Jōyō KanjiOrganized by Stroke Count

kanji

Meaning

See

Reading

Parts

目Eye 儿Legs

Example Word

見る: see. The Japanese verb '見る (みる)' means 'to see' or 'to look at'. It is used to describe the act of visually perceiving something or observing something intentionally. This verb is very common and can be used in various contexts, such as watching TV, looking at scenery, or observing someone's actions. For example: I see a bird「鳥を見る」(とりをみる). She watches TV every night「彼女は毎晩テレビを見る」(かのじょはまいばんテレビをみる). Additionally, '見る' can also imply examining or checking something, as in 'I will check the document'「書類を見る」(しょるいをみる). It is important to note that '見る' is often used with the particle 'を' to indicate the object being seen or looked at.

Radical

見

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

3

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Come

Reading

Parts

米Rice 一One

Example Word

来る: come. The Japanese verb '来る (くる)' means 'to come'. It is used to indicate movement towards the speaker or the location of the speaker. This verb is highly versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as inviting someone, indicating arrival, or expressing future events. For example: Please come to my house「私の家に来てください」(わたしのいえにきてください). He will come tomorrow「彼は明日来ます」(かれはあしたきます). The verb '来る' is irregular and conjugates differently from other verbs, so it's important to pay attention to its forms in different tenses and politeness levels.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

5

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

What

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)可Possible

Example Word

何: what. The Japanese pronoun '何 (なに)' means 'what'. It is used to ask questions about things, objects, or abstract concepts. It is a versatile word that can be used in various contexts, such as asking for information, clarification, or identification. For example: What is this?「これは何？」(これはなに？). What are you doing?「何をしているの？」(なにをしているの？). It can also be used in expressions like '何でも (なにでも)' meaning 'anything' or 'whatever'. Note that '何' can also be read as 'なん' in certain contexts, such as when followed by certain particles or in specific phrases, but the meaning remains the same.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

13

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Private, Me

Reading

Parts

禾Cereal 厶Private

Example Word

私: I. The Japanese pronoun '私 (わたし)' is a common way to refer to oneself, equivalent to 'I' in English. It is gender-neutral and widely used in both formal and informal contexts. However, it is more commonly used by women in casual settings, as men might opt for alternatives like '僕 (ぼく)' or '俺 (おれ)' depending on the situation. Example sentences: I am a student「私は学生です」(わたしはがくせいです). I like apples「私はりんごが好きです」(わたしはりんごがすきです). In formal settings, '私' is universally appropriate regardless of gender.

Radical

禾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

15

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Say

Reading

Parts

二Two 口Mouth 亠Lid

Example Word

言う: say. The Japanese verb '言う (いう)' means 'to say' or 'to tell'. It is used to express speaking or conveying information. This verb is highly versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as quoting someone, expressing thoughts, or giving instructions. For example: He said he will come「彼は来ると言った」(かれはくるといった). What did you say?「何と言いましたか？」(なんといいましたか？). It can also be used in idiomatic expressions, such as 'そう言う (そういう)' meaning 'that kind of' or 'such'. Note that '言う' is often used in its polite form '言います (いいます)' in formal situations.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

25

Radical Form

訁

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Body, Self

Reading

Parts

自Self 丿Katakana no 亅Barb

Example Word

身: body. The Japanese noun '身 (み)' primarily means 'body'. It refers to the physical form of a person or animal. However, it can also be used metaphorically to refer to one's self or one's life. For example: protect your body「身を守りなさい」(みをまもりなさい). He risked his life「彼は身を危険にさらした」(かれはみをきけんにさらした). Additionally, '身' can sometimes refer to the flesh of fruits or the edible part of something, as in 'the flesh of the fruit is sweet「果物の身は甘い」(くだもののみはあまい)'. This word is versatile and context-dependent, so its meaning can shift slightly based on usage.

Radical

身

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

64

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ruler, You

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 尹Official rank

Example Word

君: you. The Japanese pronoun '君 (きみ)' is an informal way to say 'you'. It is typically used by males and can carry a sense of familiarity or intimacy, often used among friends, peers, or when addressing someone of lower status. However, it can also sound condescending if used inappropriately, so caution is advised. Example sentences: You are kind「君は優しい」(きみはやさしい). I like you「君が好きだ」(きみがすきだ). Note that '君' is less formal than 'あなた' and is rarely used in polite or professional settings.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

75

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Man

Reading

Parts

田Rice field 力Power

Example Word

男: man. The Japanese noun '男 (おとこ)' means 'man'. It refers to an adult human male. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can be used to describe someone's gender, role, or identity. For example: that man is tall「あの男は背が高い」(あのおとこはせがたかい). He is a strong man「彼は強い男だ」(かれはつよいおとこだ). The word can also be used in compound words, such as '男の子 (おとこのこ)' (boy) or '男らしい (おとこらしい)' (manly).

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

86

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Make

Reading

Parts

𠂉Person (人)二Two 丨Stick 亻Person (人)

Example Word

作る: make or create. The Japanese verb '作る (つくる)' primarily means 'to make' or 'to create'. It is used to describe the act of producing, constructing, or forming something. This verb can be applied to a wide range of contexts, such as making food, creating art, or building objects. For example: I made dinner「夕食を作った」(ゆうしょくをつくった). She created a beautiful painting「彼女は美しい絵を作った」(かのじょはうつくしいえをつくった). The nuance of '作る' often implies a deliberate and thoughtful process of creation, whether it's something tangible or abstract.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

96

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Voice

Reading

Parts

丨Stick 尸Corpse 士Samurai

Example Word

声: voice. The Japanese noun '声 (こえ)' means 'voice'. It refers to the sound produced by a person or animal when speaking, singing, or making noise. This word is commonly used in various contexts, such as describing someone's voice, expressing emotions through voice, or referring to vocal sounds in general. For example: Her voice is beautiful「彼女の声は美しい」(かのじょのこえはうつくしい). I heard a loud voice「大きな声が聞こえた」(おおきなこえがきこえた). The word can also be used metaphorically to represent opinions or support, as in 'the voice of the people'「人々の声」(ひとびとのこえ).

Radical

士

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

110

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Body

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)本Book, Origin

Example Word

体: body. The Japanese noun '体 (からだ)' means 'body'. It refers to the physical structure of a person or animal, including all its parts. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can be applied in various contexts, such as health, fitness, or describing physical sensations. For example: My body is tired「体が疲れた」(からだがつかれた). Take care of your body「体に気をつけて」(からだにきをつけて). It can also be used metaphorically to describe the main part or structure of something, such as 'the body of a car' (車の体).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

115

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Foot, Sufficient

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 龰Stop (止)

Example Word

足: leg or foot (measure). The Japanese noun '足 (あし)' can mean either 'foot' or 'leg', depending on the context. It refers to the lower limb of the body, from the hip to the toes. When used to mean 'foot', it specifically refers to the part of the limb below the ankle. When used to mean 'leg', it refers to the entire limb. For example: My foot hurts「足が痛い」(あしがいたい). He has long legs「彼は足が長い」(かれはあしがながい). The word is also used in various idiomatic expressions, such as '足が速い (あしがはやい)', which means 'fast runner' or 'quick to spoil' (for food).

Radical

足

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

121

Radical Form

⻊

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Near

Reading

Parts

斤Axe, Catty ⻌Walk

Example Word

近く: nearby. The Japanese adverb '近く (ちかく)' means 'nearby' or 'close by'. It is used to indicate proximity in terms of physical distance. This word can be used to describe the location of places, objects, or people relative to something else. For example: The station is nearby「駅は近くです」(えきはちかくです). There is a convenience store nearby「近くにコンビニがあります」(ちかくにコンビニがあります). It can also be used to indicate that something is close in time, such as '近くに夏休みが来ます (ちかくになつやすみがきます) (Summer vacation is coming soon)'. Note that '近く' can also function as a noun meaning 'vicinity' or 'neighborhood', but as an adverb, it primarily conveys the idea of being nearby.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

122

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Against

Reading

Parts

文Sentence 寸Measurement

Example Word

対する: face or oppose. The Japanese verb '対する (たいする)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to face' or 'to be opposite to', often used in a physical or metaphorical sense. The second meaning is 'to oppose' or 'to confront', indicating a stance against something. This verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as describing physical orientation, emotional confrontation, or opposition in opinions or actions. For example: The house faces the park「その家は公園に対する」(そのいえはこうえんにたいする). He opposed the new policy「彼は新しい政策に対した」(かれはあたらしいせいさくにたいした). It's important to note that '対する' often requires a particle like 'に' to indicate the target of the action.

Radical

寸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

148

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Village

Reading

Parts

寸Measurement 木Tree, Wood

Example Word

村: village. The Japanese noun '村 (むら)' means 'village'. It refers to a small community or settlement, typically in a rural area, smaller than a town or city. This word is often used to describe a place with a close-knit community and a simpler way of life. For example: I live in a small village「私は小さな村に住んでいます」(わたしはちいさなむらにすんでいます). The village is surrounded by mountains「その村は山に囲まれています」(そのむらはやまにかこまれています). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a group of people with shared characteristics, such as 'the village of artists' (芸術家の村, げいじゅつかのむら).

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

180

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Separate

Reading

Parts

刂Sword (刀)叧

Example Word

別: different. The Japanese adjectival noun '別 (べつ)' primarily means 'different' or 'separate'. It is used to indicate that something is distinct or not the same as another thing. It can also imply a sense of division or separation. For example: That's a different matter「それは別の問題だ」(それはべつのもんだいだ). Let's consider it separately「別に考えましょう」(べつにかんがえましょう). In some contexts, '別' can also imply 'another' or 'additional', as in '別の日 (べつのひ) (another day)'. It's important to note that '別' is often used in formal or written contexts, and it can be combined with other words to form compound nouns, such as '別荘 (べっそう) (vacation home)'.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

181

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Self, Ego

Reading

Parts

手Hand 戈

Example Word

我々: we. The Japanese pronoun '我々 (われわれ)' means 'we'. It is a formal and somewhat literary way to refer to a group that includes the speaker. It is often used in speeches, formal writing, or when emphasizing a collective identity. For example: We must work together「我々は共に働かなければならない」(われわれはともにはたらかなければならない). We are responsible「我々は責任がある」(われわれはせきにんがある). Note that '我々' is less commonly used in casual conversation, where '私たち (わたしたち)' is more typical.

Radical

戈

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

182

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Car

Reading

Parts

申Report 二Two

Example Word

車: car. The Japanese noun '車 (くるま)' primarily means 'car'. It refers to a motor vehicle with four wheels, typically powered by an internal combustion engine or an electric motor, used for transportation. This word can also refer to vehicles in a broader sense, including trains or carts, depending on the context. Example sentences: I bought a new car「新しい車を買いました」(あたらしいくるまをかいました). The car is fast「その車は速いです」(そのくるまははやいです). Note that while '車' can sometimes refer to other wheeled vehicles, its most common and primary meaning is 'car'.

Radical

車

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

190

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Flower

Reading

Parts

化Change 艹Grass

Example Word

花: flower. The Japanese noun '花 (はな)' means 'flower'. It refers to the bloom or blossom of a plant, often associated with beauty, nature, and seasons. This word is commonly used in contexts related to gardens, festivals, or metaphors for life and transience. For example: The cherry blossoms are beautiful「桜の花がきれいです」(さくらのはながきれいです). I bought flowers for my mother「母に花を買いました」(ははにはなをかいました). '花' is also used in idiomatic expressions and compound words, such as '花見 (はなみ)' (flower viewing) or '花火 (はなび)' (fireworks).

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

195

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Return

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 反Anti

Example Word

繰り返す: repeat. The Japanese verb '繰り返す (くりかえす)' means 'to repeat'. It is used to describe the action of doing something again or multiple times. This verb can be applied to various contexts, such as repeating a task, a phrase, or an event. For example: Please repeat after me「私の後について繰り返してください」(わたしのあとについてくりかえしてください). History repeats itself「歴史は繰り返す」(れきしはくりかえす). The verb can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as repeating a mistake or a pattern. It is important to note that '繰り返す' often implies a deliberate or conscious repetition, rather than something happening by chance.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

199

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Help

Reading

Parts

且Moreover, Also 力Power

Example Word

助ける: help. The Japanese verb '助ける (たすける)' means 'to help' or 'to assist'. It is used when someone provides assistance or support to another person, often in a situation where the other person is in trouble or needs aid. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as helping someone physically, emotionally, or financially. For example: I helped my friend「友達を助けた」(ともだちをたすけた). She helped me with my homework「彼女は私の宿題を助けてくれた」(かのじょはわたしのしゅくだいをたすけてくれた). It can also imply saving someone from danger, as in: The lifeguard helped the drowning child「ライフガードは溺れている子供を助けた」(ライフガードはおぼれているこどもをたすけた). Note that '助ける' is often used in situations where the help is significant or impactful.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

200

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Shape

Reading

Parts

彡Fur 开Open

Example Word

形: shape. The Japanese noun '形 (かたち)' primarily means 'shape'. It refers to the physical form or outline of an object. This word is often used to describe the appearance or structure of something, whether it's a tangible object or an abstract concept. For example: The shape of the mountain is beautiful「山の形が美しい」(やまのかたちがうつくしい). I want to preserve the shape of this tradition「この伝統の形を守りたい」(このでんとうのかたちをまもりたい). Additionally, '形' can sometimes imply the 'form' or 'state' of something, such as in the phrase '形になる' (かたちになる), which means 'to take shape' or 'to materialize'.

Radical

彡

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

201

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Town

Reading

Parts

田Rice field 丁Street

Example Word

町: town. The Japanese noun '町 (まち)' refers to a 'town' or a smaller urban area, typically larger than a village but smaller than a city. It is commonly used to describe a populated area with a sense of community. For example: I live in a small town「私は小さな町に住んでいます」(わたしはちいさなまちにすんでいます). This town is very quiet「この町はとても静かです」(このまちはとてもしずかです). The word can also refer to a specific district or neighborhood within a larger city, such as 'Ginza is a famous district in Tokyo'「銀座は東京の有名な町です」(ぎんざはとうきょうのゆうめいなまちです).

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

211

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Soldier

Reading

Parts

八Eight 丘Hill

Example Word

兵: soldier. The Japanese noun '兵 (へい)' primarily means 'soldier'. It refers to a person who serves in an army or military force. This term is often used in formal or historical contexts. For example: The soldier fought bravely「兵は勇敢に戦った」(へいはゆうかんにたたかった). Many soldiers were injured「多くの兵が負傷した」(おおくのへいがふしょうした). The word can also appear in compound nouns, such as '兵士 (へいし)' which also means 'soldier', but '兵' alone is more concise and often used in literary or formal settings.

Radical

八

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

218

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Beginning, First

Reading

Parts

刀Sword 衤

Example Word

最初: beginning. The Japanese noun '最初 (さいしょ)' means 'beginning' or 'the first'. It refers to the very start of something, such as an event, process, or period. This word is often used to emphasize the initial stage or point in time. For example: At the beginning, it was difficult「最初は難しかった」(さいしょはむずかしかった). Let's start from the beginning「最初から始めましょう」(さいしょからはじめましょう). It can also be used to describe the first occurrence of something, as in '最初の試み (さいしょのこころみ) (the first attempt)'. Note that '最初' is distinct from '始め (はじめ)', which can also mean 'beginning' but often refers to the start of an action or process rather than a specific point in time.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

226

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Company

Reading

Parts

土Soil 礻Cult (示)

Example Word

社会: society. The Japanese noun '社会 (しゃかい)' refers to 'society' as a whole, encompassing the collective organization of people, communities, and institutions. It is often used in contexts discussing social structures, norms, or issues. For example: Society is changing rapidly「社会は急速に変化している」(しゃかいはきゅうそくにへんかしている). He works for the benefit of society「彼は社会の利益のために働いている」(かれはしゃかいのりえきのためにはたらいている). The term can also refer to specific social groups or communities, such as 'business society' (ビジネス社会) or 'school society' (学校社会).

Radical

示

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

240

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Decide

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)夬Decide

Example Word

決める: decide. The Japanese verb '決める (きめる)' means 'to decide'. It is used when making a choice or settling on a particular course of action. This verb can be applied to a wide range of situations, from everyday decisions to more significant life choices. For example: I decided to go to Japan「日本に行くことを決めた」(にほんにいくことをきめた). She decided on the red dress「彼女は赤いドレスを決めた」(かのじょはあかいドレスをきめた). The verb can also be used in the sense of 'to determine' or 'to set', as in setting a date or determining a rule. It is a versatile verb that is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

253

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Profit, Advantage

Reading

Parts

禾Cereal 刂Sword (刀)

Example Word

利益: profit or benefit. The Japanese noun '利益 (りえき)' can mean either 'profit' or 'benefit', depending on the context. When referring to 'profit', it is often used in business or financial contexts to describe monetary gain. For example: The company made a large profit「その会社は大きな利益を得た」(そのかいしゃはおおきなりえきをえた). When referring to 'benefit', it is used to describe an advantage or positive outcome, often in a more general or non-monetary sense. For example: This policy will bring benefits to society「この政策は社会に利益をもたらす」(このせいさくはしゃかいにりえきをもたらす). The word can be used in both formal and informal settings, but it is more commonly encountered in formal or written contexts.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

262

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Excess

Reading

Parts

朩 亼

Example Word

余り: not much. The Japanese adverb '余り (あまり)' is used to indicate that something is 'not much' or 'not very' in terms of degree or frequency. It is often used in negative sentences to express that something does not happen often or to a great extent. For example: I don't eat sushi much「私は寿司をあまり食べません」(わたしはすしをあまりたべません). He is not very tall「彼はあまり背が高くない」(かれはあまりせがたかくない). It can also be used in positive sentences to mean 'too much' or 'excessively', but this usage is less common and typically requires additional context to clarify the meaning.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

273

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Red

Reading

Parts

八Eight 丿Katakana no 土Soil 亅Barb

Example Word

赤い: red. The Japanese adjective '赤い (あかい)' means 'red'. It is used to describe objects, colors, or anything that has a red hue. This adjective is commonly used in everyday conversation and can describe both physical objects and abstract concepts. For example: the apple is red「そのリンゴは赤い」(そのリンゴはあかい). The sunset is red「夕日が赤い」(ゆうひがあかい). It can also be used metaphorically, such as in '赤い糸 (あかいいと)', which refers to the 'red thread of fate' connecting two people destined to meet. Note that '赤い' is the adjective form, while '赤 (あか)' is the noun form meaning 'red'.

Radical

赤

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

308

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Judge, Stamp

Reading

Parts

刂Sword (刀)半Half

Example Word

批判: criticism. The Japanese verbal noun '批判 (ひはん)' means 'criticism'. It refers to the act of analyzing and evaluating something, often pointing out its faults or shortcomings. This word is commonly used in contexts such as social commentary, reviews, or discussions where judgment or evaluation is involved. For example: His criticism was harsh「彼の批判は厳しかった」(かれのひはんはきびしかった). The media criticized the government「メディアは政府を批判した」(メディアはせいふをひはんした). Note that '批判' can carry a negative connotation, implying disapproval or fault-finding, but it can also be used neutrally in analytical contexts.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

330

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Good

Reading

Parts

艮Stopping 丶Dot

Example Word

良い: good. The Japanese adjective '良い (よい)' means 'good'. It is a versatile word used to describe something that is of high quality, favorable, or desirable. It can be applied to a wide range of contexts, from describing objects and situations to expressing approval or satisfaction. For example: This is a good book「これは良い本です」(これはよいほんです). The weather is good today「今日は天気が良い」(きょうはてんきがよい). Additionally, '良い' can sometimes be used to express permission, as in 'It's good to go'「行っても良い」(いってもよい). Note that '良い' is often pronounced as 'いい' in casual speech, though the meaning remains the same.

Radical

艮

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

334

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Duty

Reading

Parts

彳Stop 殳Pike

Example Word

役: role. The Japanese noun '役 (やく)' primarily means 'role'. It is used to describe a part or function that someone or something has in a particular situation, such as in a play, job, or society. For example: He played the role of a villain「彼は悪役を演じた」(かれはあくやくをえんじた). This word can also refer to a duty or responsibility, as in: It's my role to take care of the children「子供の世話をするのは私の役です」(こどものせわをするのはわたしのやくです). Additionally, '役' can be used in compound words like '役割 (やくわり)' which also means 'role' or 'function'.

Radical

彳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

354

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Rank

Reading

Parts

立Stand 亻Person (人)

Example Word

単位: unit. The Japanese noun '単位 (たんい)' primarily means 'unit'. It is used to refer to a standard measurement, such as in science, mathematics, or everyday contexts. For example: The unit of length is the meter「長さの単位はメートルです」(ながさのたんいはメートルです). Additionally, in educational contexts, it can refer to academic credits: I need three more units to graduate「卒業するにはあと3単位必要です」(そつぎょうするにはあと3たんいひつようです). The word is versatile and widely used in both technical and casual settings.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

366

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Art, Performance

Reading

Parts

云Say 艹Grass

Example Word

芸術: art. The Japanese noun '芸術 (げいじゅつ)' refers to 'art' in a broad sense, encompassing various forms of creative expression such as painting, sculpture, music, literature, and theater. It is often used to describe works that are considered to have aesthetic or cultural value. For example: modern art is fascinating「現代芸術は魅力的だ」(げんだいげいじゅつはみりょくてきだ). She studies art at university「彼女は大学で芸術を勉強している」(かのじょはだいがくでげいじゅつをべんきょうしている). The term can also be used in a more abstract sense to describe the concept of art itself, as in 'the essence of art'「芸術の本質」(げいじゅつのほんしつ).

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

388

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Corner, Angle

Reading

Parts

土Soil 冂Enclosure ⺈Wrap

Example Word

四角い: square. The Japanese adjective '四角い (しかくい)' means 'square'. It is used to describe objects or shapes that have four equal sides and four right angles, resembling a square. This word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is rigid or inflexible in nature. For example: This table is square「このテーブルは四角い」(このテーブルはしかくい). His way of thinking is too square「彼の考え方は四角すぎる」(かれのかんがえかたはしかくすぎる). Note that '四角い' is often used to describe physical shapes, but it can also be applied to abstract concepts to imply a lack of flexibility.

Radical

角

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

389

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Live

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)主Master

Example Word

住む: live. The Japanese verb '住む (すむ)' means 'to live' or 'to reside'. It is used to describe where someone lives or resides, whether it's a city, country, or specific type of dwelling. This verb is commonly used in everyday conversation to talk about one's place of residence. For example: I live in Tokyo「私は東京に住んでいます」(わたしはとうきょうにすんでいます). They live in a big house「彼らは大きな家に住んでいる」(かれらはおおきないえにすんでいる). It can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as 'living in peace'「平和に住む」(へいわにすむ). Note that this verb is often paired with location particles like に (ni) to indicate the place of residence.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

396

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bend, Fold

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)斤Axe, Catty

Example Word

折角: effort. The Japanese adverb '折角 (せっかく)' conveys the idea of something being done with considerable effort, trouble, or difficulty, and often implies that it would be a waste or a shame not to make use of or appreciate the result of that effort. It is commonly used to express the value of taking advantage of an opportunity or to indicate that something was done with a lot of effort, so it should not be wasted. For example: I went to the trouble of making this cake, so please eat it「せっかく作ったケーキだから、食べてください」(せっかくつくったケーキだから、たべてください). Since you've come all this way, you should stay a while「せっかく来たんだから、しばらくいてください」(せっかくきたんだから、しばらくいてください). The nuance of '折角' often carries a sense of regret or disappointment if the effort or opportunity is not utilized.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

416

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

What

Reading

Parts

⻏Mound (阜)

Example Word

旦那: husband. The Japanese noun '旦那 (だんな)' primarily means 'husband'. It is a somewhat formal or traditional term used to refer to one's husband, often implying respect or a certain level of formality. It can also be used to address or refer to a master or boss, particularly in historical or service contexts. For example: my husband is kind「私の旦那は優しい」(わたしのだんなはやさしい). The master of the house is strict「旦那様は厳しい」(だんなさまはきびしい). Note that in modern usage, '旦那' is less common in casual speech, with '夫 (おっと)' or '主人 (しゅじん)' being more frequently used to refer to a husband.

Radical

邑

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

425

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Valley

Reading

Parts

ハKatakana ha 口Mouth 人Person

Example Word

谷: valley. The Japanese noun '谷 (たに)' means 'valley'. It refers to a low area of land between hills or mountains, often with a river or stream running through it. This word is commonly used in geographical contexts or to describe natural landscapes. For example: The valley is beautiful「谷は美しい」(たにはうつくしい). We hiked through the valley「私たちは谷をハイキングした」(わたしたちはたにをハイキングした). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a low point or dip in something, such as in '声の谷 (こえのたに)' (a dip in one's voice).

Radical

谷

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

427

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Run

Reading

Parts

龰Stop (止)土Soil

Example Word

走る: run. The Japanese verb '走る (はしる)' means 'to run'. It is used to describe the action of moving quickly on foot, typically faster than walking. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as running in a race, running away from something, or even metaphorically, like a river running through a valley. For example: I run every morning「私は毎朝走る」(わたしはまいあさはしる). The river runs through the valley「川が谷間を走る」(かわがたにまをはしる). It's important to note that '走る' can also be used in compound verbs, such as '駆け走る (かけはしる)' which means 'to dash' or 'to sprint'.

Radical

走

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

438

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Forget

Reading

Parts

心Heart 亡Death, Deceased

Example Word

忘れる: forget. The Japanese verb '忘れる (わすれる)' means 'to forget'. It is used when someone fails to remember something, whether it be information, an event, or an object. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as forgetting a task, a person, or even one's own belongings. For example: I forgot my wallet「財布を忘れました」(さいふをわすれました). Don't forget to call me「電話するのを忘れないで」(でんわするのをわすれないで). The verb can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as forgetting a feeling or a past experience. It is important to note that '忘れる' is often used with the particle 'を' to indicate the object that is forgotten.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

441

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Exquisite, Marvelous

Reading

Parts

少Few 女Woman

Example Word

妙: strange. The Japanese noun '妙 (みょう)' primarily means 'strange' or 'mysterious'. It is often used to describe something that is unusual, peculiar, or beyond ordinary understanding. This word can carry a nuance of something being intriguingly odd or inexplicably fascinating. For example: That's strange「それは妙だ」(それはみょうだ). He has a mysterious power「彼は妙な力を持っている」(かれはみょうなちからをもっている). Additionally, '妙' can sometimes imply a sense of subtlety or finesse, particularly in contexts related to art or skill, though this usage is less common. For example: Her dance has a subtle charm「彼女のダンスは妙な魅力がある」(かのじょのダンスはみょうなみりょくがある).

Radical

女

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

445

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sell

Reading

Parts

穴Hole 士Samurai

Example Word

売る: sell. The Japanese verb '売る (うる)' means 'to sell'. It is used when referring to the act of exchanging goods or services for money. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as selling items in a store, selling a car, or even selling an idea. For example: I will sell this book「この本を売ります」(このほんをうります). He sells vegetables at the market「彼は市場で野菜を売る」(かれはいちばでやさいをうる). The verb can also be used in its negative form to indicate not selling something, as in '売らない (うらない) (not sell)'. Additionally, it can be combined with other verbs to form compound verbs, such as '売り切れる (うりきれる) (to sell out)'.

Radical

士

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

463

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Resemble

Reading

Parts

以By means of 亻Person (人)

Example Word

似る: resemble. The Japanese verb '似る (にる)' means 'to resemble' or 'to be similar to'. It is used to describe a likeness or similarity between two things, people, or concepts. This verb is often used in comparisons, such as when saying someone looks like another person or when describing how two objects are alike. For example: She resembles her mother「彼女は母親に似ている」(かのじょはははおやににている). This painting resembles a famous one「この絵は有名な絵に似ている」(このえはゆうめいなえににている). The verb '似る' is typically used with the particle 'に' to indicate what something resembles, as in 'AはBに似ている' (A resembles B).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

464

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Form, Condition

Reading

Parts

犬Dog 丬

Example Word

状態: condition. The Japanese noun '状態 (じょうたい)' refers to the state or condition of something. It is commonly used to describe the current state of an object, situation, or even a person's health. For example: The condition of the machine is bad「機械の状態が悪い」(きかいのじょうたいがわるい). The patient's condition is stable「患者の状態は安定している」(かんじゃのじょうたいはあんていしている). This word is versatile and can be applied to various contexts, such as physical states, emotional states, or the status of a project.

Radical

犬

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

507

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Breathe out, Blow

Reading

Parts

欠Lack 囗Box

Example Word

吹く: blow. The Japanese verb '吹く (ふく)' primarily means 'to blow'. This verb is used to describe the action of air or wind moving, such as 'the wind is blowing'「風が吹く」(かぜがふく). It can also be used metaphorically or in other contexts, such as blowing a musical instrument like a flute 'flute is blowing'「フルートを吹く」(ふるーとをふく). Additionally, '吹く' can be used to describe something that suddenly appears or occurs, like a rash or a rumor, though this usage is less common. For example: a rumor is spreading「噂が吹く」(うわさがふく).

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

512

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Trouble, Distress

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 囗Box

Example Word

困る: trouble. The Japanese verb '困る (こまる)' means 'to be in trouble' or 'to be troubled'. It is used to express a state of difficulty, distress, or inconvenience. This verb often conveys a sense of being at a loss or not knowing what to do in a situation. For example: I am in trouble because I lost my wallet「財布をなくして困っている」(さいふをなくしてこまっている). It can also be used to describe a situation where someone is inconvenienced or bothered by something: It troubles me when people are late「人が遅れると困る」(ひとがおくれるとこまる). The verb is commonly used in everyday conversation to express personal difficulties or challenges.

Radical

囗

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

515

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Younger brother

Reading

Parts

丷Divide 丿Katakana no 丨Stick 弓Bow

Example Word

弟: younger brother. The Japanese noun '弟 (おとうと)' means 'younger brother'. It specifically refers to a male sibling who is younger than the speaker. This term is commonly used in family contexts and is neutral in tone. For example: my younger brother is kind「私の弟は優しい」(わたしのおとうとはやさしい). I have a younger brother「私は弟がいます」(わたしはおとうとがいます). Note that '弟' is used only for younger brothers; older brothers are referred to as '兄 (あに)'. The term does not change based on the speaker's gender.

Radical

弓

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

518

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Pluck, Extract

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)友Friend

Example Word

抜く: remove or surpass. The Japanese verb '抜く (ぬく)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to remove' or 'to extract', often used when taking something out of a place or situation. For example: I removed the cork from the bottle「瓶の栓を抜いた」(びんのせんをぬいた). The second meaning is 'to surpass' or 'to outdo', used when someone or something exceeds others in ability or performance. For example: He surpassed everyone in the race「彼はレースで皆を抜いた」(かれはレースでみんなをぬいた). The verb is versatile and its meaning depends heavily on context. It can also be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '気を抜く (きをぬく)', which means 'to let one's guard down'.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

526

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Renew, Grow late

Reading

Parts

曰

Example Word

更に: moreover or further. The Japanese adverb '更に (さらに)' has two primary meanings. First, it can mean 'further' or 'in addition,' indicating an increase in degree, quantity, or intensity. For example: He studied further to improve his skills「彼はさらに勉強してスキルを向上させた」(かれはさらにべんきょうしてスキルをこうじょうさせた). Second, it can mean 'moreover' or 'furthermore,' used to introduce additional information or emphasize a point. For example: Moreover, the weather was terrible「さらに、天気はひどかった」(さらに、てんきはひどかった). This adverb is versatile and often used in both formal and informal contexts to add emphasis or provide additional details.

Radical

曰

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

533

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Marsh, Swamp

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)尺Foot (measure)

Example Word

沢山: many. The Japanese adverb '沢山 (たくさん)' means 'many' or 'a lot'. It is used to indicate a large quantity of something, whether it be objects, people, or abstract concepts. It can be used in both positive and neutral contexts. For example: There are many books「本が沢山ある」(ほんがたくさんある). I ate a lot「沢山食べた」(たくさんたべた). Note that '沢山' is often used in casual conversation and can also imply 'enough' or 'plenty' in certain contexts, such as 'That's enough, thank you'「もう沢山です、ありがとう」(もうたくさんです、ありがとう).

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

538

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Cold

Reading

Parts

冫Ice (水)令Orders

Example Word

冷える: cool. The Japanese verb '冷える (ひえる)' means 'to cool' or 'to become cold'. It is often used to describe a decrease in temperature, either literally or metaphorically. For example: the beer has cooled「ビールが冷えた」(びーるがひえた). My body feels cold「体が冷える」(からだがひえる). This verb can also be used to describe a cooling of emotions or relationships, such as 'their relationship has cooled down'「彼らの関係は冷えた」(かれらのかんけいはひえた). Note that '冷える' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. To express the action of cooling something else, the transitive verb '冷やす (ひやす)' is used.

Radical

冫

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

544

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hometown

Reading

Parts

土Soil 田Rice field

Example Word

里: village. The Japanese noun '里 (さと)' refers to a 'village' or a rural area, often contrasting with urban areas. It carries a sense of nostalgia and simplicity, evoking images of traditional Japanese countryside life. This word is commonly used in literature and poetry to depict idyllic rural settings. For example: I returned to my hometown village「私は里に帰りました」(わたしはさとかえりました). The village is surrounded by mountains「里は山に囲まれている」(さとはやまにかこまれている). Additionally, '里' can sometimes refer to a foster home or a place where someone is raised, as in '里親 (さとおや)' (foster parent).

Radical

里

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

556

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Request, Seek

Reading

Parts

水Water

Example Word

求める: request or seek. The Japanese verb '求める (もとめる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to seek' or 'to look for', which is used when someone is searching for something, such as an object, information, or a solution. For example: He is seeking the truth「彼は真実を求めている」(かれはしんじつをもとめている). The second meaning is 'to request' or 'to demand', which is used when someone asks for something or requires a specific action. For example: The company requested a detailed report「会社は詳細なレポートを求めた」(かいしゃはしょうさいなレポートをもとめた). The verb can also imply a sense of necessity or desire, depending on the context. It is commonly used in both formal and informal settings.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

562

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Announce

Reading

Parts

口Mouth ⺧Cow

Example Word

報告: report. The Japanese verbal noun '報告 (ほうこく)' means 'report'. It refers to the act of providing information or giving an account of something, often in a formal or official context. This word is commonly used in workplaces, schools, and other settings where communication of information is necessary. For example: I will report the results「結果を報告します」(けっかをほうこくします). He gave a detailed report「彼は詳細な報告をした」(かれはしょうさいなほうこくをした). The nuance of '報告' often implies a sense of responsibility or duty to inform someone about a specific matter.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

564

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Intention

Reading

Parts

心Heart 士Samurai

Example Word

意志: will. The Japanese noun '意志 (いし)' refers to 'will' or 'volition'. It describes the mental faculty by which a person decides on and commits to a course of action. This word is often used in contexts involving determination, intention, or resolve. For example: He has a strong will「彼は強い意志を持っている」(かれはつよいいしをもっている). Her will to succeed is admirable「彼女の成功への意志は立派だ」(かのじょのせいこうへのいしはりっぱだ). It can also be used in philosophical or psychological discussions about free will and decision-making.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

568

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Map

Reading

Parts

斗Ladle, Dipper 囗Box

Example Word

図書館: library. The Japanese noun '図書館 (としょかん)' refers to a 'library', a place where books, magazines, and other materials are kept for reading, studying, or borrowing. It is a common word used in everyday conversation and formal contexts. For example: I went to the library「図書館に行きました」(としょかんにいきました). The library is quiet「図書館は静かです」(としょかんはしずかです). This word is often used in combination with other words to specify the type of library, such as 'public library' (公立図書館, こうりつとしょかん) or 'university library' (大学図書館, だいがくとしょかん).

Radical

囗

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

576

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Research

Reading

Parts

穴Hole 九Nine

Example Word

研究: research. The Japanese verbal noun '研究 (けんきゅう)' means 'research'. It refers to the systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions. This term is commonly used in academic, scientific, and professional contexts. For example: I am conducting research on Japanese history「私は日本の歴史を研究しています」(わたしはにほんのれきしをけんきゅうしています). His research was published in a scientific journal「彼の研究は科学雑誌に掲載された」(かれのけんきゅうはかがくざっしにけいさいされた). The word can also be used to describe the act of studying or investigating something in depth, as in '研究する (けんきゅうする)' which means 'to research' or 'to study'.

Radical

穴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

579

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Labor

Reading

Parts

冖Crown 力Power ⺍Small

Example Word

苦労: hardship. The Japanese verbal noun '苦労 (くろう)' refers to 'hardship' or 'difficulty'. It is often used to describe the struggles, efforts, or troubles one experiences in life or work. This word carries a nuance of enduring or overcoming challenges. For example: He went through a lot of hardship「彼はたくさんの苦労をした」(かれはたくさんのくろうをした). Raising children involves a lot of hardship「子供を育てるのは苦労が多い」(こどもをそだてるのはくろうがおおい). The word can also be used in expressions like '苦労する (くろうする)', meaning 'to struggle' or 'to go through difficulties'.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

587

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Reform

Reading

Parts

攵Strike 己Oneself

Example Word

改革: reform. The Japanese verbal noun '改革 (かいかく)' means 'reform'. It refers to making changes to something in order to improve it, often used in the context of systems, organizations, or policies. For example: The government is planning a reform「政府は改革を計画している」(せいふはかいかくをけいかくしている). The company needs a reform「その会社は改革が必要だ」(そのかいしゃはかいかくがひつようだ). This term is commonly used in political, economic, and social contexts to describe significant and often systematic changes aimed at improvement.

Radical

攴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

588

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Doctor

Reading

Parts

矢Arrow 匸Side enclosure

Example Word

医療: medical care. The Japanese noun '医療 (いりょう)' means 'medical care'. This word refers to the professional services provided for the prevention, treatment, and management of illness and injuries. It can be used to refer to both general medical care and specialized treatments. For example: She works in medical care 「彼女は医療に従事している」 (かのじょはいりょうにじゅうじしている). Access to medical care is important 「医療へのアクセスは重要です」 (いりょうへのあくせすはじゅうようです). The word is often used in contexts related to healthcare facilities, insurance, and public health systems.

Radical

匸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

601

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Answer, Respond

Reading

Parts

广Dotted cliff 心Heart

Example Word

応ずる: respond. The Japanese verb '応ずる (おうずる)' means 'to respond' or 'to comply with'. It is often used in formal or written contexts to indicate a reaction or reply to a request, demand, or situation. This verb can also imply fulfilling an expectation or meeting a requirement. For example: He responded to the request「彼はその要請に応じた」(かれはそのようせいにおうじた). The company complied with the regulations「会社は規制に応じた」(かいしゃはきせいにおうじた). Note that '応ずる' is the more formal or literary form of '応じる (おうじる)', which is more commonly used in everyday speech.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

606

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Pleasant

Reading

Parts

夬Decide 忄

Example Word

快い: pleasant. The Japanese adjective '快い (こころよい)' means 'pleasant'. It is used to describe something that is agreeable, enjoyable, or soothing to the mind or senses. This word often conveys a sense of comfort or satisfaction. For example: The breeze feels pleasant「風が快い」(かぜがこころよい). His words were pleasant to hear「彼の言葉は快かった」(かれのことばはこころよかった). It can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as describing a pleasant feeling or atmosphere. Note that this word is more formal and less commonly used in everyday conversation compared to simpler adjectives like '楽しい (たのしい)' (fun) or '気持ちいい (きもちいい)' (feels good).

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

607

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

End, Tail

Reading

Parts

毛Fur 尸Corpse

Example Word

尾: tail. The Japanese noun '尾 (お)' means 'tail'. This word is used to refer to the tail of an animal, such as a cat, dog, or bird. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the end or trailing part of something. For example: the cat's tail is long「猫の尾は長い」(ねこのおはながい). The comet has a bright tail「彗星は明るい尾を持っている」(すいせいはあかるいおをもっている). In some contexts, it can also refer to the tail end of a story or event, though this usage is less common.

Radical

尸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

609

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Throw

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)殳Pike

Example Word

投資: investment. The Japanese verbal noun '投資 (とうし)' means 'investment'. It refers to the act of investing money, time, or resources into something with the expectation of achieving a profit or benefit. This term is commonly used in financial contexts but can also apply to non-monetary investments, such as investing effort into a project. For example: He made a good investment in stocks「彼は株に良い投資をした」(かれはかぶにいいとうしをした). Investing in education is important「教育への投資は重要だ」(きょういくへのとうしはじゅうようだ). The word can also be used metaphorically, such as investing time in a relationship.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

617

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Assist, Help

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)左Left

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

620

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bed, Floor

Reading

Parts

广Dotted cliff 木Tree, Wood

Example Word

床: floor. The Japanese noun '床 (ゆか)' refers to the 'floor' of a building or room. It is commonly used to describe the surface that people walk on indoors. This word is often used in contexts related to architecture, interior design, and daily life. For example: The floor is clean「床がきれいです」(ゆかがきれいです). I sat on the floor「床に座りました」(ゆかにすわりました). It can also refer to the floor of a stage or platform in specific contexts. Note that '床' is distinct from '地面 (じめん)', which refers to the ground or earth outdoors.

Radical

广

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

638

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Boy, Sonny

Reading

Parts

方Direction 土Soil

Example Word

寝坊: oversleeping. The Japanese verbal noun '寝坊 (ねぼう)' refers to the act of oversleeping or waking up late. It is often used to describe someone who has slept longer than intended, causing them to be late for an appointment, work, or school. For example: I overslept this morning「今朝寝坊した」(けさねぼうした). Don't oversleep tomorrow「明日寝坊しないで」(あしたねぼうしないで). The term can also be used to describe a person who is habitually late due to oversleeping, as in '彼は寝坊だ (かれはねぼうだ) (He is a late riser).' It carries a slightly negative connotation, implying carelessness or lack of punctuality.

Radical

土

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

656

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Return

Reading

Parts

大Big 户

Example Word

戻る: return. The Japanese verb '戻る (もどる)' means 'to return' or 'to go back'. It is used to indicate the action of returning to a previous location, state, or condition. This verb is commonly used in everyday conversation and can refer to physical movement, such as returning home, or abstract concepts, like reverting to a previous state. For example: I will return home「家に戻ります」(いえにもどります). The situation returned to normal「状況が元に戻った」(じょうきょうがもとにもどった). Note that '戻る' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. To express returning something, the transitive verb '戻す (もどす)' is used instead.

Radical

戶

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

668

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Disorder, Riot

Reading

Parts

舌Tongue 乚

Example Word

混乱: confusion. The Japanese verbal noun '混乱 (こんらん)' means 'confusion'. It refers to a state of disorder, chaos, or disarray, often in situations where things are not clear or organized. This word is commonly used to describe situations, emotions, or systems that are in a state of turmoil. For example: The meeting ended in confusion「会議は混乱して終わった」(かいぎはこんらんしておわった). The city was in chaos after the earthquake「地震の後、街は混乱していた」(じしんのあと、まちはこんらんしていた). It can also describe mental confusion, such as: I was confused by the sudden change「急な変化に混乱した」(きゅうなへんかにこんらんした).

Radical

乛

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

677

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Stretch

Reading

Parts

申Report 亻Person (人)

Example Word

伸ばす: extend or stretch. The Japanese verb '伸ばす (のばす)' can mean 'to stretch' or 'to extend'. It is used in various contexts, such as physically stretching something, extending time, or even growing something like hair or skills. For example: I stretched my arms「腕を伸ばした」(うでをのばした). She extended the deadline「彼女は締め切りを伸ばした」(かのじょはしめきりをのばした). He is growing his hair「彼は髪を伸ばしている」(かれはかみをのばしている). The verb can also imply improvement or development, as in 'to improve skills'「スキルを伸ばす」(スキルをのばす).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

680

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Instant, Immediate

Reading

Parts

卩Seal 艮Stopping

Example Word

即ち: namely. The Japanese conjunction '即ち (すなわち)' means 'namely' or 'in other words'. It is used to clarify or restate something that has been mentioned previously, often to provide a more precise or detailed explanation. This word is commonly used in both written and formal spoken Japanese. For example: He is my best friend, namely, my brother「彼は私の親友、即ち、私の兄です」(かれはわたしのしんゆう、すなわち、わたしのあにです). The solution is simple, namely, to work harder「解決策は簡単だ、即ち、もっと頑張ることだ」(かいけつさくはかんたんだ、すなわち、もっとがんばることだ).

Radical

卩

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

701

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Surround

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 井Well

Example Word

範囲: range. The Japanese noun '範囲 (はんい)' means 'range'. It refers to the extent or scope of something, such as a physical area, a set of values, or a field of activity. This word is commonly used in both everyday and technical contexts. For example: the range of the mountains「山の範囲」(やまのはんい). The temperature range is wide「温度の範囲は広い」(おんどのはんいはひろい). It can also be used metaphorically, as in 'the range of his knowledge is impressive'「彼の知識の範囲はすごい」(かれのちしきのはんいはすごい).

Radical

囗

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

711

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Crazy, Lunatic

Reading

Parts

犬Dog 王King

Example Word

狂う: crazy or broken. The Japanese verb '狂う (くるう)' can have two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'crazy', referring to a state of mental instability or irrational behavior. For example: he went crazy「彼は狂った」(かれはくるった). The second meaning is 'broken', referring to something that is out of order or not functioning correctly. For example: the clock is broken「時計が狂っている」(とけいがくるっている). The context in which this verb is used will determine which meaning is intended. It's important to note that '狂う' can also be used metaphorically to describe situations or plans that have gone awry.

Radical

犬

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

715

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Clause

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 攵Strike

Example Word

条: clause or article. The Japanese noun '条 (じょう)' refers to an 'article' or 'clause' in a legal document, contract, or law. It is commonly used in formal contexts to denote specific sections or provisions within such documents. For example: Article 1 of the Constitution「憲法の第一条」(けんぽうのだいいちじょう). This clause is important「この条は重要です」(このじょうはじゅうようです). The word is often seen in legal or official contexts and is typically paired with numbers to indicate specific articles or clauses.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

720

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bundle, Bind

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 木Tree, Wood

Example Word

約束: promise. The Japanese verbal noun '約束 (やくそく)' means 'promise'. It refers to a commitment or assurance that one will do something or that a particular thing will happen. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to indicate a pledge or agreement between people. For example: I made a promise to my friend「友達と約束をした」(ともだちとやくそくをした). He broke his promise「彼は約束を破った」(かれはやくそくをやぶった). It can also be used in phrases like '約束を守る (やくそくをまもる)' (to keep a promise) or '約束を果たす (やくそくをはたす)' (to fulfill a promise).

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

729

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bureau

Reading

Parts

句Phrase, Paragraph 尸Corpse

Example Word

局: office. The Japanese noun '局 (きょく)' primarily means 'office' or 'bureau', referring to a place where administrative or professional work is conducted. It is often used in the context of government or organizational departments, such as '郵便局 (ゆうびんきょく)' (post office) or '放送局 (ほうそうきょく)' (broadcasting station). For example: I went to the post office「郵便局に行きました」(ゆうびんきょくにいきました). The broadcasting station is nearby「放送局は近くです」(ほうそうきょくはちかくです). Additionally, '局' can also refer to a 'situation' or 'state of affairs' in certain contexts, though this usage is less common.

Radical

尸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

734

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Low

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)氐

Example Word

低い: low. The Japanese adjective '低い (ひくい)' means 'low'. It is used to describe something that has a relatively small height, level, or position. This can refer to physical objects, such as buildings or mountains, as well as abstract concepts like volume, temperature, or status. For example: the table is low「テーブルが低い」(てーぶるがひくい). His voice is low「彼の声は低い」(かれのこえはひくい). The temperature is low today「今日は気温が低い」(きょうはきおんがひくい). This adjective is often used in comparisons, such as 'lower than' (より低い).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

739

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Excel, Excellent

Reading

Parts

禾Cereal 乃

Example Word

優秀: excellent. The Japanese adjectival noun '優秀 (ゆうしゅう)' means 'excellent' and is used to describe someone or something that is outstanding, superior, or of high quality. It is often used to praise people, such as students, employees, or professionals, for their exceptional abilities or achievements. For example: He is an excellent student「彼は優秀な学生です」(かれはゆうしゅうながくせいです). This is an excellent product「これは優秀な製品です」(これはゆうしゅうなせいひんです). The term carries a formal tone and is commonly used in academic, professional, or evaluative contexts.

Radical

禾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

746

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Child

Reading

Parts

旧Old, Past 儿Legs

Example Word

児童: child. The Japanese noun '児童 (じどう)' refers to a child, typically in the context of school-age children or minors. It is often used in formal or educational settings, such as when discussing children's welfare, education, or legal rights. For example: The school is for children「その学校は児童のためのものです」(そのがっこうはじどうのためのものです). The law protects the rights of children「その法律は児童の権利を守る」(そのほうりつはじどうのけんりをまもる). Note that '児童' is more formal than other words like '子供 (こども)', which is a more general term for children.

Radical

儿

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

750

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Slope

Reading

Parts

土Soil 反Anti

Example Word

坂: slope. The Japanese noun '坂 (さか)' means 'slope' or 'hill'. It refers to an inclined surface, such as a road or path that goes up or down. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and place names. For example: The slope is steep「坂が急です」(さかがきゅうです). Let's walk up the hill「坂を登りましょう」(さかをのぼりましょう). The nuance of this word is neutral and can refer to both gentle and steep slopes. It is often used in contexts related to travel, hiking, or describing terrain.

Radical

土

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

761

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sink

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)冘

Example Word

沈める: sink. The Japanese verb '沈める (しずめる)' means 'to sink' something, typically referring to causing an object to submerge or go underwater. It is a transitive verb, meaning it requires a direct object (e.g., sinking a ship). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe causing someone or something to fall into a state of despair or ruin. Example sentences: He sank the boat「彼は船を沈めた」(かれはふねをしずめた). The bad news sank her spirits「悪い知らせは彼女の気持ちを沈めた」(わるいしらせはかのじょのきもちをしずめた). Note that '沈める' is distinct from '沈む (しずむ)', which is intransitive and means 'to sink' on its own.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

792

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Give, Wu China

Reading

Example Word

呉れる: give. The Japanese verb '呉れる (くれる)' means 'to give' and is used when someone gives something to the speaker or someone close to the speaker. It implies a sense of favor or kindness from the giver's side. This verb is often used in casual speech and is conjugated differently from other verbs. For example: He gave me a book「彼は私に本をくれた」(かれはわたしにほんをくれた). My friend gave me a ride「友達が車で送ってくれた」(ともだちがくるまでおくってくれた). Note that 'くれる' is used when the action benefits the speaker or someone in the speaker's in-group, and it is often accompanied by a sense of gratitude.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

800

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Complete

Reading

Parts

元Origin 宀Roof

Example Word

完全: complete. The Japanese adjectival noun '完全 (かんぜん)' means 'complete' or 'perfect'. It is used to describe something that is whole, without any deficiencies, or fully realized. This term can be applied to a wide range of contexts, from physical objects to abstract concepts. For example: This is a complete set「これは完全なセットです」(これはかんぜんなセットです). The plan was executed perfectly「計画は完全に実行された」(けいかくはかんぜんにじっこうされた). Note that '完全' can also be used to emphasize the entirety or perfection of a situation or object, often implying that nothing is missing or out of place.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

843

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Negate

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 不Not

Example Word

否: no. The Japanese interjection '否 (いや)' is a direct and somewhat informal way to say 'no'. It is often used in casual conversations to express disagreement, refusal, or to negate a statement. It can also convey a sense of hesitation or contradiction. For example: No, that's not true「いや、それは違う」(いや、それはちがう). No, I don't think so「いや、そうは思わない」(いや、そうはおもわない). In some contexts, it can also be used to express surprise or disbelief, such as 'No way!'「いや、まさか！」(いや、まさか！). This interjection is more commonly used in spoken language rather than formal writing.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

846

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Endure, Stealth

Reading

Parts

心Heart 刃Blade

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

856

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Skill

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)支Branch, Support

Example Word

技術: technology. The Japanese noun '技術 (ぎじゅつ)' primarily means 'technology' or 'technique'. It refers to the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in industry, or the skills and methods used in a particular field. It can be used in various contexts, from discussing advancements in technology to describing someone's skill in a craft or art. For example: Japan is known for its advanced technology「日本は先進的な技術で知られている」(にほんはせんしんてきなぎじゅつでしられている). He has excellent technique in painting「彼は絵画の技術が優れている」(かれはかいがのぎじゅつがすぐれている).

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

860

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Servant, Retainer

Reading

Example Word

大臣: minister. The Japanese noun '大臣 (だいじん)' refers to a 'minister', specifically a high-ranking government official who is in charge of a specific ministry or department. This term is commonly used in political contexts to denote individuals who hold significant authority within the government. For example: The Minister of Finance spoke at the conference「財務大臣が会議で話しました」(ざいむだいじんがかいぎではなしました). The Prime Minister appointed a new Minister of Education「首相が新しい文部科学大臣を任命しました」(しゅしょうがあたらしいもんぶかがくだいじんをにんめいしました). It's important to note that '大臣' is often used in combination with the specific ministry they oversee, such as '外務大臣 (がいむだいじん)' for 'Minister of Foreign Affairs'.

Radical

臣

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

864

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Welcome

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 卬

Example Word

迎える: receive or welcome. The Japanese verb '迎える (むかえる)' primarily means 'to welcome' or 'to receive'. It is used when someone or something is being welcomed or received, often in a formal or ceremonial context. For example: We welcomed the new year「新年を迎えた」(しんねんをむかえた). The company received a new CEO「会社は新しいCEOを迎えた」(かいしゃはあたらしいCEOをむかえた). This verb can also be used in more casual settings, such as welcoming guests to a home. It's important to note that '迎える' often implies a sense of anticipation or preparation for the arrival of someone or something.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

870

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Chief, Older sibling of parent

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)白White

Example Word

伯父: uncle. The Japanese noun '伯父 (おじ)' refers to an uncle, specifically one's father's older brother. It is used to denote a familial relationship and is part of the Japanese kinship terminology. The term is distinct from '叔父 (おじ)', which refers to one's father's younger brother. Example sentences include: My uncle is coming over「伯父が来ます」(おじがきます). I visited my uncle's house「伯父の家を訪ねました」(おじのいえをたずねました). The term is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to refer to this specific family member.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

883

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Accompany, Companion

Reading

Parts

半Half 亻Person (人)

Example Word

伴う: accompany. The Japanese verb '伴う (ともなう)' primarily means 'to accompany' or 'to go along with'. It is often used to describe situations where one thing naturally follows or is associated with another. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: success often accompanies hard work「成功はしばしば努力を伴う」(せいこうはしばしばどりょくをともなう). The storm was accompanied by strong winds「嵐は強い風を伴っていた」(あらしはつよいかぜをともなっていた). It's important to note that '伴う' can also imply a sense of inevitability or necessity in the relationship between the two things being described.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

945

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Criticize

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)比Compare, Ratio

Example Word

批判: criticism. The Japanese verbal noun '批判 (ひはん)' means 'criticism'. It refers to the act of analyzing and evaluating something, often pointing out its faults or shortcomings. This word is commonly used in contexts such as social commentary, reviews, or discussions where judgment or evaluation is involved. For example: His criticism was harsh「彼の批判は厳しかった」(かれのひはんはきびしかった). The media criticized the government「メディアは政府を批判した」(メディアはせいふをひはんした). Note that '批判' can carry a negative connotation, implying disapproval or fault-finding, but it can also be used neutrally in analytical contexts.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

968

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Steam

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)气Air

Example Word

汽車: steam train. The Japanese noun '汽車 (きしゃ)' refers to a 'steam train'. This word is often used to describe old-fashioned trains powered by steam engines, which were common in Japan during the early to mid-20th century. It evokes a sense of nostalgia and is frequently used in literature, songs, and historical contexts. For example: The steam train is coming「汽車が来る」(きしゃがくる). I saw a steam train at the museum「博物館で汽車を見た」(はくぶつかんできしゃをみた). Note that while modern trains are referred to as '電車 (でんしゃ)', '汽車' specifically refers to steam-powered trains.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

979

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Instead, Eliminate

Reading

Parts

去Past 卩Seal

Example Word

却って: contrarily. The Japanese adverb '却って (かえって)' means 'contrarily' or 'on the contrary'. It is used to indicate that the result of an action or situation is the opposite of what was expected. This word often carries a nuance of surprise or irony. For example: I thought it would help, but it made things worse「助かると思ったが、却って悪くなった」(たすかるおもったが、かえってわるくなった). The medicine didn't make me feel better; on the contrary, it made me feel worse「薬を飲んだが、却って気分が悪くなった」(くすりをのんだが、かえってきぶんがわるくなった). This adverb is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese to express unexpected outcomes.

Radical

卩

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

995

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bath

Reading

Parts

口Mouth

Example Word

風呂: bath. The Japanese noun '風呂 (ふろ)' refers to a bath, specifically a traditional Japanese bath. This term is commonly used to describe the bathing area or the act of bathing itself. In Japanese culture, taking a bath is often a relaxing and cleansing ritual, and '風呂' can refer to both the bathtub and the entire bathroom area. For example: I will take a bath「風呂に入ります」(ふろにはいります). The bath is ready「風呂が沸きました」(ふろがわきました). It's important to note that '風呂' is often used in the context of a traditional Japanese bathhouse or '銭湯 (せんとう)', where people go to bathe communally.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

998

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Cedar, Cryptomeria

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 彡Fur

Example Word

杉: cedar. The Japanese noun '杉 (すぎ)' refers to the cedar tree, specifically the Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica). This tree is native to Japan and is commonly found in forests, temples, and shrines. It is known for its tall, straight trunk and aromatic wood, which is often used in construction and for making furniture. Example sentences: The cedar tree is tall「杉の木は高い」(すぎのきはたかい). The temple is surrounded by cedar trees「その寺は杉に囲まれている」(そのてらはすぎにかこまれている).

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1021

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hard, Spicy

Reading

Parts

立Stand 十Ten

Example Word

辛い: painful. The Japanese adjective '辛い (つらい)' primarily means 'painful' or 'difficult'. It is often used to describe emotional or physical pain, as well as challenging situations. For example: it was a painful experience「それは辛い経験だった」(それはつらいけいけんだった). This work is difficult「この仕事は辛い」(このしごとはつらい). The word can also imply a sense of hardship or suffering, making it versatile in expressing both literal and metaphorical struggles. Note that '辛い' can also be read as 'からい' when referring to something being 'spicy', but in this context, we are focusing on the reading 'つらい'.

Radical

辛

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1052

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Toil

Reading

Parts

奴Servant, Dude 力Power

Example Word

努力: effort. The Japanese verbal noun '努力 (どりょく)' means 'effort'. It refers to the act of striving or working hard towards a goal. This word is often used in contexts where perseverance and dedication are emphasized. For example: He made an effort to learn Japanese「彼は日本語を学ぶために努力した」(かれはにほんごをまなぶためにどりょくした). Without effort, success is impossible「努力なしでは成功は不可能だ」(どりょくなしではせいこうはふかのうだ). The word can also be used in phrases like '努力家 (どりょくか)', which means 'hard worker' or 'diligent person'.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1066

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Materials, Timber

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 才Talent, Age (counter)

Example Word

材料: material or ingredient. The Japanese noun '材料 (ざいりょう)' can mean either 'ingredient' or 'material', depending on the context. When referring to cooking or recipes, it typically means 'ingredient'. For example: the ingredients for this dish are fresh「この料理の材料は新鮮です」(このりょうりのざいりょうはしんせんです). In a broader sense, it can also refer to 'material' used in construction, manufacturing, or other processes. For example: we need more materials to build the house「家を建てるためにもっと材料が必要です」(いえをたてるためにもっとざいりょうがひつようです). The word is versatile and context-dependent, so pay attention to how it is used in sentences.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1075

Handwriting