Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Kanji School Grade

word

Meaning

Square

Reading

Kanji

平Flat 方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '平方 (へいほう)' refers to 'square' in the mathematical sense, specifically indicating the square of a number or a unit of area. It is commonly used in contexts involving mathematics, geometry, and measurements. For example: the square of 5 is 25「5の平方は25です」(ごのへいほうはにじゅうごです). This room is 20 square meters「この部屋は20平方メートルです」(このへやはにじゅうへいほうメートルです). The term is often paired with units of measurement, such as '平方メートル (へいほうメートル)' (square meters) or '平方キロメートル (へいほうキロメートル)' (square kilometers).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6277

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Weekday

Reading

Kanji

平Flat 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '平日 (へいじつ)' refers to a 'weekday', specifically the days from Monday to Friday when most people work or attend school. It excludes weekends (Saturday and Sunday) and public holidays. This term is commonly used in contexts related to schedules, routines, and business operations. For example: I work on weekdays「平日は仕事です」(へいじつはしごとです). The library is open on weekdays「図書館は平日に開いています」(としょかんはへいじつにあいています). Note that '平日' is often contrasted with '休日 (きゅうじつ)', which means 'holiday' or 'day off'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6287

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Equality

Reading

Kanji

平Flat 等Equal

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '平等 (びょうどう)' means 'equality'. It refers to the state of being equal, especially in status, rights, or opportunities. This term is often used in social, legal, and ethical contexts to describe fairness and impartiality. For example: All people should have equality「すべての人は平等であるべきだ」(すべてのひとはびょうどうであるべきだ). The law guarantees equality「法律は平等を保証する」(ほうりつはびょうどうをほしょうする). Note that '平等' can also be used to describe equal treatment or fairness in various situations, such as in education or employment.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6289

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Equality, Equivalence

Reading

Kanji

同Same 等Equal

Explanation

The Japanese noun '同等 (どうとう)' refers to a state of being equal or equivalent in status, value, or quality. It is often used in formal or technical contexts to compare two or more things that are considered to be on the same level. For example: These two products are of equal quality「これらの製品は同等の品質です」(これらのせいひんはどうとうのひんしつです). The new law grants equal rights to all citizens「新しい法律は全ての市民に同等の権利を与えます」(あたらしいほうりつはすべてのしみんにどうとうのけんりをあたえます). Note that '同等' can also imply a sense of fairness or parity in treatment or conditions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6290

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Equal

Reading

Kanji

対Against 等Equal

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '対等 (たいとう)' means 'equal' or 'on equal terms'. It is used to describe a relationship or situation where two or more parties are of the same status, level, or importance. This term is often used in contexts involving relationships, negotiations, or comparisons. For example: We are equal partners「私たちは対等なパートナーです」(わたしたちはたいとうなパートナーです). They negotiated on equal terms「彼らは対等な条件で交渉した」(かれらはたいとうなじょうけんでこうしょうした). The concept of '対等' emphasizes fairness and balance, and it is commonly used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6291

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hospital room

Reading

Kanji

病Illness 室Room

Explanation

The Japanese noun '病室 (びょうしつ)' refers to a 'hospital room' or 'sickroom'. It is used to describe a room in a hospital where patients stay for treatment or recovery. This word is commonly used in medical contexts or when discussing healthcare facilities. For example: The hospital room is quiet「病室は静かです」(びょうしつはしずかです). She is resting in her hospital room「彼女は病室で休んでいます」(かのじょはびょうしつでやすんでいます). The term emphasizes the specific function of the room as a space for medical care.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6294

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sick person

Reading

Kanji

病Illness 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '病人 (びょうにん)' refers to a 'sick person' or 'patient'. It is used to describe someone who is ill or suffering from a disease. This term is neutral and can be used in various contexts, such as in hospitals, at home, or in general conversation. For example: The sick person is resting「病人は休んでいます」(びょうにんはやすんでいます). We need to take care of the sick person「病人の世話をする必要があります」(びょうにんのせわをするひつようがあります). It is important to note that '病人' is a general term and does not specify the type or severity of the illness.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6295

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Illness, Death

Reading

Kanji

病Illness 死Death

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '病死 (びょうし)' refers to death caused by illness or disease. It is a compound of '病 (びょう)' meaning 'illness' and '死 (し)' meaning 'death'. This term is often used in medical or formal contexts to describe a person's passing due to sickness. For example: He died of illness「彼は病死した」(かれはびょうしした). Many people died from the epidemic「多くの人が伝染病で病死した」(おおくのひとがでんせんびょうでびょうしした). Note that '病死' specifically emphasizes the cause of death being an illness, distinguishing it from other causes like accidents or old age.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6300

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Curve

Reading

Kanji

曲Music, Bend 線Line

Explanation

The Japanese noun '曲線 (きょくせん)' means 'curve'. It refers to a line that is not straight but bends smoothly, often used in contexts like mathematics, art, or describing shapes. For example: The road has many curves「この道は曲線が多い」(このみちはきょくせんがおおい). The artist drew a beautiful curve「その芸術家は美しい曲線を描いた」(そのげいじゅつかはうつくしいきょくせんをえがいた). This word is commonly used in technical, artistic, or everyday descriptions of shapes and paths.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6302

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mission

Reading

Kanji

使Use 命Command, Life

Explanation

The Japanese noun '使命 (しめい)' means 'mission'. This word is used to describe a task or duty that one is assigned or feels compelled to complete, often with a sense of importance or destiny. It can be used in various contexts, such as professional, personal, or even spiritual missions. For example: He felt it was his mission to help others「彼は人を助けることが自分の使命だと思った」(かれはひとをたすけることがじぶんのしめいだとおもった). The company's mission is to innovate「その会社の使命は革新することだ」(そのかいしゃのしめいはかくしんすることだ). This word carries a strong sense of responsibility and purpose.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6315

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sake

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun 本Book, Origin 酒Alcohol, Sake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日本酒 (にほんしゅ)' refers to 'sake', a traditional Japanese alcoholic beverage made from fermented rice. Sake is an integral part of Japanese culture and is often consumed during celebrations, ceremonies, or meals. It can be served warm or cold, depending on the type and personal preference. Example sentences: I like sake「日本酒が好きです」(にほんしゅがすきです). This sake is delicious「この日本酒は美味しい」(このにほんしゅはおいしい). Sake is often paired with Japanese cuisine, enhancing the dining experience.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6322

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Consent, Agreement

Reading

Kanji

同Same 意Idea

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '同意 (どうい)' primarily means 'consent' or 'agreement'. It refers to the act of giving permission or approval, or being in harmony with someone else's opinion or decision. This term is often used in formal or legal contexts, such as contracts or discussions. For example: I got his consent「彼の同意を得た」(かれのどういをえた). We reached an agreement「私たちは同意に達した」(わたしたちはどういにたっした). Note that '同意' can also imply mutual understanding or shared opinion, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6327

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Passage

Reading

Kanji

通Commute, Pass 路Path

Explanation

The Japanese noun '通路 (つうろ)' refers to a 'passage' or 'pathway'. It is commonly used to describe a route or corridor that allows movement from one place to another, such as in buildings, trains, or public spaces. For example: The passage is narrow「通路が狭い」(つうろがせまい). Please keep the passage clear「通路を塞がないでください」(つうろをふさがないでください). This word is often used in contexts like transportation, architecture, or everyday navigation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6335

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cheeky

Reading

Kanji

生Life 意Idea 気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '生意気 (なまいき)' means 'cheeky' or 'impertinent'. It is used to describe someone, often a younger person, who behaves in a way that is overly confident, arrogant, or disrespectful, especially when they lack the experience or status to justify such behavior. For example: That kid is so cheeky「あの子はとても生意気だ」(あのこはとてもなまいきだ). Don't be cheeky to your elders「年上に生意気なことを言うな」(としうえになまいきなことをいうな). The term carries a slightly negative connotation and is often used to scold or criticize someone for their attitude.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6341

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Help

Reading

Kanji

助Help

Explanation

The Japanese noun '助け (たすけ)' means 'help'. It refers to assistance or support provided to someone in need. This word is often used in situations where someone requires aid, whether physical, emotional, or otherwise. For example: I need your help「あなたの助けが必要です」(あなたのたすけがひつようです). He came to my rescue「彼は私の助けに来た」(かれはわたしのたすけにきた). The word can also be used in compound phrases, such as '助け合い (たすけあい)', which means 'mutual help' or 'helping each other'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6350

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Amusement park

Reading

Kanji

遊Play 園Garden 地Ground

Explanation

The Japanese noun '遊園地 (ゆうえんち)' refers to an 'amusement park', a place with various attractions, rides, and entertainment facilities. It is commonly used to describe places like Disneyland or Universal Studios, where people go for leisure and fun. Example sentences: Let's go to the amusement park「遊園地に行きましょう」(ゆうえんちにいきましょう). The amusement park was crowded「遊園地は混んでいた」(ゆうえんちはこんでいた). This word is often associated with family outings or childhood memories.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6361

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Intention

Reading

Kanji

意Idea 向Facing, Yonder

Explanation

The Japanese noun '意向 (いこう)' refers to someone's intention, inclination, or the direction of their thoughts or plans. It is often used in formal or business contexts to discuss decisions, preferences, or future plans. For example: The company's intention is clear「会社の意向は明確です」(かいしゃのいこうはめいかくです). We need to consider their intentions「彼らの意向を考慮する必要があります」(かれらのいこうをこうりょするひつようがあります). This word is commonly used when discussing decisions or plans that involve multiple parties, emphasizing the importance of understanding others' intentions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6409

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Second son

Reading

Kanji

次Next 男Man

Explanation

The Japanese noun '次男 (じなん)' refers to the 'second son' in a family. It is used to specify the birth order of sons, with '次男' being the second male child. This term is often used in formal or familial contexts to describe family structure or inheritance. For example: His second son is a doctor「彼の次男は医者です」(かれのじなんはいしゃです). The second son inherited the family business「次男が家業を継ぎました」(じなんがかぎょうをつぎました). Note that '次男' is distinct from '長男 (ちょうなん)', which refers to the eldest son.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6411

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Premonition

Reading

Kanji

予Beforehand 感Feeling, Sensation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '予感 (よかん)' means 'premonition'. It refers to a feeling or intuition that something is about to happen, often without any concrete evidence. This word is commonly used in contexts where someone senses an upcoming event, whether positive or negative. For example: I had a premonition that something bad would happen「何か悪いことが起こる予感がした」(なにかわるいことがおこるよかんがした). She felt a premonition of good news「彼女は良い知らせの予感を感じた」(かのじょはよいしらせのよかんをかんじた). The word can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as sensing a change in the atmosphere or mood.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6412

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Harmony

Reading

Kanji

調Investigate, Tune 和Peace

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '調和 (ちょうわ)' means 'harmony'. It refers to a state of balance, agreement, or peaceful coexistence between different elements, such as people, ideas, or nature. It is often used in contexts involving relationships, music, art, or societal balance. For example: the harmony of nature「自然の調和」(しぜんのちょうわ). We need to live in harmony with others「他人と調和して生きる必要がある」(たにんとちょうわしていきるひつようがある). This word can also imply a sense of blending or coordination, as in 'color harmony'「色の調和」(いろのちょうわ).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6424

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Adjustment

Reading

Kanji

調Investigate, Tune 整Organize

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '調整 (ちょうせい)' means 'adjustment'. It refers to the act of making small changes to something in order to achieve the desired result or to make it function correctly. This term is commonly used in various contexts, such as adjusting settings on a device, fine-tuning plans, or balancing different elements. For example: I need to adjust the schedule「スケジュールを調整する必要がある」(スケジュールをちょうせいするひつようがある). Please adjust the volume「音量を調整してください」(おんりょうをちょうせいしてください). The term can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as adjusting one's attitude or approach to a situation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6430

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Receiver

Reading

Kanji

受Accept 話Talk

Explanation

The Japanese noun '受話 (じゅわ)' refers to the 'receiver' of a telephone. It specifically denotes the part of the phone that you hold to your ear to listen during a call. This term is often used in technical or formal contexts. Example sentences: Please pick up the receiver「受話器を取ってください」(じゅわきをとってください). The receiver is broken「受話器が壊れています」(じゅわきがこわれています). Note that '受話器 (じゅわき)' is a more common term for 'telephone receiver,' but '受話' alone can still be understood in context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6454

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Considerable, Equivalent

Reading

Kanji

相Mutual 当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '相当 (そうとう)' can mean 'equivalent' or 'considerable'. When used to mean 'equivalent', it refers to something that is equal in value, amount, or meaning. For example: This amount is equivalent to one month's salary「この金額は一ヶ月分の給料に相当する」(このきんがくはいっかげつぶんのきゅうりょうにそうとうする). When used to mean 'considerable', it refers to something that is significant or substantial in degree or amount. For example: He has considerable experience in this field「彼はこの分野で相当な経験を持っている」(かれはこのぶんやでそうとうなけいけんをもっている). The word can also be used as a na-adjective, as in '相当な (そうとうな)', to describe something as considerable or substantial.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6465

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

What, Who

Reading

Kanji

何What 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '何者 (なにもの)' is used to inquire about someone's identity or nature. It can be translated as 'who' or 'what' depending on the context. This word is often used in questions to ask about the identity of a person or the nature of something. For example: Who are you?「あなたは何者ですか？」(あなたはなにものですか？). What kind of person is he?「彼は何者ですか？」(かれはなにものですか？). It is important to note that '何者' can carry a slightly formal or dramatic tone, and is often used in contexts where the speaker is questioning the true nature or identity of someone or something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6471

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dialogue

Reading

Kanji

対Against 談Discuss

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '対談 (たいだん)' refers to a formal or structured conversation, typically between two people, often experts or notable figures, discussing a specific topic. It is commonly used in contexts such as interviews, discussions, or public talks. For example: The dialogue between the two authors was insightful「二人の作家の対談は興味深かった」(ふたりのさっかのたいだんはきょうみぶかかった). They held a dialogue about environmental issues「彼らは環境問題について対談した」(かれらはかんきょうもんだいについてたいだんした). The term emphasizes a two-way exchange of ideas rather than a one-sided conversation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6477

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Appearance

Reading

Kanji

登Ascend 場Place

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '登場 (とうじょう)' primarily means 'appearance' or 'entry onto a stage or scene'. It is commonly used to describe someone or something making an appearance in a particular setting, such as in a play, movie, or event. For example: The hero appeared on stage「ヒーローが登場した」(ヒーローがとうじょうした). A new character appeared in the story「新しいキャラクターが物語に登場した」(あたらしいキャラクターがものがたりにとうじょうした). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe the introduction of new ideas, products, or trends into a market or discussion. For instance: A new technology appeared in the market「新しい技術が市場に登場した」(あたらしいぎじゅつがしじょうにとうじょうした).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6480

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mountain climbing

Reading

Kanji

登Ascend 山Mountain

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '登山 (とざん)' refers to the activity of climbing mountains. It is commonly used to describe the act of hiking or climbing mountains as a recreational or sporting activity. For example: I enjoy mountain climbing「私は登山が好きです」(わたしはとざんがすきです). They went mountain climbing last weekend「彼らは先週末に登山に行きました」(かれらはせんしゅうまつにとざんにいきました). The term can also be used in a broader sense to refer to the act of ascending any steep or elevated terrain, not just mountains.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6483

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

School attendance

Reading

Kanji

登Ascend 校School

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '登校 (とうこう)' refers to the act of attending school or going to school. It is commonly used in contexts related to students' daily routines, school schedules, or discussions about education. For example: He is late for school attendance「彼は登校に遅れている」(かれはとうこうにおくれている). School attendance is mandatory「登校は義務です」(とうこうはぎむです). This term is often used in formal or educational settings and can be part of phrases like '登校日 (とうこうび)' (school attendance day) or '登校時間 (とうこうじかん)' (school attendance time).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6484

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mountain climbing

Reading

Kanji

山Mountain 登Ascend

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '山登り (やまのぼり)' refers to the activity of 'mountain climbing'. It is used to describe the act of ascending mountains, often as a recreational or sporting activity. This term can be used in various contexts, such as discussing hobbies, travel plans, or physical activities. For example: I enjoy mountain climbing「私は山登りが好きです」(わたしはやまのぼりがすきです). They went mountain climbing last weekend「彼らは先週末に山登りに行きました」(かれらはせんしゅうまつにやまのぼりにいきました). It is important to note that '山登り' specifically refers to climbing mountains, not just any type of climbing.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6485

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gods

Reading

Kanji

神God

Explanation

The Japanese noun '神々 (かみがみ)' refers to 'gods' in a plural sense, often used to describe multiple deities or divine beings. This term is commonly used in religious, mythological, or spiritual contexts. For example: the gods protect this land「神々がこの土地を守っている」(かみがみがこのとちをまもっている). In ancient stories, the gods descended from the heavens「昔の物語では、神々が天から降りてきた」(むかしのものがたりでは、かみがみがてんからおりてきた). The term emphasizes the plurality of divine entities and is often used in contexts involving mythology or traditional beliefs.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6492

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Order

Reading

Kanji

命Command, Life

Explanation

The Japanese verb '命じる (めいじる)' means 'to order' or 'to command'. It is used when someone in a position of authority gives a directive or instruction to someone else. This verb often implies a formal or authoritative context, such as in military, workplace, or hierarchical settings. For example: The general ordered the soldiers to advance「将軍は兵士たちに前進するよう命じた」(しょうぐんはへいしたちにぜんしんするようめいじた). The boss commanded the employees to finish the report by tomorrow「上司は従業員に明日までにレポートを終えるよう命じた」(じょうしはじゅうぎょういにんにあしたまでにレポートをおえるようめいじた). Note that '命じる' carries a strong sense of authority and is not typically used in casual or informal situations.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6516

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Furniture

Reading

Kanji

家House 具Tool

Explanation

The Japanese noun '家具 (かぐ)' means 'furniture'. It refers to movable objects used to support various human activities such as seating, eating, and sleeping. This includes items like chairs, tables, beds, and cabinets. For example: I bought new furniture「新しい家具を買いました」(あたらしいかぐをかいました). The furniture in this room is expensive「この部屋の家具は高いです」(このへやのかぐはたかいです). The word is commonly used in contexts related to home decor, interior design, and shopping for household items.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6556

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Antipathy

Reading

Kanji

反Anti 感Feeling, Sensation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '反感 (はんかん)' refers to a feeling of strong dislike, opposition, or hostility towards someone or something. It is often used to describe a negative emotional reaction, such as resentment or aversion, that arises in response to a person, idea, or situation. For example: He felt antipathy towards the new policy「彼は新しい政策に反感を持っていた」(かれはあたらしいせいさくにはんかんをもっていた). Her words caused widespread antipathy among the audience「彼女の言葉は聴衆の間に広い反感を引き起こした」(かのじょのことばはちょうしゅうのあいだにひろいはんかんをひきおこした). This term is commonly used in both personal and social contexts to express disapproval or opposition.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6579

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expectation, Prediction

Reading

Kanji

予Beforehand 想Concept

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '予想 (よそう)' can mean either 'prediction' or 'expectation', depending on the context. It refers to an act of foreseeing or anticipating something that might happen in the future. For example: His prediction was correct「彼の予想は正しかった」(かれのよそうはただしかった). We had high expectations for the event「私たちはそのイベントに高い予想をしていた」(わたしたちはそのイベントにたかいよそうをしていた). It is often used in contexts involving forecasts, such as weather predictions or market trends. The nuance can shift slightly depending on whether the focus is on a calculated guess (prediction) or a hopeful anticipation (expectation).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6580

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sheep

Reading

Kanji

羊Sheep

Explanation

The Japanese noun '羊 (ひつじ)' refers to the animal 'sheep'. This word is commonly used in contexts related to animals, farming, or even in idiomatic expressions. For example: The sheep is white「羊は白い」(ひつじはしろい). I saw a sheep in the field「畑で羊を見た」(はたけでひつじをみた). In Japanese culture, sheep are not as commonly referenced as in Western cultures, but they do appear in literature and art. The word can also be used metaphorically to describe someone who is meek or follows others without question, similar to the English idiom 'like a sheep'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6588

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bend

Reading

Kanji

曲Music, Bend

Explanation

The Japanese verb '曲げる (まげる)' means 'to bend'. It is used to describe the action of physically bending something, such as a piece of metal or a limb, or metaphorically bending rules or principles. For example: bend the wire「針金を曲げる」(はりがねをまげる). He bent the rules to help his friend「彼は友達を助けるためにルールを曲げた」(かれはともだちをたすけるためにルールをまげた). The verb can also imply a sense of distortion or alteration, as in bending the truth '真実を曲げる (しんじつをまげる)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6590

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Early modern

Reading

Kanji

近Near 世World, Generation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '近世 (きんせい)' refers to the 'early modern' period in Japanese history, typically spanning from the late 16th century to the mid-19th century. This period includes the Edo period (1603-1868), characterized by the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and significant cultural, economic, and social developments. The term is often used in historical contexts to describe this era. For example: The early modern period was a time of peace「近世は平和な時代だった」(きんせいはいわなじだいだった). Many cultural traditions originated in the early modern period「多くの文化伝統は近世に始まった」(おおくのぶんかでんとうはきんせいにはじまった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6600

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Archipelago

Reading

Kanji

列File 島Island

Explanation

The Japanese noun '列島 (れっとう)' refers to an 'archipelago', which is a chain or cluster of islands. This term is often used in geographical contexts to describe a group of islands that are closely scattered in a body of water. For example: Japan is an archipelago「日本は列島です」(にほんはれっとうです). The Ryukyu Islands form an archipelago「琉球諸島は列島を形成しています」(りゅうきゅうしょとうはれっとうをけいせいしています). The word emphasizes the interconnectedness of the islands within a specific geographical area.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6604

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Turn back

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 返Return

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引き返す (ひきかえす)' means 'to turn back' or 'to return'. It is used when someone or something reverses direction and goes back to a previous location or state. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as physical movement, decisions, or actions. For example: He turned back halfway through the journey「彼は途中で引き返した」(かれはとちゅうでひきかえした). Due to the bad weather, we had to turn back「悪天候のため、引き返さなければならなかった」(あくてんこうのため、ひきかえさなければならなかった). The verb often implies a deliberate decision to go back, rather than simply returning.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6618

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lie

Reading

Kanji

横Sideways

Explanation

The Japanese verb '横たわる (よこたわる)' means 'to lie down' or 'to be lying down'. It is often used to describe a person or object lying horizontally, either on a surface or in a specific position. This verb can also imply a sense of stillness or permanence, such as when describing a body lying in repose. For example: The man lies on the grass「男は草の上に横たわる」(おとこはくさのうえによこたわる). The book lies on the table「本がテーブルの上に横たわっている」(ほんがテーブルのうえによこたわっている). Note that this verb is more formal and less commonly used in everyday conversation compared to '寝る (ねる)' or '横になる (よこになる)', which are more casual ways to express lying down.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6619

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Indicate, Tell

Reading

Kanji

物Thing 語Language, Word

Explanation

The Japanese verb '物語る (ものがたる)' primarily means 'to tell' or 'to narrate', often referring to recounting a story or history. It can also mean 'to indicate' or 'to show', suggesting that something reveals or implies a deeper meaning or truth. For example: The ruins tell the story of an ancient civilization「遺跡は古代文明の物語を物語っている」(いせきはこだいぶんめいのものがたりをものがたっている). His actions indicate his true intentions「彼の行動は彼の本当の意図を物語っている」(かれのこうどうはかれのほんとうのいとをものがたっている). This verb is often used in formal or literary contexts to describe how something conveys a narrative or reveals underlying truths.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6631

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Postcard

Reading

Kanji

葉Leaf 書Write

Explanation

The Japanese noun '葉書 (はがき)' refers to a 'postcard'. It is a rectangular piece of thick paper or thin cardboard intended for writing and mailing without an envelope. Postcards are often used for short messages, greetings, or as souvenirs. They typically feature a picture or design on one side and space for a message, address, and stamp on the other. Example sentences: I bought a postcard at the souvenir shop「おみやげやで葉書を買いました」(おみやげやではがきをかいました). Please send me a postcard from your trip「旅行から葉書を送ってください」(りょこうからはがきをおくってください).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6663

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deepen

Reading

Kanji

深Deep

Explanation

The Japanese verb '深まる (ふかまる)' means 'to deepen'. It is used to describe a situation, feeling, or relationship becoming more intense, profound, or serious. This verb is often used in contexts where emotions, understanding, or connections grow stronger over time. For example: Their relationship deepened「彼らの関係は深まった」(かれらのかんけいはふかまった). The mystery deepened「謎が深まった」(なぞがふかまった). It can also be used in a more literal sense, such as when describing the deepening of a color or a physical depth, though this is less common. For example: The color of the sky deepened「空の色が深まった」(そらのいろがふかまった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6667

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Careful

Reading

Kanji

注Pour 意Idea 深Deep

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '注意深い (ちゅういぶかい)' means 'careful'. It describes someone who is attentive, cautious, or meticulous in their actions or observations. This word is often used to praise someone's thoroughness or attention to detail. For example: She is a careful observer「彼女は注意深い観察者だ」(かのじょはちゅういぶかいかんさつしゃだ). He listened carefully to the instructions「彼は注意深く指示を聞いた」(かれはちゅういぶかくしじをきいた). The nuance of '注意深い' emphasizes a deliberate and thoughtful approach, often implying a high level of awareness or consideration.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6668

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Overlook

Reading

Kanji

見See 落Fall

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見落とす (みおとす)' means 'to overlook' or 'to miss something'. It is used when someone fails to notice or consider something, often due to carelessness or inattention. This verb is commonly used in situations where details, errors, or important information are missed. For example: I overlooked the mistake in the report「レポートの間違いを見落とした」(レポートのまちがいをみおとした). He missed the small detail in the painting「彼は絵の小さな詳細を見落とした」(かれはえのちいさなしょうさいをみおとした). The verb can also imply a sense of regret or realization after the fact, as in 'I can't believe I overlooked that!'「それを見落としたなんて信じられない！」(それをみおとしたなんてしんじられない！).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6670

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Failure, Flunking

Reading

Kanji

落Fall 第Ordinal number

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '落第 (らくだい)' refers to failing or flunking, particularly in an academic context. It is commonly used to describe failing an exam, a course, or not meeting the required standards to advance to the next level. For example: He failed the exam「彼は試験に落第した」(かれはしけんにらくだいした). If you don't study, you'll flunk「勉強しないと落第するよ」(べんきょうしないとらくだいするよ). This term carries a strong connotation of not meeting expectations and is often used in educational settings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6671

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Physical education

Reading

Kanji

体Body 育Raise, Grow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '体育 (たいいく)' refers to 'physical education'. It is commonly used in the context of school education, where students engage in physical activities and sports as part of their curriculum. For example: We have physical education today「今日は体育があります」(きょうはたいいくがあります). Physical education is important for health「体育は健康に重要です」(たいいくはけんこうにじゅうようです). The term emphasizes the educational aspect of physical activities, distinguishing it from casual exercise or sports.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6673

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Distribution

Reading

Kanji

流Flow 通Commute, Pass

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '流通 (りゅうつう)' refers to the process of distributing goods, products, or information. It is commonly used in contexts related to commerce, logistics, and economics. For example: The distribution of goods is efficient「商品の流通が効率的だ」(しょうひんのりゅうつうがこうりつてきだ). Information flows quickly in this network「このネットワークでは情報の流通が速い」(このネットワークではじょうほうのりゅうつうがはやい). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe the circulation of ideas or trends.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6679

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Middle class

Reading

Kanji

中Center 流Flow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '中流 (ちゅうりゅう)' refers to the 'middle class' in a socioeconomic context. It is commonly used to describe a social class that is neither wealthy nor poor, often characterized by moderate income and lifestyle. This term can be used in discussions about society, economics, or personal status. For example: They belong to the middle class「彼らは中流です」(かれらはちゅうりゅうです). The middle class is shrinking「中流が縮小している」(ちゅうりゅうがしゅくしょうしている). Note that '中流' can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is average or moderate in quality or status, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6680

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Second rate

Reading

Kanji

二Two 流Flow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '二流 (にりゅう)' refers to something or someone that is considered 'second-rate' or of lower quality compared to the best or top-tier. It is often used to describe things, people, or groups that are not at the highest level of excellence or prestige. For example: he is a second-rate artist「彼は二流の芸術家だ」(かれはにりゅうのげいじゅつかだ). This restaurant is second-rate「このレストランは二流だ」(このレストランはにりゅうだ). The term can carry a slightly negative connotation, implying mediocrity or lack of distinction.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6682

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Epidemic, Trend

Reading

Kanji

流Flow 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '流行 (りゅうこう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'trend', referring to something that is currently popular or fashionable. For example: This hairstyle is trending now「このヘアスタイルが今流行している」(このヘアスタイルがいまりゅうこうしている). The second meaning is 'epidemic', referring to the rapid spread of a disease. For example: The flu is spreading rapidly「インフルエンザが流行している」(インフルエンザがりゅうこうしている). The context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended, but both meanings are widely used in everyday conversation and media.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6693

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Face

Reading

Kanji

向Facing, Yonder 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verb '向き合う (むきあう)' means 'to face' or 'to confront'. It is used to describe the act of facing someone or something, either physically or emotionally. This verb often implies a sense of directness and engagement, whether it be in a physical confrontation or an emotional challenge. For example: we need to face our problems「私たちは問題に向き合う必要がある」(わたしたちはもんだいにむきあうひつようがある). He faced his opponent bravely「彼は勇敢に相手に向き合った」(かれはゆうかんにあいてにむきあった). The verb can also be used in a more literal sense, such as facing a direction or object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6710

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Etc

Reading

Kanji

等Equal

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '等々 (とうとう)' is used to indicate that there are additional items or examples that are not explicitly listed, similar to 'etc.' or 'and so on' in English. It is often used in both formal and informal contexts to imply a continuation of a list without specifying every item. For example: I bought apples, oranges, etc.「りんごやオレンジ等々を買いました」(りんごやオレンジとうとうをかいました). The meeting discussed budgets, schedules, etc.「会議では予算やスケジュール等々について話し合いました」(かいぎではよさんやスケジュールとうとうについてはなしあいました). This suffix is versatile and can be used in various contexts to avoid listing every single item or detail.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6738

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pro baseball

Reading

Kanji

野Field 球Ball

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'プロ野球 (プロやきゅう)' refers to 'professional baseball' in Japan. It specifically denotes the organized league of professional baseball teams and players in the country. This term is widely used in sports contexts and media. Example sentences: I enjoy watching professional baseball「プロ野球を見るのが好きです」(プロやきゅうをみるのがすきです). He plays in professional baseball「彼はプロ野球でプレーしています」(かれはプロやきゅうでプレーしています). The term is distinct from amateur or school baseball leagues.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6741

Composition

kanji-katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bulb

Reading

Kanji

電Electricity 球Ball

Explanation

The Japanese noun '電球 (でんきゅう)' refers to an electric light bulb, which is a device that produces light from electricity. This term is commonly used in everyday contexts when discussing lighting, fixtures, or household items. For example: The bulb is broken「電球が壊れている」(でんきゅうがこわれている). I need to replace the bulb「電球を交換する必要がある」(でんきゅうをこうかんするひつようがある). The word is neutral in tone and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6742

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cross

Reading

Kanji

横Sideways 切Cut

Explanation

The Japanese verb '横切る (よこぎる)' means 'to cross' or 'to go across'. It is used to describe the action of moving from one side of something to the other, such as crossing a street, a room, or a field. This verb often implies a horizontal or lateral movement. For example: The cat crossed the street「猫が道を横切った」(ねこがみちをよこぎった). A bird flew across the sky「鳥が空を横切った」(とりがそらをよこぎった). The verb can also be used metaphorically, such as when something interrupts or cuts across a situation or conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6788

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Profile

Reading

Kanji

横Sideways 顔Face

Explanation

The Japanese noun '横顔 (よこがお)' refers to the side view or profile of a person's face. It is often used to describe someone's appearance from the side, emphasizing features like the nose, jawline, or cheekbones. This word can carry a poetic or aesthetic nuance, as it is sometimes used to highlight beauty or elegance. For example: Her profile is beautiful「彼女の横顔は美しい」(かのじょのよこがおはうつくしい). I saw his profile in the sunset「彼の横顔を夕日の中で見た」(かれのよこがおをゆうひのなかでみた). Note that '横顔' is distinct from '正面 (しょうめん)', which refers to the front view of a face.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6789

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Next

Reading

Kanji

次Next

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '次いで (ついで)' means 'next' or 'following'. It is used to indicate the order of events, actions, or items in a sequence. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to describe what comes immediately after something else. For example: The first prize went to John, and next was Mary「一等賞はジョンで、次いでメアリーだった」(いっとうしょうはジョンで、ついでメアリーだった). After the main course, next came dessert「メインコースの次いでデザートが出た」(メインコースのついでデザートがでた). Note that '次いで' is more formal than '次に (つぎに)', which is a more common way to say 'next' in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6795

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Station front

Reading

Kanji

駅Station 前Before, Front

Explanation

The Japanese noun '駅前 (えきまえ)' refers to the area in front of a train station. This term is commonly used to describe the vicinity or plaza located directly outside a train station, often bustling with shops, restaurants, and other amenities. For example: Let's meet in front of the station「駅前で会いましょう」(えきまえであいましょう). There are many shops in front of the station「駅前にたくさんのお店があります」(えきまえにたくさんのおみせがあります). The term is frequently used in daily conversations and is a key landmark in urban areas.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6839

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Emphasis, Key point

Reading

Kanji

重Heavy 点Point

Explanation

The Japanese noun '重点 (じゅうてん)' refers to the main point, emphasis, or focal point of something. It is often used to describe the central idea or the most important aspect of a topic, plan, or discussion. For example: The emphasis is on quality「重点は品質にあります」(じゅうてんはひんしつにあります). The keypoint of the plan is cost reduction「計画の重点はコスト削減です」(けいかくのじゅうてんはコストさくげんです). This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to highlight what is most critical or significant.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6848

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inquiry

Reading

Kanji

問Question, Problem 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese noun '問い合わせ (といあわせ)' refers to an 'inquiry' or 'query'. It is commonly used in formal or business contexts to describe a request for information or clarification. For example: I made an inquiry about the product「製品について問い合わせをしました」(せいひんについてといあわせをしました). Please contact us for any inquiries「ご質問はお問い合わせください」(ごしつもんはおといあわせください). This term is often seen in customer service settings, websites, or official communications.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6849

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Compatibility

Reading

Kanji

両Both 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '両立 (りょうりつ)' refers to the state of two or more things being compatible or able to coexist without conflict. It is often used in contexts where balancing or maintaining multiple responsibilities, goals, or conditions is necessary. For example: balancing work and family is difficult「仕事と家庭の両立は難しい」(しごとかていのりょうりつはむずかしい). It is also used in academic or professional settings to describe the compatibility of theories or systems. For instance: the compatibility of these two theories is questionable「これらの二つの理論の両立は疑問だ」(これらのふたつのりろんのりょうりつはぎもんだ).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6873

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Both sides

Reading

Kanji

両Both 面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '両面 (りょうめん)' means 'both sides'. It refers to the two sides or aspects of something, whether physical or abstract. For example: This paper has print on both sides「この紙は両面に印刷がある」(このかみはりょうめんにいんさつがある). The issue has both positive and negative sides「その問題は両面がある」(そのもんだいはりょうめんがある). The term is often used in contexts where considering multiple perspectives or aspects is important, such as in discussions, debates, or when describing objects with two distinct sides.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6875

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Transform

Reading

Kanji

化Change

Explanation

The Japanese verb '化する (かする)' means 'to transform' or 'to change into'. It is often used to describe a process where something undergoes a significant change in form, nature, or state. This verb is commonly used in both literal and metaphorical contexts. For example: The caterpillar transformed into a butterfly「毛虫が蝶に化した」(けむしがちょうにかした). The situation has turned into a crisis「状況が危機に化した」(じょうきょうがききにかした). Note that '化する' is often used in formal or written contexts and can be combined with nouns to form compound verbs, such as '変化する (へんかする)' (to change) or '悪化する (あっかする)' (to worsen).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6900

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Temperature

Reading

Kanji

気Spirit 温Warm

Explanation

The Japanese noun '気温 (きおん)' refers to the temperature of the air or atmosphere. It is commonly used in weather forecasts, daily conversations, and scientific contexts to describe how hot or cold the environment is. For example: The temperature is high today「今日は気温が高い」(きょうはきおんがたかい). The temperature dropped suddenly「気温が急に下がった」(きおんがきゅうにさがった). This word is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6921

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suffering

Reading

Kanji

苦Suffer

Explanation

The Japanese noun '苦 (く)' refers to 'suffering' or 'hardship'. It is often used in contexts related to physical or emotional pain, difficulties, or challenges. This word is commonly found in Buddhist teachings, where it is one of the fundamental concepts, but it is also used in everyday language to describe personal struggles. For example: life is full of suffering「人生は苦に満ちている」(じんせいはくにみちている). He endured great hardship「彼は大きな苦を耐えた」(かれはおおきなくをたえた). The word can also appear in compounds, such as '苦痛 (くつう)' (pain) or '苦労 (くろう)' (hardship).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6923

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flow, Fluidity

Reading

Kanji

流Flow 動Move

Explanation

The Japanese noun '流動 (りゅうどう)' primarily refers to the concept of 'flow' or 'fluidity'. It is often used in contexts describing the movement of liquids, gases, or even abstract concepts like information or populations. For example: the flow of water「水の流動」(みずのりゅうどう). The fluidity of the situation「状況の流動」(じょうきょうのりゅうどう). This term can also be used metaphorically to describe changes or shifts in circumstances, such as in social or economic contexts. For instance: the fluidity of the job market「就職市場の流動」(しゅうしょくしじょうのりゅうどう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6929

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Advanced

Reading

Kanji

上Up 級Grade, Rank

Explanation

The Japanese noun '上級 (じょうきゅう)' refers to an 'advanced' level or rank. It is commonly used in educational or skill-based contexts to describe a higher level of proficiency, such as in language learning, martial arts, or professional training. For example: I am studying at the advanced level「私は上級を勉強しています」(わたしはじょうきゅうをべんきょうしています). This course is for advanced students「このコースは上級者向けです」(このコースはじょうきゅうしゃむけです). The term can also be used to describe higher ranks in organizations or hierarchies.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6946

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Water surface

Reading

Kanji

水Water 面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '水面 (すいめん)' refers to the surface of water, such as that of a lake, river, or ocean. It is often used in contexts related to nature, scenery, or reflections. For example: The moonlight reflected on the water's surface「月の光が水面に反射した」(つきのひかりがすいめんにはんしゃした). The calm surface of the lake「湖の静かな水面」(みずうみのしずかなすいめん). This word is commonly used in poetic or descriptive writing to evoke imagery of water.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6947

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cancellation

Reading

Kanji

取Take 消Extinguish

Explanation

The Japanese noun '取り消し (とりけし)' means 'cancellation'. It refers to the act of revoking, nullifying, or canceling something, such as an order, agreement, or reservation. This word is commonly used in formal and informal contexts. For example: The cancellation of the flight was unavoidable「フライトの取り消しは避けられなかった」(フライトのとりけしはさけられなかった). I requested the cancellation of my subscription「私は定期購読の取り消しを依頼した」(わたしはていきこうどくのとりけしをいらいした). Note that '取り消し' is often used in legal, administrative, or business settings to indicate the annulment of a decision or contract.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6949

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Start, Launch

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 足Foot, Sufficient

Explanation

The Japanese noun '発足 (ほっそく)' refers to the beginning or commencement of an organization, project, or movement. It is often used in formal contexts to describe the establishment or initiation of something new. For example: The new committee started its activities「新しい委員会が発足した」(あたらしいいいんかいがほっそくした). The project was launched last month「そのプロジェクトは先月発足した」(そのプロジェクトはせんげつほっそくした). Note that '発足' is typically used for formal or organized initiatives rather than casual beginnings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6951

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chaotic, Absurd

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 茶Tea 苦Suffer

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '目茶苦茶 (めちゃくちゃ)' is used to describe something that is extremely chaotic, disordered, or absurd. It can refer to physical states, situations, or even abstract concepts. For example: The room was in complete chaos「部屋は目茶苦茶だった」(へやはめちゃくちゃだった). His explanation was completely absurd「彼の説明は目茶苦茶だった」(かれのせつめいはめちゃくちゃだった). This word is often used in casual conversation and carries a strong emphasis on the extreme nature of the disorder or absurdity.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6981

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Landlord

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 主Master

Explanation

The Japanese noun '地主 (じぬし)' refers to a 'landlord', specifically someone who owns land or property and rents it out to others. This term is often used in the context of real estate or agriculture, where the landlord may lease land to farmers or tenants. For example: The landlord owns many fields「地主は多くの畑を持っている」(じぬしはおおくのはたけをもっている). The tenant pays rent to the landlord「借り手は地主に家賃を払う」(かりてはじぬしにやちんをはらう). This term can also carry historical or cultural connotations, as land ownership has been a significant aspect of Japanese society.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6989

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Existence

Reading

Kanji

有Exist

Explanation

The Japanese noun '有り (ある)' refers to the concept of existence or presence. It is often used in formal or written contexts to indicate that something exists or is present. For example: There is a solution「解決策が有り」(かいけつさくがあり). There is a possibility「可能性が有り」(かのうせいがあり). This word is less commonly used in casual conversation, where 'ある' (without the kanji) is more typical. It carries a slightly more formal or literary tone.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7004

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Double

Reading

Kanji

倍Double, Times

Explanation

The Japanese noun '倍 (ばい)' means 'double' or 'times'. It is used to indicate multiplication or an increase in quantity. For example: the price doubled「値段が倍になった」(ねだんがばいになった). This room is twice as big「この部屋は倍の広さだ」(このへやはばいのひろさだ). It can also be used in mathematical contexts, such as 'two times three is six'「2倍の3は6」(にばいのさんはろく). Note that '倍' is often used with numbers or quantities to express multiples.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7021

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Business, Opening

Reading

Kanji

開Open 業Business

Explanation

The Japanese noun '開業 (かいぎょう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'opening', specifically referring to the act of opening a new business or establishment. The second meaning is 'business', referring to the operation or running of a business. This word is commonly used in contexts related to starting or managing a business. For example: The opening of the new store is next week「新しい店の開業は来週です」(あたらしいみせのかいぎょうはらいしゅうです). He is in the business of running a restaurant「彼はレストランの開業をしています」(かれはレストランのかいぎょうをしています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7036

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Messenger

Reading

Kanji

使Use 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '使者 (ししゃ)' means 'messenger'. This term is used to refer to someone who is sent to deliver a message or perform a task on behalf of another person or organization. It carries a formal or official connotation, often implying that the messenger is acting under authority. For example: The king sent a messenger「王は使者を送った」(おうはししゃをおくった). The messenger delivered the important news「使者は重要な知らせを届けた」(ししゃはじゅうようなしらせをとどけた). This word is typically used in contexts involving diplomacy, official communications, or significant announcements.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7038

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Entitle

Reading

Kanji

題Topic

Explanation

The Japanese verb '題する (だいする)' means 'to entitle' or 'to give a title to something'. It is often used in formal or literary contexts when referring to the act of naming or titling a work, such as a book, article, or piece of art. For example: He entitled his novel 'The Wind'「彼は小説に『風』と題した」(かれはしょうせつに『かぜ』とだいした). This painting is entitled 'Sunset'「この絵は『夕日』と題されている」(このえは『ゆうひ』とだいされている). Note that this verb is less commonly used in everyday conversation and is more typical in written or academic contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7044

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Director

Reading

Kanji

院Institution 長Long, Leader

Explanation

The Japanese noun '院長 (いんちょう)' refers to the director or head of an institution, particularly in contexts such as hospitals, clinics, or other medical facilities. It is a formal title used to denote the person in charge. For example: The director of the hospital is very kind「院長はとても親切です」(いんちょうはとてもしんせつです). I spoke with the clinic director「院長と話しました」(いんちょうとはなしました). This term is specific to institutional leadership and is not used in casual or general contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7054

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Surroundings, Belongings

Reading

Kanji

身Body, Self 回Revolve, Times

Explanation

The Japanese noun '身の回り (みのまわり)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'surroundings', referring to the immediate environment or area around a person. The second meaning is 'belongings', referring to personal items or things one uses daily. For example: She keeps her surroundings clean「彼女は身の回りをきれいにしている」(かのじょはみのまわりをきれいにしている). He organized his belongings「彼は身の回りのものを整理した」(かれはみのまわりのものをせいりした). The word is often used in contexts related to personal care, organization, or daily life.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7084

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Appearance

Reading

Kanji

身Body, Self

Explanation

The Japanese noun '身なり (みなり)' refers to one's appearance, particularly in terms of clothing and overall presentation. It is often used to describe how someone is dressed or how they present themselves in public. For example: His appearance is neat「彼の身なりはきちんとしている」(かれのみなりはきちんとしている). She always pays attention to her appearance「彼女はいつも身なりに気をつけている」(かのじょはいつもみなりにきをつけている). The word can also imply a sense of social appropriateness or conformity in one's attire.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7085

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dress

Reading

Kanji

着Arrive, Wear

Explanation

The Japanese verb '着せる (きせる)' means 'to dress' or 'to put clothes on someone'. It is typically used when someone is dressing another person, such as a parent dressing a child. For example: She dressed her child「彼女は子供に服を着せた」(かのじょはこどもにふくをきせた). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe imposing something on someone, such as blame or responsibility. For example: They blamed him for the mistake「彼らは彼に責任を着せた」(かれらはかれにせきにんをきせた). Note that this verb is transitive and requires an object, as it involves dressing someone else rather than oneself.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7120

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Something

Reading

Kanji

何What 物Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '何物 (なにもの)' means 'something' or 'anything'. It is often used in a philosophical or rhetorical context to question the nature or essence of something. For example: What is this thing?「これは何物ですか？」(これはなにものですか？). It can also be used to emphasize the uniqueness or significance of something. For example: He is no ordinary person, he is something else「彼は普通の人ではない、何物かだ」(かれはふつうのひとではない、なにものかだ). Note that '何物' is more formal and less commonly used in everyday conversation compared to '何か (なにか)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7134

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rice planting

Reading

Kanji

田Rice field 植Plant

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '田植え (たうえ)' refers to the act of planting rice seedlings in a paddy field. This term is deeply rooted in Japanese agriculture and culture, as rice has been a staple food in Japan for centuries. The process of '田植え' is typically carried out during the rainy season in early summer. For example: Rice planting is hard work「田植えは大変な仕事です」(たうえはたいへんなしごとです). They started rice planting early in the morning「彼らは朝早く田植えを始めました」(かれらはあさはやくたうえをはじめました). This term is often used in contexts related to farming, rural life, and traditional Japanese practices.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7184

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cutting board

Reading

Kanji

板Board

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'まな板 (まないた)' refers to a 'cutting board', a flat surface used in cooking for cutting and preparing food. It is an essential tool in Japanese kitchens, often made from wood or plastic. Example sentences: Please wash the cutting board after use「まな板を使った後で洗ってください」(まないたをつかったあとであらってください). I bought a new cutting board「新しいまな板を買いました」(あたらしいまないたをかいました). The word is commonly used in everyday cooking contexts and is straightforward in its meaning.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7185

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Spoken language

Reading

Kanji

話Talk 言Say 葉Leaf

Explanation

The Japanese noun '話し言葉 (はなしことば)' refers to 'spoken language' or 'colloquial speech'. It is used to describe the language that is spoken in everyday conversations, as opposed to written language or formal speech. This term is often used in contrast to '書き言葉 (かきことば)', which means 'written language'. For example: Spoken language is different from written language「話し言葉は書き言葉と違う」(はなしことばはかきことばとちがう). In spoken language, people often use contractions「話し言葉では、よく短縮形が使われる」(はなしことばでは、よくたんしゅくけいがつかわれる).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7187

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Leaf

Reading

Kanji

葉Leaf

Explanation

The Japanese noun '葉っぱ (はっぱ)' means 'leaf'. It is a casual and commonly used term to refer to the leaves of plants or trees. The word is often used in everyday conversation and has a friendly, approachable tone. For example: The leaves are falling「葉っぱが落ちている」(はっぱがおちている). I picked up a beautiful leaf「きれいな葉っぱを拾った」(きれいなはっぱをひろった). Note that '葉っぱ' is a more colloquial form of '葉 (は)', which also means 'leaf' but is slightly more formal.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7189

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Classmate

Reading

Kanji

同Same 級Grade, Rank 生Life

Explanation

The Japanese noun '同級生 (どうきゅうせい)' refers to a 'classmate', specifically someone who is in the same grade or class at school. This term emphasizes the shared educational environment and is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts. For example: My classmate is very kind「私の同級生はとても親切です」(わたしのどうきゅうせいはとてもしんせつです). I met my old classmate yesterday「昨日、昔の同級生に会いました」(きのう、むかしのどうきゅうせいにあいました). The word is often used to describe relationships formed during school years and carries a sense of camaraderie or shared experiences.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7190

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Intermediate

Reading

Kanji

中Center 級Grade, Rank

Explanation

The Japanese noun '中級 (ちゅうきゅう)' refers to an intermediate level of proficiency or skill, often used in the context of language learning, education, or skill development. It is commonly used to describe a level between beginner and advanced. For example: I am at an intermediate level in Japanese「私は日本語が中級です」(わたしはにほんごがちゅうきゅうです). This course is for intermediate students「このコースは中級者向けです」(このコースはちゅうきゅうしゃむけです). The term is often used in educational settings to categorize classes, textbooks, or exams.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7191

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expulsion, Banishment

Reading

Kanji

追Follow 放Release

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '追放 (ついほう)' refers to the act of expelling or banishing someone or something. It is often used in contexts where a person is forced to leave a place, group, or organization, or when something is removed or eliminated. For example: The dictator was banished from the country「独裁者は国から追放された」(どくさいしゃはくにからついほうされた). The company expelled the corrupt employee「会社は不正な従業員を追放した」(かいしゃはふせいなじゅうぎょういんをついほうした). This term can also be used metaphorically, such as expelling harmful ideas or practices.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7204

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Perfectly round

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 丸Round

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '真ん丸 (まんまる)' means 'perfectly round.' It is used to describe something that is completely circular or round in shape, often with a positive connotation of cuteness or perfection. This word is commonly used to describe objects like balls, faces, or other round items. Example: The moon is perfectly round tonight 「今夜の月は真ん丸だ」 (こんやのつきはまんまるだ). The baby's face is perfectly round 「赤ちゃんの顔は真ん丸だ」 (あかちゃんのかおはまんまるだ). Note that '真ん丸' is a colloquial term and is often used in conversational contexts.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7251

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Teacup

Reading

Kanji

湯Hot water 飲Drink

Explanation

The Japanese noun '湯飲み (ゆのみ)' refers to a teacup, specifically a cup used for drinking tea. It is commonly used in Japanese households and tea ceremonies. The word is a combination of '湯 (ゆ)', meaning hot water or tea, and '飲み (のみ)', meaning drinking. Example sentences: Please pass me the teacup「湯飲みを取ってください」(ゆのみをとってください). This teacup is beautiful「この湯飲みはきれいです」(このゆのみはきれいです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7288

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Steam

Reading

Kanji

湯Hot water 気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '湯気 (ゆげ)' refers to 'steam' or 'vapor', specifically the visible mist that rises from hot water or other heated liquids. It is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as when describing steam from a hot bath, tea, or food. For example: The steam from the hot spring is warm「温泉の湯気は温かい」(おんせんのゆげはあたたかい). Steam is rising from the cup of tea「湯気がお茶のカップから立ち上っている」(ゆげがおちゃのカップからたちあがっている). This word is often associated with warmth and comfort, particularly in Japanese culture, where hot baths and tea are deeply ingrained.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7289

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cavity

Reading

Kanji

虫Insect 歯Tooth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '虫歯 (むしば)' refers to a dental cavity or tooth decay. It is commonly used in medical or everyday contexts to describe a condition where a tooth has been damaged by decay. For example: I have a cavity「虫歯があります」(むしばがあります). You should go to the dentist for your cavity「虫歯を治すために歯医者に行くべきです」(むしばをなおすためにはいしゃにいくべきです). The term is often associated with poor dental hygiene or excessive sugar consumption.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7293

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fields

Reading

Kanji

田Rice field 畑Field

Explanation

The Japanese noun '田畑 (たはた)' refers to cultivated fields, specifically rice fields (田) and other crop fields (畑). It is used to describe agricultural land where crops are grown. This word is often used in rural or farming contexts. For example: the fields stretch far and wide「田畑が広がっている」(たはたがひろがっている). Farmers work in the fields「農家は田畑で働く」(のうかはたはたではたらく). Note that '田畑' is a compound noun combining two types of fields, emphasizing the broader agricultural landscape.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7302

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Irony, Sarcasm

Reading

Kanji

皮Skin 肉Meat

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '皮肉 (ひにく)' can mean both 'sarcasm' and 'irony'. It is used to describe situations, remarks, or expressions that convey a meaning opposite to what is literally stated, often with a mocking or critical tone. For example: His sarcastic remark hurt her feelings「彼の皮肉な発言は彼女の気持ちを傷つけた」(かれのひにくなはつげんはかのじょのきもちをきずつけた). It's ironic that the firefighter's house burned down「消防士の家が燃えたのは皮肉だ」(しょうぼうしのいえがもえたのはひにくだ). The word can also be used to describe situations where the outcome is contrary to what was expected, highlighting a twist of fate or unexpected result.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7305

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stationery

Reading

Kanji

筆Brush 記Record 用Use 具Tool

Explanation

The Japanese noun '筆記用具 (ひっきようぐ)' refers to 'stationery' or 'writing utensils'. It is a general term used to describe tools or instruments used for writing, such as pens, pencils, erasers, and notebooks. This word is commonly used in educational or office settings. For example: I bought new stationery「新しい筆記用具を買いました」(あたらしいひっきようぐをかいました). Please bring your stationery to the meeting「会議に筆記用具を持ってきてください」(かいぎにひっきようぐをもってきてください). The term emphasizes items specifically used for writing or taking notes, distinguishing it from other types of office supplies.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7332

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flute

Reading

Kanji

笛Flute

Explanation

The Japanese noun '笛 (ふえ)' refers to a 'flute', a musical instrument that produces sound from the flow of air across an opening. It is commonly used in traditional Japanese music, but can also refer to flutes in general. Example sentences: He plays the flute「彼は笛を吹く」(かれはふえをふく). The sound of the flute is beautiful「笛の音が美しい」(ふえのねがうつくしい). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that resembles the sound or shape of a flute, though this is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7333

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Passbook

Reading

Kanji

通Commute, Pass 帳Notebook

Explanation

The Japanese noun '通帳 (つうちょう)' refers to a 'passbook', which is a small book issued by a bank or financial institution to record transactions such as deposits, withdrawals, and balances. It is commonly used in Japan for managing savings accounts. For example: I forgot my passbook at home「通帳を家に忘れました」(つうちょうをいえにわすれました). Please bring your passbook to the bank「通帳を銀行に持ってきてください」(つうちょうをぎんこうにもってきてください). The word is specific to financial contexts and is essential for traditional banking in Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7344

Composition

kanji

Handwriting