Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Kanji School Grade

word

Meaning

Music

Reading

Kanji

音Sound 楽Music, Pleasure

Explanation

The Japanese noun '音楽 (おんがく)' means 'music'. It refers to the art form and cultural activity that involves organized sound, rhythm, and melody. This word is commonly used in contexts related to listening to, creating, or performing music. For example: I love music「音楽が大好きです」(おんがくがだいすきです). She studies music at university「彼女は大学で音楽を勉強しています」(かのじょはだいがくでおんがくをべんきょうしています). The word can also be used in compound terms, such as '音楽会 (おんがくかい)' (music concert) or '音楽家 (おんがくか)' (musician).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

812

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Science

Reading

Kanji

科Section, Department 学Learn

Explanation

The Japanese noun '科学 (かがく)' means 'science'. It refers to the systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment. This term is commonly used in academic, professional, and everyday contexts to discuss scientific fields, research, or principles. For example: Science is important「科学は大切です」(かがくはたいせつです). He studies science「彼は科学を勉強しています」(かれはかがくをべんきょうしています). The word can also appear in compound terms like '科学者 (かがくしゃ)' (scientist) or '科学技術 (かがくぎじゅつ)' (science and technology).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

825

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Older brother

Reading

Kanji

兄Older brother

Explanation

The Japanese noun '兄 (あに)' means 'older brother'. It is used to refer to one's own elder brother in a family context. This term is typically used when speaking about or to one's own brother, and it carries a sense of respect and familiarity. For example: My older brother is kind「私の兄は優しい」(わたしのあにはやさしい). I asked my older brother for help「兄に助けを求めた」(あににたすけをもとめた). It's important to note that '兄' is used specifically for one's own older brother, and when referring to someone else's older brother, the term 'お兄さん (おにいさん)' is more appropriate.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

829

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rotate

Reading

Kanji

回Revolve, Times

Explanation

The Japanese verb '回る (まわる)' primarily means 'to rotate' or 'to revolve'. It is used to describe the action of something moving in a circular or spinning motion. This verb can be applied to physical objects, such as wheels or planets, as well as abstract concepts like time or events. For example: the earth rotates around the sun「地球は太陽の周りを回る」(ちきゅうはたいようのまわりをまわる). The fan is spinning「扇風機が回っている」(せんぷうきがまわっている). Additionally, '回る' can also imply going around a place, as in 'to tour' or 'to make rounds', for example: he went around the city「彼は街を回った」(かれはまちをまわった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

831

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fun

Reading

Kanji

楽Music, Pleasure

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '楽しい (たのしい)' means 'fun' or 'enjoyable'. It is used to describe activities, events, or situations that bring joy, pleasure, or excitement. This word is commonly used in casual and formal contexts to express positive experiences. For example: The party was fun「パーティーは楽しかった」(ぱーてぃーはたのしかった). Reading books is enjoyable「本を読むのは楽しい」(ほんをよむのはたのしい). It can also be used to describe a person's feelings, as in 'I am having fun'「楽しいです」(たのしいです). Note that the past tense form is '楽しかった (たのしかった)', which is used to describe something that was fun in the past.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

852

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stand, Counter

Reading

Kanji

台Pedestal, Machine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '台 (だい)' has two primary meanings. First, it refers to a 'stand' or 'base' used to support or elevate something, such as a pedestal or platform. For example: the vase is on the stand「花瓶は台の上にある」(かびんはだいのうえにある). Second, it is used as a counter for machines, vehicles, or large equipment. For example: two cars「車が二台」(くるまがにだい). The word is versatile and context-dependent, so its meaning is determined by how it is used in a sentence.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

858

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Connect

Reading

Kanji

通Commute, Pass

Explanation

The Japanese verb '通ずる (つうずる)' means 'to connect' or 'to lead to'. It is often used to describe a path, road, or route that connects two places, or to describe a logical connection between ideas or concepts. For example: This road connects to the city「この道は街に通ずる」(このみちはまちにつうずる). His idea connects to a bigger problem「彼の考えは大きな問題に通ずる」(かれのかんがえはおおきなもんだいにつうずる). The verb can also be used in a more abstract sense to describe a connection or relationship between people or things. For example: Their friendship connects through shared experiences「彼らの友情は共有された経験に通ずる」(かれらのゆうじょうはきょうゆうされたけいけんにつうずる).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

859

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Life

Reading

Kanji

生Life 活Lively

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '生活 (せいかつ)' refers to 'life' in the sense of daily living or livelihood. It encompasses the activities, routines, and conditions that constitute a person's way of living. This term is often used in contexts related to lifestyle, living conditions, and daily necessities. For example: I want to improve my life「生活を改善したい」(せいかつをかいぜんしたい). His life is very busy「彼の生活はとても忙しい」(かれのせいかつはとてもいそがしい). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '日常生活 (にちじょうせいかつ)' meaning 'daily life'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

868

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Highschool

Reading

Kanji

高High, Expensive 校School

Explanation

The Japanese noun '高校 (こうこう)' is an abbreviation of '高等学校 (こうとうがっこう)', which means 'high school'. It refers to the educational institution that students attend after middle school, typically from ages 15 to 18. This term is widely used in everyday conversation and is essential for discussing education in Japan. Example sentences: I go to high school「私は高校に行きます」(わたしはこうこうにいきます). My high school is far from home「私の高校は家から遠い」(わたしのこうこうはいえからとおい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

872

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Commute

Reading

Kanji

通Commute, Pass 学Learn

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '通学 (つうがく)' refers to the act of commuting to school. It is commonly used to describe the daily journey students make from their homes to their educational institutions. This term is often used in contexts related to school life, transportation, and student routines. For example: I commute to school by train「私は電車で通学しています」(わたしはでんしゃでつうがくしています). The commute to school takes about an hour「通学には約1時間かかります」(つうがくにはやく1じかんかかります). It's important to note that '通学' specifically refers to commuting to school, not to work or other destinations.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

880

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Old

Reading

Kanji

古Old

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '古い (ふるい)' means 'old'. It is used to describe something that has existed for a long time or is not new. This can refer to objects, traditions, or even ideas. For example: This book is old「この本は古い」(このほんはふるい). That temple is old「あの寺は古い」(あのてらはふるい). The word can also imply something is outdated or no longer in fashion, as in '古い考え (ふるいかんがえ) (old-fashioned idea)'. It is important to note that '古い' is used for inanimate objects or abstract concepts, while '年老いた (としおいた)' is used for living beings to describe old age.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

887

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pass, Persist

Reading

Kanji

通Commute, Pass

Explanation

The Japanese verb '通す (とおす)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to pass through' or 'to let something pass', often used in physical contexts like passing through a place or allowing something to go through a barrier. For example: I will pass through the gate「門を通します」(もんをとおします). The second meaning is 'to persist' or 'to carry through', used when someone insists on doing something despite opposition or difficulty. For example: He persisted in his opinion「彼は意見を通した」(かれはけんをとおした). The verb can also imply a sense of continuity or thoroughness, such as reading through a book completely「本を通して読む」(ほんをとおしてよむ).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

893

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strength

Reading

Kanji

強Strong

Explanation

The Japanese noun '強さ (つよさ)' refers to 'strength'. This word is used to describe physical strength, emotional resilience, or the intensity of something. It can be applied to people, objects, or abstract concepts. For example: his strength is impressive「彼の強さは印象的だ」(かれのつよさはいんしょうてきだ). The strength of the wind is increasing「風の強さが増している」(かぜのつよさがふえている). This word is often used in contexts where the degree or level of strength is being discussed, such as in sports, weather, or personal qualities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

897

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Completely

Reading

Kanji

丸Round

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '丸で (まるで)' means 'completely' or 'entirely'. It is often used to emphasize that something is wholly or utterly a certain way, often in a figurative sense. It can also be used to draw comparisons, similar to the English phrase 'just like'. For example: It's completely different「丸で違う」(まるでちがう). It's just like a dream「丸で夢のようだ」(まるでゆめのようだ). The word can carry a nuance of surprise or exaggeration, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

898

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drawer

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '引き出し (ひきだし)' primarily means 'drawer', referring to a sliding container in furniture like desks or cabinets. It can also metaphorically describe a person's range of knowledge or ideas, akin to 'drawing from one's experiences'. Example sentences: Please put the documents in the drawer「書類を引き出しに入れてください」(しょるいをひきだしにいれてください). He has a wide range of ideas in his mental drawer「彼は頭の中に広い引き出しを持っている」(かれはあたまのなかにひろいひきだしをもっている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

900

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Same

Reading

Kanji

同Same

Explanation

The Japanese noun '同 (どう)' means 'same'. It is often used to indicate that two or more things are identical or equivalent. This word can be used in various contexts, such as in formal documents, comparisons, or general descriptions. For example: the same opinion「同じ意見」(おなじいけん). The same day「同じ日」(おなじひ). Note that '同' is often combined with other kanji to form compound words, such as '同時 (どうじ)' (simultaneous) or '同僚 (どうりょう)' (colleague).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

901

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thought, Idea

Reading

Kanji

考Think, Consider

Explanation

The Japanese noun '考え (かんがえ)' refers to a 'thought' or 'idea'. It is used to describe the process of thinking or the result of that process, such as a concept or opinion. This word is often used in contexts where someone is expressing their thoughts or ideas about a particular topic. For example: His thoughts are always deep「彼の考えはいつも深い」(かれのかんがえはいつもふかい). I have a new idea「新しい考えがあります」(あたらしいかんがえがあります). It can also be used in phrases like '考えを変える (かんがえをかえる)' which means 'to change one's mind'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

915

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Paper

Reading

Kanji

紙Paper

Explanation

The Japanese noun '紙 (かみ)' means 'paper'. It refers to the material used for writing, printing, or packaging. This word is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as in offices, schools, or homes. For example: Please give me a sheet of paper「紙を一枚ください」(かみをいちまいください). This book is made of recycled paper「この本は再生紙でできています」(このほんはさいせいしでできています). The word can also be used in compound words, such as '折り紙 (おりがみ)' (origami) or '新聞紙 (しんぶんし)' (newspaper).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

935

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Half

Reading

Kanji

半Half

Explanation

The Japanese noun '半 (はん)' means 'half'. It is commonly used to indicate a division of something into two equal parts. This word can be used in various contexts, such as time, quantities, or physical objects. For example: half past six「六時半」(ろくじはん). Half of the cake「ケーキの半分」(ケーキのはんぶん). It is important to note that '半' is often combined with other words to specify what is being divided, such as '半分 (はんぶん)' which means 'half' in a more general sense.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

941

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Picture

Reading

Kanji

絵Picture

Explanation

The Japanese noun '絵 (え)' means 'picture' or 'painting'. It refers to a visual representation, typically created through drawing, painting, or other artistic methods. This word is commonly used in contexts involving art, illustrations, or any form of visual depiction. For example: This is a beautiful picture「これは美しい絵です」(これはうつくしいえです). I like to draw pictures「絵を描くのが好きです」(えをかくのがすきです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a vivid mental image or scenario, as in '絵に描いたような美しさ (えにかいたようなうつくしさ)' meaning 'beauty as if painted in a picture'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

953

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Father

Reading

Kanji

父Father 親Parent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '父親 (ちちおや)' refers to one's father, specifically in the context of being a parent. It is a formal and respectful term, often used when discussing family roles or relationships. For example: My father is strict「私の父親は厳しい」(わたしのちちおやはきびしい). His father is a doctor「彼の父親は医者です」(かれのちちおやはいしゃです). The term emphasizes the role of the father within the family structure and is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

957

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Itself

Reading

Kanji

自Self 体Body

Explanation

The Japanese noun '自体 (じたい)' means 'itself' or 'in itself'. It is used to emphasize the subject or object being discussed, often to indicate that something is being considered independently or inherently. For example: The problem itself is not difficult「問題自体は難しくない」(もんだいじたいはむずかしくない). The book itself is interesting「本自体は面白い」(ほんじたいはおもしろい). This word is often used to shift focus to the core nature of something, excluding external factors or influences.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

960

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Calculation

Reading

Kanji

計Measure, Plan 算Calculate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '計算 (けいさん)' means 'calculation'. It refers to the process of performing mathematical operations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division. It can also be used metaphorically to describe planning or estimating outcomes. For example: I did the calculation「計算をしました」(けいさんをしました). The calculation was correct「計算は正しかった」(けいさんはただしかった). This word is often used in contexts involving math, finance, or strategic planning.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

975

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Subtraction

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 算Calculate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '引き算 (ひきざん)' refers to the mathematical operation of subtraction. It is commonly used in educational contexts, such as in math classes or when explaining basic arithmetic. For example: I am practicing subtraction「引き算を練習しています」(ひきざんをれんしゅうしています). Subtraction is easier than addition「引き算は足し算より簡単です」(ひきざんはたしざんよりかんたんです). This term is often used alongside other arithmetic operations like '足し算 (たしざん) (addition)' and '掛け算 (かけざん) (multiplication)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

977

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Every

Reading

Kanji

毎Every

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '毎 (ごと)' is used to indicate 'every' or 'each' in relation to time, frequency, or repetition. It is commonly attached to nouns to express regularity or intervals. For example: every day「毎日」(まいにち), every year「毎年」(まいとし), every time「毎回」(まいかい). This suffix is versatile and can be used with various time-related nouns to convey the idea of something happening consistently or repeatedly. Note that '毎' is often written in kanji but pronounced as 'ごと' when used as a suffix.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

978

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Addition

Reading

Kanji

足Foot, Sufficient 算Calculate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '足し算 (たしざん)' refers to the mathematical operation of addition. It is used to describe the process of adding numbers together to find their total. This term is commonly used in educational settings, such as in math classes or when teaching children basic arithmetic. For example: Let's do addition「足し算をしましょう」(たしざんをしましょう). I am good at addition「私は足し算が得意です」(わたしはたしざんがとくいです). The term can also be used in everyday contexts when discussing calculations or sums.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

980

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Department

Reading

Kanji

科Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '科 (か)' is commonly used to denote a department, division, or field of study, particularly in academic, medical, or organizational contexts. It often follows a specific area of expertise or subject, such as in '医学部 (いがくぶ)' (medical department) or '理科 (りか)' (science). For example: She works in the dermatology department「彼女は皮膚科で働いています」(かのじょはひふかではたらいています). The biology department is on the third floor「生物学の科は三階にあります」(せいぶつがくのかはさんがいにあります). This suffix is also used in medical fields to specify a specialty, such as '眼科 (がんか)' (ophthalmology).

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

984

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Enjoy

Reading

Kanji

楽Music, Pleasure

Explanation

The Japanese verb '楽しむ (たのしむ)' means 'to enjoy'. It is used to express the act of taking pleasure in something, whether it be an activity, event, or experience. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as enjoying a hobby, a meal, or a moment. For example: I enjoy reading books「私は本を読むのを楽しむ」(わたしはほんをよむのをたのしむ). They enjoyed the party「彼らはパーティーを楽しんだ」(かれらはパーティーをたのしんだ). It can also imply looking forward to something with pleasure, as in 'I am looking forward to the trip'「旅行を楽しみにしている」(りょこうをたのしみにしている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

993

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Language

Reading

Kanji

言Say 語Language, Word

Explanation

The Japanese noun '言語 (げんご)' refers to 'language', specifically the system of communication used by a particular community or country. It encompasses spoken, written, and signed forms of communication. This term is often used in academic, technical, or formal contexts. For example: He studies foreign languages「彼は外国語を勉強しています」(かれはがいこくごをべんきょうしています). The evolution of language is fascinating「言語の進化は魅力的です」(げんごのしんかはみりょくてきです). Note that '言語' is more formal than the more commonly used '言葉 (ことば)', which can also mean 'language' but often refers to words or speech in a more general sense.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1005

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stamp

Reading

Kanji

切Cut 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '切手 (きって)' refers to a postage stamp, which is a small piece of paper issued by a post office, prepaid and affixed to mail as evidence of payment of postage. It is commonly used when sending letters or postcards. For example: I bought a stamp「切手を買いました」(きってをかいました). This stamp is beautiful「この切手はきれいです」(このきってはきれいです). The word '切手' is often used in contexts related to mailing and postal services, and it is a standard term in everyday Japanese for referring to postage stamps.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1006

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sellout

Reading

Kanji

売Sell 切Cut

Explanation

The Japanese verb '売り切れる (うりきれる)' means 'to sell out' or 'to be sold out'. This verb is used to describe a situation where all items of a particular product have been sold and none remain in stock. It is commonly used in retail and shopping contexts. For example: The concert tickets sold out quickly「コンサートのチケットはすぐに売り切れた」(コンサートのチケットはすぐにうりきれた). The new smartphone model has already sold out「新しいスマートフォンのモデルはもう売り切れている」(あたらしいスマートフォンのモデルはもううりきれている). It's important to note that this verb is often used in its past tense form to indicate that something has already sold out.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1007

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Probably

Reading

Kanji

多Many 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '多分 (たぶん)' means 'probably' or 'perhaps'. It is used to express uncertainty or likelihood about a situation or event. This word is commonly used in casual conversations and can be placed at the beginning or middle of a sentence. For example: He will probably come tomorrow「多分彼は明日来る」(たぶんかれはあしたくる). It will probably rain「多分雨が降る」(たぶんあめがふる). Note that '多分' conveys a sense of speculation and is less definitive than words like 'きっと' (certainly).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1008

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sold out

Reading

Kanji

売Sell 切Cut

Explanation

The Japanese noun '売り切れ (うりきれ)' means 'sold out'. It is used to indicate that all items of a particular product have been sold and are no longer available. This term is commonly seen in retail, online shopping, and event ticketing contexts. For example: The concert tickets are sold out「コンサートのチケットは売り切れです」(コンサートのチケットはうりきれです). The new smartphone model is already sold out「新しいスマートフォンのモデルはもう売り切れです」(あたらしいスマートフォンのモデルはもううりきれです). It is important to note that '売り切れ' is often used in formal and informal settings alike, and it can be combined with other words to specify what is sold out, such as '売り切れ商品 (うりきれしょうひん)' meaning 'sold-out product'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1009

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mood

Reading

Kanji

気Spirit 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese noun '気分 (きぶん)' refers to one's mood or emotional state. It can describe how someone feels emotionally or physically at a given moment. For example: I'm in a good mood today「今日は気分がいい」(きょうはきぶんがいい). She's in a bad mood「彼女は気分が悪い」(かのじょはきぶんがわるい). Additionally, '気分' can also refer to the atmosphere or vibe of a place or situation, such as: The atmosphere here is relaxing「ここは気分が落ち着く」(ここはきぶんがおちつく). Note that '気分' is often used in contexts related to emotional well-being or the general feeling of a situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1014

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Horse

Reading

Kanji

馬Horse

Explanation

The Japanese noun '馬 (うま)' means 'horse'. This word refers to the animal, specifically the domesticated species Equus ferus caballus. It is commonly used in everyday language as well as in idiomatic expressions. For example: I saw a horse at the farm「牧場で馬を見た」(ぼくじょうでうまをみた). The horse is running fast「馬が速く走っている」(うまがはやくはしっている). In Japanese culture, horses have historical significance, often associated with samurai and traditional festivals. The word can also appear in compound words, such as '競馬 (けいば)' (horse racing).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1024

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Week

Reading

Kanji

週Week 間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '週間 (しゅうかん)' means 'week' and is used to indicate a period of time lasting seven days. It is commonly attached to numbers or other words to specify a duration in weeks. For example: two weeks「二週間」(にしゅうかん). This suffix is often used in contexts like schedules, events, or time frames. For instance: the festival lasts for three weeks「祭りは三週間続きます」(まつりはさんしゅうかんつづきます). It is important to note that '週間' is a noun and is typically used in combination with other words to form compound nouns.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1031

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Summer

Reading

Kanji

夏Summer

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夏 (なつ)' means 'summer'. It refers to the hottest season of the year, typically associated with warm weather, vacations, and festivals in Japan. This word is commonly used in daily conversations, literature, and media to describe the season or events occurring during this time. For example: I love summer「夏が大好きです」(なつがだいすきです). Summer in Japan is hot「日本の夏は暑い」(にほんのなつはあつい). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '夏休み (なつやすみ)' (summer vacation) or '夏祭り (なつまつり)' (summer festival).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1042

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Letter

Reading

Kanji

手Hand 紙Paper

Explanation

The Japanese noun '手紙 (てがみ)' means 'letter', referring to a written message typically sent to someone. It is commonly used to describe personal correspondence, such as letters written by hand or typed. For example: I received a letter from my friend「友達から手紙をもらった」(ともだちからてがみをもらった). She writes a letter every week「彼女は毎週手紙を書く」(かのじょはまいしゅうてがみをかく). The word can also imply a sense of thoughtfulness or effort, as it often involves personal communication rather than digital messages.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1080

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

East

Reading

Kanji

東East

Explanation

The Japanese noun '東 (ひがし)' means 'east'. It refers to one of the four cardinal directions and is commonly used in geographical contexts, such as describing locations or directions. For example: The sun rises in the east「太陽は東から昇る」(たいようはひがしからのぼる). Kyoto is east of Osaka「京都は大阪の東にある」(きょうとはおおさかのひがしにある). The word can also be used in compound words, such as '東日本 (ひがしにほん)' meaning 'eastern Japan'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1088

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

North

Reading

Kanji

北North

Explanation

The Japanese noun '北 (きた)' means 'north'. It refers to the cardinal direction and is commonly used in geographical contexts, such as indicating a location or giving directions. For example: The wind is coming from the north「風が北から吹いている」(かぜがきたからふいている). Hokkaido is in the north of Japan「北海道は日本の北にある」(ほっかいどうはにほんのきたにある). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something as being in a northern position relative to something else.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1111

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Garden

Reading

Kanji

園Garden

Explanation

The Japanese noun '園 (その)' primarily means 'garden'. It refers to a cultivated area of land, often used for growing plants, flowers, or vegetables. This word can also be used in compound words to denote specific types of gardens or parks, such as '動物園 (どうぶつえん)' (zoo) or '幼稚園 (ようちえん)' (kindergarten). Example sentences: The garden is beautiful「その園は美しい」(そのそのはうつくしい). I went to the zoo「動物園に行った」(どうぶつえんにいった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1121

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tomorrow

Reading

Kanji

明Bright 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '明日 (あす)' means 'tomorrow'. It refers to the day after today. This word is commonly used in daily conversations and can be used in various contexts, such as making plans or discussing future events. For example: I will go to the park tomorrow「明日、公園に行きます」(あす、こうえんにいきます). Tomorrow is a holiday「明日は休日です」(あすはきゅうじつです). It's important to note that '明日' can also be read as 'あした' in some contexts, which carries the same meaning but is slightly more casual.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1144

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Religion

Reading

Kanji

教Teach

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '教 (きょう)' means 'religion' or 'teaching'. It is commonly used as a suffix to denote a specific religion or system of belief. For example: Christianity「キリスト教」(きりすときょう), Buddhism「仏教」(ぶっきょう), or Confucianism「儒教」(じゅきょう). This suffix is attached to the name or root of the religion to form the word. It is important to note that '教' can also appear in other contexts, such as '教育 (きょういく)' meaning 'education', but as a standalone suffix, it primarily refers to religious teachings or systems.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1158

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Singer

Reading

Kanji

歌Song 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '歌手 (かしゅ)' means 'singer'. This term is used to refer to a person who sings professionally or as a hobby. It is commonly used in contexts related to music, performances, and entertainment. For example: She is a famous singer「彼女は有名な歌手です」(かのじょはゆうめいなかしゅです). I want to become a singer「歌手になりたい」(かしゅになりたい). The word can be used to describe singers in various genres, such as pop, classical, or jazz.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1164

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plan

Reading

Kanji

計Measure, Plan 画Picture

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '計画 (けいかく)' means 'plan'. It refers to a detailed proposal for doing or achieving something, often involving a series of steps or actions. This word is commonly used in both personal and professional contexts to describe strategies, projects, or schedules. For example: I made a plan for the trip「旅行の計画を立てた」(りょこうのけいかくをたてた). The company is working on a new business plan「会社は新しい事業計画を進めている」(かいしゃはあたらしいじぎょうけいかくをすすめている). The nuance of '計画' often implies a structured and deliberate approach to achieving a goal.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1166

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pass

Reading

Kanji

通Commute, Pass

Explanation

The Japanese verb '通る (とおる)' primarily means 'to pass' or 'to go through'. It is used to describe the action of moving through a space, such as a road, a door, or a tunnel. It can also be used metaphorically to indicate that something has been understood or accepted, such as an idea or a proposal. For example: The car passed through the tunnel「車がトンネルを通った」(くるまがトンネルをとおった). The proposal passed at the meeting「提案が会議で通った」(ていあんがかいぎでとおった). Additionally, '通る' can be used to describe the act of passing by a place without stopping, as in: I passed by the park「公園を通った」(こうえんをとおった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1174

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Various

Reading

Kanji

色Color

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '色々 (いろいろ)' means 'various' or 'a variety of'. It is used to describe a range of different things or situations. This word is often used to indicate diversity or multiplicity. For example: There are various kinds of flowers「色々な花があります」(いろいろなはながあります). I have various hobbies「私は色々な趣味があります」(わたしはいろいろなしゅみがあります). It can also be used to express that someone has tried many different things, as in 'I've tried various methods「色々な方法を試しました」(いろいろなほうほうをためしました)'. The word is versatile and can be used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1184

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Spread

Reading

Kanji

広Wide

Explanation

The Japanese verb '広がる (ひろがる)' means 'to spread' or 'to expand'. It is used to describe something that extends over a larger area or becomes more widespread. This can refer to physical expansion, such as a stain spreading on fabric, or abstract concepts like rumors or influence spreading. For example: The news spread quickly「ニュースがすぐに広がった」(ニュースがすぐにひろがった). The view spread out before us「目の前に景色が広がった」(めのまえにけしきがひろがった). It can also imply the idea of something unfolding or opening up, such as a flower blooming or opportunities becoming available.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1187

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Originally

Reading

Kanji

元Origin

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '元々 (もともと)' means 'originally' or 'from the start'. It is used to indicate that something has been a certain way since the beginning or to emphasize the inherent nature of something. This word is often used to clarify that a situation or condition is not new but has always existed. For example: I was originally from Kyoto「元々京都出身です」(もともときょうとしゅっしんです). This place was originally a park「元々ここは公園でした」(もともとここはこうえんでした). The word can also imply that something is natural or expected, as in '元々彼は優しい人です (もともとかれはやさしいひとです) (He was originally a kind person).'

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1189

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fish

Reading

Kanji

魚Fish

Explanation

The Japanese noun '魚 (さかな)' means 'fish'. This word refers to the aquatic animal, and it is commonly used in everyday conversation, cooking, and biology. It can refer to fish in general or specific types of fish, depending on the context. For example: I like fish「魚が好きです」(さかながすきです). This fish is delicious「この魚は美味しい」(このさかなはおいしい). When used in compound words, it often retains its meaning, such as in '魚市場 (さかないちば)' (fish market). Note that '魚' can also be read as 'うお' in certain contexts, but 'さかな' is the more common reading in modern Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1190

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Square

Reading

Kanji

四Four 角Corner, Angle

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '四角い (しかくい)' means 'square'. It is used to describe objects or shapes that have four equal sides and four right angles, resembling a square. This word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is rigid or inflexible in nature. For example: This table is square「このテーブルは四角い」(このテーブルはしかくい). His way of thinking is too square「彼の考え方は四角すぎる」(かれのかんがえかたはしかくすぎる). Note that '四角い' is often used to describe physical shapes, but it can also be applied to abstract concepts to imply a lack of flexibility.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1199

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Intersection

Reading

Kanji

四Four 角Corner, Angle

Explanation

The Japanese noun '四つ角 (よつかど)' refers to an intersection where two roads or streets cross each other, typically forming a four-way crossing. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation when giving directions or describing locations. For example: Turn right at the intersection「四つ角を右に曲がってください」(よつかどをみぎにまがってください). The store is at the intersection「その店は四つ角にあります」(そのみせはよつかどにあります). The word emphasizes the four-cornered nature of the crossing, making it distinct from other types of intersections.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1200

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Duke

Reading

Kanji

公Public

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '公 (こう)' refers to a title of nobility, specifically 'duke'. It is used in historical and formal contexts to denote a high-ranking nobleman. For example: The Duke of Wellington「ウェリントン公」(うぇりんとんこう). This suffix is often attached to names or titles to indicate the person's noble rank. It is important to note that '公' can also be part of compound words related to public or official matters, but in this context, it specifically refers to the noble title.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1226

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Library

Reading

Kanji

図Map 書Write 室Room

Explanation

The Japanese noun '図書室 (としょしつ)' refers to a 'library', specifically a room or space where books and other reading materials are kept for reading or borrowing. It is commonly used in schools, universities, or public buildings. For example: I borrowed a book from the library「図書室から本を借りました」(としょしつからほんをかりました). The library is quiet「図書室は静かです」(としょしつはしずかです). This word is often associated with educational or institutional settings, and it emphasizes the function of the space as a repository for books and study materials.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1229

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

President, CEO

Reading

Kanji

社Company 長Long, Leader

Explanation

The Japanese noun '社長 (しゃちょう)' refers to the president or CEO of a company. It is a formal title used to address or refer to the highest-ranking executive in a business organization. This term is commonly used in professional settings and carries a sense of respect and authority. For example: The president of the company is very busy「社長はとても忙しい」(しゃちょうはとてもいそがしい). I met the CEO yesterday「昨日社長に会いました」(きのうしゃちょうにあいました). Note that '社長' is often used in combination with honorifics, such as '社長さん' or '社長様', to show additional respect.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1231

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Older sister

Reading

Kanji

姉Older sister

Explanation

The Japanese noun '姉 (あね)' means 'older sister'. It is used to refer to one's own elder sister or someone else's elder sister in a respectful manner. This term is commonly used in family contexts and carries a sense of respect and affection. For example: My older sister is kind「私の姉は優しい」(わたしのあねはやさしい). His older sister is a teacher「彼の姉は先生です」(かれのあねはせんせいです). It's important to note that '姉' is used specifically for an older sister, and there are different terms for younger sister (妹, いもうと).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1232

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kind

Reading

Kanji

親Parent 切Cut

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '親切 (しんせつ)' means 'kind' or 'kindness'. It is used to describe someone who is considerate, helpful, and thoughtful towards others. This word is often used to express gratitude or appreciation for someone's thoughtful actions. For example: She is very kind「彼女はとても親切です」(かのじょはとてもしんせつです). Thank you for your kindness「親切にありがとう」(しんせつにありがとう). It can also be used to describe actions or gestures, as in '親切な行為 (しんせつなこうい) (kind act)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1234

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Factory

Reading

Kanji

工Construction 場Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '工場 (こうじょう)' means 'factory'. It refers to a place where goods are manufactured or processed, often involving machinery and industrial operations. This word is commonly used in contexts related to industry, production, and manufacturing. For example: The factory is large「その工場は大きい」(そのこうじょうはおおきい). I work at a car factory「私は自動車工場で働いています」(わたしはじどうしゃこうじょうではたらいています). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a place where something is produced or created in large quantities, such as 'a factory of ideas'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1237

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sister

Reading

Kanji

姉Older sister

Explanation

The Japanese noun '姉さん (ねえさん)' refers to an older sister. It is a respectful and affectionate term used to address or refer to one's own older sister or someone else's older sister. This term is commonly used in both formal and informal settings. For example: My sister is kind「私の姉さんは優しい」(わたしのねえさんはやさしい). Your sister is very beautiful「あなたの姉さんはとてもきれいです」(あなたのねえさんはとてもきれいです). It's important to note that '姉さん' can also be used to address older women in a respectful manner, similar to 'miss' or 'ma'am' in English, especially in service contexts like restaurants or shops.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1242

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Older brother

Reading

Kanji

兄Older brother

Explanation

The Japanese noun '兄さん (にいさん)' refers to an older brother. It is a respectful and affectionate term used to address or refer to one's own older brother or someone else's older brother. This term is commonly used in casual and familial settings. For example: My older brother is kind「私の兄さんは優しい」(わたしのにいさんはやさしい). Your older brother is tall「あなたの兄さんは背が高い」(あなたのにいさんはせがたかい). Note that '兄さん' is more casual and affectionate compared to the formal term '兄 (あに)', which is used in more formal contexts or when speaking about one's own older brother in a respectful manner.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1243

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Future

Reading

Kanji

今Now 後After, Behind

Explanation

The Japanese noun '今後 (こんご)' refers to the 'future' or 'from now on'. It is used to indicate a period of time that starts from the present moment and extends into the future. This term is often used in formal or business contexts to discuss plans, expectations, or changes that will occur moving forward. For example: We will focus on quality improvement from now on「今後は品質向上に力を入れます」(こんごはひんしつこうじょうにちからをいれます). I hope we can continue to work together in the future「今後ともどうぞよろしくお願いします」(こんごともどうぞよろしくおねがいします). The term emphasizes a forward-looking perspective and is commonly used in professional settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1251

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tea

Reading

Kanji

茶Tea

Explanation

The Japanese noun '茶 (ちゃ)' refers to 'tea', a popular beverage made from steeping tea leaves in hot water. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can refer to various types of tea, such as green tea (緑茶, りょくちゃ) or black tea (紅茶, こうちゃ). Example sentences: I drink tea every morning「毎朝茶を飲みます」(まいあさちゃをのみます). This tea is delicious「この茶はおいしい」(このちゃはおいしい). The word can also be part of compound words, such as 'tea ceremony' (茶道, さどう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1252

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Spring

Reading

Kanji

春Spring

Explanation

The Japanese noun '春 (はる)' means 'spring', referring to the season between winter and summer. It is often associated with renewal, blooming flowers, and warmer weather. This word is commonly used in both everyday conversation and literature to evoke the imagery and feelings of spring. For example: Spring has arrived「春が来た」(はるがきた). I love spring because of the cherry blossoms「桜があるので春が大好きです」(さくらがあるのではるがだいすきです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a period of new beginnings or growth.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1271

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rice

Reading

Kanji

米Rice

Explanation

The Japanese noun '米 (べい)' primarily refers to 'rice', which is a staple food in Japan. This term is often used in contexts related to agriculture, cooking, and daily meals. For example: I bought rice「米を買いました」(べいをかいました). Rice is essential in Japanese cuisine「米は日本料理に欠かせない」(べいはにほんりょうりにかかせない). It's important to note that '米' can also refer to uncooked rice, distinguishing it from 'ご飯 (ごはん)', which typically refers to cooked rice or a meal.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1274

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Back

Reading

Kanji

後After, Behind

Explanation

The Japanese noun '後ろ (うしろ)' means 'back' and refers to the rear or behind something. It is commonly used to describe the position or direction of something relative to another object or person. For example: The book is behind the chair「本は椅子の後ろにある」(ほんはいすのうしろにある). She stood behind me「彼女は私の後ろに立っていた」(かのじょはわたしのうしろにたっていた). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe something hidden or not immediately visible, such as 'the truth behind the story'「物語の後ろにある真実」(ものがたりのうしろにあるしんじつ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1281

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Snow

Reading

Kanji

雪Snow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '雪 (ゆき)' means 'snow'. This word refers to the frozen precipitation that falls from the sky in cold weather. It is commonly used to describe weather conditions or to talk about snowy landscapes. For example: The snow is beautiful「雪がきれいです」(ゆきがきれいです). I like snow「私は雪が好きです」(わたしはゆきがすきです). Snow can also be used metaphorically to describe something pure or white, such as '雪のような肌 (ゆきのようなはだ)' meaning 'skin like snow'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1283

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Make

Reading

Kanji

作Make

Explanation

The Japanese noun '作り (つくり)' refers to the act of making, creating, or constructing something. It can also denote the structure, build, or composition of an object. This word is often used in contexts related to craftsmanship, manufacturing, or the inherent design of something. For example: the make of this car is excellent「この車の作りは素晴らしい」(このくるまのつくりはすばらしい). The structure of this building is unique「この建物の作りは独特だ」(このたてもののつくりはどくとくだ). Additionally, '作り' can be used metaphorically to describe the nature or character of a person, as in '彼の作りは頑丈だ (かれのつくりはがんじょうだ) (His build is sturdy).'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1296

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Circle

Reading

Kanji

丸Round

Explanation

The Japanese noun '丸 (まる)' primarily means 'circle'. It refers to a round shape or something that is circular in form. This word can be used in various contexts, such as describing shapes, objects, or even in idiomatic expressions. For example: draw a circle「丸を描く」(まるをえがく). The moon is round「月は丸い」(つきはまるい). Additionally, '丸' can sometimes be used to indicate completeness or entirety, as in '丸ごと (まるごと)' meaning 'whole' or 'entire'. However, the primary and most common meaning is 'circle'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1300

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Textbook

Reading

Kanji

教Teach 科Section, Department 書Write

Explanation

The Japanese noun '教科書 (きょうかしょ)' means 'textbook'. It refers to a book used as a standard source of information for formal study of a subject, typically in schools or educational institutions. This word is commonly used in academic settings. For example: I forgot my textbook「教科書を忘れました」(きょうかしょをわすれました). This textbook is very useful「この教科書はとても役に立ちます」(このきょうかしょはとてもやくにたちます). The word is often associated with subjects like math, science, or history, and is essential for students in Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1318

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Science

Reading

Kanji

理Reason 科Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '理科 (りか)' refers to the academic subject of 'science', particularly in the context of school education. It encompasses natural sciences such as physics, chemistry, biology, and earth sciences. This term is commonly used in educational settings to describe the subject or curriculum. For example: I like science「私は理科が好きです」(わたしはりかがすきです). Science is interesting「理科は面白い」(りかはおもしろい). The word '理科' is distinct from '科学 (かがく)', which refers to science in a broader, more general sense, including research and applied sciences.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1320

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Group, Class

Reading

Kanji

組Association, Group

Explanation

The Japanese noun '組 (くみ)' primarily means 'group' or 'class'. It is commonly used to refer to a group of people, such as a team, class, or organization. For example: I belong to the soccer group「私はサッカーの組に所属しています」(わたしはサッカーのくみにしょぞくしています). This class is very active「この組はとても活発です」(このくみはとてもかっぱつです). Additionally, '組' can also refer to a pair or set of items, such as in 'a set of tools'「工具の組」(こうぐのくみ). The word is versatile and context-dependent, so its meaning can shift slightly based on usage.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1323

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

West

Reading

Kanji

西West

Explanation

The Japanese noun '西 (にし)' means 'west'. It is used to indicate the cardinal direction west, and can be used in various contexts such as geography, navigation, or describing locations. For example: The sun sets in the west「太陽は西に沈む」(たいようはにしにしずむ). Kyoto is west of Tokyo「京都は東京の西にある」(きょうとはとうきょうのにしにある). The word can also be part of compound words, such as '西側 (にしがわ)' meaning 'west side' or 'western side'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1330

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

South

Reading

Kanji

南South

Explanation

The Japanese noun '南 (みなみ)' means 'south'. It refers to the cardinal direction and is commonly used in geographical contexts, such as describing locations, directions, or regions. For example: the wind is blowing from the south「南から風が吹いている」(みなみからかぜがふいている). The hotel is located in the south of the city「ホテルは街の南にあります」(ホテルはまちのみなみにあります). This word is straightforward and does not carry additional nuanced meanings beyond its directional sense.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1333

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Eat

Reading

Kanji

食Eat, Food

Explanation

The Japanese verb '食う (くう)' means 'to eat'. It is a more casual and sometimes rough way of saying 'to eat' compared to the more polite '食べる (たべる)'. This verb is often used in informal settings or among close friends. It can also imply a sense of greediness or voracity when eating. For example: He ate all the food「彼は全部食った」(かれはぜんぶくった). I ate too much「食いすぎた」(くいすぎた). Note that while '食う' can be used to describe animals eating, it is less commonly used in polite or formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1355

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Half

Reading

Kanji

半Half 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese noun '半分 (はんぶん)' means 'half'. It is used to describe one of two equal parts of something. This word is commonly used in everyday conversations, such as dividing food, time, or objects. For example: I ate half of the cake「ケーキの半分を食べた」(ケーキのはんぶんをたべた). Let's split the work in half「仕事を半分に分けよう」(しごとをはんぶんにわけよう). The word can also be used metaphorically, as in 'half of my heart is broken'「私の心の半分は壊れている」(わたしのこころのはんぶんはこわれている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1360

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Domestic

Reading

Kanji

国Country 内Inside

Explanation

The Japanese noun '国内 (こくない)' means 'domestic' and refers to something within a country, as opposed to international. It is commonly used in contexts such as domestic travel, domestic markets, or domestic affairs. For example: domestic travel is popular「国内旅行は人気です」(こくないりょこうはにんきです). The domestic market is growing「国内市場は成長しています」(こくないしじょうはせいちょうしています). This word is often used in contrast with '国際 (こくさい)', which means 'international'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1373

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bright, Cheerful

Reading

Kanji

明Bright

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '明るい (あかるい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'bright', referring to something that emits or reflects a lot of light, such as a room or a light source. For example: The room is bright「部屋は明るい」(へやはあかるい). The second meaning is 'cheerful', describing a person's personality or mood as lively and optimistic. For example: She is cheerful「彼女は明るい」(かのじょはあかるい). These meanings are distinct but share a common theme of positivity and light. The word can also be used metaphorically to describe situations or atmospheres that are uplifting or optimistic.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1380

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

This time

Reading

Kanji

今Now 回Revolve, Times

Explanation

The Japanese noun '今回 (こんかい)' means 'this time' or 'the present occasion'. It is used to refer to the current instance or occurrence of an event, often in contrast to previous or future instances. For example: This time, I will do my best「今回、頑張ります」(こんかい、がんばります). This time's meeting was very productive「今回の会議はとても生産的でした」(こんかいのかいぎはとてもせいさんてきでした). The word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to specify the current event or situation being discussed.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1384

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Overseas

Reading

Kanji

海Sea 外Outside

Explanation

The Japanese noun '海外 (かいがい)' means 'overseas'. It refers to foreign countries or regions outside of Japan. This term is commonly used in contexts related to travel, business, education, or cultural exchange. For example: I want to travel overseas「海外へ旅行したい」(かいがいへりょこうしたい). He works for an overseas company「彼は海外の会社で働いている」(かれはかいがいのかいしゃではたらいている). The word can also be used in phrases like '海外旅行 (かいがいりょこう)' (overseas travel) or '海外留学 (かいがいりゅうがく)' (studying abroad).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1399

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Space

Reading

Kanji

空Sky, Empty 間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese noun '空間 (くうかん)' primarily means 'space'. It refers to a physical or abstract area, such as an empty area, a room, or even a conceptual space. For example: there is not enough space in this room「この部屋には十分な空間がない」(このへやにはじゅうぶんなくうかんがない). The space between the two buildings is narrow「二つの建物の間の空間は狭い」(ふたつのたてもののあいだのくうかんはせまい). It can also refer to a mental or emotional space, such as 'personal space' or 'creative space'. For instance: I need some space to think「考えるための空間が必要だ」(かんがえるためのくうかんがひつようだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1411

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Honest

Reading

Kanji

正Correct 直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '正直 (しょうじき)' means 'honest'. It is used to describe someone who is truthful, sincere, and straightforward in their actions or words. It can also describe situations or statements that are candid or frank. For example: he is an honest person「彼は正直な人です」(かれはしょうじきなひとです). To be honest, I don't like it「正直に言うと、好きじゃない」(しょうじきにいうと、すきじゃない). The word can also function as an adverb, as in '正直に言う (しょうじきにいう) (to speak honestly)'. It carries a positive connotation and is often used to praise someone's character or to emphasize sincerity in communication.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1418

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

USA

Reading

Kanji

米Rice 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun '米国 (べいこく)' refers to the United States of America (USA). The term is derived from the kanji '米' meaning 'rice', which is used phonetically here to represent 'America'. This term is commonly used in formal contexts, news, and official documents. For example: I am going to the USA next week「来週、米国に行きます」(らいしゅう、べいこくにいきます). The USA is a big country「米国は大きな国です」(べいこくはおおきなくにです). It is important to note that '米国' is more formal than the alternative term 'アメリカ', which is used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1442

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Record

Reading

Kanji

記Record

Explanation

The Japanese verb '記す (しるす)' means 'to record' or 'to write down'. It is used to describe the act of documenting or noting something in writing, often for the purpose of preserving information. This verb is commonly used in formal or literary contexts. For example: He recorded the event in his diary「彼はその出来事を日記に記した」(かれはそのできごとをにっきにしるした). The scientist noted the results of the experiment「科学者は実験の結果を記した」(かがくしゃはじっけんのけっかをしるした). The verb can also imply a sense of importance or permanence in the act of recording.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1444

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stop

Reading

Kanji

止Stop

Explanation

The Japanese verb '止まる (とまる)' means 'to stop'. It is used to describe the action of something ceasing movement or activity. This verb can be applied to various contexts, such as vehicles, people, or even natural phenomena. For example: the bus stopped「バスが止まった」(バスがとまった). The rain stopped「雨が止まった」(あめがとまった). Additionally, '止まる' can also imply a temporary pause, as in 'the clock stopped「時計が止まった」(とけいがとまった)'. It is important to note that '止まる' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1463

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Autumn

Reading

Kanji

秋Autumn

Explanation

The Japanese noun '秋 (あき)' means 'autumn' or 'fall'. It refers to the season between summer and winter, typically characterized by cooler weather and the changing colors of leaves. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation, poetry, and literature to evoke the imagery and feelings associated with autumn. For example: Autumn is the best season「秋が一番好きな季節です」(あきがいちばんすきなきせつです). The leaves turn red in autumn「秋には葉が赤くなります」(あきにははがあかくなります). In Japanese culture, autumn is also associated with harvest, moon viewing, and various seasonal foods.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1469

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Afternoon

Reading

Kanji

午Noon 後After, Behind

Explanation

The Japanese noun '午後 (ごご)' refers to the time period of the 'afternoon'. It is commonly used to indicate the time of day from around 12:00 PM (noon) until evening, typically around 5:00 PM or 6:00 PM. This word is often used in schedules, appointments, or when specifying time. For example: I have a meeting in the afternoon「午後に会議があります」(ごごにかいぎがあります). Let's meet at 3 PM in the afternoon「午後3時に会いましょう」(ごごさんじにあいましょう). Note that '午後' is often paired with specific times, such as '午後2時 (ごごにじ)' for 2:00 PM.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1478

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Assemble

Reading

Kanji

組Association, Group 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese verb '組み立てる (くみたてる)' means 'to assemble'. It is used when putting together parts or components to form a complete structure or object. This verb is commonly used in contexts such as assembling furniture, machinery, or even abstract concepts like plans or ideas. For example: I assembled the bookshelf「本棚を組み立てた」(ほんだなをくみたてた). They are assembling a new team「新しいチームを組み立てている」(あたらしいチームをくみたてている). The verb emphasizes the process of constructing or organizing something from individual parts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1479

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Field

Reading

Kanji

分Minute, Part 野Field

Explanation

The Japanese noun '分野 (ぶんや)' refers to a specific 'field' or 'area' of study, expertise, or activity. It is commonly used to describe a particular domain or sector, such as academic disciplines, professional areas, or specialized interests. For example: He is an expert in the field of medicine「彼は医学の分野の専門家です」(かれはいがくのぶんやのせんもんかです). This research covers various fields「この研究はさまざまな分野をカバーしています」(このけんきゅうはさまざまなぶんやをかばーしています). The word can also imply a scope or range within which something operates or is relevant.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1490

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Union

Reading

Kanji

組Association, Group 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese noun '組合 (くみあい)' refers to a 'union', typically a labor union or trade union. It is used to describe an organized association of workers formed to protect and further their rights and interests. This term can also refer to other types of associations or cooperatives, such as a cooperative society or a guild. For example: He joined the labor union「彼は労働組合に入った」(かれはろうどうくみあいにはいった). The farmers' cooperative is strong「農民組合は強い」(のうみんくみあいはつよい). The word can also be used in a broader sense to refer to any kind of organized group or association, but it is most commonly associated with labor unions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1499

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Answer

Reading

Kanji

答Answer

Explanation

The Japanese noun '答え (こたえ)' means 'answer'. It is used to refer to a response to a question, problem, or situation. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: What is the answer?「答えは何ですか？」(こたえはなんですか？). I know the answer「答えを知っています」(こたえをしっています). It can also be used metaphorically to describe a solution or resolution to a problem. For instance: The answer to this problem is simple「この問題の答えは簡単です」(このもんだいのこたえはかんたんです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1533

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Psychology

Reading

Kanji

心Heart 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese noun '心理 (しんり)' refers to 'psychology' or the mental and emotional state of a person. It is often used in contexts related to understanding human behavior, thoughts, and feelings. For example: understanding the psychology of fear「恐怖の心理を理解する」(きょうふのしんりをりかいする). The psychology behind decision-making「意思決定の心理」(いしけっていのしんり). This term is commonly used in academic, professional, and everyday contexts to discuss mental processes and behaviors.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1549

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Measure, Plan

Reading

Kanji

図Map

Explanation

The Japanese verb '図る (はかる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to plan' or 'to attempt', often used when someone is trying to achieve a specific goal or outcome. For example: He planned to improve the company's performance「彼は会社の業績を改善しようと図った」(かれはかいしゃのぎょうせきをかいぜんしようとはかった). The second meaning is 'to measure', typically used in contexts involving physical measurement or calculation. For example: She measured the length of the table「彼女はテーブルの長さを図った」(かのじょはテーブルのながさをはかった). These two meanings are unrelated, so they are listed separately. The verb is versatile and its meaning depends heavily on the context in which it is used.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1551

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Black

Reading

Kanji

黒Black

Explanation

The Japanese noun '黒 (くろ)' means 'black'. It refers to the color black and is commonly used to describe objects, clothing, or anything that is black in color. For example: the cat is black「その猫は黒です」(そのねこはくろです). I like black clothes「私は黒い服が好きです」(わたしはくろいふくがすきです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something as being 'dark' or 'sinister' in a figurative sense, such as in '黒い噂 (くろいうわさ)' (dark rumors).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1561

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sing

Reading

Kanji

歌Song

Explanation

The Japanese verb '歌う (うたう)' means 'to sing'. It is used to describe the act of producing musical sounds with the voice, often in a structured and rhythmic manner. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as singing a song, performing in a concert, or even singing casually. For example: She sings beautifully「彼女は美しく歌う」(かのじょはうつくしくうたう). I will sing at the party「パーティーで歌う」(パーティーでうたう). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe something that resembles singing, such as the sound of a bird. For example: The birds are singing in the morning「鳥が朝に歌っている」(とりがあさにうたっている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1562

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Weak

Reading

Kanji

弱Weak

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '弱い (よわい)' means 'weak'. It is used to describe a lack of physical strength, emotional resilience, or even the intensity of something like light or flavor. For example: he is weak「彼は弱い」(かれはよわい). This tea is weak「このお茶は弱い」(このおちゃはよわい). It can also describe vulnerability or susceptibility, as in 'weak to colds'「風邪に弱い」(かぜによわい). The adjective is versatile and can be applied to both tangible and intangible concepts.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1579

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Younger brother

Reading

Kanji

弟Younger brother

Explanation

The Japanese noun '弟 (おとうと)' means 'younger brother'. It specifically refers to a male sibling who is younger than the speaker. This term is commonly used in family contexts and is neutral in tone. For example: my younger brother is kind「私の弟は優しい」(わたしのおとうとはやさしい). I have a younger brother「私は弟がいます」(わたしはおとうとがいます). Note that '弟' is used only for younger brothers; older brothers are referred to as '兄 (あに)'. The term does not change based on the speaker's gender.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1593

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gate

Reading

Kanji

門Gate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '門 (もん)' refers to a 'gate', typically a large, formal entrance to a building, temple, shrine, or estate. It often signifies a boundary or transition point between spaces. For example: The gate of the temple is beautiful「お寺の門は美しい」(おてらのもんはうつくしい). Please enter through the main gate「正面の門から入ってください」(しょうめんのもんからはいってください). In some contexts, '門' can also refer to a school of thought or a sect, but this usage is less common and more specialized.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1612

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Approximately, Before and after

Reading

Kanji

前Before, Front 後After, Behind

Explanation

The Japanese noun '前後 (ぜんご)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning refers to 'before and after,' indicating a sequence or time frame around an event. For example: The accident happened around 3 PM「事故は3時前後に起こった」(じこはさんじぜんごにおこった). The second meaning is 'approximately,' used to indicate an approximate time or quantity. For example: It will take approximately 10 minutes「10分前後かかります」(じゅっぷんぜんごかかります). Note that the context usually clarifies which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1617

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Black

Reading

Kanji

黒Black

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '黒い (くろい)' means 'black'. It is used to describe something that is black in color. This adjective can be applied to objects, clothing, hair, and more. For example: the cat is black「その猫は黒い」(そのねこはくろい). She has black hair「彼女は黒い髪をしている」(かのじょはくろいかみをしている). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something as dark or sinister, though this usage is less common. For instance: his heart is black「彼の心は黒い」(かれのこころはくろい).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1623

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Far

Reading

Kanji

遠Far

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '遠い (とおい)' means 'far'. It is used to describe something that is physically distant or separated by a significant amount of space. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is distant in time, relationship, or likelihood. For example: The station is far「駅は遠い」(えきはとおい). That day feels far away「あの日は遠く感じる」(あのひはとおくかんじる). Note that '遠い' is often used to describe both literal and figurative distances, making it a versatile adjective in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1642

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting