Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Kanji School Grade

word

Meaning

Situation

Reading

Kanji

事Thing 態Appearance, Condition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '事態 (じたい)' refers to a 'situation' or 'state of affairs', often implying a critical, serious, or unexpected condition. It is commonly used to describe circumstances that require attention or action. For example: The situation is serious「事態は深刻だ」(じたいはしんこくだ). We must respond to this situation「この事態に対応しなければならない」(このじたいにたいおうしなければならない). The word is often used in formal or news contexts to describe events or developments that have significant implications.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1952

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Year after next

Reading

Kanji

再Again, Twice 来Come 年Year

Explanation

The Japanese noun '再来年 (さらいねん)' refers to 'the year after next'. It is used to indicate a time two years from the current year. This term is commonly used in planning or discussing future events that are not immediate but still within a relatively near timeframe. For example: I will graduate the year after next「再来年に卒業します」(さらいねんにそつぎょうします). We are planning to move the year after next「再来年に引っ越す予定です」(さらいねんにひっこすよていです). Note that '再来年' is a specific term and should not be confused with '来年 (らいねん)', which means 'next year'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1954

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Woman

Reading

Kanji

婦Lady

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '婦 (ふ)' is used to denote a woman, often in a formal or respectful context. It is commonly appended to other words to specify a type of woman, such as in professional or social roles. For example: a housewife「主婦」(しゅふ). a nurse「看護婦」(かんごふ). It's important to note that while '婦' is traditionally used, some terms are being updated to more gender-neutral language, such as '看護師' (かんごし) for nurse, replacing '看護婦'.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1955

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Month after next

Reading

Kanji

再Again, Twice 来Come 月Moon, Month

Explanation

The Japanese noun '再来月 (さらいげつ)' refers to 'the month after next'. It is used to indicate a time two months ahead from the current month. This term is particularly useful in planning and scheduling contexts. For example: I will travel to Japan the month after next「再来月に日本へ旅行します」(さらいげつににほんへりょこうします). The meeting is scheduled for the month after next「会議は再来月に予定されています」(かいぎはさらいげつによていされています). It's important to note that '再来月' is a specific time reference and should not be confused with '来月 (らいげつ)', which means 'next month'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1959

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Week after next

Reading

Kanji

再Again, Twice 来Come 週Week

Explanation

The Japanese noun '再来週 (さらいしゅう)' refers to 'the week after next'. It is used to indicate a time two weeks from the current week. This term is commonly used in scheduling, planning, or discussing future events. For example: I will visit my grandparents the week after next「再来週に祖父母を訪ねます」(さらいしゅうにそふぼをおとずれます). The meeting is scheduled for the week after next「会議は再来週に予定されています」(かいぎはさらいしゅうによていされています). Note that '再来週' is a specific time expression and should not be confused with '来週 (らいしゅう)', which means 'next week'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1960

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Job, Profession

Reading

Kanji

職Employment

Explanation

The Japanese noun '職 (しょく)' refers to one's job, occupation, or profession. It is commonly used to describe the type of work someone does or their role in a workplace. For example: I am looking for a new job「新しい職を探しています」(あたらしいしょくをさがしています). His profession is a teacher「彼の職は教師です」(かれのしょくはきょうしです). The word can also be used in compound words, such as '転職 (てんしょく)' (changing jobs) or '職業 (しょくぎょう)' (occupation). It is important to note that '職' often carries a formal tone and is typically used in professional or official contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1963

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Okurigana

Reading

Kanji

送Send 仮Temporary 名Name

Explanation

The Japanese noun '送り仮名 (おくりがな)' refers to the kana (hiragana) suffixes that follow kanji in Japanese writing. These kana are used to indicate the inflection of verbs and adjectives, as well as to clarify the reading of kanji. For example, in the verb '食べる (たべる)', the 'べる' part is the okurigana that follows the kanji '食'. Another example is the adjective '高い (たかい)', where 'かい' is the okurigana following the kanji '高'. Okurigana are essential for understanding the correct pronunciation and meaning of words in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1966

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Art museum

Reading

Kanji

美Beautiful 術Art, Technique 館Building

Explanation

The Japanese noun '美術館 (びじゅつかん)' means 'art museum'. It refers to a facility or institution where works of art, such as paintings, sculptures, and other visual arts, are displayed for public viewing. This word is commonly used when discussing cultural activities, tourism, or education. For example: Let's go to the art museum「美術館に行きましょう」(びじゅつかんにいきましょう). The art museum is closed today「美術館は今日休みです」(びじゅつかんはきょうやすみです). The word is often used in contexts related to appreciating or studying art.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1974

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beauty salon

Reading

Kanji

美Beautiful 容Contain, Looks 院Institution

Explanation

The Japanese noun '美容院 (びよういん)' refers to a 'beauty salon' or 'hair salon'. This term is specifically used for establishments that offer hair styling, cutting, and other beauty treatments. It is distinct from '床屋 (とこや)', which refers to a traditional barber shop. For example: I went to the beauty salon yesterday「昨日、美容院に行きました」(きのう、びよういんにいきました). She works at a beauty salon「彼女は美容院で働いています」(かのじょはびよういんではたらいています). The word is commonly used in everyday conversation when discussing personal grooming or beauty routines.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1979

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Premise

Reading

Kanji

前Before, Front 提Present, Submit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '前提 (ぜんてい)' means 'premise'. It refers to a statement or idea that forms the basis for a theory, argument, or conclusion. It is often used in logical, philosophical, or practical discussions to establish a foundational assumption. For example: The premise of the argument is flawed「その議論の前提は間違っている」(そのぎろんのぜんていはまちがっている). Without this premise, the theory falls apart「この前提なしでは、その理論は成り立たない」(このぜんていなしでは、そのりろんはなりたたない). The word can also be used in everyday contexts to refer to assumptions or conditions that must be met before proceeding with something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1981

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Qualification

Reading

Kanji

資Capital, Resources 格Status

Explanation

The Japanese noun '資格 (しかく)' refers to a qualification, certification, or eligibility for something. It is often used in contexts related to professional or academic credentials, such as licenses, degrees, or certifications. For example: I have a teaching qualification「私は教員の資格を持っています」(わたしはきょういんのしかくをもっています). He obtained a qualification in engineering「彼は工学の資格を取得しました」(かれはこうがくのしかくをしゅとくしました). The word can also imply eligibility or the right to do something, such as having the qualification to vote「投票する資格がある」(とうひょうするしかくがある).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1984

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Instruction

Reading

Kanji

指Finger 示Show, Indicate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '指示 (しじ)' means 'instruction' or 'direction'. It refers to guidance or orders given by someone in authority, such as a boss, teacher, or manual. This word is commonly used in professional, educational, or technical contexts. For example: follow the instructions「指示に従ってください」(しじにしたがってください). The teacher gave clear instructions「先生は明確な指示を出した」(せんせいはめいかくなしじをだした). It can also imply a sense of authority or hierarchy, as the person giving the instructions is typically in a position of power or expertise.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1986

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Claim, Assertion

Reading

Kanji

主Master 張Spread, Stretch

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '主張 (しゅちょう)' means 'claim' or 'assertion'. It refers to the act of stating or declaring something firmly, often in the context of expressing an opinion, belief, or position. This word is commonly used in discussions, debates, or when someone is emphasizing their point of view. For example: He made a strong claim about the policy「彼はその政策について強く主張した」(かれはそのせいさくについてつよくしゅちょうした). Her assertion was supported by evidence「彼女の主張は証拠によって裏付けられていた」(かのじょのしゅちょうはしょうこによってうらづけられていた). Note that '主張' can also imply a sense of insistence or determination in one's stance.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2014

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Excess

Reading

Kanji

過Exceed, Error

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '過ぎ (すぎ)' is used to indicate that something is excessive or has gone beyond a certain limit. It is often attached to the stem of verbs or adjectives to convey this meaning. For example: he ate too much「彼は食べ過ぎた」(かれはたべすぎた). This coffee is too sweet「このコーヒーは甘すぎる」(このコーヒーはあますぎる). The suffix can also be used with nouns to indicate that something is too much of a particular thing, as in '働き過ぎ (はたらきすぎ) (overworking)'. It's important to note that '過ぎ' can also be used as a standalone noun meaning 'excess' or 'surplus', but this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2026

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Staff

Reading

Kanji

職Employment 員Member

Explanation

The Japanese noun '職員 (しょくいん)' refers to 'staff' or 'employees' of an organization, institution, or company. It is commonly used to describe people who work in a professional capacity, such as school staff, hospital staff, or office workers. For example: The staff is very helpful「職員はとても親切です」(しょくいんはとてもしんせつです). The hospital staff works hard「病院の職員は一生懸命働いています」(びょういんのしょくいんはいっしょうけんめいはたらいています). This term is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2030

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Absolutely

Reading

Kanji

絶Break off, Extinction 対Against

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '絶対に (ぜったいに)' means 'absolutely' or 'definitely'. It is used to emphasize the certainty or inevitability of something, often in a strong or emphatic way. This adverb can be used in both positive and negative contexts, such as expressing a firm decision, a strong prohibition, or an unchangeable fact. For example: I will absolutely not go「絶対に行かない」(ぜったいにいかない). This is absolutely delicious「これは絶対においしい」(これはぜったいにおいしい). It is important to note that '絶対に' is often used to convey a sense of finality or unbreakable determination.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2033

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Firetruck

Reading

Kanji

消Extinguish 防Prevent, Defend 車Car

Explanation

The Japanese noun '消防車 (しょうぼうしゃ)' refers to a 'firetruck', a vehicle equipped for firefighting. It is commonly used in contexts related to emergency services and firefighting. Example sentences include: The firetruck arrived quickly「消防車がすぐに到着した」(しょうぼうしゃがすぐにとうちゃくした). I saw a firetruck on the way to work「仕事に行く途中で消防車を見た」(しごとにいくとちゅうでしょうぼうしゃをみた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2034

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Temporary

Reading

Kanji

仮Temporary

Explanation

The Japanese noun '仮 (かり)' means 'temporary'. It is often used to describe something that is provisional or not permanent. This word is commonly used in various contexts, such as temporary arrangements, provisional measures, or interim solutions. For example: This is a temporary solution「これは仮の解決策です」(これはかりのかいけつさくです). The temporary bridge was built quickly「仮の橋はすぐに作られました」(かりのはしはすぐにつくられました). It's important to note that '仮' can also be part of compound words, such as '仮名 (かな)' (kana, the Japanese syllabary) or '仮定 (かてい)' (assumption).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2038

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cotton

Reading

Kanji

木Tree, Wood 綿Cotton

Explanation

The Japanese noun '木綿 (もめん)' refers to 'cotton', specifically the material or fabric made from cotton. It is commonly used in contexts related to clothing, textiles, and everyday items. For example: This shirt is made of cotton「このシャツは木綿です」(このシャツはもめんです). Cotton is soft and comfortable「木綿は柔らかくて快適です」(もめんはやわらかくてかいてきです). The word can also refer to cotton plants or cotton fibers, but its primary usage is in describing cotton fabric.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2049

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Establish

Reading

Kanji

設Set up, Establish

Explanation

The Japanese verb '設ける (もうける)' means 'to establish' or 'to set up'. It is commonly used when creating or founding something, such as an organization, system, or rule. This verb often implies a formal or deliberate action. For example: The company established a new branch「会社は新しい支店を設けた」(かいしゃはあたらしいしてんをもうけた). The government set up a new policy「政府は新しい政策を設けた」(せいふはあたらしいせいさくをもうけた). It can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as establishing conditions or opportunities. For instance: They established conditions for cooperation「彼らは協力の条件を設けた」(かれらはきょうりょくのじょうけんをもうけた). Note that this verb is transitive and typically requires an object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2054

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pass, Undergo

Reading

Kanji

経Manage, Elapse

Explanation

The Japanese verb '経る (へる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to pass' in the sense of time or a period elapsing. For example: ten years have passed「十年が経った」(じゅうねんがへった). The second meaning is 'to undergo' or 'to go through' an experience or process. For example: he underwent surgery「彼は手術を経た」(かれはしゅじゅつをへた). This verb is often used in formal or written contexts to describe the passage of time or the completion of a process. It can also imply a transformation or change resulting from the experience.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2060

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Refuse

Reading

Kanji

断Decide, Cut off

Explanation

The Japanese verb '断る (ことわる)' means 'to refuse' or 'to decline'. It is used when someone rejects an offer, request, or invitation. This verb often carries a polite connotation, as it is commonly used in formal or respectful situations. For example: I refused the invitation「招待を断りました」(しょうたいをことわりました). He declined the offer「彼はその申し出を断った」(かれはそのもうしでをことわった). It can also imply a firm or decisive refusal, depending on the context. Note that '断る' is often used in situations where the refusal is communicated clearly and respectfully.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2084

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Increasingly

Reading

Kanji

益Profit, Benefit

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '益々 (ますます)' means 'increasingly' or 'more and more'. It is used to indicate that something is growing or intensifying over time. This word is often used in formal or written contexts, such as business communications, speeches, or literature. For example: The company is increasingly successful「その会社は益々成功しています」(そのかいしゃはますますせいこうしています). The weather is getting colder and colder「天気は益々寒くなっています」(てんきはますますさむくなっています). Note that '益々' is typically used in positive contexts to describe growth or improvement, but it can also be used neutrally to describe any kind of increase.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2113

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Form

Reading

Kanji

形Shape 態Appearance, Condition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '形態 (けいたい)' refers to the 'form' or 'shape' of something, often in a structural or abstract sense. It is commonly used in contexts related to biology, art, or systems to describe the arrangement or configuration of elements. For example: The form of this sculpture is unique「この彫刻の形態は独特だ」(このちょうこくのけいたいはどくとくだ). The company is changing its organizational structure「会社はその組織形態を変えている」(かいしゃはそのそしきけいたいをかえている). This word can also be used in philosophical or theoretical discussions to describe the nature or essence of something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2143

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Blanket

Reading

Kanji

毛Fur 布Cloth, Linen

Explanation

The Japanese noun '毛布 (もうふ)' refers to a 'blanket'. It is commonly used to describe a thick, warm covering used on beds or for wrapping oneself in. This word is often used in everyday contexts, such as when discussing bedding or staying warm. Example sentences: I bought a new blanket「新しい毛布を買いました」(あたらしいもうふをかいました). This blanket is very warm「この毛布はとても暖かいです」(このもうふはとてもあたたかいです). The word '毛布' can also be used metaphorically to describe something that provides comfort or protection, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2144

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Move, Transfer

Reading

Kanji

移Move, Transfer

Explanation

The Japanese verb '移る (うつる)' can mean 'to move' or 'to transfer', depending on the context. When used to mean 'to move', it often refers to physically relocating from one place to another, such as moving to a new house or city. For example: I will move to Tokyo next month「来月東京に移ります」(らいげつとうきょうにうつります). When used to mean 'to transfer', it can refer to the movement of something abstract, such as emotions, diseases, or responsibilities. For example: The cold transferred to my brother「風邪が弟に移った」(かぜがおとうとうにうつった). It's important to note that this verb is often used with the particle に (ni) to indicate the destination or target of the movement or transfer.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2164

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bond, Security

Reading

Kanji

証Evidence 券Ticket

Explanation

The Japanese noun '証券 (しょうけん)' primarily refers to financial securities, such as stocks, bonds, or other tradable financial instruments. It is commonly used in financial and legal contexts. For example: He bought a security「彼は証券を買った」(かれはしょうけんをかった). The company issued bonds「その会社は証券を発行した」(そのかいしゃはしょうけんをはっこうした). Note that while 'security' is the most common translation, in specific contexts, it can also refer to bonds or other financial documents.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2177

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Workplace

Reading

Kanji

職Employment 場Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '職場 (しょくば)' refers to the place where someone works, commonly translated as 'workplace' or 'office'. It is used to describe the physical location or environment where work is conducted. This term is neutral and can be applied to various types of work environments, from corporate offices to factories. Example sentences: I like my workplace「私の職場が好きです」(わたしのしょくばがすきです). The workplace is quiet today「職場は今日静かです」(しょくばはきょうしずかです). It can also be used in a broader sense to refer to the professional environment or community, such as in '職場の人間関係 (しょくばのにんげんかんけい)' (workplace relationships).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2178

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Buddhism

Reading

Kanji

仏Buddha 教Teach

Explanation

The Japanese noun '仏教 (ぶっきょう)' refers to 'Buddhism', the religion and philosophy based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, known as the Buddha. This term is used to describe the religion itself, its practices, and its teachings. For example: Buddhism originated in India「仏教はインドで始まった」(ぶっきょうはインドではじまった). Many Japanese people practice Buddhism「多くの日本人が仏教を信仰している」(おおくのにほんじんがぶっきょうをしんこうしている). The word is often used in contexts related to religion, culture, and history.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2187

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Entrust

Reading

Kanji

任Duty, Responsibility

Explanation

The Japanese verb '任せる (まかせる)' means 'to entrust' or 'to leave something to someone'. It is used when you delegate a task, responsibility, or decision to another person, trusting them to handle it. This verb often implies a sense of reliance or confidence in the person being entrusted. For example: I entrusted the work to him「仕事を彼に任せた」(しごとをかれにまかせた). She left the decision to me「彼女はその決断を私に任せた」(かのじょはそのけつだんをわたしにまかせた). Note that '任せる' can also imply a sense of letting go or not interfering, as in 'I left it to fate'「運命に任せた」(うんめいにまかせた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2205

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rule

Reading

Kanji

規Standard, Regulation 則Rule

Explanation

The Japanese noun '規則 (きそく)' means 'rule' or 'regulation'. It refers to a prescribed guideline or principle that governs behavior, actions, or procedures within a specific context, such as an organization, game, or society. This word is commonly used in formal settings, such as schools, workplaces, or legal systems. For example: follow the rules「規則を守る」(きそくをまもる). The rules of this game are strict「このゲームの規則は厳しい」(このゲームのきそくはきびしい). It can also refer to natural laws or principles, such as the rules of physics「物理の規則」(ぶつりのきそく).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2223

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grandfather

Reading

Kanji

祖Ancestor 父Father

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'お祖父さん (おじいさん)' means 'grandfather'. It is a polite and respectful term used to refer to one's own grandfather or someone else's grandfather. This term is commonly used in both formal and informal settings. For example: My grandfather is kind「私のお祖父さんは優しい」(わたしのおじいさんはやさしい). His grandfather lives in Kyoto「彼のお祖父さんは京都に住んでいます」(かれのおじいさんはきょうとにすんでいます). It's important to note that 'お祖父さん' can also be used to refer to elderly men in general, showing respect and politeness.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2236

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grandmother

Reading

Kanji

祖Ancestor 母Mother

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'お祖母さん (おばあさん)' refers to one's grandmother. It is a polite and respectful term commonly used to address or refer to one's own grandmother or someone else's grandmother. This term is often used in family contexts and carries a sense of affection and respect. For example: my grandmother is kind「私のお祖母さんは優しい」(わたしのおばあさんはやさしい). I visited my grandmother yesterday「昨日、お祖母さんを訪ねました」(きのう、おばあさんをたずねました). It's important to note that 'お祖母さん' can also be used more broadly to refer to elderly women in general, often as a term of respect.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2237

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Earlier

Reading

Kanji

先Before, Previous 程Order, Extent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '先程 (さきほど)' means 'earlier' or 'a short while ago'. It is used to refer to something that happened in the recent past, typically within a short timeframe. This word is often used in formal or polite contexts. For example: I saw him earlier「先程彼を見かけました」(さきほどかれをみかけました). The package arrived earlier「先程荷物が届きました」(さきほどにもつがとどきました). Note that '先程' is more formal than 'さっき', which also means 'a while ago' but is used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2257

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

New years card

Reading

Kanji

年Year 賀Congratulate 状Form, Condition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '年賀状 (ねんがじょう)' refers to a 'New Year's card'. These are special greeting cards sent to friends, family, and colleagues to celebrate the New Year. They often feature traditional designs, such as the zodiac animal of the year, and include messages of good fortune and health. Example sentences: I sent a New Year's card to my friend「友達に年賀状を送りました」(ともだちにねんがじょうをおくりました). Did you receive a New Year's card?「年賀状をもらいましたか？」(ねんがじょうをもらいましたか？).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2266

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Made

Reading

Kanji

製Manufacture

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '製 (せい)' is used to indicate that something is 'made' or 'manufactured' in a specific place or by a specific method. It is commonly attached to the name of a country, region, or company to denote the origin or manufacturer of a product. For example: made in Japan「日本製」(にほんせい). This machine is German-made「この機械はドイツ製です」(このきかいはドイツせいです). The suffix is often used in product descriptions or labels to highlight quality or origin. Note that '製' is a noun suffix and is typically written in kanji.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2274

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Woman

Reading

Kanji

婦Lady 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '婦人 (ふじん)' means 'woman'. This term is often used in formal or polite contexts to refer to adult women. It is commonly seen in phrases like '婦人服 (ふじんふく)' (women's clothing) or '婦人会 (ふじんかい)' (women's association). For example: The woman is wearing a beautiful dress「その婦人は美しいドレスを着ています」(そのふじんはうつくしいドレスをきています). The store sells women's accessories「その店は婦人用のアクセサリーを売っています」(そのみせはふじんようのアクセサリーをうっています). Note that '婦人' is more formal than '女性 (じょせい)', which is also commonly used to mean 'woman'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2277

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Buddha

Reading

Kanji

仏Buddha

Explanation

The Japanese noun '仏 (ほとけ)' primarily refers to 'Buddha', the enlightened being in Buddhism. It can also refer to Buddhist statues or images representing Buddha. This term is deeply rooted in religious and spiritual contexts, often used in temples, during religious ceremonies, or in discussions about Buddhism. For example: I prayed to the Buddha「仏に祈った」(ほとけにいのった). The Buddha statue is very old「その仏像はとても古い」(そのぶつぞうはとてもふるい). Additionally, '仏' can sometimes be used metaphorically to describe someone who is very kind or saintly, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2282

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Commonsense

Reading

Kanji

常Usual, Normal 識Knowledge, Discernment

Explanation

The Japanese noun '常識 (じょうしき)' refers to 'commonsense' or 'general knowledge'. It describes the basic understanding or awareness that is commonly shared by people in a society. This term is often used to refer to what is considered normal or expected behavior in a given context. For example: He lacks commonsense「彼は常識がない」(かれはじょうしきがない). It's common sense to be polite「礼儀正しくするのは常識だ」(れいぎただしくするのはじょうしきだ). The word can also imply societal norms or shared values, and it is frequently used in discussions about cultural expectations or social behavior.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2286

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Will

Reading

Kanji

意Idea 志Intention

Explanation

The Japanese noun '意志 (いし)' refers to 'will' or 'volition'. It describes the mental faculty by which a person decides on and commits to a course of action. This word is often used in contexts involving determination, intention, or resolve. For example: He has a strong will「彼は強い意志を持っている」(かれはつよいいしをもっている). Her will to succeed is admirable「彼女の成功への意志は立派だ」(かのじょのせいこうへのいしはりっぱだ). It can also be used in philosophical or psychological discussions about free will and decision-making.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2290

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Maintain

Reading

Kanji

保Preserve

Explanation

The Japanese verb '保つ (たもつ)' means 'to maintain' or 'to keep'. It is used to describe the act of preserving a state, condition, or quality over time. This verb can be applied to physical objects, relationships, health, or abstract concepts like peace or order. For example: She maintains her beauty「彼女は美しさを保つ」(かのじょはうつくしさをたもつ). We must maintain peace「私たちは平和を保たなければならない」(わたしたちはへいわをたもたなければならない). The verb often implies effort or intention to sustain something in its current state.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2296

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Easy

Reading

Kanji

容Contain, Looks 易Easy

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '容易 (ようい)' means 'easy' or 'simple'. It is used to describe tasks, situations, or actions that require little effort or are straightforward. This word often carries a formal tone and is commonly used in written or formal speech. For example: This problem is easy to solve「この問題は容易に解決できる」(このもんだいはよういにかいけつできる). It is not easy to achieve success「成功を収めるのは容易ではない」(せいこうをおさめるのはよういではない). Note that '容易' is often paired with verbs like 'できる' or 'ではない' to express feasibility or difficulty.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2324

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Factor

Reading

Kanji

要Important, Need 因Cause

Explanation

The Japanese noun '要因 (よういん)' means 'factor'. It refers to an element or component that contributes to a result or outcome. This term is often used in contexts such as scientific research, business analysis, and everyday discussions about causes and effects. For example: The main factor for the success was teamwork「成功の主な要因はチームワークだった」(せいこうのおもなよういんはチームワークだった). Economic factors influenced the decision「経済的要因がその決定に影響した」(けいざいてきよういんがそのけっていにえいきょうした). Note that '要因' is typically used in formal or analytical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2328

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Situation, Current

Reading

Kanji

現Appear, Current 状Form, Condition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '現状 (げんじょう)' refers to the 'current situation' or 'present state' of affairs. It is often used in formal or business contexts to discuss the existing conditions or circumstances. For example: we need to analyze the current situation「現状を分析する必要がある」(げんじょうをぶんせきするひつようがある). The current situation is not favorable「現状は有利ではない」(げんじょうはゆうりではない). This term is commonly used in discussions about business, politics, or any scenario where understanding the present state is crucial for decision-making.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2334

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Confirm

Reading

Kanji

確Certain

Explanation

The Japanese verb '確かめる (たしかめる)' means 'to confirm' or 'to verify'. It is used when you want to make sure of something, check the accuracy of information, or ensure that something is correct. This verb is often used in situations where you need to double-check facts, details, or the status of something. For example: I confirmed the meeting time「会議の時間を確かめた」(かいぎのじかんをたしかめた). Please confirm the address「住所を確かめてください」(じゅうしょをたしかめてください). The verb can also imply a sense of reassurance or certainty, as in 'I wanted to confirm that everything was okay'「すべてが大丈夫だと確かめたかった」(すべてがだいじょうぶだとたしかめたかった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2345

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Efficiency

Reading

Kanji

効Effective 率Command, Proportion

Explanation

The Japanese noun '効率 (こうりつ)' means 'efficiency'. It refers to the ability to accomplish a task with minimal waste of time, effort, or resources. This word is often used in contexts related to work, technology, or systems. For example: improving efficiency「効率を改善する」(こうりつをかいぜんする). This machine has high efficiency「この機械は効率が高い」(このきかいこうりつがたかい). The term can also be used in broader contexts, such as energy efficiency or organizational efficiency.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2348

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

President

Reading

Kanji

大Big 統Unite 領Territory

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大統領 (だいとうりょう)' refers to the 'president' of a country, particularly in the context of a republic or democratic nation. It is commonly used to describe the head of state or government in countries like the United States. For example: The president gave a speech「大統領が演説をした」(だいとうりょうがえんぜつをした). The president visited Japan「大統領が日本を訪問した」(だいとうりょうがにほんをほうもんした). This term is specific to political leaders and is not used for other types of leaders or executives.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2349

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nature, Property

Reading

Kanji

性Gender, Sex 質Quality

Explanation

The Japanese noun '性質 (せいしつ)' refers to the inherent characteristics or qualities of a person, thing, or phenomenon. It can mean 'nature' when describing someone's personality or temperament, or 'property' when referring to the characteristics of materials or substances. For example: His nature is gentle「彼の性質は優しい」(かれのせいしつはやさしい). This material has unique properties「この材料は独特な性質を持っている」(このざいりょうはどくとくなせいしつをもっている). The word is often used in both scientific and everyday contexts to describe essential traits.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2376

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Move, Transfer

Reading

Kanji

移Move, Transfer

Explanation

The Japanese verb '移す (うつす)' can mean 'to move' or 'to transfer'. It is used when something is physically moved from one place to another, or when something is transferred from one state or condition to another. For example: I moved the table to the corner「テーブルを隅に移した」(テーブルをすみにうつした). The company transferred him to the Tokyo office「会社は彼を東京支店に移した」(かいしゃはかれをとうきょうしてんにうつした). This verb can also be used in medical contexts to mean 'to infect' or 'to spread', as in 'The cold was transferred to the child「風邪が子供に移った」(かぜがこどもにうつった)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2383

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Essence

Reading

Kanji

本Book, Origin 質Quality

Explanation

The Japanese noun '本質 (ほんしつ)' refers to the fundamental nature or core quality of something. It is used to describe the intrinsic characteristics that define an object, concept, or phenomenon. For example: the essence of happiness「幸せの本質」(しあわせのほんしつ). Understanding the essence of the problem is crucial「問題の本質を理解することが重要だ」(もんだいのほんしつをりかいすることがじゅうようだ). This word is often used in philosophical or analytical contexts to emphasize the underlying truth or reality of a subject.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2386

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lose, Hesitate

Reading

Kanji

迷Perplexed, Astray

Explanation

The Japanese verb '迷う (まよう)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to lose one's way' or 'to get lost', often used in the context of physical navigation. For example: I got lost in the city「街で迷った」(まちでまよった). The second meaning is 'to hesitate' or 'to be uncertain', used when someone is indecisive or unsure about a decision. For example: She hesitated to answer「彼女は答えるのに迷った」(かのじょはこたえるのにまよった). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe being lost in thought or confused about a situation. For example: He was lost in thought「彼は考えに迷っていた」(かれはかんがえにまよっていた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2423

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Indeed

Reading

Kanji

成Become 程Order, Extent

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '成る程 (なるほど)' is used to express understanding, agreement, or realization. It is often translated as 'indeed', 'I see', or 'that makes sense'. This word is commonly used in conversations to acknowledge that you have understood or agree with what someone has said. For example: Indeed, that's a good point「成る程、それは良い点だ」(なるほど、それはよいてんだ). I see, so that's how it works「成る程、そういうことか」(なるほど、そういうことか). It is a polite and thoughtful way to show that you are following the conversation and appreciate the information being shared.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2426

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Blood

Reading

Kanji

血Blood 液Liquid

Explanation

The Japanese noun '血液 (けつえき)' means 'blood'. This term refers to the red liquid that circulates in the arteries and veins of humans and other vertebrate animals, carrying oxygen to and carbon dioxide from the tissues of the body. It is commonly used in medical contexts or when discussing health and biology. For example: Blood is essential for life「血液は生命に不可欠です」(けつえきはせいめいにふかけつです). The doctor analyzed my blood「医者が私の血液を分析した」(いしゃがわたしのけつえきをぶんせきした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2441

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Belong

Reading

Kanji

属Belong

Explanation

The Japanese verb '属する (ぞくする)' means 'to belong' or 'to be affiliated with'. It is used to indicate that something or someone is part of a larger group, organization, or category. This verb often implies a formal or official connection. For example: This animal belongs to the cat family「この動物は猫科に属する」(このどうぶつはねこかにぞくする). She belongs to the marketing department「彼女はマーケティング部に属する」(かのじょはマーケティングぶにぞくする). The nuance of '属する' often carries a sense of being under the jurisdiction or influence of the larger group or entity.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2442

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Violence

Reading

Kanji

暴Violent, Outburst 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese noun '暴力 (ぼうりょく)' means 'violence'. It refers to the use of physical force to harm or damage someone or something. This word is often used in contexts related to crime, conflict, or abuse. For example: Violence is not the answer「暴力は答えではない」(ぼうりょくはこたえではない). He was arrested for domestic violence「彼は家庭内暴力で逮捕された」(かれはかていないぼうりょくでたいほされた). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe forceful or aggressive actions in non-physical contexts, such as 'verbal violence' or 'structural violence'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2459

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plural

Reading

Kanji

複Duplicate 数Number

Explanation

The Japanese noun '複数 (ふくすう)' means 'plural'. It is used to refer to more than one of something, often in contrast to '単数 (たんすう)' which means 'singular'. This term is commonly used in grammar, mathematics, and general contexts where distinguishing between one and multiple items is necessary. For example: there are plural answers to this question「この質問には複数の答えがある」(このしつもんにはふくすうのこたえがある). The committee consists of plural members「委員会は複数のメンバーで構成されている」(いいんかいはふくすうのメンバーでこうせいされている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2475

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Force, Momentum

Reading

Kanji

勢Power, Force

Explanation

The Japanese noun '勢い (いきおい)' primarily refers to 'momentum' or 'force'. It describes the energy or power behind a movement, action, or trend. This word is often used to describe physical force, such as the force of water or wind, as well as abstract concepts like the momentum of a situation or the vigor of a person's actions. For example: The river flows with great force「川の勢いがすごい」(かわのいきおいがすごい). The team is gaining momentum「チームの勢いが増している」(チームのいきおいがふえている). It can also describe someone's enthusiasm or drive, as in: She works with great energy「彼女は勢いよく働く」(かのじょはいきおいよくはたらく).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2498

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Current

Reading

Kanji

現Appear, Current

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '現 (げん)' means 'current' or 'present'. It is commonly used to indicate something that is in the present time or currently existing. This prefix is often attached to nouns to form compound words. For example: current situation「現状」(げんじょう), current location「現地」(げんち), current president「現大統領」(げんだいとうりょう). It can also be used in phrases like 'the current state of affairs'「現状の状況」(げんじょうのじょうきょう). The prefix is versatile and widely used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2499

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Samurai

Reading

Kanji

武Military 士Samurai

Explanation

The Japanese noun '武士 (ぶし)' refers to a 'samurai', a member of the warrior class in feudal Japan. Samurai were known for their strict adherence to the code of bushido, which emphasized honor, discipline, and loyalty. They were skilled in martial arts and often served as retainers to daimyo (feudal lords). Example sentences: The samurai was very brave「武士はとても勇敢だった」(ぶしはとてもゆうかんだった). The samurai carried a sword「武士は刀を持っていた」(ぶしはかたなをもっていた). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe someone who embodies the qualities of a samurai, such as bravery and honor.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2518

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Verdict

Reading

Kanji

判Judge, Stamp 決Decide

Explanation

The Japanese noun '判決 (はんけつ)' refers to a formal decision or judgment made by a court of law. It is commonly used in legal contexts to describe the outcome of a trial or legal proceeding. For example: The verdict was guilty「判決は有罪だった」(はんけつはゆうざいだった). The court announced its verdict「裁判所は判決を言い渡した」(さいばんしょははんけつをいいわたした). This term is specific to legal judgments and is not used in casual or everyday contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2530

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Welfare

Reading

Kanji

厚Thick, Kind 生Life

Explanation

The Japanese noun '厚生 (こうせい)' refers to 'welfare' or 'public health and well-being'. It is commonly used in contexts related to social welfare, health care, and public services aimed at improving the quality of life. For example: The government is working on welfare policies「政府は厚生政策に取り組んでいる」(せいふはこうせいせいさくにとりくんでいる). The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare is responsible for public health「厚生労働省は公衆衛生を担当している」(こうせいろうどうしょうはこうしゅうえいせいをたんとうしている). This term is often seen in official or formal contexts, such as government departments or policies.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2537

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Loss, Damage

Reading

Kanji

損Loss, Damage 害Harm

Explanation

The Japanese noun '損害 (そんがい)' refers to harm, damage, or loss, often in a financial, physical, or legal context. It is commonly used to describe the negative consequences of an event, such as an accident or natural disaster. For example: The company suffered significant damage「会社は大きな損害を受けた」(かいしゃはおおきなそんがいをうけた). The typhoon caused a lot of damage「台風で多くの損害が出た」(たいふうでおおくのそんがいがでた). This word is frequently used in legal or insurance contexts to describe compensation for damages, as in '損害賠償 (そんがいばいしょう) (compensation for damages)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2538

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Respond

Reading

Kanji

応Answer, Respond

Explanation

The Japanese verb '応える (こたえる)' means 'to respond' or 'to answer'. It is often used in contexts where a reaction or reply is given to a question, request, or situation. This verb can also imply a deeper emotional or physical response, such as reacting to someone's feelings or enduring a challenge. For example: He responded to the question「彼は質問に応えた」(かれはしつもんにこたえた). The team responded well to the pressure「チームはプレッシャーによく応えた」(チームはプレッシャーによくこたえた). Note that '応える' can also be used to describe a reaction to stimuli, such as 'the body responds to exercise'「体が運動に応える」(からだがうんどうにこたえる).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2540

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stop

Reading

Kanji

留Stay, Detain

Explanation

The Japanese verb '留まる (とまる)' primarily means 'to stop'. It is used to indicate that something or someone comes to a halt or ceases movement. This verb can be applied to both physical and abstract contexts. For example: the train stopped「電車が留まった」(でんしゃがとまった). The conversation stopped「会話が留まった」(かいわがとまった). It's important to note that '留まる' can also imply a temporary pause or staying in a place for a short period, but the core meaning remains centered around the concept of stopping.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2549

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Limit

Reading

Kanji

限Limit 界World

Explanation

The Japanese noun '限界 (げんかい)' means 'limit'. It refers to the boundary or point beyond which something cannot or should not go. This word is often used in contexts involving physical, mental, or abstract boundaries. For example: I reached my limit「限界に達した」(げんかいにたっした). The limit of human endurance「人間の限界」(にんげんのげんかい). It can also be used to describe the maximum capacity or extent of something, such as 'the limit of technology'「技術の限界」(ぎじゅつのげんかい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2567

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Power, Influence

Reading

Kanji

勢Power, Force 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese noun '勢力 (せいりょく)' refers to 'power' or 'influence', often in the context of political, social, or military strength. It can describe the capacity of a group, organization, or individual to exert control or sway over others. For example: The country expanded its power「その国は勢力を拡大した」(そのくにはせいりょくをかくだいした). The political party lost its influence「その政党は勢力を失った」(そのせいとうはせいりょくをうしなった). This word is commonly used in discussions about power dynamics, competition, or dominance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2584

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Contact

Reading

Kanji

接Contact, Touch

Explanation

The Japanese verb '接する (せっする)' means 'to come into contact with' or 'to interact with'. It is used to describe physical contact, as well as metaphorical or social interactions. For example: I came into contact with a new culture「新しい文化に接した」(あたらしいぶんかにせっした). The teacher interacts with students「先生は生徒に接する」(せんせいはせいとにせっする). This verb can also imply a sense of connection or engagement, such as in business or personal relationships. Note that it is often used in formal or written contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2586

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unique, Independent

Reading

Kanji

独Alone 自Self

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '独自 (どくじ)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'unique', referring to something that is distinct or original, not shared with others. The second meaning is 'independent', indicating self-reliance or autonomy. This word is often used to describe methods, styles, or systems that are distinct from others. For example: The company developed a unique technology「その会社は独自の技術を開発した」(そのかいしゃはどくじのぎじゅつをかいはつした). She has an independent way of thinking「彼女は独自の考え方を持っている」(かのじょはどくじのかんがえかたをもっている). The nuance of '独自' often emphasizes originality or self-sufficiency, making it a versatile term in both business and personal contexts.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2624

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expensive

Reading

Kanji

高High, Expensive 価Price

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '高価 (こうか)' means 'expensive'. It is used to describe items or goods that have a high monetary value. This term is often used in contexts such as shopping, business, or when discussing the value of objects. For example: This watch is expensive「この時計は高価です」(このとけいはこうかです). High-quality products are usually expensive「高品質の製品はたいてい高価です」(こうひんしつのせいひんはたいていこうかです). It is important to note that '高価' is typically used for objects or items, not for services or experiences.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2628

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Appearance, Posture

Reading

Kanji

格Status 好Like, Fond

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '格好 (かっこう)' primarily refers to 'appearance' or 'posture'. It is used to describe the way something or someone looks, their style, or their physical stance. For example: His appearance is cool「彼の格好がかっこいい」(かれのかっこうがかっこいい). She has a good posture「彼女は格好がいい」(かのじょはかっこうがいい). The word can also be used in contexts like '格好をつける (かっこうをつける)', which means 'to put on airs' or 'to act in a certain way to impress others'. It is a versatile term often used in both casual and formal settings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2629

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lend

Reading

Kanji

貸Lend, Loan

Explanation

The Japanese verb '貸す (かす)' means 'to lend'. It is used when someone temporarily gives something to another person with the expectation that it will be returned. This verb is commonly used in everyday situations, such as lending money, books, or tools. For example: I will lend you a book「本を貸します」(ほんをかします). Can you lend me your pen?「ペンを貸してくれますか？」(ぺんをかしてくれますか？). The verb can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as lending support or assistance. Note that '貸す' is often paired with '借りる (かりる)', which means 'to borrow', to describe the reciprocal action.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2670

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cease

Reading

Kanji

絶Break off, Extinction

Explanation

The Japanese verb '絶える (たえる)' means 'to cease' or 'to come to an end'. It is used to describe something that stops happening or existing. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as the end of a relationship, the cessation of a natural phenomenon, or the discontinuation of a tradition. For example: the rain ceased「雨が絶えた」(あめがたえた). Their communication ceased「彼らのコミュニケーションが絶えた」(かれらのコミュニケーションがたえた). It's important to note that this verb often carries a sense of finality, implying that the cessation is permanent or long-lasting.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2675

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Standard

Reading

Kanji

標Signpost, Mark 準Follow, Semi

Explanation

The Japanese noun '標準 (ひょうじゅん)' means 'standard'. It refers to a level of quality, achievement, or norm that is widely accepted or used as a basis for comparison. This word is commonly used in contexts such as education, manufacturing, and technology to describe benchmarks or criteria. For example: This product meets the industry standard「この製品は業界標準を満たしています」(このせいひんはぎょうかいひょうじゅんをみたしています). The standard for this exam is very high「この試験の標準はとても高いです」(このしけんのひょうじゅんはとてもたかいです). It can also be used in phrases like '標準化 (ひょうじゅんか)' (standardization) or '標準的な (ひょうじゅんてきな)' (standard, typical).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2679

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Housewife

Reading

Kanji

主Master 婦Lady

Explanation

The Japanese noun '主婦 (しゅふ)' refers to a 'housewife', a woman who manages the household and does not typically work outside the home. This term is commonly used in Japan to describe women who are primarily responsible for domestic tasks such as cooking, cleaning, and taking care of children. It is a neutral term but can carry cultural connotations about gender roles. Example sentences: She is a housewife「彼女は主婦です」(かのじょはしゅふです). My mother was a housewife「私の母は主婦でした」(わたしのはははしゅふでした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2685

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Serve, Fulfill

Reading

Kanji

務Duty, Task

Explanation

The Japanese verb '務める (つとめる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to serve' in a role or position, such as in a job or duty. For example: He serves as the company president「彼は社長を務める」(かれはしゃちょうをつとめる). The second meaning is 'to fulfill' a responsibility or obligation. For example: She fulfilled her role as a mother「彼女は母親としての役割を務めた」(かのじょはははおやとしてのやくわりをつとめた). This verb is often used in formal or professional contexts to describe taking on a role or responsibility.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2704

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Level

Reading

Kanji

水Water 準Follow, Semi

Explanation

The Japanese noun '水準 (すいじゅん)' means 'level'. It is commonly used to refer to a standard, degree, or quality of something, often in a comparative or evaluative context. For example, it can describe the level of skill, economic standards, or academic performance. Example sentences: The water level is high「水準が高い」(すいじゅんがたかい). The standard of living in this country is high「この国の生活水準は高い」(このくにのせいかつすいじゅんはたかい). Note that '水準' is often used in formal or technical contexts, such as in discussions about economics, education, or science.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2709

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tongue

Reading

Kanji

舌Tongue

Explanation

The Japanese noun '舌 (した)' means 'tongue'. This word refers to the muscular organ in the mouth used for tasting, swallowing, and speaking. It can also be used metaphorically to describe speech or language. For example: I burned my tongue「舌をやけどした」(したをやけどした). She has a sharp tongue「彼女は舌が鋭い」(かのじょはしたがするどい). In Japanese culture, the tongue is sometimes associated with honesty or deceit, as in the phrase '舌を巻く (したをまく)', which means to be astonished or amazed.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2729

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Limit

Reading

Kanji

限Limit 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '限定 (げんてい)' means 'limit' or 'restriction'. It refers to something that is confined or restricted within certain boundaries, whether in terms of time, quantity, or scope. This word is often used in contexts like limited editions, restricted offers, or specific conditions. For example: This is a limited edition「これは限定版です」(これはげんていばんです). The offer is limited to the first 100 customers「このオファーは最初の100人限定です」(このオファーはさいしょのひゃくにんげんていです). The term can also imply exclusivity, as in '限定商品 (げんていしょうひん) (limited product)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2765

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cause, Invite

Reading

Kanji

招Invite

Explanation

The Japanese verb '招く (まねく)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to invite,' which refers to asking someone to come to a place or event. For example: I invited my friend to the party「友達をパーティーに招いた」(ともだちをぱーてぃーにまねいた). The second meaning is 'to cause,' often implying the unintentional or indirect result of an action. For example: His actions caused trouble「彼の行動は問題を招いた」(かれのこうどうはもんだいをまねいた). The verb is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts, and its meaning depends on the situation. When used as 'invite,' it often involves hospitality or social gatherings, while 'cause' is more abstract and can refer to outcomes, consequences, or events.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2771

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Image

Reading

Kanji

画Picture 像Image, Statue

Explanation

The Japanese noun '画像 (がぞう)' means 'image'. It refers to a visual representation, such as a photograph, illustration, or digital picture. This word is commonly used in contexts related to photography, digital media, and art. For example: I saved the image「画像を保存した」(がぞうをほぞんした). This image is beautiful「この画像は美しい」(このがぞうはうつくしい). It can also refer to images displayed on screens, such as computer monitors or smartphones. The term is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2774

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grave

Reading

Kanji

墓Grave

Explanation

The Japanese noun '墓 (はか)' refers to a 'grave' or 'tomb'. It is used to describe the place where a deceased person is buried. This word is commonly used in contexts related to death, funerals, and memorials. For example: I visited my grandfather's grave「祖父の墓を訪ねた」(そふのはかをおとずれた). The grave is located in the cemetery「その墓は墓地にある」(そのはかはぼちにある). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is a reminder of the past or a place of finality. Note that '墓' is often associated with respect and solemnity in Japanese culture.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2788

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Phrase, Complaint

Reading

Kanji

文Sentence 句Phrase, Paragraph

Explanation

The Japanese noun '文句 (もんく)' has two distinct meanings. The first and most common meaning is 'complaint', referring to an expression of dissatisfaction or grievance. For example: he always has complaints「彼はいつも文句を言う」(かれはいつももんくをいう). The second meaning is 'phrase', referring to a short, memorable expression or a set of words. For example: this phrase is catchy「この文句はキャッチーだ」(このもんくはきゃっちーだ). The context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended. When used to mean 'complaint', it often appears with verbs like 言う (いう, to say) or つける (to make). When used to mean 'phrase', it is often associated with advertising, slogans, or memorable sayings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2790

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gender, Nature

Reading

Kanji

性Gender, Sex

Explanation

The Japanese noun '性 (せい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'gender', referring to the classification of being male or female. For example: gender equality「性の平等」(せいのびょうどう). The second meaning is 'nature', referring to the inherent characteristics or essence of something. For example: human nature「人間の性」(にんげんのせい). This word is often used in compound nouns to specify a particular type of nature or gender. It is important to distinguish between these two meanings based on the context in which the word is used.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2793

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gather, Approach

Reading

Kanji

寄Draw near

Explanation

The Japanese verb '寄せる (よせる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to approach' or 'to draw near', often used when something or someone moves closer to a specific point or person. For example: The ship approached the shore「船が岸に寄せた」(ふねがきしによせた). The second meaning is 'to gather' or 'to collect', referring to bringing things or people together. For example: She gathered her thoughts「彼女は考えを寄せた」(かのじょはかんがえをよせた). The verb can also be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '心を寄せる (こころをよせる)', which means 'to be attracted to someone' or 'to develop feelings for someone'. This versatility makes it a useful verb in various contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2817

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Compulsion, Enforcement

Reading

Kanji

強Strong 制System, Control

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '強制 (きょうせい)' refers to the act of compelling or enforcing something, often against someone's will. It is commonly used in contexts where authority or rules are imposed on individuals or groups. For example: The government enforced new regulations「政府は新しい規制を強制した」(せいふはあたらしいきせいをきょうせいした). Compulsory education is enforced by law「義務教育は法律で強制されている」(ぎむきょういくはほうりつできょうせいされている). Note that '強制' carries a nuance of obligation or lack of choice, and it is often used in formal or legal contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2830

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Poor quality, Malicious

Reading

Kanji

悪Evil 質Quality

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '悪質 (あくしつ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'malicious', referring to actions or behaviors that are intentionally harmful or deceitful. For example: That was a malicious scam「それは悪質な詐欺だった」(それはあくしつなさぎだった). The second meaning is 'poor-quality', describing something that is of low or inferior quality. For example: This is a poor-quality product「これは悪質な製品だ」(これはあくしつなせいひんだ). The word is often used in contexts involving fraud, scams, or substandard goods, and it carries a strong negative connotation.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2852

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Quality

Reading

Kanji

質Quality

Explanation

The Japanese noun '質 (しつ)' primarily means 'quality'. It refers to the standard or grade of something, such as the quality of a product, material, or even abstract concepts like the quality of life. For example: This product has high quality「この製品は質が高い」(このせいひんはしつがたかい). The quality of this fabric is excellent「この生地の質は素晴らしい」(このきじのしつはすばらしい). Additionally, '質' can also refer to the nature or character of a person, as in '彼の質は優しい (かれのしつはやさしい) (His nature is gentle).' However, this usage is less common and context-dependent.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2853

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Significance

Reading

Kanji

意Idea 義Righteousness

Explanation

The Japanese noun '意義 (いぎ)' means 'significance' or 'meaning'. It is used to describe the importance, value, or purpose of something. This word is often used in formal or philosophical contexts to discuss the deeper meaning or relevance of actions, events, or concepts. For example: The significance of this event is profound「このイベントの意義は深い」(このイベントのいぎはふかい). We must understand the meaning of life「人生の意義を理解しなければならない」(じんせいのいぎをりかいしなければならない). It can also be used to emphasize the importance of a decision or action, as in 'This decision has great significance'「この決定には大きな意義がある」(このけっていにはおおきないぎがある).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2859

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Specially

Reading

Kanji

態Appearance, Condition

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '態々 (わざわざ)' means 'specially' or 'going out of one's way'. It is used to describe actions that are done intentionally, often with extra effort or inconvenience, to achieve a specific purpose. This word carries a nuance of doing something that might not be strictly necessary, but is done out of consideration or for a particular reason. For example: He came all the way here specially to see me「彼は私に会うためにわざわざここまで来た」(かれはわたしにあうためにわざわざここまできた). I made this cake specially for you「このケーキはあなたのためにわざわざ作りました」(このケーキはあなたのためにわざわざつくりました). Note that '態々' often implies a sense of gratitude or acknowledgment of the effort involved.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2863

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cherry blossom

Reading

Kanji

桜Cherry

Explanation

The Japanese noun '桜 (さくら)' refers to the cherry blossom, a flower that holds significant cultural importance in Japan. Cherry blossoms symbolize the transient nature of life due to their brief blooming period. They are celebrated during the spring season with festivals and hanami (flower viewing) parties. Example sentences: The cherry blossoms are beautiful「桜がきれいです」(さくらがきれいです). Let's go see the cherry blossoms「桜を見に行きましょう」(さくらをみにいきましょう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2868

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thick, Kind

Reading

Kanji

厚Thick, Kind

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '厚い (あつい)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'thick', referring to the physical thickness of an object, such as a book or a piece of clothing. For example: this book is thick「この本は厚い」(このほんはあつい). The second meaning is 'kind' or 'deep', often used to describe someone's kindness or the depth of a relationship. For example: he is very kind「彼はとても厚い人だ」(かれはとてもあついひとだ). It's important to note that the context in which '厚い' is used will determine whether it refers to physical thickness or emotional depth.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2881

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Regulation

Reading

Kanji

規Standard, Regulation 制System, Control

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '規制 (きせい)' refers to 'regulation' or 'control'. It is commonly used in contexts involving rules, restrictions, or measures imposed by authorities to manage or limit certain activities. For example: The government imposed new regulations「政府は新しい規制を設けた」(せいふはあたらしいきせいをもうけた). There are strict regulations on this product「この製品には厳しい規制がある」(このせいひんにはきびしいきせいがある). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as environmental regulations or financial controls, and often carries a formal or official tone.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2886

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Prevent

Reading

Kanji

防Prevent, Defend

Explanation

The Japanese verb '防ぐ (ふせぐ)' means 'to prevent' or 'to protect against'. It is used to describe actions taken to stop something undesirable from happening, such as preventing accidents, diseases, or damage. For example: We must prevent accidents「事故を防がなければならない」(じこをふせがなければならない). This vaccine prevents the disease「このワクチンは病気を防ぐ」(このワクチンはびょうきをふせぐ). The verb can also imply taking measures to protect against potential threats or risks. For instance: They built a wall to protect against floods「彼らは洪水を防ぐために壁を建てた」(かれらはこうずいをふせぐためにかべをたてた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2898

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Business

Reading

Kanji

営Manage 業Business

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '営業 (えいぎょう)' primarily means 'business' or 'sales'. It refers to the activities involved in running a business, particularly those related to selling products or services. This term is often used in contexts such as business operations, sales strategies, or customer service. For example: The store is open for business「店は営業中です」(みせはえいぎょうちゅうです). Our company's sales are increasing「うちの会社の営業が伸びています」(うちのかいしゃのえいぎょうがのびています). It's important to note that '営業' can also refer to the act of soliciting or promoting business, as in '営業活動 (えいぎょうかつどう) (sales activities)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2899

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Art, Technique

Reading

Kanji

術Art, Technique

Explanation

The Japanese noun '術 (じゅつ)' refers to a skill, art, or technique, often implying a specialized or refined method. It is commonly used in contexts related to traditional arts, martial arts, or any field requiring expertise. For example: the art of negotiation「交渉の術」(こうしょうのじゅつ). He mastered the technique「彼はその術を極めた」(かれはそのじゅつをきわめた). The word can also imply a strategic or clever approach, as in 'the art of deception'「欺く術」(あざむくじゅつ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2904

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Production

Reading

Kanji

製Manufacture 作Make

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '製作 (せいさく)' refers to the act of producing or manufacturing something, often used in contexts involving creative or industrial processes. It can apply to the production of goods, films, art, or other tangible or intangible items. For example: the production of a movie「映画の製作」(えいがのせいさく). This company specializes in the production of furniture「この会社は家具の製作を専門としています」(このかいしゃはかぐのせいさくをせんもんとしています). The word emphasizes the process of creating or making something, often with a focus on craftsmanship or detailed work.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2907

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pull, Stretch

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 張Spread, Stretch

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引っ張る (ひっぱる)' primarily means 'to pull' or 'to stretch'. It is used to describe physically pulling something, such as pulling a rope or dragging an object. It can also metaphorically mean to stretch something, like stretching the truth or extending a deadline. For example: He pulled the rope「彼はロープを引っ張った」(かれはロープをひっぱった). The boss stretched the deadline「上司は締め切りを引っ張った」(じょうしはしめきりをひっぱった). Note that this verb often implies a continuous or forceful action, and it is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2929

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Requirement

Reading

Kanji

要Important, Need 件Matter, Affair

Explanation

The Japanese noun '要件 (ようけん)' primarily means 'requirement'. It is used to refer to necessary conditions, specifications, or criteria that must be met for a particular purpose. This term is commonly used in formal or technical contexts, such as business, legal matters, or software development. For example: the requirements for the job「仕事の要件」(しごとのようけん). The system meets all the requirements「システムはすべての要件を満たしています」(システムはすべてのようけんをみたしています). In some cases, it can also imply essential matters or key points, but this usage is less common and context-dependent.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2934

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Support

Reading

Kanji

支Branch, Support 持Hold

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '支持 (しじ)' means 'support'. It is commonly used to express backing, endorsement, or approval for a person, idea, organization, or policy. This word is often used in political, social, or professional contexts. For example: I support this policy「この政策を支持します」(このせいさくをしじします). The candidate gained public support「その候補者は国民の支持を得た」(そのこうほしゃはこくみんのしじをえた). Note that '支持' can also imply a sense of reliance or dependence, as in 'the support of a structure' or 'the support of a family'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2946

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expenditure

Reading

Kanji

支Branch, Support 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '支出 (ししゅつ)' refers to the act of spending money or the amount of money spent. It is commonly used in financial contexts to describe expenses or outlays. For example: The company's expenditure increased「会社の支出が増えた」(かいしゃのししゅつがふえた). We need to reduce our monthly expenditure「私たちは毎月の支出を減らす必要がある」(わたしたちはまいつきのししゅつをへらすひつようがある). This term is often used in discussions about budgeting, accounting, and financial planning.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2947

Composition

kanji

Handwriting