Jōyō KanjiOrganized by Stroke Count

kanji

Meaning

See

Reading

Parts

儿Legs 目Eye

Example Word

見当: direction or estimate. The Japanese noun '見当 (けんとう)' can mean 'estimate' or 'direction'. When used to mean 'estimate', it refers to a rough calculation or guess about something, such as time, cost, or quantity. For example: I have an estimate of the cost「費用の見当がつく」(ひようのけんとうがつく). When used to mean 'direction', it refers to the general area or orientation where something is located. For example: I have no idea of the direction「見当がつかない」(けんとうがつかない). The word is often used in contexts where precision is not required, and it carries a nuance of approximation or uncertainty.

Radical

見

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

3

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Come

Reading

Parts

米Rice 一One

Example Word

再来年: year after next. The Japanese noun '再来年 (さらいねん)' refers to 'the year after next'. It is used to indicate a time two years from the current year. This term is commonly used in planning or discussing future events that are not immediate but still within a relatively near timeframe. For example: I will graduate the year after next「再来年に卒業します」(さらいねんにそつぎょうします). We are planning to move the year after next「再来年に引っ越す予定です」(さらいねんにひっこすよていです). Note that '再来年' is a specific term and should not be confused with '来年 (らいねん)', which means 'next year'.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

5

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

What

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)可Possible

Example Word

何: what. The Japanese pronoun '何 (なに)' means 'what'. It is used to ask questions about things, objects, or abstract concepts. It is a versatile word that can be used in various contexts, such as asking for information, clarification, or identification. For example: What is this?「これは何？」(これはなに？). What are you doing?「何をしているの？」(なにをしているの？). It can also be used in expressions like '何でも (なにでも)' meaning 'anything' or 'whatever'. Note that '何' can also be read as 'なん' in certain contexts, such as when followed by certain particles or in specific phrases, but the meaning remains the same.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

13

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Private, Me

Reading

Parts

禾Cereal 厶Private

Example Word

私: I. The Japanese pronoun '私 (わたし)' is a common way to refer to oneself, equivalent to 'I' in English. It is gender-neutral and widely used in both formal and informal contexts. However, it is more commonly used by women in casual settings, as men might opt for alternatives like '僕 (ぼく)' or '俺 (おれ)' depending on the situation. Example sentences: I am a student「私は学生です」(わたしはがくせいです). I like apples「私はりんごが好きです」(わたしはりんごがすきです). In formal settings, '私' is universally appropriate regardless of gender.

Radical

禾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

15

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Say

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 亠Lid 二Two

Example Word

発言: statement. The Japanese verbal noun '発言 (はつげん)' refers to the act of making a statement or expressing an opinion, often in a formal or public setting. It is commonly used in contexts such as meetings, debates, or discussions. For example: His statement was very clear「彼の発言はとても明確でした」(かれのはつげんはとてもめいかくでした). Please refrain from making unnecessary statements「不必要な発言は控えてください」(ふひつようなはつげんはひかえてください). The word emphasizes the act of speaking out or contributing to a conversation, and it often carries a sense of responsibility or significance.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

25

Radical Form

訁

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Body, Self

Reading

Parts

自Self 亅Barb 丿Katakana no

Example Word

受け身: passive or defenselessness. The Japanese noun '受け身 (うけみ)' primarily means 'passive', referring to a state of being acted upon rather than acting. It is often used in contexts such as grammar (passive voice) or martial arts (a defensive stance). Additionally, it can imply a sense of defenselessness or vulnerability. Example sentences: He always takes a passive stance in arguments「彼はいつも議論で受け身だ」(かれはいつもぎろんでうけみだ). In judo, mastering the passive stance is crucial「柔道では受け身をマスターすることが重要だ」(じゅうどうではうけみをますたーすることがじゅうようだ).

Radical

身

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

64

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ruler, You

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 尹Official rank

Example Word

君主: monarch. The Japanese noun '君主 (くんしゅ)' refers to a 'monarch', a sovereign head of state, especially a king, queen, or emperor. This term is used in historical, political, and formal contexts to denote a ruler with supreme authority over a state or territory. For example: The monarch ruled the country wisely「君主は国を賢く治めた」(くんしゅはくにをかしこくおさめた). The power of the monarch was absolute「君主の権力は絶対的だった」(くんしゅのけんりょくはぜったいてきだった). The term can also be used metaphorically in literature or discussions about leadership and authority.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

75

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Man

Reading

Parts

田Rice field 力Power

Example Word

長男: eldest son. The Japanese noun '長男 (ちょうなん)' refers to the 'eldest son' in a family. This term is used to denote the firstborn male child, often carrying cultural significance in terms of inheritance, family responsibilities, and traditional roles. For example: His eldest son is a doctor「彼の長男は医者です」(かれのちょうなんはいしゃです). The eldest son inherited the family business「長男は家業を継ぎました」(ちょうなんはかぎょうをつぎました). In Japanese society, the eldest son may traditionally be expected to take care of aging parents or manage family affairs.

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

86

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Make

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)𠂉Person (人)二Two 丨Stick

Example Word

創作: creation or fiction. The Japanese noun '創作 (そうさく)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'creation', referring to the act of creating something, such as art, literature, or other creative works. For example: This painting is my creation「この絵は私の創作です」(このえはわたしのそうさくです). The second meaning is 'fiction', referring to works of imaginative storytelling, such as novels or short stories. For example: I enjoy reading fiction「私は創作を読むのが好きです」(わたしはそうさくをよむのがすきです). The word is often used in contexts related to art, literature, and creative expression.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

96

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Voice

Reading

Parts

士Samurai 尸Corpse 丨Stick

Example Word

音声: sound or voice. The Japanese noun '音声 (おんせい)' primarily refers to 'voice' or 'sound'. It is often used in contexts related to audio, speech, or auditory signals. For example, it can describe human voices, recorded audio, or even synthetic sounds. Example sentences: The voice was clear「音声がはっきりしていた」(おんせいがはっきりしていた). The sound quality is good「音声の質が良い」(おんせいのしつがよい). This word is commonly used in technology, media, and everyday conversation to refer to auditory elements.

Radical

士

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

110

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Body

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)本Book, Origin

Example Word

主体: subject. The Japanese noun '主体 (しゅたい)' primarily means 'subject'. It refers to the main entity or the central figure in a context, often used in philosophical, grammatical, or organizational discussions. In grammar, it denotes the subject of a sentence. In a broader sense, it can refer to the main body or core part of an organization or movement. Example sentences include: The subject of the sentence is clear「文の主体は明確です」(ぶんのしゅたいはめいかくです). The organization's main body decided to change the policy「組織の主体が方針を変えることに決めた」(そしきのしゅたいがほうしんをかえることにきめた).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

115

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Foot, Sufficient

Reading

Parts

龰Stop (止)口Mouth

Example Word

付け足す: add. The Japanese verb '付け足す (つけたす)' means 'to add' or 'to append'. It is used when something is added to an existing thing, often to supplement or complete it. This verb implies that the addition is not the main part but rather an extra or supplementary part. For example: I added a few lines to the report「レポートに数行付け足した」(レポートにすうぎょうつけたした). She added some notes to the document「彼女はその書類にメモを付け足した」(かのじょはそのしょるいにメモをつけたした). The verb can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as adding details or information to a story or explanation.

Radical

足

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

121

Radical Form

⻊

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Near

Reading

Parts

斤Axe, Catty ⻌Walk

Example Word

接近: approach. The Japanese verbal noun '接近 (せっきん)' means 'approach'. It refers to the act of coming closer to something or someone, either physically or metaphorically. It can be used in various contexts, such as describing the approach of a person, an event, or even an abstract concept like danger. For example: The storm is approaching「嵐が接近している」(あらしがせっきんしている). He approached the problem carefully「彼はその問題に接近した」(かれはそのもんだいにせっきんした). This word is often used in formal or serious contexts, and it can imply a sense of urgency or importance.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

122

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Against

Reading

Parts

寸Measurement 文Sentence

Example Word

反対: reverse or opposition. The Japanese verbal noun '反対 (はんたい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'opposition,' referring to being against something or someone, such as in a disagreement or protest. For example: I am against this plan「私はこの計画に反対です」(わたしはこのけいかくにはんたいです). The second meaning is 'reverse,' indicating the opposite direction or side. For example: Please write it in reverse order「反対の順番で書いてください」(はんたいのじゅんばんでかいてください). The word is versatile and can be used in both abstract and concrete contexts, depending on the situation.

Radical

寸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

148

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Village

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 寸Measurement

Example Word

農村: village. The Japanese noun '農村 (のうそん)' refers to a 'village' or 'rural area', specifically one that is primarily focused on agriculture. This term is often used to describe small, countryside communities where farming is the main occupation. It carries a connotation of simplicity and traditional lifestyle, contrasting with urban areas. For example: I grew up in a rural village「私は農村で育ちました」(わたしはのうそんでそだちました). The rural village is surrounded by fields「その農村は畑に囲まれている」(そののうそんははたけにかこまれている).

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

180

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Separate

Reading

Parts

叧 刂Sword (刀)

Example Word

別々: separate. The Japanese adjectival noun '別々 (べつべつ)' means 'separate'. It is used to describe things that are distinct, individual, or not together. This word often implies that things are divided or handled independently. For example: we went to the party separately「私たちは別々にパーティーに行った」(わたしたちはべつべつにパーティーにいった). They live in separate houses「彼らは別々の家に住んでいる」(かれらはべつべつのいえにすんでいる). Note that '別々' can also imply a sense of division or difference, such as in '別々の意見 (べつべつのいけん) (separate opinions)'.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

181

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Self, Ego

Reading

Parts

手Hand 戈

Example Word

我が国: our country. The Japanese noun '我が国 (わがくに)' means 'our country'. It is a formal and somewhat patriotic term used to refer to one's own nation, often in official or ceremonial contexts. The term carries a sense of pride and belonging. For example: We must protect our country「我が国を守らなければならない」(わがくにをまもらなければならない). Our country is beautiful「我が国は美しい」(わがくにはうつくしい). The term is often used in speeches, official documents, and news reports to emphasize national identity and unity.

Radical

戈

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

182

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Car

Reading

Parts

二Two 申Report

Example Word

自動車: car. The Japanese noun '自動車 (じどうしゃ)' means 'car'. It refers to a motor vehicle with four wheels, typically powered by an internal combustion engine or an electric motor, and is used for transporting passengers. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and formal contexts. For example: I bought a new car「新しい自動車を買いました」(あたらしいじどうしゃをかいました). The car is parked over there「自動車はあそこに止まっています」(じどうしゃはあそこにとまっています). The term is neutral and can refer to any type of car, from sedans to SUVs.

Radical

車

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

190

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Flower

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 化Change

Example Word

花火: fireworks. The Japanese noun '花火 (はなび)' means 'fireworks'. This word is commonly used to describe the colorful explosive displays often seen during festivals, celebrations, or special events in Japan. Fireworks are a significant part of Japanese culture, especially during summer festivals. Example sentences: The fireworks were beautiful「花火がきれいでした」(はなびがきれいでした). We watched the fireworks at the festival「祭りで花火を見ました」(まつりではなびをみました). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something fleeting or spectacular, though this usage is less common.

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

195

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Return

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 反Anti

Example Word

裏返し: inside out. The Japanese verbal noun '裏返し (うらがえし)' means 'inside out' or 'reversed'. It is used to describe something that is turned inside out or flipped, often referring to clothing or objects. It can also metaphorically describe a situation or meaning that is the opposite of what is expected. For example: She wore her shirt inside out「彼女はシャツを裏返しに着ていた」(かのじょはシャツをうらがえしにきていた). The meaning of his words was the opposite of what he said「彼の言葉は裏返しの意味だった」(かれのことばはうらがえしのいみだった). This term is commonly used in everyday conversation and can be applied to both literal and figurative contexts.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

199

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Help

Reading

Parts

且Moreover, Also 力Power

Example Word

助手: assistant. The Japanese noun '助手 (じょしゅ)' means 'assistant'. It refers to someone who provides help or support, often in a professional or academic setting. For example, in a university, a '助手' might assist a professor with research or teaching. In a workplace, it could refer to a junior staff member who supports more senior colleagues. Example sentences: The assistant prepared the documents「助手が書類を準備した」(じょしゅがしょるいをじゅんびした). She works as an assistant at the university「彼女は大学で助手として働いている」(かのじょはだいがくでじょしゅとしてはたらいている).

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

200

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Shape

Reading

Parts

彡Fur 开Open

Example Word

形成: formation. The Japanese verbal noun '形成 (けいせい)' refers to the act of forming, shaping, or creating something. It is often used in contexts related to the development or establishment of structures, systems, or ideas. For example: the formation of a new government「新しい政府の形成」(あたらしいせいふのけいせい). The shaping of public opinion「世論の形成」(よろんのけいせい). This term is commonly used in both abstract and concrete contexts, such as in discussions about social, cultural, or physical formations.

Radical

彡

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

201

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Town

Reading

Parts

田Rice field 丁Street

Example Word

町中: town center. The Japanese noun '町中 (まちなか)' refers to the central or main part of a town or city, often implying a bustling area with shops, businesses, and activity. It is commonly used to describe the lively or populated areas of a town, as opposed to quieter residential or rural areas. For example: The town center is crowded「町中は混雑している」(まちなかはこんざつしている). I walked around the town center「町中を歩いた」(まちなかをあるいた). This term is often used in contrast to '郊外 (こうがい)' (suburbs) or '田舎 (いなか)' (countryside).

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

211

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Soldier

Reading

Parts

丘Hill 八Eight

Example Word

兵士: soldier. The Japanese noun '兵士 (へいし)' means 'soldier'. It refers to a person who serves in an army or military force. This term is neutral and can be used to describe soldiers in any context, whether historical, modern, or fictional. For example: The soldier fought bravely「兵士は勇敢に戦った」(へいしはゆうかんにたたかった). Many soldiers were injured in the battle「多くの兵士が戦闘で負傷した」(おおくのへいしがせんとうでふしょうした). The word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts.

Radical

八

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

218

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Beginning, First

Reading

Parts

衤 刀Sword

Example Word

初歩: basics. The Japanese noun '初歩 (しょほ)' refers to the 'basics' or 'rudimentary knowledge' of a subject. It is often used to describe the foundational or introductory level of learning something. For example: I am learning the basics of Japanese「私は日本語の初歩を学んでいます」(わたしはにほんごのしょほをまなんでいます). This book covers the basics of programming「この本はプログラミングの初歩をカバーしています」(このほんはプログラミングのしょほをカバーしています). The term emphasizes the starting point of acquiring knowledge or skills.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

226

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Company

Reading

Parts

土Soil 礻Cult (示)

Example Word

商社: trading company. The Japanese noun '商社 (しょうしゃ)' refers to a 'trading company'. These companies specialize in the import and export of goods, often acting as intermediaries between manufacturers and buyers. They play a significant role in global trade, handling a wide range of products from raw materials to finished goods. Example sentences: He works for a trading company「彼は商社に勤めている」(かれはしょうしゃにつとめている). This trading company deals with electronics「この商社は電子機器を扱っている」(このしょうしゃはでんしききをあつかっている).

Radical

示

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

240

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Decide

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)夬Decide

Example Word

決して: never. The Japanese adverb '決して (けっして)' means 'never' and is used to strongly emphasize that something will absolutely not happen or is not true. It is often used in negative sentences to reinforce the negation. For example: I will never forget your kindness「決してあなたの親切を忘れません」(けっしてあなたのしんせつをわすれません). This is never acceptable「これは決して許されません」(これはけっしてゆるされません). Note that '決して' is typically paired with negative verb forms to convey its meaning effectively.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

253

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Profit, Advantage

Reading

Parts

禾Cereal 刂Sword (刀)

Example Word

利用: use. The Japanese verbal noun '利用 (りよう)' means 'use' or 'utilization'. It refers to the act of using something, often in a practical or beneficial way. This word is commonly used in contexts involving services, resources, or facilities. For example: I use the library「図書館を利用する」(としょかんをりようする). He utilizes public transportation「彼は公共交通を利用する」(かれはこうきょうこうつうをりようする). The word can also imply making the most of something, such as opportunities or tools. Note that '利用' is often paired with verbs like 'する' to form phrases like '利用する (りようする)' (to use).

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

262

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Excess

Reading

Parts

亼 朩

Example Word

余る: remain. The Japanese verb '余る (あまる)' means 'to remain' or 'to be left over'. It is used to describe a situation where there is more of something than needed, resulting in a surplus. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as food, time, or resources. For example: There is food left over「食べ物が余っている」(たべものがあまっている). We have extra time「時間が余っている」(じかんがあまっている). It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as when describing emotions or situations that exceed expectations. For instance: Her kindness is more than I can handle「彼女の優しさには余るほどだ」(かのじょのやさしさにはあまるほどだ).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

273

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Red

Reading

Parts

土Soil 丿Katakana no 亅Barb 八Eight

Example Word

赤字: deficit. The Japanese noun '赤字 (あかじ)' primarily means 'deficit'. It is commonly used in financial contexts to describe a situation where expenses exceed income, resulting in a loss. The term can also be used metaphorically to describe any situation where there is a shortfall or lack. For example: The company is in deficit「その会社は赤字です」(そのかいしゃはあかじです). The government is facing a budget deficit「政府は予算の赤字に直面している」(せいふはよさんのあかじにちょくめんしている). The term is often used in business and economic discussions, and it is important to note that it carries a negative connotation, indicating financial trouble or imbalance.

Radical

赤

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

308

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Judge, Stamp

Reading

Parts

半Half 刂Sword (刀)

Example Word

裁判: trial. The Japanese verbal noun '裁判 (さいばん)' refers to a 'trial' or 'legal judgment'. It is used in the context of legal proceedings where a court examines evidence and arguments to decide a case. This term is often associated with criminal or civil cases. For example: The trial will start tomorrow「裁判は明日始まります」(さいばんはあしたはじまります). He was found guilty at the trial「彼は裁判で有罪とされた」(かれはさいばんでゆうざいとされた). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as '裁判所 (さいばんしょ)' meaning 'court of law'.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

330

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Good

Reading

Parts

丶Dot 艮Stopping

Example Word

仲良く: friendly. The Japanese adverb '仲良く (なかよく)' means 'friendly' or 'on good terms'. It is used to describe a harmonious or amicable relationship between people. This word often implies mutual understanding and cooperation. For example: Let's get along well「仲良くしましょう」(なかよくしましょう). They are living together in harmony「彼らは仲良く暮らしています」(かれらはなかよくくらしています). It can also be used to describe how people interact, such as playing together nicely or working together without conflict.

Radical

艮

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

334

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Duty

Reading

Parts

彳Stop 殳Pike

Example Word

役割: role. The Japanese noun '役割 (やくわり)' means 'role'. It refers to the function or position someone or something has in a particular situation, group, or system. It can be used in various contexts, such as social roles, job responsibilities, or the role of an object in a process. For example: her role in the project is important「彼女のプロジェクトでの役割は重要だ」(かのじょのプロジェクトでのやくわりはじゅうようだ). Each tool has its own role「それぞれの道具には役割がある」(それぞれのどうぐにはやくわりがある). This word is often used to describe the expected behavior or contribution of a person or thing in a specific context.

Radical

彳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

354

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Rank

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)立Stand

Example Word

位置: position. The Japanese verbal noun '位置 (いち)' means 'position'. It refers to the place or location of something in space or in a particular arrangement. It can also refer to one's status or role in a group or organization. For example: the position of the chair「椅子の位置」(いすのいち). His position in the company is high「彼の会社での位置は高い」(かれのかいしゃでのいちはたかい). This word is often used in contexts involving physical placement, ranking, or situational status.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

366

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Art, Performance

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 云Say

Example Word

芸能: entertainment. The Japanese noun '芸能 (げいのう)' refers to the world of entertainment, including performing arts, music, acting, and other forms of public performance. It is often used to describe the industry or profession related to entertainment. For example: She works in the entertainment industry「彼女は芸能界で働いています」(かのじょはげいのうかいではたらいています). Traditional Japanese entertainment is fascinating「伝統的な日本の芸能は魅力的です」(でんとうてきなにほんのげいのうはみりょくてきです). The term can also refer to the skills or talents associated with performing arts.

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

388

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Corner, Angle

Reading

Parts

⺈Wrap 冂Enclosure 土Soil

Example Word

四つ角: intersection. The Japanese noun '四つ角 (よつかど)' refers to an intersection where two roads or streets cross each other, typically forming a four-way crossing. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation when giving directions or describing locations. For example: Turn right at the intersection「四つ角を右に曲がってください」(よつかどをみぎにまがってください). The store is at the intersection「その店は四つ角にあります」(そのみせはよつかどにあります). The word emphasizes the four-cornered nature of the crossing, making it distinct from other types of intersections.

Radical

角

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

389

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Live

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)主Master

Example Word

住む: live. The Japanese verb '住む (すむ)' means 'to live' or 'to reside'. It is used to describe where someone lives or resides, whether it's a city, country, or specific type of dwelling. This verb is commonly used in everyday conversation to talk about one's place of residence. For example: I live in Tokyo「私は東京に住んでいます」(わたしはとうきょうにすんでいます). They live in a big house「彼らは大きな家に住んでいる」(かれらはおおきないえにすんでいる). It can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as 'living in peace'「平和に住む」(へいわにすむ). Note that this verb is often paired with location particles like に (ni) to indicate the place of residence.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

396

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bend, Fold

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)斤Axe, Catty

Example Word

折れる: bend or break. The Japanese verb '折れる (おれる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to break', typically referring to something snapping or breaking off, such as a branch or a bone. For example: the branch broke「枝が折れた」(えだがおれた). The second meaning is 'to bend', often implying flexibility or yielding, such as bending under pressure or bending one's will. For example: he bent under the pressure「彼はプレッシャーに折れた」(かれはぷれっしゃーにおれた). This verb can also be used metaphorically, such as yielding in an argument or compromising. For example: she finally gave in「彼女はついに折れた」(かのじょはついにおれた).

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

416

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

What

Reading

Parts

⻏Mound (阜)

Example Word

旦那: husband. The Japanese noun '旦那 (だんな)' primarily means 'husband'. It is a somewhat formal or traditional term used to refer to one's husband, often implying respect or a certain level of formality. It can also be used to address or refer to a master or boss, particularly in historical or service contexts. For example: my husband is kind「私の旦那は優しい」(わたしのだんなはやさしい). The master of the house is strict「旦那様は厳しい」(だんなさまはきびしい). Note that in modern usage, '旦那' is less common in casual speech, with '夫 (おっと)' or '主人 (しゅじん)' being more frequently used to refer to a husband.

Radical

邑

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

425

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Valley

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 人Person ハKatakana ha

Example Word

谷: valley. The Japanese noun '谷 (たに)' means 'valley'. It refers to a low area of land between hills or mountains, often with a river or stream running through it. This word is commonly used in geographical contexts or to describe natural landscapes. For example: The valley is beautiful「谷は美しい」(たにはうつくしい). We hiked through the valley「私たちは谷をハイキングした」(わたしたちはたにをハイキングした). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a low point or dip in something, such as in '声の谷 (こえのたに)' (a dip in one's voice).

Radical

谷

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

427

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Run

Reading

Parts

土Soil 龰Stop (止)

Example Word

走る: run. The Japanese verb '走る (はしる)' means 'to run'. It is used to describe the action of moving quickly on foot, typically faster than walking. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as running in a race, running away from something, or even metaphorically, like a river running through a valley. For example: I run every morning「私は毎朝走る」(わたしはまいあさはしる). The river runs through the valley「川が谷間を走る」(かわがたにまをはしる). It's important to note that '走る' can also be used in compound verbs, such as '駆け走る (かけはしる)' which means 'to dash' or 'to sprint'.

Radical

走

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

438

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Forget

Reading

Parts

亡Death, Deceased 心Heart

Example Word

忘れ物: forgotten item. The Japanese noun '忘れ物 (わすれもの)' means 'forgotten item' or 'something left behind'. It refers to an object that a person has accidentally forgotten to take with them, often used in situations like public transportation, restaurants, or schools. For example: Did you forget something? 「忘れ物はありませんか？」 (わすれものはありませんか？). I left my umbrella on the train 「電車に傘を忘れ物した」 (でんしゃにかさをわすれものした). The word is commonly used in announcements or reminders to ensure people do not leave personal items behind.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

441

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Exquisite, Marvelous

Reading

Parts

女Woman 少Few

Example Word

微妙: subtle or doubtful. The Japanese adjectival noun '微妙 (びみょう)' can mean 'subtle' or 'doubtful', depending on the context. When used to mean 'subtle', it refers to something that is delicate, nuanced, or not easily noticeable. For example: The difference is subtle「その違いは微妙だ」(そのちがいはびみょうだ). When used to mean 'doubtful', it expresses uncertainty or skepticism about something. For example: I'm doubtful about his plan「彼の計画は微妙だ」(かれのけいかくはびみょうだ). This word is often used in casual conversation to express that something is 'questionable' or 'not quite right' without being overly negative. It can also be used to describe a situation that is hard to judge or evaluate clearly.

Radical

女

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

445

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sell

Reading

Parts

士Samurai 穴Hole

Example Word

商売: business. The Japanese verbal noun '商売 (しょうばい)' refers to the act of conducting business or trade. It is commonly used to describe commercial activities, such as selling goods or services. This word can also imply a profession or occupation that involves buying and selling. For example: His business is thriving「彼の商売は繁盛している」(かれのしょうばいははんじょうしている). She runs a small business「彼女は小さな商売をしている」(かのじょはちいさなしょうばいをしている). The term can also carry nuances of livelihood or means of earning a living, as in '商売がうまくいかない (しょうばいがうまくいかない) (business is not going well).'

Radical

士

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

463

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Resemble

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)以By means of

Example Word

似ている: resemble. The Japanese verb '似ている (にている)' means 'to resemble' or 'to be similar'. It is used to describe a likeness or similarity between two things, people, or situations. This verb is often used in comparisons, such as when saying someone looks like another person or when two objects share similar characteristics. For example: she resembles her mother「彼女は母親に似ている」(かのじょはははおやににている). These two paintings are similar「この二つの絵は似ている」(このふたつのえはにている). The verb is typically used in its te-form (似ている) to indicate a state of resemblance or similarity.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

464

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Form, Condition

Reading

Parts

丬 犬Dog

Example Word

年賀状: new years card. The Japanese noun '年賀状 (ねんがじょう)' refers to a 'New Year's card'. These are special greeting cards sent to friends, family, and colleagues to celebrate the New Year. They often feature traditional designs, such as the zodiac animal of the year, and include messages of good fortune and health. Example sentences: I sent a New Year's card to my friend「友達に年賀状を送りました」(ともだちにねんがじょうをおくりました). Did you receive a New Year's card?「年賀状をもらいましたか？」(ねんがじょうをもらいましたか？).

Radical

犬

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

507

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Breathe out, Blow

Reading

Parts

囗Box 欠Lack

Example Word

吹く: blow. The Japanese verb '吹く (ふく)' primarily means 'to blow'. This verb is used to describe the action of air or wind moving, such as 'the wind is blowing'「風が吹く」(かぜがふく). It can also be used metaphorically or in other contexts, such as blowing a musical instrument like a flute 'flute is blowing'「フルートを吹く」(ふるーとをふく). Additionally, '吹く' can be used to describe something that suddenly appears or occurs, like a rash or a rumor, though this usage is less common. For example: a rumor is spreading「噂が吹く」(うわさがふく).

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

512

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Trouble, Distress

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 囗Box

Example Word

困る: trouble. The Japanese verb '困る (こまる)' means 'to be in trouble' or 'to be troubled'. It is used to express a state of difficulty, distress, or inconvenience. This verb often conveys a sense of being at a loss or not knowing what to do in a situation. For example: I am in trouble because I lost my wallet「財布をなくして困っている」(さいふをなくしてこまっている). It can also be used to describe a situation where someone is inconvenienced or bothered by something: It troubles me when people are late「人が遅れると困る」(ひとがおくれるとこまる). The verb is commonly used in everyday conversation to express personal difficulties or challenges.

Radical

囗

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

515

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Younger brother

Reading

Parts

丿Katakana no 弓Bow 丨Stick 丷Divide

Example Word

弟: younger brother. The Japanese noun '弟 (おとうと)' means 'younger brother'. It specifically refers to a male sibling who is younger than the speaker. This term is commonly used in family contexts and is neutral in tone. For example: my younger brother is kind「私の弟は優しい」(わたしのおとうとはやさしい). I have a younger brother「私は弟がいます」(わたしはおとうとがいます). Note that '弟' is used only for younger brothers; older brothers are referred to as '兄 (あに)'. The term does not change based on the speaker's gender.

Radical

弓

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

518

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Pluck, Extract

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)友Friend

Example Word

抜く: remove or surpass. The Japanese verb '抜く (ぬく)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to remove' or 'to extract', often used when taking something out of a place or situation. For example: I removed the cork from the bottle「瓶の栓を抜いた」(びんのせんをぬいた). The second meaning is 'to surpass' or 'to outdo', used when someone or something exceeds others in ability or performance. For example: He surpassed everyone in the race「彼はレースで皆を抜いた」(かれはレースでみんなをぬいた). The verb is versatile and its meaning depends heavily on context. It can also be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '気を抜く (きをぬく)', which means 'to let one's guard down'.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

526

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Renew, Grow late

Reading

Parts

曰

Example Word

夜更かし: staying up late. The Japanese verbal noun '夜更かし (よふかし)' refers to the act of staying up late at night, often past one's usual bedtime. It is commonly used to describe staying awake late into the night, whether for work, study, entertainment, or other activities. For example: I stayed up late last night「昨夜は夜更かしをした」(さくやはよふかしをした). Staying up late is bad for your health「夜更かしは健康に悪い」(よふかしはけんこうにわるい). This term carries a nuance of staying awake longer than usual, often implying a lack of sleep or a deviation from a regular sleep schedule.

Radical

曰

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

533

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Marsh, Swamp

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)尺Foot

Example Word

沢山: many. The Japanese adverb '沢山 (たくさん)' means 'many' or 'a lot'. It is used to indicate a large quantity of something, whether it be objects, people, or abstract concepts. It can be used in both positive and neutral contexts. For example: There are many books「本が沢山ある」(ほんがたくさんある). I ate a lot「沢山食べた」(たくさんたべた). Note that '沢山' is often used in casual conversation and can also imply 'enough' or 'plenty' in certain contexts, such as 'That's enough, thank you'「もう沢山です、ありがとう」(もうたくさんです、ありがとう).

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

538

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Cold

Reading

Parts

冫Ice (水)令Orders

Example Word

冷蔵: refrigeration. The Japanese noun '冷蔵 (れいぞう)' refers to the process or state of refrigeration. It is commonly used in contexts related to food preservation, such as storing items in a refrigerator. For example: I put the vegetables in the refrigerator「野菜を冷蔵した」(やさいをれいぞうした). The meat needs refrigeration「肉は冷蔵が必要だ」(にくはれいぞうがひつようだ). This term is often seen in compound words like '冷蔵庫 (れいぞうこ)', which means 'refrigerator'.

Radical

冫

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

544

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hometown

Reading

Parts

田Rice field 土Soil

Example Word

里: village. The Japanese noun '里 (さと)' refers to a 'village' or a rural area, often contrasting with urban areas. It carries a sense of nostalgia and simplicity, evoking images of traditional Japanese countryside life. This word is commonly used in literature and poetry to depict idyllic rural settings. For example: I returned to my hometown village「私は里に帰りました」(わたしはさとかえりました). The village is surrounded by mountains「里は山に囲まれている」(さとはやまにかこまれている). Additionally, '里' can sometimes refer to a foster home or a place where someone is raised, as in '里親 (さとおや)' (foster parent).

Radical

里

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

556

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Request, Seek

Reading

Parts

水Water

Example Word

欲求: demand or desire. The Japanese verbal noun '欲求 (よっきゅう)' primarily means 'desire' or 'demand'. It refers to a strong feeling of wanting something or needing something. This word is often used in psychological or formal contexts to describe innate or instinctual desires, such as basic human needs. For example: His desire for success is strong「彼の成功への欲求は強い」(かれのせいこうへのよっきゅうはつよい). The demand for the product increased「その製品への欲求が高まった」(そのせいひんへのよっきゅうがたかまった). Note that while 'desire' is more emotional or personal, 'demand' can imply a more practical or market-driven need.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

562

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Announce

Reading

Parts

⺧Cow 口Mouth

Example Word

広告: advertisement. The Japanese verbal noun '広告 (こうこく)' means 'advertisement'. It refers to a notice or announcement promoting a product, service, or event. This word is commonly used in contexts related to marketing, media, and business. For example: I saw an advertisement on TV「テレビで広告を見た」(テレビでこうこくをみた). The company placed an advertisement in the newspaper「会社は新聞に広告を出した」(かいしゃはしんぶんにこうこくをだした). '広告' can also be used in compound words like '広告費 (こうこくひ)' (advertising expenses) or '広告代理店 (こうこくだいりてん)' (advertising agency).

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

564

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Intention

Reading

Parts

心Heart 士Samurai

Example Word

志向: orientation. The Japanese noun '志向 (しこう)' refers to a person's orientation, inclination, or tendency towards a particular goal, direction, or way of thinking. It is often used in contexts related to psychology, education, or personal development to describe someone's focus or aspirations. For example: His orientation is towards art「彼の志向は芸術に向かっている」(かれのしこうはげいじゅつにむかっている). The company's orientation is innovation「その会社の志向は革新だ」(そのかいしゃのしこうはかくしんだ). This word can also imply a deliberate or conscious choice in pursuing a specific path or ideal.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

568

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Map

Reading

Parts

囗Box 斗Ladle, Dipper

Example Word

図書: books. The Japanese noun '図書 (としょ)' refers to 'books'. It is a formal term often used in contexts like libraries or official documents. For example: The library has many books「図書館には図書がたくさんある」(としょかんにはとしょがたくさんある). Please return the books to the library「図書を図書館に返してください」(としょをとしょかんにかえしてください). This term is more formal than the everyday word '本 (ほん)', which also means 'books'.

Radical

囗

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

576

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Research

Reading

Parts

穴Hole 九Nine

Example Word

究極: ultimate. The Japanese noun '究極 (きゅうきょく)' means 'ultimate'. It refers to the highest or final stage of something, often implying the most extreme or perfect form. This word is commonly used in contexts like philosophy, goals, or products to denote the pinnacle or end result. For example: the ultimate goal「究極の目標」(きゅうきょくのもくひょう). This is the ultimate solution「これは究極の解決策です」(これはきゅうきょくのかいけつさくです). It can also carry a nuance of being the final or most advanced stage in a process or development.

Radical

穴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

579

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Labor

Reading

Parts

⺍Small 冖Crown 力Power

Example Word

労働: work. The Japanese verbal noun '労働 (ろうどう)' refers to 'work' or 'labor', specifically in the context of physical or mental effort exerted to achieve a purpose, often in a professional or industrial setting. It is commonly used in discussions about employment, labor rights, or economic activities. For example: He works hard every day「彼は毎日労働する」(かれはまいにちろうどうする). Labor conditions are improving「労働条件が改善されている」(ろうどうじょうけんがいぜんされている). The word can also appear in compounds like '労働者 (ろうどうしゃ)' (worker) or '労働時間 (ろうどうじかん)' (working hours).

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

587

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Reform

Reading

Parts

己Oneself 攵Strike

Example Word

改札: ticket gate. The Japanese verbal noun '改札 (かいさつ)' refers to the process of checking and validating tickets at a ticket gate, typically at train stations. It is often used to describe the area where tickets are checked, as well as the act of passing through such a gate. For example: Please go through the ticket gate「改札を通ってください」(かいさつをとおってください). The ticket gate is crowded「改札が混雑している」(かいさつがこんざつしている). This term is essential for navigating public transportation in Japan, as it is a common part of the travel process.

Radical

攴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

588

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Doctor

Reading

Parts

矢Arrow 匸Side enclosure

Example Word

医師: doctor. The Japanese noun '医師 (いし)' refers to a medical doctor, specifically someone who is licensed to practice medicine. This term is formal and is often used in professional or official contexts. It is distinct from more casual terms like 'お医者さん (おいしゃさん)', which is also used to refer to a doctor but in a more conversational or friendly tone. Example sentences: The doctor examined the patient「医師は患者を診察した」(いしはかんじゃをしんさつした). She became a doctor「彼女は医師になった」(かのじょはいしになった). Note that '医師' is typically used in written or formal speech, while 'お医者さん' is more common in everyday conversation.

Radical

匸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

601

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Answer, Respond

Reading

Parts

广Dotted cliff 心Heart

Example Word

適応: adaptation. The Japanese verbal noun '適応 (てきおう)' refers to the process of adapting or adjusting to new conditions, environments, or situations. It is commonly used in contexts where individuals, organisms, or systems change to better fit or survive in their surroundings. For example: The animal's adaptation to the cold climate was remarkable「その動物の寒い気候への適応は素晴らしかった」(そのどうぶつのさむいきこうへのてきおうはすばらしかった). He quickly adapted to the new work environment「彼は新しい職場環境にすぐに適応した」(かれはあたらしいしょくばかんきょうにすぐにてきおうした). This term is often used in both biological and social contexts, emphasizing the ability to adjust effectively.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

606

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Pleasant

Reading

Parts

忄 夬Decide

Example Word

愉快: pleasant. The Japanese adjectival noun '愉快 (ゆかい)' means 'pleasant' or 'delightful'. It is used to describe something that brings joy, amusement, or a sense of enjoyment. This word often conveys a lighthearted or cheerful feeling and is commonly used in contexts involving entertainment, social interactions, or experiences. For example: The party was very pleasant「パーティーはとても愉快だった」(ぱーてぃーはとてもゆかいだった). His jokes are always pleasant「彼のジョークはいつも愉快だ」(かれのじょーくはいつもゆかいだ). Note that '愉快' can also imply a sense of amusement or fun, but its core meaning remains tied to something that is enjoyable or pleasing.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

607

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

End, Tail

Reading

Parts

尸Corpse 毛Fur

Example Word

尾: tail. The Japanese noun '尾 (お)' means 'tail'. This word is used to refer to the tail of an animal, such as a cat, dog, or bird. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the end or trailing part of something. For example: the cat's tail is long「猫の尾は長い」(ねこのおはながい). The comet has a bright tail「彗星は明るい尾を持っている」(すいせいはあかるいおをもっている). In some contexts, it can also refer to the tail end of a story or event, though this usage is less common.

Radical

尸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

609

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Throw

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)殳Pike

Example Word

投げる: throw. The Japanese verb '投げる (なげる)' means 'to throw'. It is used to describe the action of propelling something through the air with force, typically using the hands. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as throwing a ball, discarding something, or even metaphorically, like giving up on something. For example: he throws the ball「彼はボールを投げる」(かれはボールをなげる). I threw away the old magazine「古い雑誌を投げた」(ふるいざっしをなげた). In a more abstract sense, it can also mean to abandon or give up, as in 'he gave up on the project'「彼はプロジェクトを投げた」(かれはプロジェクトをなげた).

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

617

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Assist, Help

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)左Left

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

620

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bed, Floor

Reading

Parts

广Dotted cliff 木Tree, Wood

Example Word

臨床: clinical. The Japanese noun '臨床 (りんしょう)' refers to the practical application of medical knowledge, particularly in a clinical setting. It is often used in contexts related to medicine, healthcare, and research. For example: clinical research「臨床研究」(りんしょうけんきゅう). He works in clinical medicine「彼は臨床医学に従事している」(かれはりんしょういがくにじゅうじしている). The term emphasizes the direct observation and treatment of patients, as opposed to theoretical or laboratory-based work.

Radical

广

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

638

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Boy, Sonny

Reading

Parts

土Soil 方Direction

Example Word

坊さん: monk. The Japanese noun '坊さん (ぼうさん)' refers to a Buddhist monk. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation to address or refer to a monk in a respectful yet informal manner. It is often used by laypeople when speaking about or to a monk. For example: The monk is kind「坊さんは優しい」(ぼうさんはやさしい). I saw the monk at the temple「お寺で坊さんを見た」(おてらでぼうさんをみた). The term carries a sense of familiarity and respect, and it is widely understood in Japanese culture.

Radical

土

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

656

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Return

Reading

Parts

户 大Big

Example Word

戻す: return. The Japanese verb '戻す (もどす)' means 'to return' or 'to put something back'. It is used when referring to the act of returning something to its original place or state. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as returning a borrowed item, reverting a situation, or restoring something to its previous condition. For example: Please return the book to the shelf「本を棚に戻してください」(ほんをたなにもどしてください). I returned the money to him「彼にお金を戻した」(かれにおかねをもどした). It's important to note that '戻す' is often used in situations where the action involves physically or metaphorically bringing something back to where it was before.

Radical

戶

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

668

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Disorder, Riot

Reading

Parts

舌Tongue 乚

Example Word

乱す: disrupt. The Japanese verb '乱す (みだす)' means 'to disrupt' or 'to disturb'. It is used to describe the act of causing disorder, confusion, or disruption to something that was previously orderly or organized. This verb can be applied to physical arrangements, plans, emotions, or states of being. For example: The wind disrupted the papers「風が書類を乱した」(かぜがしょるいをみだした). Her words disrupted his peace of mind「彼女の言葉が彼の心の平和を乱した」(かのじょのことばがかれのこころのへいわをみだした). The verb often carries a nuance of negatively affecting something that was stable or harmonious.

Radical

乛

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

677

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Stretch

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)申Report

Example Word

伸びる: stretch or grow. The Japanese verb '伸びる (のびる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to stretch', which refers to the physical act of extending something, such as a rubber band or one's body. For example: the rubber band stretched「ゴムが伸びた」(ゴムがのびた). The second meaning is 'to grow', which can refer to physical growth, such as a plant or a child, or abstract growth, such as skills or profits. For example: the plant grew「植物が伸びた」(しょくぶつがのびた). This verb is often used in contexts where something extends or increases over time. Note that the nuance of 'stretch' is more about physical extension, while 'grow' implies development or increase.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

680

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Instant, Immediate

Reading

Parts

艮Stopping 卩Seal

Example Word

即ち: namely. The Japanese conjunction '即ち (すなわち)' means 'namely' or 'in other words'. It is used to clarify or restate something that has been mentioned previously, often to provide a more precise or detailed explanation. This word is commonly used in both written and formal spoken Japanese. For example: He is my best friend, namely, my brother「彼は私の親友、即ち、私の兄です」(かれはわたしのしんゆう、すなわち、わたしのあにです). The solution is simple, namely, to work harder「解決策は簡単だ、即ち、もっと頑張ることだ」(かいけつさくはかんたんだ、すなわち、もっとがんばることだ).

Radical

卩

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

701

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Surround

Reading

Parts

井Well 口Mouth

Example Word

囲む: surround. The Japanese verb '囲む (かこむ)' means 'to surround'. It is used to describe the action of encircling or enclosing something or someone. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as physically surrounding an object, or metaphorically surrounding a topic or idea. For example: The children surrounded the teacher「子供たちは先生を囲んだ」(こどもたちはせんせいをかこんだ). The garden is surrounded by a fence「庭は柵で囲まれている」(にわはさくでかこまれている). The verb can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as surrounding a problem or issue with attention or discussion.

Radical

囗

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

711

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Crazy, Lunatic

Reading

Parts

犬Dog 王King

Example Word

狂う: crazy or broken. The Japanese verb '狂う (くるう)' can have two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'crazy', referring to a state of mental instability or irrational behavior. For example: he went crazy「彼は狂った」(かれはくるった). The second meaning is 'broken', referring to something that is out of order or not functioning correctly. For example: the clock is broken「時計が狂っている」(とけいがくるっている). The context in which this verb is used will determine which meaning is intended. It's important to note that '狂う' can also be used metaphorically to describe situations or plans that have gone awry.

Radical

犬

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

715

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Clause

Reading

Parts

攵Strike 木Tree, Wood

Example Word

条項: clause or article. The Japanese noun '条項 (じょうこう)' refers to a specific clause or article within a document, contract, law, or agreement. It is commonly used in legal or formal contexts to denote a distinct provision or stipulation. For example: Please review clause 5 of the contract「契約の第5条項を確認してください」(けいやくのだいごじょうこうをかくにんしてください). This article is important「この条項は重要です」(このじょうこうはじゅうようです). The word is often used in discussions about legal documents, treaties, or regulations, where precision and clarity are essential.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

720

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bundle, Bind

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 口Mouth

Example Word

約束: promise. The Japanese verbal noun '約束 (やくそく)' means 'promise'. It refers to a commitment or assurance that one will do something or that a particular thing will happen. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to indicate a pledge or agreement between people. For example: I made a promise to my friend「友達と約束をした」(ともだちとやくそくをした). He broke his promise「彼は約束を破った」(かれはやくそくをやぶった). It can also be used in phrases like '約束を守る (やくそくをまもる)' (to keep a promise) or '約束を果たす (やくそくをはたす)' (to fulfill a promise).

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

729

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bureau

Reading

Parts

尸Corpse 句Phrase, Paragraph

Example Word

薬局: pharmacy. The Japanese noun '薬局 (やっきょく)' refers to a 'pharmacy' or 'drugstore', a place where medicines are dispensed and sold. It is commonly used to describe a store or facility where you can purchase prescription and over-the-counter medications, as well as health-related products. For example: I bought medicine at the pharmacy「薬局で薬を買いました」(やっきょくでくすりをかいました). The pharmacy is closed today「薬局は今日閉まっています」(やっきょくはきょうしまっています). In Japan, 薬局 often also provides consultation services related to medications.

Radical

尸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

734

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Low

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)氐

Example Word

低下: decline. The Japanese verbal noun '低下 (ていか)' means 'decline' or 'decrease'. It is used to describe a reduction or drop in quality, quantity, level, or status. This term is often used in formal or technical contexts, such as economics, health, or performance. For example: a decline in academic performance「学力の低下」(がくりょくのていか). The decrease in temperature「気温の低下」(きおんのていか). It can also be used to describe a decline in physical or mental condition, such as '体力の低下 (たいりょくのていか) (decline in physical strength)'. Note that '低下' is often paired with nouns using the particle 'の' to indicate what is declining.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

739

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Excel, Excellent

Reading

Parts

禾Cereal 乃

Example Word

優秀: excellent. The Japanese adjectival noun '優秀 (ゆうしゅう)' means 'excellent' and is used to describe someone or something that is outstanding, superior, or of high quality. It is often used to praise people, such as students, employees, or professionals, for their exceptional abilities or achievements. For example: He is an excellent student「彼は優秀な学生です」(かれはゆうしゅうながくせいです). This is an excellent product「これは優秀な製品です」(これはゆうしゅうなせいひんです). The term carries a formal tone and is commonly used in academic, professional, or evaluative contexts.

Radical

禾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

746

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Child

Reading

Parts

儿Legs 旧Old, Past

Example Word

育児: childcare. The Japanese noun '育児 (いくじ)' refers to the act of raising or caring for children. It encompasses all activities related to the upbringing of a child, including feeding, education, and emotional support. This term is often used in contexts discussing parenting, family life, and social services. For example: She is busy with childcare「彼女は育児で忙しい」(かのじょはいくじでいそがしい). Childcare is challenging but rewarding「育児は大変だがやりがいがある」(いくじはたいへんだがやりがいがある).

Radical

儿

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

750

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Slope

Reading

Parts

土Soil 反Anti

Example Word

坂: slope. The Japanese noun '坂 (さか)' means 'slope' or 'hill'. It refers to an inclined surface, such as a road or path that goes up or down. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and place names. For example: The slope is steep「坂が急です」(さかがきゅうです). Let's walk up the hill「坂を登りましょう」(さかをのぼりましょう). The nuance of this word is neutral and can refer to both gentle and steep slopes. It is often used in contexts related to travel, hiking, or describing terrain.

Radical

土

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

761

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sink

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)冘

Example Word

沈黙: silence. The Japanese noun '沈黙 (ちんもく)' means 'silence'. It refers to the absence of speech or sound, often implying a deliberate or meaningful quietness. This word can be used in various contexts, such as during a moment of reflection, in a tense situation, or to describe someone who is not speaking. For example: The silence was unbearable「沈黙が耐えられなかった」(ちんもくがたえられなかった). He broke the silence with his voice「彼は声で沈黙を破った」(かれはこえでちんもくをやぶった). '沈黙' can also carry a deeper connotation, such as in the phrase '沈黙は金' (ちんもくはきん), which translates to 'silence is golden', emphasizing the value of staying quiet in certain situations.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

792

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Give, Wu China

Reading

Example Word

呉れる: give. The Japanese verb '呉れる (くれる)' means 'to give' and is used when someone gives something to the speaker or someone close to the speaker. It implies a sense of favor or kindness from the giver's side. This verb is often used in casual speech and is conjugated differently from other verbs. For example: He gave me a book「彼は私に本をくれた」(かれはわたしにほんをくれた). My friend gave me a ride「友達が車で送ってくれた」(ともだちがくるまでおくってくれた). Note that 'くれる' is used when the action benefits the speaker or someone in the speaker's in-group, and it is often accompanied by a sense of gratitude.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

800

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Complete

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 元Origin

Example Word

完璧: perfection. The Japanese noun '完璧 (かんぺき)' means 'perfection'. It is used to describe something that is flawless, complete, or without any defects. This word is often used to emphasize the high quality or ideal state of something. For example: Her performance was perfect「彼女のパフォーマンスは完璧だった」(かのじょのパフォーマンスはかんぺきだった). This plan is flawless「このプランは完璧だ」(このプランはかんぺきだ). The word can also be used sarcastically or ironically to imply that something is too perfect or unrealistic. It is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

843

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Negate

Reading

Parts

不Not 口Mouth

Example Word

否定: denial. The Japanese verbal noun '否定 (ひてい)' means 'denial' or 'negation'. It is used to express the act of denying or negating something, such as a statement, fact, or claim. This word is often used in formal or logical contexts. For example: he denied the accusation「彼はその非難を否定した」(かれはそのひなんをひていした). The theory was negated by new evidence「その理論は新しい証拠によって否定された」(そのりろんはあたらしいしょうこによってひていされた). It can also be used in phrases like '自己否定 (じこひてい)' (self-denial) or '否定形 (ひていけい)' (negative form in grammar).

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

846

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Endure, Stealth

Reading

Parts

刃Blade 心Heart

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

856

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Skill

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)支Branch, Support

Example Word

競技: competition. The Japanese verbal noun '競技 (きょうぎ)' refers to a 'competition' or 'contest', typically in the context of sports, games, or other structured activities where participants compete against each other. It is often used to describe organized events such as athletic competitions, tournaments, or matches. For example: The swimming competition was exciting「水泳の競技は興奮した」(すいえいのきょうぎはこうふんした). They participated in a chess competition「彼らはチェスの競技に参加した」(かれらはチェスのきょうぎにさんかした). The word can also be used more broadly to describe any kind of competitive activity, not limited to physical sports.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

860

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Servant, Retainer

Reading

Example Word

総理大臣: Prime Minister. The Japanese noun '総理大臣 (そうりだいじん)' means 'Prime Minister.' This term refers to the head of government in Japan, who is responsible for leading the cabinet and implementing national policies. The Prime Minister is appointed by the Emperor after being designated by the National Diet. Example usage: The meeting was attended by the Prime Minister 「その会議には総理大臣が出席した」 (そのかいぎにはそうりだいじんがしゅっせきした). The Prime Minister announced new policies 「総理大臣が新しい政策を発表した」 (そうりだいじんがあたらしいせいさくをはっぴょうした).

Radical

臣

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

864

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Welcome

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 卬

Example Word

歓迎: welcome. The Japanese verbal noun '歓迎 (かんげい)' means 'welcome'. It is used to express a warm reception or acceptance of someone or something. This term is often used in formal or polite contexts, such as welcoming guests, new members, or ideas. For example: We welcome your opinion「あなたの意見を歓迎します」(あなたのいけんをかんげいします). The new employee was warmly welcomed「新しい従業員は温かく歓迎されました」(あたらしいじゅうぎょういんはあたたかくかんげいされました). It can also be used in phrases like '歓迎会 (かんげいかい)', which means 'welcome party'.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

870

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Chief, Older sibling of parent

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)白White

Example Word

伯父: uncle. The Japanese noun '伯父 (おじ)' refers to an uncle, specifically one's father's older brother. It is used to denote a familial relationship and is part of the Japanese kinship terminology. The term is distinct from '叔父 (おじ)', which refers to one's father's younger brother. Example sentences include: My uncle is coming over「伯父が来ます」(おじがきます). I visited my uncle's house「伯父の家を訪ねました」(おじのいえをたずねました). The term is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to refer to this specific family member.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

883

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Accompany, Companion

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)半Half

Example Word

伴う: accompany. The Japanese verb '伴う (ともなう)' primarily means 'to accompany' or 'to go along with'. It is often used to describe situations where one thing naturally follows or is associated with another. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: success often accompanies hard work「成功はしばしば努力を伴う」(せいこうはしばしばどりょくをともなう). The storm was accompanied by strong winds「嵐は強い風を伴っていた」(あらしはつよいかぜをともなっていた). It's important to note that '伴う' can also imply a sense of inevitability or necessity in the relationship between the two things being described.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

945

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Criticize

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)比Compare, Ratio

Example Word

批判: criticism. The Japanese verbal noun '批判 (ひはん)' means 'criticism'. It refers to the act of analyzing and evaluating something, often pointing out its faults or shortcomings. This word is commonly used in contexts such as social commentary, reviews, or discussions where judgment or evaluation is involved. For example: His criticism was harsh「彼の批判は厳しかった」(かれのひはんはきびしかった). The media criticized the government「メディアは政府を批判した」(メディアはせいふをひはんした). Note that '批判' can carry a negative connotation, implying disapproval or fault-finding, but it can also be used neutrally in analytical contexts.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

968

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Steam

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)气Air

Example Word

汽車: steam train. The Japanese noun '汽車 (きしゃ)' refers to a 'steam train'. This word is often used to describe old-fashioned trains powered by steam engines, which were common in Japan during the early to mid-20th century. It evokes a sense of nostalgia and is frequently used in literature, songs, and historical contexts. For example: The steam train is coming「汽車が来る」(きしゃがくる). I saw a steam train at the museum「博物館で汽車を見た」(はくぶつかんできしゃをみた). Note that while modern trains are referred to as '電車 (でんしゃ)', '汽車' specifically refers to steam-powered trains.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

979

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Instead, Eliminate

Reading

Parts

去Past 卩Seal

Example Word

却って: contrarily. The Japanese adverb '却って (かえって)' means 'contrarily' or 'on the contrary'. It is used to indicate that the result of an action or situation is the opposite of what was expected. This word often carries a nuance of surprise or irony. For example: I thought it would help, but it made things worse「助かると思ったが、却って悪くなった」(たすかるおもったが、かえってわるくなった). The medicine didn't make me feel better; on the contrary, it made me feel worse「薬を飲んだが、却って気分が悪くなった」(くすりをのんだが、かえってきぶんがわるくなった). This adverb is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese to express unexpected outcomes.

Radical

卩

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

995

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bath

Reading

Parts

口Mouth

Example Word

風呂: bath. The Japanese noun '風呂 (ふろ)' refers to a bath, specifically a traditional Japanese bath. This term is commonly used to describe the bathing area or the act of bathing itself. In Japanese culture, taking a bath is often a relaxing and cleansing ritual, and '風呂' can refer to both the bathtub and the entire bathroom area. For example: I will take a bath「風呂に入ります」(ふろにはいります). The bath is ready「風呂が沸きました」(ふろがわきました). It's important to note that '風呂' is often used in the context of a traditional Japanese bathhouse or '銭湯 (せんとう)', where people go to bathe communally.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

998

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Cedar, Cryptomeria

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 彡Fur

Example Word

杉: cedar. The Japanese noun '杉 (すぎ)' refers to the cedar tree, specifically the Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica). This tree is native to Japan and is commonly found in forests, temples, and shrines. It is known for its tall, straight trunk and aromatic wood, which is often used in construction and for making furniture. Example sentences: The cedar tree is tall「杉の木は高い」(すぎのきはたかい). The temple is surrounded by cedar trees「その寺は杉に囲まれている」(そのてらはすぎにかこまれている).

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1021

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hard, Spicy

Reading

Parts

立Stand 十Ten

Example Word

辛い: painful. The Japanese adjective '辛い (つらい)' primarily means 'painful' or 'difficult'. It is often used to describe emotional or physical pain, as well as challenging situations. For example: it was a painful experience「それは辛い経験だった」(それはつらいけいけんだった). This work is difficult「この仕事は辛い」(このしごとはつらい). The word can also imply a sense of hardship or suffering, making it versatile in expressing both literal and metaphorical struggles. Note that '辛い' can also be read as 'からい' when referring to something being 'spicy', but in this context, we are focusing on the reading 'つらい'.

Radical

辛

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1052

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Toil

Reading

Parts

奴Servant, Dude 力Power

Example Word

努力: effort. The Japanese verbal noun '努力 (どりょく)' means 'effort'. It refers to the act of striving or working hard towards a goal. This word is often used in contexts where perseverance and dedication are emphasized. For example: He made an effort to learn Japanese「彼は日本語を学ぶために努力した」(かれはにほんごをまなぶためにどりょくした). Without effort, success is impossible「努力なしでは成功は不可能だ」(どりょくなしではせいこうはふかのうだ). The word can also be used in phrases like '努力家 (どりょくか)', which means 'hard worker' or 'diligent person'.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1066

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Materials, Timber

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 才Talent, Age

Example Word

材料: material or ingredient. The Japanese noun '材料 (ざいりょう)' can mean either 'ingredient' or 'material', depending on the context. When referring to cooking or recipes, it typically means 'ingredient'. For example: the ingredients for this dish are fresh「この料理の材料は新鮮です」(このりょうりのざいりょうはしんせんです). In a broader sense, it can also refer to 'material' used in construction, manufacturing, or other processes. For example: we need more materials to build the house「家を建てるためにもっと材料が必要です」(いえをたてるためにもっとざいりょうがひつようです). The word is versatile and context-dependent, so pay attention to how it is used in sentences.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1075

Handwriting