言Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Kanji JLPT Level

word

Meaning

He

Reading

Kanji

彼Third person pronoun, He

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun '彼 (かれ)' means 'he'. It is used to refer to a male person in the third person. This pronoun is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese. For example: he is my friend「彼は私の友達です」(かれはわたしのともだちです). He went to the store「彼は店に行きました」(かれはみせにいきました). It's important to note that '彼' can also be used to refer to a boyfriend in certain contexts, but this usage is less formal and more colloquial. For example: my boyfriend is kind「彼は優しい」(かれはやさしい).

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

41

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exist

Reading

Kanji

居Reside, Be

Explanation

The Japanese verb '居る (いる)' means 'to exist' or 'to be present' and is primarily used for living things, such as people or animals. It is often used to indicate the presence or existence of someone or something animate. For example: There is a cat here「ここに猫が居る」(ここにねこがいる). My friend is at home「友達が家に居る」(ともだちがいえにいる). Note that '居る' is written in hiragana as 'いる' in modern usage, and it is distinct from 'ある', which is used for inanimate objects. This verb is also commonly used in the progressive tense to indicate ongoing actions, such as '食べている (たべている)' (is eating).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

48

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Become

Reading

Kanji

成Become

Explanation

The Japanese verb '成る (なる)' means 'to become'. It is used to indicate a change in state, condition, or quality. This verb is highly versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as describing natural changes, personal transformations, or the outcome of events. For example: I want to become a teacher「先生になりたい」(せんせいになりたい). The leaves have turned red「葉っぱが赤くなった」(はっぱがあかくなった). It's important to note that 'なる' is often used with adjectives or nouns to describe the resulting state, as in '大きくなる (おおきくなる) (to become big)' or '静かになる (しずかになる) (to become quiet)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

52

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Honorific

Reading

Kanji

様Way, Form

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '様 (さま)' is an honorific used to show respect or politeness towards someone. It is more formal than the common suffix 'さん' and is often used in formal settings, business contexts, or when addressing someone of higher status. For example: Thank you, Mr. Tanaka「田中様、ありがとうございます」(たなかさま、ありがとうございます). This is for the customer「お客様へのものです」(おきゃくさまへのものです). It can also be used in written correspondence or on packages to show respect. While it is most commonly attached to names, it can also be used with titles or roles, such as 'お客様 (おきゃくさま)' (honored guest/customer).

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

54

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Honorific

Reading

Kanji

御Honorable, General honorific term

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '御 (お)' is an honorific prefix used to show respect or politeness. It is commonly attached to nouns, particularly in formal or polite contexts. This prefix does not change the core meaning of the word but elevates its tone. For example: tea「お茶」(おちゃ), money「お金」(おかね). It is also used in set phrases like 'thank you'「ありがとうございます」(ありがとうございます), where '御' is implied in the politeness of the expression. Note that '御' can also be read as 'ご' in some cases, such as 'ご飯 (ごはん)' (meal/rice), but the meaning remains the same.

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

59

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Good

Reading

Kanji

良Good

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '良い (よい)' means 'good'. It is a versatile word used to describe something that is of high quality, favorable, or desirable. It can be applied to a wide range of contexts, from describing objects and situations to expressing approval or satisfaction. For example: This is a good book「これは良い本です」(これはよいほんです). The weather is good today「今日は天気が良い」(きょうはてんきがよい). Additionally, '良い' can sometimes be used to express permission, as in 'It's good to go'「行っても良い」(いってもよい). Note that '良い' is often pronounced as 'いい' in casual speech, though the meaning remains the same.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

65

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Place

Reading

Kanji

所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '所 (ところ)' primarily means 'place' or 'location'. It refers to a specific area or spot, either physical or abstract. It can also be used to indicate a point in time or a situation. For example: This is a quiet place「ここは静かな所です」(ここはしずかなところです). I went to a beautiful place「私は美しい所に行きました」(わたしはうつくしいところにいきました). Additionally, '所' can be used in expressions like '今の所 (いまのところ)', meaning 'for now' or 'at the moment', indicating a temporal context rather than a physical one.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

75

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plural

Reading

Kanji

達Attain, Plural

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '達 (たち)' is used to indicate plurality or a group of people. It is commonly attached to nouns referring to people, such as names, pronouns, or titles, to denote a collective. For example: the children「子供達」(こどもたち). my friends「私達の友達」(わたしたちのともだち). It is important to note that '達' is not used for non-human objects or animals. The nuance is more about grouping or collectivity rather than strict grammatical plurality. This suffix is often used in formal or polite contexts.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

78

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Etc

Reading

Kanji

等Equal

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '等 (とう)' is used to indicate a list of items or examples, similar to 'etc.' or 'and so on' in English. It is often attached to nouns to imply that there are additional, unspecified items in the same category. For example: fruits like apples, oranges, etc.「りんご、オレンジ等の果物」(りんご、オレンジとうのかぶつ). books, pens, etc.「本、ペン等」(ほん、ペンとう). This suffix is commonly used in both written and spoken Japanese to avoid listing every single item explicitly. It is important to note that '等' can also be read as 'など' in some contexts, but 'とう' is the more formal reading.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

85

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Put away

Reading

Kanji

仕Serve 舞Dance

Explanation

The Japanese verb '仕舞う(しまう)' primarily means 'put away' or 'store'. It is used to describe the action of putting something in its proper place or out of sight, often implying that the item is being stored neatly or securely. This verb can also imply completing an action or finishing something, though this usage is less common. For example: I put away th ebooks「本を仕舞った」(ほんをしまった).She put away her toys「彼女はおもちゃを仕舞った」(かのじょはおもちゃをしまった). Note that'しまう'can also be used as an auxiliary verb to denote the completion of an action with a sense of finality, as in '食べてしまった' (たべてしまった), meaning' I ate it up' or 'I ended up eating it'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

86

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Case

Reading

Kanji

合Fit, Match 場Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '場合 (ばあい)' means 'case' or 'situation'. It is used to refer to a specific instance, scenario, or circumstance. This word is often used in conditional statements or when discussing hypothetical situations. For example: in case of rain, the event will be canceled「雨の場合、イベントは中止です」(あめのばあい、イベントはちゅうしです). In that case, I will call you「その場合、電話します」(そのばあい、でんわします). Note that '場合' is commonly paired with conditional phrases like '～の場合' to indicate 'in the case of ~' or 'if ~ happens'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

94

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

But

Reading

Kanji

然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese conjunction '然し (しかし)' means 'but' and is used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or contradicts what has been said previously. It is a formal and slightly literary way of expressing contrast, often used in written language or formal speech. For example: I wanted to go, but I couldn't「行きたかったが、しかし行けなかった」(いきたかったが、しかしいけなかった). He is young, but very talented「彼は若いが、しかしとても才能がある」(かれはわかいが、しかしとてもさいのうがある). Note that 'しかし' can sometimes be replaced with the more casual 'でも' in informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

conjunction

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

102

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Take, Get

Reading

Kanji

取Take

Explanation

The Japanese verb '取る (とる)' primarily means 'to take' or 'to get'. It is a versatile verb used in various contexts, such as physically taking an object, capturing something, or obtaining something abstract like permission or a photograph. For example: I will take a photo「写真を取ります」(しゃしんをとります). He got permission「彼は許可を取りました」(かれはきょかをとりました). Additionally, it can be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '時間を取る (じかんをとる)' meaning 'to take time'. The verb is often used in everyday conversation and is essential for expressing actions related to acquiring or handling something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

104

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Love

Reading

Kanji

大Big 好Like, Fond

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '大好き (だいすき)' means 'love' or 'really like'. It is used to express strong affection or preference for something or someone. This word is often used in casual conversations to convey enthusiasm or deep fondness. For example: I love sushi「私は寿司が大好きです」(わたしはすしがだいすきです). He really likes cats「彼は猫が大好きです」(かれはねこがだいすきです). Note that '大好き' is stronger than '好き (すき)', which simply means 'like'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

109

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inside

Reading

Kanji

内Inside

Explanation

The Japanese noun '内 (うち)' primarily means 'inside' or 'within'. It refers to the interior or internal part of something, whether physical or abstract. It can also imply a sense of belonging or being part of a group or family. For example: inside the house「家の内」(いえのうち). Our family「うちの家族」(うちのかぞく). Additionally, '内' can be used to contrast with '外 (そと)', meaning 'outside'. It is a versatile word often used in both literal and metaphorical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

112

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Put

Reading

Kanji

置Put

Explanation

The Japanese verb '置く (おく)' primarily means 'to put' or 'to place'. It is used to describe the action of placing an object in a specific location. This verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as placing items on a table, leaving something behind, or even metaphorically, like setting aside time. Example sentences: I put the book on the table「本をテーブルに置く」(ほんをテーブルにおく). Please leave the key here「鍵をここに置いてください」(かぎをここにおいてください). Note that '置く' can also imply leaving something in a state or condition, as in 'そのままにしておく (leave it as it is)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

117

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Other, Else

Radical Form Of

也

Reading

Kanji

他Other (亻)

Explanation

The Japanese noun '他 (た／ほか)' primarily means 'other' or 'else'. It is used to refer to something or someone different from what has been mentioned or is already known. The reading 'た' is more formal and often used in written contexts, while 'ほか' is more common in spoken language. For example: I have other plans「他に予定があります」(ほかによていがあります). Is there anything else?「他に何かありますか？」(ほかになにかありますか？). The word can also be used to indicate additional items or people, as in 'other people'「他の人」(ほかのひと). It's important to note that '他' can sometimes imply exclusion or contrast, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

119

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Child

Reading

Kanji

供Accompany, Offer 子Child

Explanation

The Japanese noun '子供 (こども)' means 'child'. It refers to a young person, typically below the age of puberty. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can refer to one's own children or children in general. For example: The child is playing「子供が遊んでいる」(こどもがあそんでいる). I have two children「私は子供が二人います」(わたしはこどもがふたりいます). It can also be used in a broader sense to refer to young people collectively, as in 'children's park'『子供の公園』(こどものこうえん). Note that '子供' is a neutral term and does not carry any specific connotations unless contextually implied.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

120

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Close

Reading

Kanji

閉Close, Shut

Explanation

The Japanese verb '閉まる (しまる)' means 'to close'. It is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object and describes something closing on its own. This verb is often used to describe doors, windows, or shops closing. For example: The door closed「ドアが閉まった」(ドアがしまった). The store closes at 9 PM「店は9時に閉まる」(みせはくじにしまる). Note that '閉まる' is different from '閉める (しめる)', which is a transitive verb meaning 'to close something' (e.g., 'I closed the door'「ドアを閉めた」(ドアをしめた)).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

123

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Face, Oppose

Reading

Kanji

対Against

Explanation

The Japanese verb '対する (たいする)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to face' or 'to be opposite to', often used in a physical or metaphorical sense. The second meaning is 'to oppose' or 'to confront', indicating a stance against something. This verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as describing physical orientation, emotional confrontation, or opposition in opinions or actions. For example: The house faces the park「その家は公園に対する」(そのいえはこうえんにたいする). He opposed the new policy「彼は新しい政策に対した」(かれはあたらしいせいさくにたいした). It's important to note that '対する' often requires a particle like 'に' to indicate the target of the action.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

130

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tonight

Reading

Kanji

今Now 晩Evening, Nightfall

Explanation

The Japanese noun '今晩 (こんばん)' means 'tonight'. It refers to the current evening or the night of the current day. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to indicate plans, events, or conditions occurring during the evening or night. For example: I will study tonight「今晩勉強します」(こんばんべんきょうします). The weather is nice tonight「今晩は天気がいい」(こんばんはてんきがいい). It is often used in greetings like '今晩は (こんばんは)', which translates to 'good evening'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

139

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Change

Reading

Kanji

化Change

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '化 (か)' is used to indicate a transformation, change, or conversion into a certain state or condition. It is often attached to nouns to form new nouns or verbs, signifying the process of becoming or making something into the state described by the root word. For example: modernization「近代化」(きんだいか). urbanization「都市化」(としか). It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as in the word simplification「簡素化」(かんそか). This suffix is versatile and widely used in both technical and everyday language to describe processes of change.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

142

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Face

Reading

Kanji

顔Face

Explanation

The Japanese noun '顔 (かお)' means 'face'. It refers to the front part of a person's head, from the forehead to the chin, including the eyes, nose, and mouth. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can also be used metaphorically to represent one's expression, appearance, or reputation. For example: She has a beautiful face「彼女は顔がきれいです」(かのじょはかおがきれいです). I can't show my face there「私はそこに顔を出せない」(わたしはそこにかおをだせない). The word '顔' can also be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '顔を出す (かおをだす)', which means 'to show up' or 'to make an appearance'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

154

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Next

Reading

Kanji

次Next

Explanation

The Japanese noun '次 (つぎ)' means 'next'. It is commonly used to refer to the following item, event, or point in a sequence. For example: the next station is Shinjuku「次の駅は新宿です」(つぎのえきはしんじゅくです). What's next?「次は何ですか？」(つぎはなんですか？). It can also be used in contexts like 'next time' or 'next step'. For instance: see you next time「また次会いましょう」(またつぎあいましょう). The nuance of '次' often implies a continuation or progression in a sequence, making it a versatile word in both casual and formal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

157

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Well, Often

Reading

Kanji

良Good

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '良く (よく)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'often', indicating frequency. For example: I often go to the park「私はよく公園に行きます」(わたしはよくこうえんにいきます). The second meaning is 'well', indicating quality or manner. For example: She sings well「彼女はよく歌います」(かのじょはよくうたいます). The context usually clarifies which meaning is intended. When used to mean 'well', it often describes how something is done or the state of something. When used to mean 'often', it typically precedes a verb to indicate regularity.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

158

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Word

Reading

Kanji

葉Leaf 言Say

Explanation

The Japanese noun '言葉 (ことば)' refers to 'word' or 'language'. It encompasses spoken or written expressions used to communicate ideas, feelings, or information. This term is often used in contexts discussing communication, linguistics, or the power of language. For example: Her words were kind「彼女の言葉は優しかった」(かのじょのことばはやさしかった). I want to learn Japanese words「日本語の言葉を学びたい」(にほんごのことばをまなびたい). The word can also imply deeper meanings, such as the essence of communication or the way something is expressed.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

160

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attach, Turn on

Reading

Kanji

付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '付ける (つける)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to attach' or 'to affix', referring to physically adding something to another object. For example: I attached a label to the box「箱にラベルを付けた」(はこにラベルをつけた). The second meaning is 'to turn on' (a device or light). For example: She turned on the light「彼女は電気を付けた」(かのじょはでんきをつけた). This verb is versatile and widely used in daily conversations. It can also imply adding something abstract, like skills or habits, as in 'to acquire a habit' (習慣を付ける, しゅうかんをつける).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

162

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Call, Hang

Reading

Kanji

掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese verb '掛ける (かける)' has multiple meanings depending on the context. One primary meaning is 'to hang' something, such as hanging a picture on a wall. For example: I will hang the picture「絵を掛けます」(えをかけます). Another meaning is 'to call' someone, typically used in the context of making a phone call. For example: I will call my friend「友達に電話を掛けます」(ともだちにでんわをかけます). The verb is versatile and can be used in various situations, so understanding the context is crucial for accurate usage.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

172

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

She, Girlfriend

Reading

Kanji

彼Third person pronoun, He 女Woman

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun '彼女 (かのじょ)' has two primary meanings. First, it is used to mean 'she', referring to a female person. For example: She is my friend「彼女は私の友達です」(かのじょはわたしのともだちです). Second, it can also mean 'girlfriend', referring to a romantic partner. For example: She is my girlfriend「彼女は私の彼女です」(かのじょはわたしのかのじょです). The context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended. When used to mean 'girlfriend', it is often clear from the situation or additional context in the conversation.

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

174

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

All

Reading

Kanji

全Whole, All 部Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '全部 (ぜんぶ)' means 'all' or 'entirely'. It is used to refer to the whole quantity or extent of something, leaving nothing out. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can be applied to objects, actions, or abstract concepts. For example: I ate all the cake「ケーキを全部食べた」(ケーキをぜんぶたべた). All the students came「学生は全部来た」(がくせいはぜんぶきた). It can also be used in negative sentences, such as: I didn't understand all of it「全部は分からなかった」(ぜんぶはわからなかった). Note that '全部' is often used with verbs to emphasize completeness.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

175

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Obtain

Reading

Kanji

得Acquire

Explanation

The Japanese verb '得る (える)' means 'to obtain' or 'to gain'. It is used to express the acquisition of something, whether it be a physical object, knowledge, or an abstract concept. This verb is often used in formal or written contexts. For example: He obtained valuable experience「彼は貴重な経験を得た」(かれはきちょうなけいけんをえた). It is also used in negative forms to indicate something that is difficult or impossible to obtain, as in '得られない (えない)' (cannot obtain). Note that '得る' can sometimes be used in a more abstract sense, such as gaining understanding or insight.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

177

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Where

Reading

Kanji

処Deal with 何What

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun '何処 (どこ)' means 'where'. It is used to ask about the location of something or someone. This pronoun is commonly used in questions to inquire about places or directions. For example: Where is the station?「駅は何処ですか？」(えきはどこですか？). Where did you go?「何処に行きましたか？」(どこにいきましたか？). It can also be used in statements to indicate an unknown or unspecified location, such as 'I don't know where it is'「何処にあるか分からない」(どこにあるかわからない). The word '何処' is often written in hiragana as 'どこ' in modern Japanese, but the kanji form is still used in formal or literary contexts.

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

181

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Voice

Reading

Kanji

声Voice

Explanation

The Japanese noun '声 (こえ)' means 'voice'. It refers to the sound produced by a person or animal when speaking, singing, or making noise. This word is commonly used in various contexts, such as describing someone's voice, expressing emotions through voice, or referring to vocal sounds in general. For example: Her voice is beautiful「彼女の声は美しい」(かのじょのこえはうつくしい). I heard a loud voice「大きな声が聞こえた」(おおきなこえがきこえた). The word can also be used metaphorically to represent opinions or support, as in 'the voice of the people'「人々の声」(ひとびとのこえ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

184

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Companion

Reading

Kanji

共Together

Explanation

The Japanese noun '共 (とも)' primarily means 'companion' or 'someone who accompanies another'. It is often used to refer to a person who shares an experience or journey with someone else. For example: He is my companion「彼は私の共だ」(かれはわたしのともだ). We are companions in this journey「私たちはこの旅の共だ」(わたしたちはこのたびのともだ). Additionally, '共' can sometimes imply a sense of equality or shared status, as in '共に戦う (ともにたたかう) (to fight together)'. It is important to note that '共' is often used in a more formal or literary context, and in everyday conversation, words like '友達 (ともだち)' might be more commonly used to refer to friends or companions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

186

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Years old

Reading

Kanji

歳Year, Years old

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '歳 (さい)' is used to indicate age, specifically meaning 'years old'. It is attached to numbers to express someone's age. For example: I am 20 years old「私は20歳です」(わたしはにじゅっさいです). He is 5 years old「彼は5歳です」(かれはごさいです). This suffix is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts when discussing age. It is important to note that the pronunciation of '歳' can change depending on the number it follows, such as 'いっさい' for 1 year old, 'はたち' for 20 years old, and 'さい' for most other numbers.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

187

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Everyone

Reading

Kanji

皆All

Explanation

The Japanese noun '皆 (みな)' means 'everyone' or 'all'. It is used to refer to a group of people collectively, emphasizing inclusivity. This word is often used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: Everyone is here「皆がここにいます」(みながここにいます). Let's all do our best「皆で頑張りましょう」(みなでがんばりましょう). It can also be used in phrases like '皆さん (みなさん)', which is a polite way to address a group of people, similar to 'ladies and gentlemen' or 'everyone' in English.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

190

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Still

Reading

Kanji

未Not yet

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '未だ (まだ)' primarily means 'still' and is used to indicate that a situation or condition continues unchanged. It often implies that something expected has not yet happened or that a previous state persists. For example: I am still waiting「まだ待っています」(まだまっています). He still hasn't arrived「彼はまだ到着していない」(かれはまだとうちゃくしていない). Additionally, 'まだ' can be used to express that something is 'not yet' the case, often with a sense of anticipation or incompleteness. For example: The movie hasn't started yet「映画はまだ始まっていない」(えいがはまだはじまっていない). It's important to note that 'まだ' is often used in negative sentences to emphasize that something has not occurred or been completed.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

191

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Number, Amount

Reading

Kanji

数Number

Explanation

The Japanese noun '数 (すう)' primarily means 'number' or 'amount'. It refers to a numerical value or quantity of something. This word is often used in contexts involving counting, mathematics, or general quantities. For example: the number of students is increasing「学生の数が増えている」(がくせいのかずがふえている). The amount of work is too much「仕事の数が多すぎる」(しごとのかずがおおすぎる). Note that '数' can also imply a sense of 'several' or 'a few' when used in phrases like '数日 (すうじつ)' meaning 'several days'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

194

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Woman

Reading

Kanji

女Woman 性Gender, Sex

Explanation

The Japanese noun '女性 (じょせい)' means 'woman'. It refers to an adult human female and is commonly used in formal and everyday contexts. This term is neutral and can be used in various settings, such as describing someone's gender, discussing women in society, or referring to a group of women. For example: She is a strong woman「彼女は強い女性です」(かのじょはつよいじょせいです). Many women work in this company「この会社には多くの女性が働いています」(このかいしゃにはおおくのじょせいがはたらいています). The word is distinct from '女の人 (おんなのひと)', which is more casual and conversational.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

203

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Receive, Undergo

Reading

Kanji

受Accept

Explanation

The Japanese verb '受ける (うける)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to receive', which can refer to receiving objects, messages, or even abstract things like attention or treatment. For example: I received a gift「プレゼントを受けた」(ぷれぜんとをうけた). The second meaning is 'to undergo', often used in contexts like taking a test or experiencing something. For example: I took an exam「試験を受けた」(しけんをうけた). The verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, but its core meanings revolve around receiving or experiencing something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

205

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Law, Method

Reading

Kanji

法Law, Method

Explanation

The Japanese noun '法 (ほう)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'law', referring to legal rules or regulations established by a governing body. For example: This is against the law「これは法に反する」(これはほうにはんする). The second meaning is 'method', referring to a way or technique of doing something. For example: This is a new method「これは新しい法だ」(これはあたらしいほうだ). The context in which '法' is used will determine whether it refers to 'law' or 'method'. It's important to note that while '法' can stand alone as a noun, it is often combined with other kanji to form compound words that specify the type of law or method, such as '法律 (ほうりつ)' for 'legislation' or '方法 (ほうほう)' for 'way/method'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

207

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attach, Follow

Reading

Kanji

付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '付く (つく)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to attach' or 'to stick to', referring to something physically adhering to another object. For example: the sticker sticks to the wall「シールが壁に付く」(シールがかべにつく). The second meaning is 'to follow' or 'to accompany', often used when someone or something follows another person or object. For example: the dog follows its owner「犬が飼い主に付く」(いぬがかいぬしにつく). This verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as relationships, physical attachment, or even abstract concepts like ideas or trends.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

212

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Partner

Reading

Kanji

相Mutual 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '相手 (あいて)' primarily means 'partner' or 'opponent'. It refers to someone you interact with, whether in a cooperative or competitive context. For example: my tennis partner「私のテニスの相手」(わたしのテニスのあいて). He is a strong opponent「彼は強い相手だ」(かれはつよいあいてだ). The word can also imply a sense of mutual engagement, such as in a conversation or relationship. For instance: she is a good listener「彼女は良い聞き手の相手だ」(かのじょはよいききてのあいてだ). Note that the context often determines whether '相手' refers to a partner, opponent, or someone you are interacting with.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

214

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Truth

Reading

Kanji

本Book, Origin 当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '本当 (ほんとう)' means 'truth' or 'reality'. It is often used to express something that is genuine, real, or true. It can also be used in questions or exclamations to confirm the validity of a statement. For example: Is that true?「それは本当ですか？」(それはほんとうですか？). This is the truth「これは本当です」(これはほんとうです). It can also be used in phrases like '本当に (ほんとうに)' to mean 'really' or 'truly', emphasizing sincerity or seriousness.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

216

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Not much

Reading

Kanji

余Excess

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '余り (あまり)' is used to indicate that something is 'not much' or 'not very' in terms of degree or frequency. It is often used in negative sentences to express that something does not happen often or to a great extent. For example: I don't eat sushi much「私は寿司をあまり食べません」(わたしはすしをあまりたべません). He is not very tall「彼はあまり背が高くない」(かれはあまりせがたかくない). It can also be used in positive sentences to mean 'too much' or 'excessively', but this usage is less common and typically requires additional context to clarify the meaning.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

217

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Point, Mark

Reading

Kanji

点Point

Explanation

The Japanese noun '点 (てん)' primarily means 'point' or 'mark'. It can refer to a dot or spot, as in a punctuation mark or a point on a graph. It is also used to denote a score or grade, such as in tests or games. Additionally, it can signify a particular aspect or detail of a broader topic. For example: The teacher gave me full points「先生は私に満点をくれた」(せんせいはわたしにまんてんをくれた). There is a red dot on the paper「紙に赤い点がある」(かみにあかいてんがある). This point is important「この点は重要だ」(このてんはじゅうようだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

219

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Differ, Be wrong

Reading

Kanji

違Differ, Different

Explanation

The Japanese verb '違う (ちがう)' primarily means 'to differ' or 'to be different'. It is used to indicate that something is not the same as something else. For example: Our opinions differ「私たちの意見は違う」(わたしたちのいけんはちがう). Additionally, '違う' can also mean 'to be wrong' or 'to be incorrect'. For example: You are wrong「あなたは違う」(あなたはちがう). This verb is commonly used in everyday conversation to point out differences or to correct someone. It is important to note that '違う' is often used in negative sentences to indicate that something is not the case, as in 'それは違う (それはちがう) (That is not the case)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

220

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Call

Reading

Kanji

呼Invite, Call

Explanation

The Japanese verb '呼ぶ (よぶ)' primarily means 'to call'. It can be used in various contexts, such as calling someone's name, summoning someone, or inviting someone. For example: I called my friend「友達を呼んだ」(ともだちをよんだ). Please call the doctor「医者を呼んでください」(いしゃをよんでください). Additionally, '呼ぶ' can also mean 'to refer to' or 'to be called' in certain contexts, such as naming or labeling something. For example: This is called sushi「これは寿司と呼ばれます」(これはすしとよばれます). The verb is versatile and widely used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

222

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shape

Reading

Kanji

形Shape

Explanation

The Japanese noun '形 (かたち)' primarily means 'shape'. It refers to the physical form or outline of an object. This word is often used to describe the appearance or structure of something, whether it's a tangible object or an abstract concept. For example: The shape of the mountain is beautiful「山の形が美しい」(やまのかたちがうつくしい). I want to preserve the shape of this tradition「この伝統の形を守りたい」(このでんとうのかたちをまもりたい). Additionally, '形' can sometimes imply the 'form' or 'state' of something, such as in the phrase '形になる' (かたちになる), which means 'to take shape' or 'to materialize'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

233

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pass, Exceed

Reading

Kanji

過Exceed, Error

Explanation

The Japanese verb '過ぎる (すぎる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to exceed' or 'to go beyond', often used to indicate that something has surpassed a certain limit or expectation. For example: The time has exceeded 10 minutes「時間が10分過ぎた」(じかんがじゅっぷんすぎた). The second meaning is 'to pass', as in time or a location. For example: The train has already passed the station「電車はもう駅を過ぎた」(でんしゃはもうえきをすぎた). It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as 'to pass by' in terms of time: The summer has passed「夏が過ぎた」(なつがすぎた). The verb is often used in combination with other words to form compound verbs, such as '飲み過ぎる (のみすぎる)' meaning 'to drink too much'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

234

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Method

Reading

Kanji

法Law, Method 方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '方法 (ほうほう)' means 'method' or 'way'. It refers to a systematic procedure or approach to accomplish something. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to describe techniques, strategies, or processes. For example: a new method「新しい方法」(あたらしいほうほう). What is the best way to solve this problem?「この問題を解決するための最良の方法は何ですか？」(このもんだいをかいけつするためのさいりょうのほうほうはなんですか？). It can also be used in phrases like 'study method' (勉強方法, べんきょうほうほう) or 'cooking method' (調理方法, ちょうりほうほう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

236

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Immediately

Reading

Kanji

直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '直ぐ (すぐ)' means 'immediately' or 'right away'. It is used to indicate that something happens without delay or very soon after a certain point in time. This word can also imply physical proximity, meaning 'nearby' or 'close by', depending on the context. For example: I will come immediately「すぐ行きます」(すぐいきます). The station is nearby「駅はすぐそこです」(えきはすぐそこです). It's important to note that 'すぐ' can be used in both temporal and spatial contexts, making it a versatile adverb in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

239

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Really

Reading

Kanji

本Book, Origin 当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '本当に (ほんとうに)' means 'really'. It is used to emphasize the truth or sincerity of a statement, often expressing surprise, confirmation, or strong emotion. It can be used in both positive and negative contexts. For example: I really like this「これは本当に好きです」(これはほんとうにすきです). Is it really true?「それは本当に本当ですか？」(それはほんとうにほんとうですか？). It can also be used to express gratitude or apology sincerely, as in '本当にありがとう (ほんとうにありがとう) (Thank you very much)' or '本当にごめんなさい (ほんとうにごめんなさい) (I'm really sorry)'. The nuance is often one of genuine feeling or authenticity.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

241

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Information

Reading

Kanji

報Report, News 情Feeling, Emotion

Explanation

The Japanese noun '情報 (じょうほう)' means 'information'. It refers to knowledge or data that is communicated, received, or understood. This word is commonly used in various contexts, such as technology, news, and everyday conversations. For example: I need more information「もっと情報が必要です」(もっとじょうほうがひつようです). This information is important「この情報は重要です」(このじょうほうはじゅうようです). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '情報技術 (じょうほうぎじゅつ)' (information technology) or '情報源 (じょうほうげん)' (source of information).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

242

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Feel

Reading

Kanji

感Feeling, Sensation

Explanation

The Japanese verb '感ずる (かんずる)' means 'to feel' or 'to sense'. It is often used to describe a strong emotional or intuitive response to something. This verb is more formal and literary compared to its more common counterpart '感じる (かんじる)'. It can be used in various contexts, such as feeling emotions, sensing danger, or perceiving a change. Example sentences: I feel a sense of danger「危険を感ずる」(きけんをかんずる). She felt a deep sadness「彼女は深い悲しみを感ずる」(かのじょはふかいかなしみをかんずる). Note that '感ずる' is often used in written language or formal speech.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

246

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Head

Reading

Kanji

頭Head

Explanation

The Japanese noun '頭 (あたま)' primarily means 'head'. It refers to the physical head of a person or animal, but it can also be used metaphorically to refer to intelligence or leadership. For example: my head hurts「頭が痛い」(あたまがいたい). He is the head of the company「彼は会社の頭だ」(かれはかいしゃのあたまだ). Additionally, '頭' can be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '頭がいい (あたまがいい)' meaning 'smart' or 'intelligent'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

247

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Continue

Reading

Kanji

続Continue

Explanation

The Japanese verb '続ける (つづける)' means 'to continue'. It is used to indicate the ongoing action of something, whether it be an activity, a state, or a process. This verb is often used in conjunction with other verbs to express the continuation of an action, such as '勉強を続ける (べんきょうをつづける)' which means 'to continue studying'. Example sentences include: I will continue to study Japanese「私は日本語を勉強し続けます」(わたしはにほんごをべんきょうしつづけます). He continued to run despite being tired「彼は疲れていたが走り続けた」(かれはつかれていたがはしりつづけた). The verb can also be used in its te-form to connect actions, such as '食べ続けて (たべつづけて)' meaning 'continuing to eat'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

248

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Economy

Reading

Kanji

経Manage, Elapse 済Finish, Settle

Explanation

The Japanese noun '経済 (けいざい)' means 'economy'. It refers to the system of production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services in a country or region. This word is commonly used in discussions about economic policies, market conditions, and financial systems. For example: The economy is growing「経済が成長している」(けいざいがせいちょうしている). Studying economics is important「経済学を勉強することは重要だ」(けいざいがくをべんきょうすることはじゅうようだ). The word can also appear in compound terms like '経済政策 (けいざいせいさく)' (economic policy) or '経済成長 (けいざいせいちょう)' (economic growth).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

257

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Take, Hang

Reading

Kanji

掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese verb '掛かる (かかる)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to hang', as in something being suspended or attached to something else. For example: a picture is hanging on the wall「壁に絵が掛かっている」(かべにえがかかっている). The second meaning is 'to take' (time, money, or effort), often used to describe the amount of time or resources required for something. For example: it takes 2 hours「2時間掛かる」(にじかんかかる). The verb is versatile and context-dependent, so pay attention to the surrounding words to determine which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

263

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Present, Current

Reading

Kanji

在Be, Exist 現Appear, Current

Explanation

The Japanese noun '現在 (げんざい)' refers to the concept of the 'present' or 'current' time. It is often used to describe the current state or situation of something. For example: the current situation is serious「現在の状況は深刻です」(げんざいのじょうきょうはしんこくです). I am currently living in Tokyo「私は現在東京に住んでいます」(わたしはげんざいとうきょうにすんでいます). The word can also be used in a more abstract sense to refer to the present moment in time, as in 'the present moment is all we have'「現在の瞬間がすべてです」(げんざいのしゅんかんがすべてです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

265

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rewrite

Reading

Kanji

書Write 直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese verb '書き直す (かきなおす)' means 'to rewrite'. This verb is used when someone wants to write something again, either to correct mistakes, improve the content, or change the format. It is commonly used in contexts like editing documents, revising essays, or reworking creative writing. For example: I will rewrite the letter「手紙を書き直します」(てがみをかきなおします). He rewrote the entire report「彼はレポート全体を書き直した」(かれはレポートぜんたいをかきなおした). The verb combines '書く (かく)' (to write) and '直す (なおす)' (to fix or redo), emphasizing the act of writing something again with improvements or corrections.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

266

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Change

Reading

Kanji

変Change, Abnormal

Explanation

The Japanese verb '変わる (かわる)' means 'to change'. It is used to describe a transformation or alteration in state, condition, or nature. This verb can be applied to a wide range of contexts, from physical changes to abstract shifts. For example: The weather changed suddenly「天気が急に変わった」(てんきがきゅうにかわった). Her attitude changed completely「彼女の態度が完全に変わった」(かのじょのたいどがかんぜんにかわった). It's important to note that '変わる' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. To express the act of changing something, the transitive verb '変える (かえる)' is used instead.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

268

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Club

Reading

Kanji

部Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '部 (ぶ)' is commonly used to denote a club, group, or department, particularly in schools or organizations. It is attached to a noun to specify the type of club or department. For example: tennis club「テニス部」(てにすぶ). This suffix is widely used in educational settings to refer to extracurricular activities. Another example: music club「音楽部」(おんがくぶ). It can also refer to departments within a company, such as sales department「営業部」(えいぎょうぶ). The suffix is versatile and context-dependent, but it consistently refers to a group or division with a specific focus.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

270

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

City

Reading

Kanji

市City, Market

Explanation

The Japanese noun '市 (し)' means 'city'. It refers to a large and permanent human settlement, typically with a local government. This term is often used in the names of cities, such as '東京市 (とうきょうし)' (Tokyo City) or '大阪市 (おおさかし)' (Osaka City). Example sentences: I live in a city「私は市に住んでいます」(わたしはしにすんでいます). This city is very big「この市はとても大きい」(このしはとてもおおきい). Note that '市' can also be part of compound words, such as '市場 (いちば)' (market) or '市民 (しみん)' (citizen), but in these cases, it takes on a different meaning and reading.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

271

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

For example

Reading

Kanji

例Example

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '例えば (たとえば)' means 'for example'. It is used to introduce an example or a specific instance that illustrates a broader point. This word is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese to provide clarity or support an argument. For example: There are many fruits, for example, apples and oranges「果物はたくさんあります、例えば、りんごとオレンジ」(くだものはたくさんあります、たとえば、りんごとオレンジ). You can use this word to introduce examples in various contexts, such as explaining a concept, listing items, or making comparisons. It is a versatile and frequently used adverb in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

272

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Times (counter for occurrences)

Reading

Kanji

回Revolve, Times (counter for occurrences)

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '回 (かい)' is used to indicate the number of times an action occurs. It is commonly attached to numbers to express frequency or repetition. For example: three times「三回」(さんかい). I have been to Japan twice「日本に二回行ったことがある」(にほんにかいあったことがある). This suffix is versatile and can be used in various contexts to denote occurrences, such as in sports, events, or daily activities. It is important to note that '回' is often used in combination with verbs to specify how many times an action has been performed.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

286

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Completely

Reading

Kanji

全Whole, All

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '全く (まったく)' means 'completely' or 'entirely'. It is often used to emphasize the degree or extent of something, either positively or negatively. For example: I completely forgot「全く忘れていた」(まったくわすれていた). It can also be used to express agreement or confirmation, similar to 'exactly' or 'absolutely'. For example: That's exactly right!「全くその通り！」(まったくそのとおり！). In negative contexts, it can mean 'not at all', as in: I don't understand at all「全く分からない」(まったくわからない). This adverb is versatile and commonly used in both casual and formal speech.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

289

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Side

Reading

Kanji

側Side

Explanation

The Japanese noun '側 (がわ)' means 'side'. It refers to one of the surfaces or edges of an object, or a position relative to something. It can also indicate a group or faction in a broader sense. For example: the left side of the road「道路の左側」(どうろのひだりがわ). He is on my side「彼は私の側にいる」(かれはわたしのがわにいる). This word is often used to describe physical positions or metaphorical alignments, such as being on someone's side in an argument.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

292

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

That

Reading

Kanji

彼Third person pronoun, He

Explanation

The Japanese determiner '彼の (あの)' means 'that' and is used to refer to something distant from both the speaker and the listener. It is often used to point out specific objects, people, or places that are not close to either party. For example: That book is interesting「あの本は面白い」(あのほんはおもしろい). That person is my teacher「あの人は私の先生です」(あのひとはわたしのせんせいです). Note that '彼の (あの)' is distinct from 'この (this)' and 'その (that near the listener)', as it specifically indicates something far from both the speaker and the listener.

Part Of Speech

determiner

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

306

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Like

Reading

Kanji

好Like, Fond

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '好き (すき)' means 'like' or 'fond of'. It is used to express a preference or affection for something or someone. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to indicate personal tastes or interests. For example: I like cats「猫が好きです」(ねこがすきです). She likes music「彼女は音楽が好きです」(かのじょはおんがくがすきです). It's important to note that '好き' is often used with the particle 'が' to indicate the object of affection or preference, as in '猫が好き (ねこがすき) (like cats)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

314

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Airplane

Reading

Kanji

飛Fly 行Go 機Machine, Opportunity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '飛行機 (ひこうき)' means 'airplane'. It refers to a powered flying vehicle with fixed wings and a weight greater than that of the air it displaces. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation when discussing travel, transportation, or aviation. For example: I will go to America by airplane「私は飛行機でアメリカに行きます」(わたしはひこうきでアメリカにいきます). The airplane is flying in the sky「飛行機が空を飛んでいます」(ひこうきがそらをとんでいます). It's important to note that '飛行機' specifically refers to airplanes and not other types of aircraft like helicopters or gliders.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

318

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Request

Reading

Kanji

願Request, Wish

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'お願い (おねがい)' means 'request'. It is a polite and formal way to ask for something or to make a request. This term is often used in various contexts, such as asking for a favor, making a formal request, or even in customer service settings. For example: Please help me「お願い、助けてください」(おねがい、たすけてください). I have a request「お願いがあります」(おねがいがあります). It is important to note that 'お願い' is often used with the verb 'する' to form the phrase 'お願いします', which is a common way to make a polite request, as in 'Please do this for me「これをやってください、お願いします」(これをやってください、おねがいします)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

320

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

If

Reading

Kanji

若Young

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '若し (もし)' means 'if' and is used to introduce a hypothetical or conditional situation. It is often paired with conditional forms of verbs or expressions to indicate a possibility or assumption. For example: If it rains tomorrow, I will stay home「もし明日雨が降ったら、家にいます」(もしあしたあめがふったら、いえにいます). If you need help, please tell me「もし助けが必要なら、教えてください」(もしたすけがひつようなら、おしえてください). This word is commonly used in polite or formal contexts and is essential for constructing conditional sentences in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

323

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Feel

Reading

Kanji

感Feeling, Sensation

Explanation

The Japanese verb '感じる (かんじる)' means 'to feel'. It is used to express the perception of physical sensations, emotions, or impressions. This verb can describe both tangible and intangible feelings, such as touch, emotions, or intuitive understanding. For example: I feel the warmth of the sun「太陽の暖かさを感じる」(たいようのあたたかさをかんじる). She felt a sense of relief「彼女は安堵を感じた」(かのじょはあんどをかんじた). It can also be used to express a sense of something, like 'I feel that something is wrong'「何かがおかしいと感じる」(なにかがおかしいとかんじる). The verb is versatile and commonly used in both casual and formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

329

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Restroom

Reading

Kanji

洗Wash 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'お手洗い (おてあらい)' means 'restroom' or 'toilet'. It is a polite and formal way to refer to a bathroom or lavatory. This term is commonly used in public places, restaurants, and formal settings. For example: Where is the restroom?「お手洗いはどこですか？」(おてあらいはどこですか？). I need to use the restroom「お手洗いをお借りしたいです」(おてあらいをおかりしたいです). The prefix 'お' adds politeness, making it suitable for polite conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

331

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Room

Reading

Kanji

屋Shop, Roof 部Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '部屋 (へや)' means 'room'. It refers to a space within a building, enclosed by walls, a floor, and a ceiling, typically used for a specific purpose such as living, sleeping, or working. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to describe rooms in homes, offices, or other buildings. For example: This room is bright「この部屋は明るい」(このへやはあかるい). I cleaned my room「私は部屋を掃除した」(わたしはへやをそうじした). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '寝室 (しんしつ) (bedroom)' or '会議室 (かいぎしつ) (meeting room)', but '部屋' alone generally refers to a generic room.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

334

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Truth

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '実 (じつ)' primarily means 'truth' or 'reality'. It refers to something that is genuine, factual, or real, as opposed to something imagined or false. This word is often used in contexts where the authenticity or actual state of something is being emphasized. For example: He told the truth「彼は実を言った」(かれはじつをいった). The reality is different from what we expected「実は私たちが予想したのとは違う」(じつはわたしたちがよそうしたのとはちがう). Additionally, '実' can sometimes refer to 'fruit' in a botanical context, but this is a separate and less common meaning.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

337

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Show

Reading

Kanji

示Show, Indicate

Explanation

The Japanese verb '示す (しめす)' means 'to show' or 'to indicate'. It is used to express the act of presenting something visibly or making something clear. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as showing evidence, indicating a direction, or demonstrating a concept. For example: He showed me the way「彼は私に道を示した」(かれはわたしにみちをしめした). The data indicates a clear trend「データは明確な傾向を示している」(データはめいかくなけいこうをしめしている). Note that '示す' often implies a deliberate or intentional act of showing or indicating something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

338

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relate

Reading

Kanji

関Barrier, Related

Explanation

The Japanese verb '関する (かんする)' means 'to relate to' or 'to concern'. It is used to indicate a connection or relevance between two things. This verb is often used in formal or written contexts. For example: This document relates to the new policy「この文書は新しい方針に関する」(このぶんしょはあたらしいほうしんにかんする). The discussion concerns environmental issues「その議論は環境問題に関する」(そのぎろんはかんきょうもんだいにかんする). Note that '関する' is typically followed by the particle 'に' to indicate the subject of relation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

341

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Together

Reading

Kanji

緒Beginning, Together 一One

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一緒に (いっしょに)' means 'together'. It is used to indicate that two or more people or things are doing something in unison or in the same place. This adverb is commonly used in invitations or when suggesting joint activities. For example: Let's go together「一緒に行きましょう」(いっしょにいきましょう). We ate together「一緒に食べました」(いっしょにたべました). It can also be used to express that something is done simultaneously or in combination, as in 'I will study together with my friend'「友達と一緒に勉強します」(ともだちといっしょにべんきょうします).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

342

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Give

Reading

Kanji

与Give, Involvement

Explanation

The Japanese verb '与える (あたえる)' means 'to give'. It is used to describe the act of providing something to someone, often in a formal or authoritative context. This verb can be used for tangible items, such as gifts or money, as well as intangible things like opportunities, rights, or responsibilities. For example: The teacher gave the students homework「先生は学生に宿題を与えた」(せんせいはがくせいにしゅくだいをあたえた). The government gave the citizens new rights「政府は市民に新しい権利を与えた」(せいふはしみんにあたらしいけんりをあたえた). Note that '与える' often implies a sense of authority or control over what is being given, distinguishing it from more casual verbs like 'あげる'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

343

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Incident

Reading

Kanji

事Thing 件Matter, Affair

Explanation

The Japanese noun '事件 (じけん)' refers to an 'incident' or 'event', often implying something noteworthy, unusual, or involving trouble, such as a crime or accident. It is commonly used in news reports, discussions about legal matters, or everyday conversations to describe significant occurrences. For example: The police are investigating the incident「警察は事件を調査しています」(けいさつはじけんをちょうさしています). This incident shocked everyone「この事件は皆を驚かせた」(このじけんはみんなをおどろかせた). The word can also be used in a broader sense to describe any notable event, but it often carries a connotation of seriousness or disruption.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

344

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Foreign student

Reading

Kanji

生Life 学Learn 留Stay, Detain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '留学生 (りゅうがくせい)' means 'foreign student'. This term refers to a student who is studying in a country other than their own, typically for higher education or long term study programs. It is a common term used in Japanese campuses and academic contexts. For example: He is a foreign student from China「彼は中国からの留学生です」(かれはちゅうごくからのりゅうがくせいです).The university has many foreign students「その大学には留学生がたくさんいます」(そのだいがくにはりゅうがくせいがたくさんいます).The word is a combination of '留学'(りゅうがく), meaning 'studying abroad', and '生'(せい), meaning 'student' or 'life'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

345

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Most

Reading

Kanji

番Turn 一One

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一番 (いちばん)' means 'most' or 'number one'. It is used to indicate the highest degree of something, often in comparisons. For example: This is the most delicious「これが一番美味しい」(これがいちばんおいしい). She is the fastest「彼女が一番速い」(かのじょがいちばんはやい). It can also be used to indicate the first in a sequence, such as in '一番目 (いちばんめ) (first in order)'. The word is versatile and can be used in various contexts to emphasize superiority or priority.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

350

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beginning

Reading

Kanji

初Beginning, First 最Most

Explanation

The Japanese noun '最初 (さいしょ)' means 'beginning' or 'the first'. It refers to the very start of something, such as an event, process, or period. This word is often used to emphasize the initial stage or point in time. For example: At the beginning, it was difficult「最初は難しかった」(さいしょはむずかしかった). Let's start from the beginning「最初から始めましょう」(さいしょからはじめましょう). It can also be used to describe the first occurrence of something, as in '最初の試み (さいしょのこころみ) (the first attempt)'. Note that '最初' is distinct from '始め (はじめ)', which can also mean 'beginning' but often refers to the start of an action or process rather than a specific point in time.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

352

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Certain, Sure

Reading

Kanji

確Certain

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '確か (たしか)' is used to express certainty or sureness about something. It can be used to confirm information or to indicate that something is reliable or accurate. For example: I'm sure he will come「彼は確かに来るでしょう」(かれはたしかにくるでしょう). This is certainly the right way「これは確かに正しい方法です」(これはたしかにただしいほうほうです). It can also be used to recall something from memory, often with a sense of uncertainty, as in 'I think it was last year, but I'm not sure「確か去年だったと思うけど、確かじゃない」(たしかきょねんだったとおもうけど、たしかじゃない)'. The word can be used in both affirmative and negative contexts, and it often carries a nuance of seeking confirmation or reassurance.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

353

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reason

Reading

Kanji

由Reason 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese noun '理由 (りゆう)' means 'reason'. It refers to the cause, explanation, or justification for something. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to explain why something happened or why someone did something. For example: What is the reason for your absence?「欠席の理由は何ですか？」(けっせきのりゆうはなんですか？). There is no reason to worry「心配する理由はない」(しんぱいするりゆうはない). It can also be used in legal or logical contexts to denote grounds or rationale.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

355

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Politics

Reading

Kanji

治Cure, Reign 政Government, Politics

Explanation

The Japanese noun '政治 (せいじ)' means 'politics'. It refers to the activities, actions, and policies used to govern a country or area, especially the debate between parties or individuals having power. It can also refer to the academic study of government and political systems. For example: He is interested in politics「彼は政治に興味がある」(かれはせいじにきょうみがある). The politics of this country are complicated「この国の政治は複雑だ」(このくにのせいじはふくざつだ). The word is commonly used in discussions about government, elections, and policy-making.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

358

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Eat, Receive

Reading

Kanji

頂Crown, Accept

Explanation

The Japanese verb '頂く (いただく)' is a humble form of 'もらう' (to receive) and '食べる' (to eat). It is used to express receiving something from someone of higher status or to humbly express eating or drinking. This verb conveys respect and gratitude towards the giver or the act of consuming. For example: I received a gift from the teacher「先生からプレゼントを頂きました」(せんせいからぷれぜんとをいただきました). I will eat this meal「この食事を頂きます」(このしょくじをいただきます). The verb is often used in formal situations or when showing politeness.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

359

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

God

Reading

Kanji

神God

Explanation

The Japanese noun '神 (かみ)' refers to a 'god' or 'deity'. In Japanese culture, this term is used to describe a wide range of divine beings, from the gods of Shinto (kami) to deities in other religions. It can also refer to a spirit or a revered figure. For example: The god of this shrine is powerful「この神社の神は強い」(このじんじゃのかみはつよい). People pray to the gods for good fortune「人々は幸運を祈って神に祈る」(ひとびとはこううんをいのってかみにいのる). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe someone with exceptional skill or talent, such as '彼は料理の神だ' (かれはりょうりのかみだ) (He is a god of cooking).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

360

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Place

Reading

Kanji

所Place 場Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '場所 (ばしょ)' means 'place'. It refers to a specific location or spot, and can be used in various contexts to indicate where something is or where an event occurs. For example: this is a quiet place「ここは静かな場所です」(ここはしずかなばしょです). I forgot the place where we met「私たちが会った場所を忘れました」(わたしたちがであったばしょをわすれました). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a position or role, such as in '彼には彼の場所がある (かれにはかれのばしょがある) (He has his place).'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

361

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Right

Reading

Kanji

権Rights, Authority

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '権 (けん)' means 'right' or 'authority'. It is commonly used in compound words to denote legal, social, or moral rights, as well as authority or power. For example: human rights「人権」(じんけん), voting rights「選挙権」(せんきょけん), or authority「権力」(けんりょく). This suffix is often attached to nouns to create terms related to rights or authority. Example sentences: He has the right to vote「彼には選挙権がある」(かれにはせんきょけんがある). The government has authority「政府には権力がある」(せいふにはけんりょくがある).

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

362

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Return

Reading

Kanji

戻Return

Explanation

The Japanese verb '戻る (もどる)' means 'to return' or 'to go back'. It is used to indicate the action of returning to a previous location, state, or condition. This verb is commonly used in everyday conversation and can refer to physical movement, such as returning home, or abstract concepts, like reverting to a previous state. For example: I will return home「家に戻ります」(いえにもどります). The situation returned to normal「状況が元に戻った」(じょうきょうがもとにもどった). Note that '戻る' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. To express returning something, the transitive verb '戻す (もどす)' is used instead.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

363

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Request, Wish

Reading

Kanji

願Request, Wish

Explanation

The Japanese verb '願う (ねがう)' has two primary meanings: 'to wish' and 'to request'. When used to mean 'to wish', it expresses a desire or hope for something, often in a formal or earnest manner. For example: I wish for your happiness「あなたの幸せを願います」(あなたのしあわせをねがいます). When used to mean 'to request', it implies asking for something politely or formally, often in a written or official context. For example: I request your understanding「ご理解を願います」(ごりかいをねがいます). The verb is commonly used in formal settings, such as letters, speeches, or prayers, and carries a tone of sincerity and respect.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

374

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Young

Reading

Kanji

若Young

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '若い (わかい)' means 'young'. It is used to describe someone or something that is in the early stage of life or development. This word can be applied to people, animals, plants, or even abstract concepts like ideas or organizations. For example: She is young「彼女は若い」(かのじょはわかい). This tree is still young「この木はまだ若い」(このきはまだわかい). The adjective can also imply inexperience or freshness, as in '若い考え (わかいかんがえ) (young/naive idea)'. It is important to note that '若い' is often used in a positive or neutral context, but it can sometimes carry a nuance of immaturity depending on the situation.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

380

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Content

Reading

Kanji

容Contain, Looks 内Inside

Explanation

The Japanese noun '内容 (ないよう)' means 'content'. It refers to the substance, material, or information contained within something, such as a book, speech, or document. This word is often used in formal or academic contexts to describe the details or essence of a subject. For example: the content of the book is interesting「その本の内容は面白い」(そのほんのないようはおもしろい). Please explain the content of the meeting「会議の内容を説明してください」(かいぎのないようをせつめいしてください). It can also refer to the details of a contract or agreement, as in '契約の内容 (けいやくのないよう) (the content of the contract)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

381

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Want

Reading

Kanji

欲Desire, Longing

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '欲しい (ほしい)' means 'want'. It is used to express a desire for something or someone. This word is often used to indicate that the speaker wants a specific object or outcome. For example: I want a new car「新しい車が欲しい」(あたらしいくるまがほしい). She wants that book「彼女はその本が欲しい」(かのじょはそのほんがほしい). It can also be used to express a desire for someone to do something, as in 'I want you to come with me'「一緒に来て欲しい」(いっしょにきてほしい). Note that '欲しい' is typically used for tangible objects or specific actions, and it conveys a personal desire.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

386

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Difference

Reading

Kanji

違Differ, Different

Explanation

The Japanese noun '違い (ちがい)' means 'difference'. It is used to describe a distinction or contrast between two or more things. This word is commonly used in comparisons or when pointing out discrepancies. For example: There is a big difference between these two「この二つには大きな違いがある」(このふたつにはおおきなちがいがある). I noticed the difference「違いに気づいた」(ちがいにきづいた). It can also be used in phrases like '違いがない (ちがいがない)' meaning 'there is no difference' or 'it makes no difference'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

388

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Request, Seek

Reading

Kanji

求Request, Seek

Explanation

The Japanese verb '求める (もとめる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to seek' or 'to look for', which is used when someone is searching for something, such as an object, information, or a solution. For example: He is seeking the truth「彼は真実を求めている」(かれはしんじつをもとめている). The second meaning is 'to request' or 'to demand', which is used when someone asks for something or requires a specific action. For example: The company requested a detailed report「会社は詳細なレポートを求めた」(かいしゃはしょうさいなレポートをもとめた). The verb can also imply a sense of necessity or desire, depending on the context. It is commonly used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

389

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Then

Reading

Kanji

時Time, Hour 当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '当時 (とうじ)' refers to a specific time in the past, often translated as 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a period or moment being discussed, typically in relation to a story or historical context. For example: At that time, I was a student「当時、私は学生でした」(とうじ、わたしはがくせいでした). The technology was not advanced at that time「当時は技術が進んでいなかった」(とうじはぎじゅつがすすんでいなかった). This word is commonly used in narratives or when recalling past events.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

391

Composition

kanji

Handwriting