Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Kanji School Grade

word

Meaning

Temperature

Reading

Kanji

温Warm 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese noun '温度 (おんど)' refers to the degree of heat or coldness of an object or environment. It is commonly used in scientific, everyday, and weather-related contexts. For example: the temperature is high today「今日は温度が高い」(きょうはおんどがたかい). Please measure the temperature of the water「水の温度を測ってください」(みずのおんどをはかってください). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe the 'temperature' of a situation, such as the mood or atmosphere, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3363

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Latter

Reading

Kanji

後After, Behind 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '後者 (こうしゃ)' means 'the latter'. It is used to refer to the second of two things or options that have been mentioned. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to compare or contrast two items. For example: Between tea and coffee, I prefer the latter「紅茶とコーヒーのうち、後者が好きです」(こうちゃとコーヒーのうち、こうしゃがすきです). When discussing two options, the latter is usually the second one mentioned. Another example: Between studying and working, the latter is more important to me now「勉強と仕事のうち、後者の方が今は重要です」(べんきょうとしごとのうち、こうしゃのほうがいまはじゅうようです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3364

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Second

Reading

Kanji

秒Second

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '秒 (びょう)' means 'second' and is used as a unit of time. It is commonly attached to numbers to indicate a specific number of seconds. For example: 10 seconds「10秒」(じゅうびょう). It can also be used in expressions like 'a few seconds'「数秒」(すうびょう). This suffix is essential for discussing time durations in Japanese, whether in everyday conversation or technical contexts. Note that '秒' is always used as a suffix and never stands alone as a word.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3365

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Liquor store

Reading

Kanji

酒Alcohol, Sake 屋Shop, Roof

Explanation

The Japanese noun '酒屋 (さかや)' refers to a store that sells alcoholic beverages, particularly sake, but also other types of alcohol like beer, wine, and spirits. It is a common type of shop in Japan, often found in residential neighborhoods. For example: I bought sake at the liquor store「酒屋で日本酒を買いました」(さかやでにほんしゅをかいました). The liquor store is closed today「酒屋は今日休みです」(さかやはきょうやすみです). This word is specific to the retail establishment and does not refer to bars or drinking establishments.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3374

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mainly

Reading

Kanji

主Master

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '主に (おもに)' means 'mainly' or 'primarily'. It is used to indicate that something is the primary focus, the most important part, or the majority of a situation. This adverb is often used to describe the central aspect of an action, event, or condition. For example: I mainly eat vegetables「主に野菜を食べます」(おもにやさいをたべます). The store mainly sells books「その店は主に本を売っています」(そのみせはおもにほんをうっています). It can also be used to emphasize the primary reason or cause, as in: The delay was mainly due to traffic「遅れたのは主に渋滞が原因です」(おくれたのはおもにじゅうたいがげんいんです).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3378

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Agreement

Reading

Kanji

合Fit, Match 意Idea

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '合意 (ごうい)' means 'agreement' or 'mutual consent'. It refers to a situation where two or more parties reach a shared understanding or decision. This term is often used in formal or legal contexts, such as contracts, negotiations, or discussions. For example: We reached an agreement「私たちは合意に達しました」(わたしたちはごういにたっしました). The agreement was signed by both parties「その合意は両者によって署名されました」(そのごういはりょうしゃによってしょめいされました). Note that '合意' emphasizes mutual understanding and consensus, rather than just a simple decision.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3385

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Determination

Reading

Kanji

決Decide 意Idea

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '決意 (けつい)' refers to a strong sense of determination or resolve to achieve something. It is often used in contexts where someone has made a firm decision or commitment to pursue a goal or overcome a challenge. For example: His determination to succeed is unwavering「彼の成功への決意は揺るがない」(かれのせいこうへのけついはゆるがない). She made a firm decision to change her life「彼女は人生を変える決意をした」(かのじょはじんせいをかえるけついをした). This word is commonly used in both personal and professional contexts to express a strong will or commitment.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3391

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Intention

Reading

Kanji

意Idea 図Map

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '意図 (いと)' means 'intention'. It refers to a purpose or plan behind an action or decision. This word is often used in formal or serious contexts to describe deliberate actions or thoughts. For example: His intention was clear「彼の意図は明らかだった」(かれのいとはあきらかだった). I didn't understand her intention「彼女の意図が理解できなかった」(かのじょのいとがりかいできなかった). The word can also be used in compound phrases like '意図的 (いとてき)' meaning 'intentional'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3392

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Spite

Reading

Kanji

意Idea 地Ground 悪Evil

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '意地悪 (いじわる)' refers to a spiteful or mean-spirited action or behavior. It is often used to describe someone who intentionally does something to annoy, upset, or harm others. For example: He did it out of spite「彼は意地悪でそれをした」(かれはいじわるでそれをした). Don't be mean to others「他人に意地悪をしないで」(たにんにいじわるをしないで). The term can also describe a person who is habitually spiteful, as in '意地悪な人 (いじわるなひと) (a spiteful person)'. It is important to note that '意地悪' carries a negative connotation and is used to criticize such behavior.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3396

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Village

Reading

Kanji

農Agriculture 村Village

Explanation

The Japanese noun '農村 (のうそん)' refers to a 'village' or 'rural area', specifically one that is primarily focused on agriculture. This term is often used to describe small, countryside communities where farming is the main occupation. It carries a connotation of simplicity and traditional lifestyle, contrasting with urban areas. For example: I grew up in a rural village「私は農村で育ちました」(わたしはのうそんでそだちました). The rural village is surrounded by fields「その農村は畑に囲まれている」(そののうそんははたけにかこまれている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3408

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Government, Office

Reading

Kanji

役Duty 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '役所 (やくしょ)' refers to a government office or administrative building where official business is conducted. It is commonly used to describe local government offices, such as city halls or municipal offices, where services like issuing documents, handling taxes, or providing public information are carried out. For example: I went to the city office to submit documents「役所に書類を提出しに行きました」(やくしょにしょるいをていしゅつにいきました). The government office is closed on weekends「役所は週末に閉まっています」(やくしょはしゅうまつにしまっています). Note that while '役所' often refers to local government offices, it can also broadly refer to any government administrative body.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3413

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rainwear

Reading

Kanji

雨Rain 具Tool

Explanation

The Japanese noun '雨具 (あまぐ)' refers to 'rainwear' or items used to protect oneself from rain. This includes items like raincoats, umbrellas, and waterproof boots. It is a compound word combining '雨 (あめ)' meaning 'rain' and '具 (ぐ)' meaning 'equipment' or 'gear'. Example sentences: Don't forget your rainwear「雨具を忘れないで」(あまぐをわすれないで). I bought new rainwear for the rainy season「梅雨に備えて新しい雨具を買った」(つゆにそなえてあたらしいあまぐをかった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3435

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exercise

Reading

Kanji

行Go 使Use

Explanation

The Japanese noun '行使 (こうし)' means 'exercise' in the sense of using or applying something, such as authority, rights, or power. It is often used in formal or legal contexts. For example: The government exercised its authority「政府は権力を行使した」(せいふはけんりょくをこうしした). He exercised his right to vote「彼は投票権を行使した」(かれはとうひょうけんをこうしした). This word is commonly used in discussions about legal rights, political power, or decision-making processes.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3440

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Official

Reading

Kanji

公Public 式Style, Ceremony

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '公式 (こうしき)' means 'official'. It is used to describe something that is formally recognized, authorized, or endorsed by an organization, institution, or authority. This term is often used in contexts such as official statements, announcements, or events. For example: This is the official announcement「これは公式の発表です」(これはこうしきのはっぴょうです). The official website is easy to use「公式ウェブサイトは使いやすい」(こうしきウェブサイトはつかいやすい). It can also refer to mathematical formulas, but in everyday usage, it predominantly refers to official matters.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3453

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fair

Reading

Kanji

公Public 平Flat

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '公平 (こうへい)' means 'fair' or 'impartial'. It is used to describe situations, decisions, or actions that are just, unbiased, and equitable. This term is often used in contexts involving judgment, treatment, or distribution of resources. For example: The teacher was fair to all students「先生は全ての生徒に公平だった」(せんせいはすべてのせいとにこうへいだった). A fair distribution of resources is important「資源の公平な分配が重要だ」(しげんのこうへいなぶんぱいがじゅうようだ). The word can also be used to describe a person's character, as in '彼は公平な人だ (かれはこうへいなひとだ) (He is a fair person).'

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3455

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Formal

Reading

Kanji

正Correct 式Style, Ceremony

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '正式 (せいしき)' means 'formal'. It is used to describe something that is official, proper, or done according to established rules or standards. This term is often used in contexts such as ceremonies, documents, or procedures. For example: This is the formal procedure「これは正式な手続きです」(これはせいしきなてつづきです). He wore a formal suit to the meeting「彼は会議に正式なスーツを着た」(かれはかいぎにせいしきなスーツをきた). Note that '正式' can also imply legitimacy or authenticity in certain contexts, such as '正式な文書 (せいしきなぶんしょ)' meaning 'official document'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3456

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Luck

Reading

Kanji

運Fortune

Explanation

The Japanese noun '運 (うん)' means 'luck' or 'fortune'. It refers to the concept of chance or fate that influences events in one's life. This word is often used in contexts related to good or bad fortune, such as in games, life events, or outcomes. For example: I have good luck today「今日は運がいい」(きょうはうんがいい). It's all about luck「それは運次第だ」(それはうんしだいだ). The word can also be used in compound words like '運命 (うんめい)' (fate/destiny) or '運転 (うんてん)' (driving), but in isolation, it primarily conveys the idea of luck.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3457

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Holiday

Reading

Kanji

祭Ritual 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '祭日 (さいじつ)' refers to a 'holiday' or 'festival day'. It is commonly used to denote national holidays or days of celebration in Japan. These days are often associated with traditional festivals, ceremonies, or public events. For example: Today is a holiday「今日は祭日です」(きょうはさいじつです). We have a holiday tomorrow「明日は祭日です」(あしたはさいじつです). It's important to note that '祭日' is often used interchangeably with '祝日 (しゅくじつ)', though '祭日' can carry a slightly more traditional or ceremonial connotation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3459

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Promptly

Reading

Kanji

早Early, Fast 速Quick

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '早速 (さっそく)' means 'promptly' or 'without delay'. It is used to indicate that something is done immediately or right after a suggestion, request, or opportunity arises. This word conveys a sense of eagerness or readiness to act. For example: I promptly tried the new recipe「早速新しいレシピを試しました」(さっそくあたらしいレシピをためしました). He promptly started working on the project「彼は早速プロジェクトに取り掛かりました」(かれはさっそくぷろじぇくとにとりかかりました). The adverb is often used in both casual and formal contexts to express quick action or response.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3466

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beforehand

Reading

Kanji

予Beforehand

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '予め (あらかじめ)' means 'beforehand' or 'in advance'. It is used to indicate that something is done or prepared prior to a certain event or situation. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to emphasize preparation or prior knowledge. For example: Please prepare the documents beforehand「書類を予め準備しておいてください」(しょるいをあらかじめじゅんびしておいてください). We had already discussed it beforehand「私たちは予めそれを話し合っていました」(わたしたちはあらかじめそれをはなしあっていました). The nuance of '予め' often implies a sense of readiness or foresight, making it a useful word in planning or organizational contexts.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3478

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Release

Reading

Kanji

放Release

Explanation

The Japanese verb '放つ (はなつ)' primarily means 'to release' or 'to let go'. It is often used in contexts where something is being set free or sent out, such as releasing an animal, firing a weapon, or emitting a sound or light. For example: He released the bird「彼は鳥を放った」(かれはとりをはなった). The soldier fired an arrow「兵士は矢を放った」(へいしはやをはなった). Additionally, '放つ' can be used metaphorically, such as emitting a strong impression or aura, as in: Her presence emits a strong aura「彼女の存在は強いオーラを放っている」(かのじょのそんざいはつよいオーラをはなっている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3481

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suffer

Reading

Kanji

苦Suffer

Explanation

The Japanese verb '苦しむ (くるしむ)' means 'to suffer'. It is used to describe physical, emotional, or mental suffering. This verb can be applied to various contexts, such as enduring pain, struggling with a problem, or experiencing hardship. For example: he suffers from a chronic illness「彼は慢性の病気で苦しんでいる」(かれはまんせいのびょうきでくるしんでいる). Many people suffer from loneliness「多くの人が孤独に苦しんでいる」(おおくのひとがこどくにくるしんでいる). The verb can also be used metaphorically, such as in '苦しむ心 (くるしむこころ)' (a suffering heart).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3511

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Highway

Reading

Kanji

高High, Expensive 速Quick

Explanation

The Japanese noun '高速 (こうそく)' refers to a 'highway' or 'expressway'. It is commonly used to describe major roads designed for high-speed traffic, often with multiple lanes and limited access points. This term is frequently seen in contexts related to transportation and travel. For example: Let's take the highway「高速を使いましょう」(こうそくをつかいましょう). The highway is crowded today「高速は今日混んでいます」(こうそくはきょうこんでいます). It's important to note that '高速' is often part of compound words, such as '高速道路 (こうそくどうろ)' which specifically means 'expressway'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3526

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Preparation

Reading

Kanji

下Down 調Investigate, Tune

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '下調べ (したしらべ)' refers to the act of doing preliminary research or preparation before undertaking a task. It is often used in contexts where one needs to gather information or make arrangements in advance. For example: I did some preparation before the meeting「会議の前に下調べをした」(かいぎのまえにしたしらべをした). She always does thorough preparation before traveling「彼女は旅行の前にいつもしっかり下調べをする」(かのじょはりょこうのまえにいつもしっかりしたしらべをする). This term emphasizes the importance of being well-prepared and informed.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3537

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Organize, Sort

Reading

Kanji

整Organize 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '整理 (せいり)' primarily means 'organize' or 'sort'. It refers to the act of arranging things systematically, tidying up, or putting things in order. This word is often used in contexts like organizing physical items, sorting out information, or even resolving situations. For example: I need to organize my desk「机を整理しなければならない」(つくえをせいりしなければならない). Let's sort out the documents「書類を整理しましょう」(しょるいをせいりしましょう). It can also be used metaphorically, such as organizing thoughts or resolving conflicts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3539

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sigh

Reading

Kanji

息Breath

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ため息 (ためいき)' means 'sigh'. It refers to the act of exhaling audibly, often as an expression of relief, frustration, exhaustion, or deep emotion. This word is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to describe a physical or emotional reaction. For example: she let out a sigh of relief「彼女は安堵のため息をついた」(かのじょはあんどのためいきをついた). He sighed deeply after hearing the news「彼はその知らせを聞いて深いため息をついた」(かれはそのしらせをきいてふかいためいきをついた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a sense of resignation or weariness.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3543

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Parties

Reading

Kanji

当Hit, Appropriate 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '当事 (とうじ)' refers to the 'parties' involved in a particular matter, event, or legal case. It is often used in formal or legal contexts to describe the individuals or groups directly concerned with a specific issue. For example: The parties involved in the dispute reached an agreement「当事者たちは合意に達した」(とうじしゃたちはごういにたっした). The parties to the contract must sign the document「契約の当事者は書類に署名しなければならない」(けいやくのとうじしゃはしょるいにしょめいしなければならない). This term is commonly used in legal, business, and diplomatic settings to specify those directly involved.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3548

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Foreign minister

Reading

Kanji

外Outside 相Mutual

Explanation

The Japanese noun '外相 (がいしょう)' refers to the 'foreign minister', the government official responsible for a country's foreign affairs. This term is commonly used in political contexts to describe the person who oversees international relations, diplomacy, and foreign policy. For example: The foreign minister attended the summit「外相はサミットに出席した」(がいしょうはサミットにしゅっせきした). The foreign minister announced a new policy「外相は新しい政策を発表した」(がいしょうはあたらしいせいさくをはっぴょうした). This term is specific to political roles and is not used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3555

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Truth

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 相Mutual

Explanation

The Japanese noun '真相 (しんそう)' refers to the 'truth' or 'real facts' about a situation, event, or matter. It is often used in contexts where uncovering or revealing the actual state of affairs is important, such as in investigations, news reporting, or personal revelations. For example: The truth about the incident was revealed「事件の真相が明らかになった」(じけんのしんそうがあきらかになった). We must uncover the truth「真相を明らかにしなければならない」(しんそうをあきらかにしなければならない). This word carries a sense of depth and seriousness, often implying that the truth is not immediately apparent and requires effort to discover.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3557

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oppose

Reading

Kanji

反Anti

Explanation

The Japanese verb '反する (はんする)' means 'to oppose' or 'to go against'. It is used to describe actions, opinions, or situations that are in direct contradiction or opposition to something else. For example: his actions oppose the rules「彼の行動は規則に反する」(かれのこうどうはきそくにはんする). The result was contrary to expectations「結果は予想に反していた」(けっかはよそうにはんしていた). This verb is often used in formal or written contexts to express contradiction or opposition.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3564

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Memorization

Reading

Kanji

暗Darkness 記Record

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '暗記 (あんき)' refers to the act of memorizing or committing something to memory. It is often used in academic or educational contexts, such as memorizing vocabulary, formulas, or historical facts. For example: I memorized the poem「詩を暗記した」(しをあんきした). He is good at memorization「彼は暗記が得意だ」(かれはあんきがとくいだ). The word can also be used to describe the process of rote learning, where information is repeated until it is firmly retained in memory.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3566

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Physics

Reading

Kanji

物Thing 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese noun '物理 (ぶつり)' refers to the field of 'physics', the natural science that studies matter, energy, and their interactions. It is commonly used in academic and scientific contexts. For example: I study physics at university「私は大学で物理を勉強しています」(わたしはだいがくでぶつりをべんきょうしています). Physics is a difficult subject「物理は難しい科目です」(ぶつりはむずかしいかもくです). The word can also appear in compound terms, such as '物理学者 (ぶつりがくしゃ)' (physicist) or '物理現象 (ぶつりげんしょう)' (physical phenomenon).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3575

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Director

Reading

Kanji

理Reason 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '理事 (りじ)' refers to a 'director' or 'executive' in an organization, company, or institution. This term is commonly used in the context of corporate or organizational governance, where a '理事' is a member of a board or a managing body responsible for decision-making and oversight. For example: He is a director of the company「彼は会社の理事です」(かれはかいしゃのりじです). The board of directors held a meeting「理事会が会議を開きました」(りじかいがかいぎをひらきました). The term can also be used in non-profit organizations, schools, or other institutions where a governing body exists.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3576

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Others

Reading

Kanji

他Other (亻)者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '他者 (たしゃ)' means 'others' or 'other people'. It refers to individuals who are distinct from oneself, often emphasizing their separateness or different perspectives. This term is commonly used in philosophical, psychological, and social contexts to discuss relationships, empathy, or the distinction between self and others. For example: understanding others is important「他者を理解することは大切です」(たしゃをりかいすることはたいせつです). Respecting others' opinions is essential「他者の意見を尊重することが必要です」(たしゃのいけんをそんちょうすることがひつようです). The word carries a nuanced sense of recognizing the individuality and autonomy of others.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3579

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accept, Undertake

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 受Accept

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引き受ける (ひきうける)' primarily means 'to undertake' or 'to accept' a responsibility, task, or role. It implies taking on something that requires effort or commitment. For example: I will undertake this project「このプロジェクトを引き受けます」(このプロジェクトをひきうけます). He accepted the role of team leader「彼はチームリーダーの役割を引き受けた」(かれはチームリーダーのやくわりをひきうけた). The verb can also be used in contexts where someone takes responsibility for a situation or outcome, such as in 'She accepted the blame for the mistake「彼女はそのミスの責任を引き受けた」(かのじょはそのミスのせきにんをひきうけた).' The nuance of '引き受ける' often conveys a sense of willingness or readiness to handle something challenging.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3592

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Advance, Prior

Reading

Kanji

事Thing 前Before, Front

Explanation

The Japanese noun '事前 (じぜん)' refers to something that is done or prepared beforehand, in advance, or prior to an event. It is often used in contexts where preparation or planning is emphasized. For example: Please inform us in advance「事前に知らせてください」(じぜんにしらせてください). We need prior approval「事前の承認が必要です」(じぜんのしょうにんがひつようです). The word can also be used to describe actions or arrangements made before a specific event or deadline. It is commonly used in formal or professional settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3593

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Follow

Reading

Kanji

次Next

Explanation

The Japanese verb '次ぐ (つぐ)' means 'to follow' or 'to come next'. It is often used to describe something that follows in sequence, rank, or time. For example: The second place team follows the first「2位のチームは1位に次ぐ」(にいのチームはいちいにつぐ). This event follows the previous one「このイベントは前のものに次ぐ」(このイベントはまえのものにつぐ). The verb can also imply succession or ranking, such as in '次ぐ地位 (つぐちい) (next in rank)'. Note that '次ぐ' is often used in formal or written contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3597

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Throw, Neglect

Reading

Kanji

放Release

Explanation

The Japanese verb '放る (ほうる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to throw', which refers to the action of tossing or hurling something. For example: he threw the ball「彼はボールを放った」(かれはボールをほうった). The second meaning is 'to neglect', which refers to ignoring or disregarding something. For example: she neglected her duties「彼女は仕事を放った」(かのじょはしごとをほうった). The verb can be used in both casual and formal contexts, but the nuance of neglect is more common in informal speech.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3611

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ground

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '地面 (じめん)' refers to the surface of the earth, specifically the ground or soil. It is commonly used to describe the physical ground beneath our feet, whether it's soil, dirt, or any natural surface. For example: The ground is wet「地面が濡れている」(じめんがぬれている). He fell to the ground「彼は地面に倒れた」(かれはじめんにたおれた). This word is neutral and can be used in various contexts, from everyday conversation to scientific descriptions. It does not imply any specific type of ground, such as grass or concrete, unless specified by additional context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3613

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kanji

Reading

Kanji

漢China 字Character

Explanation

The Japanese noun '漢字 (かんじ)' refers to 'kanji', which are the logographic characters borrowed from Chinese and used in the Japanese writing system. Kanji are used alongside hiragana and katakana, and each character typically represents a word or a meaningful part of a word. For example: I study kanji「私は漢字を勉強します」(わたしはかんじをべんきょうします). This kanji is difficult「この漢字は難しい」(このかんじはむずかしい). Kanji are essential for reading and writing in Japanese, and they often have multiple readings and meanings depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3617

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accept, Catch

Reading

Kanji

受Accept 止Stop

Explanation

The Japanese verb '受け止める (うけとめる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to catch', as in physically catching something. For example: he caught the ball「彼はボールを受け止めた」(かれはボールをうけとめた). The second meaning is 'to accept', often used in a more abstract or emotional sense, such as accepting responsibility or feelings. For example: she accepted his feelings「彼女は彼の気持ちを受け止めた」(かのじょはかれのきもちをうけとめた). This verb is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it important to consider the surrounding words to determine the intended meaning.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3619

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Advance, Expansion

Reading

Kanji

進Advance 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '進出 (しんしゅつ)' refers to the act of advancing or expanding into a new area, market, or field. It is commonly used in business contexts to describe a company entering a new market or region. For example: The company is advancing into the European market「その会社はヨーロッパ市場に進出している」(そのかいしゃはよーろっぱしじょうにしんしゅつしている). They are expanding their business overseas「彼らは海外に進出している」(かれらはかいがいにしんしゅつしている). The word can also be used in non-business contexts, such as a sports team advancing to a higher league or a country expanding its influence.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3630

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Advance, Progress

Reading

Kanji

進Advance 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '進行 (しんこう)' primarily means 'progress' or 'advance'. It is used to describe the forward movement or development of something, such as a project, event, or situation. For example: The meeting is progressing smoothly「会議が順調に進行している」(かいぎがじゅんちょうにしんこうしている). The disease is advancing rapidly「病気が急速に進行している」(びょうきがきゅうそくにしんこうしている). This word is often used in formal or technical contexts to indicate the ongoing nature of an activity or process.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3631

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Progress

Reading

Kanji

進Advance 歩Walk

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '進歩 (しんぽ)' means 'progress'. It refers to the act of moving forward or improving, particularly in terms of development, technology, or personal growth. This word is often used in contexts related to advancements in science, society, or individual skills. For example: The progress of technology is remarkable「技術の進歩は目覚ましい」(ぎじゅつのしんぽはめざましい). She has made great progress in her studies「彼女は勉強で大きな進歩を遂げた」(かのじょはべんきょうでおおきなしんぽをとげた). Note that '進歩' is typically used in formal or neutral contexts and is not interchangeable with casual terms like '進む (すすむ)', which simply means 'to move forward'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3632

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Advance

Reading

Kanji

前Before, Front 進Advance

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '前進 (ぜんしん)' means 'advance' or 'progress'. It is used to describe the act of moving forward, either physically or metaphorically. This term is often used in contexts related to movement, development, or improvement. For example: The army advanced「軍隊は前進した」(ぐんたいはぜんしんした). We need to make progress in this project「このプロジェクトで前進する必要がある」(このプロジェクトでぜんしんするひつようがある). The word can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as making progress in life or in a particular field.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3633

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Path

Reading

Kanji

進Advance 路Path

Explanation

The Japanese noun '進路 (しんろ)' primarily means 'path' or 'course'. It is often used to describe the direction or route one takes, whether literally or metaphorically. In a literal sense, it can refer to the path of a vehicle or a person. For example: The ship changed its course「船は進路を変えた」(ふねはしんろをかえた). In a more abstract sense, it is commonly used to discuss one's future or career path. For example: I am thinking about my future path「私は進路について考えています」(わたしはしんろについてかんがえています). This word is frequently used in educational or career counseling contexts to discuss future plans or directions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3635

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Committee

Reading

Kanji

委Committee 員Member 会Meet

Explanation

The Japanese noun '委員会 (いいんかい)' refers to a 'committee', which is a group of people appointed for a specific function or task. This term is commonly used in organizational, governmental, or corporate contexts to describe a body that makes decisions or oversees certain activities. For example: The committee will meet tomorrow「委員会は明日会議を開きます」(いいんかいはあしたかいぎをひらきます). She is a member of the planning committee「彼女は計画委員会のメンバーです」(かのじょはけいかくいいんかいのメンバーです). The word is often used in formal settings and can refer to various types of committees, such as executive committees, advisory committees, or steering committees.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3645

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Other, Another

Reading

Kanji

他Other (亻)方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '他方 (たほう)' means 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to a different or alternative side, direction, or aspect of something. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to contrast two different things or perspectives. For example: On the other hand, he is very kind「他方、彼はとても親切だ」(たほう、かれはとてもしんせつだ). Another example: We need to consider the other side of the argument「議論の他方を考慮する必要がある」(ぎろんのたほうをこうりょするひつようがある). The word '他方' can also be used to indicate a different direction or place, such as in the sentence: The store is on the other side of the street「店は通りの他方にある」(みせはとおりのたほうにある).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3659

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Concentration

Reading

Kanji

集Gather 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '集中 (しゅうちゅう)' means 'concentration'. It refers to the act of focusing one's attention or mental effort on a specific task or object. This word is often used in contexts related to studying, work, or any activity that requires intense focus. For example: I need to concentrate on my studies「私は勉強に集中する必要がある」(わたしはべんきょうにしゅうちゅうするひつようがある). The team concentrated on the project「チームはプロジェクトに集中した」(チームはプロジェクトにしゅうちゅうした). It can also be used to describe the concentration of something in a physical sense, such as the concentration of a substance in a solution.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3671

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gathering

Reading

Kanji

集Gather 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '集合 (しゅうごう)' means 'gathering' or 'assembly'. It refers to the act of people or things coming together in one place. This word is often used in formal or organized contexts, such as meetings, events, or mathematical sets. For example: The gathering will start at 10 AM「集合は10時に始まります」(しゅうごうは10じにはじまります). Please gather at the entrance「入口に集合してください」(いりぐちにしゅうごうしてください). In mathematics, it can also refer to a 'set', as in '集合論 (しゅうごうろん) (set theory)'. The word is neutral and can be used in both casual and formal settings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3672

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gathering

Reading

Kanji

集Gather

Explanation

The Japanese noun '集まり (あつまり)' refers to a gathering or assembly of people, things, or ideas. It is commonly used to describe events where people come together, such as meetings, parties, or social gatherings. For example: There was a gathering at the park「公園で集まりがあった」(こうえんであつまりがあった). The gathering of ideas is important for innovation「アイデアの集まりは革新に重要だ」(アイデアのあつまりはかくしんにじゅうようだ). This word can also be used to describe a collection of objects or data, such as 'a collection of books' (本の集まり).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3675

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expel

Reading

Kanji

追Follow 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '追い出す (おいだす)' means 'to expel' or 'to drive out'. It is used when someone or something is forcibly removed from a place. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as expelling a person from a room, driving out animals, or even metaphorically expelling negative thoughts. For example: The teacher expelled the noisy student from the classroom「先生はうるさい生徒を教室から追い出した」(せんせいはうるさいせいとをきょうしつからおいだした). They drove the stray cat out of the garden「彼らは野良猫を庭から追い出した」(かれらはのらねこをにわからおいだした). The verb '追い出す' often carries a sense of force or urgency, implying that the action is not voluntary on the part of the person or thing being expelled.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3704

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Merchant

Reading

Kanji

商Trade, Deal 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '商人 (しょうにん)' refers to a 'merchant' or 'trader', someone who is engaged in the business of buying and selling goods. This term is often used in historical contexts or when referring to traditional trades. For example: The merchant sold silk「商人は絹を売った」(しょうにんはきぬをうった). Merchants gathered at the market「商人たちが市場に集まった」(しょうにんたちがいちばにあつまった). It's important to note that this word carries a somewhat traditional or old-fashioned nuance, and in modern contexts, terms like 'ビジネスマン (businessman)' or '販売員 (はんばいいん, salesperson)' might be more commonly used.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3711

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Emotion, Impression

Reading

Kanji

感Feeling, Sensation 動Move

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '感動 (かんどう)' refers to a deep emotional response or being deeply moved by something. It can also mean being impressed or touched by an experience, event, or piece of art. This word is often used to describe the feeling one gets when witnessing something profoundly moving or inspiring. For example: I was deeply moved by the movie「映画に感動した」(えいがにかんどうした). The speech left a strong impression on me「スピーチに感動した」(スピーチにかんどうした). Note that '感動' is commonly used in contexts involving art, performances, speeches, or personal experiences that evoke strong emotions.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3714

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Realization

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth 感Feeling, Sensation

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '実感 (じっかん)' refers to the feeling or awareness of something being real or tangible. It is often used to describe the moment when something becomes clear or when one truly understands or feels the reality of a situation. For example: I felt the reality of his words「彼の言葉を実感した」(かれのことばをじっかんした). She realized the importance of family「家族の大切さを実感した」(かぞくのたいせつさをじっかんした). This word is commonly used in contexts where emotions or understanding deepen, such as personal experiences or life lessons.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3715

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Admiration

Reading

Kanji

感Feeling, Sensation 心Heart

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '感心 (かんしん)' refers to a feeling of admiration or being impressed by someone or something. It is often used to express respect or approval for someone's actions, abilities, or qualities. For example: I was impressed by his hard work「彼の努力に感心した」(かれのどりょくにかんしんした). She admired the teacher's patience「先生の忍耐力に感心した」(せんせいのにんたいりょくにかんしんした). This word can also be used sarcastically to express surprise or disbelief, though this usage is less common. It is typically used in formal or polite contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3716

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Daydream

Reading

Kanji

空Sky, Empty 想Concept

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '空想 (くうそう)' refers to the act of daydreaming or indulging in fantasy. It is often used to describe imaginative thoughts or scenarios that are not grounded in reality. For example: I often daydream about traveling the world「私はよく世界旅行を空想する」(わたしはよくせかいりょこうをくうそうする). His stories are full of wild fantasies「彼の話は空想に満ちている」(かれのはなしはくうそうにみちている). The term can also be used in a more neutral or creative context, such as when discussing imaginative works or ideas.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3721

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Influential

Reading

Kanji

有Exist 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '有力 (ゆうりょく)' means 'influential' or 'powerful'. It is used to describe someone or something that has significant influence, power, or authority in a particular context. This term is often used in discussions about politics, business, or social matters. For example: He is an influential politician「彼は有力な政治家だ」(かれはゆうりょくなせいじかだ). This is a powerful theory「これは有力な理論だ」(これはゆうりょくなりろんだ). The word can also imply that something is a strong candidate or a leading possibility, as in '有力な候補 (ゆうりょくなこうほ) (strong candidate)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3723

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ambassador

Reading

Kanji

大Big 使Use

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大使 (たいし)' means 'ambassador'. This term refers to a high-ranking official who represents their country in a foreign nation, typically working to maintain diplomatic relations. The word is often used in formal contexts, such as politics, international relations, or official events. For example: The ambassador visited Japan「大使が日本を訪問した」(たいしがにほんをほうもんした). She is the ambassador to France「彼女はフランスの大使です」(かのじょはフランスのたいしです). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe someone who represents or promotes a particular cause or idea, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3731

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dimension

Reading

Kanji

次Next 元Origin

Explanation

The Japanese noun '次元 (じげん)' means 'dimension'. It refers to a measurable extent of some kind, such as length, width, height, or time. It can also be used metaphorically to describe levels or aspects of something, such as in discussions about theoretical physics or abstract concepts. For example: this problem exists in a different dimension「この問題は別の次元にある」(このもんだいはべつのじげんにある). The fourth dimension is time「第四の次元は時間だ」(だいよんのじげんはじかんだ). The word is often used in scientific, philosophical, or metaphorical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3734

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Poet

Reading

Kanji

詩Poetry 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '詩人 (しじん)' means 'poet'. It refers to a person who writes poetry, often professionally or as a significant part of their creative expression. This word is used to describe individuals who are skilled in the art of poetry and may be associated with literary or artistic circles. For example: He is a famous poet「彼は有名な詩人です」(かれはゆうめいなしじんです). She wants to become a poet「彼女は詩人になりたいです」(かのじょはしじんになりたいです). The term can also carry a sense of romanticism or artistic depth, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3735

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Matter, Incident

Reading

Kanji

何What 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '何事 (なにごと)' can mean 'matter' or 'incident', depending on the context. It is often used to refer to an event, situation, or occurrence, and can carry a neutral or serious tone depending on usage. For example: What is the matter?「何事ですか？」(なにごとですか). Something strange happened「何事かが起こった」(なにごとかがおこった). The word can also imply a sense of importance or urgency, as in '何事もない (なにごともない)', meaning 'nothing is wrong' or 'nothing happened'. It is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3741

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Use, Messenger

Reading

Kanji

使Use

Explanation

The Japanese noun '使い (つかい)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'use', referring to the act of utilizing something. For example: the use of this tool is easy「この道具の使いは簡単だ」(このどうぐのつかいはかんたんだ). The second meaning is 'messenger', referring to a person who delivers a message. For example: he sent a messenger「彼は使いを送った」(かれはつかいをおくった). The context in which '使い' is used will determine which meaning is intended. It's important to note that '使い' can also appear in compound words, such as '使い方 (つかいかた)' which means 'way of use' or 'how to use'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3753

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Useful

Reading

Kanji

役Duty 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese verb '役立つ (やくだつ)' means 'to be useful' or 'to serve a purpose'. It is often used to describe something or someone that provides practical help or value in a specific situation. For example: This book is useful for studying「この本は勉強に役立つ」(このほんはべんきょうにやくだつ). His advice was very useful「彼のアドバイスはとても役立った」(かれのアドバイスはとてもやくだった). The verb can also be used in its negative form to indicate something is not useful, as in '役立たない (やくだたない) (not useful)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3755

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Diagram, Chart

Reading

Kanji

図Map 表Surface, Express

Explanation

The Japanese noun '図表 (ずひょう)' refers to a visual representation of data or information, such as a chart, graph, or diagram. It is commonly used in academic, business, and technical contexts to present complex information in an easily understandable format. For example: Please refer to the chart on page 5「5ページの図表を参照してください」(5ページのずひょうをさんしょうしてください). This diagram explains the process「この図表はプロセスを説明しています」(このずひょうはプロセスをせつめいしています). The word can also be used to describe tables or figures in reports or presentations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3769

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Calmness

Reading

Kanji

落Fall 着Arrive, Wear

Explanation

The Japanese noun '落ち着き (おちつき)' refers to a state of calmness, composure, or tranquility. It is often used to describe a person's demeanor, a situation, or an environment that is peaceful and free from disturbance. For example: She has a calm demeanor「彼女は落ち着きがある」(かのじょはおちつきがある). The room has a calming atmosphere「その部屋は落ち着きがある」(そのへやはおちつきがある). This word can also imply stability or a settled state, such as in: The situation has calmed down「状況が落ち着きを取り戻した」(じょうきょうがおちつきをとりもどした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3794

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lost item

Reading

Kanji

落Fall 物Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '落とし物 (おとしもの)' refers to an item that has been lost or left behind by someone. It is commonly used in public spaces like trains, buses, or parks, where people might accidentally leave their belongings. For example: I found a lost item「落とし物を見つけました」(おとしものをみつけました). Please take your lost item to the lost and found「落とし物を遺失物係に届けてください」(おとしものをいしつぶつがかりにとどけてください). The term emphasizes the accidental nature of losing something and is often used in announcements or notices to help reunite lost items with their owners.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3797

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Person in charge

Reading

Kanji

係Person in charge, Connection

Explanation

The Japanese noun '係 (かかり)' refers to a person who is in charge of a specific task, role, or responsibility. It is often used in workplaces, organizations, or events to designate someone responsible for a particular duty. For example: Please ask the person in charge「係の人に聞いてください」(かかりのひとにきいてください). The person in charge of this project is Tanaka「このプロジェクトの係は田中さんです」(このプロジェクトのかかりはたなかさんです). The term can also be used in contexts like 'customer service representative' (お客様係, おきゃくさまかかり) or 'event coordinator' (イベント係, イベントかかり).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3798

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exchange, Interaction

Reading

Kanji

交Mix 流Flow

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '交流 (こうりゅう)' refers to the act of exchanging or interacting, often used in contexts involving cultural, social, or informational exchange. It can describe interactions between people, groups, or even countries. For example: cultural exchange between Japan and the US「日本とアメリカの文化交流」(にほんとあめりかのぶんかこうりゅう). The students had a lively interaction with the professor「学生たちは教授と活発な交流をした」(がくせいたちはきょうじゅとかっぱつなこうりゅうをした). This term is commonly used in formal and informal settings to describe mutual exchange or communication.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3800

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Downstream, Lower class

Reading

Kanji

下Down 流Flow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '下流 (かりゅう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'downstream', referring to the part of a river or stream that is closer to its mouth or the direction in which the water flows. For example: The village is located downstream「その村は下流にあります」(そのむらはかりゅうにあります). The second meaning is 'lower class', referring to a social or economic class that is considered to be at the bottom of a hierarchy. For example: He comes from a lower-class family「彼は下流の家庭出身です」(かれはかりゅうのかていしゅっしんです). It's important to note that the context in which this word is used will determine which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3804

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Current

Reading

Kanji

海Sea 流Flow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '海流 (かいりゅう)' refers to the flow or current of the ocean. It specifically describes the movement of water in the sea, which can be influenced by factors such as wind, temperature, and the Earth's rotation. This term is often used in scientific or geographical contexts. For example: The ocean current is strong「海流が強い」(かいりゅうがつよい). The Kuroshio Current is a well-known ocean current「黒潮は有名な海流です」(くろしおはゆうめいなかいりゅうです). Understanding 海流 is important for navigation, marine biology, and climate studies.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3805

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Third rate

Reading

Kanji

三Three 流Flow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '三流 (さんりゅう)' means 'third-rate'. It is used to describe something of low quality, inferior, or not up to standard. This term is often used in contexts like ranking, performance, or quality, where things are categorized into first-rate (一流), second-rate (二流), and third-rate (三流). For example: That restaurant is third-rate「あのレストランは三流だ」(あのレストランはさんりゅうだ). His skills are third-rate「彼の技術は三流だ」(かれのぎじゅつはさんりゅうだ). Note that this term can carry a negative connotation, so it should be used carefully.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3807

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beauty

Reading

Kanji

美Beautiful 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '美人 (びじん)' refers to a beautiful woman or a beauty. It is commonly used to describe someone who is physically attractive, often emphasizing facial beauty. The term can be used in both formal and informal contexts, but it is generally considered a compliment. For example: She is a beauty「彼女は美人だ」(かのじょはびじんだ). That actress is a famous beauty「あの女優は有名な美人だ」(あのじょゆうはゆうめいなびじんだ). The word can also be used in idiomatic expressions or proverbs, such as '美人薄命 (びじんはくめい)', which means 'beautiful women often have unfortunate fates.'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3818

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ally

Reading

Kanji

味Flavor 方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '味方 (みかた)' means 'ally' or 'someone on your side'. It refers to a person or group that supports or fights alongside you, often in a conflict, competition, or challenging situation. This word is commonly used in contexts involving teamwork, loyalty, or solidarity. For example: He is my ally「彼は私の味方です」(かれはわたしのみかたです). We need more allies to win this battle「この戦いに勝つためにもっと味方が必要だ」(このたたかいにかつためにもっとみかたがひつようだ). The word can also imply emotional support, as in 'She is always on my side'「彼女はいつも私の味方です」(かのじょはいつもわたしのみかたです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3819

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oil painting

Reading

Kanji

油Oil 絵Picture

Explanation

The Japanese noun '油絵 (あぶらえ)' refers to 'oil painting', a type of painting created using pigments mixed with oil, typically linseed oil. This term is used to describe both the art form and individual works created in this medium. For example: She is good at oil painting「彼女は油絵が上手です」(かのじょはあぶらえがじょうずです). This museum has many oil paintings「この美術館には油絵がたくさんあります」(このびじゅつかんにはあぶらえがたくさんあります). The term is commonly used in art-related contexts and discussions about visual arts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3822

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Manager

Reading

Kanji

部Section, Department 長Long, Leader

Explanation

The Japanese noun '部長 (ぶちょう)' refers to a 'manager' or 'head of a department' in a company or organization. This term is commonly used in professional settings to denote someone who holds a leadership position within a specific department. For example: The manager is busy「部長は忙しい」(ぶちょうはいそがしい). I will report to the manager「部長に報告します」(ぶちょうにほうこくします). The term emphasizes the hierarchical structure in Japanese workplaces and is often used with respect.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3824

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Return

Reading

Kanji

返Return

Explanation

The Japanese verb '返る (かえる)' means 'to return' or 'to go back'. It is often used to describe the act of returning to a place, state, or condition. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as returning home, returning to a previous state, or even returning an item. For example: I will return home「家に返る」(いえにかえる). The book returned to the library「本が図書館に返った」(ほんがとしょかんにかえった). It's important to note that '返る' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. Instead, it often pairs with particles like 'に' to indicate the destination or target of the return.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3830

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Garage

Reading

Kanji

車Car 庫Warehouse

Explanation

The Japanese noun '車庫 (しゃこ)' refers to a 'garage', a structure or space where vehicles, particularly cars, are stored or parked. It is commonly used in contexts related to housing, parking, or vehicle maintenance. For example: The car is in the garage「車は車庫にあります」(くるまはしゃこにあります). We built a new garage「新しい車庫を建てました」(あたらしいしゃこをたてました). The term is straightforward and primarily used in practical, everyday situations involving vehicles.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3837

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Safe

Reading

Kanji

金Gold 庫Warehouse

Explanation

The Japanese noun '金庫 (きんこ)' refers to a 'safe' or 'vault', typically used to store valuable items such as money, jewelry, or important documents. It is commonly found in homes, businesses, or banks. For example: The money is kept in the safe「お金は金庫に保管されています」(おかねはきんこにほかんされています). They opened the safe to retrieve the documents「彼らは書類を取り出すために金庫を開けました」(かれらはしょるいをとりだすためにきんこをあけました). The word can also metaphorically refer to a secure place or repository for something valuable.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3838

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kimono

Reading

Kanji

着Arrive, Wear 物Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '着物 (きもの)' refers to a traditional Japanese garment. It is a long robe with wide sleeves, tied with a sash called an obi. Kimonos are typically worn on special occasions such as weddings, tea ceremonies, and festivals. Example sentences: She is wearing a beautiful kimono「彼女は美しい着物を着ています」(かのじょはうつくしいきものをきています). I bought a kimono for the festival「祭りのために着物を買いました」(まつりのためにきものをかいました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3842

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Capital

Reading

Kanji

首Neck 都Metropolis

Explanation

The Japanese noun '首都 (しゅと)' refers to the capital city of a country or region. It is used to denote the primary city where the government is based and often serves as the political, cultural, and economic center. For example: Tokyo is the capital of Japan「東京は日本の首都です」(とうきょうはにほんのしゅとです). Paris is the capital of France「パリはフランスの首都です」(ぱりはふらんすのしゅとです). The term is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3855

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Scholar

Reading

Kanji

学Learn 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '学者 (がくしゃ)' refers to a person who is highly educated and specializes in a particular field of study, such as a scholar or academic. It is commonly used to describe individuals who conduct research or contribute to knowledge in areas like science, literature, or history. Example sentences: He is a famous scholar「彼は有名な学者です」(かれはゆうめいながくしゃです). The scholar published a new book「その学者は新しい本を出版しました」(そのがくしゃはあたらしいほんをしゅっぱんしました). Note that '学者' emphasizes expertise and academic contribution, distinguishing it from more general terms like '学生 (がくせい)' (student).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3863

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Brush

Reading

Kanji

筆Brush

Explanation

The Japanese noun '筆 (ふで)' refers to a 'brush', specifically a writing or painting brush. This term is commonly used in the context of traditional Japanese calligraphy (書道, しょどう) and painting. The brush is an essential tool in these art forms, and the quality of the brush can significantly affect the outcome of the work. For example: I bought a new brush「新しい筆を買いました」(あたらしいふでをかいました). She is skilled with a brush「彼女は筆が上手です」(かのじょはふでがじょうずです). In addition to its literal meaning, '筆' can also be used metaphorically to refer to someone's writing style or ability, as in '彼の筆は鋭い (かれのふではするどい)' (His writing is sharp).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3869

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relative

Reading

Kanji

相Mutual 対Against

Explanation

The Japanese noun '相対 (そうたい)' means 'relative'. It refers to something that is considered in relation or comparison to something else, rather than being absolute. This term is often used in contexts involving comparison, relativity, or opposition. For example: relative position「相対的な位置」(そうたいてきないち). Relative truth「相対的な真実」(そうたいてきなしんじつ). The concept of '相対' is fundamental in discussions about perspectives, relationships, and comparisons in various fields such as philosophy, physics, and everyday life.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3883

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Author

Reading

Kanji

作Make 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '作者 (さくしゃ)' refers to the creator or author of a work, such as a book, painting, or other artistic creation. It is commonly used to describe the person responsible for the creation of a piece of art, literature, or any creative work. For example: the author of this book is famous「この本の作者は有名です」(このほんのさくしゃはゆうめいです). Who is the author of this painting?「この絵の作者は誰ですか？」(このえのさくしゃはだれですか？). The term emphasizes the role of the creator in bringing a work into existence.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3885

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Incorporate, Adopt

Reading

Kanji

取Take 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese verb '取り入れる (とりいれる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to adopt', often used when referring to adopting ideas, methods, or systems. The second is 'to incorporate', which can refer to physically bringing something in or integrating something into a system. For example: The company adopted new technology「その会社は新しい技術を取り入れた」(そのかいしゃはあたらしいぎじゅつをとりいれた). She incorporated fresh ingredients into her cooking「彼女は新鮮な食材を料理に取り入れた」(かのじょはしんせんなしょくざいをりょうりにとりいれた). This verb is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to describe the process of integrating or adopting something new.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3893

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

God

Reading

Kanji

神God 様Way, Form

Explanation

The Japanese noun '神様 (かみさま)' refers to a 'god' or 'deity'. It is a respectful term used to refer to gods in various religions, including Shinto and Buddhism. The term carries a sense of reverence and is often used when speaking about or to a god. For example: I prayed to the god「神様に祈りました」(かみさまにいのりました). The god of this shrine is very powerful「この神社の神様はとても強いです」(このじんじゃのかみさまはとてもつよいです). The term can also be used metaphorically to refer to someone who is exceptionally skilled or revered in a particular field, such as 'a god of baseball'「野球の神様」(やきゅうのかみさま).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3894

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bend

Reading

Kanji

曲Music, Bend

Explanation

The Japanese verb '曲がる (まがる)' means 'to bend' or 'to curve'. It is used to describe something that changes direction or shape, such as a road, a line, or an object. This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe a change in behavior or attitude. For example: The road bends to the right「道が右に曲がる」(みちがみぎにまがる). The metal rod bent under the weight「金属の棒が重みで曲がった」(きんぞくのぼうがおもみでまがった). He never bends the rules「彼は決してルールを曲げない」(かれはけっしてルールをまげない). Note that '曲がる' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object, while its transitive counterpart '曲げる (まげる)' means 'to bend something'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3910

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

King

Reading

Kanji

王King 様Way, Form

Explanation

The Japanese noun '王様 (おうさま)' means 'king'. It is used to refer to a male monarch or ruler of a kingdom. This term carries a sense of respect and authority, often used in fairy tales, historical contexts, or to describe someone with great power or influence. For example: The king ruled the country wisely「王様は国を賢く治めた」(おうさまはくにをかしこくおさめた). The king wore a golden crown「王様は金色の王冠をかぶっていた」(おうさまはきんいろのおうかんをかぶっていた). Note that '王様' is more commonly used in storytelling or formal contexts, while '王 (おう)' is a more neutral term for 'king'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3920

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Child rearing

Reading

Kanji

子Child 育Raise, Grow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '子育て (こそだて)' refers to the act of raising or bringing up children. It encompasses all aspects of parenting, including physical, emotional, and educational care. This term is often used in discussions about family life, parenting challenges, and societal support for families. For example: Child rearing is a rewarding experience「子育てはやりがいのある経験です」(こそだてはやりがいのあるけいけんです). She is dedicated to child rearing「彼女は子育てに専念しています」(かのじょはこそだてにせんねんしています). The government provides support for child rearing「政府は子育て支援を提供しています」(せいふはこそだてしえんをていきょうしています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3923

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Throw

Reading

Kanji

投Throw

Explanation

The Japanese verb '投げる (なげる)' means 'to throw'. It is used to describe the action of propelling something through the air with force, typically using the hands. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as throwing a ball, discarding something, or even metaphorically, like giving up on something. For example: he throws the ball「彼はボールを投げる」(かれはボールをなげる). I threw away the old magazine「古い雑誌を投げた」(ふるいざっしをなげた). In a more abstract sense, it can also mean to abandon or give up, as in 'he gave up on the project'「彼はプロジェクトを投げた」(かれはプロジェクトをなげた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3932

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sadness

Reading

Kanji

悲Sad

Explanation

The Japanese noun '悲しみ (かなしみ)' means 'sadness'. It refers to the emotional state of feeling sorrow or grief. This word is often used to describe deep emotional pain or melancholy. For example: I feel sadness「悲しみを感じる」(かなしみをかんじる). Her sadness was evident「彼女の悲しみは明らかだった」(かのじょのかなしみはあきらかだった). The word can also be used in poetic or literary contexts to evoke a sense of profound emotional depth.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3942

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Targeted

Reading

Kanji

向Facing, Yonder

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '向け (むけ)' is used to indicate that something is targeted or intended for a specific group, audience, or purpose. It is often attached to nouns to specify the intended recipient or focus of an item, service, or content. For example: a book for children「子供向けの本」(こどもむけのほん). This product is aimed at beginners「この製品は初心者向けです」(このせいひんはしょしんしゃむけです). The suffix can also imply suitability or appropriateness for the target group. It is commonly used in marketing, product descriptions, and media to clarify the intended audience.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3944

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Assumption

Reading

Kanji

想Concept 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '想定 (そうてい)' means 'assumption' or 'supposition'. It refers to a scenario or condition that is assumed or hypothesized for the purpose of planning, analysis, or discussion. This word is often used in contexts like business, disaster preparedness, or strategic planning. For example: We need to consider all possible assumptions「すべての想定を考慮する必要がある」(すべてのそうていをこうりょするひつようがある). The assumption of a natural disaster is crucial for emergency planning「自然災害の想定は緊急計画に重要だ」(しぜんさいがいのそうていはきんきゅうけいかくにじゅうようだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3963

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Getup

Reading

Kanji

起Wake up 上Up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '起き上がる (おきあがる)' means 'to get up' or 'to rise up'. This verb is typically used to describe the action of moving from a lying or sitting position to a standing position. It can also be used metaphorically to describe recovering from a setback or difficult situation. For example: He got up from the floor「彼は床から起き上がった」(かれはゆかからおきあがった). After the accident, she managed to get up and walk「事故の後、彼女は起き上がって歩くことができた」(じこのあと、かのじょはおきあがってあるくことができた). The verb is often used in contexts involving physical movement or recovery.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3988

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Middle

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese noun '真ん中 (まんなか)' means 'middle'. It refers to the central part or point of something, whether it's a physical space, an object, or even a concept. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to describe the center of an area or the midpoint of a situation. For example: the cat is in the middle of the room「猫は部屋の真ん中にいる」(ねこはへやのまんなかにいる). The answer is in the middle of the book「答えは本の真ん中にある」(こたえはほんのまんなかにある). It can also be used metaphorically, such as in 'the middle of a discussion'「議論の真ん中」(ぎろんのまんなか).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3992

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Whole area

Reading

Kanji

一One 面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一面 (いちめん)' refers to a 'whole area' or 'entire surface' of something. It is often used to describe a vast, uninterrupted expanse or a complete view of a particular scene or situation. For example: the whole area was covered in snow「一面が雪で覆われていた」(いちめんがゆきでおおわれていた). The entire surface of the lake was calm「湖の一面が静かだった」(みずうみのいちめんがしずかだった). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe a broad perspective or a comprehensive view of a situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3996

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oil

Reading

Kanji

石Stone 油Oil

Explanation

The Japanese noun '石油 (せきゆ)' refers to 'oil', specifically petroleum or crude oil. It is commonly used in contexts related to energy, fuel, and industrial applications. For example: This country imports a lot of oil「この国は石油をたくさん輸入する」(このくにはせきゆをたくさんゆにゅうする). Oil is an important resource「石油は重要な資源だ」(せきゆはじゅうようなしげんだ). The word is often associated with discussions about energy production, environmental issues, and global markets.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4002

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Uterus

Reading

Kanji

子Child 宮Palace

Explanation

The Japanese noun '子宮 (しきゅう)' refers to the 'uterus', which is the organ in the female body where a baby develops during pregnancy. This term is commonly used in medical contexts, discussions about reproductive health, and biology. For example: The doctor examined her uterus「医者は彼女の子宮を検査した」(いしゃはかのじょのしきゅうをけんさした). The uterus is an important organ for reproduction「子宮は生殖にとって重要な器官です」(しきゅうはせいしょくにとってじゅうようなきかんです). The word is neutral in tone and is used in both formal and informal settings when discussing anatomy or health.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4009

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Spirit, Enthusiasm

Reading

Kanji

意Idea 気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '意気 (いき)' refers to one's spirit, enthusiasm, or determination. It is often used to describe a person's vigor, motivation, or the energy they put into their actions. This word is commonly used in contexts related to teamwork, ambition, or personal drive. For example: His spirit is admirable「彼の意気は立派だ」(かれのいきはりっぱだ). They worked with great enthusiasm「彼らは意気込んで働いた」(かれらはいきごんではたらいた). Note that '意気' can also appear in compound words like '意気投合 (いきとうごう)', which means 'to hit it off' or 'to be in sync with someone.'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4013

Composition

kanji

Handwriting