Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Kanji JLPT Level

word

Meaning

Emerge

Reading

Kanji

出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '出でる (いでる)' means 'to emerge' or 'to appear'. It is an archaic or literary verb, often used in classical Japanese or poetic contexts. It describes something coming into view or becoming visible. For example: The sun emerged from behind the clouds「雲の間から太陽が出でる」(くものあいからたいようがいでる). This verb is less commonly used in modern conversational Japanese, where '出る (でる)' is more frequently used. However, '出でる' carries a more elegant or refined nuance, making it suitable for artistic or formal writing.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3771

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Complete

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 来Come 上Up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '出来上がる (できあがる)' means 'to be completed' or 'to be finished'. It is often used to describe the completion of a task, project, or creation. This verb implies that something has reached its final state and is ready for use or presentation. For example: the cake is complete「ケーキが出来上がった」(ケーキができあがった). The painting is finished「絵が出来上がった」(えができあがった). It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as when describing the completion of a plan or idea. Note that this verb is intransitive, meaning it does not take a direct object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3784

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grow

Reading

Kanji

生Life

Explanation

The Japanese verb '生える (はえる)' means 'to grow' and is specifically used to describe the growth of plants, hair, or other natural elements. It implies something sprouting or emerging naturally. For example: Grass grows in the garden「庭に草が生える」(にわにくさがはえる). My beard is growing「ひげが生えてきた」(ひげがはえてきた). This verb is often used in contexts related to natural processes, such as plants growing or hair sprouting. It is not typically used for artificial or man-made growth.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3820

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Majority

Reading

Kanji

大Big 半Half

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大半 (たいはん)' means 'majority' and refers to the larger part or greater portion of something. It is often used to describe a significant proportion of a group, quantity, or situation. For example: The majority of the students passed the exam「大半の学生が試験に合格した」(たいはんのがくせいがしけんにごうかくした). The majority of the work is already done「仕事の大半はもう終わっている」(しごとのたいはんはもうおわっている). This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to emphasize the larger part of a whole.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4029

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Detach, Miss

Reading

Kanji

外Outside

Explanation

The Japanese verb '外れる (はずれる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to detach' or 'to come off', referring to something physically separating from where it was attached. For example: the button came off「ボタンが外れた」(ぼたんがはずれた). The second meaning is 'to miss', often used in contexts where something does not meet expectations or targets. For example: the arrow missed the target「矢が的を外れた」(やがまとをはずれた). This verb can also be used metaphorically, such as when plans or predictions do not go as expected. For example: the weather forecast was wrong「天気予報が外れた」(てんきよほうがはずれた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4034

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Few

Reading

Kanji

二Two 三Three

Explanation

The Japanese noun '二三 (にさん)' is a literary or formal term meaning 'a few' or 'several'. It is often used in written language or formal speech to indicate a small, indefinite number of things. For example: I have a few books「二三の本を持っています」(にさんのほんをもっています). There are a few people in the room「部屋に二三の人がいます」(へやににさんのひとがいます). This word is less common in casual conversation, where 'いくつか (いくつか)' or '少し (すこし)' might be used instead.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4043

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Seven thousand

Reading

Kanji

七Seven 千Thousand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '七千 (ななせん)' means 'seven thousand'. It is a numerical term used to denote the quantity of 7,000. This word is commonly used in contexts involving counting, measurements, or quantities. For example: The population is seven thousand「人口は七千です」(じんこうはななせんです). The price is seven thousand yen「値段は七千円です」(ねだんはななせんえんです). Note that '七千' is a specific number and is used in formal or written contexts more often than in casual speech.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4054

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

First half

Reading

Kanji

前Before, Front 半Half

Explanation

The Japanese noun '前半 (ぜんはん)' refers to the 'first half' of something, such as a period of time, a game, or a book. It is commonly used to divide events, matches, or time periods into two parts. For example: The first half of the game was exciting「前半の試合は興奮した」(ぜんはんのしあいはこうふんした). I finished the first half of the book「本の前半を読み終えた」(ほんのぜんはんをよみおえた). This term is often used in contexts like sports, academic semesters, or performances to describe the initial portion of an event or period.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4077

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Feudal lord

Reading

Kanji

大Big 名Name

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大名 (だいみょう)' refers to a 'feudal lord' during the Edo period and earlier in Japan. These were powerful landowners who ruled over large territories and had significant political and military influence. The term is historically significant and often associated with the samurai class. For example: The feudal lord built a grand castle「大名は立派な城を建てた」(だいみょうはりっぱなしろをたてた). The feudal lord governed his domain strictly「大名は領地を厳しく治めた」(だいみょうはりょうちをきびしくおさめた). The word is primarily used in historical contexts and is not commonly used in modern everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4105

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Eldest son

Reading

Kanji

長Long, Leader 男Man

Explanation

The Japanese noun '長男 (ちょうなん)' refers to the 'eldest son' in a family. This term is used to denote the firstborn male child, often carrying cultural significance in terms of inheritance, family responsibilities, and traditional roles. For example: His eldest son is a doctor「彼の長男は医者です」(かれのちょうなんはいしゃです). The eldest son inherited the family business「長男は家業を継ぎました」(ちょうなんはかぎょうをつぎました). In Japanese society, the eldest son may traditionally be expected to take care of aging parents or manage family affairs.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4352

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Descend

Reading

Kanji

下Down

Explanation

The Japanese verb '下りる (おりる)' means 'to descend' or 'to get off'. It is commonly used to describe the action of moving from a higher place to a lower place, such as descending stairs or getting off a vehicle. For example: I will get off at the next station「次の駅で下ります」(つぎのえきでおります). The hiker descended the mountain「ハイカーは山を下りた」(ハイカーはやまをおりた). This verb can also be used metaphorically, such as when referring to a decision or permission being granted, as in 'the decision has come down'「決定が下りた」(けっていがおりた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4353

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Principal

Reading

Kanji

校School 長Long, Leader

Explanation

The Japanese noun '校長 (こうちょう)' refers to the 'principal' of a school. This term is specifically used to denote the head or chief administrator of an educational institution, such as an elementary, middle, or high school. For example: The principal gave a speech「校長がスピーチをした」(こうちょうがすぴーちをした). Our school's principal is very kind「私たちの学校の校長はとても親切です」(わたしたちのがっこうのこうちょうはとてもしんせつです). The word is commonly used in formal contexts and is a key role in the Japanese education system.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4414

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deposit

Reading

Kanji

入Enter 金Gold

Explanation

The Japanese noun '入金 (にゅうきん)' refers to a 'deposit' or the act of depositing money into an account. It is commonly used in financial contexts, such as banking, business transactions, or personal finance. For example: The deposit has been confirmed「入金が確認されました」(にゅうきんがかくにんされました). Please make a deposit by tomorrow「明日までに入金してください」(あしたまでににゅうきんしてください). This term is often used in formal or business settings and is essential for discussing payments, transfers, or financial records.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4511

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

East and west

Reading

Kanji

東East 西West

Explanation

The Japanese noun '東西 (とうざい)' refers to the concept of 'east and west', often used to describe direction, orientation, or geographical location. It can also metaphorically represent contrasting ideas, cultures, or traditions from the East and West. For example: The train runs east-west「電車は東西に走る」(でんしゃはとうざいにはしる). The cultural exchange between East and West is important「東西の文化交流は重要だ」(とうざいのぶんかこうりゅうはじゅうようだ). This word is commonly used in contexts involving geography, travel, or cultural comparisons.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4552

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Group

Reading

Kanji

一One 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一行 (いっこう)' refers to a 'group' or 'party' of people traveling or moving together. It is often used to describe a group of individuals who are part of the same journey, delegation, or entourage. For example: The group arrived at the hotel「一行はホテルに到着した」(いっこうはホテルにとうちゃくした). The delegation visited the museum「一行は博物館を訪れた」(いっこうははくぶつかんをおとずれた). This word is commonly used in formal or travel-related contexts to refer to a cohesive group of people.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4571

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Friend

Reading

Kanji

友Friend

Explanation

The Japanese noun '友 (とも)' means 'friend'. It is a somewhat literary or formal term for a friend, often used in written language or in formal speech. It can also be used in compound words, such as '友人 (ゆうじん)' (friend) or '親友 (しんゆう)' (close friend). Example sentences: He is my friend「彼は私の友です」(かれはわたしのともです). We have been friends since childhood「私たちは子供の頃からの友です」(わたしたちはこどものころからのともです). Note that '友 (とも)' is less commonly used in casual conversation compared to '友達 (ともだち)', which is the more everyday term for 'friend'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4585

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Many years

Reading

Kanji

長Long, Leader 年Year

Explanation

The Japanese noun '長年 (ながねん)' means 'many years' or 'a long time'. It is used to describe a significant period of time, often emphasizing the duration or the experience accumulated over that time. This word is commonly used in contexts where the passage of time is important, such as in relationships, careers, or traditions. For example: We have been friends for many years「私たちは長年の友達です」(わたしたちはながねんのともだちです). He has worked at the company for many years「彼は長年その会社で働いています」(かれはながねんそのかいしゃではたらいています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4690

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Monthly

Reading

Kanji

毎Every 月Moon, Month

Explanation

The Japanese noun '毎月 (まいつき)' means 'monthly'. It refers to something that occurs or is done every month. This word is commonly used in contexts related to schedules, payments, or events that repeat on a monthly basis. For example: I pay rent monthly「私は毎月家賃を払います」(わたしはまいつきやちんをはらいます). The magazine is published monthly「その雑誌は毎月発行されます」(そのざっしはまいつきはっこうされます). Note that '毎月' is often used in formal or written contexts, but it can also be used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4715

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Weather

Reading

Kanji

天Heaven 気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '天気 (てんき)' means 'weather'. It refers to the state of the atmosphere at a particular place and time, including temperature, precipitation, and other meteorological conditions. This word is commonly used in everyday conversations to discuss or inquire about the weather. For example: The weather is nice today「今日は天気がいい」(きょうはてんきがいい). What will the weather be like tomorrow?「明日の天気はどうですか？」(あしたのてんきはどうですか？). It can also be used in expressions like 'good weather' (いい天気, いてんき) or 'bad weather' (悪い天気, わるいてんき).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4772

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

White person

Reading

Kanji

白White 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '白人 (はくじん)' refers to a 'white person' or someone of Caucasian descent. It is a neutral term used to describe people with light skin, typically of European or North American origin. The word is often used in contexts discussing race, ethnicity, or cultural differences. For example: There are many white people in this city「この街には白人が多い」(このまちにははくじんがおおい). She is a white person from America「彼女はアメリカ出身の白人です」(かのじょはアメリカしゅっしんのはくじんです). Note that while the term is not inherently offensive, it is important to use it respectfully and in appropriate contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4814

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Every, Each

Reading

Kanji

一One

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一々 (いちいち)' is used to emphasize that something is done or considered individually, one by one, or in detail. It often carries a nuance of thoroughness or meticulousness, and can sometimes imply annoyance or frustration when used in certain contexts. For example: He checks each item「彼は一々チェックする」(かれはいちいちチェックする). I don't need to explain every detail「一々説明する必要はない」(いちいちせつめいするひつようはない). Note that '一々' is often used in negative sentences to express that something doesn't need to be done in such a detailed or repetitive manner.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4839

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Excavation

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 土Soil

Explanation

The Japanese noun '出土 (しゅつど)' refers to the act of unearthing or excavating artifacts, remains, or objects from the ground, often in an archaeological context. It is commonly used when discussing discoveries made during archaeological digs. For example: The excavation of ancient pottery was significant「古代の陶器の出土は重要だった」(こだいのとうきのしゅつどはじゅうようだった). Many artifacts were unearthed at the site「その場所で多くの遺物が出土した」(そのばしょでおおくのいぶつがしゅつどした). The term is specific to the context of archaeology and historical discoveries.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4956

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

For now

Reading

Kanji

一One

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一まず (ひとまず)' means 'for now' or 'for the time being'. It is used to indicate that something is being done temporarily or as an initial step, with the understanding that further action or changes may follow. This word is often used in situations where a decision or action is taken to address an immediate concern, while leaving room for future adjustments. For example: Let's stop here for now「一まずここで止めよう」(ひとまずここでとめよう). For now, let's assume it's true「一まずそれは本当だとしよう」(ひとまずそれはほんとうだとしよう). The word '一まず' conveys a sense of provisionality and is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5047

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

If

Reading

Kanji

万Ten thousand 一One

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '万一 (まんいち)' means 'if' in the sense of 'in the unlikely event that' or 'just in case'. It is used to express a hypothetical or unlikely situation. This word is often used in formal or cautious contexts. For example: If something happens, please call me「万一何かあったら、電話してください」(まんいちなにかあったら、でんわしてください). In case of rain, the event will be canceled「万一雨が降ったら、イベントは中止です」(まんいちあめがふったら、イベントはちゅうしです). The word carries a nuance of preparing for an unlikely scenario, and it is often paired with conditional forms like '～たら' or '～ば'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5054

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Japan Soviet

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日ソ (にっそ)' is a compound word that refers to the relationship or matters involving Japan and the Soviet Union. It is often used in historical or political contexts to discuss events, treaties, or interactions between the two nations. For example: The Japan-Soviet Neutrality Pact was signed in 1941「日ソ中立条約は1941年に調印された」(にっそちゅうりつじょうやくは1941ねんにちょういんされた). The Japan-Soviet Joint Declaration of 1956 normalized diplomatic relations「1956年の日ソ共同宣言は外交関係を正常化した」(1956ねんのにっそきょうどうせんげんはがいこうかんけいをせいじょうかした). This term is primarily used in historical discussions and is less common in modern contexts due to the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5055

Composition

kanji-katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Datetime

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun 時Time, Hour

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日時 (にちじ)' refers to a specific point in time, combining both the date and the time. It is commonly used in formal or official contexts, such as scheduling appointments, events, or meetings. For example: Please tell me the datetime of the meeting「会議の日時を教えてください」(かいぎのにちじをおしえてください). The datetime of the event is set for next Monday「イベントの日時は来週の月曜日に決まりました」(イベントのにちじはらいしゅうのげつようびにきまりました). This word is often used in written or formal communication rather than casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5056

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Days

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日日 (ひにち)' refers to 'days' or 'a period of time'. It is often used to describe a span of days or the passage of time. For example: I will wait for a few days「日日待ちます」(ひにちまちます). The days passed quickly「日日が早く過ぎた」(ひにちがはやくすぎた). This word can also be used in a more abstract sense to refer to the flow of time or the progression of events over days.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5057

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crescent

Reading

Kanji

三Three 日Day, Sun 月Moon, Month

Explanation

The Japanese noun '三日月 (みかづき)' refers to a 'crescent moon'. It is commonly used to describe the shape of the moon when it is in its early phase, appearing as a thin, curved sliver. This word is often used in poetic or descriptive contexts to evoke imagery of the night sky. For example: The crescent moon is beautiful tonight「今夜の三日月は美しい」(こんやのみかづきはうつくしい). She drew a crescent moon on the paper「彼女は紙に三日月を描いた」(かのじょはかみにみかづきをかいた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something shaped like a crescent, such as a crescent-shaped pastry or object.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5062

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Years

Reading

Kanji

年Year 月Moon, Month

Explanation

The Japanese noun '年月 (としつき)' refers to the passage of time, specifically in terms of years and months. It is often used to describe a long period of time or the duration of an event. For example: many years have passed「長い年月が経った」(ながいとしつきがたった). It took years of effort「年月をかけた努力」(としつきをかけたどりょく). The word can also imply the accumulation of experience or history over time, as in 'the years of tradition'「伝統の年月」(でんとうのとしつき).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5064

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Date

Reading

Kanji

年Year 月Moon, Month 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '年月日 (ねんがっぴ)' refers to a specific date, typically written in the format of year, month, and day. It is often used in formal or official contexts, such as on documents, forms, or when specifying a particular day in history. For example: Please write the date here「ここに年月日を書いてください」(ここにねんがっぴをかいてください). The date of the event is October 10, 2023「イベントの年月日は2023年10月10日です」(イベントのねんがっぴは2023ねん10がつ10かです). Note that '年月日' is a more formal way to refer to a date compared to '日付 (ひづけ)', which is also commonly used.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5067

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Yearly

Reading

Kanji

年Year

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '年々 (ねんねん)' means 'yearly' or 'year by year'. It is used to describe something that happens or changes gradually over the years. This word emphasizes a steady progression or trend over time. For example: the population is increasing yearly「人口は年々増えている」(じんこうはねんねんふえている). The cost of living is rising yearly「生活費は年々上がっている」(せいかつひはねんねんあがっている). Note that '年々' is often used in contexts where a gradual change or trend is observed over a period of years.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5068

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Somehow

Reading

Kanji

何What

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '何とか (なんとか)' means 'somehow' or 'in some way'. It is used to express that something is achieved or managed, often with difficulty or uncertainty. This word conveys a sense of effort or struggle, implying that the outcome was not straightforward. For example: I managed to finish the work somehow「何とか仕事を終わらせた」(なんとかしごとをおわらせた). We somehow made it on time「何とか間に合った」(なんとかまにあった). Additionally, '何とか' can be used to request help or suggest finding a solution, as in '何とかしてください (なんとかしてください) (Please do something about it).'

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5076

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Best

Reading

Kanji

何What

Explanation

The Japanese noun '何より (なにより)' means 'best' or 'above all else'. It is often used to emphasize that something is the most important, valuable, or desirable thing in a given context. For example: Your health is what matters most「何より健康が大切です」(なによりけんこうがたいせつです). Nothing is more important than your happiness「何よりあなたの幸せが一番です」(なによりあなたのしあわせがいちばんです). This word is commonly used in positive contexts to highlight priority or preference.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5077

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

What, How

Reading

Kanji

何What

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '何と (なんと)' is a versatile word that can express surprise, emphasis, or inquiry. It is often used to convey astonishment or to ask 'how' or 'what' in a rhetorical or exclamatory manner. For example: How amazing!「何とすごい！」(なんとすごい！). What a surprise!「何と驚きだ！」(なんとおどろきだ！). It can also be used in questions to express disbelief or curiosity, such as: What did you say?「何と言いましたか？」(なんといいましたか？). The nuance of '何と' often depends on the tone and context of the sentence, making it a flexible and expressive adverb in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5078

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Somehow

Reading

Kanji

何What

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '何となく (なんとなく)' means 'somehow' or 'for some reason'. It is used to express a vague or unclear feeling, thought, or reason behind an action or situation. This word often conveys a sense of intuition, instinct, or an unexplainable sense. For example: I somehow felt like going for a walk「何となく散歩に行きたくなった」(なんとなくさんぽにいきたくなった). She somehow seemed familiar「彼女は何となく見覚えがあった」(かのじょはなんとなくみおぼえがあった). It can also imply doing something without a clear purpose, as in: I just somehow ended up here「何となくここに来てしまった」(なんとなくここにきてしまった).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5079

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Somehow

Reading

Kanji

何What

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '何だか (なんだか)' means 'somehow' or 'for some reason'. It is used to express a vague or uncertain feeling or situation, often when the speaker cannot clearly explain why they feel a certain way. This word is commonly used in casual conversations. For example: I feel somehow uneasy「何だか落ち着かない」(なんだかおちつかない). Somehow, it feels nostalgic「何だか懐かしい気がする」(なんだかなつかしいきがする). The word can also imply a sense of intuition or an unexplained emotion.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5086

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Why

Reading

Kanji

何What

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '何で (なんで)' means 'why'. It is commonly used in casual conversation to ask for the reason or cause behind something. This word is less formal than 'なぜ' or 'どうして', which also mean 'why'. For example: Why did you come?「何で来たの？」(なできたの？). Why are you crying?「何で泣いてるの？」(なでないてるの？). Note that '何で' can also be read as 'なにで' in certain contexts, where it means 'by what means' or 'with what', but this is a separate usage and not the focus here.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5087

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

How

Reading

Kanji

何What

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '何て (なんて)' is used to express surprise, emphasis, or admiration. It often translates to 'how' in English and is commonly used in exclamatory sentences. For example: How beautiful!「何て美しい！」(なんてうつくしい！). How kind!「何て親切なの！」(なんてしんせつなの！). It can also be used to downplay something, as in 'It's nothing special'「何てことない」(なんてことない). Note that '何て' is informal and is often used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5088

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thousands

Reading

Kanji

何What 千Thousand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '何千 (なんぜん)' means 'thousands'. It is used to refer to an unspecified large number of things, typically in the thousands. This word is often used in contexts where the exact number is unknown or unimportant, emphasizing the magnitude or quantity. For example: thousands of people gathered「何千もの人が集まった」(なんぜんものひとがあつまった). There are thousands of stars in the sky「空には何千もの星がある」(そらにはなんぜんものほしがある). The word can also be used metaphorically to express a large, indefinite quantity, such as 'thousands of thoughts' or 'thousands of possibilities'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5094

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hundreds

Reading

Kanji

何What 百Hundred

Explanation

The Japanese noun '何百 (なんびゃく)' means 'hundreds'. It is used to indicate an unspecified large number in the hundreds. This word is often used in contexts where the exact number is not important, but the general scale is. For example: there are hundreds of stars in the sky「空には何百もの星がある」(そらにはなんびゃくものほしがある). Hundreds of people attended the event「何百人もの人がイベントに参加した」(なんびゃくにんものひとがイベントにさんかした). The word '何百' can also be used in combination with other counters, such as '何百人 (なんびゃくにん)' for 'hundreds of people' or '何百個 (なんびゃっこ)' for 'hundreds of items'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5095

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Come

Reading

Kanji

来Come

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'やって来る (やってくる)' means 'to come'. This verb is used to describe the action of someone or something arriving at a location, often from a considerable distance or after a period of time. It emphasizes the process of coming, rather than just the state of being present. For example: he came from far away「彼は遠くからやって来た」(かれはとおくからやってきた). The train is coming「電車がやって来る」(でんしゃがやってくる). This verb is often used in contexts where the arrival is notable or significant.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5096

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Arrival

Reading

Kanji

来Come 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '来日 (らいにち)' refers to the act of arriving in Japan, typically used for foreigners coming to Japan. It is often used in formal or official contexts, such as news reports or announcements. For example: The president's arrival in Japan is scheduled for next week「大統領の来日は来週に予定されています」(だいとうりょうのらいにちはらいしゅうによていされています). Many tourists come to Japan every year「毎年多くの観光客が来日します」(まいとしおおくのかんこうきゃくがらいにちします). Note that '来日' is specifically about arriving in Japan, not just any arrival.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5097

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Large amount of money

Reading

Kanji

大Big 金Gold

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大金 (たいきん)' refers to a 'large amount of money'. This word is often used to describe a significant sum of money, either in the context of wealth, expenses, or financial transactions. It carries a nuance of something substantial or noteworthy in terms of monetary value. For example: He inherited a large amount of money「彼は大金を相続した」(かれはたいきんをそうぞくした). Spending a large amount of money on a car「車に大金を使う」(くるまにたいきんをつかう). The word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to emphasize the scale of the financial amount being discussed.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5102

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Big

Reading

Kanji

大Big

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大 (だい)' means 'big' or 'large'. It is often used as a prefix to indicate something is large in scale, size, or importance. For example: big earthquake「大地震」(だいじしん). big sale「大売り出し」(だいうりだし). It can also be used in compound words to emphasize magnitude or significance. For instance: big success「大成功」(だいせいこう). Note that '大 (だい)' is a Sino-Japanese reading and is commonly used in formal or compound contexts, while '大きい (おおきい)' is the native Japanese adjective for 'big'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5103

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Daytime, Japan China

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日中 (にっちゅう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning refers to 'daytime', the period between sunrise and sunset. For example: I work during the daytime「私は日中働きます」(わたしはにっちゅうはたらきます). The second meaning refers to the relationship or interaction between Japan and China. For example: Japan-China relations are improving「日中関係は改善しています」(にっちゅうかんけいはかいぜんしています). It's important to note that the context in which this word is used will determine which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5104

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Middle age

Reading

Kanji

中Center 年Year

Explanation

The Japanese noun '中年 (ちゅうねん)' refers to 'middle age', typically describing people in their 40s to 50s. It is often used to discuss life stages, societal roles, or physical changes associated with this period of life. For example: He is in middle age「彼は中年です」(かれはちゅうねんです). Middle age is a busy time of life「中年は忙しい時期です」(ちゅうねんはいそがしいじきです). The term can carry nuances of responsibility, maturity, or even crisis, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5109

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Year round

Reading

Kanji

年Year 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '年中 (ねんじゅう)' means 'year-round' or 'throughout the year'. It is used to describe something that happens continuously or without interruption over the entire year. This word is often used to emphasize the constant nature of an activity, event, or state. For example: The store is open year-round「その店は年中開いている」(そのみせはねんじゅうあいている). He works year-round「彼は年中働いている」(かれはねんじゅうはたらいている). It can also be used to describe something that is always present or ongoing, such as '年中無休 (ねんじゅうむきゅう)' meaning 'open all year without holidays'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5112

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Size, Importance

Reading

Kanji

大Big 小Small

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大小 (だいしょう)' can mean 'size' or 'importance'. When referring to 'size', it is used to describe the relative dimensions or magnitude of something, often in terms of large and small. For example: The size of the houses varies「家の大小はさまざまだ」(いえのだいしょうはさまざまだ). When referring to 'importance', it is used to describe the relative significance or priority of matters. For example: We must consider the importance of each issue「各問題の大小を考えなければならない」(かくもんだいのだいしょうをかんがえなければならない). The word is often used in contexts where comparison or relative assessment is involved.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5113

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hang

Reading

Kanji

下Down

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'ぶら下がる (ぶらさがる)' means 'to hang' or 'to dangle'. It is used to describe something that is suspended or hanging loosely from a point, often implying a sense of swaying or dangling freely. This verb can be used for both physical objects and abstract concepts. For example: The key is hanging from the hook「鍵がフックにぶら下がっている」(かぎがフックにぶらさがっている). He was hanging from the tree branch「彼は木の枝にぶら下がっていた」(かれはきのえだにぶらさがっていた). Note that this verb often conveys a sense of looseness or lack of tension in the hanging object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5115

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hang

Reading

Kanji

下Down

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'ぶら下げる (ぶらさげる)' means 'to hang' something loosely or casually, often implying that the object is dangling or swinging. It is commonly used when referring to carrying or suspending something in a relaxed manner, such as a bag or an ornament. For example: She hung her bag on the hook「彼女はバッグをフックにぶら下げた」(かのじょはバッグをフックにぶらさげた). He hung the lantern from the tree「彼はランタンを木にぶら下げた」(かれはランタンをきにぶらさげた). This verb conveys a sense of looseness or casualness in the way something is hung, as opposed to being firmly attached.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5116

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grade

Reading

Kanji

学Learn 年Year

Explanation

The Japanese noun '学年 (がくねん)' refers to a 'grade' or 'school year' in the context of education. It is used to indicate the year or level a student is in within their educational journey, such as elementary, middle, or high school. For example: I am in the third grade「私は3学年です」(わたしはさんがくねんです). The new school year starts in April「新しい学年は4月に始まります」(あたらしいがくねんはしがつにはじまります). This term is commonly used in academic settings and is essential for understanding a student's progress in the Japanese education system.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5118

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sunset

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日の入り (ひのいり)' refers to the time when the sun sets or the act of the sun setting. It is commonly used to describe the natural phenomenon of the sun disappearing below the horizon. For example: The sunset was beautiful「日の入りが美しかった」(ひのいりがうつくしかった). We watched the sunset at the beach「私たちはビーチで日の入りを見た」(わたしたちはビーチでひのいりをみた). This word is often used in poetic or descriptive contexts to evoke the beauty of the evening sky.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5123

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Coming and going

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '出入り (でいり)' refers to the act of entering and exiting a place, or the movement of people or things in and out of a location. It is often used to describe frequent or regular movement, such as visitors coming and going from a building. For example: There is a lot of coming and going at the office「オフィスでは出入りが多い」(オフィスではでいりがおおい). The store has a lot of customer traffic「その店は出入りが激しい」(そのみせはでいりがはげしい). Additionally, '出入り' can also imply interaction or involvement with a place or group, such as '出入り禁止 (でいりきんし)' meaning 'no entry' or 'off-limits'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5124

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crowd

Reading

Kanji

人Person 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人出 (ひとで)' refers to the presence or gathering of people, often in large numbers, such as at events, public places, or popular spots. It emphasizes the number of people present rather than the individuals themselves. For example: There was a big crowd at the festival「祭りで人出が多かった」(まつりでひとでがおおかった). The park is crowded today「今日は公園の人出が多い」(きょうはこうえんのひとでがおおい). This word is commonly used to describe bustling or lively situations where many people are gathered.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5129

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sunrise

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日の出 (ひので)' means 'sunrise'. It refers to the moment when the sun appears above the horizon in the morning. This word is often used in contexts related to nature, time, or poetic expressions. For example: I woke up early to see the sunrise「日の出を見るために早起きした」(ひのでをみるためにはやおきした). The sunrise was beautiful this morning「今朝の日の出は美しかった」(けさのひのではうつくしかった). The word can also symbolize new beginnings or hope, as the sunrise marks the start of a new day.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5130

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Completion

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 来Come 上Up

Explanation

The Japanese noun '出来上がり (できあがり)' refers to the state of something being completed or finished. It is often used to describe the final result or outcome of a process, such as a project, meal, or artwork. For example: the completion of the painting is beautiful「絵の出来上がりが美しい」(えのできあがりがうつくしい). The cake's completion looks delicious「ケーキの出来上がりが美味しそう」(ケーキのできあがりがおいしそう). This word can also imply the quality or condition of the finished product, making it a versatile term in both casual and formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5132

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

As much as possible

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 来Come

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '出来るだけ (できるだけ)' means 'as much as possible' or 'to the extent possible'. It is used to express the idea of doing something to the fullest extent or making the maximum effort. This adverb is often used to indicate that someone is trying their best or doing something to the greatest degree they can. For example: I will study as much as possible「出来るだけ勉強します」(できるだけべんきょうします). Please come as early as possible「出来るだけ早く来てください」(できるだけはやくきてください). It is a versatile phrase that can be used in various contexts to emphasize effort or extent.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5138

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

End, Miss

Reading

Kanji

外Outside

Explanation

The Japanese noun '外れ (はずれ)' can have two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'miss', referring to something that fails to hit the target or meet expectations. For example: that prediction was a miss「その予想は外れだった」(そのよそうははずれだった). The second meaning is 'end', referring to the farthest or outermost part of something, such as the end of a street or the edge of a town. For example: the shop is at the end of the street「その店は通りの外れにある」(そのみせはとおりのはずれにある). The context usually clarifies which meaning is intended, as the two usages are quite distinct.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5139

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Originally

Reading

Kanji

本Book, Origin 来Come

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '本来 (ほんらい)' means 'originally' or 'by nature'. It is used to describe something that is inherent, fundamental, or true in its original state. It often implies a contrast between the natural or intended state of something and its current state. For example: This land was originally a forest「この土地は本来、森でした」(このとちはほんらい、もりでした). He is by nature a kind person「彼は本来、優しい人です」(かれはほんらい、やさしいひとです). The word can also be used to emphasize the true nature or purpose of something, as in '本来の目的 (ほんらいのもくてき) (original purpose)'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5149

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

This year

Reading

Kanji

本Book, Origin 年Year

Explanation

The Japanese noun '本年 (ほんねん)' means 'this year'. It is a formal term often used in business, official documents, or formal speeches to refer to the current year. For example: We aim to achieve our goals this year「本年は目標を達成することを目指します」(ほんねんはもくひょうをたっせいすることをめざします). This year's budget has been finalized「本年予算は確定しました」(ほんねんよさんはかくていしました). Note that '本年' is more formal than '今年 (ことし)', which is used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5150

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Today

Reading

Kanji

本Book, Origin 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '本日 (ほんじつ)' means 'today'. It is a formal and polite term often used in announcements, formal speeches, or written communications. For example: Today's event has been canceled「本日のイベントは中止となりました」(ほんじつのイベントはちゅうしとなりました). Thank you for coming today「本日はご来場ありがとうございます」(ほんじつはごらいじょうありがとうございます). Note that '本日' is more formal than the casual '今日 (きょう)', which is used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5151

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rest

Reading

Kanji

休Rest

Explanation

The Japanese verb '休める (やすめる)' means 'to rest' or 'to give something a break'. It is the transitive form of the verb '休む (やすむ)', which means 'to rest' or 'to take a break'. '休める' is used when someone or something is actively allowing or causing another person or thing to rest. For example: I let my eyes rest「目を休めた」(めをやすめた). He rested his voice「彼は声を休めた」(かれはこえをやすめた). This verb is often used in contexts where someone is giving themselves or something else a break, such as resting a body part, a machine, or even a concept like effort.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5152

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rest

Reading

Kanji

一One 休Rest

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '一休み (ひとやすみ)' means 'rest' or 'a short break'. It is commonly used to indicate taking a brief pause or respite from an activity. This word is often used in casual or everyday contexts, such as during work, study, or physical exertion. For example: Let's take a short rest「一休みしましょう」(ひとやすみしましょう). After walking for an hour, I took a rest「1時間歩いた後、一休みした」(1じかんあるいたあと、ひとやすみした). The term emphasizes a temporary pause rather than a long break, making it suitable for situations where the activity will resume shortly.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5153

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nine thousand

Reading

Kanji

九Nine 千Thousand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '九千 (きゅうせん)' means 'nine thousand'. It is a specific number used to denote the quantity of nine thousand. This word is typically used in contexts where large numbers are discussed, such as in finance, population statistics, or when counting items in large quantities. For example: The population of the town is nine thousand「その町の人口は九千です」(そのまちのじんこうはきゅうせんです). The cost of the project is nine thousand yen「そのプロジェクトの費用は九千円です」(そのプロジェクトのひようはきゅうせんえんです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5167

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Not much

Reading

Kanji

大Big

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '大して (たいして)' is used to indicate that something is not particularly significant, important, or extensive. It is often used in negative sentences to convey a mild sense of indifference or dismissal. Example: It's not that cold 「大して寒くない」 (たいしてさむくない). He doesn't study that much 「彼は大して勉強しない」 (かれはたいしてべんきょうしない). Note that '大して' is commonly paired with negative verb forms or negative structures, emphasizing a lack of intensity or importance.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5176

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Serious

Reading

Kanji

本Book, Origin 気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '本気 (ほんき)' means 'serious'. It is used to describe a genuine, earnest, or sincere attitude or state of mind. It often implies a lack of joking or superficiality. For example: He is serious about his studies「彼は勉強に本気です」(かれはべんきょうにほんきです). Are you serious?「本気ですか？」(ほんきですか？). It can also describe actions or situations that are done with full effort or commitment, such as '本気で頑張る (ほんきでがんばる) (to seriously try hard)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5193

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Quiet

Reading

Kanji

大Big 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '大人しい (おとなしい)' primarily means 'quiet' or 'well-behaved'. It is often used to describe someone who is calm, reserved, or obedient. This word can also imply a sense of gentleness or docility. For example: The child is quiet「その子は大人しい」(そのこはおとなしい). She is a quiet person「彼女は大人しい人だ」(かのじょはおとなしいひとだ). Note that while '大人しい' can sometimes imply shyness, its core meaning revolves around being calm and unobtrusive.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5194

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Southwest

Reading

Kanji

南South 西West

Explanation

The Japanese noun '南西 (なんせい)' means 'southwest'. It is a compound word formed by combining '南 (なん)' meaning 'south' and '西 (せい)' meaning 'west'. This term is commonly used in geographical contexts, such as giving directions or describing locations. For example: The wind is coming from the southwest「風が南西から吹いている」(かぜがなんせいからふいている). The island is located to the southwest of the mainland「その島は本土の南西に位置している」(そのしまはほんどのなんせいにいちしている). It can also be used in weather forecasts or navigation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5206

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Southeast

Reading

Kanji

南South 東East

Explanation

The Japanese noun '南東 (なんとう)' means 'southeast'. It refers to the cardinal direction that is halfway between south and east. This term is commonly used in geographical contexts, such as describing the location of a place or the direction of movement. For example: The wind is coming from the southeast「風が南東から吹いている」(かぜがなんとうからふいている). The city is located to the southeast of Tokyo「その都市は東京の南東に位置している」(そのとしはとうきょうのなんとうにいちしている). The term can also be used in weather forecasts or navigation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5207

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Northwest

Reading

Kanji

北North 西West

Explanation

The Japanese noun '北西 (ほくせい)' means 'northwest'. It is a compound word formed by combining '北 (きた)', meaning 'north', and '西 (にし)', meaning 'west'. This term is commonly used to indicate a direction or location, such as in weather forecasts or when giving directions. For example: The wind is blowing from the northwest「北西から風が吹いている」(ほくせいからかぜがふいている). The town is located to the northwest of the city「その町は市の北西に位置している」(そのまちはしのほくせいにいちしている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5208

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Northeast

Reading

Kanji

北North 東East

Explanation

The Japanese noun '北東 (ほくとう)' means 'northeast'. It is a compound word formed by combining '北 (きた)' meaning 'north' and '東 (ひがし)' meaning 'east'. This term is commonly used to indicate a direction or location. For example: the wind is blowing from the northeast「風が北東から吹いている」(かぜがほくとうからふいている). The city is located to the northeast of Tokyo「その都市は東京の北東に位置している」(そのとしはとうきょうのほくとうにいちしている). It is also used in weather forecasts and geographical descriptions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5209

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Public

Reading

Kanji

人Person 前Before, Front

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人前 (ひとまえ)' refers to being in the presence of others or in a public setting. It is often used to describe situations where one's actions or behavior are visible to others, emphasizing the idea of being observed or judged. For example: She is shy in public「彼女は人前で恥ずかしがる」(かのじょはひとまえではずかしがる). He doesn't like speaking in public「彼は人前で話すのが苦手だ」(かれはひとまえではなすのがにがてだ). The term can also imply a sense of formality or decorum when in the presence of others.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5243

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beforehand

Reading

Kanji

前Before, Front

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '前もって (まえもって)' means 'beforehand' or 'in advance'. It is used to indicate that something is done or prepared ahead of time, often to avoid last-minute issues or to ensure smooth execution. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: Please inform me beforehand「前もって教えてください」(まえもっておしえてください). We prepared everything beforehand「私たちは前もってすべて準備しました」(わたしたちはまえもってすべてじゅんびしました). It emphasizes proactive action and planning.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5244

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Delivery

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 前Before, Front

Explanation

The Japanese noun '出前 (でまえ)' refers to the service of delivering food, typically from a restaurant, to a customer's home or another location. It is commonly used in the context of ordering meals like sushi, ramen, or other dishes. For example: I ordered sushi delivery「寿司の出前を頼んだ」(すしのでまえをたのんだ). The ramen delivery arrived quickly「ラーメンの出前が早く届いた」(ラーメンのでまえがはやくとどいた). This term is widely understood in Japan and is associated with convenience and quick service.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5245

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Heading

Reading

Kanji

見See 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '見出し (みだし)' refers to a 'heading' or 'title', typically used in articles, documents, or sections of text to summarize or introduce the content that follows. It is commonly seen in newspapers, books, and websites. For example: The heading of the article is interesting「記事の見出しが面白い」(きじのみだしがおもしろい). Please write a heading for this section「このセクションの見出しを書いてください」(このセクションのみだしをかいてください). The word can also imply a summary or a key point that captures the essence of the content.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5265

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Example, Sample

Reading

Kanji

見See 本Book, Origin

Explanation

The Japanese noun '見本 (みほん)' can mean either 'sample' or 'example', depending on the context. When used to mean 'sample', it refers to a physical or tangible item that represents a larger group or product, such as a product sample or a test piece. For example: please take a look at this sample「この見本を見てください」(このみほんをみてください). When used to mean 'example', it refers to a model or instance that demonstrates a concept or idea. For example: this is a good example of teamwork「これはチームワークの良い見本です」(これはチームワークのよいみほんですです). The word is commonly used in both commercial and educational settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5266

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Moon viewing

Reading

Kanji

月Moon, Month 見See

Explanation

The Japanese noun '月見 (つきみ)' refers to the traditional custom of viewing the moon, often during the autumn moon-viewing festival known as 'Tsukimi'. This practice involves appreciating the beauty of the full moon, typically while enjoying seasonal foods like rice dumplings (月見団子, つきみだんご) and sake. Example sentences: Let's do moon viewing tonight「今夜は月見をしよう」(こんやはつきみをしよう). During Tsukimi, we eat rice dumplings「月見の時、団子を食べます」(つきみのとき、だんごをたべます).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5271

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Distraction

Reading

Kanji

見See

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'よそ見 (よそみ)' refers to the act of looking away or being distracted, often when one should be paying attention. It is commonly used in contexts where someone is not focusing on what they are supposed to be doing, such as in a classroom or while driving. For example: Don't get distracted while driving「運転中によそ見をしないで」(うんてんちゅうによそみをしないで). She was looking away during the lecture「彼女は講義中によそ見をしていた」(かのじょはこうぎちゅうによそみをしていた). The term can also imply a lack of focus or attention in general, not just visually.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5272

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Appearance

Reading

Kanji

見See

Explanation

The Japanese noun '見かけ (みかけ)' refers to the outward appearance or look of something or someone. It is often used to describe how things or people seem at first glance, without deeper knowledge or understanding. For example: don't judge by appearance「見かけで判断しないで」(みかけではんだんしないで). Her appearance is deceiving「彼女の見かけは当てにならない」(かのじょのみかけはあてにならない). This word can also imply that the appearance might not reflect the true nature or quality of something, as in '見かけは良いけど、中身は違う (みかけはいいけど、なかみはちがう) (It looks good, but the inside is different).'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5279

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reading

Reading

Kanji

読Read 書Write

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '読書 (どくしょ)' refers to the act of reading books. It is commonly used to describe the activity of reading for pleasure, study, or personal growth. This term emphasizes the process of engaging with written material, often implying a more serious or dedicated approach to reading. For example: I enjoy reading「私は読書が好きです」(わたしはどくしょがすきです). Reading is important for learning「読書は学ぶために重要です」(どくしょはまなぶためにじゅうようです). The term can also be used in contexts like '読書会 (どくしょかい)', which means a book club or reading group.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5280

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reading and writing

Reading

Kanji

読Read 書Write

Explanation

The Japanese noun '読み書き (よみかき)' refers to the combined skills of reading and writing. It is often used to describe literacy or the ability to read and write in a language. This term is commonly used in educational contexts or when discussing language proficiency. For example: He is good at reading and writing「彼は読み書きが得意です」(かれはよみかきがとくいです). Learning reading and writing is important「読み書きを学ぶことは大切です」(よみかきをまなぶことはたいせつです). The term emphasizes the dual skills of reading and writing as fundamental components of literacy.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5286

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Holiday

Reading

Kanji

休Rest 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '休日 (きゅうじつ)' refers to a day off or a holiday. It is commonly used to describe days when people do not work or attend school, such as national holidays, weekends, or personal days off. For example: I will spend the holiday with my family「休日は家族と過ごします」(きゅうじつはかぞくとすごします). Tomorrow is a holiday「明日は休日です」(あしたはきゅうじつです). The word can also imply relaxation or leisure time, as in '休日を楽しむ (きゅうじつをたのしむ) (enjoy the holiday)'. Note that '休日' is distinct from '休み (やすみ)', which can mean a break or rest in a broader sense.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5313

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Parents

Reading

Kanji

父Father 母Mother

Explanation

The Japanese noun '父母 (ふぼ)' refers to one's parents, specifically both the mother and father. It is a formal and respectful term often used in written or formal contexts. For example: I respect my parents「私は父母を尊敬します」(わたしはふぼをそんけいします). Parents are important「父母は大切です」(ふぼはたいせつです). This term is less commonly used in casual conversation, where '両親 (りょうしん)' or 'お父さんとお母さん (おとうさんとおかあさん)' might be preferred.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5352

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Older

Reading

Kanji

年Year 長Long, Leader

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '年長 (ねんちょう)' means 'older' and is used to describe someone who is older in age, particularly in comparison to others. It is often used in contexts involving seniority, such as in schools, workplaces, or social groups. For example: She is older than me「彼女は私より年長です」(かのじょはわたしよりねんちょうです). The older students helped the younger ones「年長の生徒が年少の生徒を助けました」(ねんちょうのせいとがねんしょうのせいとをたすけました). Note that '年長' is often used in formal or respectful contexts to acknowledge age differences.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5372

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Long

Reading

Kanji

長Long, Leader

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '長らく (ながらく)' means 'for a long time' or 'a long while'. It is used to describe a period of time that is significantly long, often implying a sense of waiting or duration. This adverb can be used in various contexts, such as waiting for someone, enduring a situation, or describing how long something has been the case. For example: I waited for a long time「長らく待ちました」(ながらくまちました). He has been sick for a long time「彼は長らく病気です」(かれはながらくびょうきです). Note that '長らく' often carries a nuance of something being prolonged or extended beyond what might be expected or desired.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5373

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Long talk

Reading

Kanji

長Long, Leader 話Talk

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '長話 (ながばなし)' refers to a long conversation or a lengthy talk. It is often used to describe a situation where someone talks for an extended period, sometimes unnecessarily or in a way that might be seen as tedious. For example: I got caught in a long talk「長話に巻き込まれた」(ながばなしにまきこまれた). Please avoid long talks during meetings「会議中に長話は避けてください」(かいぎちゅうにながばなしはさけてください). The term can carry a slightly negative connotation, implying that the conversation is longer than necessary or desired.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5374

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Previous day

Reading

Kanji

前Before, Front 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '前日 (ぜんじつ)' refers to 'the previous day' or 'the day before'. It is commonly used to indicate the day immediately preceding a specific event or date. For example: The meeting was held the previous day「会議は前日に行われた」(かいぎはぜんじつにおこなわれた). I prepared everything the day before「私は前日にすべて準備した」(わたしはぜんじつにすべてじゅんびした). This term is often used in formal or written contexts to specify timing relative to an event.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5380

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

North south

Reading

Kanji

南South 北North

Explanation

The Japanese noun '南北 (なんぼく)' refers to the concept of 'north and south' or the direction spanning from north to south. It is often used to describe geographical orientation, such as the layout of a country, region, or even a room. For example: Japan stretches from north to south「日本は南北に長い」(にほんはなんぼくにながい). The road runs north-south「その道は南北に走っている」(そのみちはなんぼくにはしっている). This term can also be used metaphorically to describe opposing or contrasting directions, such as in politics or opinions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5392

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Entry, Immigration

Reading

Kanji

入Enter 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '入国 (にゅうこく)' refers to the act of entering a country, often used in the context of immigration or crossing borders. It is commonly used in formal or official settings, such as at airports or when discussing legal procedures. For example: He completed the immigration process「彼は入国手続きを終えた」(かれはにゅうこくてつづきをおえた). Entry into Japan requires a visa「日本への入国にはビザが必要です」(にほんへのにゅうこくにはビザがひつようです). Note that this term is distinct from '出国 (しゅっこく)', which means 'departure' or 'exit from a country'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5397

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Home country

Reading

Kanji

本Book, Origin 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese noun '本国 (ほんごく)' refers to one's home country or the country of origin. It is often used in contexts where someone is abroad or discussing matters related to their native land. For example: I miss my home country「本国が恋しい」(ほんごくがこいしい). The company's headquarters are in the home country「会社の本社は本国にある」(かいしゃのほんしゃはほんごくにある). This term can also be used in legal or formal contexts to refer to the country where a person or entity is primarily based.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5398

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Heaven

Reading

Kanji

天Heaven 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese noun '天国 (てんごく)' means 'heaven'. It refers to the concept of a paradise or a blissful afterlife in various religious and spiritual contexts. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a place or situation of great happiness or perfection. For example: I want to go to heaven「天国に行きたい」(てんごくにいきたい). This place is like heaven「この場所は天国みたい」(このばしょはてんごくみたい). The word is often used in a positive and uplifting manner, and it carries a sense of ultimate peace and joy.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5399

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Next year

Reading

Kanji

来Come 年Year

Explanation

The Japanese noun '来年 (らいねん)' means 'next year'. It refers to the year immediately following the current one. This word is commonly used in contexts where discussing future plans, events, or projections. Example: I will study abroad next year 「来年は留学します」 (らいねんはりゅうがくします). Next year's budget has been approved 「来年の予算が承認されました」 (らいねんのよさんがしょうにんされました). '来年' is a standard term and does not have any particular nuances or variations in meaning.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5443

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tell

Reading

Kanji

聞Listen

Explanation

The Japanese verb '聞かす (きかす)' means 'to tell' or 'to make someone listen'. It is often used when someone is sharing information, a story, or music with another person, emphasizing the act of making the listener hear or pay attention. For example: He told me an interesting story「彼は私に面白い話を聞かせた」(かれはわたしにおもしろいはなしをきかせた). She made me listen to her favorite song「彼女は私に好きな曲を聞かせた」(かのじょはわたしにすきなきょくをきかせた). This verb is commonly used in casual or conversational contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5521

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Look down

Reading

Kanji

見See 下Down

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見下ろす (みおろす)' means 'to look down'. This verb is used when someone is physically looking down from a higher position to a lower one. It can also imply a sense of superiority or condescension when used metaphorically. For example: He looked down from the mountain「彼は山から見下ろした」(かれはやまからみおろした). She looked down on him with disdain「彼女は彼を見下ろすように見た」(かのじょはかれをみおろすようにみた). The verb is often used in contexts involving physical elevation or social hierarchy.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5527

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Master

Reading

Kanji

名Name 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '名人 (めいじん)' refers to a person who has achieved a high level of skill or expertise in a particular field, often to the point of being considered a master. This term is commonly used in contexts such as arts, crafts, games, and other specialized areas. For example: He is a master of calligraphy「彼は書道の名人です」(かれはしょどうのめいじんです). She is a master chef「彼女は料理の名人です」(かのじょはりょうりのめいじんです). The term carries a sense of respect and admiration for the individual's skill and dedication.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5567

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Long life

Reading

Kanji

長Long, Leader 生Life

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '長生き (ながいき)' means 'long life' or 'longevity'. It is used to describe the state of living a long life, often with the implication of good health and well-being. This term is commonly used in contexts wishing someone a long and healthy life, such as in greetings or blessings. For example: I hope you live a long life「長生きしてください」(ながいきしてください). My grandmother lived a long life「私の祖母は長生きしました」(わたしのそぼはながいきしました). It can also be used in expressions like '長生きの秘訣 (ながいきのひけつ)' which means 'the secret to a long life'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5644

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grow

Reading

Kanji

生Life

Explanation

The Japanese verb '生やす (はやす)' means 'to grow' or 'to let grow'. It is often used in the context of growing hair, plants, or other things that naturally extend or develop over time. For example: he grew a beard「彼はひげを生やした」(かれはひげをはやした). I let my hair grow long「私は髪を長く生やした」(わたしはかみをながくはやした). This verb implies an intentional or deliberate action of allowing something to grow, rather than it happening naturally.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5646

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Raw

Reading

Kanji

生Life

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '生 (なま)' primarily means 'raw' or 'uncooked'. It is commonly used to describe food that is not cooked, such as raw fish or raw vegetables. Additionally, it can also imply something being 'live' or 'unprocessed', such as in the context of live broadcasts or unedited recordings. Example sentences: I ate raw fish「生の魚を食べた」(なまのさかなをたべた). This is a live broadcast「これは生放送です」(これはなまほうそうです). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe something in its natural or unaltered state.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5647

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Precedence

Reading

Kanji

先Before, Previous 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese noun '先行 (せんこう)' refers to something that comes before or takes precedence over others. It is often used in contexts where timing, order, or priority is important, such as in business, research, or planning. For example: The new model takes precedence over the old one「新しいモデルが先行する」(あたらしいモデルがせんこうする). In research, preliminary studies are essential「研究では先行研究が重要だ」(けんきゅうではせんこうけんきゅうがじゅうようだ). The term can also imply being ahead in a competitive or developmental sense, such as a company leading in technology「その会社は技術で先行している」(そのかいしゃはぎじゅつでせんこうしている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5844

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dozens

Reading

Kanji

何What 十Ten

Explanation

The Japanese noun '何十 (なんじゅう)' means 'dozens'. It is used to indicate an unspecified number of items, typically in the range of tens. This word is often used when the exact number is not important or when the speaker wants to emphasize that there are many items. For example: There are dozens of books「何十冊もの本がある」(なんじゅうさつものほんがある). Dozens of people attended the event「何十人もの人がイベントに参加した」(なんじゅうにんものひとがイベントにさんかした). Note that '何十' is often followed by a counter (e.g., 冊 for books, 人 for people) to specify what is being counted.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5912

Composition

kanji

Handwriting