Jōyō KanjiOrganized by School Grade
Fifth Grade
kanji
居Meaning
Reside, Be
Reading
i
onyomiきょkyo
Parts
尸Corpse 古Old
Example Word
居住: residence. The Japanese noun '居住 (きょじゅう)' refers to the act of living or residing in a particular place. It is often used in formal or legal contexts to describe one's place of residence or habitation. For example: His residence is in Tokyo「彼の居住地は東京です」(かれのきょじゅうちはとうきょうです). The city has a high population of foreign residents「その都市には外国人の居住者が多い」(そのとしにはがいこくじんのきょじゅうしゃがおおい). This term is commonly used in official documents or discussions about demographics and housing.
Radical
尸
Stroke Count
8JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
51
Handwriting
kanji
眼Meaning
Eyeball
Reading
manako
onyomiげんgen
がんgan
Parts
目Eye 艮Stopping
Example Word
眼科: ophthalmology. The Japanese noun '眼科 (がんか)' refers to the medical field of ophthalmology, which deals with the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders. It is also commonly used to refer to an eye clinic or an ophthalmologist's office. For example: I went to the eye clinic「眼科に行きました」(がんかにいきました). She is an ophthalmologist「彼女は眼科医です」(かのじょはがんかいです). The term is often used in medical contexts and is essential for discussing eye health or seeking medical attention for eye-related issues.
Radical
目
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N1Grade
5Frequency
112
Handwriting
kanji
現Meaning
Appear, Current
Reading
arawa
onyomiげんgen
Parts
王King 見See
Example Word
出現: appearance. The Japanese noun '出現 (しゅつげん)' means 'appearance' or 'emergence'. It refers to the act of something or someone coming into view or becoming noticeable. This word is often used in contexts where something unexpected or significant makes an appearance. For example: The sudden appearance of a comet「彗星の出現」(すいせいのしゅつげん). The emergence of a new species「新種の出現」(しんしゅのしゅつげん). It can also be used metaphorically to describe the rise or emergence of trends, ideas, or phenomena.
Radical
玉
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
131
Handwriting
kanji
情Meaning
Feeling, Emotion
Reading
nasake
onyomiじょうjou
せいsei
Parts
忄 青Blue
Example Word
同情: sympathy. The Japanese verbal noun '同情 (どうじょう)' means 'sympathy'. It refers to the feeling of understanding and sharing the emotions or suffering of another person. This word is often used in contexts where one expresses compassion or empathy towards someone else's difficult situation. For example: I feel sympathy for her「彼女に同情する」(かのじょにどうじょうする). He showed sympathy for the victims「彼は被害者たちに同情を示した」(かれはひがいしゃたちにどうじょうをしめした). Note that '同情' can also be used in phrases like '同情を引く (どうじょうをひく)', which means 'to evoke sympathy'.
Radical
心
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
156
Handwriting
kanji
性Meaning
Gender, Sex
Reading
shou
せいsei
Parts
忄 生Life
Example Word
性: gender or nature. The Japanese noun '性 (せい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'gender', referring to the classification of being male or female. For example: gender equality「性の平等」(せいのびょうどう). The second meaning is 'nature', referring to the inherent characteristics or essence of something. For example: human nature「人間の性」(にんげんのせい). This word is often used in compound nouns to specify a particular type of nature or gender. It is important to distinguish between these two meanings based on the context in which the word is used.
Radical
心
Stroke Count
8JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
162
Handwriting
kanji
義Meaning
Righteousness
Reading
gi
Parts
羊Sheep 我Self, Ego
Example Word
義務: duty or obligation. The Japanese noun '義務 (ぎむ)' refers to a moral or legal responsibility that one is required to fulfill. It can be used in various contexts, such as societal duties, legal obligations, or personal responsibilities. For example: It is the duty of citizens to pay taxes「国民の義務は税金を払うことです」(こくみんのぎむはぜいきんをはらうことです). Parents have an obligation to raise their children「親は子供を育てる義務があります」(おやはこどもをそだてるぎむがあります). The word emphasizes a sense of responsibility that is often non-negotiable or expected by society or law.
Radical
羊
Stroke Count
13JLPT
N1Grade
5Frequency
205
Handwriting
kanji
解Meaning
Solve, Untie
Reading
to
onyomiげge
かいkai
Parts
角Corner, Angle 刀Sword 牛Cow
Example Word
正解: correct. The Japanese verbal noun '正解 (せいかい)' means 'correct' or 'correct answer'. It is commonly used in contexts such as quizzes, tests, or any situation where a correct response is expected. For example: The correct answer is A「正解はAです」(せいかいはAです). Did you get the correct answer?「正解は分かりましたか?」(せいかいはわかりましたか?). It can also be used to indicate that someone has made the right decision or choice, as in 'That was the correct choice'「それが正解だった」(それがせいかいだった).
Radical
角
Stroke Count
13JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
213
Handwriting
kanji
常Meaning
Usual, Normal
Reading
toko
つねtsune
onyomiじょうjou
Parts
尚Still, Esteem 巾Towel
Example Word
異常: abnormal. The Japanese adjectival noun '異常 (いじょう)' means 'abnormal' or 'unusual'. It is used to describe something that deviates from the norm or is out of the ordinary. This word can be applied to various contexts, such as weather, behavior, or conditions. For example: The weather is abnormal today「今日の天気は異常だ」(きょうのてんきはいじょうだ). His behavior is unusual「彼の行動は異常だ」(かれのこうどうはいじょうだ). It can also be used in medical contexts to describe abnormal conditions or symptoms. For instance: The patient has abnormal symptoms「患者は異常な症状がある」(かんじゃはいじょうなしょうじょうがある).
Radical
巾
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
214
Handwriting
kanji
過Meaning
Exceed, Error
Reading
su
あやまayama
onyomiかka
Parts
⻌Walk 咼
Example Word
過: excess. The Japanese prefix '過 (か)' conveys the idea of excess, overdoing, or surpassing a limit. It is commonly used in compound words to indicate that something is excessive or beyond what is normal or acceptable. For example: overwork「過労」(かろう), overconfidence「過信」(かしん), or excessive speed「過速度」(かそくど). This prefix is often attached to nouns or verbs to create new terms that describe an exaggerated or extreme state. For instance: He died from overwork「彼は過労で亡くなった」(かれはかろうでなくなった). Don't overestimate your abilities「自分の能力を過信しないで」(じぶんののうりょくをかしんしないで).
Radical
辵
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
223
Handwriting
kanji
在Meaning
Be, Exist
Reading
a
onyomiざいzai
Example Word
在庫: stock or inventory. The Japanese noun '在庫 (ざいこ)' refers to the goods or materials that a business holds in stock or inventory. It is commonly used in retail, manufacturing, and business contexts to describe the quantity of products available for sale or use. For example: The store has a lot of inventory「その店は在庫が多い」(そのみせはざいこがおおい). We need to check the stock levels「在庫を確認する必要がある」(ざいこをかくにんするひつようがある). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe the availability of non-physical items, such as ideas or resources.
Radical
土
Stroke Count
6JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
245
Handwriting
kanji
張Meaning
Spread, Stretch
Reading
ha
onyomiちょうchou
Parts
弓Bow 長Long, Leader
Example Word
引っ張る: pull or stretch. The Japanese verb '引っ張る (ひっぱる)' primarily means 'to pull' or 'to stretch'. It is used to describe physically pulling something, such as pulling a rope or dragging an object. It can also metaphorically mean to stretch something, like stretching the truth or extending a deadline. For example: He pulled the rope「彼はロープを引っ張った」(かれはロープをひっぱった). The boss stretched the deadline「上司は締め切りを引っ張った」(じょうしはしめきりをひっぱった). Note that this verb often implies a continuous or forceful action, and it is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts.
Radical
弓
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N1Grade
5Frequency
255
Handwriting
kanji
余Meaning
Excess
Reading
ama
onyomiよyo
Parts
亼 朩
Example Word
余程: considerably or very. The Japanese adverb '余程 (よほど)' is used to express a high degree or extent of something, often implying that the situation is unusual or noteworthy. It can be translated as 'very' or 'considerably' and is often used in contexts where the speaker is emphasizing how much something stands out or differs from the norm. For example: He must be very tired「彼は余程疲れているのだろう」(かれはよほどつかれているのだろう). It must have been considerably cold「余程寒かったのだろう」(よほどさむかったのだろう). The word can also carry a nuance of surprise or emphasis, suggesting that the degree of something is beyond what is typical or expected.
Radical
人
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
273
Handwriting
kanji
可Meaning
Possible
Reading
ka
Parts
丁Street 口Mouth
Example Word
許可: permission. The Japanese verbal noun '許可 (きょか)' means 'permission'. It refers to the act of allowing someone to do something or granting approval for an action. This word is commonly used in formal or official contexts, such as requesting permission from authorities or superiors. For example: I need permission to enter「入る許可が必要です」(はいるきょかがひつようです). Did you get permission to leave early?「早退の許可をもらいましたか?」(そうたいのきょかをもらいましたか?). It can also be used in everyday situations, such as asking for permission to borrow something: Can I have permission to use your pen?「あなたのペンを使う許可をもらえますか?」(あなたのペンをつかうきょかをもらえますか?).
Radical
口
Stroke Count
5JLPT
UnknownGrade
5Frequency
277
Handwriting
kanji
師Meaning
Master, Expert
Reading
shi
Example Word
講師: lecturer. The Japanese noun '講師 (こうし)' refers to a 'lecturer' or 'instructor', typically someone who teaches at educational institutions, seminars, or workshops. This term is often used in academic or professional settings to denote someone who delivers lectures or provides specialized instruction. For example: The lecturer explained the theory clearly「講師は理論をはっきりと説明した」(こうしはりろんをはっきりとせつめいした). She works as a part-time lecturer at the university「彼女は大学で非常勤講師として働いている」(かのじょはだいがくでひじょうきんこうしとしてはたらいている). Note that '講師' can also refer to instructors in non-academic contexts, such as fitness or art classes.
Radical
巾
Stroke Count
10JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
288
Handwriting
kanji
寄Meaning
Draw near
Reading
yo
onyomiきki
Parts
宀Roof 奇Strange, Unusual
Example Word
寄る: stop by. The Japanese verb '寄る (よる)' primarily means 'to stop by' or 'to drop in'. It is used when someone visits a place briefly, often on the way to another destination. This verb can also imply a casual or unplanned visit. For example: I will stop by the store「店に寄ります」(みせによります). Let's drop by the park on the way home「帰りに公園に寄りましょう」(かえりにこうえんによりましょう). Additionally, '寄る' can sometimes mean 'to lean' or 'to approach', but these meanings are less common and context-dependent. For example: The tree is leaning to the left「木が左に寄っている」(きがひだりによるっている).
Radical
宀
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
303
Handwriting
kanji
経Meaning
Manage, Elapse
Reading
ta
へhe
onyomiけいkei
きょうkyou
Parts
糸Thread 圣Holy
Example Word
経過: progress or passage. The Japanese verbal noun '経過 (けいか)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'passage', referring to the passing of time or the progression of events. For example: the passage of time「時間の経過」(じかんのけいか). The second meaning is 'progress', referring to the development or advancement of a situation or process. For example: the progress of the project「プロジェクトの経過」(ぷろじぇくとのけいか). This word is often used in formal or technical contexts to describe the unfolding of events or the status of a process. Another example: the progress of the disease「病気の経過」(びょうきのけいか).
Radical
糸
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
305
Handwriting
kanji
程Meaning
Order, Extent
Reading
hodo
onyomiていtei
Parts
禾Cereal 呈Display, Present
Example Word
程度: degree. The Japanese noun '程度 (ていど)' refers to the extent, degree, or level of something. It is often used to describe the magnitude, intensity, or scope of a situation, condition, or action. For example: to what degree is it damaged?「どの程度壊れていますか?」(どのていどこわれていますか?). The degree of difficulty is high「難易度の程度は高い」(なんいどのていどはたかい). This word is versatile and can be applied to various contexts, such as measuring the severity of an issue, the intensity of an emotion, or the scope of an event. It is commonly used in both formal and informal settings.
Radical
禾
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
307
Handwriting
kanji
術Meaning
Art, Technique
Reading
jutsu
Parts
行Go 朮
Example Word
術: art or technique. The Japanese noun '術 (じゅつ)' refers to a skill, art, or technique, often implying a specialized or refined method. It is commonly used in contexts related to traditional arts, martial arts, or any field requiring expertise. For example: the art of negotiation「交渉の術」(こうしょうのじゅつ). He mastered the technique「彼はその術を極めた」(かれはそのじゅつをきわめた). The word can also imply a strategic or clever approach, as in 'the art of deception'「欺く術」(あざむくじゅつ).
Radical
行
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
311
Handwriting
kanji
衛Meaning
Protect, Defense
Reading
ei
Parts
行Go 韋
Example Word
自衛: self defense. The Japanese noun '自衛 (じえい)' means 'self-defense'. It refers to the act of protecting oneself from harm or danger, often used in contexts related to personal safety, military defense, or legal rights. For example: self-defense is a basic human right「自衛は基本的な人権です」(じえいはきほんてきなじんけんです). The country strengthened its self-defense capabilities「その国は自衛能力を強化した」(そのくにはじえいのうりょくをきょうかした). This term is commonly used in discussions about national security, martial arts, or personal safety measures.
Radical
行
Stroke Count
16JLPT
N1Grade
5Frequency
312
Handwriting
kanji
非Meaning
Mistake, Negative
Reading
ara
onyomiひhi
Example Word
是非: certainly. The Japanese adverb '是非 (ぜひ)' is used to express strong encouragement or a strong desire for something to happen. It can be translated as 'certainly', 'by all means', or 'definitely'. This word is often used when making requests or invitations, emphasizing the speaker's earnestness. For example: Please come by all means「是非来てください」(ぜひきてください). I definitely want to go「是非行きたいです」(ぜひいきたいです). It can also be used to express a strong recommendation, as in 'You should definitely try this dish'「この料理は是非食べてみてください」(このりょうりはぜひたべてみてください).
Radical
非
Stroke Count
8JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
320
Handwriting
kanji
武Meaning
Military
Reading
mu
たけtake
onyomiぶbu
Parts
一One 弋Ceremony 止Stop
Example Word
武装: arms. The Japanese noun '武装 (ぶそう)' refers to 'arms' or 'weapons'. It is commonly used to describe the act of equipping oneself or a group with weapons, or the state of being armed. This term can be used in both literal and figurative contexts, such as military or ideological 'arming'. For example: The soldiers were armed「兵士たちは武装していた」(へいしたちはぶそうしていた). The country is arming itself against threats「その国は脅威に対して武装している」(そのくにはきょういに対してぶそうしている). Note that '武装' can also imply preparation or readiness in a broader sense, such as '武装した思想' (ぶそうしたしそう) meaning 'armed ideology' or a well-prepared mindset.
Radical
止
Stroke Count
8JLPT
N2Grade
5Frequency
327
Handwriting
kanji
判Meaning
Judge, Stamp
Reading
ban
はんhan
Parts
半Half 刂Sword (刀)
Example Word
判例: precedent. The Japanese noun '判例 (はんれい)' refers to a legal precedent, which is a past judicial decision that serves as a reference for deciding similar cases in the future. This term is commonly used in legal contexts, such as in courts or legal discussions, to refer to previous rulings that can influence or guide current judgments. For example: This case follows a precedent「この事件は判例に従っている」(このじけんははんれいにしたがっている). The judge referred to a precedent「裁判官は判例を参照した」(さいばんかんははんれいをさんしょうした). It's important to note that '判例' is a formal term and is typically used in professional or academic settings related to law.
Radical
刀
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
330
Handwriting
kanji
質Meaning
Quality
Reading
shichi
しつshitsu
Parts
貝Shellfish 斤Axe, Catty
Example Word
実質: substance. The Japanese noun '実質 (じっしつ)' refers to the 'substance' or 'essence' of something, often contrasting with its form or appearance. It is used to describe the actual, underlying reality or true nature of a situation, object, or concept. For example: The substance of the matter is important「実質が大切です」(じっしつがたいせつです). The real value lies in its substance「その実質に価値がある」(そのじっしつにかちがある). This term is commonly used in discussions about economics, policies, or abstract ideas to emphasize the core or practical aspects rather than superficial details.
Radical
貝
Stroke Count
15JLPT
N4Grade
5Frequency
342
Handwriting
kanji
婦Meaning
Lady
Reading
fu
Parts
女Woman 帚
Example Word
婦: woman. The Japanese suffix '婦 (ふ)' is used to denote a woman, often in a formal or respectful context. It is commonly appended to other words to specify a type of woman, such as in professional or social roles. For example: a housewife「主婦」(しゅふ). a nurse「看護婦」(かんごふ). It's important to note that while '婦' is traditionally used, some terms are being updated to more gender-neutral language, such as '看護師' (かんごし) for nurse, replacing '看護婦'.
Radical
女
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
346
Handwriting
kanji
支Meaning
Branch, Support
Reading
sasa
onyomiしshi
Parts
十Ten 又Again
Example Word
支度: preparation. The Japanese verbal noun '支度 (したく)' refers to the act of preparing or getting ready for something. It is commonly used in contexts where someone is preparing for an event, trip, or daily activities. For example: I need to prepare for the trip「旅行の支度をしなければならない」(りょこうのしたくをしなければならない). She is getting ready for work「彼女は仕事の支度をしている」(かのじょはしごとのしたくをしている). The word often implies a sense of readiness or arranging things in advance. It can also be used in a more general sense, such as preparing a meal「食事の支度をする」(しょくじのしたくをする).
Radical
支
Stroke Count
4JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
347
Handwriting
kanji
政Meaning
Government, Politics
Reading
matsurigoto
onyomiしょうshou
せいsei
Parts
正Correct 攵Strike
Example Word
政治家: politician. The Japanese noun '政治家 (せいじか)' refers to a 'politician', someone who is professionally involved in politics, especially as a holder of an elected office. This term is used to describe individuals who are engaged in the activities associated with the governance of a country or area, especially the debate between parties having power. For example: That politician is very popular「あの政治家はとても人気がある」(あのせいじかはとてもにんきがある). He became a politician after retiring from the military「彼は軍隊を引退した後、政治家になった」(かれはぐんたいをいんたいしたあと、せいじかになった). The term can be used in both formal and informal contexts, and it carries a neutral connotation unless specified otherwise by the context in which it is used.
Radical
攴
Stroke Count
9JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
348
Handwriting
kanji
能Meaning
Ability
Reading
nou
Parts
䏍 匕Spoon
Example Word
性能: performance. The Japanese noun '性能 (せいのう)' refers to the performance, capability, or efficiency of a machine, device, or system. It is commonly used in technical or mechanical contexts to describe how well something functions. For example: This car has excellent performance「この車は性能が優れている」(このくるまはせいのうがすぐれている). The performance of this computer is impressive「このコンピュータの性能は素晴らしい」(このコンピュータのせいのうはすばらしい). It can also be used in broader contexts, such as evaluating the performance of a product or system.
Radical
肉
Stroke Count
10JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
349
Handwriting
kanji
識Meaning
Knowledge, Discernment
Reading
shiki
Parts
訁Say (言)戠
Example Word
常識: commonsense. The Japanese noun '常識 (じょうしき)' refers to 'commonsense' or 'general knowledge'. It describes the basic understanding or awareness that is commonly shared by people in a society. This term is often used to refer to what is considered normal or expected behavior in a given context. For example: He lacks commonsense「彼は常識がない」(かれはじょうしきがない). It's common sense to be polite「礼儀正しくするのは常識だ」(れいぎただしくするのはじょうしきだ). The word can also imply societal norms or shared values, and it is frequently used in discussions about cultural expectations or social behavior.
Radical
言
Stroke Count
19JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
355
Handwriting
kanji
勢Meaning
Power, Force
Reading
ikio
onyomiせいsei
Parts
力Power 埶
Example Word
情勢: situation. The Japanese noun '情勢 (じょうせい)' refers to the state or condition of affairs, particularly in a political, economic, or social context. It is often used to describe the current state of events or trends. For example: The political situation is unstable「政治の情勢は不安定です」(せいじのじょうせいはふあんていです). The economic situation is improving「経済の情勢は改善しています」(けいざいのじょうせいはかいぜんしています). This term is commonly used in news reports, discussions, and analyses to describe the broader state of affairs.
Radical
力
Stroke Count
13JLPT
N2Grade
5Frequency
357
Handwriting
kanji
際Meaning
Occasion
Reading
kiwa
onyomiさいsai
Parts
⻖ 祭Ritual
Example Word
際: occasion. The Japanese noun '際 (さい)' refers to a specific moment, occasion, or juncture. It is often used to describe a critical or significant point in time when something happens or is about to happen. For example: at the time of departure「出発の際」(しゅっぱつのさい). On the occasion of the meeting「会議の際」(かいぎのさい). This word can also imply a sense of urgency or importance, as in 'in case of emergency'「緊急の際」(きんきゅうのさい). It is commonly used in formal or written contexts.
Radical
阜
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
369
Handwriting
kanji
故Meaning
Reason, Deceased
Reading
yue
onyomiこko
Parts
古Old 攵Strike
Example Word
何故: why. The Japanese adverb '何故 (なぜ)' means 'why'. It is used to ask for the reason or cause of something. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: Why did you come?「何故来たの?」(なぜきたの?). Why is it so expensive?「何故そんなに高いの?」(なぜそんなにたかいの?). The word '何故' can also be written as 'なぜ' in hiragana, and it is often used interchangeably with other words that mean 'why', such as 'どうして' and 'なんで', though '何故' can sometimes carry a slightly more formal or literary tone.
Radical
攴
Stroke Count
9JLPT
N1Grade
5Frequency
374
Handwriting
kanji
態Meaning
Appearance, Condition
Reading
waza
onyomiたいtai
Parts
心Heart 能Ability
Example Word
態度: attitude. The Japanese noun '態度 (たいど)' refers to a person's attitude, demeanor, or behavior. It is often used to describe how someone carries themselves or reacts in a given situation. This word can be used in both positive and negative contexts, depending on the situation. For example: His attitude is very positive「彼の態度はとても前向きだ」(かれのたいどはとてもまえむきだ). Her attitude towards work is lazy「彼女の仕事に対する態度は怠惰だ」(かのじょのしごとにたいするたいどはたいだだ). The word can also imply a sense of posture or stance, both physically and metaphorically.
Radical
心
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N1Grade
5Frequency
393
Handwriting
kanji
絶Meaning
Break off, Extinction
Reading
ta
onyomiぜつzetsu
Parts
糸Thread 色Color
Example Word
絶望: despair. The Japanese noun '絶望 (ぜつぼう)' means 'despair'. It refers to a state of complete loss of hope or a feeling of utter hopelessness. This word is often used in serious or dramatic contexts, such as in literature, personal struggles, or emotional situations. For example: He fell into despair「彼は絶望に陥った」(かれはぜつぼうにおちいった). The news filled her with despair「その知らせは彼女を絶望で満 たした」(そのしらせはかのじょをぜつぼうでみたした). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe situations or outcomes that seem beyond repair or improvement.
Radical
糸
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
397
Handwriting
kanji
夢Meaning
Dream
Reading
yume
onyomiむmu
Parts
艹Grass 罒Net 冖Crown 夕Evening
Example Word
夢中: engrossed. The Japanese adjectival noun '夢中 (むちゅう)' means 'engrossed' or 'absorbed'. It describes a state of being completely focused or captivated by something, often to the point of losing awareness of one's surroundings. This word is commonly used to express deep involvement in activities, hobbies, or emotions. For example: I was engrossed in the game「ゲームに夢中だった」(ゲームにむちゅうだった). She is absorbed in her studies「彼女は勉強に夢中です」(かのじょはべんきょうにむちゅうです). The word can also imply a sense of obsession or infatuation, as in: He is infatuated with her「彼は彼女に夢中だ」(かれはかのじょにむちゅうだ).
Radical
夕
Stroke Count
13JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
405
Handwriting
kanji
妻Meaning
Wife
Reading
tsuma
onyomiさいsai
Parts
女Woman 肀
Example Word
妻: wife. The Japanese noun '妻 (つま)' means 'wife'. It refers to a married woman in relation to her spouse. This term is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: my wife is kind「私の妻は優しい」(わたしのつまはやさしい). He introduced his wife「彼は妻を紹介した」(かれはつまをしょうかいした). The word '妻' is neutral and does not carry any particular nuance, making it suitable for various situations. It is important to note that '妻' specifically refers to a wife and not to a girlfriend or fiancée.
Radical
女
Stroke Count
8JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
412
Handwriting
kanji
素Meaning
Element
Reading
su
そso
Parts
糸Thread 龶Life (生)
Example Word
素直: honest. The Japanese adjective '素直 (すなお)' primarily means 'honest' or 'obedient'. It describes someone who is straightforward, sincere, and free from deceit or pretense. This word is often used to praise someone's character, especially when they are willing to accept advice or criticism without resistance. For example: She is an honest child「彼女は素直な子供です」(かのじょはすなおなこどもです). He honestly admitted his mistake「彼は素直に自分の過ちを認めた」(かれはすなおにじぶんのあやまちをみとめた). The term can also imply a sense of purity or simplicity in one's nature, making it a positive trait in Japanese culture.
Radical
糸
Stroke Count
10JLPT
N1Grade
5Frequency
413
Handwriting
kanji
断Meaning
Decide, Cut off
Reading
ta
ことわkotowa
onyomiだんdan
Parts
斤Axe, Catty 米Rice
Example Word
横断歩道: crosswalk. The Japanese noun '横断歩道 (おうだんほどう)' refers to a 'crosswalk', which is a designated area on a road where pedestrians can safely cross. It is typically marked with white stripes and often accompanied by traffic signals or signs. Example sentences: Please use the crosswalk「横断歩道を使ってください」(おうだんほどうをつかってください). The crosswalk is over there「横断歩道はあそこです」(おうだんほどうはあそこです). This word is commonly used in everyday conversations, especially when giving directions or discussing road safety.
Radical
斤
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
418
Handwriting
kanji
限Meaning
Limit
Reading
kagi
onyomiげんgen
Parts
⻖ 艮Stopping
Example Word
無限: infinite. The Japanese adjectival noun '無限 (むげん)' means 'infinite'. It is used to describe something that has no limits, boundaries, or end. This word can be applied to abstract concepts like time, space, or possibilities, as well as physical entities. For example: the universe is infinite「宇宙は無限だ」(うちゅうはむげんだ). His patience seems infinite「彼の忍耐は無限のようだ」(かれのにんたいはむげんのようだ). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '無限ループ (むげんループ)' (infinite loop) or '無限大 (むげんだい)' (infinity).
Radical
阜
Stroke Count
9JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
419
Handwriting
kanji
精Meaning
Spirit, Refine
Reading
shou
せいsei
Parts
米Rice 青Blue
Example Word
精神: spirit or mind. The Japanese noun '精神 (せいしん)' primarily refers to 'spirit' or 'mind'. It encompasses mental and emotional states, as well as the essence of one's being. It is often used in contexts related to psychology, philosophy, or personal resilience. For example: He has a strong spirit「彼は強い精神を持っている」(かれはつよいせいしんをもっている). Mental health is important「精神の健康は大切です」(せいしんのけんこうはたいせつです). The word can also refer to the collective mindset or ethos of a group, such as in 'team spirit' or 'national spirit'.
Radical
米
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
421
Handwriting
kanji
造Meaning
Make, Build
Reading
tsuku
onyomiぞうzou
Parts
⻌Walk 告Announce
Example Word
創造: creation. The Japanese noun '創造 (そうぞう)' means 'creation'. It refers to the act of bringing something into existence, often used in contexts involving art, innovation, or the universe. For example: the creation of the universe「宇宙の創造」(うちゅうのそうぞう). This word can also imply a sense of originality and imagination, as in: the creation of new ideas「新しいアイデアの創造」(あたらしいアイデアのそうぞう). It is commonly used in both artistic and scientific contexts to denote the process of making something new and unique.
Radical
辵
Stroke Count
10JLPT
N2Grade
5Frequency
423
Handwriting
kanji
容Meaning
Contain, Looks
Reading
you
Parts
宀Roof 谷Valley
Example Word
美容: beauty. The Japanese noun '美容 (びよう)' refers to 'beauty' or 'beautification'. It is commonly used in contexts related to beauty care, such as skincare, haircare, or cosmetic treatments. For example: beauty salon「美容院」(びよういん). She is studying beauty techniques「彼女は美容の技術を勉強している」(かのじょはびようのぎじゅつをべんきょうしている). This term is often associated with the beauty industry and self-care practices.
Radical
宀
Stroke Count
10JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
430
Handwriting
kanji
久Meaning
Long time
Reading
hisa
onyomiくku
きゅうkyuu
Example Word
久しい: long. The Japanese adjective '久しい (ひさしい)' means 'long' in the sense of a considerable amount of time having passed. It is often used to describe a period that feels lengthy or to express that something has not happened for a long time. For example: It has been a long time since we last met「私たちが最後に会ってから久しい」(わたしたちがさいごにあったからひさしい). It's been a long time since it rained「雨が降ってから久しい」(あめがふってからひさしい). This adjective conveys a sense of nostalgia or the passage of time and is typically used in written or formal contexts.
Radical
丿
Stroke Count
3JLPT
N2Grade
5Frequency
459
Handwriting
kanji
格Meaning
Status
Reading
kou
かくkaku
Parts
木Tree, Wood 各Each
Example Word
体格: physique. The Japanese noun '体格 (たいかく)' refers to a person's physical build or body structure. It is commonly used to describe someone's overall body size, shape, or constitution. For example: He has a strong physique「彼は体格がいい」(かれはたいかくがいい). Her physique is delicate「彼女の体格は華奢だ」(かのじょのたいかくはきゃしゃだ). This word is often used in contexts related to health, fitness, or physical appearance. It can also be used in medical or sports-related discussions to describe someone's physical condition or capabilities.
Radical
木
Stroke Count
10JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
461
Handwriting
kanji
似Meaning
Resemble
Reading
ni
onyomiじji
Parts
亻Person (人)以By means of
Example Word
似る: resemble. The Japanese verb '似る (にる)' means 'to resemble' or 'to be similar to'. It is used to describe a likeness or similarity between two things, people, or concepts. This verb is often used in comparisons, such as when saying someone looks like another person or when describing how two objects are alike. For example: She resembles her mother「彼女は母親に似ている」(かのじょはははおやににている). This painting resembles a famous one「この絵は有名な絵に似ている」(このえはゆうめいなえににている). The verb '似る' is typically used with the particle 'に' to indicate what something resembles, as in 'AはBに似ている' (A resembles B).
Radical
人
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
464
Handwriting
kanji
件Meaning
Matter, Affair
Reading
ken
Parts
亻Person (人)牛Cow
Example Word
条件: condition. The Japanese noun '条件 (じょうけん)' means 'condition'. It refers to a requirement, stipulation, or prerequisite that must be met for something to happen or be valid. This word is commonly used in contexts such as contracts, agreements, or when setting rules. For example: The condition for approval is hard work「承認の条件は努力です」(しょうにんのじょうけんはどりょくです). We agreed on the terms and conditions「私たちは条件に合意しました」(わたしたちはじょうけんにごういしました). It can also be used in everyday situations, such as discussing conditions for a job or a relationship.
Radical
人
Stroke Count
6JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
467
Handwriting
kanji
確Meaning
Certain
Reading
tashi
onyomiかくkaku
Parts
石Stone 隹Bird
Example Word
明確: clear or definite. The Japanese adjectival noun '明確 (めいかく)' means 'clear' or 'definite'. It is used to describe something that is precise, unambiguous, or clearly defined. This word is often used in formal or professional contexts to emphasize clarity or certainty. For example: The instructions were clear「指示は明確だった」(しじはめいかくだった). We need a definite answer「明確な答えが必要です」(めいかくなこたえがひつようです). Note that '明確' is often used to describe abstract concepts like ideas, plans, or explanations, rather than physical objects.
Radical
石
Stroke Count
15JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
488
Handwriting
kanji
許Meaning
Permit, Allow
Reading
yuru
onyomiきょkyo
Parts
訁Say (言)午Noon
Example Word
許す: permit or forgive. The Japanese verb '許す (ゆるす)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to forgive,' which refers to ceasing to feel resentment or anger toward someone for an offense or mistake. For example: I forgive you「あなたを許す」(あなたをゆるす). The second meaning is 'to permit' or 'to allow,' which refers to giving someone permission to do something. For example: The teacher permitted the students to leave early「先生は生徒たちに早く帰ることを許した」(せんせいはせいとたちにはやくかえることをゆるした). The verb can also imply tolerating or overlooking something, depending on the context. It is commonly used in both formal and informal settings.
Radical
言
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
499
Handwriting
kanji
独Meaning
Alone
Reading
hito
onyomiどくdoku
Parts
犭 虫Insect
Example Word
単独: alone or independent. The Japanese adjectival noun '単独 (たんどく)' means 'alone' or 'independent'. It is used to describe something or someone that is acting or existing without assistance or accompaniment. This word can be applied to various contexts, such as actions, decisions, or states of being. For example: He went on a solo trip「彼は単独で旅行に行った」(かれはたんどくでりょこうにいった). The company operates independently「その会社は単独で運営されている」(そのかいしゃはたんどくでうんえいされている). Note that '単独' often carries a nuance of self-sufficiency or lack of external support.
Radical
犬
Stroke Count
9JLPT
N1Grade
5Frequency
504
Handwriting
kanji
状Meaning
Form, Condition
Reading
jou
Parts
丬 犬Dog
Example Word
年賀状: new years card. The Japanese noun '年賀状 (ねんがじょう)' refers to a 'New Year's card'. These are special greeting cards sent to friends, family, and colleagues to celebrate the New Year. They often feature traditional designs, such as the zodiac animal of the year, and include messages of good fortune and health. Example sentences: I sent a New Year's card to my friend「友達に年賀状を送りました」(ともだちにねんがじょうをおくりました). Did you receive a New Year's card?「年賀状をもらいましたか?」(ねんがじょうをもらいましたか?).
Radical
犬
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
507
Handwriting
kanji
徳Meaning
Virtue
Reading
toku
Parts
彳Stop 十Ten 罒Net 心Heart
Example Word
道徳: morality. The Japanese noun '道徳 (どうとく)' refers to 'morality' or 'ethical principles'. It is used to describe the system of values and principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong behavior. This term is often used in discussions about societal norms, personal ethics, and philosophical teachings. For example: Morality is important in society「道徳は社会で重要です」(どうとくはしゃかいでじゅうようです). Teaching morality to children is essential「子供に道徳を教えることは大切です」(こどもにどうとくをおしえることはたいせつです). The word is commonly used in educational and philosophical contexts.
Radical
彳
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N1Grade
5Frequency
513
Handwriting
kanji
像Meaning
Image, Statue
Reading
zou
Parts
亻Person (人)象Elephant, Phenomenon
Example Word
画像: image. The Japanese noun '画像 (がぞう)' means 'image'. It refers to a visual representation, such as a photograph, illustration, or digital picture. This word is commonly used in contexts related to photography, digital media, and art. For example: I saved the image「画像を保存した」(がぞうをほぞんした). This image is beautiful「この画像は美しい」(このがぞうはうつくしい). It can also refer to images displayed on screens, such as computer monitors or smartphones. The term is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal settings.
Radical
人
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N2Grade
5Frequency
530
Handwriting
kanji
興Meaning
Interest, Entertain
Reading
oko
onyomiこうkou
きょうkyou
Parts
臼Mortar 同Same ハ
Example Word
興奮: excitement. The Japanese verbal noun '興奮 (こうふん)' refers to a state of excitement, agitation, or arousal. It is often used to describe emotional or physical excitement, such as the thrill of an event or the agitation caused by a situation. For example: I felt excitement at the concert「コンサートで興奮を感じた」(コンサートでこうふんをかんじた). The crowd was in a state of excitement「群衆は興奮状態だった」(ぐんしゅうはこうふんじょうたいだった). This word can also be used in contexts like sports, debates, or even scientific discussions to describe heightened energy or tension.
Radical
臼
Stroke Count
16JLPT
N1Grade
5Frequency
532
Handwriting
kanji
雑Meaning
Miscellaneous
Reading
zou
ざつzatsu
Parts
杂 隹Bird
Example Word
雑談: chat. The Japanese verbal noun '雑談 (ざつだん)' refers to casual conversation or small talk. It is used to describe informal, light-hearted discussions that are not focused on any specific topic. This word is often used in social settings, such as during breaks at work or when catching up with friends. For example: Let's have a chat「雑談しましょう」(ざつだんしましょう). We had a nice chat yesterday「昨日はいい雑談をしました」(きのうはいいざつだんをしました). The term emphasizes the relaxed and unstructured nature of the conversation, contrasting with more formal or serious discussions.
Radical
隹
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
534
Handwriting
kanji
句Meaning
Phrase, Paragraph
Reading
ku
Parts
勹Wrap 口Mouth
Example Word
文句: phrase or complaint. The Japanese noun '文句 (もんく)' has two distinct meanings. The first and most common meaning is 'complaint', referring to an expression of dissatisfaction or grievance. For example: he always has complaints「彼はいつも文句を言う」(かれはいつももんくをいう). The second meaning is 'phrase', referring to a short, memorable expression or a set of words. For example: this phrase is catchy「この文句はキャッチーだ」(このもんくはきゃっちーだ). The context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended. When used to mean 'complaint', it often appears with verbs like 言う (いう, to say) or つける (to make). When used to mean 'phrase', it is often associated with advertising, slogans, or memorable sayings.
Radical
口
Stroke Count
5JLPT
N1Grade
5Frequency
549
Handwriting
kanji
構Meaning
Structure, Care
Reading
kama
onyomiこうkou
Parts
木Tree, Wood 冓
Example Word
機構: mechanism or organization. The Japanese noun '機構 (きこう)' can mean 'mechanism' or 'organization', depending on the context. When referring to 'mechanism', it describes the physical or functional structure of a system or device. For example: the mechanism of this clock is complex「この時計の機構は複雑だ」(このとけいのきこうはふくざつだ). When referring to 'organization', it describes an organized body or system, such as a company or institution. For example: the organization of this company is efficient「この会社の機構は効率的だ」(このかいしゃのきこうはこうりつてきだ). The word is often used in technical, scientific, or administrative contexts.
Radical
木
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
557
Handwriting
kanji
保Meaning
Preserve
Reading
tamo
onyomiほho
Parts
亻Person (人)呆
Example Word
保障: security or guarantee. The Japanese verbal noun '保障 (ほしょう)' primarily means 'guarantee' or 'security'. It refers to a promise or assurance that something will be provided or maintained, often in legal, financial, or social contexts. For example: The company provides a guarantee for its products「会社は製品に保障を提供します」(かいしゃはせいひんにほしょうをていきょうします). Social security is important for citizens「社会保障は市民にとって重要です」(しゃかいほしょうはしみんにとってじゅうようです). The word can also imply protection or assurance against risks, such as in insurance policies or contractual agreements.
Radical
人
Stroke Count
9JLPT
N1Grade
5Frequency
560
Handwriting
kanji
敵Meaning
Enemy
Reading
kataki
onyomiてきteki
Parts
啇 攵Strike
Example Word
敵: enemy. The Japanese noun '敵 (てき)' means 'enemy'. It refers to a person or group that is actively opposed or hostile to someone or something. This word is commonly used in contexts such as war, competition, or personal conflicts. For example: He is my enemy「彼は私の敵です」(かれはわたしのてきです). They defeated the enemy「彼らは敵を倒した」(かれらはてきをたおした). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe challenges or obstacles, such as 'time is the enemy'「時間は敵だ」(じかんはてきだ). Note that '敵' is a neutral term and does not carry additional emotional connotations unless specified by context.
Radical
攴
Stroke Count
15JLPT
N1Grade
5Frequency
561
Handwriting
kanji
破Meaning
Break, Tear
Reading
yabu
onyomiはha
Parts
石Stone 皮Skin
Example Word
破綻: collapse or failure. The Japanese noun '破綻 (はたん)' refers to a collapse or failure, often in the context of systems, plans, or relationships. It implies a breakdown or disintegration of something that was previously functioning. For example: the plan ended in failure「その計画は破綻した」(そのけいかくははたんした). Their marriage fell apart「彼らの結婚は破綻した」(かれらのけっこんははたんした). This word is commonly used in formal or serious contexts to describe significant failures or collapses.
Radical
石
Stroke Count
10JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
566
Handwriting
kanji
志Meaning
Intention
Reading
kokoroza
こころざしkokorozashi
onyomiしshi
Parts
心Heart 士Samurai
Example Word
志す: aim. The Japanese verb '志す (こころざす)' means 'to aim' or 'to aspire'. It is used to express a strong intention or determination to achieve a specific goal or pursue a particular path. This verb often conveys a sense of purpose or ambition. For example: she aims to become a doctor「彼女は医者になることを志している」(かのじょはいしゃになることをこころざしている). He aspires to be a great writer「彼は偉大な作家になることを志している」(かれはいだいなさっかになることをこころざしている). The verb is typically used in formal or serious contexts, emphasizing a long-term commitment to a goal.
Radical
心
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N1Grade
5Frequency
568
Handwriting
kanji
往Meaning
Journey, Go on
Reading
ou
Parts
彳Stop 主Master
Example Word
往復: roundtrip. The Japanese noun '往復 (おうふく)' refers to a round trip, meaning going to a destination and returning. It is commonly used in contexts like transportation (e.g., train or plane tickets) or communication (e.g., letters or emails). For example: I bought a round-trip ticket「往復 のチケットを買いました」(おうふくのチケットをかいました). The round-trip fare is 5,000 yen「往復料金は5000円です」(おうふくりょうきんはごせんえんです). This word can also metaphorically describe the back-and-forth nature of communication or exchanges.
Radical
彳
Stroke Count
8JLPT
N1Grade
5Frequency
573
Handwriting
kanji
示Meaning
Show, Indicate
Reading
shime
onyomiじji
しshi
Parts
二Two 小Small
Example Word
示唆: hint. The Japanese noun '示唆 (しさ)' means 'hint' or 'suggestion'. It refers to an indirect indication or clue that implies something without stating it explicitly. This word is often used in formal or intellectual contexts, such as academic discussions, literature, or professional advice. For example: The professor gave a hint about the exam questions「教授は試験問題について示唆を与えた」(きょうじゅはしけんもんだいについてしさをあたえた). Her words contained a subtle suggestion「彼女の言葉には微妙な示唆が含まれていた」(かのじょのことばにはびみょうなしさがふくまれていた). Note that '示唆' is more formal than other words like 'ヒント' (hint) or '暗示' (あんじ, implication), and it often carries a nuanced or sophisticated tone.
Radical
示
Stroke Count
5JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
574
Radical Form
礻
Handwriting
kanji
団Meaning
Group, Association
Reading
dan
とんton
Parts
囗Box 寸Measurement
Example Word
団: group. The Japanese suffix '団 (だん)' means 'group' or 'organization'. It is commonly used to form nouns that refer to organized groups of people, such as clubs, teams, or associations. For example: a sports team「スポーツ団」(すぽーつだん). a volunteer group「ボランティア団」(ぼらんてぃあだん). This suffix is often attached to nouns to indicate a collective or organized body. It can also carry a formal or official tone, depending on the context. Note that '団' is rarely used alone and typically appears as part of a compound word.
Radical
囗
Stroke Count
6JLPT
N2Grade
5Frequency
598
Handwriting
kanji
比Meaning
Compare, Ratio
Reading
kura
onyomiひhi
Example Word
比べる: compare. The Japanese verb '比べる (くらべる)' means 'to compare'. It is used when examining two or more things to identify similarities or differences. This verb is commonly used in everyday conversation and formal contexts. For example: Let's compare these two books「この二冊の本を比べましょう」(このにさつのほんをくらべましょう). I compared the prices of different stores「いろいろな店の値段を比べた」(いろいろなみせのねだんをくらべた). The verb can also imply a sense of competition, as in: She compared her skills with her friend's「彼女は自分のスキルを友達のと比べた」(かのじょはじぶんのスキルをともだちのとくらべた).
Radical
比
Stroke Count
4JLPT
N2Grade
5Frequency
604
Handwriting
kanji
応Meaning
Answer, Respond
Reading
kota
onyomiおうou
Parts
广Dotted cliff 心Heart
Example Word
一応: tentatively. The Japanese adverb '一応 (いちおう)' means 'tentatively' or 'for the time being'. It is often used to indicate that something is done as a preliminary measure, without full commitment or certainty. It can also imply that something is done just in case or as a formality. For example: I tentatively finished the report「一応レポートは終わらせた」(いちおうレポートはおわらせた). I checked it just in case「一応確認した」(いちおうかくにんした). This adverb is commonly used in casual and formal contexts to express a sense of provisionality or precaution.
Radical
心
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N1Grade
5Frequency
606
Handwriting
kanji
快Meaning
Pleasant
Reading
kokoroyo
onyomiかいkai
Parts
忄 夬Decide
Example Word
不愉快: unpleasant. The Japanese adjectival noun '不愉快 (ふゆかい)' means 'unpleasant'. It is used to describe situations, feelings, or experiences that cause discomfort, displeasure, or annoyance. This word often conveys a sense of emotional or psychological discomfort rather than physical discomfort. For example: I felt very unpleasant「とても不愉快に感じた」(とてもふゆかいにかんじた). His attitude was unpleasant「彼の態度は不愉快だった」(かれのたいどはふゆかいだった). It can also be used to describe something that is disagreeable or offensive, such as an unpleasant smell「不愉快な匂い」(ふゆかいなにおい).
Radical
心
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N2Grade
5Frequency
607
Handwriting
kanji
評Meaning
Evaluate
Reading
hyou
Parts
言Say 平Flat
Example Word
評価: evaluation or appraisal. The Japanese verbal noun '評価 (ひょうか)' refers to the act of assessing or judging the value, quality, or performance of something or someone. It is commonly used in contexts such as performance reviews, product reviews, or academic assessments. For example: The teacher gave a high evaluation to the student「先生はその生徒に高い評価を与えた」(せんせいはそのせいとにたかいひょうかをあたえた). This product received a good appraisal from customers「この商品は顧客から良い評価を受けた」(このしょうひんはこきゃくからよいひょうかをうけた). Note that '評価' can also imply a formal or systematic judgment, often used in professional or academic settings.
Radical
言
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N1Grade
5Frequency
614
Handwriting
kanji
証Meaning
Evidence
Reading
akashi
onyomiしょうshou
Parts
訁Say (言)正Correct
Example Word
保証: guarantee or warranty. The Japanese verbal noun '保証 (ほしょう)' primarily means 'guarantee' or 'warranty'. It refers to a formal assurance that certain conditions will be fulfilled, often used in legal, financial, or commercial contexts. For example, when purchasing electronics, you might receive a warranty: This product comes with a one-year warranty「この製品は1年の保証がついています」(このせいひんはいちねんのほしょうがついています). In another context, it can mean a guarantee of quality or reliability: I guarantee the quality of this product「この製品の品質を保証します」(このせいひんのひんしつをほしょうします). Note that '保証' is often used in formal or business settings and implies a binding commitment.
Radical
言
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N1Grade
5Frequency
616
Handwriting
kanji
仏Meaning
Buddha
Reading
hotoke
onyomiぶつbutsu
Parts
亻Person (人)厶Private
Example Word
念仏: prayer. The Japanese noun '念仏 (ねんぶつ)' refers to the act of chanting or reciting Buddhist prayers, specifically the name of Amida Buddha (Amitabha Buddha). This practice is central to certain schools of Pure Land Buddhism, where it is believed that chanting 'Namu Amida Butsu' (南無阿弥陀仏) can lead to rebirth in the Pure Land. The term can also be used more broadly to refer to any Buddhist prayer or invocation. For example: He chants prayers every morning「彼は毎朝念仏を唱える」(かれはまいあさねんぶつをとなえる). The old woman devoted her life to prayer「その老女は念仏に人生を捧げた」(そのろうじょはねんぶつにじんせいをささげた).
Radical
人
Stroke Count
4JLPT
N2Grade
5Frequency
622
Handwriting
kanji
留Meaning
Stay, Detain
Reading
to
onyomiりゅうryuu
るru
Example Word
留まる: stop. The Japanese verb '留まる (とまる)' primarily means 'to stop'. It is used to indicate that something or someone comes to a halt or ceases movement. This verb can be applied to both physical and abstract contexts. For example: the train stopped「電車が留まった」(でんしゃがとまった). The conversation stopped「会話が留まった」(かいわがとまった). It's important to note that '留まる' can also imply a temporary pause or staying in a place for a short period, but the core meaning remains centered around the concept of stopping.
Radical
田
Stroke Count
10JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
626
Handwriting
kanji
罪Meaning
Sin, Guilt
Reading
tsumi
onyomiざいzai
Parts
罒Net 非Mistake, Negative
Example Word
犯罪: crime. The Japanese noun '犯罪 (はんざい)' means 'crime'. It refers to an act that is against the law and punishable by the legal system. This word is commonly used in legal, social, and everyday contexts to describe illegal activities. For example: The police are investigating the crime「警察は犯罪を調査しています」(けいさつははんざいをちょうさしています). He was arrested for committing a crime「彼は犯罪を犯して逮捕された」(かれははんざいをおかしてたいほされた). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as discussing crime rates or societal issues related to crime.
Radical
网
Stroke Count
13JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
628
Handwriting
kanji
退Meaning
Retreat
Reading
shirizo
onyomiたいtai
Parts
⻌Walk 艮Stopping
Example Word
退院: discharge. The Japanese verbal noun '退院 (たいいん)' refers to the act of being discharged from a hospital or medical facility after receiving treatment. It is commonly used in medical contexts to indicate that a patient has recovered sufficiently to leave the hospital. For example: The patient was discharged from the hospital「患者は退院しました」(かんじゃはたいいんしました). She will be discharged tomorrow「彼女は明日退院します」(かのじょはあしたたいいんします). Note that '退院' is often used in formal or medical settings and implies a sense of recovery or completion of treatment.
Radical
辵
Stroke Count
9JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
633
Handwriting
kanji
富Meaning
Wealth, Rich
Reading
to
とみtomi
onyomiふfu
ふうfuu
Parts
宀Roof 畐Fill
Example Word
豊富: abundant. The Japanese adjectival noun '豊富 (ほうふ)' means 'abundant' or 'plentiful'. It is used to describe a large quantity or variety of something, often in a positive context. For example: This region has abundant resources「この地域は資源が豊富だ」(このちいきはしげんがほうふだ). The library has a plentiful collection of books「図書館には本が豊富にある」(としょかんにはほんがほうふにある). '豊富' is commonly used in both formal and informal settings to emphasize the richness or sufficiency of something.
Radical
宀
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
649
Handwriting
kanji
報Meaning
Report, News
Reading
muku
onyomiほうhou
Parts
幸Happiness
Example Word
電報: telegram. The Japanese noun '電報 (でんぽう)' refers to a 'telegram', which is a message sent by telegraph and then delivered in written or printed form. This term is somewhat outdated in modern times due to the prevalence of digital communication, but it is still understood and occasionally used in formal or historical contexts. Example sentences: I received a telegram「電報を受け取った」(でんぽうをうけとった). Send a telegram to inform them「彼らに知らせるために電報を送る」(かれらにしらせるためにでんぽうをおくる).
Radical
土
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
655
Handwriting
kanji
再Meaning
Again, Twice
Reading
futata
onyomiさsa
さいsai
Parts
一One 冉
Example Word
再来年: year after next. The Japanese noun '再来年 (さらいねん)' refers to 'the year after next'. It is used to indicate a time two years from the current year. This term is commonly used in planning or discussing future events that are not immediate but still within a relatively near timeframe. For example: I will graduate the year after next「再来年に卒業します」(さらいねんにそつぎょうします). We are planning to move the year after next「再来年に引っ越す予定です」(さらいねんにひっこすよていです). Note that '再来年' is a specific term and should not be confused with '来年 (らいねん)', which means 'next year'.
Radical
冂
Stroke Count
6JLPT
N2Grade
5Frequency
658
Handwriting
kanji
永Meaning
Eternity
Reading
naga
onyomiえいei
Parts
水Water 丶Dot
Example Word
永久: eternal. The Japanese adjectival noun '永久 (えいきゅう)' means 'eternal' or 'permanent'. It is used to describe something that lasts forever or has no end. This word is often used in contexts related to time, nature, or abstract concepts. For example: eternal love「永久の愛」(えいきゅうのあい). The beauty of this place is eternal「この場所の美しさは永久だ」(このばしょのうつくしさはえいきゅうだ). Note that '永久' is often used in formal or poetic contexts to emphasize the timeless nature of something.
Radical
水
Stroke Count
5JLPT
N2Grade
5Frequency
664
Handwriting
kanji
職Meaning
Employment
Reading
shoku
Parts
耳Ear 戠
Example Word
職人: craftsman. The Japanese noun '職人 (しょくにん)' refers to a skilled craftsman or artisan who specializes in a particular trade or craft. This term is often used to describe individuals who have honed their skills through years of practice and dedication, such as carpenters, potters, or blacksmiths. The word carries a connotation of high skill, precision, and tradition. For example: The craftsman made a beautiful vase「職人が美しい花瓶を作りました」(しょくにんがうつくしいかびんをつくりました). He is a master craftsman「彼は職人の達人です」(かれはしょくにんのたつじんです). The term is deeply respected in Japanese culture, often associated with the concept of 'monozukuri' (物作り), which emphasizes the spirit of craftsmanship and the pursuit of perfection.
Radical
耳
Stroke Count
18JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
671
Handwriting
kanji
個Meaning
Individual
Reading
ka
こko
Parts
亻Person (人)固Hard
Example Word
個性: individuality. The Japanese noun '個性 (こせい)' refers to 'individuality' or the unique characteristics that distinguish one person or thing from others. It is often used in contexts discussing personal traits, creativity, or the distinct qualities of a person or object. For example: She has a strong individuality「彼女は強い個性を持っている」(かのじょはつよいこせいをもっている). This artist's work reflects his individuality「このアーティストの作品は彼の個性を反映している」(このアーティストのさくひんはかれのこせいをはんえいしている). The word is commonly used in educational, artistic, and professional settings to emphasize the importance of uniqueness.
Radical
人
Stroke Count
10JLPT
N2Grade
5Frequency
678
Handwriting
kanji
演Meaning
Perform
Reading
en
Parts
氵Water (水)寅
Example Word
演技: acting. The Japanese noun '演技 (えんぎ)' refers to the act of performing or portraying a role, typically in theater, film, or other performing arts. It can also be used more broadly to describe someone's behavior or actions that seem artificial or exaggerated, as if they are 'putting on an act.' For example: Her acting was amazing「彼女の演技は素晴らしかった」(かのじょのえんぎはすばらしかった). He is just pretending, it's all an act「彼はただの演技をしている」(かれはただのえんぎをしている). The word is commonly used in contexts related to drama, entertainment, or situations where someone's behavior is not genuine.
Radical
水
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
689
Handwriting
kanji
任Meaning
Duty, Responsibility
Reading
maka
onyomiにんnin
Parts
亻Person (人)壬
Example Word
就任: inauguration. The Japanese verbal noun '就任 (しゅうにん)' refers to the act of assuming a position or office, often used in formal contexts such as politics, business, or organizations. It implies the official start of a new role or responsibility. For example: The president's inauguration ceremony was held yesterday「大統領の就任式は昨日行われた」(だいとうりょうのしゅうにんしきはきのうおこなわれた). He assumed the position of CEO「彼はCEOに就任した」(かれはしーいーおーにしゅうにんした). The term is commonly used in news reports, official announcements, and formal speeches.
Radical
人
Stroke Count
6JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
690
Handwriting
kanji
接Meaning
Contact, Touch
Reading
tsu
onyomiせつsetsu
Parts
扌Hand (手)妾
Example Word
間接: indirect. The Japanese noun '間接 (かんせつ)' means 'indirect'. It refers to something that is not directly connected or involved, often implying an intermediary or secondary relationship. This term is commonly used in contexts such as communication, influence, or methods. For example: indirect communication「間接的なコミュニケーション」(かんせつてきなコミュニケーション). The company used indirect methods to gather information「その会社は情報を集めるために間接的な方法を使った」(そのかいしゃはじょうほうをあつめるためにかんせつてきなほうほうをつかった). Note that '間接' is often used in compound words or phrases to describe indirect actions or relationships.
Radical
手
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N2Grade
5Frequency
694
Handwriting
kanji
弁Meaning
Valve, Dialect
Reading
ben
Parts
厶Private 廾Twenty
Example Word
弁護士: lawyer. The Japanese noun '弁護士 (べんごし)' refers to a 'lawyer' or 'attorney'. This term specifically denotes a legal professional who is qualified to represent clients in court, provide legal advice, and handle legal matters. In Japan, becoming a 弁護士 requires passing the national bar examination and completing legal training. Example sentences: I consulted a lawyer「弁護士に相談した」(べんごしにそうだんした). The lawyer defended the client「弁護士は依頼人を弁護した」(べんごしはいらいにんをべんごした). Note that 弁護士 is distinct from other legal professionals like 司法書士 (しほうしょし, judicial scrivener) or 行政書士 (ぎょうせいしょし, administrative scrivener).
Radical
廾
Stroke Count
5JLPT
N1Grade
5Frequency
704
Handwriting
kanji
枝Meaning
Branch
Reading
eda
onyomiしshi
Parts
木Tree, Wood 支Branch, Support
Example Word
枝: branch. The Japanese noun '枝 (えだ)' refers to a 'branch' of a tree or plant. It is used to describe the part of a tree that grows out from the trunk or another branch, often bearing leaves, flowers, or fruit. This word can also be used metaphorically to describe branches of a family, organization, or other structures. For example: The bird is sitting on the branch「鳥が枝に止まっている」(とりがえだにとまっている). The tree has many branches「その木にはたくさんの枝がある」(そのきにはたくさんのえだがある). In a metaphorical sense, it can be used as in 'the branch of a company'「会社の枝」(かいしゃのえだ).
Radical
木
Stroke Count
8JLPT
N2Grade
5Frequency
706
Handwriting
kanji
務Meaning
Duty, Task
Reading
tsuto
onyomiむmu
Parts
矛Halberd 务
Example Word
事務員: clerk. The Japanese noun '事務員 (じむいん)' refers to a 'clerk' or 'office worker'. This term is commonly used to describe someone who performs administrative or clerical tasks in an office setting. It is a neutral term and does not imply any specific rank or seniority. For example: She works as a clerk「彼女は事務員として働いています」(かのじょはじむいんとしてはたらいています). The clerk is organizing the documents「事務員が書類を整理しています」(じむいんがしょるいをせいりしています). This word is often used in professional or formal contexts to describe someone handling routine office duties.
Radical
力
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
709
Handwriting
kanji
因Meaning
Cause
Reading
yo
onyomiいんin
Parts
口Mouth 大Big
Example Word
因 み: reference. The Japanese noun '因み (ちなみ)' is used to introduce additional information or a related fact, often as an aside or a footnote to the main topic. It is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese to provide context or background information. For example: By the way, he is also a musician「因みに、彼はミュージシャンでもあります」(ちなみに、かれはミュージシャンでもあります). As a reference, this book was published last year「因みに、この本は去年出版されました」(ちなみに、このほんはきょねんしゅっぱんされました). The word is often used with the particle 'に' to form '因みに (ちなみに)', which functions similarly to 'by the way' or 'for your information' in English.
Radical
囗
Stroke Count
6JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
717
Handwriting
kanji
易Meaning
Easy
Reading
yasa
onyomiえきeki
いi
Parts
日Day, Sun 勿Must not
Example Word
容易: easy. The Japanese adjectival noun '容易 (ようい)' means 'easy' or 'simple'. It is used to describe tasks, situations, or actions that require little effort or are straightforward. This word often carries a formal tone and is commonly used in written or formal speech. For example: This problem is easy to solve「この問題は容易に解決できる」(このもんだいはよういにかいけつできる). It is not easy to achieve success「成功を収めるのは容易ではない」(せいこうをおさめるのはよういではない). Note that '容易' is often paired with verbs like 'できる' or 'ではない' to express feasibility or difficulty.
Radical
日
Stroke Count
8JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
718
Handwriting
kanji
条Meaning
Clause
Reading
jou
Parts
攵Strike 木Tree, Wood
Example Word
条件: condition. The Japanese noun '条件 (じょうけん)' means 'condition'. It refers to a requirement, stipulation, or prerequisite that must be met for something to happen or be valid. This word is commonly used in contexts such as contracts, agreements, or when setting rules. For example: The condition for approval is hard work「承認の条件は努力です」(しょうにんのじょうけんはどりょくです). We agreed on the terms and conditions「私たちは条件に合意しました」(わたしたちはじょうけんにごういしました). It can also be used in everyday situations, such as discussing conditions for a job or a relationship.
Radical
木
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N1Grade
5Frequency
720
Handwriting
kanji
境Meaning
Boundary, Border
Reading
sakai
onyomiけいkei
きょうkyou
Parts
土Soil 竟
Example Word
境界: boundary. The Japanese noun '境界 (きょうかい)' refers to a boundary or border, often used to describe a physical or conceptual line separating two areas, ideas, or states. It can be used in various contexts, such as geographical boundaries, personal limits, or abstract distinctions. For example: the boundary between the two countries「二つの国の境界」(ふたつのくにのきょうかい). The boundary between dreams and reality「夢と現実の境界」(ゆめとげんじつのきょうかい). This word is commonly used in both literal and metaphorical contexts, emphasizing the idea of separation or division.
Radical
土
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N2Grade
5Frequency
722
Handwriting
kanji
布Meaning
Cloth, Linen
Reading
nuno
onyomiふfu
Example Word
布団: futon. The Japanese noun '布団 (ふとん)' refers to a traditional Japanese-style bedding, which typically includes a mattress and a duvet. Futons are designed to be laid directly on the floor and are commonly used in Japanese homes. They are known for their portability and space-saving qualities, as they can be folded and stored away during the day. Example sentences: I spread out the futon「布団を敷いた」(ふとんをしいた). The futon is comfortable「布団は気持ちいい」(ふとんはきもちいい).
Radical
巾
Stroke Count
5JLPT
N2Grade
5Frequency
728
Handwriting
kanji
制Meaning
System, Control
Reading
sei
Parts
刂Sword (刀)牛Cow 巾Towel
Example Word
制服: uniform. The Japanese noun '制服 (せいふく)' refers to a 'uniform', typically worn by students, employees, or members of an organization. It is commonly associated with school uniforms in Japan, which are a significant part of the culture. For example: I wear a uniform to school「私は学校に制服を着ます」(わたしはがっこうにせいふくをきます). The company requires employees to wear uniforms「会社は従業員に制服を着ることを要求します」(かいしゃはじゅうぎょういんにせいふくをきることをようきゅうします). The word can also be used more broadly to refer to any standardized clothing worn by a group.
Radical
刀
Stroke Count
8JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
730
Handwriting
kanji
祖Meaning
Ancestor
Reading
so
Parts
礻Cult (示)且Moreover, Also
Example Word
お祖母さん: grandmother. The Japanese noun 'お祖母さん (おばあさん)' refers to one's grandmother. It is a polite and respectful term commonly used to address or refer to one's own grandmother or someone else's grandmother. This term is often used in family contexts and carries a sense of affection and respect. For example: my grandmother is kind「私のお祖母さんは優しい」(わたしのおばあさんはやさしい). I visited my grandmother yesterday「昨日、お祖母さんを訪ねました」(きのう、おばあさんをたずねました). It's important to note that 'お祖母さん' can also be used more broadly to refer to elderly women in general, often as a term of respect.
Radical
示
Stroke Count
9JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
737
Handwriting
kanji
移Meaning
Move, Transfer
Reading
utsu
onyomiいi
Parts
禾Cereal 多Many
Example Word
移植: transplant. The Japanese noun '移植 (いしょく)' means 'transplant'. It is commonly used in medical contexts to refer to the process of moving an organ, tissue, or cells from one body to another, or from one part of the body to another. It can also be used in non-medical contexts, such as transplanting plants. For example: He received a heart transplant「彼は心臓の移植を受けた」(かれはしんぞうのいしょくをうけた). The farmer transplanted the seedlings「農夫は苗を移植した」(のうふはなえをいしょくした). The word is neutral in tone and can be used in both formal and informal settings.
Radical
禾
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N2Grade
5Frequency
742
Handwriting
kanji
織Meaning
Weave
Reading
o
onyomiしょくshoku
しきshiki
Parts
糸Thread 戠
Example Word
織物: textile. The Japanese noun '織物 (おりもの)' refers to 'textile' or 'woven fabric'. It is used to describe any material made by weaving, knitting, or felting fibers together. This term is commonly used in contexts related to clothing, crafts, and traditional Japanese arts. For example: This textile is beautiful「この織物は美しい」(このおりものはうつくしい). She bought a traditional Japanese textile「彼女は伝統的な日本の織物を買った」(かのじょはでんとうてきなにほんのおりものをかった). The word can also refer to the art or process of weaving itself.
Radical
糸
Stroke Count
18JLPT
N1Grade
5Frequency
766
Handwriting
kanji
銭Meaning
Money, Coin
Reading
zeni
onyomiせんsen
Parts
釒Gold (金)㦮
Example Word
金銭: money. The Japanese noun '金銭 (きんせん)' refers to 'money' in a general sense, often emphasizing its tangible or financial aspect. It is commonly used in formal or legal contexts to discuss financial matters, transactions, or wealth. For example: money is important in life「金銭は人生で重要です」(きんせんはじんせいでじゅうようです). He lost all his money「彼は金銭をすべて失った」(かれはきんせんをすべてうしなった). The word can also carry a slightly formal or serious tone, distinguishing it from more casual terms like 'お金 (おかね)'.
Radical
金
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N1Grade
5Frequency
768
Handwriting
kanji
述Meaning
State, Mention
Reading
no
onyomiじゅつjutsu
Parts
⻌Walk 朮
Example Word
前述: aforementioned. The Japanese noun '前述 (ぜんじゅつ)' means 'aforementioned' or 'previously mentioned'. It is used to refer to something that has already been stated or discussed earlier in a conversation, text, or context. This term is often used in formal or written contexts to avoid repetition and to refer back to earlier points. For example: as aforementioned, the plan has changed「前述のとおり、計画は変更されました」(ぜんじゅつのとおり、けいかくはへんこうされました). The aforementioned issue will be addressed later「前述の問題は後で取り上げます」(ぜんじゅつのもんだいはあとでとりあげます).
Radical
辵
Stroke Count
8JLPT
N2Grade
5Frequency
769
Handwriting
kanji
価Meaning
Price
Reading
atai
onyomiかka
Parts
亻Person (人)西West
Example Word
価額: value or price. The Japanese noun '価額 (かがく)' refers to the monetary value or price of something. It is often used in formal or business contexts to discuss the cost or valuation of goods, services, or assets. For example: the price of the product「その商品の価額」(そのしょうひんのかがく). The value of the property「その不動産の価額」(そのふどうさんのかがく). This term is more formal and less commonly used in everyday conversation compared to words like '値段 (ねだん)' or '価格 (かかく)', which also mean 'price'.
Radical
人
Stroke Count
8JLPT
N1Grade
5Frequency
775
Handwriting
kanji
護Meaning
Protect, Defend
Reading
mamo
onyomiごgo
Parts
訁Say (言)蒦
Example Word
保護者: guardian. The Japanese noun '保護者 (ほごしゃ)' refers to a person who has the legal responsibility to care for and protect someone, typically a child or someone unable to care for themselves. This term is commonly used in educational or legal contexts to describe parents, legal guardians, or custodians. For example: The guardian attended the school meeting「保護者が学校の会議に出席した」(ほごしゃががっこうのかいぎにしゅっせきした). The guardian signed the permission slip「保護者が許可書に署名した」(ほごしゃがきょかしょにしょめいした). It is important to note that '保護者' is a formal term and is often used in official documents or settings.
Radical
言
Stroke Count
20JLPT
N1Grade
5Frequency
783
Handwriting
kanji
承Meaning
Consent
Reading
uketamawa
onyomiしょうshou
Parts
手Hand
Example Word
伝承: folklore. The Japanese noun '伝承 (でんしょう)' refers to 'folklore' or 'oral tradition'. It encompasses stories, customs, beliefs, and practices that are passed down through generations, often orally. This term is deeply rooted in cultural heritage and is used to describe the collective memory and traditions of a community. For example: This village is rich in folklore「この村は伝承が豊かだ」(このむらはでんしょうがゆたかだ). The festival is based on ancient folklore「その祭りは古い伝承に基づいている」(そのまつりはふるいでんしょうにもとづいている).
Radical
手
Stroke Count
8JLPT
N2Grade
5Frequency
786
Handwriting
kanji
群Meaning
Group, Flock
Reading
mu
むらmura
onyomiぐんgun
Parts
君Ruler, You 羊Sheep
Example Word
群れ: group. The Japanese noun '群れ (むれ)' refers to a 'group' or 'flock' of living beings, typically animals or people, gathered together. It is often used to describe a natural gathering, such as a flock of birds or a herd of animals. For example: a flock of birds「鳥の群れ」(とりのむれ). A group of children playing「遊んでいる子供たちの群れ」(あそんでいるこどもたちのむれ). The word emphasizes the collective nature of the gathering, often implying movement or activity as a unit.
Radical
羊
Stroke Count
13JLPT
N2Grade
5Frequency
790
Handwriting
kanji
領Meaning
Territory
Reading
ryou
Parts
令Orders 頁Page
Example Word
大 統領: president. The Japanese noun '大統領 (だいとうりょう)' refers to the 'president' of a country, particularly in the context of a republic or democratic nation. It is commonly used to describe the head of state or government in countries like the United States. For example: The president gave a speech「大統領が演説をした」(だいとうりょうがえんぜつをした). The president visited Japan「大統領が日本を訪問した」(だいとうりょうがにほんをほうもんした). This term is specific to political leaders and is not used for other types of leaders or executives.
Radical
頁
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N2Grade
5Frequency
797
Handwriting