Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Kanji School Grade

word

Meaning

Start

Reading

Kanji

開Open 始Begin

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '開始 (かいし)' means 'start' or 'commencement'. It is used to indicate the beginning of an event, activity, or process. This word is often used in formal or official contexts, such as meetings, ceremonies, or operations. For example: The meeting will start at 10 AM「会議は10時に開始します」(かいぎは10じにかいしします). The operation has commenced「手術が開始されました」(しゅじゅつがかいしされました). Note that '開始' is typically used in written or formal speech, while more casual situations might use simpler terms like '始める (はじめる)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1114

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Firstly

Reading

Kanji

始Begin

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '始めに (はじめに)' means 'firstly' or 'to begin with'. It is commonly used to introduce the first point or step in a sequence, often in speeches, presentations, or written instructions. This word sets the stage for what follows and is typically followed by additional points or actions. For example: Firstly, let's introduce ourselves「始めに、自己紹介をしましょう」(はじめに、じこしょうかいをしましょう). Firstly, we need to gather the materials「始めに、材料を集める必要があります」(はじめに、ざいりょうをあつめるひつようがあります). It is a formal and structured way to organize thoughts or actions.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1116

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Surely

Reading

Kanji

急Urgent 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '急度 (きっと)' means 'surely' or 'certainly'. It is used to express a strong belief or conviction about something happening or being true. This word is often used when the speaker is confident about a future event or outcome. For example: He will surely come「彼はきっと来る」(かれはきっとくる). It will surely rain tomorrow「明日はきっと雨が降る」(あしたはきっとあめがふる). The nuance of 'きっと' often implies a sense of hope or expectation, and it is commonly used in positive contexts. It can also be used to reassure someone, as in 'きっと大丈夫 (きっとだいじょうぶ) (Surely, it will be okay).'

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1117

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Light

Reading

Kanji

軽Lightly

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '軽い (かるい)' primarily means 'light' in terms of weight. It can describe physical objects that are not heavy, such as a light bag「軽いバッグ」(かるいバッグ). It can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is not serious or significant, like a light conversation「軽い会話」(かるいかいわ). Additionally, it can describe something that is easy to do or handle, such as a light task「軽い仕事」(かるいしごと). The adjective is versatile and can be used in various contexts to convey the idea of something being light in weight, seriousness, or difficulty.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1119

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

All

Reading

Kanji

全Whole, All

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '全 (ぜん)' means 'all' or 'entire'. It is commonly used to indicate completeness or entirety when attached to nouns. For example: all members「全員」(ぜんいん), all over the world「全世界」(ぜんせかい), or all day「全日」(ぜんじつ). This prefix is often used in formal or written contexts to emphasize the totality of something. Another example: all power「全力」(ぜんりょく). Note that '全' can also be used in compound words to convey a sense of wholeness or comprehensiveness, such as in '全国 (ぜんこく)' meaning 'nationwide' or 'entire country'.

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1123

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Execution

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '実行 (じっこう)' means 'execution' or 'implementation'. It refers to the act of carrying out or putting something into practice, such as a plan, idea, or action. This word is often used in contexts involving decision-making, projects, or strategies. For example: The execution of the plan was successful「計画の実行は成功した」(けいかくのじっこうはせいこうした). We need to execute this idea immediately「このアイデアをすぐに実行する必要がある」(このアイデアをすぐにじっこうするひつようがある). Note that '実行' is commonly paired with verbs like 'する' to indicate the act of executing something.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1125

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Disease

Reading

Kanji

病Illness

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '病 (びょう)' means 'disease' or 'illness'. It is commonly attached to nouns to describe specific diseases or conditions. For example: heart disease「心臓病」(しんぞうびょう), mental illness「精神病」(せいしんびょう). This suffix is also used metaphorically to describe obsessive behaviors or conditions, such as 'otaku disease'「オタク病」(おたくびょう), referring to an extreme obsession with anime or manga. The suffix is neutral in tone but can carry a negative connotation depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1126

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tale

Reading

Kanji

物Thing 語Language, Word

Explanation

The Japanese noun '物語 (ものがたり)' refers to a 'tale' or 'story'. It is commonly used to describe a narrative, whether fictional or based on real events, that is told in a structured manner. This word often carries a sense of tradition or literary value, and it can be used to describe anything from ancient legends to modern novels. For example: I read an old tale「古い物語を読みました」(ふるいものがたりをよみました). This tale is very interesting「この物語はとても面白いです」(このものがたりはとてもおもしろいです). The word can also imply a deeper or more meaningful story, often with a moral or lesson.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1133

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Development

Reading

Kanji

開Open 発Departure

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '開発 (かいはつ)' means 'development'. It is commonly used in contexts related to the creation, improvement, or advancement of products, technologies, areas, or ideas. For example: the development of new technology「新しい技術の開発」(あたらしいぎじゅつのかいはつ). This area is under development「この地域は開発中です」(このちいきはかいはつちゅうです). It can also refer to the exploitation of resources, such as in 'land development'「土地の開発」(とちのかいはつ). The word is neutral and widely applicable across industries, including technology, real estate, and education.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1136

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Occurrence

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 生Life

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発生 (はっせい)' refers to the occurrence, outbreak, or generation of something, often used in contexts like natural phenomena, events, or issues. It implies the beginning or emergence of a situation or condition. For example: the occurrence of an earthquake「地震の発生」(じしんのはっせい). The outbreak of a disease「病気の発生」(びょうきのはっせい). It can also be used in technical or scientific contexts, such as the generation of energy「エネルギーの発生」(えねるぎーのはっせい).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1139

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Statement

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 言Say

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発言 (はつげん)' refers to the act of making a statement or expressing an opinion, often in a formal or public setting. It is commonly used in contexts such as meetings, debates, or discussions. For example: His statement was very clear「彼の発言はとても明確でした」(かれのはつげんはとてもめいかくでした). Please refrain from making unnecessary statements「不必要な発言は控えてください」(ふひつようなはつげんはひかえてください). The word emphasizes the act of speaking out or contributing to a conversation, and it often carries a sense of responsibility or significance.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1140

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Establish, Determine

Reading

Kanji

定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese verb '定める (さだめる)' primarily means 'to determine' or 'to establish'. It is used when setting rules, standards, or decisions firmly. For example: The government determined the new policy「政府は新しい政策を定めた」(せいふはあたらしいせいさくをさだめた). They established the rules for the competition「彼らは競技のルールを定めた」(かれらはきょうぎのルールをさだめた). This verb often implies a formal or authoritative decision-making process. It can also be used in contexts like setting a date or defining a concept, such as: The date for the meeting was set「会議の日付が定められた」(かいぎのひづけがさだめられた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1141

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discovery

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 見See

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発見 (はっけん)' means 'discovery'. It refers to the act of finding or uncovering something previously unknown or hidden. This word is often used in scientific, historical, or everyday contexts to describe the process of identifying something new. For example: The discovery of a new species「新種の発見」(しんしゅのはっけん). He made a surprising discovery「彼は驚くべき発見をした」(かれはおどろくべきはっけんをした). Note that '発見' can also imply a sense of realization or insight, such as discovering a solution to a problem.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1143

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Departure

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 発Departure

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '出発 (しゅっぱつ)' means 'departure'. It refers to the act of leaving or setting out from a place, often used in contexts like travel, trips, or starting a journey. It can also metaphorically describe the beginning of a new endeavor or phase. For example: The train's departure is at 8 AM「電車の出発は8時です」(でんしゃのしゅっぱつは8じです). We will depart for Kyoto tomorrow「明日、京都へ出発します」(あした、きょうとへしゅっぱつします). Note that '出発' is often used with the verb 'する' to form the phrase '出発する', meaning 'to depart'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1145

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Announcement

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 表Surface, Express

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発表 (はっぴょう)' means 'announcement' or 'presentation'. It refers to the act of making something known publicly, often in a formal or official setting. This word is commonly used in academic, business, and media contexts. For example: The company made an announcement about the new product「会社は新製品について発表した」(かいしゃはしんせいひんについてはっぴょうした). I will give a presentation at the conference「私は会議で発表します」(わたしはかいぎではっぴょうします). The teacher announced the test results「先生はテストの結果を発表した」(せんせいはテストのけっかではっぴょうした). Note that '発表' can also imply a sense of responsibility or formality, as it often involves sharing information that others are waiting to hear.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1148

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Representation, Delegate

Reading

Kanji

代Substitute, Era 表Surface, Express

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '代表 (だいひょう)' can mean 'representation' or 'delegate'. As 'representation', it refers to the act of speaking or acting on behalf of someone or something. As 'delegate', it refers to a person chosen or appointed to represent others. Example sentences: He is the representative of our company「彼は私たちの会社の代表です」(かれはわたしたちのかいしゃのだいひょうです). This painting is a representation of peace「この絵は平和の代表です」(このえはへいわのだいひょうです). The nuance here is that '代表' can refer to both the concept of representation and the person who represents, depending on context.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1151

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Finger

Reading

Kanji

指Finger

Explanation

The Japanese noun '指 (ゆび)' refers to a 'finger'. It is used to describe the digits on a hand, and can also refer to toes in certain contexts, though '足の指 (あしのゆび)' is more specific for toes. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can be found in various expressions. For example: my finger hurts「指が痛い」(ゆびがいたい). She pointed with her finger「彼女は指で指した」(かのじょはゆびでさした). The word can also be used metaphorically, such as in '指を差す (ゆびをさす)', which means 'to point at' or 'to accuse'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1159

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

World, Society

Reading

Kanji

世World, Generation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '世 (よ)' primarily means 'world' or 'society'. It refers to the physical world, human society, or the realm of existence. It is often used in a broad sense to describe the environment or era in which people live. For example: the world is vast「世は広い」(よはひろい). He is well-known in society「彼は世に知られている」(かれはよにしられている). The word can also imply the passage of time or an era, as in 'この世 (このよ) (this world)' or '来世 (らいせ) (the next world)'. It is a versatile term used in both literal and metaphorical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1161

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Modern

Reading

Kanji

近Near 代Substitute, Era

Explanation

The Japanese noun '近代 (きんだい)' refers to the 'modern' era or period, typically in the context of history or society. It often denotes the period from the late 19th century to the mid-20th century, characterized by industrialization, modernization, and significant cultural and political changes. For example: Japan modernized during the Meiji era「日本は明治時代に近代化した」(にほんはめいじじだいできんだいかした). Modern architecture is fascinating「近代建築は魅力的だ」(きんだいけんちくはみりょくてきだ). The word is commonly used in historical, cultural, and academic discussions to describe the transition from traditional to contemporary society.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1163

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Substitute

Reading

Kanji

代Substitute, Era

Explanation

The Japanese noun '代わり (かわり)' means 'substitute' or 'replacement'. It refers to something or someone that takes the place of another. This word is often used in contexts where one thing is exchanged for another, such as in a trade or a replacement. For example: I will go in your place「私があなたの代わりに行きます」(わたしがあなたのかわりにいきます). This can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as when one action or event compensates for another. For example: The food was bad, but the service made up for it「料理はまずかったけど、サービスが代わりになった」(りょうりはまずかったけど、サービスがかわりになった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1169

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pure white

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 白White

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '真っ白 (まっしろ)' means 'pure white' or 'completely white'. It is used to describe something that is entirely white, without any blemishes or other colors. This term emphasizes the intensity or purity of the whiteness. For example: The snow is pure white「雪が真っ白だ」(ゆきがまっしろだ). Her dress is completely white「彼女のドレスは真っ白です」(かのじょのドレスはまっしろです). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe something as being clean or untainted, such as a pure heart or a blank slate.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1175

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pitch dark

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 暗Darkness

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '真っ暗 (まっくら)' means 'pitch-dark'. It is used to describe a state of complete darkness, where no light is visible. This word can be used to describe physical spaces, such as rooms or outdoor areas, as well as metaphorical situations, like a hopeless or unclear future. For example: the room is pitch-dark「部屋は真っ暗だ」(へやはまっくらだ). The night was pitch-dark「夜は真っ暗だった」(よるはまっくらだった). The word '真っ暗' often conveys a sense of intensity or extremity in the darkness, emphasizing the absence of light.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1178

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Transport, Carry

Reading

Kanji

運Fortune

Explanation

The Japanese verb '運ぶ (はこぶ)' primarily means 'to carry' or 'to transport'. It is used to describe the action of moving objects or items from one place to another. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: I will carry the box「箱を運びます」(はこをはこびます). The truck transports goods「トラックが荷物を運ぶ」(トラックがにもつをはこぶ). In a figurative sense, it can also mean to progress or move forward, as in 'The meeting is progressing smoothly'「会議が順調に運んでいる」(かいぎがじゅんちょうにはこんでいる).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1180

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pitch black

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 黒Black

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '真っ黒 (まっくろ)' means 'pitch black' or 'completely black'. It is used to describe something that is entirely black in color, often emphasizing the depth or intensity of the blackness. This word can be used to describe objects, surfaces, or even situations metaphorically. For example: The sky is pitch black「空が真っ黒だ」(そらがまっくろだ). His hands were completely black from the soot「彼の手はすすで真っ黒だった」(かれのてはすすでまっくろだった). Note that '真っ黒' often carries a stronger emphasis than just '黒い (くろい)' (black).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1181

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pale, Deep blue

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 青Blue

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '真っ青 (まっさお)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'deep blue', referring to a vivid, intense shade of blue, often used to describe the color of the sky or the sea. For example: The sea is deep blue today「今日の海は真っ青だ」(きょうのうみはまっさおだ). The second meaning is 'pale', used to describe someone's complexion when they are shocked, scared, or unwell. For example: His face turned pale「彼の顔は真っ青になった」(かれのかおはまっさおになった). These two meanings are unrelated and context-dependent, so it's important to pay attention to the situation in which the word is used.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1182

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Straight

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '真っ直ぐ (まっすぐ)' means 'straight'. It is used to describe something that is direct, without curves or bends, or to describe someone acting honestly or straightforwardly. For example: go straight「真っ直ぐ行ってください」(まっすぐいってください). He is a straightforward person「彼は真っ直ぐな人です」(かれはまっすぐなひとです). This word can also imply moral uprightness or sincerity in behavior.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1194

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Advance, Proceed

Reading

Kanji

進Advance

Explanation

The Japanese verb '進める (すすめる)' primarily means 'to advance' or 'to proceed'. It is used to describe moving something forward, whether physically, in a process, or in a discussion. For example: let's proceed with the plan「計画を進めましょう」(けいかくをすすめましょう). He advanced the project「彼はプロジェクトを進めた」(かれはプロジェクトをすすめた). This verb can also be used in contexts like advancing a piece in a game or progressing in a task. Note that it is transitive, meaning it requires a direct object to indicate what is being advanced or proceeded with.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1197

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Corner

Reading

Kanji

曲Music, Bend 角Corner, Angle

Explanation

The Japanese noun '曲がり角 (まがりかど)' refers to a 'corner' or 'bend' in a road or path. It is often used both literally and metaphorically. Literally, it describes a physical turn or curve in a street or path. Metaphorically, it can signify a turning point or critical moment in life or a situation. For example: Turn right at the corner「曲がり角を右に曲がってください」(まがりかどをみぎにまがってください). This is a turning point in my life「これは私の人生の曲がり角です」(これはわたしのじんせいのまがりかどです). The word is commonly used in everyday conversation and literature to describe both physical and abstract concepts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1204

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flavor, Taste

Reading

Kanji

味Flavor

Explanation

The Japanese noun '味 (み)' primarily refers to the sense of taste or the flavor of something. It can describe the literal taste of food or drink, as well as the figurative 'flavor' or essence of an experience or situation. For example: This soup has a good taste「このスープは味がいい」(このスープはあじがいい). The flavor of this dish is unique「この料理の味は独特だ」(このりょうりのあじはどくとくだ). Additionally, '味' can be used metaphorically to describe the 'taste' of life or an experience, such as in the phrase '人生の味 (じんせいのあじ)' (the taste of life).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1208

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Employee

Reading

Kanji

社Company 員Member

Explanation

The Japanese noun '社員 (しゃいん)' refers to an 'employee' or 'staff member' of a company. It specifically denotes someone who is formally employed by a corporation or organization. This term is commonly used in business contexts to distinguish employees from other types of workers, such as part-time or contract workers. For example: He is a company employee「彼は会社の社員です」(かれはかいしゃのしゃいんです). Our company has many employees「私たちの会社には多くの社員がいます」(わたしたちのかいしゃにはおおくのしゃいんがいます). The term can also be used to describe someone's status within a company, such as '新入社員 (しんにゅうしゃいん)' meaning 'new employee'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1213

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Travel

Reading

Kanji

旅Travel 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '旅行 (りょこう)' means 'travel'. It refers to the act of going on a trip or journey, often for leisure, business, or exploration. This word is commonly used in contexts involving vacations, sightseeing, or visiting new places. For example: I enjoy traveling「旅行が好きです」(りょこうがすきです). We went on a trip to Kyoto「京都に旅行しました」(きょうとにりょこうしました). It can also be used in compound words like '海外旅行 (かいがいりょこう)' (overseas travel) or '家族旅行 (かぞくりょこう)' (family trip).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1215

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Embassy

Reading

Kanji

大Big 使Use 館Building

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大使館 (たいしかん)' refers to an 'embassy', which is the official residence or offices of an ambassador and their staff in a foreign country. It is a place where diplomatic activities are conducted, such as issuing visas, assisting citizens abroad, and fostering international relations. For example: The embassy is located in Tokyo「大使館は東京にあります」(たいしかんはとうきょうにあります). I went to the embassy to apply for a visa「ビザを申請するために大使館に行きました」(びざをしんせいするためにたいしかんにいきました). The term is commonly used in formal contexts and is essential for discussions about international diplomacy and travel.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1216

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Life

Reading

Kanji

生Life 命Command, Life

Explanation

The Japanese noun '生命 (せいめい)' refers to 'life' in the sense of living existence, vitality, or the essence of being alive. It is often used in contexts related to biology, philosophy, or spirituality. For example: Life is precious「生命は大切です」(せいめいはたいせつです). The origin of life is a mystery「生命の起源は謎です」(せいめいのきげんはなぞです). This word carries a profound and somewhat formal tone, distinguishing it from more casual terms like '命 (いのち)', which also means 'life' but is used in everyday contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1219

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Homework

Reading

Kanji

宿Lodging 題Topic

Explanation

The Japanese noun '宿題 (しゅくだい)' means 'homework'. It refers to tasks or assignments given to students to complete outside of class. This word is commonly used in educational contexts and is often associated with schoolwork. For example: I have a lot of homework「宿題がたくさんある」(しゅくだいがたくさんある). Did you finish your homework?「宿題は終わった？」(しゅくだいはおわった？). The word can also be used more broadly to refer to any pending task or responsibility, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1222

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Heavy

Reading

Kanji

重Heavy

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '重い (おもい)' means 'heavy'. It is used to describe something that has a significant weight or mass. This adjective can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is serious, burdensome, or difficult to handle. For example: this box is heavy「この箱は重い」(このはこはおもい). The situation is heavy「状況が重い」(じょうきょうがおもい). It can also describe a feeling of heaviness, such as in 'my heart feels heavy「心が重い」(こころがおもい)'. Note that '重い' is often used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it a versatile adjective in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1227

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Car

Reading

Kanji

自Self 動Move 車Car

Explanation

The Japanese noun '自動車 (じどうしゃ)' means 'car'. It refers to a motor vehicle with four wheels, typically powered by an internal combustion engine or an electric motor, and is used for transporting passengers. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and formal contexts. For example: I bought a new car「新しい自動車を買いました」(あたらしいじどうしゃをかいました). The car is parked over there「自動車はあそこに止まっています」(じどうしゃはあそこにとまっています). The term is neutral and can refer to any type of car, from sedans to SUVs.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1258

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Self study

Reading

Kanji

自Self 習Learn

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '自習 (じしゅう)' means 'self-study'. It refers to the act of studying or learning something on one's own, without direct instruction or supervision from a teacher. This term is commonly used in educational contexts, such as schools or universities, where students are expected to engage in self-study outside of class. For example: I will do self-study at the library today「今日は図書館で自習します」(きょうはとしょかんでじしゅうします). The teacher told us to do self-study for the next chapter「先生は次の章を自習するように言いました」(せんせいはつぎのしょうをじしゅうするようにいいました). Note that '自習' is often used in the form '自習する (じしゅうする)', which functions as a verb meaning 'to self-study'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1261

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Freedom, Liberty

Reading

Kanji

自Self 由Reason

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '自由 (じゆう)' primarily means 'freedom' or 'liberty'. It refers to the state of being free from constraints, whether physical, social, or psychological. This word is often used in contexts discussing personal freedom, free will, or the absence of restrictions. For example: I want freedom「自由が欲しい」(じゆうがほしい). Children have the freedom to play「子供たちは自由に遊べる」(こどもたちはじゆうにあそべる). It can also describe something being optional or unrestricted, as in 'free seating'「自由席」(じゆうせき). Note that while 'freedom' and 'liberty' are closely related, 'freedom' emphasizes the absence of constraints, while 'liberty' often implies the right or permission to act freely.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1264

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Road

Reading

Kanji

道Way 路Path

Explanation

The Japanese noun '道路 (どうろ)' refers to a 'road' or 'street'. It is commonly used to describe a paved or constructed path designed for vehicles, bicycles, or pedestrians. This word is neutral and can refer to roads of any size, from small streets to large highways. Example sentences: The road is wide「道路は広い」(どうろはひろい). There is heavy traffic on this road「この道路は渋滞している」(このどうろはじゅうたいしている). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '高速道路 (こうそくどうろ)' (highway) or '歩道 (ほどう)' (sidewalk), which is often adjacent to a road.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1269

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gather

Reading

Kanji

集Gather

Explanation

The Japanese verb '集まる (あつまる)' means 'to gather' or 'to come together'. It is used to describe people, animals, or things coming together in one place. This verb is often used in contexts where a group of people or things assemble for a specific purpose or event. For example: Many people gathered at the park「たくさんの人が公園に集まった」(たくさんのひとがこうえんにあつまった). The birds gathered on the tree「鳥たちが木に集まった」(とりたちがきにあつまった). It can also be used metaphorically, such as when ideas or data come together. For instance: The data gathered here is very useful「ここに集まったデータはとても役に立つ」(ここにあつまったデータはとてもやくにたつ).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1273

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Conflict

Reading

Kanji

対Against 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '対立 (たいりつ)' means 'conflict' or 'opposition'. It refers to a situation where two or more parties have opposing views, interests, or goals, leading to a clash or disagreement. This term is often used in contexts such as politics, relationships, or debates. For example: There is a conflict between the two parties「二つの党の間に対立がある」(ふたつのとうのあいだにたいりつがある). The conflict between the two countries intensified「二つの国の対立が激化した」(ふたつのくにのたいりつがげきかした). Note that '対立' can also imply a more formal or structured opposition, such as in legal or ideological disputes.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1280

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reverse, Opposition

Reading

Kanji

反Anti 対Against

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '反対 (はんたい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'opposition,' referring to being against something or someone, such as in a disagreement or protest. For example: I am against this plan「私はこの計画に反対です」(わたしはこのけいかくにはんたいです). The second meaning is 'reverse,' indicating the opposite direction or side. For example: Please write it in reverse order「反対の順番で書いてください」(はんたいのじゅんばんでかいてください). The word is versatile and can be used in both abstract and concrete contexts, depending on the situation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1282

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Way

Reading

Kanji

仕Serve 方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '仕方 (しかた)' means 'way' or 'method'. It refers to the manner or approach in which something is done. This word is often used when discussing how to accomplish a task or solve a problem. For example: There is no other way「仕方がない」(しかたがない). This is the way to do it「これが仕方だ」(これがしかただ). It can also imply resignation or acceptance when used in phrases like '仕方がない (しかたがない)', which means 'it can't be helped' or 'there's no other way'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1290

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Peace

Reading

Kanji

平Flat 和Peace

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '平和 (へいわ)' means 'peace'. It is used to describe a state of tranquility, absence of violence, or harmony. This term is often used in contexts related to world peace, peaceful coexistence, or a peaceful state of mind. For example: I wish for world peace「世界の平和を願います」(せかいのへいわをねがいます). The country is in a peaceful state「その国は平和な状態です」(そのくにはへいわなじょうたいです). Note that '平和' can also be used as a noun, but its primary function is as an adjectival noun, often followed by 'な' when modifying a noun, as in '平和な国 (へいわなくに) (peaceful country)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1301

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Highschool

Reading

Kanji

高High, Expensive 等Equal 学Learn 校School

Explanation

The Japanese noun '高等学校 (こうとうがっこう)' refers to a 'high school', which is an educational institution for students typically aged 15 to 18. In Japan, high school is not compulsory, but most students attend to prepare for university entrance exams or vocational training. Example sentences: I go to high school「私は高等学校に行きます」(わたしはこうとうがっこうにいきます). High school is fun「高等学校は楽しい」(こうとうがっこうはたのしい). The term is often abbreviated to '高校 (こうこう)' in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1303

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hospitalization

Reading

Kanji

入Enter 院Institution

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '入院 (にゅういん)' refers to the act of being admitted to a hospital for treatment or care. It is commonly used in contexts where someone is staying in a hospital due to illness, injury, or medical procedures. For example: He was hospitalized for a week「彼は一週間入院した」(かれはいっしゅうかんにゅういんした). My grandmother needs to be hospitalized「私の祖母は入院する必要がある」(わたしのそぼはにゅういんするひつようがある). This term is often used in medical or personal health-related conversations.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1307

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Graduate school

Reading

Kanji

大Big 学Learn 院Institution

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大学院 (だいがくいん)' refers to 'graduate school', which is an institution of higher education where students pursue advanced studies beyond a bachelor's degree. It is commonly used in academic contexts to describe programs for master's or doctoral degrees. Example sentences: I am studying at graduate school「私は大学院で勉強しています」(わたしはだいがくいんでべんきょうしています). She is applying to graduate school「彼女は大学院に応募しています」(かのじょはだいがくいんにおうぼしています). The term is often associated with research and specialized academic training.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1308

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Doctor

Reading

Kanji

医Doctor 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'お医者さん (おいしゃさん)' means 'doctor'. It is a polite and respectful term used to refer to a medical doctor or physician. The prefix 'お' adds politeness, and 'さん' is an honorific suffix, making the term more formal and respectful. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation when referring to doctors. For example: I went to the doctor「お医者さんに行きました」(おいしゃさんにいきました). The doctor is kind「お医者さんは優しいです」(おいしゃさんはやさしいです). It is important to note that 'お医者さん' is more commonly used in spoken language, while '医者 (いしゃ)' is a more neutral term that can be used in both spoken and written contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1312

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dentist

Reading

Kanji

歯Tooth 医Doctor 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '歯医者 (はいしゃ)' means 'dentist'. It refers to a medical professional who specializes in the care and treatment of teeth and oral health. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation when discussing dental appointments or issues. For example: I went to the dentist「歯医者に行きました」(はいしゃにいきました). The dentist is kind「その歯医者は優しいです」(そのはいしゃはやさしいです). It is important to note that '歯医者' is often used interchangeably with '歯科医 (しかい)', though '歯医者' is more casual and commonly used in spoken language.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1313

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Toothbrush

Reading

Kanji

歯Tooth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '歯ブラシ (はぶらし)' means 'toothbrush'. It refers to the tool used for cleaning teeth, typically consisting of a small brush on a handle. This word is commonly used in daily life when discussing personal hygiene or shopping for bathroom essentials. For example: I bought a new toothbrush「新しい歯ブラシを買いました」(あたらしいはぶらしをかいました). Don't forget to bring your toothbrush「歯ブラシを忘れないでください」(はぶらしをわすれないでください). The word is a compound of '歯 (は)' meaning 'tooth' and 'ブラシ (ぶらし)' meaning 'brush'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1314

Composition

kanji-katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Writing

Reading

Kanji

文Sentence 章Chapter, Badge

Explanation

The Japanese noun '文章 (ぶんしょう)' refers to a piece of writing or a written composition. It is commonly used to describe sentences, paragraphs, essays, or any structured written text. This term emphasizes the arrangement and expression of ideas through written language. For example: His writing is very clear「彼の文章はとてもわかりやすい」(かれのぶんしょうはとてもわかりやすい). I enjoy reading her essays「彼女の文章を読むのが好きです」(かのじょのぶんしょうをよむのがすきです). The word can also imply the style or quality of writing, such as in '文章が上手 (ぶんしょうがじょうず)' (good at writing).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1319

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exactly

Reading

Kanji

丁Street 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '丁度 (ちょうど)' means 'exactly' or 'just'. It is used to indicate precision in time, quantity, or condition. It can also imply that something happens at the perfect moment or fits perfectly. For example: It's exactly 3 o'clock「ちょうど3時です」(ちょうどさんじです). This shirt fits me just right「このシャツはちょうどいい」(このシャツはちょうどいい). The train arrived exactly on time「電車はちょうど時間通りに到着した」(でんしゃはちょうどじかんどおりにとうちゃくした). Note that 'ちょうど' is often used in casual and formal contexts alike, making it a versatile word in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1325

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Aim

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 指Finger

Explanation

The Japanese verb '目指す (めざす)' means 'to aim' or 'to strive for'. It is used when someone is working towards a specific goal or target. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as career goals, personal achievements, or physical destinations. For example: I aim to become a doctor「医者を目指しています」(いしゃをめざしています). He is aiming for the top of the mountain「彼は山の頂上を目指している」(かれはやまのちょうじょうをめざしている). The nuance of '目指す' implies a deliberate and focused effort towards achieving something significant.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1332

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attention

Reading

Kanji

注Pour 目Eye

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '注目 (ちゅうもく)' means 'attention' or 'focus'. It is used to describe the act of paying attention to something or someone, often implying interest or importance. This word is commonly used in contexts where something noteworthy or significant is being highlighted. For example: The new policy is attracting attention「新しい政策が注目を集めている」(あたらしいせいさくがちゅうもくをあつめている). Please pay attention to this point「この点に注目してください」(このてんにちゅうもくしてください). It can also be used in phrases like '注目の的 (ちゅうもくのまと)', meaning 'the center of attention'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1338

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Order

Reading

Kanji

注Pour 文Sentence

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '注文 (ちゅうもん)' primarily means 'order' and is used in contexts such as ordering food at a restaurant, placing an order for goods, or requesting a service. It conveys the act of making a request or placing a demand for something. For example: I will order sushi「寿司を注文します」(すしをちゅうもんします). He placed an order for a new book「彼は新しい本を注文しました」(かれはあたらしいほんをちゅうもんしました). The word can also imply a specific request or customization, as in 'custom order' or 'special order'. It is commonly used in both casual and formal settings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1339

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flow

Reading

Kanji

流Flow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '流れ (ながれ)' primarily means 'flow'. It is used to describe the movement of liquids, such as water in a river, or the progression of events, time, or trends. For example: the flow of the river is fast「川の流れが速い」(かわのながれがはやい). The flow of time is unstoppable「時間の流れは止められない」(じかんのながれはとめられない). Additionally, '流れ' can also refer to the general direction or course of something, such as the flow of a conversation or the flow of a story. For example: the flow of the conversation changed「会話の流れが変わった」(かいわのながれがかわった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1341

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attention

Reading

Kanji

注Pour 意Idea

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '注意 (ちゅうい)' primarily means 'attention'. It is used to indicate the act of paying attention or being cautious about something. This word is often used in contexts where one needs to be careful or alert, such as in warnings or instructions. For example: Pay attention to the road「道路に注意してください」(どうろにちゅういしてください). Be careful with the hot water「お湯に注意」(おゆにちゅうい). Additionally, '注意' can also be used in a more formal or serious context, such as in official warnings or notices. For instance: The teacher gave a warning about the upcoming test「先生はテストについて注意を与えた」(せんせいはテストについてちゅういをあたえた).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1344

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Leaf

Reading

Kanji

葉Leaf

Explanation

The Japanese noun '葉 (は)' means 'leaf'. It refers to the green, flat, and typically thin structure that grows from the stem or branches of a plant. This word is commonly used in contexts related to nature, plants, and seasons, particularly when describing trees or foliage. For example: the leaves are green「葉は緑です」(ははみどりです). The leaves are falling「葉が落ちている」(はがおちている). In Japanese culture, leaves are often associated with seasonal changes, such as autumn leaves (紅葉, もみじ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1345

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Preparation

Reading

Kanji

用Use 意Idea

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '用意 (ようい)' means 'preparation'. It refers to the act of preparing or getting something ready for a specific purpose or event. This word is commonly used in contexts where planning or readiness is required, such as preparing for a trip, a meal, or an event. For example: I finished my preparation for the trip「旅行の用意ができた」(りょこうのよういができた). Please prepare the documents「書類を用意してください」(しょるいをよういしてください). It can also imply a sense of readiness or having something at hand, as in '用意ができている (よういができている)' meaning 'to be prepared'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1346

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Breath

Reading

Kanji

息Breath

Explanation

The Japanese noun '息 (いき)' means 'breath'. It refers to the air taken into or expelled from the lungs, and is commonly used in contexts related to breathing, such as holding one's breath or being out of breath. For example: I took a deep breath「私は深く息をした」(わたしはふかくいきをした). He was out of breath after running「彼は走った後で息が切れていた」(かれははしったあとでいきがきれていた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a pause or moment of rest, as in 'a breath of fresh air'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1348

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gather, Collect

Reading

Kanji

集Gather

Explanation

The Japanese verb '集める (あつめる)' primarily means 'to gather' or 'to collect'. It is used when bringing things or people together in one place. For example: I gathered information「情報を集めた」(じょうほうをあつめた). She collects stamps「彼女は切手を集める」(かのじょはきってをあつめる). The verb can also be used in abstract contexts, such as gathering attention or collecting ideas. Note that the nuance of 'gather' often implies bringing scattered items together, while 'collect' implies a more deliberate accumulation of items over time.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1354

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Release

Reading

Kanji

公Public 開Open

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '公開 (こうかい)' primarily means 'release' or 'public disclosure'. It is commonly used in contexts where something is made available to the public, such as the release of a movie, the disclosure of information, or the opening of a facility to the public. For example: The movie will be released next week「その映画は来週公開されます」(そのえいがはらいしゅうこうかいされます). The government disclosed the data「政府はデータを公開した」(せいふはデータをこうかいした). Note that '公開' can also imply transparency or making something accessible to a wider audience.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1375

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ownership

Reading

Kanji

所Place 有Exist

Explanation

The Japanese noun '所有 (しょゆう)' refers to the state or right of owning something. It is commonly used in legal, formal, or everyday contexts to describe possession or ownership of property, assets, or items. For example: The ownership of this land is unclear「この土地の所有は不明です」(このとちのしょゆうはふめいです). He transferred the ownership of the car to his son「彼は車の所有権を息子に譲りました」(かれはくるまのしょゆうけんをむすこにゆずりました). Note that '所有' often appears in compound words like '所有権 (しょゆうけん)' (ownership rights) or '所有物 (しょゆうぶつ)' (possessions).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1378

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Zoo

Reading

Kanji

動Move 物Thing 園Garden

Explanation

The Japanese noun '動物園 (どうぶつえん)' means 'zoo'. It refers to a facility where animals are kept within enclosures, displayed to the public, and often bred for conservation purposes. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and writing when referring to places where people can see and learn about various animals. For example: Let's go to the zoo「動物園に行きましょう」(どうぶつえんにいきましょう). The zoo has many animals「その動物園にはたくさんの動物がいます」(そのどうぶつえんにはたくさんのどうぶつがいます). The word is a compound of '動物 (どうぶつ)' meaning 'animal' and '園 (えん)' meaning 'garden' or 'park', reflecting its purpose as a place for animals.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1379

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Weight

Reading

Kanji

重Heavy

Explanation

The Japanese noun '重 (じゅう)' primarily means 'weight'. It is used to refer to the physical weight of an object or the heaviness of something. This term can also be used metaphorically to describe the weight or burden of responsibilities or emotions. For example: The weight of the box is heavy「箱の重は重い」(はこのじゅうはおもい). The weight of responsibility is heavy「責任の重は重い」(せきにんのじゅうはおもい). It's important to note that '重' can also be part of compound words, such as '体重 (たいじゅう)' meaning 'body weight'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1395

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Island

Reading

Kanji

島Island

Explanation

The Japanese noun '島 (しま)' means 'island'. This word refers to a piece of land surrounded by water, and it is commonly used to describe both natural and man-made islands. It can be used in various contexts, such as geography, travel, or even metaphorically. For example: I want to visit a tropical island「熱帯の島に行きたい」(ねったいのしまにいきたい). This island is famous for its beautiful beaches「この島は美しいビーチで有名です」(このしまはうつくしいビーチでゆうめいです). The word '島' can also be part of compound words, such as '無人島 (むじんとう)' (uninhabited island) or '島国 (しまぐに)' (island country).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1396

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Other side, Beyond

Reading

Kanji

向Facing, Yonder

Explanation

The Japanese noun '向こう (むこう)' primarily means 'beyond' or 'the other side'. It is used to refer to a place or area that is on the opposite side of a certain point, often implying a sense of distance or separation. For example: The town beyond the river「川の向こうの町」(かわのむこうのまち). The other side of the mountain「山の向こう」(やまのむこう). It can also be used metaphorically to refer to something that is beyond one's current understanding or reach, such as 'beyond my imagination'「私の想像の向こう」(わたしのそうぞうのむこう). This word is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1408

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drop

Reading

Kanji

落Fall

Explanation

The Japanese verb '落とす (おとす)' primarily means 'to drop' or 'to let something fall'. It is used when something is intentionally or accidentally dropped from a higher position to a lower one. This verb can also imply losing something valuable or failing to retain something. For example: I dropped my phone「携帯を落とした」(けいたいをおとした). He dropped the ball during the game「彼は試合中にボールを落とした」(かれはしあいちゅうにボールをおとした). Additionally, '落とす' can be used metaphorically, such as in the context of failing an exam: She failed the test「彼女はテストを落とした」(かのじょはテストをおとした).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1415

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

World, Realm

Reading

Kanji

界World

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '界 (かい)' is used to denote a world, realm, or sphere, often referring to a specific domain or field of activity. It can be used in various contexts to describe different areas of interest or expertise. For example: the world of art「芸術界」(げいじゅつかい). the business world「ビジネス界」(ビジネスかい). This suffix is commonly attached to nouns to specify a particular area or community, such as '科学界 (かがくかい) (scientific community)' or '音楽界 (おんがくかい) (music world)'. It is important to note that '界' can also be used in a more abstract sense to describe a realm or domain, such as '精神界 (せいしんかい) (spiritual realm)'.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1419

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Emphasis

Reading

Kanji

強Strong 調Investigate, Tune

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '強調 (きょうちょう)' means 'emphasis'. It refers to the act of stressing or highlighting the importance of something. This word is often used in contexts where someone wants to draw attention to a particular point or feature. For example: The teacher emphasized the importance of studying「先生は勉強の重要性を強調した」(せんせいはべんきょうのじゅうようせいをきょうちょうした). The advertisement emphasizes the product's quality「その広告は製品の品質を強調している」(そのこうこくはせいひんのひんしつをきょうちょうしている). It can also be used in formal or informal settings, making it versatile in both spoken and written Japanese.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1423

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Earth

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 球Ball

Explanation

The Japanese noun '地球 (ちきゅう)' refers to the planet Earth. It is commonly used in scientific, environmental, and everyday contexts to talk about the Earth as a celestial body or as the world we live on. For example: Earth is our home「地球は私たちの家です」(ちきゅうはわたしたちのいえです). Protecting the Earth is important「地球を守ることは大切です」(ちきゅうをまもることはたいせつです). The word can also appear in compound terms like '地球温暖化 (ちきゅうおんだんか)' (global warming) or '地球環境 (ちきゅうかんきょう)' (global environment).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1441

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discussion, Consultation

Reading

Kanji

相Mutual 談Discuss

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '相談 (そうだん)' refers to the act of seeking advice, discussing a matter, or consulting with someone. It is commonly used when someone wants to share their concerns or problems and seek guidance or opinions from others. For example: I consulted with my teacher about my future「先生に将来の相談をした」(せんせいにしょうらいのそうだんをした). Let's discuss this matter「この件について相談しましょう」(このけんについてそうだんしましょう). The word can also imply a collaborative effort to resolve an issue or make a decision, often involving mutual understanding and support.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1443

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Question, Ask

Reading

Kanji

問Question, Problem

Explanation

The Japanese verb '問う (とう)' primarily means 'to ask' or 'to question'. It is used when someone is seeking information or clarification, often in a formal or serious context. This verb can also imply a deeper inquiry or examination, such as questioning the validity or truth of something. For example: The lawyer asked the witness「弁護士は証人に問うた」(べんごしはしょうにんにとうた). We must question the meaning of life「人生の意味を問わなければならない」(じんせいのいみをとうなければならない). Note that '問う' is more formal and less commonly used in casual conversation compared to '聞く (きく)', which also means 'to ask'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1449

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Short

Reading

Kanji

短Short

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '短い (みじかい)' means 'short'. It is used to describe something that has a relatively small length or duration. This can apply to physical objects, time periods, or even abstract concepts like attention spans. For example: the pencil is short「その鉛筆は短い」(そのえんぴつはみじかい). The meeting was short「会議は短かった」(かいぎはみじかかった). It can also describe something brief or concise, such as a short story「短い物語」(みじかいものがたり). Note that '短い' is often used to modify nouns directly, as in '短いスカート (みじかいスカート) (short skirt)'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1452

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bridge

Reading

Kanji

橋Bridge

Explanation

The Japanese noun '橋 (はし)' means 'bridge'. It refers to a structure built to span physical obstacles such as rivers, valleys, or roads, providing passage over the obstacle. This word is commonly used in both literal and metaphorical contexts. For example: The bridge is long「その橋は長い」(そのはしはながい). Let's cross the bridge「橋を渡りましょう」(はしをわたりましょう). In Japanese culture, bridges often hold symbolic significance, representing transitions or connections between different states or places.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1459

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Parents

Reading

Kanji

両Both 親Parent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '両親 (りょうしん)' means 'parents'. It refers to both one's mother and father collectively. This term is commonly used in formal and informal contexts to talk about one's parents. For example: my parents are kind「私の両親は優しい」(わたしのりょうしんはやさしい). I will visit my parents this weekend「今週末、両親を訪ねます」(こんしゅうまつ、りょうしんをたずねます). The word is neutral and does not carry any specific nuance, making it suitable for most situations where one refers to their mother and father together.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1460

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Return, Repeat

Reading

Kanji

返Return

Explanation

The Japanese verb '返す (かえす)' primarily means 'to return' something to its original place or owner. It can also mean 'to repeat' an action, such as repeating a question or a gesture. For example: I will return the book tomorrow「本を明日返します」(ほんをあしたかえします). He repeated the question「彼は質問を返した」(かれはしつもんをかえした). The verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, including returning physical objects, repeating actions, or even in abstract situations like returning a favor.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1466

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chase

Reading

Kanji

追Follow

Explanation

The Japanese verb '追う (おう)' primarily means 'to chase' or 'to pursue'. It is used to describe the act of following someone or something with the intent to catch or reach them. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: The police chased the thief「警察は泥棒を追った」(けいさつはどろぼうをおった). She is pursuing her dreams「彼女は夢を追っている」(かのじょはゆめをおっている). Additionally, '追う' can also mean 'to follow' in the sense of tracking or monitoring, such as following a story or event: The reporter followed the story closely「記者はその事件を追った」(きしゃはそのじけんをおった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1470

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Advancement

Reading

Kanji

進Advance 学Learn

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '進学 (しんがく)' refers to the act of advancing to a higher level of education, such as moving from high school to university. It is commonly used in the context of academic progression. For example: I plan to advance to university「私は大学に進学する予定です」(わたしはだいがくにしんがくするよていです). He advanced to graduate school「彼は大学院に進学しました」(かれはだいがくいんにしんがくしました). The term emphasizes the transition to a more advanced educational stage.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1485

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inside

Reading

Kanji

内Inside 部Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '内部 (ないぶ)' means 'inside' or 'interior'. It refers to the inner part or space of something, such as a building, object, or organization. This word is often used in formal or technical contexts. For example: the inside of the building is beautiful「建物の内部は美しい」(たてもののないぶはうつくしい). We need to investigate the inside of the organization「組織の内部を調査する必要がある」(そしきのないぶをちょうさするひつようがある). It can also be used metaphorically, such as when discussing the inner workings of a system or the internal aspects of a situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1493

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Year, Fiscal

Reading

Kanji

年Year 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese noun '年度 (ねんど)' refers to a specific period of one year, often used in the context of fiscal or academic years. It is commonly used in business, education, and government settings to denote a year that starts and ends at specific times, rather than the calendar year. For example: The fiscal year starts in April「年度は4月に始まります」(ねんどはしがつにはじまります). This academic year ends in March「この年度は3月に終わります」(このねんどはさんがつにおわります). The term is essential for understanding schedules, budgets, and planning in Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1509

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Number

Reading

Kanji

番Turn 号Number

Explanation

The Japanese noun '番号 (ばんごう)' means 'number'. It refers to a numerical identifier used for various purposes, such as phone numbers, identification numbers, or serial numbers. For example: What is your phone number?「あなたの電話番号は何ですか？」(あなたのでんわばんごうはなんですか？). Please write your student number here「ここに学生番号を書いてください」(ここにがくせいばんごうをかいてください). This word is commonly used in formal and informal contexts to refer to any kind of numerical identifier.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1510

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Doctor

Reading

Kanji

医Doctor 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '医者 (いしゃ)' means 'doctor'. It refers to a medical professional who diagnoses and treats illnesses. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation and is neutral in tone. For example: I went to the doctor「医者に行きました」(いしゃにいきました). The doctor is kind「その医者は優しいです」(そのいしゃはやさしいです). Note that '医者' is often used interchangeably with '医師 (いし)', though '医師' is more formal and typically used in professional or legal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1512

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dark, Gloomy

Reading

Kanji

暗Darkness

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '暗い (くらい)' primarily means 'dark', referring to a lack of light. It can also mean 'gloomy', describing a somber or depressing atmosphere. For example: The room is dark「部屋が暗い」(へやがくらい). His mood is gloomy「彼の気分は暗い」(かれのきぶんはくらい). This word is often used to describe physical darkness, such as a dark room or night, as well as emotional states or situations that feel heavy or depressing. Note that the second meaning is distinct and unrelated to the first, as it refers to an emotional or atmospheric quality rather than a physical one.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1532

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clothes

Reading

Kanji

服Obey, Clothing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '服 (ふく)' means 'clothes'. It refers to garments or clothing items worn on the body. This word is commonly used in everyday conversations when discussing attire, fashion, or dressing up. For example: I bought new clothes「新しい服を買いました」(あたらしいふくをかいました). She is wearing beautiful clothes「彼女はきれいな服を着ています」(かのじょはきれいなふくをきています). The word can also be used in compound words like '制服 (せいふく)' (uniform) or '洋服 (ようふく)' (Western-style clothing).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1556

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Load, Trick

Reading

Kanji

乗Ride

Explanation

The Japanese verb '乗せる (のせる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to load' or 'to place something on top of something else', such as loading items onto a vehicle or placing food on a plate. For example: I loaded the boxes onto the truck「箱をトラックに乗せた」(はこをトラックにのせた). The second meaning is 'to trick' or 'to deceive someone', often used in contexts where someone is misled or taken advantage of. For example: He tricked me into buying it「彼は私を乗せてそれを買わせた」(かれはわたしをのせてそれをかわせた). The verb can also be used metaphorically, such as 'to include someone in a plan' or 'to let someone join in'. For example: Let's include him in the project「彼をプロジェクトに乗せよう」(かれをプロジェクトにのせよう).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1565

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Article

Reading

Kanji

記Record 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '記事 (きじ)' refers to an 'article', typically in the context of written content found in newspapers, magazines, or online publications. It is used to describe a piece of writing that provides information, news, or commentary on a specific topic. For example: I read an interesting article「面白い記事を読みました」(おもしろいきじをよみました). This article is about technology「この記事はテクノロジーについてです」(このきじはてくのろじーについてです). The word can also be used more broadly to refer to any written record or report, but it is most commonly associated with journalistic or informational content.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1567

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Say

Reading

Kanji

申Report

Explanation

The Japanese verb '申す (もうす)' is a humble form of the verb '言う (いう)', meaning 'to say'. It is used when the speaker is referring to their own actions in a humble or polite manner, often in formal or respectful contexts. This verb is commonly used in business settings, formal introductions, or when speaking to someone of higher status. For example: I am called Tanaka「田中と申します」(たなかともうします). I would like to say something「一言申したいことがあります」(ひとこともうしたいことがあります). Note that '申す' is part of keigo (敬語), the Japanese honorific language system, and is used to show respect to the listener or the subject of the conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1578

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Depth

Reading

Kanji

深Deep

Explanation

The Japanese noun '深さ (ふかさ)' means 'depth'. It refers to the measurement of how deep something is, whether it's a physical object like a pool or an abstract concept like emotions. For example: the depth of the ocean「海の深さ」(うみのふかさ). The depth of his feelings「彼の感情の深さ」(かれのかんじょうのふかさ). This word is often used in both literal and metaphorical contexts to describe the extent or intensity of something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1581

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Swimming

Reading

Kanji

水Water 泳Swim

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '水泳 (すいえい)' means 'swimming'. It refers to the activity or sport of moving through water by using one's arms and legs. This word is commonly used in contexts related to sports, exercise, or recreational activities. For example: I like swimming「水泳が好きです」(すいえいがすきです). Swimming is good for health「水泳は健康に良い」(すいえいけんこうにいい). It can also be used in compound words, such as '水泳大会 (すいえいたいかい)' (swimming competition).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1587

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Specification

Reading

Kanji

仕Serve 様Way, Form

Explanation

The Japanese noun '仕様 (しよう)' refers to a 'specification' or 'design'. It is commonly used in technical, engineering, or product development contexts to describe the detailed requirements, features, or parameters of a system, product, or process. For example: the specification of this machine is complex「この機械の仕様は複雑です」(このきかいのしようはふくざつです). We need to check the product specifications「製品の仕様を確認する必要があります」(せいひんのしようをかくにんするひつようがあります). The word can also imply the way something is designed or intended to function, as in '仕様書 (しようしょ)' (specification document).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1591

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Garden

Reading

Kanji

庭Garden

Explanation

The Japanese noun '庭 (にわ)' means 'garden'. It refers to an outdoor area, typically adjacent to a house or building, that is cultivated with plants, flowers, or trees. This word is commonly used to describe both traditional Japanese gardens and more general garden spaces. For example: The garden is beautiful「庭がきれいです」(にわがきれいです). I play in the garden「庭で遊びます」(にわであそびます). It can also be used in compound words like '庭園 (ていえん)' (garden or park) or '家庭 (かてい)' (home or household), though the latter is unrelated to the meaning of 'garden'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1594

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Receive

Reading

Kanji

受Accept 取Take

Explanation

The Japanese verb '受け取る (うけとる)' primarily means 'to receive'. It is used when someone accepts or takes something that is given, handed, or sent to them. This verb can be used for both physical objects and abstract concepts like messages or feelings. For example: I received a letter「手紙を受け取った」(てがみをうけとった). She received his feelings「彼女は彼の気持ちを受け取った」(かのじょはかれのきもちをうけとった). It is important to note that '受け取る' often implies an active acceptance or understanding of what is being received, rather than just passively getting something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1599

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Note

Reading

Kanji

注Pour

Explanation

The Japanese noun '注 (ちゅう)' typically means 'note' or 'annotation'. It is often used in contexts where additional information or clarification is provided, such as in books, documents, or instructions. For example: please read the note at the bottom of the page「ページの下にある注を読んでください」(ぺーじのしたにあるちゅうをよんでください). The teacher added a note to the assignment「先生は課題に注を加えました」(せんせいはかだいにちゅうをくわえました). This word can also be used in compound words like '注釈 (ちゅうしゃく)' which means 'commentary' or 'footnote'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1604

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Box

Reading

Kanji

箱Box

Explanation

The Japanese noun '箱 (はこ)' means 'box'. It refers to a container, typically with a lid, used for storing or transporting items. This word is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as packaging, storage, or even metaphorically. For example: Please put it in the box「それを箱に入れてください」(それをはこにいれてください). This box is heavy「この箱は重い」(このはこはおもい). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '郵便箱 (ゆうびんばこ)' (mailbox) or '宝石箱 (ほうせきばこ)' (jewelry box).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1619

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

State

Reading

Kanji

州State

Explanation

The Japanese noun '州 (しゅう)' refers to a 'state' or 'province', typically used in the context of administrative divisions within a country. It is commonly used to describe states in countries like the United States, such as California or Texas. For example: California is a state in the US「カリフォルニアはアメリカの州です」(かりふぉるにあはあめりかのしゅうです). Australia has six states「オーストラリアには6つの州があります」(おーすとらりあには6つのしゅうがあります). Note that '州' can also refer to regions or provinces in other contexts, but its primary meaning is 'state'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1621

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Raise

Reading

Kanji

育Raise, Grow

Explanation

The Japanese verb '育てる (そだてる)' means 'to raise' or 'to bring up'. It is commonly used to describe the act of nurturing or raising living things, such as children, animals, or plants. For example: I raised this child「この子を育てた」(このこをそだてた). She is raising flowers in her garden「彼女は庭で花を育てている」(かのじょはにわではなをそだてている). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe fostering or developing skills, talents, or ideas. For instance: He is raising his skills in programming「彼はプログラミングのスキルを育てている」(かれはぷろぐらみんぐのすきるをそだてている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1633

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Both

Reading

Kanji

両Both

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '両 (りょう)' means 'both' and is used to refer to two items or groups collectively. It is often attached to nouns to indicate that both of the items or groups mentioned are included. For example: both parents「両親」(りょうしん). both countries「両国」(りょうこく). This suffix is commonly used in formal or written contexts and can also be found in compound words. It is important to note that '両' is typically used when referring to two distinct but related entities, emphasizing their combined consideration.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1636

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Palace, Shrine

Reading

Kanji

宮Palace

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '宮 (きゅう)' can mean either 'shrine' or 'palace', depending on the context. When referring to a shrine, it is often used in the names of Shinto shrines, such as '明治神宮 (めいじじんぐう)' (Meiji Shrine). When referring to a palace, it is used in the names of imperial palaces or residences, such as '皇居 (こうきょ)' (Imperial Palace). Example sentences: I visited the Meiji Shrine「明治神宮を訪れました」(めいじじんぐうをおとずれました). The Imperial Palace is in Tokyo「皇居は東京にあります」(こうきょはとうきょうにあります).

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1640

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Everyone

Reading

Kanji

全Whole, All 員Member

Explanation

The Japanese noun '全員 (ぜんいん)' means 'everyone' or 'all members'. It is used to refer to every person in a group or all members of a team, class, or organization. This word is often used in contexts where collective action or participation is emphasized. For example: Everyone is here「全員がここにいます」(ぜんいんがここにいます). All members attended the meeting「全員が会議に出席しました」(ぜんいんがかいぎにしゅっせきしました). Note that '全員' is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1650

Composition

kanji

Handwriting