Jōyō KanjiOrganized by Stroke Count

kanji

Meaning

See

Reading

Parts

儿Legs 目Eye

Example Word

見渡す: survey or overlook. The Japanese verb '見渡す (みわたす)' means 'to overlook' or 'to survey'. It is used to describe the action of looking over a wide area or taking in a broad view of something. This verb often implies a sense of observing something comprehensively or from a vantage point. For example: From the hill, I overlooked the entire town「丘から町全体を見渡した」(おかからまちぜんたいをみわたした). She surveyed the room before entering「彼女は部屋を見渡してから入った」(かのじょはへやをみわたしてからはいった). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe understanding or grasping a situation broadly, as in 'He surveyed the situation calmly'「彼は状況を冷静に見渡した」(かれはじょうきょうをれいせいにみわたした).

Radical

見

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

3

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Come

Reading

Parts

米Rice 一One

Example Word

来月: next month. The Japanese noun'来月 (らいげつ)' means 'next month'. It is used to refer to the month following the current one. This word is commonly used in both written and spoken Japanese to discuss events, plans, or appointments that are scheduled for the upcoming month. For example: I will go to Japan next month「来月日本に行きます」(らいげつにほんにいきます).The exam will be held next month「試験は来月行われます」(しけんはらいげつおこなわれます).Note that '来月' is a time expression and is often used with verbs indicating future actions or states.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

5

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

What

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)可Possible

Example Word

何で: why. The Japanese adverb '何で (なんで)' means 'why'. It is commonly used in casual conversation to ask for the reason or cause behind something. This word is less formal than 'なぜ' or 'どうして', which also mean 'why'. For example: Why did you come?「何で来たの？」(なできたの？). Why are you crying?「何で泣いてるの？」(なでないてるの？). Note that '何で' can also be read as 'なにで' in certain contexts, where it means 'by what means' or 'with what', but this is a separate usage and not the focus here.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

13

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Private, Me

Reading

Parts

禾Cereal 厶Private

Example Word

私: I. The Japanese pronoun '私 (わたし)' is a common way to refer to oneself, equivalent to 'I' in English. It is gender-neutral and widely used in both formal and informal contexts. However, it is more commonly used by women in casual settings, as men might opt for alternatives like '僕 (ぼく)' or '俺 (おれ)' depending on the situation. Example sentences: I am a student「私は学生です」(わたしはがくせいです). I like apples「私はりんごが好きです」(わたしはりんごがすきです). In formal settings, '私' is universally appropriate regardless of gender.

Radical

禾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

15

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Say

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 亠Lid 二Two

Example Word

独り言: soliloquy. The Japanese noun '独り言 (ひとりごと)' refers to the act of talking to oneself, often referred to as a soliloquy or monologue. This can occur when someone is thinking aloud, expressing their thoughts without expecting a response. It is commonly used in both casual and literary contexts. For example: He was muttering to himself「彼は独り言を言っていた」(かれはひとりごとをいっていた). She often talks to herself when she's alone「彼女は一人の時によく独り言を言う」(かのじょはひとりのときによくひとりごとをいう). The term can also imply a sense of loneliness or deep contemplation, depending on the context.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

25

Radical Form

訁

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Body, Self

Reading

Parts

自Self 亅Barb 丿Katakana no

Example Word

自身: self. The Japanese noun '自身 (じしん)' means 'self' or 'oneself'. It is used to emphasize the subject or object of a sentence, often to indicate that the action or state is directly related to the person or thing in question. It can be used in various contexts, such as personal responsibility, self-reflection, or to stress individuality. For example: I will do it myself「私は自身でやります」(わたしはじしんでやります). He himself said so「彼自身がそう言いました」(かれじしんがそういいました). The word can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as in 'the problem itself'「問題自身」(もんだいじしん).

Radical

身

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

64

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ruler, You

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 尹Official rank

Example Word

君主: monarch. The Japanese noun '君主 (くんしゅ)' refers to a 'monarch', a sovereign head of state, especially a king, queen, or emperor. This term is used in historical, political, and formal contexts to denote a ruler with supreme authority over a state or territory. For example: The monarch ruled the country wisely「君主は国を賢く治めた」(くんしゅはくにをかしこくおさめた). The power of the monarch was absolute「君主の権力は絶対的だった」(くんしゅのけんりょくはぜったいてきだった). The term can also be used metaphorically in literature or discussions about leadership and authority.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

75

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Man

Reading

Parts

田Rice field 力Power

Example Word

男性: male. The Japanese noun '男性 (だんせい)' means 'male'. It refers to the male gender and is commonly used to describe adult men. This term is neutral and can be used in formal and informal contexts. For example: He is a male teacher「彼は男性の先生です」(かれはだんせいのせんせいです). The male population is increasing「男性の人口が増えています」(だんせいのじんこうがふえています). It is often used in contrast to '女性 (じょせい)', which means 'female'. The word can also appear in compound nouns, such as '男性用 (だんせいよう)', meaning 'for men'.

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

86

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Make

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)𠂉Person (人)二Two 丨Stick

Example Word

作文: composition. The Japanese noun '作文 (さくぶん)' refers to a written composition or essay. It is commonly used in educational contexts, where students are asked to write essays on various topics. The word can also refer to the act of writing itself. For example: I wrote a composition「作文を書きました」(さくぶんをかきました). Her composition was excellent「彼女の作文は素晴らしかった」(かのじょのさくぶんはすばらしかった). The teacher assigned a composition for homework「先生は宿題に作文を出しました」(せんせいはしゅくだいにさくぶんをだしました).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

96

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Voice

Reading

Parts

士Samurai 尸Corpse 丨Stick

Example Word

泣き声: crying. The Japanese noun '泣き声 (なきごえ)' refers to the sound of crying, typically made by a person or an animal. It is used to describe the vocal expression of sadness, pain, or distress. For example: I heard a baby's crying「赤ちゃんの泣き声が聞こえた」(あかちゃんのなきごえがきこえた). The cat's crying was loud「猫の泣き声が大きかった」(ねこのなきごえがおおきかった). This word is often used in contexts involving emotional distress or discomfort.

Radical

士

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

110

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Body

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)本Book, Origin

Example Word

一体: really. The Japanese adverb '一体 (いったい)' is used to express strong emphasis, doubt, or curiosity, often translated as 'really', 'on earth', or 'in the world'. It is commonly used in questions to convey a sense of wonder or disbelief. For example: What on earth is this?「一体これは何ですか？」(いったいこれはなんですか？). Where in the world did you go?「一体どこに行ったの？」(いったいどこにいったの？). It can also be used in exclamations to emphasize a statement, such as: I really don't understand!「一体わからない！」(いったいわからない！). The nuance of '一体' often implies that the speaker is seeking clarity or expressing frustration.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

115

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Foot, Sufficient

Reading

Parts

龰Stop (止)口Mouth

Example Word

手足: limbs. The Japanese noun '手足 (てあし)' refers to the limbs of the body, specifically the arms and legs. It is a compound word combining '手 (て)' meaning 'hand' and '足 (あし)' meaning 'foot'. This term is often used in contexts related to physical movement, anatomy, or expressions involving the use of limbs. For example: He moved his limbs freely「彼は手足を自由に動かした」(かれはてあしをじゆうにうごかした). My limbs are tired from the workout「手足がトレーニングで疲れた」(てあしがとれーにんぐでつかれた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe someone's close aides or helpers, as in 'He is the boss's right-hand man'「彼は上司の手足だ」(かれはじょうしのてあしだ).

Radical

足

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

121

Radical Form

⻊

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Near

Reading

Parts

斤Axe, Catty ⻌Walk

Example Word

接近: approach. The Japanese verbal noun '接近 (せっきん)' means 'approach'. It refers to the act of coming closer to something or someone, either physically or metaphorically. It can be used in various contexts, such as describing the approach of a person, an event, or even an abstract concept like danger. For example: The storm is approaching「嵐が接近している」(あらしがせっきんしている). He approached the problem carefully「彼はその問題に接近した」(かれはそのもんだいにせっきんした). This word is often used in formal or serious contexts, and it can imply a sense of urgency or importance.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

122

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Against

Reading

Parts

寸Measurement 文Sentence

Example Word

対立: conflict. The Japanese verbal noun '対立 (たいりつ)' means 'conflict' or 'opposition'. It refers to a situation where two or more parties have opposing views, interests, or goals, leading to a clash or disagreement. This term is often used in contexts such as politics, relationships, or debates. For example: There is a conflict between the two parties「二つの党の間に対立がある」(ふたつのとうのあいだにたいりつがある). The conflict between the two countries intensified「二つの国の対立が激化した」(ふたつのくにのたいりつがげきかした). Note that '対立' can also imply a more formal or structured opposition, such as in legal or ideological disputes.

Radical

寸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

148

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Village

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 寸Measurement

Example Word

農村: village. The Japanese noun '農村 (のうそん)' refers to a 'village' or 'rural area', specifically one that is primarily focused on agriculture. This term is often used to describe small, countryside communities where farming is the main occupation. It carries a connotation of simplicity and traditional lifestyle, contrasting with urban areas. For example: I grew up in a rural village「私は農村で育ちました」(わたしはのうそんでそだちました). The rural village is surrounded by fields「その農村は畑に囲まれている」(そののうそんははたけにかこまれている).

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

180

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Separate

Reading

Parts

叧 刂Sword (刀)

Example Word

送別会: farewell. The Japanese noun '送別会 (そうべつかい)' refers to a 'farewell party' or 'send-off gathering'. It is a common social event held to bid farewell to someone who is leaving, such as a colleague transferring to another location, a friend moving abroad, or a student graduating. The event typically involves speeches, gifts, and sometimes entertainment to express good wishes for the person's future. For example: We held a farewell party for our teacher「先生の送別会を開きました」(せんせいのそうべつかいをひらきました). I attended a farewell party last night「昨夜、送別会に出席しました」(さくや、そうべつかいにしゅっせきしました). The term emphasizes the communal aspect of saying goodbye and is deeply rooted in Japanese social customs.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

181

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Self, Ego

Reading

Parts

手Hand 戈

Example Word

我: I or we. The Japanese pronoun '我 (われ)' is a formal or literary way to refer to oneself or a group. It can mean 'I' or 'we' depending on the context. This pronoun is often used in written language, speeches, or formal settings, and it carries a somewhat archaic or solemn tone. It is less commonly used in everyday conversation, where '私 (わたし)' or '僕 (ぼく)' are more typical for 'I', and '私たち (わたしたち)' for 'we'. Example sentences: I will never forget this「我はこれを忘れない」(われはこれをわすれない). We must protect our homeland「我らは祖国を守らねばならない」(われらはそこくをまもらねばならない). Note that '我' can also appear in compound words like '我々 (われわれ)', which explicitly means 'we'.

Radical

戈

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

182

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Car

Reading

Parts

二Two 申Report

Example Word

電車: train. The Japanese noun '電車 (でんしゃ)' refers to an electric train, commonly used for public transportation in Japan. It specifically denotes trains powered by electricity, as opposed to other types of trains like steam or diesel. This word is widely used in daily conversations and is essential for navigating Japan's extensive rail network. Example sentences: I take the train to work「電車で仕事に行きます」(でんしゃでしごとにいきます). The train is crowded「電車は混んでいます」(でんしゃはこんでいます). Note that '電車' is often used interchangeably with '列車 (れっしゃ)' in casual contexts, but '列車' can refer to any type of train, not just electric ones.

Radical

車

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

190

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Flower

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 化Change

Example Word

花火: fireworks. The Japanese noun '花火 (はなび)' means 'fireworks'. This word is commonly used to describe the colorful explosive displays often seen during festivals, celebrations, or special events in Japan. Fireworks are a significant part of Japanese culture, especially during summer festivals. Example sentences: The fireworks were beautiful「花火がきれいでした」(はなびがきれいでした). We watched the fireworks at the festival「祭りで花火を見ました」(まつりではなびをみました). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something fleeting or spectacular, though this usage is less common.

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

195

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Return

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 反Anti

Example Word

返還: return or restoration. The Japanese noun '返還 (へんかん)' refers to the act of returning or restoring something to its original owner or place. It is often used in formal or legal contexts, such as the return of territory, property, or rights. For example: The return of the land to its original owner「土地の返還が行われた」(とちのへんかんがおこなわれた). The restoration of cultural artifacts to their country of origin「文化財の返還が決定した」(ぶんかざいのへんかんがけっていした). This term carries a formal tone and is commonly used in diplomatic, legal, or historical discussions.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

199

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Help

Reading

Parts

且Moreover, Also 力Power

Example Word

助: help or assistance. The Japanese noun '助 (じょ)' primarily means 'help' or 'assistance'. It is often used in contexts where support or aid is provided to someone in need. This word can be used in both formal and informal situations. For example: I need your help「あなたの助が必要です」(あなたのじょがひつようです). He offered his assistance「彼は助を申し出た」(かれはじょをもうしでた). The word '助' can also be part of compound words, such as '助言 (じょげん)' which means 'advice' or 'suggestion'.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

200

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Shape

Reading

Parts

彡Fur 开Open

Example Word

形式: form or format. The Japanese noun '形式 (けいしき)' primarily refers to the 'form' or 'format' of something. It is used to describe the structure, arrangement, or style in which something is presented or organized. This word is often used in contexts such as legal documents, ceremonies, or artistic works, where the specific form or format is important. For example: The application must follow the correct format「申請は正しい形式でなければならない」(しんせいはただしいけいしきでなければならない). The ceremony was conducted in a traditional form「式典は伝統的な形式で行われた」(しきてんはでんとうてきなけいしきでおこなわれた). Note that '形式' can also imply a sense of rigidity or adherence to rules, as in '形式にこだわる (けいしきにこだわる)' which means 'to be particular about formality'.

Radical

彡

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

201

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Town

Reading

Parts

田Rice field 丁Street

Example Word

町: town. The Japanese noun '町 (まち)' refers to a 'town' or a smaller urban area, typically larger than a village but smaller than a city. It is commonly used to describe a populated area with a sense of community. For example: I live in a small town「私は小さな町に住んでいます」(わたしはちいさなまちにすんでいます). This town is very quiet「この町はとても静かです」(このまちはとてもしずかです). The word can also refer to a specific district or neighborhood within a larger city, such as 'Ginza is a famous district in Tokyo'「銀座は東京の有名な町です」(ぎんざはとうきょうのゆうめいなまちです).

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

211

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Soldier

Reading

Parts

丘Hill 八Eight

Example Word

兵隊: soldier. The Japanese noun '兵隊 (へいたい)' refers to a 'soldier'. It is commonly used to describe a member of the military, particularly in the context of ground forces. The term can be used in both historical and modern contexts, but it often carries a slightly informal or colloquial tone compared to more formal terms like '軍人 (ぐんじん)'. Example sentences: The soldiers marched through the town「兵隊が町を行進した」(へいたいがまちをこうしんした). He became a soldier「彼は兵隊になった」(かれはへいたいになった).

Radical

八

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

218

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Beginning, First

Reading

Parts

衤 刀Sword

Example Word

初夏: early summer. The Japanese noun '初夏 (しょか)' refers to the period of early summer, typically around the months of May and June. This term is often used to describe the transitional season when the weather starts to warm up, but the intense heat of mid-summer has not yet arrived. It is commonly used in literature, poetry, and everyday conversation to evoke the freshness and vitality of this time of year. For example: Early summer is the best time to visit Kyoto「初夏は京都を訪れるのに最適な時期です」(しょかはきょうとをおとずれるのにもってこいのじきです). The early summer breeze feels refreshing「初夏の風が爽やかです」(しょかのかぜがさわやかです).

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

226

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Company

Reading

Parts

土Soil 礻Cult (示)

Example Word

本社: headquarters. The Japanese noun '本社 (ほんしゃ)' refers to the 'headquarters' or 'main office' of a company or organization. It is the central location where the primary operations and management of the organization are conducted. For example: The headquarters is in Tokyo「本社は東京にあります」(ほんしゃはとうきょうにあります). I work at the headquarters「私は本社で働いています」(わたしはほんしゃではたらいています). This term is commonly used in business contexts to distinguish the main office from branch offices or subsidiaries.

Radical

示

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

240

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Decide

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)夬Decide

Example Word

決まる: decided. The Japanese verb '決まる (きまる)' means 'to be decided' or 'to be settled'. It is used when something has been determined or finalized, often as a result of a decision-making process. This verb is commonly used in contexts where outcomes, plans, or results are finalized. For example: The date has been decided「日付が決まった」(ひづけがきまった). The winner was decided「勝者が決まった」(しょうしゃがきまった). It can also be used to describe something that is fixed or certain, such as a rule or a habit. For example: The rules are fixed「ルールが決まっている」(ルールがきまっている). Note that '決まる' is often used in its passive form, emphasizing that the decision or outcome is not made by the speaker but by external factors.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

253

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Profit, Advantage

Reading

Parts

禾Cereal 刂Sword (刀)

Example Word

利用: use. The Japanese verbal noun '利用 (りよう)' means 'use' or 'utilization'. It refers to the act of using something, often in a practical or beneficial way. This word is commonly used in contexts involving services, resources, or facilities. For example: I use the library「図書館を利用する」(としょかんをりようする). He utilizes public transportation「彼は公共交通を利用する」(かれはこうきょうこうつうをりようする). The word can also imply making the most of something, such as opportunities or tools. Note that '利用' is often paired with verbs like 'する' to form phrases like '利用する (りようする)' (to use).

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

262

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Excess

Reading

Parts

亼 朩

Example Word

余地: room or margin. The Japanese noun '余地 (よち)' refers to 'room' or 'margin' in the sense of space, time, or possibility for something to happen or be done. It is often used to indicate that there is still space or opportunity for further action, thought, or development. For example: There is no room for doubt「疑う余地はない」(うたがうよちはない). We have some margin for negotiation「交渉の余地がある」(こうしょうのよちがある). The word can also imply flexibility or leeway in a situation, as in 'There is room for improvement'「改善の余地がある」(かいぜんのよちがある).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

273

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Red

Reading

Parts

土Soil 丿Katakana no 亅Barb 八Eight

Example Word

真っ赤: bright red. The Japanese adjectival noun '真っ赤 (まっか)' means 'bright red'. It is used to describe something that is vividly or intensely red in color. This term can be used to describe objects, emotions, or even situations. For example: her face turned bright red「彼女の顔は真っ赤になった」(かのじょのかおはまっかになった). The sky was bright red at sunset「夕焼けで空が真っ赤だった」(ゆうやけでそらがまっかだった). It can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is blatantly obvious or completely false, as in '真っ赤な嘘 (まっかなうそ) (a blatant lie)'.

Radical

赤

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

308

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Judge, Stamp

Reading

Parts

半Half 刂Sword (刀)

Example Word

判定: judgment or decision. The Japanese noun '判定 (はんてい)' refers to the act of making a judgment or decision, often based on specific criteria or rules. It is commonly used in contexts such as sports, competitions, or evaluations where an official or authoritative decision is required. For example: The referee's judgment was fair「審判の判定は公平だった」(しんぱんのはんていはこうへいだった). The decision on the winner was difficult「勝者の判定は難しかった」(しょうしゃのはんていはむずかしかった). This word emphasizes the formal or official nature of the judgment being made.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

330

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Good

Reading

Parts

丶Dot 艮Stopping

Example Word

良く: well or often. The Japanese adverb '良く (よく)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'often', indicating frequency. For example: I often go to the park「私はよく公園に行きます」(わたしはよくこうえんにいきます). The second meaning is 'well', indicating quality or manner. For example: She sings well「彼女はよく歌います」(かのじょはよくうたいます). The context usually clarifies which meaning is intended. When used to mean 'well', it often describes how something is done or the state of something. When used to mean 'often', it typically precedes a verb to indicate regularity.

Radical

艮

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

334

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Duty

Reading

Parts

彳Stop 殳Pike

Example Word

市役所: city hall. The Japanese noun '市役所 (しやくしょ)' refers to a 'city hall' or 'municipal office'. This is the administrative center of a city where local government services are provided, such as issuing official documents, handling taxes, and managing public services. For example: I went to the city hall to register my address「市役所に住所を登録しに行きました」(しやくしょにじゅうしょをとうろくしにいきました). The city hall is located in the center of the city「市役所は市の中心にあります」(しやくしょはしのちゅうしんにあります). This term is commonly used in daily life when dealing with administrative tasks or local government matters.

Radical

彳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

354

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Rank

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)立Stand

Example Word

位: rank or about. The Japanese noun '位 (くらい)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'rank', referring to a position or status within a hierarchy. For example: he holds a high rank「彼は高い位にある」(かれはたかいくらいにある). The second meaning is 'about', used to indicate an approximate amount or degree. For example: it's about 10 kilometers「10キロくらいです」(じゅっキロくらいです). The context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended. When used to mean 'about', it often follows a quantity or measurement.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

366

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Art, Performance

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 云Say

Example Word

芸術: art. The Japanese noun '芸術 (げいじゅつ)' refers to 'art' in a broad sense, encompassing various forms of creative expression such as painting, sculpture, music, literature, and theater. It is often used to describe works that are considered to have aesthetic or cultural value. For example: modern art is fascinating「現代芸術は魅力的だ」(げんだいげいじゅつはみりょくてきだ). She studies art at university「彼女は大学で芸術を勉強している」(かのじょはだいがくでげいじゅつをべんきょうしている). The term can also be used in a more abstract sense to describe the concept of art itself, as in 'the essence of art'「芸術の本質」(げいじゅつのほんしつ).

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

388

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Corner, Angle

Reading

Parts

⺈Wrap 冂Enclosure 土Soil

Example Word

真四角: square. The Japanese adjectival noun '真四角 (ましかく)' means 'square'. It is used to describe something that has a perfectly square shape, with all sides equal and all angles at 90 degrees. This term is often used to describe objects, shapes, or even abstract concepts that resemble a square. For example: The table is square「そのテーブルは真四角だ」(そのテーブルはましかくだ). The room is square「この部屋は真四角です」(このへやはましかくです). The term emphasizes precision and exactness in shape, making it distinct from more general terms like '四角 (しかく)', which can refer to any rectangular shape.

Radical

角

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

389

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Live

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)主Master

Example Word

在住: residence. The Japanese noun '在住 (ざいじゅう)' refers to the state or condition of residing or living in a particular place. It is often used to indicate someone's current place of residence, especially when specifying a location different from their origin. For example: She resides in Tokyo「彼女は東京在住です」(かのじょはとうきょうざいじゅうです). Many foreigners reside in Japan「多くの外国人が日本在住です」(おおくのがいこくじんがにほんざいじゅうです). This term is commonly used in formal or descriptive contexts to specify where someone lives.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

396

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bend, Fold

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)斤Axe, Catty

Example Word

折角: effort. The Japanese adverb '折角 (せっかく)' conveys the idea of something being done with considerable effort, trouble, or difficulty, and often implies that it would be a waste or a shame not to make use of or appreciate the result of that effort. It is commonly used to express the value of taking advantage of an opportunity or to indicate that something was done with a lot of effort, so it should not be wasted. For example: I went to the trouble of making this cake, so please eat it「せっかく作ったケーキだから、食べてください」(せっかくつくったケーキだから、たべてください). Since you've come all this way, you should stay a while「せっかく来たんだから、しばらくいてください」(せっかくきたんだから、しばらくいてください). The nuance of '折角' often carries a sense of regret or disappointment if the effort or opportunity is not utilized.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

416

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

What

Reading

Parts

⻏Mound (阜)

Example Word

旦那: husband. The Japanese noun '旦那 (だんな)' primarily means 'husband'. It is a somewhat formal or traditional term used to refer to one's husband, often implying respect or a certain level of formality. It can also be used to address or refer to a master or boss, particularly in historical or service contexts. For example: my husband is kind「私の旦那は優しい」(わたしのだんなはやさしい). The master of the house is strict「旦那様は厳しい」(だんなさまはきびしい). Note that in modern usage, '旦那' is less common in casual speech, with '夫 (おっと)' or '主人 (しゅじん)' being more frequently used to refer to a husband.

Radical

邑

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

425

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Valley

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 人Person ハKatakana ha

Example Word

谷: valley. The Japanese noun '谷 (たに)' means 'valley'. It refers to a low area of land between hills or mountains, often with a river or stream running through it. This word is commonly used in geographical contexts or to describe natural landscapes. For example: The valley is beautiful「谷は美しい」(たにはうつくしい). We hiked through the valley「私たちは谷をハイキングした」(わたしたちはたにをハイキングした). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a low point or dip in something, such as in '声の谷 (こえのたに)' (a dip in one's voice).

Radical

谷

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

427

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Run

Reading

Parts

土Soil 龰Stop (止)

Example Word

走行: travel. The Japanese noun '走行 (そうこう)' refers to the act of traveling or moving, particularly by vehicle. It is commonly used in contexts related to driving, such as measuring the distance a vehicle has traveled or discussing the performance of a vehicle. For example: The car has traveled 10,000 kilometers「その車は10,000キロ走行した」(そのくるまは10,000キロそうこうした). The train's travel speed is high「その電車の走行速度は高い」(そのでんしゃのそうこうそくどはたかい). This term is often used in technical or formal contexts related to transportation.

Radical

走

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

438

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Forget

Reading

Parts

亡Death, Deceased 心Heart

Example Word

忘れる: forget. The Japanese verb '忘れる (わすれる)' means 'to forget'. It is used when someone fails to remember something, whether it be information, an event, or an object. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as forgetting a task, a person, or even one's own belongings. For example: I forgot my wallet「財布を忘れました」(さいふをわすれました). Don't forget to call me「電話するのを忘れないで」(でんわするのをわすれないで). The verb can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as forgetting a feeling or a past experience. It is important to note that '忘れる' is often used with the particle 'を' to indicate the object that is forgotten.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

441

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Exquisite, Marvelous

Reading

Parts

女Woman 少Few

Example Word

妙: strange. The Japanese noun '妙 (みょう)' primarily means 'strange' or 'mysterious'. It is often used to describe something that is unusual, peculiar, or beyond ordinary understanding. This word can carry a nuance of something being intriguingly odd or inexplicably fascinating. For example: That's strange「それは妙だ」(それはみょうだ). He has a mysterious power「彼は妙な力を持っている」(かれはみょうなちからをもっている). Additionally, '妙' can sometimes imply a sense of subtlety or finesse, particularly in contexts related to art or skill, though this usage is less common. For example: Her dance has a subtle charm「彼女のダンスは妙な魅力がある」(かのじょのダンスはみょうなみりょくがある).

Radical

女

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

445

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sell

Reading

Parts

士Samurai 穴Hole

Example Word

安売り: discount or bargain. The Japanese verbal noun '安売り (やすうり)' refers to the act of selling goods at a reduced price, often to attract customers or clear stock. It can also imply a bargain or a deal. This term is commonly used in retail and shopping contexts. For example: The store is having a discount sale「その店は安売りをしています」(そのみせはやすうりをしています). I bought this at a bargain「これを安売りで買いました」(これをやすうりでかいました). Note that '安売り' can sometimes carry a nuance of selling something cheaply or at a loss, depending on the context.

Radical

士

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

463

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Resemble

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)以By means of

Example Word

似合う: suit. The Japanese verb '似合う (にあう)' means 'to suit' or 'to look good on'. It is used to describe when something, such as clothing, accessories, or even a hairstyle, complements or matches a person well. For example: That dress suits you「そのドレスはあなたに似合う」(そのドレスはあなたににあう). This hat looks good on him「この帽子は彼に似合う」(このぼうしはかれににあう). The verb can also be used more abstractly, such as when describing a role or situation that suits someone well. For instance: This job suits her「この仕事は彼女に似合う」(このしごとはかのじょににあう). Note that '似合う' is often used in the context of appearance or suitability.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

464

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Form, Condition

Reading

Parts

丬 犬Dog

Example Word

現状: situation or current. The Japanese noun '現状 (げんじょう)' refers to the 'current situation' or 'present state' of affairs. It is often used in formal or business contexts to discuss the existing conditions or circumstances. For example: we need to analyze the current situation「現状を分析する必要がある」(げんじょうをぶんせきするひつようがある). The current situation is not favorable「現状は有利ではない」(げんじょうはゆうりではない). This term is commonly used in discussions about business, politics, or any scenario where understanding the present state is crucial for decision-making.

Radical

犬

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

507

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Breathe out, Blow

Reading

Parts

囗Box 欠Lack

Example Word

吹く: blow. The Japanese verb '吹く (ふく)' primarily means 'to blow'. This verb is used to describe the action of air or wind moving, such as 'the wind is blowing'「風が吹く」(かぜがふく). It can also be used metaphorically or in other contexts, such as blowing a musical instrument like a flute 'flute is blowing'「フルートを吹く」(ふるーとをふく). Additionally, '吹く' can be used to describe something that suddenly appears or occurs, like a rash or a rumor, though this usage is less common. For example: a rumor is spreading「噂が吹く」(うわさがふく).

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

512

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Trouble, Distress

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 囗Box

Example Word

困る: trouble. The Japanese verb '困る (こまる)' means 'to be in trouble' or 'to be troubled'. It is used to express a state of difficulty, distress, or inconvenience. This verb often conveys a sense of being at a loss or not knowing what to do in a situation. For example: I am in trouble because I lost my wallet「財布をなくして困っている」(さいふをなくしてこまっている). It can also be used to describe a situation where someone is inconvenienced or bothered by something: It troubles me when people are late「人が遅れると困る」(ひとがおくれるとこまる). The verb is commonly used in everyday conversation to express personal difficulties or challenges.

Radical

囗

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

515

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Younger brother

Reading

Parts

丿Katakana no 弓Bow 丨Stick 丷Divide

Example Word

兄弟: siblings. The Japanese noun '兄弟 (きょうだい)' refers to siblings, including both brothers and sisters. It is a gender-neutral term that can be used to describe a group of siblings or to refer to one's own brothers and sisters collectively. For example: I have three siblings「私には兄弟が三人います」(わたしにはきょうだいがさんにんいます). My siblings are kind「私の兄弟は優しいです」(わたしのきょうだいはやさしいです). Note that '兄弟' can also be used in a broader sense to refer to close friends or comrades, implying a bond similar to that of siblings, though this usage is less common and context-dependent.

Radical

弓

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

518

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Pluck, Extract

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)友Friend

Example Word

栓抜き: bottle opener. The Japanese noun '栓抜き (せんぬき)' refers to a 'bottle opener', a tool used to remove caps or corks from bottles. It is commonly used in everyday situations, such as opening beer or soda bottles. For example: I need a bottle opener to open this beer「このビールを開けるために栓抜きが必要です」(このビールをあけるためにせんぬきがひつようです). He bought a new bottle opener「彼は新しい栓抜きを買いました」(かれはあたらしいせんぬきをかいました). The word is a combination of '栓 (せん)', meaning 'stopper' or 'cork', and '抜き (ぬき)', meaning 'removal'.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

526

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Renew, Grow late

Reading

Parts

曰

Example Word

更新: renewal. The Japanese noun '更新 (こうしん)' primarily means 'renewal'. It is commonly used in contexts where something is being updated, refreshed, or extended. For example, it can refer to renewing a contract, updating software, or extending a subscription. Example sentences: I renewed my contract「契約を更新しました」(けいやくをこうしんしました). The software has been updated「ソフトウェアが更新されました」(ソフトウェアがこうしんされました). This word is often used in formal or technical contexts, such as business, technology, or legal matters.

Radical

曰

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

533

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Marsh, Swamp

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)尺Foot

Example Word

沢山: many. The Japanese adverb '沢山 (たくさん)' means 'many' or 'a lot'. It is used to indicate a large quantity of something, whether it be objects, people, or abstract concepts. It can be used in both positive and neutral contexts. For example: There are many books「本が沢山ある」(ほんがたくさんある). I ate a lot「沢山食べた」(たくさんたべた). Note that '沢山' is often used in casual conversation and can also imply 'enough' or 'plenty' in certain contexts, such as 'That's enough, thank you'「もう沢山です、ありがとう」(もうたくさんです、ありがとう).

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

538

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Cold

Reading

Parts

冫Ice (水)令Orders

Example Word

冷淡: indifferent. The Japanese adjectival noun '冷淡 (れいたん)' means 'indifferent' or 'cold-hearted'. It describes a lack of interest, concern, or emotional warmth toward someone or something. This word is often used to describe a person's attitude or behavior, particularly in situations where empathy or care is expected. For example: His attitude was indifferent「彼の態度は冷淡だった」(かれのたいどはれいたんだった). She gave me a cold-hearted response「彼女は冷淡な返事をした」(かのじょはれいたんなへんじをした). The word can also describe a situation or atmosphere that feels emotionally distant or unfeeling.

Radical

冫

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

544

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hometown

Reading

Parts

田Rice field 土Soil

Example Word

古里: hometown. The Japanese noun '古里 (ふるさと)' refers to one's hometown or birthplace, often evoking a sense of nostalgia and emotional attachment. It is commonly used to describe the place where someone grew up or has deep roots. For example: I miss my hometown「古里が懐かしい」(ふるさとがなつかしい). He returned to his hometown「彼は古里に帰った」(かれはふるさとにかえった). The word carries a sentimental tone and is often associated with memories of childhood or family.

Radical

里

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

556

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Request, Seek

Reading

Parts

水Water

Example Word

求める: request or seek. The Japanese verb '求める (もとめる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to seek' or 'to look for', which is used when someone is searching for something, such as an object, information, or a solution. For example: He is seeking the truth「彼は真実を求めている」(かれはしんじつをもとめている). The second meaning is 'to request' or 'to demand', which is used when someone asks for something or requires a specific action. For example: The company requested a detailed report「会社は詳細なレポートを求めた」(かいしゃはしょうさいなレポートをもとめた). The verb can also imply a sense of necessity or desire, depending on the context. It is commonly used in both formal and informal settings.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

562

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Announce

Reading

Parts

⺧Cow 口Mouth

Example Word

広告: advertisement. The Japanese verbal noun '広告 (こうこく)' means 'advertisement'. It refers to a notice or announcement promoting a product, service, or event. This word is commonly used in contexts related to marketing, media, and business. For example: I saw an advertisement on TV「テレビで広告を見た」(テレビでこうこくをみた). The company placed an advertisement in the newspaper「会社は新聞に広告を出した」(かいしゃはしんぶんにこうこくをだした). '広告' can also be used in compound words like '広告費 (こうこくひ)' (advertising expenses) or '広告代理店 (こうこくだいりてん)' (advertising agency).

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

564

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Intention

Reading

Parts

心Heart 士Samurai

Example Word

志: aspiration. The Japanese suffix '志 (し)' is used to denote aspiration, ambition, or intention. It is often attached to nouns to form compound words that describe a person's goals or desires. For example: a person with a strong aspiration to become a doctor「医者志の学生」(いしゃしのがくせい). This suffix is commonly used in contexts related to career goals, personal ambitions, or specific intentions. It can also be seen in words like '学者志 (がくしゃし)', meaning 'aspiring scholar', or '作家志 (さっかし)', meaning 'aspiring writer'. Note that '志' can also be used as a standalone noun meaning 'will' or 'intention', but as a suffix, it specifically conveys the idea of aspiration or ambition.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

568

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Map

Reading

Parts

囗Box 斗Ladle, Dipper

Example Word

図表: diagram or chart. The Japanese noun '図表 (ずひょう)' refers to a visual representation of data or information, such as a chart, graph, or diagram. It is commonly used in academic, business, and technical contexts to present complex information in an easily understandable format. For example: Please refer to the chart on page 5「5ページの図表を参照してください」(5ページのずひょうをさんしょうしてください). This diagram explains the process「この図表はプロセスを説明しています」(このずひょうはプロセスをせつめいしています). The word can also be used to describe tables or figures in reports or presentations.

Radical

囗

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

576

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Research

Reading

Parts

穴Hole 九Nine

Example Word

究極: ultimate. The Japanese noun '究極 (きゅうきょく)' means 'ultimate'. It refers to the highest or final stage of something, often implying the most extreme or perfect form. This word is commonly used in contexts like philosophy, goals, or products to denote the pinnacle or end result. For example: the ultimate goal「究極の目標」(きゅうきょくのもくひょう). This is the ultimate solution「これは究極の解決策です」(これはきゅうきょくのかいけつさくです). It can also carry a nuance of being the final or most advanced stage in a process or development.

Radical

穴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

579

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Labor

Reading

Parts

⺍Small 冖Crown 力Power

Example Word

苦労: hardship. The Japanese verbal noun '苦労 (くろう)' refers to 'hardship' or 'difficulty'. It is often used to describe the struggles, efforts, or troubles one experiences in life or work. This word carries a nuance of enduring or overcoming challenges. For example: He went through a lot of hardship「彼はたくさんの苦労をした」(かれはたくさんのくろうをした). Raising children involves a lot of hardship「子供を育てるのは苦労が多い」(こどもをそだてるのはくろうがおおい). The word can also be used in expressions like '苦労する (くろうする)', meaning 'to struggle' or 'to go through difficulties'.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

587

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Reform

Reading

Parts

己Oneself 攵Strike

Example Word

改める: reform or revise. The Japanese verb '改める (あらためる)' primarily means 'to revise' or 'to reform'. It is used when making changes to something in order to improve or correct it. This verb can be applied to a wide range of contexts, such as revising plans, reforming systems, or correcting behavior. For example: I revised my plans「計画を改めた」(けいかくをあらためた). The government reformed the law「政府は法律を改めた」(せいふはほうりつをあらためた). It's important to note that '改める' often implies a deliberate and thoughtful change, rather than a casual or minor adjustment.

Radical

攴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

588

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Doctor

Reading

Parts

矢Arrow 匸Side enclosure

Example Word

お医者さん: doctor. The Japanese noun 'お医者さん (おいしゃさん)' means 'doctor'. It is a polite and respectful term used to refer to a medical doctor or physician. The prefix 'お' adds politeness, and 'さん' is an honorific suffix, making the term more formal and respectful. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation when referring to doctors. For example: I went to the doctor「お医者さんに行きました」(おいしゃさんにいきました). The doctor is kind「お医者さんは優しいです」(おいしゃさんはやさしいです). It is important to note that 'お医者さん' is more commonly used in spoken language, while '医者 (いしゃ)' is a more neutral term that can be used in both spoken and written contexts.

Radical

匸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

601

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Answer, Respond

Reading

Parts

广Dotted cliff 心Heart

Example Word

対応: response or correspondence. The Japanese verbal noun '対応 (たいおう)' can mean 'response' or 'correspondence'. It is used to describe the act of responding to something or someone, or the state of corresponding to a certain condition or standard. For example: quick response to customer inquiries「顧客の問い合わせに迅速に対応する」(こきゃくのといあわせにじんそくにたいおうする). This product corresponds to the latest standards「この製品は最新の基準に対応している」(このせいひんはさいしんのきじゅんにたいおうしている). The word is often used in business or technical contexts to describe how systems, services, or people handle situations or match requirements.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

606

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Pleasant

Reading

Parts

忄 夬Decide

Example Word

愉快: pleasant. The Japanese adjectival noun '愉快 (ゆかい)' means 'pleasant' or 'delightful'. It is used to describe something that brings joy, amusement, or a sense of enjoyment. This word often conveys a lighthearted or cheerful feeling and is commonly used in contexts involving entertainment, social interactions, or experiences. For example: The party was very pleasant「パーティーはとても愉快だった」(ぱーてぃーはとてもゆかいだった). His jokes are always pleasant「彼のジョークはいつも愉快だ」(かれのじょーくはいつもゆかいだ). Note that '愉快' can also imply a sense of amusement or fun, but its core meaning remains tied to something that is enjoyable or pleasing.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

607

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

End, Tail

Reading

Parts

尸Corpse 毛Fur

Example Word

尾: tail. The Japanese noun '尾 (お)' means 'tail'. This word is used to refer to the tail of an animal, such as a cat, dog, or bird. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the end or trailing part of something. For example: the cat's tail is long「猫の尾は長い」(ねこのおはながい). The comet has a bright tail「彗星は明るい尾を持っている」(すいせいはあかるいおをもっている). In some contexts, it can also refer to the tail end of a story or event, though this usage is less common.

Radical

尸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

609

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Throw

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)殳Pike

Example Word

投入: investment or insertion. The Japanese noun '投入 (とうにゅう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'investment', referring to the act of putting resources (such as time, money, or effort) into something with the expectation of achieving a benefit. For example: The company made a large investment in new technology「会社は新しい技術に大きな投入をした」(かいしゃはあたらしいぎじゅつにおおきなとうにゅうをした). The second meaning is 'insertion', which refers to the act of putting something into a place or system. For example: Insert the card into the machine「カードを機械に投入してください」(かーどをきかいにとうにゅうしてください). These two meanings are unrelated and depend on the context in which the word is used.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

617

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Assist, Help

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)左Left

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

620

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bed, Floor

Reading

Parts

广Dotted cliff 木Tree, Wood

Example Word

臨床: clinical. The Japanese noun '臨床 (りんしょう)' refers to the practical application of medical knowledge, particularly in a clinical setting. It is often used in contexts related to medicine, healthcare, and research. For example: clinical research「臨床研究」(りんしょうけんきゅう). He works in clinical medicine「彼は臨床医学に従事している」(かれはりんしょういがくにじゅうじしている). The term emphasizes the direct observation and treatment of patients, as opposed to theoretical or laboratory-based work.

Radical

广

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

638

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Boy, Sonny

Reading

Parts

土Soil 方Direction

Example Word

寝坊: oversleeping. The Japanese verbal noun '寝坊 (ねぼう)' refers to the act of oversleeping or waking up late. It is often used to describe someone who has slept longer than intended, causing them to be late for an appointment, work, or school. For example: I overslept this morning「今朝寝坊した」(けさねぼうした). Don't oversleep tomorrow「明日寝坊しないで」(あしたねぼうしないで). The term can also be used to describe a person who is habitually late due to oversleeping, as in '彼は寝坊だ (かれはねぼうだ) (He is a late riser).' It carries a slightly negative connotation, implying carelessness or lack of punctuality.

Radical

土

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

656

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Return

Reading

Parts

户 大Big

Example Word

取り戻す: recover. The Japanese verb '取り戻す (とりもどす)' means 'to recover' or 'to regain'. It is used when someone retrieves something that was lost, taken, or diminished. This can apply to physical objects, abstract concepts like time or health, or even emotional states. For example: I recovered my lost wallet「なくした財布を取り戻した」(なくしたさいふをとりもどした). She regained her confidence「彼女は自信を取り戻した」(かのじょはじしんをとりもどした). The verb often implies effort or struggle in the process of recovery. It can also be used in contexts like recovering lost time or reclaiming a position or status.

Radical

戶

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

668

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Disorder, Riot

Reading

Parts

舌Tongue 乚

Example Word

乱す: disrupt. The Japanese verb '乱す (みだす)' means 'to disrupt' or 'to disturb'. It is used to describe the act of causing disorder, confusion, or disruption to something that was previously orderly or organized. This verb can be applied to physical arrangements, plans, emotions, or states of being. For example: The wind disrupted the papers「風が書類を乱した」(かぜがしょるいをみだした). Her words disrupted his peace of mind「彼女の言葉が彼の心の平和を乱した」(かのじょのことばがかれのこころのへいわをみだした). The verb often carries a nuance of negatively affecting something that was stable or harmonious.

Radical

乛

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

677

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Stretch

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)申Report

Example Word

引き伸ばす: stretch. The Japanese verb '引き伸ばす (ひきのばす)' primarily means 'to stretch' or 'to extend'. It is often used in both literal and figurative contexts. Literally, it can refer to physically stretching something, such as pulling dough or extending a rubber band. Figuratively, it can mean prolonging or dragging out a situation, such as extending a conversation or delaying a decision. Example sentences: He stretched the dough「彼は生地を引き伸ばした」(かれはきじをひきのばした). They are prolonging the meeting「彼らは会議を引き伸ばしている」(かれらはかいぎをひきのばしている).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

680

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Instant, Immediate

Reading

Parts

艮Stopping 卩Seal

Example Word

即ち: namely. The Japanese conjunction '即ち (すなわち)' means 'namely' or 'in other words'. It is used to clarify or restate something that has been mentioned previously, often to provide a more precise or detailed explanation. This word is commonly used in both written and formal spoken Japanese. For example: He is my best friend, namely, my brother「彼は私の親友、即ち、私の兄です」(かれはわたしのしんゆう、すなわち、わたしのあにです). The solution is simple, namely, to work harder「解決策は簡単だ、即ち、もっと頑張ることだ」(かいけつさくはかんたんだ、すなわち、もっとがんばることだ).

Radical

卩

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

701

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Surround

Reading

Parts

井Well 口Mouth

Example Word

範囲: range. The Japanese noun '範囲 (はんい)' means 'range'. It refers to the extent or scope of something, such as a physical area, a set of values, or a field of activity. This word is commonly used in both everyday and technical contexts. For example: the range of the mountains「山の範囲」(やまのはんい). The temperature range is wide「温度の範囲は広い」(おんどのはんいはひろい). It can also be used metaphorically, as in 'the range of his knowledge is impressive'「彼の知識の範囲はすごい」(かれのちしきのはんいはすごい).

Radical

囗

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

711

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Crazy, Lunatic

Reading

Parts

犬Dog 王King

Example Word

狂う: crazy or broken. The Japanese verb '狂う (くるう)' can have two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'crazy', referring to a state of mental instability or irrational behavior. For example: he went crazy「彼は狂った」(かれはくるった). The second meaning is 'broken', referring to something that is out of order or not functioning correctly. For example: the clock is broken「時計が狂っている」(とけいがくるっている). The context in which this verb is used will determine which meaning is intended. It's important to note that '狂う' can also be used metaphorically to describe situations or plans that have gone awry.

Radical

犬

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

715

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Clause

Reading

Parts

攵Strike 木Tree, Wood

Example Word

条項: clause or article. The Japanese noun '条項 (じょうこう)' refers to a specific clause or article within a document, contract, law, or agreement. It is commonly used in legal or formal contexts to denote a distinct provision or stipulation. For example: Please review clause 5 of the contract「契約の第5条項を確認してください」(けいやくのだいごじょうこうをかくにんしてください). This article is important「この条項は重要です」(このじょうこうはじゅうようです). The word is often used in discussions about legal documents, treaties, or regulations, where precision and clarity are essential.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

720

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bundle, Bind

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 口Mouth

Example Word

花束: bouquet. The Japanese noun '花束 (はなたば)' refers to a 'bouquet' of flowers. It is commonly used to describe a collection of flowers arranged together, often given as a gift for special occasions such as weddings, anniversaries, or celebrations. For example: She received a beautiful bouquet「彼女は美しい花束をもらった」(かのじょはうつくしいはなたばをもらった). I bought a bouquet for my mother「母に花束を買った」(ははにはなたばをかった). The word emphasizes the arrangement and presentation of flowers, often tied together or placed in a decorative manner.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

729

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bureau

Reading

Parts

尸Corpse 句Phrase, Paragraph

Example Word

薬局: pharmacy. The Japanese noun '薬局 (やっきょく)' refers to a 'pharmacy' or 'drugstore', a place where medicines are dispensed and sold. It is commonly used to describe a store or facility where you can purchase prescription and over-the-counter medications, as well as health-related products. For example: I bought medicine at the pharmacy「薬局で薬を買いました」(やっきょくでくすりをかいました). The pharmacy is closed today「薬局は今日閉まっています」(やっきょくはきょうしまっています). In Japan, 薬局 often also provides consultation services related to medications.

Radical

尸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

734

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Low

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)氐

Example Word

低い: low. The Japanese adjective '低い (ひくい)' means 'low'. It is used to describe something that has a relatively small height, level, or position. This can refer to physical objects, such as buildings or mountains, as well as abstract concepts like volume, temperature, or status. For example: the table is low「テーブルが低い」(てーぶるがひくい). His voice is low「彼の声は低い」(かれのこえはひくい). The temperature is low today「今日は気温が低い」(きょうはきおんがひくい). This adjective is often used in comparisons, such as 'lower than' (より低い).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

739

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Excel, Excellent

Reading

Parts

禾Cereal 乃

Example Word

優秀: excellent. The Japanese adjectival noun '優秀 (ゆうしゅう)' means 'excellent' and is used to describe someone or something that is outstanding, superior, or of high quality. It is often used to praise people, such as students, employees, or professionals, for their exceptional abilities or achievements. For example: He is an excellent student「彼は優秀な学生です」(かれはゆうしゅうながくせいです). This is an excellent product「これは優秀な製品です」(これはゆうしゅうなせいひんです). The term carries a formal tone and is commonly used in academic, professional, or evaluative contexts.

Radical

禾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

746

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Child

Reading

Parts

儿Legs 旧Old, Past

Example Word

小児科: pediatrics. The Japanese noun '小児科 (しょうにか)' refers to the medical field of pediatrics, which is the branch of medicine dealing with the health and medical care of infants, children, and adolescents. This term is commonly used in medical contexts, such as hospitals or clinics, to denote the department or specialty focused on children's health. For example: I work in pediatrics「私は小児科で働いています」(わたしはしょうにかではたらいています). My child is being treated in the pediatrics department「私の子供は小児科で治療を受けています」(わたしのこどもはしょうにかでちりょうをうけています).

Radical

儿

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

750

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Slope

Reading

Parts

土Soil 反Anti

Example Word

坂: slope. The Japanese noun '坂 (さか)' means 'slope' or 'hill'. It refers to an inclined surface, such as a road or path that goes up or down. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and place names. For example: The slope is steep「坂が急です」(さかがきゅうです). Let's walk up the hill「坂を登りましょう」(さかをのぼりましょう). The nuance of this word is neutral and can refer to both gentle and steep slopes. It is often used in contexts related to travel, hiking, or describing terrain.

Radical

土

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

761

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sink

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)冘

Example Word

沈む: sink. The Japanese verb '沈む (しずむ)' primarily means 'to sink'. It is used to describe something descending or submerging into a liquid, such as water. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a person's emotional state, such as feeling down or depressed. For example: The ship sank「船が沈んだ」(ふねがしずんだ). He sank into despair「彼は絶望に沈んだ」(かれはぜつぼうにしずんだ). The sun is setting「太陽が沈む」(たいようがしずむ). Note that '沈む' can also imply a gradual or inevitable decline, whether physical or emotional.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

792

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Give, Wu China

Reading

Example Word

呉れる: give. The Japanese verb '呉れる (くれる)' means 'to give' and is used when someone gives something to the speaker or someone close to the speaker. It implies a sense of favor or kindness from the giver's side. This verb is often used in casual speech and is conjugated differently from other verbs. For example: He gave me a book「彼は私に本をくれた」(かれはわたしにほんをくれた). My friend gave me a ride「友達が車で送ってくれた」(ともだちがくるまでおくってくれた). Note that 'くれる' is used when the action benefits the speaker or someone in the speaker's in-group, and it is often accompanied by a sense of gratitude.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

800

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Complete

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 元Origin

Example Word

不完全: incomplete. The Japanese adjectival noun '不完全 (ふかんぜん)' means 'incomplete'. It is used to describe something that is not fully developed, finished, or perfect. This term can be applied to objects, ideas, systems, or processes. For example: The plan is incomplete「その計画は不完全だ」(そのけいかくはふかんぜんだ). His understanding of the topic is incomplete「彼のその話題の理解は不完全だ」(かれのそのわだいのりかいはふかんぜんだ). The word can also imply a sense of imperfection or deficiency, often used in contexts where something is lacking or not fully realized.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

843

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Negate

Reading

Parts

不Not 口Mouth

Example Word

否: no. The Japanese interjection '否 (いや)' is a direct and somewhat informal way to say 'no'. It is often used in casual conversations to express disagreement, refusal, or to negate a statement. It can also convey a sense of hesitation or contradiction. For example: No, that's not true「いや、それは違う」(いや、それはちがう). No, I don't think so「いや、そうは思わない」(いや、そうはおもわない). In some contexts, it can also be used to express surprise or disbelief, such as 'No way!'「いや、まさか！」(いや、まさか！). This interjection is more commonly used in spoken language rather than formal writing.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

846

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Endure, Stealth

Reading

Parts

刃Blade 心Heart

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

856

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Skill

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)支Branch, Support

Example Word

技師: engineer. The Japanese noun '技師 (ぎし)' refers to an 'engineer', a professional who applies scientific and mathematical principles to design, develop, and maintain structures, machines, or systems. This term is often used in professional contexts and can refer to various types of engineers, such as civil engineers, mechanical engineers, or electrical engineers. For example: He is a civil engineer「彼は土木技師です」(かれはどぼくぎしです). The company hired a new engineer「会社は新しい技師を雇いました」(かいしゃはあたらしいぎしをやといました). Note that '技師' is a formal term and is typically used in professional or official settings.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

860

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Servant, Retainer

Reading

Example Word

大臣: minister. The Japanese noun '大臣 (だいじん)' refers to a 'minister', specifically a high-ranking government official who is in charge of a specific ministry or department. This term is commonly used in political contexts to denote individuals who hold significant authority within the government. For example: The Minister of Finance spoke at the conference「財務大臣が会議で話しました」(ざいむだいじんがかいぎではなしました). The Prime Minister appointed a new Minister of Education「首相が新しい文部科学大臣を任命しました」(しゅしょうがあたらしいもんぶかがくだいじんをにんめいしました). It's important to note that '大臣' is often used in combination with the specific ministry they oversee, such as '外務大臣 (がいむだいじん)' for 'Minister of Foreign Affairs'.

Radical

臣

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

864

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Welcome

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 卬

Example Word

歓迎: welcome. The Japanese verbal noun '歓迎 (かんげい)' means 'welcome'. It is used to express a warm reception or acceptance of someone or something. This term is often used in formal or polite contexts, such as welcoming guests, new members, or ideas. For example: We welcome your opinion「あなたの意見を歓迎します」(あなたのいけんをかんげいします). The new employee was warmly welcomed「新しい従業員は温かく歓迎されました」(あたらしいじゅうぎょういんはあたたかくかんげいされました). It can also be used in phrases like '歓迎会 (かんげいかい)', which means 'welcome party'.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

870

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Chief, Older sibling of parent

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)白White

Example Word

伯母: aunt. The Japanese noun '伯母 (おば)' refers to one's aunt, specifically the sister of one's parent. It is used to denote a familial relationship and is a respectful term. The term can be used for both the father's and mother's sisters, but it is important to note that in Japanese, there are different terms for older and younger aunts, with '伯母 (おば)' typically referring to an older aunt. For example: My aunt is coming to visit「私の伯母が訪ねてきます」(わたしのおばがたずねてきます). She is my father's older sister「彼女は私の父の伯母です」(かのじょはわたしのちちのおばです).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

883

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Accompany, Companion

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)半Half

Example Word

伴う: accompany. The Japanese verb '伴う (ともなう)' primarily means 'to accompany' or 'to go along with'. It is often used to describe situations where one thing naturally follows or is associated with another. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: success often accompanies hard work「成功はしばしば努力を伴う」(せいこうはしばしばどりょくをともなう). The storm was accompanied by strong winds「嵐は強い風を伴っていた」(あらしはつよいかぜをともなっていた). It's important to note that '伴う' can also imply a sense of inevitability or necessity in the relationship between the two things being described.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

945

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Criticize

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)比Compare, Ratio

Example Word

批評: review or criticism. The Japanese verbal noun '批評 (ひひょう)' can mean both 'criticism' and 'review'. It refers to the act of evaluating or analyzing something, often in a formal or detailed manner. This word is commonly used in contexts such as literary criticism, art reviews, or critiques of performances. For example: His criticism was harsh「彼の批評は厳しかった」(かれのひひょうはきびしかった). I read a review of the movie「その映画の批評を読んだ」(そのえいがのひひょうをよんだ). Note that while 'criticism' can sometimes carry a negative connotation, '批評' is generally neutral and focuses on analysis rather than judgment.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

968

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Steam

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)气Air

Example Word

汽車: steam train. The Japanese noun '汽車 (きしゃ)' refers to a 'steam train'. This word is often used to describe old-fashioned trains powered by steam engines, which were common in Japan during the early to mid-20th century. It evokes a sense of nostalgia and is frequently used in literature, songs, and historical contexts. For example: The steam train is coming「汽車が来る」(きしゃがくる). I saw a steam train at the museum「博物館で汽車を見た」(はくぶつかんできしゃをみた). Note that while modern trains are referred to as '電車 (でんしゃ)', '汽車' specifically refers to steam-powered trains.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

979

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Instead, Eliminate

Reading

Parts

去Past 卩Seal

Example Word

返却: return. The Japanese verbal noun '返却 (へんきゃく)' means 'return' in the sense of giving something back, such as returning a borrowed item. It is commonly used in contexts like returning books to a library or returning rented items. For example: Please return the book by tomorrow「本を明日までに返却してください」(ほんをあしたまでにへんきゃくしてください). I returned the DVD to the rental shop「DVDをレンタルショップに返却した」(DVDをレンタルショップにへんきゃくした). The term emphasizes the act of returning something to its original place or owner.

Radical

卩

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

995

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bath

Reading

Parts

口Mouth

Example Word

風呂: bath. The Japanese noun '風呂 (ふろ)' refers to a bath, specifically a traditional Japanese bath. This term is commonly used to describe the bathing area or the act of bathing itself. In Japanese culture, taking a bath is often a relaxing and cleansing ritual, and '風呂' can refer to both the bathtub and the entire bathroom area. For example: I will take a bath「風呂に入ります」(ふろにはいります). The bath is ready「風呂が沸きました」(ふろがわきました). It's important to note that '風呂' is often used in the context of a traditional Japanese bathhouse or '銭湯 (せんとう)', where people go to bathe communally.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

998

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Cedar, Cryptomeria

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 彡Fur

Example Word

杉: cedar. The Japanese noun '杉 (すぎ)' refers to the cedar tree, specifically the Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica). This tree is native to Japan and is commonly found in forests, temples, and shrines. It is known for its tall, straight trunk and aromatic wood, which is often used in construction and for making furniture. Example sentences: The cedar tree is tall「杉の木は高い」(すぎのきはたかい). The temple is surrounded by cedar trees「その寺は杉に囲まれている」(そのてらはすぎにかこまれている).

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1021

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hard, Spicy

Reading

Parts

立Stand 十Ten

Example Word

塩辛い: salty. The Japanese adjective '塩辛い (しおからい)' means 'salty'. It is used to describe food or dishes that have a strong or pronounced saltiness. This word can also carry a nuance of being overly salty or having a sharp, briny taste. For example: this soup is salty「このスープは塩辛い」(このスープはしおからい). The pickles are too salty「漬物が塩辛すぎる」(つけものがしおからすぎる). Note that '塩辛い' is often used to describe food, but it can also be used metaphorically to describe situations or emotions that feel 'sharp' or 'intense'.

Radical

辛

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1052

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Toil

Reading

Parts

奴Servant, Dude 力Power

Example Word

努力: effort. The Japanese verbal noun '努力 (どりょく)' means 'effort'. It refers to the act of striving or working hard towards a goal. This word is often used in contexts where perseverance and dedication are emphasized. For example: He made an effort to learn Japanese「彼は日本語を学ぶために努力した」(かれはにほんごをまなぶためにどりょくした). Without effort, success is impossible「努力なしでは成功は不可能だ」(どりょくなしではせいこうはふかのうだ). The word can also be used in phrases like '努力家 (どりょくか)', which means 'hard worker' or 'diligent person'.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1066

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Materials, Timber

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 才Talent, Age

Example Word

材: material. The Japanese suffix '材 (ざい)' means 'material' and is used to refer to the substance or raw material from which something is made. It is often attached to nouns to specify the type of material being discussed. For example: wood material「木材」(もくざい). building material「建材」(けんざい). This suffix is commonly used in contexts related to construction, manufacturing, or crafting. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something as the 'material' or 'basis' for an idea or concept, though this usage is less common.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1075

Handwriting