, or other technical systems. It is commonly used to describe individual pieces that make up a larger device or system. For example: I bought spare parts for the car「車の部品を買いました」(くるまのぶひんをかいました). These parts are essential for the machine「これらの部品は機械に必要です」(これらのぶひんはきかいにとくべつです). The word is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal contexts.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

299

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Advance

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 隹Bird

Example Word

推進: promotion. The Japanese verbal noun '推進 (すいしん)' means 'promotion' or 'advancement'. It refers to the act of pushing forward or promoting a plan, project, or idea. This word is often used in formal or organizational contexts, such as business, government, or policy-making. For example: the promotion of renewable energy「再生可能エネルギーの推進」(さいせいかのうえねるぎーのすいしん). We are advancing the new project「新しいプロジェクトを推進しています」(あたらしいぷろじぇくとをすいしんしています). Note that '推進' can also imply a sense of actively driving or propelling something forward, not just passively supporting it.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

301

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Both

Reading

Parts

一One 冂Enclosure 山Mountain

Example Word

両者: both. The Japanese noun '両者 (りょうしゃ)' means 'both' and refers to two parties, individuals, or groups being considered together. It is often used in formal or written contexts to emphasize the inclusion of both sides in a discussion, comparison, or situation. For example: Both parties agreed「両者は同意した」(りょうしゃはどういした). Both candidates are qualified「両者は資格がある」(りょうしゃはしかくがある). The term is neutral and can be applied to people, organizations, or abstract entities.

Radical

一

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

306

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

World

Reading

Parts

田Rice field 介Mediate, Jammed in

Example Word

世界: world. The Japanese noun '世界 (せかい)' means 'world'. It refers to the entire planet, the global community, or a specific realm or domain. This word is commonly used in contexts discussing global issues, geography, or abstract concepts like 'world of dreams'. For example: The world is vast「世界は広い」(せかいはひろい). I want to travel the world「世界を旅したい」(せかいをたびしたい). It can also be used metaphorically, as in 'the world of art'「芸術の世界」(げいじゅつのせかい).

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

309

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Business

Reading

Parts

未Not yet 䒑Herbs 业Business (業)

Example Word

作業: work. The Japanese verbal noun '作業 (さぎょう)' refers to 'work' or 'task', particularly in the context of manual, physical, or specific operational activities. It is often used to describe labor-intensive or procedural tasks, such as construction work, factory work, or even routine chores. For example: The construction work is progressing「作業が進んでいる」(さぎょうがすすんでいる). I finished my homework「宿題の作業を終えた」(しゅくだいのさぎょうをおえた). This term is commonly used in professional or technical settings to describe specific types of work, distinguishing it from more general terms like '仕事 (しごと)' which can refer to work in a broader sense.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

310

Radical Form

业

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Peace

Reading

Parts

禾Cereal 口Mouth

Example Word

昭和: Showa. The Japanese noun '昭和 (しょうわ)' refers to the Showa era, which was the period of Japanese history corresponding to the reign of Emperor Hirohito, from December 25, 1926, to January 7, 1989. This era is often associated with significant events in Japan, including World War II, the post-war economic miracle, and the country's rise as a global economic power. The term is also used to describe things or cultural aspects from that period. For example: The Showa era was a time of great change「昭和時代は大きな変化の時代でした」(しょうわじだいはおおきなへんかのじだいでした). This is a Showa-style house「これは昭和風の家です」(これはしょうわふうのいえです).

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

313

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Fortune

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 軍Army

Example Word

幸運: luck. The Japanese adjectival noun '幸運 (こううん)' means 'luck' or 'good fortune'. It is used to describe a fortunate or lucky situation, event, or outcome. This term often carries a positive connotation and is used in contexts where someone experiences or wishes for good luck. For example: I had good luck today「今日は幸運だった」(きょうはこううんだった). Wishing you good luck「幸運を祈ります」(こううんをいのります). It can also be used to describe someone as lucky, as in '彼は幸運な人だ (かれはこううんなひとだ) (He is a lucky person).'

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

314

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Gather

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 隹Bird

Example Word

寄り集まる: gather. The Japanese verb '寄り集まる (よりあつまる)' means 'to gather' or 'to come together'. It is used to describe people or things coming together in one place, often implying a sense of unity or collective action. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as people gathering for a meeting, birds flocking together, or even abstract ideas converging. For example: The students gathered in the classroom「学生たちが教室に寄り集まった」(がくせいたちがきょうしつによりあつまった). The birds gathered on the tree「鳥たちが木に寄り集まった」(とりたちがきによりあつまった). The verb often carries a nuance of natural or spontaneous gathering rather than a forced or organized one.

Radical

隹

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

322

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sideways

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 黄Yellow

Example Word

横: side. The Japanese noun '横 (よこ)' primarily means 'side'. It refers to the lateral direction or the space beside something. This word is often used to describe the position of objects or people relative to each other. For example: sit next to me「私の横に座って」(わたしのよこにすわって). The store is next to the station「その店は駅の横です」(そのみせはえきのよこです). Additionally, '横' can sometimes imply a horizontal direction, as opposed to vertical. It is a versatile word used in various contexts to indicate adjacency or lateral positioning.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

324

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Anti

Reading

Parts

厂Cliff 又Again

Example Word

違反: violation. The Japanese verbal noun '違反 (いはん)' means 'violation'. It refers to the act of breaking a rule, law, or agreement. This term is commonly used in legal, social, or formal contexts to describe actions that go against established regulations. For example: He committed a traffic violation「彼は交通違反をした」(かれはこうつういはんをした). Violation of the contract will result in penalties「契約違反は罰則を伴います」(けいやくいはんはばっそくをともないます). Note that '違反' is often used in compound words like '交通違反 (こうつういはん)' (traffic violation) or '契約違反 (けいやくいはん)' (breach of contract).

Radical

又

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

326

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Alcohol, Sake

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)酉Bird of the zodiac

Example Word

禁酒: abstinence. The Japanese verbal noun '禁酒 (きんしゅ)' refers to the act of abstaining from alcohol. It is often used in contexts where someone is avoiding alcohol for health, religious, or personal reasons. For example: He decided to practice abstinence from alcohol「彼は禁酒を決意した」(かれはきんしゅをけついした). During the month, I will abstain from drinking「今月は禁酒します」(こんげつはきんしゅします). The term can also be used in medical or recovery contexts, such as when someone is advised to stop drinking for health reasons.

Radical

酉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

333

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Darkness

Reading

Parts

音Sound 日Day, Sun

Example Word

薄暗い: dim. The Japanese adjective '薄暗い (うすぐらい)' means 'dim'. It is used to describe a place or environment that is not fully lit, often implying a faint or weak light. This word can evoke a sense of gloominess or mystery, depending on the context. For example: The room was dim「部屋は薄暗かった」(へやはうすぐらかった). The forest was dim in the evening「夕方の森は薄暗かった」(ゆうがたのもりはうすぐらかった). Note that '薄暗い' is often used to describe natural lighting conditions, such as twilight or the interior of a poorly lit space.

Radical

日

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

341

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Path

Reading

Parts

各Each ⻊Foot (足)

Example Word

十字路: crossroads. The Japanese noun '十字路 (じゅうじろ)' refers to a 'crossroads' or an intersection where two roads cross each other, typically forming a cross shape. This word is often used in both literal and metaphorical contexts. In a literal sense, it describes a physical intersection, while metaphorically, it can signify a point of decision or a critical juncture in life. Example sentences include: At the crossroads, turn left「十字路で左に曲がってください」(じゅうじろでひだりにまがってください). Life is full of crossroads「人生には十字路がたくさんある」(じんせいにはじゅうじろがたくさんある).

Radical

足

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

343

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Past

Reading

Parts

厶Private 土Soil

Example Word

去る: leave. The Japanese verb '去る (さる)' means 'to leave' or 'to depart'. It is often used to describe someone or something moving away from a place or situation. This verb can also imply a sense of finality or separation. For example: he left the room「彼は部屋を去った」(かれはへやをさった). The train has departed「電車は去った」(でんしゃはさった). In some contexts, '去る' can also be used metaphorically to describe the passage of time or the end of an era, such as 'the old year has passed「旧年が去った」(きゅうねんがさった)'. Note that this verb is somewhat formal and is often used in written or formal spoken contexts.

Radical

厶

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

344

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ride

Reading

Parts

千Thousand 廾Twenty 木Tree, Wood

Example Word

乗客: passenger. The Japanese noun '乗客 (じょうきゃく)' refers to a 'passenger', specifically someone who is traveling in a vehicle such as a train, bus, airplane, or ship. This word is commonly used in transportation contexts. For example: The passengers got off the train「乗客は電車を降りた」(じょうきゃくはでんしゃをおりた). There were many passengers on the bus「バスには多くの乗客がいた」(バスにはおおくのじょうきゃくがいた). The word emphasizes the role of the person as someone being transported, rather than the driver or operator of the vehicle.

Radical

丿

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

352

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Duty

Reading

Parts

彳Stop 殳Pike

Example Word

重役: executive. The Japanese noun '重役 (じゅうやく)' refers to a high-ranking executive or director in a company or organization. It is often used to describe someone in a position of significant responsibility and authority, such as a board member or senior manager. For example: He is an executive at a major company「彼は大手企業の重役です」(かれはおおてきぎょうのじゅうやくです). The executives held a meeting「重役たちは会議を開きました」(じゅうやくたちはかいぎをひらきました). This term is commonly used in business contexts and emphasizes the importance and seniority of the position.

Radical

彳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

354

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Guest, Customer

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 各Each

Example Word

旅客: passenger. The Japanese noun '旅客 (りょかく)' refers to a 'passenger', specifically someone who is traveling by a mode of transportation such as a train, plane, or ship. It is commonly used in contexts related to transportation and travel. For example: The passengers boarded the plane「旅客が飛行機に乗りました」(りょかくがひこうきにのりました). The train is full of passengers「列車は旅客でいっぱいです」(れっしゃはりょかくでいっぱいです). This term is often used in formal or technical contexts, such as in transportation schedules or announcements.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

356

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Breath

Reading

Parts

心Heart 自Self

Example Word

息: breath. The Japanese noun '息 (いき)' means 'breath'. It refers to the air taken into or expelled from the lungs, and is commonly used in contexts related to breathing, such as holding one's breath or being out of breath. For example: I took a deep breath「私は深く息をした」(わたしはふかくいきをした). He was out of breath after running「彼は走った後で息が切れていた」(かれははしったあとでいきがきれていた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a pause or moment of rest, as in 'a breath of fresh air'.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

358

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Finger

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)旨Purport, Delicious

Example Word

中指: finger or middle. The Japanese noun '中指 (なかゆび)' refers specifically to the 'middle finger'. It is the third digit of the hand, located between the index finger and the ring finger. This term is used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: I hurt my middle finger「中指を怪我した」(なかゆびをけがした). She pointed with her middle finger「彼女は中指で指した」(かのじょはなかゆびでさした). In some cultures, raising the middle finger can be considered an offensive gesture, but in Japanese, the term itself is neutral and simply refers to the anatomical part.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

359

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Distribute

Reading

Parts

酉Bird of the zodiac 己Oneself

Example Word

心配: worry. The Japanese verbal noun '心配 (しんぱい)' means 'worry' or 'concern'. It is used to express anxiety or unease about something that might happen or has happened. It can be used as a noun or as part of a verb phrase, such as '心配する (しんぱいする)' meaning 'to worry'. For example: I worry about my son「息子を心配しています」(むすこをしんぱいしています). Don't worry about it「それを心配しないで」(それをしんぱいしないで). This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to express concern for others or oneself.

Radical

酉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

368

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

End

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 冬Winter

Example Word

終える: finish. The Japanese verb '終える (おえる)' means 'to finish' or 'to complete'. It is used to indicate the completion of an action, task, or event. This verb is often used in contexts where something has been brought to an end, such as finishing work, a meal, or a project. For example: I finished my homework「宿題を終えた」(しゅくだいをおえた). She finished the meeting「彼女は会議を終えた」(かのじょはかいぎをおえた). Note that '終える' is a transitive verb, meaning it requires a direct object to indicate what is being finished. It is distinct from '終わる (おわる)', which is an intransitive verb meaning 'to end' or 'to be over'.

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

372

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Storey

Reading

Parts

皆All 阝Mound (阜)

Example Word

段階: stage. The Japanese noun '段階 (だんかい)' refers to a 'stage' or 'phase' in a process, development, or progression. It is commonly used to describe steps or levels in a sequence, such as in education, projects, or personal growth. For example: This is the final stage of the project「これはプロジェクトの最終段階です」(これはぷろじぇくとのさいしゅうだんかいです). He is in the early stages of learning Japanese「彼は日本語学習の初期段階です」(かれはにほんごがくしゅうのしょきだんかいです). The word can also imply a gradation or ranking, such as in levels of difficulty or achievement.

Radical

阜

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

375

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Victory

Reading

Parts

月Moon, Month 劵Fatigue

Example Word

勝敗: outcome. The Japanese noun '勝敗 (しょうはい)' refers to the outcome or result of a competition, match, or battle, specifically whether it is a win or a loss. It is commonly used in contexts involving sports, games, or any competitive scenario. For example: The outcome of the game was decided「試合の勝敗が決まった」(しあいのしょうはいがきまった). The team focused on the outcome「チームは勝敗に集中した」(チームはしょうはいにしゅうちゅうした). This word emphasizes the final result rather than the process of competing.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

377

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Happiness

Reading

Parts

土Soil 𢆉Sheep (羊)

Example Word

幸い: fortunate. The Japanese adjectival noun '幸い (さいわい)' means 'fortunate' or 'luckily'. It is used to describe a situation or outcome that is favorable or beneficial. This word can also function as an adverb, meaning 'fortunately' or 'luckily'. For example: Fortunately, it didn't rain「幸い、雨は降らなかった」(さいわい、あめはふらなかった). It was fortunate that he arrived on time「彼が時間通りに到着して幸いだった」(かれがじかんどおりにとうちゃくしてさいわいだった). The word often carries a sense of gratitude or relief about the positive outcome.

Radical

干

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

380

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Follow

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 𠂤Pile up

Example Word

追い込む: corner. The Japanese verb '追い込む (おいこむ)' primarily means 'to corner' or 'to drive into a corner'. It is used to describe the act of forcing someone or something into a difficult or inescapable situation. This verb can be used both literally and figuratively. For example: The police cornered the thief「警察は泥棒を追い込んだ」(けいさつはどろぼうをおいこんだ). The pressure of the deadline is cornering him「締め切りのプレッシャーが彼を追い込んでいる」(しめきりのぷれっしゃーがかれをおいこんでいる). Note that this verb often implies a sense of pressure or urgency.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

385

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Extinguish

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)肖Resemble, Resemblance

Example Word

解消: resolution. The Japanese noun '解消 (かいしょう)' refers to the act of resolving, eliminating, or dissolving something, such as a problem, tension, or a condition. It is often used in contexts where an issue or situation is being cleared or settled. For example: The tension was resolved「緊張が解消された」(きんちょうがかいしょうされた). We need to resolve this problem「この問題を解消する必要がある」(このもんだいをかいしょうするひつようがある). The term can also be used in contexts like stress relief or dissolving a contract, emphasizing the idea of something being cleared or removed.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

395

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Live

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)主Master

Example Word

住居: residence. The Japanese noun '住居 (じゅうきょ)' refers to a place where someone lives, such as a house, apartment, or dwelling. It is a formal term often used in legal, official, or technical contexts. For example: This is my residence「ここは私の住居です」(ここはわたしのじゅうきょです). The residence is located in the city center「その住居は市の中心にあります」(そのじゅうきょはしのちゅうしんにあります). Note that '住居' is more formal than everyday terms like '家 (いえ)' or '住まい (すまい).'

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

396

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Protect

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 寸Measurement

Example Word

留守番: house sitting. The Japanese noun '留守番 (るすばん)' refers to the act of looking after a house or property while the owner is away. It is commonly used when someone stays at home to take care of things, such as receiving packages, watching over pets, or ensuring security. For example: I will do the house-sitting「私が留守番をします」(わたしがるすばんをします). The dog is good at house-sitting「その犬は留守番が上手です」(そのいぬはるすばんがじょうずです). This term is often used in contexts where someone is temporarily responsible for a home in the absence of its usual occupants.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

399

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Garden

Reading

Parts

广Dotted cliff 廷Court

Example Word

庭: garden. The Japanese noun '庭 (にわ)' means 'garden'. It refers to an outdoor area, typically adjacent to a house or building, that is cultivated with plants, flowers, or trees. This word is commonly used to describe both traditional Japanese gardens and more general garden spaces. For example: The garden is beautiful「庭がきれいです」(にわがきれいです). I play in the garden「庭で遊びます」(にわであそびます). It can also be used in compound words like '庭園 (ていえん)' (garden or park) or '家庭 (かてい)' (home or household), though the latter is unrelated to the meaning of 'garden'.

Radical

广

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

402

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Metropolis

Reading

Parts

者Someone ⻏Mound (阜)

Example Word

都心: city center. The Japanese noun '都心 (としん)' refers to the central part of a city, often characterized by high population density, commercial activity, and significant infrastructure. It is commonly used to describe the bustling, urban core of major cities like Tokyo or Osaka. For example: The city center is crowded「都心は混雑している」(としんはこんざつしている). I work in the city center「私は都心で働いています」(わたしはとしんではたらいています). This term is particularly useful when discussing urban planning, commuting, or the contrast between urban and suburban areas.

Radical

邑

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

409

Handwriting