Jōyō KanjiOrganized by Stroke Count

kanji

Meaning

Think

Reading

Parts

心Heart 田Rice field

Example Word

思う: think. The Japanese verb '思う (おもう)' means 'to think'. It is used to express thoughts, opinions, or feelings about something. This verb is often used in casual and formal contexts to convey personal beliefs or impressions. For example: I think it's interesting「それは面白いと思う」(それはおもしろいとおもう). He thinks she is kind「彼は彼女が優しいと思う」(かれはかのじょがやさしいとおもう). It can also be used to express uncertainty or speculation, as in 'I think it might rain「雨が降ると思う」(あめがふるとおもう)'. Note that '思う' is often paired with particles like 'と' or 'を' to indicate the object of thought.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

9

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Before, Front

Reading

Parts

䒑Herbs 月Moon, Month 刂Sword (刀)

Example Word

戦前: prewar. The Japanese noun '戦前 (せんぜん)' refers to the period before a war, specifically the time before World War II in Japan. It is often used in historical contexts to describe events, policies, or societal conditions that existed prior to the war. For example: Life in Japan before the war was different「戦前の日本での生活は違っていた」(せんぜんのにほんでのせいかつはちがっていた). Prewar architecture is still preserved in some areas「戦前の建築はまだいくつかの地域で保存されている」(せんぜんのけんちくはまだいくつかのちいきでほぞんされている). The term is commonly used in discussions about history, culture, and politics.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

32

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

After, Behind

Reading

Parts

彳Stop 夂Late 幺Slight

Example Word

午後: afternoon. The Japanese noun '午後 (ごご)' refers to the time period of the 'afternoon'. It is commonly used to indicate the time of day from around 12:00 PM (noon) until evening, typically around 5:00 PM or 6:00 PM. This word is often used in schedules, appointments, or when specifying time. For example: I have a meeting in the afternoon「午後に会議があります」(ごごにかいぎがあります). Let's meet at 3 PM in the afternoon「午後3時に会いましょう」(ごごさんじにあいましょう). Note that '午後' is often paired with specific times, such as '午後2時 (ごごにじ)' for 2:00 PM.

Radical

彳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

45

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hold

Reading

Parts

寺Temple 扌Hand (手)

Example Word

維持: maintenance. The Japanese verbal noun '維持 (いじ)' means 'maintenance'. It refers to the act of keeping something in its current state or condition, or preserving it. This word is often used in contexts related to maintaining systems, relationships, health, or order. For example: maintenance of peace「平和の維持」(へいわのいじ). Maintaining good health「健康を維持する」(けんこうをいじする). It can also be used in technical or mechanical contexts, such as maintaining equipment「設備の維持」(せつびのいじ).

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

47

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Shop, Roof

Reading

Parts

尸Corpse 至Arrive, Climax

Example Word

不動産屋: real estate agent. The Japanese noun '不動産屋 (ふどうさんや)' refers to a 'real estate agent' or 'real estate agency'. This term is used to describe a person or business that deals with the buying, selling, and renting of properties. It is commonly used in everyday conversations when discussing housing or property matters. For example: I went to the real estate agent to find a new apartment「新しいアパートを探しに不動産屋に行った」(あたらしいアパートをさがしにふどうさんやにいった). The real estate agent showed us several houses「不動産屋が私たちにいくつかの家を見せてくれた」(ふどうさんやがわたしたちにいくつかのいえをみせてくれた).

Radical

尸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

49

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Degrees, Times

Reading

Parts

广Dotted cliff 又Again 廿Twenty

Example Word

支度: preparation. The Japanese verbal noun '支度 (したく)' refers to the act of preparing or getting ready for something. It is commonly used in contexts where someone is preparing for an event, trip, or daily activities. For example: I need to prepare for the trip「旅行の支度をしなければならない」(りょこうのしたくをしなければならない). She is getting ready for work「彼女は仕事の支度をしている」(かのじょはしごとのしたくをしている). The word often implies a sense of readiness or arranging things in advance. It can also be used in a more general sense, such as preparing a meal「食事の支度をする」(しょくじのしたくをする).

Radical

广

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

58

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Young man, Guy

Reading

Parts

良Good ⻏Mound (阜)

Example Word

野郎: guy or jerk. The Japanese noun '野郎 (やろう)' has two distinct meanings depending on the context. The first meaning is a casual or informal way to refer to a 'guy' or 'dude', often used among friends or in a neutral tone. For example: That guy is my friend「あの野郎は友達だ」(あのやろうはともだちだ). The second meaning is more derogatory, referring to someone as a 'jerk' or 'idiot', often used when expressing frustration or anger. For example: That jerk ruined everything「あの野郎が全部台無しにした」(あのやろうがぜんぶだいなしにした). The tone and context are crucial in determining which meaning is intended, as the word can range from neutral to highly offensive.

Radical

邑

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

62

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Face, Surface

Reading

Parts

丆Cliff (厂)囗Box 丨Stick 二Two

Example Word

表面: surface. The Japanese noun '表面 (ひょうめん)' refers to the 'surface' of an object or a concept. It can be used to describe the outer layer or the visible part of something, whether physical or abstract. For example: the surface of the water「水の表面」(みずのひょうめん). The surface of the problem「問題の表面」(もんだいのひょうめん). This word is often used in both literal and metaphorical contexts, emphasizing what is immediately visible or apparent, as opposed to deeper or hidden aspects.

Radical

面

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

80

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

God

Reading

Parts

礻Cult (示)申Report

Example Word

神経: nerve. The Japanese noun '神経 (しんけい)' primarily means 'nerve' in the biological sense, referring to the fibers that transmit impulses of sensation and motion between the brain or spinal cord and other parts of the body. It can also be used metaphorically to describe sensitivity or attention to detail in various contexts. For example: He has a lot of nerve「彼は神経が太い」(かれはしんけいがふとい). She is very sensitive to noise「彼女は音に神経が細い」(かのじょはおとにしんけいがほそい). In medical contexts, it is often used to discuss conditions or treatments related to the nervous system, such as '神経痛 (しんけいつう)' which means 'neuralgia'.

Radical

示

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

99

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wind, Style

Reading

Parts

虫Insect 凡Common

Example Word

和風: japanese style. The Japanese noun '和風 (わふう)' refers to something that is in the Japanese style or has Japanese characteristics. It is often used to describe architecture, food, or design that incorporates traditional Japanese elements. For example: This restaurant serves Japanese-style dishes「このレストランは和風の料理を出す」(このレストランはわふうのりょうりをだす). The room is decorated in a Japanese style「その部屋は和風に飾られている」(そのへやはわふうにかざられている). The term can also be used more broadly to describe anything that embodies the aesthetics or traditions of Japan.

Radical

風

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

102

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Mutual

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 目Eye

Example Word

相撲: sumo. The Japanese noun '相撲 (すもう)' refers to the traditional Japanese sport of sumo wrestling. Sumo is a competitive full-contact wrestling sport where a wrestler (rikishi) aims to force his opponent out of a circular ring (dohyō) or to touch the ground with any part of his body other than the soles of his feet. Sumo has deep cultural and historical significance in Japan, often associated with Shinto rituals. Example sentences: I enjoy watching sumo「相撲を見るのが好きです」(すもうをみるのがすきです). Sumo wrestlers are very strong「相撲取りはとても強いです」(すもうとりはとてもつよいです).

Radical

目

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

104

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Beautiful

Reading

Parts

𦍌Sheep (羊)大Big

Example Word

美しい: beautiful. The Japanese adjective '美しい (うつくしい)' means 'beautiful'. It is used to describe something that is aesthetically pleasing, whether it be a person, object, scenery, or even an abstract concept like a sound or an idea. This word carries a sense of elegance and purity. For example: The scenery is beautiful「景色が美しい」(けしきがうつくしい). Her voice is beautiful「彼女の声は美しい」(かのじょのこえはうつくしい). It can also be used in a more poetic or emotional sense, such as describing a beautiful moment or feeling.

Radical

羊

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

144

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sound

Reading

Parts

立Stand 日Day, Sun

Example Word

音読み: on reading. The Japanese verbal noun '音読み (おんよみ)' refers to the 'on-reading' or Chinese-derived reading of a kanji character. This reading is typically used in compound words and is derived from the original Chinese pronunciation of the character. For example: the on-reading of 水 is すい「水の音読みはすいです」(みずのおんよみはすいです). The on-reading of 山 is さん「山の音読みはさんです」(やまのおんよみはさんです). It's important to note that many kanji have multiple on-readings depending on the context in which they are used.

Radical

音

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

145

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Trust

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)言Say

Example Word

信号: signal. The Japanese noun '信号 (しんごう)' primarily means 'signal'. It is commonly used to refer to traffic signals, such as traffic lights, but can also refer to other types of signals, such as electrical signals or communication signals. For example: The traffic signal turned red「信号が赤になった」(しんごうがあかになった). The signal is weak「信号が弱い」(しんごうがよわい). This word is often used in everyday conversations, especially when discussing traffic or technology.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

151

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Eat, Food

Reading

Parts

人Person 良Good

Example Word

昼食: lunch. The Japanese noun '昼食 (ちゅうしょく)' means 'lunch'. It refers to the midday meal, typically eaten around noon. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: I ate lunch at the cafeteria「私は食堂で昼食を食べた」(わたしはしょくどうでちゅうしょくをたべた). Let's have lunch together「一緒に昼食を食べましょう」(いっしょにちゅうしょくをたべましょう). The word can also be used in compound phrases like '昼食時間 (ちゅうしょくじかん)' meaning 'lunchtime'.

Radical

食

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

153

Radical Form

飠

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Change, Abnormal

Reading

Parts

亦 夂Late

Example Word

変更: change. The Japanese verbal noun '変更 (へんこう)' means 'change' and refers to the act of altering or modifying something. It is commonly used in formal or technical contexts, such as changing plans, schedules, or settings. For example: I made a change to the schedule「スケジュールを変更しました」(すけじゅーるをへんこうしました). Please change the settings「設定を変更してください」(せっていをへんこうしてください). Note that '変更' is often used with the particle 'を' to indicate the object being changed, as in '変更をする (へんこうをする)' (to make a change).

Radical

夂

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

163

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Heavy

Reading

Parts

里Hometown 千Thousand

Example Word

重たい: heavy. The Japanese adjective '重たい (おもたい)' means 'heavy'. It is used to describe something that has a significant weight or feels burdensome. This word can be used for physical objects, as well as abstract concepts like emotions or responsibilities. For example: this box is heavy「この箱は重たい」(このはこはおもたい). My heart feels heavy「私の心が重たい」(わたしのこころがおもたい). Note that '重たい' is often used in casual speech, while '重い (おもい)' is more formal and can also mean 'serious' or 'important' in certain contexts.

Radical

里

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

179

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Departure

Reading

Parts

癶Dotted tent 开Open

Example Word

開発: development. The Japanese verbal noun '開発 (かいはつ)' means 'development'. It is commonly used in contexts related to the creation, improvement, or advancement of products, technologies, areas, or ideas. For example: the development of new technology「新しい技術の開発」(あたらしいぎじゅつのかいはつ). This area is under development「この地域は開発中です」(このちいきはかいはつちゅうです). It can also refer to the exploitation of resources, such as in 'land development'「土地の開発」(とちのかいはつ). The word is neutral and widely applicable across industries, including technology, real estate, and education.

Radical

癶

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

188

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Lively

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)舌Tongue

Example Word

生活: life. The Japanese verbal noun '生活 (せいかつ)' refers to 'life' in the sense of daily living or livelihood. It encompasses the activities, routines, and conditions that constitute a person's way of living. This term is often used in contexts related to lifestyle, living conditions, and daily necessities. For example: I want to improve my life「生活を改善したい」(せいかつをかいぜんしたい). His life is very busy「彼の生活はとても忙しい」(かれのせいかつはとてもいそがしい). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '日常生活 (にちじょうせいかつ)' meaning 'daily life'.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

193

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sea

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)毎Every

Example Word

海: sea. The Japanese noun '海 (うみ)' means 'sea'. It refers to the large body of salt water that covers most of the Earth's surface. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and literature to describe the ocean or a specific sea. For example: I went to the sea「海に行きました」(うみにいきました). The sea is beautiful today「今日の海はきれいです」(きょうのうみはきれいです). It can also be used in compound words, such as '海辺 (うみべ)' meaning 'seaside' or 'beach'.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

219

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Important, Need

Reading

Parts

覀 女Woman

Example Word

需要: demand. The Japanese noun '需要 (じゅよう)' means 'demand'. It is commonly used in economic, business, and market contexts to refer to the desire or need for goods, services, or resources. For example: the demand for electric cars is increasing「電気自動車の需要が増えている」(でんきじどうしゃのじゅようがふえている). There is high demand for skilled workers「熟練労働者の需要が高い」(じゅくれんろうどうしゃのじゅようがたかい). This word is often paired with '供給 (きょうきゅう)' (supply) to discuss market dynamics, as in 'supply and demand'「需要と供給」(じゅようときょうきゅう).

Radical

西

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

220

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Fly

Reading

Parts

升Sho, Measuring box

Example Word

飛び上がる: jump. The Japanese verb '飛び上がる (とびあがる)' means 'to jump up' or 'to leap up'. It is often used to describe a sudden, energetic upward movement, either physically or metaphorically. For example: The cat jumped up when it heard the noise「猫は音を聞いて飛び上がった」(ねこはおとをきいてとびあがった). He jumped up in surprise「彼は驚いて飛び上がった」(かれはおどろいてとびあがった). This verb can also be used to express excitement or shock, as in '飛び上がるほど嬉しい (とびあがるほどうれしい)' (so happy that one could jump for joy).

Radical

飛

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

229

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wait

Reading

Parts

寺Temple 彳Stop

Example Word

待合室: waiting room. The Japanese noun '待合室 (まちあいしつ)' refers to a 'waiting room', a place where people wait, typically in places like hospitals, clinics, train stations, or offices. It is a compound word formed from '待つ (まつ)' meaning 'to wait', '合う (あう)' meaning 'to meet', and '室 (しつ)' meaning 'room'. This term is commonly used in various formal and informal settings. Example sentences: Please wait in the waiting room「待合室で待ってください」(まちあいしつでまってください). The waiting room is crowded「待合室は混雑しています」(まちあいしつはこんざつしています).

Radical

彳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

241

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Grass

Reading

Parts

早Early, Fast 艹Grass

Example Word

草花: flowers. The Japanese noun '草花 (くさばな)' refers to 'flowers' or 'flowering plants'. It is a compound word combining '草 (くさ)' meaning 'grass' or 'herb' and '花 (はな)' meaning 'flower'. This term is often used to describe small, delicate flowers or plants that grow naturally, such as wildflowers or garden flowers. It carries a gentle and natural connotation, often evoking imagery of nature and beauty. Example sentences: I love the flowers in this garden「この庭の草花が大好きです」(このにわのくさばながだいすきです). The flowers bloom beautifully in spring「春に草花が美しく咲きます」(はるにくさばながうつくしくさきます).

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

250

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Shape, Figure

Reading

Parts

女Woman 次Next

Example Word

姿: figure. The Japanese noun '姿 (すがた)' refers to a person's figure, appearance, or form. It is often used to describe the physical shape or silhouette of someone or something, and can also imply the presence or absence of a person. For example: her figure disappeared into the crowd「彼女の姿は群衆の中に消えた」(かのじょのすがたはぐんしゅうのなかにきえた). The figure of a mountain in the distance「遠くに山の姿が見える」(とおくにやまのすがたがみえる). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe the state or condition of something, such as 'the figure of a company'「会社の姿」(かいしゃのすがた).

Radical

女

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

263

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Urgent

Reading

Parts

心Heart 刍Mow

Example Word

急激: rapid or sudden. The Japanese adjectival noun '急激 (きゅうげき)' describes something that happens suddenly or changes rapidly. It is often used to describe abrupt changes in situations, conditions, or trends. For example: a sudden increase in temperature「気温の急激な上昇」(きおんのきゅうげきなじょうしょう). The rapid growth of technology「技術の急激な進歩」(ぎじゅつのきゅうげきなしんぽ). This word emphasizes the speed and intensity of the change, making it suitable for both positive and negative contexts.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

283

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Room

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 至Arrive, Climax

Example Word

洋室: western style. The Japanese noun '洋室 (ようしつ)' refers to a 'western-style room'. This term is commonly used in Japan to describe rooms that are furnished or designed in a western manner, as opposed to traditional Japanese-style rooms (和室, わしつ). A typical 洋室 might include features like beds, chairs, and tables, rather than tatami mats and futons. For example: The hotel room is western-style「ホテルの部屋は洋室です」(ホテルのへやはようしつです). I prefer western-style rooms「私は洋室が好きです」(わたしはようしつがすきです). This term is often used in real estate listings or when discussing room layouts in Japan.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

286

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Product

Reading

Parts

口Mouth

Example Word

品切れ: sold out. The Japanese noun '品切れ (しなぎれ)' means 'sold out'. It is commonly used in retail or business contexts to indicate that a product is no longer available in stock. For example: The product is sold out「その商品は品切れです」(そのしょうひんはしなぎれです). We are sorry, but this item is sold out「申し訳ありませんが、この商品は品切れです」(もうしわけありませんが、このしょうひんはしなぎれです). The term is often used in stores, online shopping platforms, or when discussing inventory.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

299

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

World

Reading

Parts

田Rice field 介Mediate, Jammed in

Example Word

境界: boundary. The Japanese noun '境界 (きょうかい)' refers to a boundary or border, often used to describe a physical or conceptual line separating two areas, ideas, or states. It can be used in various contexts, such as geographical boundaries, personal limits, or abstract distinctions. For example: the boundary between the two countries「二つの国の境界」(ふたつのくにのきょうかい). The boundary between dreams and reality「夢と現実の境界」(ゆめとげんじつのきょうかい). This word is commonly used in both literal and metaphorical contexts, emphasizing the idea of separation or division.

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

309

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Army

Reading

Parts

冖Crown 車Car

Example Word

海軍: navy. The Japanese noun '海軍 (かいぐん)' refers to the 'navy', which is the branch of a country's armed forces that conducts military operations at sea. It is used to describe the organization, ships, and personnel involved in maritime warfare and defense. For example: The navy protects the country「海軍は国を守る」(かいぐんはくにをまもる). He joined the navy「彼は海軍に入った」(かれはかいぐんにはいった). This term is specific to military contexts and should not be confused with other maritime organizations or civilian shipping.

Radical

車

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

328

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Point

Reading

Parts

灬Fire (火)占Fortune telling

Example Word

点数: score. The Japanese noun '点数 (てんすう)' refers to a 'score' or 'points' in contexts such as tests, games, or evaluations. It is commonly used in academic settings to discuss grades or marks, as well as in sports or competitions to denote points earned. For example: I got a high score on the test「テストで高い点数を取った」(テストでたかいてんすうをとった). The team's score increased「チームの点数が上がった」(チームのてんすうがあがった). This word is neutral in tone and can be used in both formal and informal situations.

Radical

火

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

332

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Government, Politics

Reading

Parts

正Correct 攵Strike

Example Word

政治: politics. The Japanese noun '政治 (せいじ)' means 'politics'. It refers to the activities, actions, and policies used to govern a country or area, especially the debate between parties or individuals having power. It can also refer to the academic study of government and political systems. For example: He is interested in politics「彼は政治に興味がある」(かれはせいじにきょうみがある). The politics of this country are complicated「この国の政治は複雑だ」(このくにのせいじはふくざつだ). The word is commonly used in discussions about government, elections, and policy-making.

Radical

攴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

348

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Neck

Reading

Parts

䒑Herbs 自Self

Example Word

足首: ankle. The Japanese noun '足首 (あしくび)' refers to the 'ankle', the joint connecting the foot to the leg. It is commonly used in everyday conversation and medical contexts. For example: I twisted my ankle「足首を捻った」(あしくびをねじった). Her ankle is swollen「彼女の足首が腫れている」(かのじょのあしくびがはれている). The word is often used in contexts related to injuries, sports, or describing physical characteristics.

Radical

首

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

351

Radical Form

𦣻

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ride

Reading

Parts

千Thousand 廾Twenty 木Tree, Wood

Example Word

乗り遅れる: miss. The Japanese verb '乗り遅れる (のりおくれる)' means 'to miss' in the context of missing a vehicle, such as a train, bus, or plane. It is often used when someone fails to board a vehicle before it departs. For example: I missed the train「電車に乗り遅れた」(でんしゃにのりおくれた). He missed the bus because he overslept「彼は寝坊してバスに乗り遅れた」(かれはねぼうしてバスにのりおくれた). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe missing out on opportunities or trends, such as '乗り遅れるな (のりおくれるな) (don't miss out)'. The nuance here is about failing to catch something in time, whether it's a physical vehicle or an abstract opportunity.

Radical

丿

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

352

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Guest, Customer

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 各Each

Example Word

乗客: passenger. The Japanese noun '乗客 (じょうきゃく)' refers to a 'passenger', specifically someone who is traveling in a vehicle such as a train, bus, airplane, or ship. This word is commonly used in transportation contexts. For example: The passengers got off the train「乗客は電車を降りた」(じょうきゃくはでんしゃをおりた). There were many passengers on the bus「バスには多くの乗客がいた」(バスにはおおくのじょうきゃくがいた). The word emphasizes the role of the person as someone being transported, rather than the driver or operator of the vehicle.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

356

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Finger

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)旨Purport, Delicious

Example Word

指差す: point. The Japanese verb '指差す (ゆびさす)' means 'to point' or 'to indicate with a finger'. It is used when someone uses their finger to direct attention to something or someone. This verb is commonly used in everyday situations, such as giving directions or identifying objects. For example: He pointed at the map「彼は地図を指差した」(かれはちずをゆびさした). She pointed to the sign「彼女は看板を指差した」(かのじょはかんばんをゆびさした). The verb can also be used metaphorically to indicate something indirectly or to highlight an issue.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

359

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Tea

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 人Person 木Tree, Wood

Example Word

茶色: brown. The Japanese noun '茶色 (ちゃいろ)' means 'brown'. This color term is derived from the color of tea, specifically green tea, and is used to describe objects, clothing, or anything that has a brown hue. It is a common color term in Japanese and can be used in various contexts. For example: The table is brown「テーブルは茶色です」(てーぶるはちゃいろです). I bought a brown bag「茶色のバッグを買いました」(ちゃいろのばっぐをかいました). The word '茶色' can also be used metaphorically to describe something as plain or ordinary, similar to how 'brown' might be used in English to describe something as unremarkable.

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

361

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Reason, Deceased

Reading

Parts

古Old 攵Strike

Example Word

何故: why. The Japanese adverb '何故 (なぜ)' means 'why'. It is used to ask for the reason or cause of something. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: Why did you come?「何故来たの？」(なぜきたの？). Why is it so expensive?「何故そんなに高いの？」(なぜそんなにたかいの？). The word '何故' can also be written as 'なぜ' in hiragana, and it is often used interchangeably with other words that mean 'why', such as 'どうして' and 'なんで', though '何故' can sometimes carry a slightly more formal or literary tone.

Radical

攴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

374

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Spring

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 𡗗Folded hands

Example Word

春夏秋冬: seasons. The Japanese noun '春夏秋冬 (しゅんかしゅうとう)' literally translates to 'spring, summer, autumn, winter,' collectively representing the four seasons. This word is often used to symbolize the passage of time or the cyclical nature of the year. It can be used in poetic or formal contexts to evoke imagery of nature and the changing seasons. For example: The beauty of the four seasons is unparalleled「春夏秋冬の美しさは比類ない」(しゅんかしゅうとうのうつくしさはひるいない). I love the rhythm of the seasons「私は春夏秋冬のリズムが好きです」(わたしはしゅんかしゅうとうのリズムがすきです). Note that this word is more formal and less commonly used in everyday conversation compared to simply saying '季節 (きせつ)' for 'season.'

Radical

日

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

378

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Follow

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 𠂤Pile up

Example Word

追跡: pursuit or tracking. The Japanese verbal noun '追跡 (ついせき)' refers to the act of pursuing or tracking someone or something. It is often used in contexts involving following a target, such as in investigations, sports, or even technology. For example: The police are in pursuit of the suspect「警察は容疑者を追跡している」(けいさつはようぎしゃをついせきしている). The software tracks user activity「そのソフトウェアはユーザーの行動を追跡する」(そのソフトウェアはユーザーのこうどうをついせきする). The word can also imply a continuous effort to follow or monitor something over time.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

385

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Step, Stairs

Reading

Parts

殳Pike

Example Word

一段: step or level. The Japanese noun '一段 (いちだん)' can mean 'step' or 'level'. When referring to 'step', it often describes a physical step or stage in a process. For example: climb one step「一段登る」(いちだんのぼる). When referring to 'level', it can indicate a degree or rank, such as in skill or quality. For example: reach a higher level「一段高いレベルに達する」(いちだんたかいレベルにたっする). The word is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Radical

殳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

387

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

All

Reading

Parts

比Compare, Ratio 白White

Example Word

皆さん: everyone. The Japanese noun '皆さん (みなさん)' is a polite and respectful way to address or refer to a group of people, meaning 'everyone' or 'all of you'. It is commonly used in formal or polite situations, such as speeches, announcements, or when addressing an audience. For example: Good morning, everyone!「皆さん、おはようございます！」(みなさん、おはようございます). Thank you, everyone, for coming today「皆さん、今日は来てくれてありがとうございます」(みなさん、きょうはきてくれてありがとうございます). The term is inclusive and conveys a sense of respect towards the group being addressed.

Radical

白

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

403

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Limit

Reading

Parts

⻖ 艮Stopping

Example Word

無限: infinite. The Japanese adjectival noun '無限 (むげん)' means 'infinite'. It is used to describe something that has no limits, boundaries, or end. This word can be applied to abstract concepts like time, space, or possibilities, as well as physical entities. For example: the universe is infinite「宇宙は無限だ」(うちゅうはむげんだ). His patience seems infinite「彼の忍耐は無限のようだ」(かれのにんたいはむげんのようだ). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '無限ループ (むげんループ)' (infinite loop) or '無限大 (むげんだい)' (infinity).

Radical

阜

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

419

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Measure, Plan

Reading

Parts

十Ten 言Say

Example Word

家計: budget or household. The Japanese noun '家計 (かけい)' refers to the financial affairs or budget of a household. It is commonly used to describe the income, expenses, and overall financial management of a family or household. For example: managing the household budget「家計を管理する」(かけいをかんりする). The household finances are tight this month「今月の家計は厳しい」(こんげつのかけいときびしい). This word is often used in discussions about personal finance, savings, and economic planning.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

422

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Back, Height

Reading

Parts

北North 肉Meat

Example Word

背中: back. The Japanese noun '背中 (せなか)' refers to the 'back' of a person or animal. It specifically denotes the rear part of the body from the neck to the waist. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can be used in various contexts, such as describing physical posture, pain, or even metaphorical situations. For example: His back is straight「彼の背中はまっすぐだ」(かれのせなかはまっすぐだ). I have a pain in my back「背中が痛い」(せなかがいたい). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe support or reliance, as in 'I rely on my friend's back'「友達の背中に頼る」(ともだちのせなかにたよる).

Radical

肉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

429

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Castle

Reading

Parts

土Soil 成Become

Example Word

城: castle. The Japanese noun '城 (しろ)' means 'castle'. It refers to a large fortified building or complex, typically associated with historical Japanese architecture and samurai culture. Castles in Japan often served as military strongholds and residences for feudal lords. Example sentences: The castle is beautiful「城は美しい」(しろはうつくしい). I visited Himeji Castle「姫路城を訪れた」(ひめじじょうをおとずれた). Note that '城' can also be part of compound words, such as 'お城 (おしろ)', which is a more casual or affectionate way to refer to a castle.

Radical

土

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

433

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Do, Sake

Reading

Example Word

為さる: do. The Japanese verb '為さる (なさる)' is a highly respectful and honorific form of the verb 'する (to do)'. It is used to show deep respect towards the person performing the action, often when referring to someone of higher status or authority. This verb is commonly used in formal or polite contexts. For example: What will the teacher do?「先生は何をなさいますか？」(せんせいはなにをなさいますか？). Please do as you like「どうぞご自由になさってください」(どうぞごじゆうになさってください). Note that '為さる' is often used in combination with honorific prefixes like 'ご' or 'お' to further elevate the politeness level, as in 'ご覧になる (ごらんになる)' or 'お召しになる (おめしになる)'.

Radical

火

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

436

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Escape

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 兆Omen, Trillion

Example Word

逃がす: release. The Japanese verb '逃がす (にがす)' primarily means 'to release' or 'to let go'. It is often used when someone intentionally allows something or someone to escape or be freed. For example: I released the bird「鳥を逃がした」(とりをにがした). He let the fish go「彼は魚を逃がした」(かれはさかなをにがした). This verb can also imply a missed opportunity, such as letting a chance slip away. For example: I let the opportunity slip「チャンスを逃がした」(チャンスをにがした). The nuance here is that the action is deliberate, and the subject is allowing something to escape or be lost.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

446

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Send

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 关Close

Example Word

送り仮名: okurigana. The Japanese noun '送り仮名 (おくりがな)' refers to the kana (hiragana) suffixes that follow kanji in Japanese writing. These kana are used to indicate the inflection of verbs and adjectives, as well as to clarify the reading of kanji. For example, in the verb '食べる (たべる)', the 'べる' part is the okurigana that follows the kanji '食'. Another example is the adjective '高い (たかい)', where 'かい' is the okurigana following the kanji '高'. Okurigana are essential for understanding the correct pronunciation and meaning of words in Japanese.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

456

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Person in charge, Connection

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)系Lineage

Example Word

関係: relation. The Japanese verbal noun '関係 (かんけい)' means 'relation' or 'connection'. It is used to describe the relationship or connection between two or more things, people, or concepts. This word is often used in both formal and informal contexts to discuss relationships, whether they are personal, professional, or abstract. For example: There is no relation between the two events「その二つの出来事には関係がない」(そのふたつのできごとにはかんけいがない). I have a good relationship with my boss「私は上司と良い関係を持っている」(わたしはじょうしとよいかんけいをもっている). The word can also be used in compound forms, such as '人間関係 (にんげんかんけい)' (human relationships) or '因果関係 (いんがかんけい)' (causal relationship).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

469

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Section, Department

Reading

Parts

斗Ladle, Dipper 禾Cereal

Example Word

小児科: pediatrics. The Japanese noun '小児科 (しょうにか)' refers to the medical field of pediatrics, which is the branch of medicine dealing with the health and medical care of infants, children, and adolescents. This term is commonly used in medical contexts, such as hospitals or clinics, to denote the department or specialty focused on children's health. For example: I work in pediatrics「私は小児科で働いています」(わたしはしょうにかではたらいています). My child is being treated in the pediatrics department「私の子供は小児科で治療を受けています」(わたしのこどもはしょうにかでちりょうをうけています).

Radical

禾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

473

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ocean, Western style

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)羊Sheep

Example Word

洋画: foreign film. The Japanese noun '洋画 (ようが)' refers to 'foreign films', particularly those from Western countries. It is commonly used to distinguish non-Japanese films from domestic Japanese films (邦画, ほうが). This term is often used in discussions about cinema, movie genres, or cultural comparisons. Example sentences: I enjoy watching foreign films「洋画を見るのが好きです」(ようがをみるのがすきです). This theater specializes in foreign films「この映画館は洋画専門です」(このえいがかんはようがせんもんです). Note that '洋画' specifically emphasizes the Western origin of the films, as '洋' refers to the West or Western culture.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

476

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

South

Reading

Parts

十Ten 冂Enclosure 羊Sheep

Example Word

南西: southwest. The Japanese noun '南西 (なんせい)' means 'southwest'. It is a compound word formed by combining '南 (なん)' meaning 'south' and '西 (せい)' meaning 'west'. This term is commonly used in geographical contexts, such as giving directions or describing locations. For example: The wind is coming from the southwest「風が南西から吹いている」(かぜがなんせいからふいている). The island is located to the southwest of the mainland「その島は本土の南西に位置している」(そのしまはほんどのなんせいにいちしている). It can also be used in weather forecasts or navigation.

Radical

十

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

493

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Alone

Reading

Parts

犭 虫Insect

Example Word

独り言: soliloquy. The Japanese noun '独り言 (ひとりごと)' refers to the act of talking to oneself, often referred to as a soliloquy or monologue. This can occur when someone is thinking aloud, expressing their thoughts without expecting a response. It is commonly used in both casual and literary contexts. For example: He was muttering to himself「彼は独り言を言っていた」(かれはひとりごとをいっていた). She often talks to herself when she's alone「彼女は一人の時によく独り言を言う」(かのじょはひとりのときによくひとりごとをいう). The term can also imply a sense of loneliness or deep contemplation, depending on the context.

Radical

犬

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

504

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sect, Faction

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)

Example Word

立派: admirable or splendid. The Japanese adjectival noun '立派 (りっぱ)' conveys a sense of excellence, grandeur, or something being commendable. It is often used to describe people, achievements, or objects that are impressive or praiseworthy. For example: He is a splendid person「彼は立派な人です」(かれはりっぱなひとです). This is an admirable achievement「これは立派な成果です」(これはりっぱなせいかです). The term can also imply a sense of dignity or being well-suited for a particular role or purpose, such as in the sentence: She has grown into a splendid adult「彼女は立派な大人になりました」(かのじょはりっぱなおとなになりました).

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

519

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Autumn

Reading

Parts

火Fire 禾Cereal

Example Word

秋: autumn. The Japanese noun '秋 (あき)' means 'autumn' or 'fall'. It refers to the season between summer and winter, typically characterized by cooler weather and the changing colors of leaves. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation, poetry, and literature to evoke the imagery and feelings associated with autumn. For example: Autumn is the best season「秋が一番好きな季節です」(あきがいちばんすきなきせつです). The leaves turn red in autumn「秋には葉が赤くなります」(あきにははがあかくなります). In Japanese culture, autumn is also associated with harvest, moon viewing, and various seasonal foods.

Radical

禾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

527

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Simple, Single

Reading

Parts

⺍Small 日Day, Sun 十Ten

Example Word

単位: unit. The Japanese noun '単位 (たんい)' primarily means 'unit'. It is used to refer to a standard measurement, such as in science, mathematics, or everyday contexts. For example: The unit of length is the meter「長さの単位はメートルです」(ながさのたんいはメートルです). Additionally, in educational contexts, it can refer to academic credits: I need three more units to graduate「卒業するにはあと3単位必要です」(そつぎょうするにはあと3たんいひつようです). The word is versatile and widely used in both technical and casual settings.

Radical

十

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

554

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Preserve

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)呆

Example Word

確保: secure. The Japanese verbal noun '確保 (かくほ)' means 'secure' or 'ensure'. It is used to describe the act of guaranteeing or securing something, such as resources, safety, or opportunities. This term is often used in formal or business contexts. For example: We need to secure enough resources「十分な資源を確保する必要がある」(じゅうぶんなしげんをかくほするひつようがある). The company ensured the safety of its employees「会社は従業員の安全を確保した」(かいしゃはじゅうぎょういんのあんぜんをかくほした). Note that '確保' is commonly used in contexts where something is being guaranteed or made certain, such as securing a seat, ensuring safety, or guaranteeing supplies.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

560

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Scroll

Reading

Parts

己Oneself

Example Word

巻き込む: involve. The Japanese verb '巻き込む (まきこむ)' means 'to involve' or 'to entangle'. It is often used to describe situations where someone or something is drawn into an event, situation, or conflict, sometimes unwillingly. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: he got involved in the accident「彼は事故に巻き込まれた」(かれはじこにまきこまれた). The scandal involved many people「そのスキャンダルは多くの人を巻き込んだ」(そのスキャンダルはおおくのひとをまきこんだ). Note that this verb often carries a nuance of being caught up in something beyond one's control.

Radical

己

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

572

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Defeat

Reading

Parts

⺈Wrap 貝Shellfish

Example Word

負う: bear. The Japanese verb '負う (おう)' primarily means 'to bear' or 'to carry', often in the sense of responsibility, burden, or obligation. It can also imply taking on a duty or being responsible for something. For example: He bears the responsibility「彼は責任を負う」(かれはせきにんをおう). The company bears the cost「会社が費用を負う」(かいしゃがひようをおう). Additionally, '負う' can sometimes mean 'to owe', as in owing a debt or gratitude. For example: I owe him a favor「彼に恩を負う」(かれにおんをおう). This verb is often used in formal or serious contexts, emphasizing the weight or significance of what is being borne.

Radical

貝

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

575

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Build

Reading

Parts

廴 聿Brush

Example Word

建て: built. The Japanese suffix '建て (だて)' is used to indicate the way something is built or constructed. It is often attached to nouns to describe the type of construction or the material used in building something. For example: a wooden house「木造建ての家」(もくぞうだてのいえ). This building is steel-framed「この建物は鉄骨建てです」(このたてものはてっこつだてです). The suffix can also be used to specify the number of floors in a building, such as in 'three-story building'「三階建ての建物」(さんかいだてのたてもの). It is a versatile suffix that provides specific information about the construction or structure of an object or building.

Radical

廴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

583

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Yesterday, Previous

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 乍

Example Word

昨年: last year. The Japanese noun '昨年 (さくねん)' means 'last year.' It is used to refer to the year immediately preceding the current year. This word is commonly used in both written and spoken Japanese to discuss past events or activities. For example: Last year I was traveling in Japan 「昨年は日本を旅行していました」 (さくねんはにほんをりょこうしていました). Last year's sales were higher than this year's 「昨年の売り上げは今年より高かった」 (さくねんのうりあげはことしよりたかかった).

Radical

日

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

589

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sharpen

Reading

Parts

石Stone 开Open

Example Word

研究: research. The Japanese verbal noun '研究 (けんきゅう)' means 'research'. It refers to the systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions. This term is commonly used in academic, scientific, and professional contexts. For example: I am conducting research on Japanese history「私は日本の歴史を研究しています」(わたしはにほんのれきしをけんきゅうしています). His research was published in a scientific journal「彼の研究は科学雑誌に掲載された」(かれのけんきゅうはかがくざっしにけいさいされた). The word can also be used to describe the act of studying or investigating something in depth, as in '研究する (けんきゅうする)' which means 'to research' or 'to study'.

Radical

石

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

618

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Retreat

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 艮Stopping

Example Word

退院: discharge. The Japanese verbal noun '退院 (たいいん)' refers to the act of being discharged from a hospital or medical facility after receiving treatment. It is commonly used in medical contexts to indicate that a patient has recovered sufficiently to leave the hospital. For example: The patient was discharged from the hospital「患者は退院しました」(かんじゃはたいいんしました). She will be discharged tomorrow「彼女は明日退院します」(かのじょはあしたたいいんします). Note that '退院' is often used in formal or medical settings and implies a sense of recovery or completion of treatment.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

633

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Promise, Approximately

Reading

Parts

糸Thread

Example Word

契約: contract. The Japanese verbal noun '契約 (けいやく)' refers to a formal agreement or contract between parties. It is commonly used in legal, business, and personal contexts to describe binding agreements. For example: We signed a contract「契約を結びました」(けいやくをむすびました). The contract has been terminated「契約は解除されました」(けいやくはかいじょされました). This term is often paired with verbs like '結ぶ (むすぶ)' (to conclude) or '解除する (かいじょする)' (to cancel) to describe the act of making or ending a contract.

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

635

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Right, Absolutely

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 疋

Example Word

彼是: various. The Japanese noun '彼是 (あれこれ)' means 'various' or 'this and that'. It is used to refer to a variety of things or matters in a non-specific way. This word is often used when discussing multiple topics, items, or tasks without going into detail about each one. For example: I have various things to do today「今日は彼是やることがある」(きょうはあれこれやることがある). She talked about various things「彼女は彼是話した」(かのじょはあれこれはなした). The word can also imply a sense of being overwhelmed by the number of things or tasks, as in '彼是忙しい (あれこれいそがしい) (busy with various things)'.

Radical

日

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

663

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Anger, Angry

Reading

Parts

奴Servant, Dude 心Heart

Example Word

怒鳴る: shout. The Japanese verb '怒鳴る (どなる)' means 'to shout' or 'to yell', often in an angry or harsh manner. It is used to describe raising one's voice loudly, typically in situations of frustration, anger, or to assert dominance. For example: He shouted at his subordinate「彼は部下に怒鳴った」(かれはぶかにどなった). Don't shout at me!「私に怒鳴らないで！」(わたしにどならないで！). The verb carries a negative connotation and is often associated with aggression or lack of control. It is important to distinguish it from neutral or positive forms of raising one's voice, such as calling out loudly (叫ぶ, さけぶ).

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

719

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Star

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 生Life

Example Word

星: star. The Japanese noun '星 (ほし)' means 'star'. It refers to celestial bodies visible in the night sky, such as stars in space. It can also be used metaphorically to describe someone who is a 'star' in the sense of being famous or outstanding. For example: The stars are beautiful tonight「今夜の星はきれいだ」(こんやのほしはきれいだ). She is a star in the music industry「彼女は音楽界の星だ」(かのじょはおんがくかいのほしだ). The word is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Radical

日

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

721

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ancestor

Reading

Parts

礻Cult (示)且Moreover, Also

Example Word

祖先: ancestor. The Japanese noun '祖先 (そせん)' refers to one's ancestors or forebears. It is commonly used to describe the lineage or family heritage of a person, group, or species. This word carries a respectful tone and is often used in historical, cultural, or genealogical contexts. For example: My ancestors came from Japan「私の祖先は日本から来ました」(わたしのそせんはにほんからきました). We should respect our ancestors「私たちは祖先を尊敬すべきです」(わたしたちはそせんをそんけいすべきです). The word can also be used in a broader sense to refer to the ancestors of humanity or other species, such as in scientific discussions about evolution.

Radical

示

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

737

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Design, Handle

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 丙Third, Third class

Example Word

柄: character or pattern. The Japanese noun '柄 (がら)' can mean 'pattern' or 'character'. When referring to 'pattern', it describes the design or motif on fabric, clothing, or other surfaces. For example: This shirt has a nice pattern「このシャツは柄がいい」(このシャツはがらがいい). When referring to 'character', it describes someone's personality or nature. For example: He has a calm character「彼は落ち着いた柄だ」(かれはおちついたがらだ). The meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

745

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wild, Rough

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 巟

Example Word

荒す: damage. The Japanese verb '荒す (あらす)' means 'to damage' or 'to ruin'. It is often used to describe the act of causing destruction or disorder to something, such as a place, object, or situation. This verb carries a nuance of leaving something in a worse state than before. For example: The storm damaged the garden「嵐が庭を荒した」(あらしがにわをあらした). Vandals ruined the park「破壊者が公園を荒した」(はかいしゃがこうえんをあらした). Note that '荒す' is typically used in contexts where the damage is intentional or caused by neglect, rather than accidental.

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

749

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Harbor, Haven

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)聿Brush

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

760

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Fragrance

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 禾Cereal

Example Word

香り: scent. The Japanese noun '香り (かおり)' refers to a pleasant smell or fragrance. It is commonly used to describe the aroma of flowers, food, or other pleasant odors. For example: the scent of roses is lovely「バラの香りは素敵です」(ばらのかおりはすてきです). I love the scent of coffee「コーヒーの香りが大好きです」(コーヒーのかおりがだいすきです). This word is often associated with positive and soothing smells, and it can be used in both casual and formal contexts.

Radical

香

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

773

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Emperor

Reading

Parts

王King 白White

Example Word

皇子: prince. The Japanese noun '皇子 (おうじ)' refers to a 'prince', specifically the son of an emperor or a king. This term is used in the context of royalty and is often seen in historical or formal settings. It carries a sense of nobility and high status. For example: The prince is very kind「皇子はとても親切です」(おうじはとてもしんせつです). The prince visited the village「皇子は村を訪れました」(おうじはむらをおとずれました). It's important to note that '皇子' is a more formal term compared to '王子 (おうじ)', which can also mean 'prince' but is used more broadly for any prince, not necessarily the son of an emperor.

Radical

白

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

782

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Crimson

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 工Construction

Example Word

口紅: lipstick. The Japanese noun '口紅 (くちべに)' refers to 'lipstick', a cosmetic product applied to the lips to add color or texture. It is commonly used in everyday conversations about makeup and beauty. Example sentences: She bought a new lipstick「彼女は新しい口紅を買った」(かのじょはあたらしいくちべにをかった). This lipstick color is beautiful「この口紅の色はきれい」(このくちべにのいろはきれい). The word is a combination of '口 (くち)', meaning 'mouth', and '紅 (べに)', meaning 'red' or 'crimson', reflecting its traditional association with red pigments.

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

791

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Reflect

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 央Center

Example Word

映る: reflect. The Japanese verb '映る (うつる)' primarily means 'to reflect' or 'to be reflected'. It is often used to describe how images, light, or scenes are reflected on surfaces like mirrors, water, or screens. For example: The moon is reflected in the lake「月が湖に映る」(つきがみずうみにうつる). Additionally, it can also mean 'to appear' or 'to be projected', such as in the context of images appearing on a screen: The movie is showing on the screen「映画がスクリーンに映る」(えいががスクリーンにうつる). This verb is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it versatile in everyday conversation.

Radical

日

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

793

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Brave

Reading

Parts

龴 男Man

Example Word

勇気: courage. The Japanese noun '勇気 (ゆうき)' means 'courage'. It refers to the mental or moral strength to face danger, fear, or difficulty. This word is often used in contexts where someone overcomes fear or takes a bold step despite challenges. For example: He showed great courage「彼は大きな勇気を見せた」(かれはおおきなゆうきをみせた). It takes courage to speak the truth「真実を話すには勇気がいる」(しんじつをはなすにはゆうきがいる). The word can also be used in phrases like '勇気を出す (ゆうきをだす)', which means 'to muster courage'.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

795

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Convenience

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)更Renew, Grow late

Example Word

大便: feces. The Japanese verbal noun '大便 (だいべん)' refers to 'feces' or 'excrement'. It is a formal or medical term used to describe bodily waste. This word is often used in clinical or polite contexts, and it is less commonly used in everyday conversation, where more casual terms like 'うんこ' or 'うんち' might be preferred. For example: The doctor asked about his feces「医者は彼の大便について尋ねた」(いしゃはかれのだいべんについてたずねた). Please dispose of the feces properly「大便を適切に処理してください」(だいべんをてきせつにしょりしてください). Note that this term is neutral in tone but may sound overly formal in casual settings.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

809

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Perplexed, Astray

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 米Rice

Example Word

迷う: lose or hesitate. The Japanese verb '迷う (まよう)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to lose one's way' or 'to get lost', often used in the context of physical navigation. For example: I got lost in the city「街で迷った」(まちでまよった). The second meaning is 'to hesitate' or 'to be uncertain', used when someone is indecisive or unsure about a decision. For example: She hesitated to answer「彼女は答えるのに迷った」(かのじょはこたえるのにまよった). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe being lost in thought or confused about a situation. For example: He was lost in thought「彼は考えに迷っていた」(かれはかんがえにまよっていた).

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

811

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Daytime, Noon

Reading

Parts

尺Foot 旦Dawn

Example Word

昼寝: nap. The Japanese verbal noun '昼寝 (ひるね)' refers to a 'nap' or 'siesta', specifically a short sleep taken during the daytime. It is commonly used to describe a rest taken after lunch or during a break in the day. This word is often used in casual contexts and is associated with relaxation. For example: I took a nap after lunch「昼ご飯の後に昼寝をした」(ひるごはんのあとにひるねをした). Taking a nap is refreshing「昼寝をすると気分がすっきりする」(ひるねをするときぶんがすっきりする). The word '昼寝' is distinct from '睡眠 (すいみん)', which refers to sleep in general, as it specifically denotes a short, daytime rest.

Radical

日

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

823

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Extremely, Tremendously

Reading

Parts

甘Sweet 匹Equal, Counter for animals

Radical

甘

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

832

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Prosper, Flourish

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood ⺍Small 冖Crown

Example Word

栄える: prosper. The Japanese verb '栄える (さかえる)' means 'to prosper' or 'to flourish'. It is used to describe a state of thriving, success, or growth, often in the context of cities, businesses, or cultures. For example: The town prospered thanks to tourism「その町は観光のおかげで栄えた」(そのまちはかんこうのおかげでさかえた). The company flourished under new management「新しい経営陣のもとで会社は栄えた」(あたらしいけいえいじんのもとでかいしゃはさかえた). This verb is often used in historical or economic contexts to describe periods of growth or success.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

841

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Chronicle, Era

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 已

Example Word

書紀: chronicle. The Japanese noun '書紀 (しょき)' refers to a historical chronicle or record. It is often used in the context of ancient Japanese historical texts, such as the '日本書紀 (にほんしょき)' (Nihon Shoki), which is one of the oldest and most important historical records of Japan. The term can also be used more generally to refer to any historical chronicle. Example sentences: The Nihon Shoki is an ancient chronicle「日本書紀は古代の書紀です」(にほんしょきはこだいのしょきです). He is studying the chronicles of the Heian period「彼は平安時代の書紀を勉強しています」(かれはへいあんじだいのしょきをべんきょうしています).

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

865

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Shallow

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)㦮

Example Word

浅い: shallow. The Japanese adjective '浅い (あさい)' primarily means 'shallow'. It is used to describe something that has little depth, either physically or metaphorically. For example, it can describe shallow water, as in 'The river is shallow'「川が浅い」(かわがあさい). It can also describe superficial knowledge or understanding, as in 'His knowledge is shallow'「彼の知識は浅い」(かれのちしきはあさい). Additionally, it can describe something that is not deeply rooted, such as a shallow relationship. Note that '浅い' is often used in contrast to '深い (ふかい)', which means 'deep'.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

866

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wash

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)先Before, Previous

Example Word

洗面: washing. The Japanese noun '洗面 (せんめん)' refers to the act of washing one's face or the area where one washes their face, such as a washbasin. It is commonly used in contexts related to personal hygiene and daily routines. For example: I washed my face「洗面をした」(せんめんをした). The washbasin is in the bathroom「洗面はバスルームにある」(せんめんはバスルームにある). This word is often used in compound words like '洗面台 (せんめんだい)' (washbasin) or '洗面所 (せんめんじょ)' (washroom).

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

877

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Dye

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 氿

Example Word

伝染: infection. The Japanese verbal noun '伝染 (でんせん)' means 'infection' or 'contagion'. It refers to the process by which a disease or condition spreads from one person, animal, or thing to another. This word is often used in medical or biological contexts but can also be applied metaphorically to describe the spread of ideas, emotions, or behaviors. For example: The flu is highly contagious「インフルエンザは伝染しやすい」(インフルエンザはでんせんしやすい). Fear can spread like an infection「恐怖は伝染する」(きょうふはでんせんする). Note that '伝染' is often used with verbs like 'する' (to do) to indicate the act of spreading or becoming infected.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

884

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Pity, Sorrow

Reading

Parts

衣Clothes 亠Lid 口Mouth

Example Word

哀れ: pity. The Japanese noun '哀れ (あわれ)' conveys a sense of 'pity' or 'compassion'. It is often used to express a deep feeling of sorrow or sympathy towards someone or something, typically in a situation that evokes a sense of tragedy or helplessness. This word can also carry a poetic or literary nuance, often found in traditional Japanese literature and drama. For example: I felt pity for the stray dog「哀れな野良犬に同情した」(あわれなのらいぬにどうじょうした). The story was filled with pity and sorrow「その物語は哀れと悲しみに満ちていた」(そのものがたりはあわれとかなしみにみちていた).

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

901

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Spring, Fountain

Reading

Parts

水Water 白White

Example Word

源泉: source. The Japanese noun '源泉 (げんせん)' refers to the 'source' or 'origin' of something, often used in both literal and figurative contexts. It can describe the source of a river, the origin of an idea, or the root cause of a phenomenon. For example: the source of the river is in the mountains「川の源泉は山にある」(かわのげんせんはやまにある). The source of his inspiration is nature「彼のインスピレーションの源泉は自然だ」(かれのインスピレーションのげんせんはしぜんだ). This word is commonly used in formal or literary contexts to emphasize the fundamental origin of something.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

912

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Precious, Rare

Reading

Example Word

珍しい: rare. The Japanese adjective '珍しい (めずらしい)' means 'rare' or 'unusual'. It is used to describe something that is uncommon, not often seen, or out of the ordinary. This word can be applied to objects, events, or situations. For example: This is a rare flower「これは珍しい花です」(これはめずらしいはなです). It's rare to see him smile「彼が笑うのは珍しい」(かれがわらうのはめずらしい). The word can also carry a nuance of something being interesting or noteworthy due to its rarity. It is often used in a positive or neutral context, but can sometimes imply something is strange or unexpected.

Radical

玉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

917

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Willow

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 卯

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

919

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Emperor, Sovereign

Reading

Parts

亠Lid 丷Divide 冖Crown 巾Towel

Example Word

帝: emperor. The Japanese noun '帝 (みかど)' refers to an 'emperor', specifically the sovereign ruler of an empire. This term is deeply rooted in Japanese history and culture, often associated with the imperial family of Japan. It carries a formal and respectful tone, typically used in historical or ceremonial contexts. Example sentences: The emperor resides in the Imperial Palace「帝は皇居に住んでいます」(みかどはこうきょにすんでいます). The emperor's decree was announced「帝の勅令が発表された」(みかどのちょくれいがはっぴょうされた).

Radical

巾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

922

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Might, Intimidate

Reading

Parts

女Woman 戌

Example Word

威張る: boast. The Japanese verb '威張る (いばる)' means 'to boast' or 'to act arrogantly'. It is used to describe someone who is showing off or behaving in a self-important manner. This verb often carries a negative connotation, implying that the person is being overly proud or domineering. For example: he boasts about his success「彼は成功を威張る」(かれはせいこうをいばる). She acts arrogantly in front of others「彼女は他人の前で威張る」(かのじょはたにんのまえでいばる). The verb can also be used to describe someone who is trying to assert dominance or authority in a way that is seen as unnecessary or excessive.

Radical

女

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

925

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Grade, Rank

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 及Reach, Extend

Example Word

学級: class. The Japanese noun '学級 (がっきゅう)' refers to a 'class' in the context of a group of students in a school. It specifically denotes a group of students who are taught together, often within the same grade or subject. This term is commonly used in educational settings to describe the organizational structure of students. For example: The class is quiet「学級は静かです」(がっきゅうはしずかです). I am the teacher of this class「私はこの学級の先生です」(わたしはこのがっきゅうのせんせいです). The term emphasizes the collective group of students rather than the physical classroom itself.

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

930

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Vulgar, Popular

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)谷Valley

Example Word

風俗: customs or prostitution. The Japanese noun '風俗 (ふうぞく)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning refers to 'customs' or 'social practices', often used in a cultural or historical context. For example: The customs of this region are unique「この地域の風俗は独特です」(このちいきのふうぞくはどくとくです). The second meaning is a euphemism for 'prostitution' or the sex industry, often used in legal or societal discussions. For example: The government is cracking down on prostitution「政府は風俗を取り締まっています」(せいふはふうぞくをとりしまっています). It's important to understand the context in which this word is used, as the meaning can vary significantly.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

931

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Reverse

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 屰

Example Word

逆: reverse or opposite. The Japanese adjectival noun '逆 (ぎゃく)' primarily means 'reverse' or 'opposite'. It is used to describe something that is contrary to the expected or usual direction, order, or condition. This word can be applied in various contexts, such as physical directions, logical sequences, or even abstract concepts. For example: the reverse side of the paper「紙の逆」(かみのぎゃく). He did the opposite of what I told him「彼は私が言ったことの逆をした」(かれはわたしがいったことのぎゃくをした). It's important to note that '逆' can also be used in compound words to express reversal or opposition, such as '逆転 (ぎゃくてん)' meaning 'reversal' or 'turnaround'.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

935

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sand

Reading

Parts

石Stone 少Few

Example Word

砂: sand. The Japanese noun '砂 (すな)' means 'sand'. This word refers to the granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles, typically found on beaches, deserts, and riverbeds. It is commonly used in contexts related to nature, construction, or play. For example: the sand is warm「砂は温かい」(すなはあたたかい). Children are playing in the sand「子供たちが砂で遊んでいる」(こどもたちがすなであそんでいる). The word can also be used metaphorically, such as in the phrase '砂のように流れる時間 (すなのようにながれるじかん)' (time flowing like sand), which conveys the fleeting nature of time.

Radical

石

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

940

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Model, Type

Reading

Parts

刑Punish 土Soil

Example Word

小型: small size. The Japanese noun '小型 (こがた)' refers to something being of a small size or compact form. It is commonly used to describe objects, devices, or machinery that are designed to be smaller than the standard size. For example: This is a small-sized car「これは小型の車です」(これはこがたのくるまです). The company produces small-sized appliances「その会社は小型の家電を製造しています」(そのかいしゃはこがたのかでんをせいぞうしています). The term emphasizes the compactness or portability of the item in question.

Radical

土

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

977

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Investigate

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 且Moreover, Also

Example Word

審査: inspection or screening. The Japanese noun '審査 (しんさ)' refers to the process of examining or evaluating something carefully. It is commonly used in contexts such as quality checks, application reviews, or competition judging. For example: The inspection of the documents is complete「書類の審査が終わりました」(しょるいのしんさがおわりました). The screening process for the job applications is strict「求人の審査は厳しいです」(きゅうじんのしんさはきびしいです). This noun is often used in formal or professional settings to describe a thorough evaluation process.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

986

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bloom, Blossom

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 关Close

Example Word

咲く: bloom. The Japanese verb '咲く (さく)' means 'to bloom' or 'to flower'. It is specifically used to describe the blooming of flowers, such as cherry blossoms, roses, or other plants. This verb is often used in contexts related to nature, seasons, and beauty. For example: The cherry blossoms are blooming「桜が咲いている」(さくらがさいている). The flowers in the garden bloomed beautifully「庭の花がきれいに咲いた」(にわのはながきれいにさいた). Note that this verb is intransitive, meaning it does not take a direct object.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1004

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Inn, Pavilion

Reading

Parts

亠Lid 口Mouth 冖Crown 丁Street

Example Word

亭主: husband or innkeeper. The Japanese noun '亭主 (ていしゅ)' has two distinct meanings. The first and most common meaning is 'husband', often used in a somewhat traditional or old-fashioned context. For example: my husband is kind「私の亭主は優しい」(わたしのていしゅはやさしい). The second meaning is 'innkeeper' or 'proprietor of a traditional Japanese inn (ryokan)', which is less commonly used in modern Japanese. For example: the innkeeper welcomed us warmly「亭主が私たちを温かく迎えてくれた」(ていしゅがわたしたちをあたたかくむかえてくれた). The word carries a slightly formal or traditional nuance, and its usage depends heavily on context.

Radical

亠

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1036

Handwriting