Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Kanji JLPT Level

word

Meaning

Consultation

Reading

Kanji

受Accept 診Examine a patient, Diagnose

Explanation

The Japanese noun '受診 (じゅしん)' refers to the act of receiving a medical consultation or examination. It is commonly used in contexts related to healthcare, such as visiting a doctor or undergoing a medical check-up. For example: I had a medical consultation today「今日は受診しました」(きょうはじゅしんしました). It's important to schedule a consultation「受診の予約を取ることが大切です」(じゅしんのよやくをとることがたいせつです). This term is often used in formal or medical settings and emphasizes the patient's action of seeking medical attention.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6687

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Misery

Reading

Kanji

悲Sad 惨Cruel, Wretched

Explanation

The Japanese noun '悲惨 (ひさん)' means 'misery' or 'tragedy'. It is used to describe a state of extreme unhappiness, suffering, or distress, often due to unfortunate events or circumstances. This word carries a strong emotional weight and is typically used in serious contexts, such as describing the aftermath of a disaster, a tragic story, or a dire situation. For example: The misery after the earthquake was unbearable「地震後の悲惨は耐えられなかった」(じしんごのひさんはたえられなかった). The tragedy of war left the country in ruins「戦争の悲惨が国を廃墟にした」(せんそうのひさんがくにをはいきょにした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6688

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Washbasin

Reading

Kanji

洗Wash 面Face, Surface 器Vessel

Explanation

The Japanese noun '洗面器 (せんめんき)' refers to a 'washbasin' or a small basin used for washing one's face or hands. It is commonly found in bathrooms or washrooms and is often used in daily hygiene routines. For example: I filled the washbasin with water「洗面器に水を入れた」(せんめんきにみずをいれた). She washed her face in the washbasin「彼女は洗面器で顔を洗った」(かのじょはせんめんきでかおをあらった). This word is specific to the object and is not used metaphorically.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6696

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sinking

Reading

Kanji

沈Sink 没Sink, Drown

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '沈没 (ちんぼつ)' means 'sinking'. It is used to describe the act of a ship, boat, or other vessel going underwater and becoming submerged. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the failure or collapse of plans, projects, or organizations. For example: The ship sank in the storm「船は嵐で沈没した」(ふねはあらしでちんぼつした). The company's project sank due to lack of funding「会社のプロジェクトは資金不足で沈没した」(かいしゃのプロジェクトはしきんぶそくでちんぼつした).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6697

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Villa

Reading

Kanji

荘Solemn, Villa

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '荘 (しょう)' is used to denote a villa, mansion, or a type of residence, often implying a certain level of elegance or grandeur. It is commonly found in the names of residential buildings, hotels, or estates. For example: a luxurious villa「豪華な荘」(ごうかなしょう). This suffix can also be part of the name of a place, such as a hotel or a resort, indicating a place of lodging or retreat. For instance: staying at a mountain villa「山荘に泊まる」(さんしょうにとまる). The usage of '荘' often conveys a sense of traditional or upscale accommodation.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6709

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Support, Nurture

Reading

Kanji

養Foster

Explanation

The Japanese verb '養う (やしなう)' can mean 'to support' or 'to nurture'. When used in the context of 'support', it often refers to providing for someone financially or materially, such as supporting a family. For example: He supports his family「彼は家族を養っている」(かれはかぞくをやしなっている). In the context of 'nurture', it refers to raising or cultivating something, such as children, animals, or even skills. For example: She nurtures her plants carefully「彼女は植物を丁寧に養っている」(かのじょはしょくぶつをていねいにやしなっている). The verb can also imply fostering or developing something over time, such as habits or relationships.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6711

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Adaptation

Reading

Kanji

適Suitable 応Answer, Respond

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '適応 (てきおう)' refers to the process of adapting or adjusting to new conditions, environments, or situations. It is commonly used in contexts where individuals, organisms, or systems change to better fit or survive in their surroundings. For example: The animal's adaptation to the cold climate was remarkable「その動物の寒い気候への適応は素晴らしかった」(そのどうぶつのさむいきこうへのてきおうはすばらしかった). He quickly adapted to the new work environment「彼は新しい職場環境にすぐに適応した」(かれはあたらしいしょくばかんきょうにすぐにてきおうした). This term is often used in both biological and social contexts, emphasizing the ability to adjust effectively.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6715

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Abolition

Reading

Kanji

廃Waste, Abolish 止Stop

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '廃止 (はいし)' means 'abolition' or 'discontinuation'. It refers to the act of officially ending or stopping something, such as a system, law, or practice. This term is often used in formal or official contexts. For example: The government decided on the abolition of the law「政府はその法律の廃止を決定した」(せいふはそのほうりつのはいしをけっていした). The company announced the discontinuation of the service「その会社はサービスの廃止を発表した」(そのかいしゃはサービスのはいしをはっぴょうした). Note that '廃止' is typically used in written or formal speech, and its usage implies a permanent termination.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6718

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Prison

Reading

Kanji

刑Punish 務Duty, Task

Explanation

The Japanese noun '刑務 (けいむ)' refers to 'prison' or 'penal servitude'. It is often used in formal or legal contexts to describe the institution where individuals serve their sentences for crimes. The term can also be associated with the concept of incarceration or imprisonment. For example: He was sent to prison「彼は刑務所に送られた」(かれはけいむしょにおくられた). The prison is located far from the city「その刑務所は街から遠くにあります」(そのけいむしょはまちからとおくにあります). Note that '刑務' is often part of the compound word '刑務所 (けいむしょ)', which specifically means 'prison' or 'penitentiary'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6720

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Immunity

Reading

Kanji

免Excuse, Exempt 疫Epidemic

Explanation

The Japanese noun '免疫 (めんえき)' means 'immunity'. It refers to the biological defense mechanism of an organism against diseases or infections. This term is commonly used in medical and health-related contexts. For example: he has strong immunity「彼は免疫が強い」(かれはめんえきがつよい). Vaccines help build immunity「ワクチンは免疫を作るのに役立つ」(ワクチンはめんえきをつくるのにやくだつ). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe resistance to non-biological influences, such as stress or criticism, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6723

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Residence

Reading

Kanji

邸Residence

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '邸 (てい)' is used to denote a residence or mansion, often implying a certain level of grandeur or formality. It is commonly attached to family names to refer to someone's home in a respectful manner. For example: Mr. Tanaka's residence「田中邸」(たなかてい). The mansion of the wealthy family「裕福な家族の邸」(ゆうふくなかぞくのてい). This suffix is typically used in formal contexts and can be found in addresses or when referring to the homes of notable individuals.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6726

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Value, Price

Reading

Kanji

価Price 額Amount, Forehead

Explanation

The Japanese noun '価額 (かがく)' refers to the monetary value or price of something. It is often used in formal or business contexts to discuss the cost or valuation of goods, services, or assets. For example: the price of the product「その商品の価額」(そのしょうひんのかがく). The value of the property「その不動産の価額」(そのふどうさんのかがく). This term is more formal and less commonly used in everyday conversation compared to words like '値段 (ねだん)' or '価格 (かかく)', which also mean 'price'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6731

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Blade

Reading

Kanji

刃Blade

Explanation

The Japanese noun '刃 (は)' refers to the 'blade' of a knife, sword, or any cutting tool. It specifically denotes the sharp, cutting edge of such objects. This word is often used in contexts involving weapons, tools, or anything with a sharp edge. For example: the blade of the sword is sharp「刀の刃は鋭い」(かたなのははするどい). Be careful with the blade of the knife「ナイフの刃に気をつけて」(ナイフのはにきをつけて). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something sharp or cutting in nature, though this is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6733

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bowl, Pot

Reading

Kanji

鉢Bowl

Explanation

The Japanese noun '鉢 (はち)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'bowl', referring to a deep, round container used for holding food or liquids. The second is 'pot', specifically a container used for planting or holding plants. For example: a rice bowl「ご飯の鉢」(ごはんのはち). a flower pot「花の鉢」(はなのはち). The word can also refer to the shape of something resembling a bowl or pot, such as the crown of a hat or the top of a mountain. It is commonly used in everyday contexts, particularly in gardening or dining.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6734

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Limb

Reading

Kanji

肢Limb, Arms & legs

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '肢 (し)' refers to a 'limb' or 'appendage'. It is often used in compound words to denote parts of the body, particularly arms and legs. This suffix is commonly found in medical or anatomical terms. For example: upper limb「上肢」(じょうし). lower limb「下肢」(かし). It can also be used metaphorically to describe branches or extensions of something, such as in organizational structures. For example: the branch of a company「会社の肢」(かいしゃのし). Note that this suffix is rarely used alone and is typically part of a larger compound word.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6737

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lament

Reading

Kanji

嘆Sigh

Explanation

The Japanese verb '嘆く (なげく)' means 'to lament' or 'to grieve'. It is used to express deep sorrow, regret, or disappointment about a situation or event. This verb often conveys a sense of emotional distress or mourning. For example: he lamented the loss of his friend「彼は友人の死を嘆いた」(かれはゆうじんのしをなげいた). She lamented her mistakes「彼女は自分の過ちを嘆いた」(かのじょはじぶんのあやまちをなげいた). The verb can also be used in a broader sense to express dissatisfaction or concern about societal issues, such as: they lamented the state of the world「彼らは世界の状況を嘆いた」(かれらはせかいのじょうきょうをなげいた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6739

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Swing, Pretense

Reading

Kanji

振Shake, Swing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '振り (ふり)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'pretense', referring to an act or behavior that is intended to deceive or mislead others. For example: she made a pretense of being happy「彼女は幸せな振りをした」(かのじょはしあわせなふりをした). The second meaning is 'swing', referring to the motion of moving something back and forth or side to side. For example: the swing of the pendulum「振り子の振り」(ふりこのふり). It's important to note that the context in which '振り' is used will determine which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6743

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Secret

Reading

Kanji

密Secret, Dense

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '密か (ひそか)' means 'secret' or 'hidden'. It is used to describe something that is kept private, concealed, or not openly expressed. This word often carries a nuance of something being done quietly or without drawing attention. For example: She has a secret love「彼女は密かな恋をしている」(かのじょはひそかなこいをしている). He secretly supported the project「彼は密かにプロジェクトを支援した」(かれはひそかにぷろじぇくとをしえんした). The word can also imply a sense of subtlety or discretion in actions or feelings.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6745

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Precious

Reading

Kanji

貴Precious

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '貴い (とうとい)' means 'precious' or 'valuable'. It is often used to describe something of high value, importance, or rarity, whether it be physical objects, abstract concepts, or even people. This word carries a sense of reverence or respect. For example: Time is precious「時間は貴い」(じかんはとうとい). This is a precious gift「これは貴い贈り物です」(これはとうといおくりものです). The word can also imply something noble or sacred, as in '貴い使命 (とうといしめい)' (noble mission).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6746

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Membership

Reading

Kanji

加Join, Add 盟Alliance

Explanation

The Japanese noun '加盟 (かめい)' refers to the act of joining or becoming a member of an organization, group, or alliance. It is commonly used in formal contexts, such as when a country joins an international organization or a company becomes part of a larger association. For example: Japan's membership in the United Nations「日本の国連への加盟」(にほんのこくれんへのかめい). The company decided to join the trade association「その会社はその業界団体への加盟を決めた」(そのかいしゃはそのぎょうかいだんたいへのかめいをきめた). The term emphasizes the formal and official nature of the membership.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6749

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recommendation

Reading

Kanji

勧Urge, Recommend

Explanation

The Japanese noun '勧め (すすめる)' means 'recommendation' or 'advice'. It is used when someone suggests or advises something to another person. This word often implies that the recommendation is made with good intentions, aiming to benefit the recipient. For example: I followed his recommendation「彼の勧めに従った」(かれのすすめにしたがった). She gave me a recommendation to read this book「彼女はこの本を読むように勧めてくれた」(かのじょはこのほんをよむようにすすめてくれた). Note that '勧め' can also be used in formal contexts, such as professional advice or suggestions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6751

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Investigation, Pursuit

Reading

Kanji

追Follow 及Reach, Extend

Explanation

The Japanese noun '追及 (ついきゅう)' can mean 'pursuit' or 'investigation', depending on the context. When used to mean 'pursuit', it often refers to the act of chasing or striving towards a goal, such as in the pursuit of knowledge or justice. For example: The pursuit of happiness is important「幸福の追及は大切だ」(こうふくのついきゅうはたいせつだ). When used to mean 'investigation', it refers to the process of examining or inquiring into something thoroughly, such as in a legal or scientific context. For example: The investigation into the incident is ongoing「事件の追及は進行中だ」(じけんのついきゅうはしんこうちゅうだ). The word can also imply a sense of accountability or holding someone responsible, as in '追究 (ついきゅう)', which is a related term often used interchangeably.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6752

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

View

Reading

Kanji

展Unfold, Expand 望Hope, Ambition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '展望 (てんぼう)' refers to a 'view' or 'prospect', often implying a wide or expansive view, such as from a high place or in a figurative sense. It can be used to describe both physical views and abstract prospects or outlooks. For example: The view from the tower is amazing「展望台からの眺めは素晴らしい」(てんぼうだいからのながめはすばらしい). We have a bright outlook for the future「私たちは未来に対して明るい展望を持っている」(わたしたちはみらいにたいしてあかるいてんぼうをもっている). This word is commonly used in contexts involving scenery, future plans, or expectations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6753

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discharge, Emission

Reading

Kanji

排Exclude, Repudiate 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '排出 (はいしゅつ)' refers to the act of emitting or discharging something, such as gases, liquids, or waste. It is commonly used in environmental contexts to describe the release of substances into the environment. For example: The factory reduced its emissions「工場は排出を減らした」(こうじょうははいしゅつをへらした). The discharge of waste into the river is prohibited「川への排出は禁止されている」(かわへのはいしゅつはきんしされている). This word is often used in technical or formal settings, particularly when discussing pollution or industrial processes.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6754

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Launch

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 射Shoot

Explanation

The Japanese noun '発射 (はっしゃ)' means 'launch'. It is commonly used to describe the act of firing or propelling something, such as a rocket, missile, or projectile. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the initiation of an action or process. For example: The rocket launch was successful「ロケットの発射は成功した」(ロケットのはっしゃはせいこうした). The police fired a warning shot「警察は警告の発射をした」(けいさつはけいこくのはっしゃをした). This word is often used in technical, military, or scientific contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6755

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pay, Store

Reading

Kanji

納Settlement

Explanation

The Japanese verb '納める (おさめる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to pay,' often used in the context of paying taxes, fees, or dues. For example: I paid my taxes「税金を納めた」(ぜいきんをおさめた). The second meaning is 'to store' or 'to put something away,' often used when placing items in a specific location for safekeeping. For example: She stored the books on the shelf「彼女は本を棚に納めた」(かのじょはほんをたなにおさめた). The verb can also imply a sense of completion or fulfillment, such as fulfilling an obligation or storing something properly.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6756

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Refuse

Reading

Kanji

拒Repel, Refuse

Explanation

The Japanese verb '拒む (こばむ)' means 'to refuse' or 'to reject'. It is used when someone declines or turns down an offer, request, or situation. This verb often carries a nuance of firmness or determination in the refusal. For example: He refused the offer「彼はその申し出を拒んだ」(かれはそのもうしでをこばんだ). The door refused to open「ドアが開くのを拒んだ」(ドアがあくのをこばんだ). It can also imply resistance or opposition, as in '拒むことのできない事実 (こばむことのできないじじつ) (an undeniable fact)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6758

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Satellite

Reading

Kanji

衛Protect, Defense 星Star

Explanation

The Japanese noun '衛星 (えいせい)' means 'satellite'. This term is used to refer to both natural satellites, such as the moon, and artificial satellites launched into space for communication, observation, or scientific purposes. For example: The moon is Earth's natural satellite「月は地球の衛星です」(つきはちきゅうのえいせいです). Japan launched a new satellite「日本は新しい衛星を打ち上げた」(にほんはあたらしいえいせいをうちあげた). The word is commonly used in scientific, technological, and astronomical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6767

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Interval

Reading

Kanji

間Interval, Space 隔Separate, Isolate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '間隔 (かんかく)' refers to an 'interval' or 'gap' between objects, events, or points in time. It is commonly used to describe physical spaces, such as the distance between two objects, or temporal spaces, such as the time between events. For example: The interval between trains is 10 minutes「電車の間隔は10分です」(でんしゃのかんかくはじゅっぷんです). There is a gap between the two buildings「2つの建物の間に間隔がある」(ふたつのたてもののあいだにかんかくがある). This word is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6770

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Repetition

Reading

Kanji

繰Reel, Spin 返Return

Explanation

The Japanese noun '繰り返し (くりかえし)' means 'repetition'. It refers to the act of repeating something, whether it be an action, a process, or a statement. This word is often used in contexts where something is done or said multiple times, either for emphasis, practice, or as part of a routine. For example: Repetition is important for learning「繰り返しは学習に重要です」(くりかえしはがくしゅうにじゅうようです). He repeated the same mistake「彼は同じ間違いを繰り返した」(かれはおなじまちがいをくりかえした). The word can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as in music or patterns, where repetition is a key element.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6772

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Purple

Reading

Kanji

紫Purple, Violet

Explanation

The Japanese noun '紫 (むらさき)' refers to the color 'purple'. It is commonly used to describe objects, clothing, or natural elements that are purple in color. For example: the flower is purple「その花は紫です」(そのはなはむらさきです). She wore a purple dress「彼女は紫のドレスを着ていた」(かのじょはむらさきのドレスをきていた). Historically, '紫' was associated with nobility and high status in Japan, as purple dye was rare and expensive. This cultural nuance adds depth to its usage in literature and art.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6779

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hug

Reading

Kanji

抱Hug, Embrace 締Tighten, Bind

Explanation

The Japanese verb '抱き締める (だきしめる)' means 'to hug tightly' or 'to embrace firmly'. It conveys a sense of holding someone or something closely, often with strong emotion such as love, comfort, or relief. This verb is commonly used in situations where the act of hugging is more intense or heartfelt than a casual hug. For example: She hugged her child tightly「彼女は子供を抱き締めた」(かのじょはこどもをだきしめた). He hugged his friend tightly after a long time「彼は久しぶりに友達を抱き締めた」(かれはひさしぶりにともだちをだきしめた). The verb emphasizes the physical and emotional closeness of the action.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6781

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Adjacent

Reading

Kanji

隣Neighbor, Neighbouring 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verb '隣り合う (となりあう)' means 'to be adjacent' or 'to be next to each other'. It is used to describe things or people that are situated side by side or in close proximity. This verb often implies a sense of closeness or connection between the subjects. For example: The two houses are adjacent「その二つの家は隣り合っている」(そのふたつのいえはとなりあっている). The seats are next to each other「席が隣り合っている」(せきがとなりあっている). Note that this verb is commonly used in contexts where the relationship or positioning of two or more items is being described.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6786

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Punishment

Reading

Kanji

刑Punish

Explanation

The Japanese noun '刑 (けい)' refers to 'punishment' in the context of legal or judicial penalties. It is commonly used in legal terminology to describe the consequences imposed by law for committing a crime. For example: he received a severe punishment「彼は重い刑を受けた」(かれはおもいけいをうけた). The punishment for theft is imprisonment「窃盗の刑は懲役です」(せっとうのけいはちょうえきです). This word is often seen in compounds like '死刑 (しけい)' (death penalty) or '無期懲役刑 (むきちょうえきけい)' (life imprisonment).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6797

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Saint

Reading

Kanji

聖Saint, Holy 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '聖人 (せいじん)' refers to a 'saint', a person recognized for their exceptional holiness, virtue, or closeness to the divine. This term is often used in religious contexts, particularly within Buddhism and Christianity, to describe individuals who have achieved a high level of spiritual enlightenment or moral perfection. For example: He is regarded as a saint「彼は聖人と見なされている」(かれはせいじんとみなされている). The teachings of the saint are still followed today「その聖人の教えは今も守られている」(そのせいじんのおしえはいまもまもられている). In Japanese culture, the concept of a saint can also extend to historical figures or spiritual leaders who are revered for their wisdom and contributions to society.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6799

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ovulation

Reading

Kanji

排Exclude, Repudiate 卵Egg

Explanation

The Japanese noun '排卵 (はいらん)' refers to the biological process of ovulation, where an egg is released from the ovary. This term is commonly used in medical, biological, and everyday contexts related to reproduction and menstrual cycles. For example: Ovulation occurs around the middle of the menstrual cycle「排卵は月経周期の中頃に起こります」(はいらんはげっけいしゅうきのなかごろにおこります). She is tracking her ovulation「彼女は排卵を記録しています」(かのじょははいらんをきろくしています). The word is often used in discussions about fertility, pregnancy, and health.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6801

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hearth

Reading

Kanji

炉Furnace

Explanation

The Japanese noun '炉 (ろ)' refers to a 'hearth' or 'furnace'. It is commonly used to describe a fireplace or a structure used for heating or cooking. In traditional Japanese culture, the hearth holds significant importance, especially in tea ceremonies where the 'ro' is used to heat water. Example sentences: The hearth is warm「炉は暖かい」(ろはあたたかい). We gathered around the hearth「私たちは炉の周りに集まった」(わたしたちはろのまわりにあつまった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6804

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Broadcast, Relay

Reading

Kanji

中Center 継Succeed, Inherit

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '中継 (ちゅうけい)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'relay', which refers to the act of passing something along from one place or person to another, such as in a relay race or a relay of information. The second meaning is 'broadcast', specifically referring to the live transmission of events, such as sports or news, over television, radio, or the internet. For example: The game was broadcast live「試合は生中継された」(しあいはなまちゅうけいされた). The news was relayed to the station「ニュースが中継局に中継された」(ニュースがちゅうけいきょくにちゅうけいされた). Note that the context often determines which meaning is intended, as both are commonly used in modern Japanese.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6807

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Takeoff

Reading

Kanji

離Detach, Separate 陸Land

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '離陸 (りりく)' means 'takeoff' and is primarily used in the context of aviation to describe the moment when an aircraft leaves the ground and begins to fly. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the start of a project or endeavor. For example: The plane is about to take off「飛行機が離陸しようとしている」(ひこうきがりりくしようとしている). The new business is ready for takeoff「新しいビジネスが離陸の準備ができている」(あたらしいビジネスがりりくのじゅんびができている). Note that '離陸' is often used in formal or technical contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6811

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Currency

Reading

Kanji

貨Goods, Freight 幣Money, Cash

Explanation

The Japanese noun '貨幣 (かへい)' refers to 'currency' or 'money' in a formal or economic context. It specifically denotes the physical form of money, such as coins and banknotes, used as a medium of exchange. This term is often used in discussions about economics, history, or finance. For example: The history of currency is fascinating「貨幣の歴史は興味深い」(かへいのれきしはきょうみぶかい). This country uses a unique currency「この国は独特な貨幣を使う」(このくにはどくとくなかへいをつかう). Note that '貨幣' is more formal than 'お金 (おかね)', which is the everyday term for money.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6818

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bay

Reading

Kanji

江Creek, Inlet

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '江 (こう)' means 'bay' and is often used in geographical names to denote a bay or inlet. It is commonly found in place names, such as 'Tokyo Bay (東京湾, とうきょうわん)' or 'Osaka Bay (大阪湾, おおさかわん)'. This suffix is typically used in formal or historical contexts and is not commonly used in everyday conversation. For example: Tokyo Bay is beautiful「東京湾は美しい」(とうきょうわんはうつくしい). The ships are anchored in Osaka Bay「船は大阪湾に停泊している」(ふねはおおさかわんにていはくしている).

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6824

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Operation

Reading

Kanji

操Handle, Chastity 作Make

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '操作 (そうさ)' primarily means 'operation' or 'manipulation'. It is used to describe the act of handling, controlling, or managing something, such as machinery, systems, or even abstract concepts. For example: operating a machine「機械を操作する」(きかいをそうさする). Manipulating data「データを操作する」(データをそうさする). This word is often used in technical or professional contexts, such as in computing, engineering, or business. It can also imply a sense of control or influence over a situation or person, as in 'manipulating public opinion'「世論を操作する」(よろんをそうさする).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6834

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exercise

Reading

Kanji

体Body 操Handle, Chastity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '体操 (たいそう)' refers to physical exercise or gymnastics. It is commonly used to describe a set of physical activities performed to improve health, flexibility, or strength. This word is often associated with school routines, where students perform 'ラジオ体操 (ラジオたいそう)' (radio calisthenics) as a group. Example sentences: I do exercise every morning「私は毎朝体操をします」(わたしはまいあさたいそうをします). Gymnastics is good for your body「体操は体に良いです」(たいそうはからだにいいです). The word can also refer to formal gymnastics as a sport, such as in '体操競技 (たいそうきょうぎ)' (gymnastics competition).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6836

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Control

Reading

Kanji

操Handle, Chastity 縦Vertical

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '操縦 (そうじゅう)' means 'control' or 'operation', specifically in the context of operating machinery or vehicles. It is commonly used when referring to the act of steering, piloting, or managing something, such as a car, airplane, or ship. For example: He is skilled at controlling the airplane「彼は飛行機の操縦が上手だ」(かれはひこうきのそうじゅうがじょうずだ). The captain controls the ship「船長が船を操縦する」(せんちょうがふねをそうじゅうする). This word emphasizes the technical or skillful aspect of handling a machine or vehicle.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6837

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Spit, Discharge

Reading

Kanji

吐Spit, Spew 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '吐き出す (はきだす)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to spit out', which can refer to physically expelling something from the mouth, such as food or liquid. For example: he spit out the bitter medicine「彼は苦い薬を吐き出した」(かれはにがいくすりをはきだした). The second meaning is 'to discharge' or 'to emit', which can refer to releasing substances, gases, or even emotions. For example: the factory discharges waste into the river「工場は川に廃棄物を吐き出す」(こうじょうはかわにはいきぶつをはきだす). This verb is often used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it versatile in everyday and technical language.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6841

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Vertical writing

Reading

Kanji

縦Vertical 書Write

Explanation

The Japanese noun '縦書き (たてがき)' refers to the traditional style of writing in Japanese where text is arranged in vertical columns, read from top to bottom and right to left. This style is commonly used in books, newspapers, and formal documents. For example: This book is written in vertical writing「この本は縦書きです」(このほんはたてがきです). I prefer vertical writing for novels「小説は縦書きが好きです」(しょうせつはたてがきがすきです). It contrasts with '横書き (よこがき)', which is horizontal writing, typically used in digital formats and Western-style documents.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6842

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stay

Reading

Kanji

滞Stagnate 在Be, Exist

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '滞在 (たいざい)' means 'stay'. It refers to the act of staying or residing in a place temporarily, such as during a trip, vacation, or visit. It is commonly used in contexts related to travel, lodging, or temporary residence. For example: I will stay in Tokyo for three days「東京に三日間滞在します」(とうきょうにみっかかんたいざいします). His stay in Japan was very enjoyable「彼の日本での滞在はとても楽しかった」(かれのにほんでのたいざいはとてもたのしかった). The word is often paired with verbs like する (to do) or する予定 (plan to do) to indicate the act of staying.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6843

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Maintenance, Conservation

Reading

Kanji

保Preserve 守Protect

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '保守 (ほしゅ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'conservation', which refers to the act of preserving or protecting something, such as the environment or cultural heritage. For example: conservation of nature「自然の保守」(しぜんのほしゅ). The second meaning is 'maintenance', which refers to the act of keeping something in good condition or ensuring its proper functioning. For example: maintenance of equipment「設備の保守」(せつびのほしゅ). These two meanings are distinct and should not be confused. The word is commonly used in technical, environmental, and political contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6845

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Roundtrip

Reading

Kanji

往Journey, Go on 復Restore

Explanation

The Japanese noun '往復 (おうふく)' refers to a round trip, meaning going to a destination and returning. It is commonly used in contexts like transportation (e.g., train or plane tickets) or communication (e.g., letters or emails). For example: I bought a round-trip ticket「往復のチケットを買いました」(おうふくのチケットをかいました). The round-trip fare is 5,000 yen「往復料金は5000円です」(おうふくりょうきんはごせんえんです). This word can also metaphorically describe the back-and-forth nature of communication or exchanges.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6865

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Block

Reading

Kanji

遮Obstruct, Intercept

Explanation

The Japanese verb '遮る (さえぎる)' means 'to block' or 'to interrupt'. It is used to describe the act of obstructing something physically, such as blocking a path, or metaphorically, such as interrupting a conversation. For example: The wall blocks the view「壁が視界を遮る」(かべがしかいをさえぎる). He interrupted my speech「彼は私のスピーチを遮った」(かれはわたしのスピーチをさえぎった). This verb can also imply cutting off or hindering progress, as in 'The trees block the sunlight「木々が日光を遮る」(きぎがにっこうをさえぎる)'. It is often used in contexts where something is being prevented from continuing or being seen.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6870

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Outline, Essentials

Reading

Kanji

要Important, Need 項Clause, Paragraph

Explanation

The Japanese noun '要項 (ようこう)' refers to the key points, essentials, or an outline of something. It is often used in formal or academic contexts to describe the main points of a document, plan, or event. For example: Please check the outline of the event「イベントの要項を確認してください」(イベントのようこうをかくにんしてください). The essentials of the contract are summarized here「契約の要項はここにまとめられています」(けいやくのようこうはここにまとめられています). This word is commonly used in official documents, guidelines, or instructions to highlight the most important details.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6876

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clogs

Reading

Kanji

下Down 駄Poor quality, Burdensome

Explanation

The Japanese noun '下駄 (げた)' refers to traditional Japanese wooden clogs. These clogs are typically worn with yukata or kimono and have a distinctive elevated wooden base with a thong strap. They are often associated with traditional Japanese culture and festivals. For example: I bought new clogs「新しい下駄を買いました」(あたらしいげたをかいました). She is wearing clogs with her kimono「彼女は着物に下駄を履いています」(かのじょはきものにげたをはいています). The sound of clogs on the pavement is nostalgic「下駄の音は懐かしい」(げたのおとはなつかしい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6880

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Anesthesia

Reading

Kanji

麻Hemp, Numb 酔Drunk

Explanation

The Japanese noun '麻酔 (ますい)' refers to 'anesthesia', a medical practice used to induce a temporary loss of sensation or awareness. It is commonly used in medical contexts, such as surgeries or procedures, to prevent pain. For example: The surgery was performed under anesthesia「手術は麻酔下で行われた」(しゅじゅつはますいかでおこなわれた). The dentist used local anesthesia「歯医者は局部麻酔を使った」(はいしゃはきょくぶますいをつかった). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a numbing or dulling effect, such as in emotional contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6883

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Translation

Reading

Kanji

翻Flip, Render 訳Reason, Translation

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '翻訳 (ほんやく)' means 'translation'. It refers to the act of translating text or speech from one language to another. This term is commonly used in academic, professional, and everyday contexts. For example: I am doing a translation「翻訳をしています」(ほんやくをしています). This book is a translation of a French novel「この本はフランスの小説の翻訳です」(このほんはフランスのしょうせつのほんやくです). The word can also be used to describe the translated work itself, such as 'a translation of a poem' (詩の翻訳, しのほんやく).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6890

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Interpretation

Reading

Kanji

通Commute, Pass 訳Reason, Translation

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '通訳 (つうやく)' refers to the act of interpreting, particularly spoken language, between two parties who do not share a common language. It is commonly used in contexts such as international conferences, business meetings, or any situation where real-time language translation is required. For example: She is good at interpretation「彼女は通訳が上手です」(かのじょはつうやくがじょうずです). We need an interpreter for the meeting「会議に通訳が必要です」(かいぎにつうやくがひつようです). The term is distinct from '翻訳 (ほんやく)', which refers to written translation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6892

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Apologetic

Reading

Kanji

申Report 訳Reason, Translation

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '申し訳ない (もうしわけない)' means 'apologetic' or 'feeling deeply sorry'. It is used to express sincere regret or apology, often in formal or serious situations. This phrase conveys a strong sense of responsibility and remorse. For example: I am deeply sorry for the inconvenience「ご迷惑をおかけして申し訳ありません」(ごめいわくをおかけしてもうしわけありません). I feel terrible for being late「遅れてしまって申し訳ない」(おくれてしまってもうしわけない). The phrase is often used in polite or formal contexts, and it can be intensified by adding 'ございません' (e.g., '申し訳ございません') to make it even more respectful.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6893

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Correction

Reading

Kanji

訂Correct, Revise 正Correct

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '訂正 (ていせい)' means 'correction'. It refers to the act of revising or amending something to make it right or accurate. This term is commonly used in contexts such as correcting errors in documents, statements, or data. For example: Please make the necessary corrections「必要な訂正をしてください」(ひつようなていせいをしてください). The teacher made a correction to the student's answer「先生は学生の答えを訂正しました」(せんせいはがくせいのこたえをていせいしました). It is important to note that '訂正' is often used in formal or professional settings where accuracy is crucial.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6894

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rebellion

Reading

Kanji

反Anti 抗Resist, Confront

Explanation

The Japanese noun '反抗 (はんこう)' means 'rebellion' or 'defiance'. It refers to the act of resisting or opposing authority, control, or tradition. This word is often used in contexts involving youth, societal norms, or authority figures. For example: His rebellion against his parents was evident「彼の親への反抗は明らかだった」(かれのおやへのはんこうはあきらかだった). The students showed defiance towards the new rules「生徒たちは新しいルールに反抗を示した」(せいとたちはあたらしいルールにはんこうをしめした). The word can also imply a struggle against established systems or expectations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6898

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Debate

Reading

Kanji

討Chastise 論Theory, Argument

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '討論 (とうろん)' means 'debate'. It refers to a formal discussion or argument on a particular topic, often involving opposing viewpoints. This term is commonly used in academic, political, or professional settings where structured and reasoned arguments are exchanged. For example: We had a lively debate about the issue「その問題について活発な討論をした」(そのもんだいについてかっぱつなとうろんをした). The debate lasted for hours「討論は何時間も続いた」(とうろんはなんじかんもつづいた). It is important to note that '討論' implies a more formal and structured exchange of ideas compared to casual discussions.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6902

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Security

Reading

Kanji

安Cheap, Relax 保Preserve

Explanation

The Japanese noun '安保 (あんぽ)' is an abbreviation of '安全保障 (あんぜんほしょう)', which means 'security' or 'safety'. It is commonly used in contexts related to national security, international relations, or defense policies. For example: The government is discussing security issues「政府は安保問題を話し合っている」(せいふはあんぽもんだいをはなしあっている). The treaty focuses on regional security「その条約は地域の安保に焦点を当てている」(そのじょうやくはちいきのあんぽにしょうてんをあてている). This term is often used in formal or political discussions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6903

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Era

Reading

Kanji

紀Chronicle, Era 元Origin

Explanation

The Japanese noun '紀元 (きげん)' refers to an 'era' or 'epoch', particularly in the context of marking the beginning of a historical period or calendar system. It is often used in historical or academic contexts to denote significant starting points in time. For example: The Gregorian calendar starts from the year 1 AD「グレゴリオ暦は紀元1年から始まる」(グレゴリオれきはきげん1ねんからはじまる). The Meiji era marked a new epoch in Japanese history「明治時代は日本の歴史における新しい紀元を画した」(めいじじだいはにほんのれきしにおけるあたらしいきげんをかくした). Note that '紀元' can also be used metaphorically to describe the beginning of a significant event or movement.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6905

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Court

Reading

Kanji

宮Palace 廷Court

Explanation

The Japanese noun '宮廷 (きゅうてい)' refers to the 'court' in the sense of a royal or imperial court. It is used to describe the place where a monarch or emperor resides and conducts official business, as well as the people and activities associated with it. This term is often used in historical or formal contexts. For example: The emperor held a grand ceremony at the court「天皇は宮廷で盛大な儀式を行った」(てんのうはきゅうていでせいだいなぎしきをおこなった). The court was filled with nobles and dignitaries「宮廷には貴族や高官が集まっていた」(きゅうていにはきぞくやこうかんがあつまっていた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6906

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mortgage

Reading

Kanji

抵Resist, Match 当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '抵当 (ていとう)' refers to a 'mortgage' or 'collateral'. It is used in financial and legal contexts to describe property or assets pledged as security for a loan. If the borrower fails to repay the loan, the lender can take possession of the collateral. For example: The house is used as collateral for the loan「その家はローンに抵当に入れられている」(そのいえはローンにていとうにいれられている). He lost his property because he couldn't repay the mortgage「彼は抵当の返済ができずに財産を失った」(かれはていとうのへんさいができずにざいさんをうしなった). This term is commonly used in banking and real estate discussions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6907

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Courtroom

Reading

Kanji

法Law, Method 廷Court

Explanation

The Japanese noun '法廷 (ほうてい)' refers to a 'courtroom', the physical space where legal trials and hearings take place. It is a formal term used in legal contexts to describe the setting where judges, lawyers, defendants, and plaintiffs gather for judicial proceedings. For example: The trial was held in the courtroom「裁判は法廷で行われた」(さいばんはほうていでおこなわれた). The lawyer entered the courtroom「弁護士が法廷に入った」(べんごしがほうていにはいった). This word is specific to legal environments and is not used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6910

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attachment

Reading

Kanji

付Attach 属Belong

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '付属 (ふぞく)' refers to something that is attached or appended to a main object or entity. It is often used in contexts where additional items or features come with a primary product, such as accessories or supplementary materials. For example: The manual is an attachment to the product「マニュアルは製品に付属しています」(マニュアルはせいひんにふぞくしています). This school has many affiliated facilities「この学校には多くの付属施設があります」(このがっこうにはおおくのふぞくしせつがあります). The term can also imply a sense of belonging or being part of a larger system or organization.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6916

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Remarkable

Reading

Kanji

顕Appear, Manifest 著Renowned, Author

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '顕著 (けんちょ)' means 'remarkable' or 'notable'. It is used to describe something that is clearly visible, noticeable, or stands out due to its significance or impact. This word is often used in formal or academic contexts to highlight something that is particularly striking or evident. For example: The progress in technology is remarkable「技術の進歩は顕著だ」(ぎじゅつのしんぽはけんちょだ). The difference between the two groups was notable「二つのグループの違いは顕著だった」(ふたつのグループのちがいはけんちょだった). Note that '顕著' is typically used in written or formal speech rather than casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6917

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Desert

Reading

Kanji

砂Sand 漠Vague, Desert

Explanation

The Japanese noun '砂漠 (さばく)' means 'desert'. It refers to a barren area of land where little precipitation occurs, making it difficult for plants and animals to survive. This word is used to describe both natural deserts and metaphorical situations that feel barren or lifeless. For example: The Sahara is a vast desert「サハラは広大な砂漠です」(サハラはこうだいなさばくです). His heart felt like a desert「彼の心は砂漠のようだった」(かれのこころはさばくのようだった). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '砂漠地帯 (さばくちたい)' meaning 'desert region'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6924

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sculpture

Reading

Kanji

彫Carve 刻Engrave

Explanation

The Japanese noun '彫刻 (ちょうこく)' refers to 'sculpture'. It is used to describe the art of creating three-dimensional forms by carving, modeling, or assembling materials. This term can refer to both the process of creating sculptures and the finished artwork itself. For example: This museum has many sculptures「この博物館には彫刻がたくさんある」(このはくぶつかんにはちょうこくがたくさんある). He is famous for his sculptures「彼は彫刻で有名だ」(かれはちょうこくでゆうめいだ). The word is often used in contexts related to art, museums, and craftsmanship.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6927

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mostly

Reading

Kanji

大Big 概In general, Approximation

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '大概 (たいがい)' means 'mostly' or 'generally'. It is used to indicate that something is true in most cases or applies to the majority of a situation. This word often conveys a sense of approximation or generalization. For example: He is mostly right「彼の言うことは大概正しい」(かれのいうことはたいがいただしい). Most people go home after work「大概の人は仕事の後家に帰る」(たいがいのひとはしごとのあといえにかえる). Note that '大概' can also imply a sense of 'probably' or 'likely' in some contexts, but its primary meaning remains 'mostly'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6938

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Second, Unique

Reading

Kanji

乙Second, Latter

Explanation

The Japanese noun '乙 (おつ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'second', as in the second of ten heavenly stems used in the traditional Japanese calendar system. For example: today is the second day of the cycle「今日は乙の日です」(きょうはおつのひです). The second meaning is 'unique' or 'unconventional', often used to describe something quirky or distinctive. For example: that artist has a unique style「あのアーティストは乙なスタイルだ」(あのアーティストはおつなスタイルだ). This second usage is more colloquial and can sometimes carry a slightly humorous or ironic tone.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6943

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Summary

Reading

Kanji

概In general, Approximation 要Important, Need

Explanation

The Japanese noun '概要 (がいよう)' means 'summary' or 'overview'. It refers to a concise explanation or description of the main points of something, such as a document, event, or concept. This word is commonly used in formal or professional contexts, such as business meetings, academic papers, or project reports. For example: Please provide a summary of the report「レポートの概要を教えてください」(レポートのがいようをおしえてください). The overview of the project is clear「プロジェクトの概要は明確です」(プロジェクトのがいようはめいかくです). Note that '概要' emphasizes brevity and clarity, capturing the essence of the subject matter.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6944

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Advanced

Reading

Kanji

上Up 級Grade, Rank

Explanation

The Japanese noun '上級 (じょうきゅう)' refers to an 'advanced' level or rank. It is commonly used in educational or skill-based contexts to describe a higher level of proficiency, such as in language learning, martial arts, or professional training. For example: I am studying at the advanced level「私は上級を勉強しています」(わたしはじょうきゅうをべんきょうしています). This course is for advanced students「このコースは上級者向けです」(このコースはじょうきゅうしゃむけです). The term can also be used to describe higher ranks in organizations or hierarchies.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6946

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Savings

Reading

Kanji

貯Savings 蓄Amass, Store up

Explanation

The Japanese noun '貯蓄 (ちょちく)' refers to the act of saving money or resources, or the accumulated savings themselves. It is commonly used in financial contexts to describe the practice of setting aside money for future use. For example: I have been saving money for a house「家のために貯蓄をしています」(いえのためにちょちくをしています). It is important to save for emergencies「緊急時のために貯蓄することが重要です」(きんきゅうじのためにちょちくすることがじゅうようです). The term can also be used more broadly to refer to the accumulation of resources, not just money.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6948

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oppression

Reading

Kanji

抑Restrain, Suppress 圧Pressure

Explanation

The Japanese noun '抑圧 (よくあつ)' means 'oppression'. It refers to the act of using authority or power to control or suppress others, often in a cruel or unjust manner. This term is commonly used in social, political, or psychological contexts to describe situations where individuals or groups are subjected to unfair treatment or restrictions. For example: The government's oppression of its citizens「政府の抑圧」(せいふのよくあつ). She felt the oppression of societal expectations「彼女は社会の抑圧を感じた」(かのじょはしゃかいのよくあつをかんじた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe internal feelings of being overwhelmed or constrained.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6953

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Go, Proceed

Reading

Kanji

赴Proceed to

Explanation

The Japanese verb '赴く (おもむく)' primarily means 'to go' or 'to proceed' towards a specific destination or situation, often implying a sense of purpose or inevitability. It is commonly used in formal or literary contexts to describe moving towards a place, role, or state. For example: He went to the battlefield「彼は戦場に赴いた」(かれはせんじょうにおもむいた). She proceeded to her new job「彼女は新しい仕事に赴いた」(かのじょはあたらしいしごとにおもむいた). The verb can also carry a nuanced sense of moving towards a fate or outcome, as in '赴く運命 (おもむくうんめい) (destined fate)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6955

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Regulate, Enforce

Reading

Kanji

取Take 締Tighten, Bind

Explanation

The Japanese verb '取り締まる (とりしまる)' primarily means 'to regulate' or 'to enforce'. It is often used in contexts where rules, laws, or policies are being strictly monitored or controlled. For example, it can refer to the enforcement of traffic laws or the regulation of corporate activities. Example sentences: The police enforce the law「警察は法律を取り締まる」(けいさつはほうりつをとりしまる). The company regulates its employees' behavior「会社は従業員の行動を取り締まる」(かいしゃはじゅうぎょういんのこうどうをとりしまる).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6963

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Loosen

Reading

Kanji

緩Easy, Loose

Explanation

The Japanese verb '緩める (ゆるめる)' means 'to loosen' or 'to relax'. It is used to describe the action of making something less tight, less strict, or less intense. This verb can be applied to physical objects, such as loosening a knot, or to abstract concepts, such as relaxing rules or tension. For example: Please loosen the rope「ロープを緩めてください」(ロープをゆるめてください). The government decided to relax the regulations「政府は規制を緩めることに決めた」(せいふはきせいをゆるめることにきめた). It can also be used metaphorically, such as easing one's mind or reducing pressure.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6964

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gentle

Reading

Kanji

緩Easy, Loose

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '緩やか (ゆるやか)' means 'gentle' and is used to describe something that is not steep, intense, or strict. It can refer to physical slopes, such as a gentle hill, or abstract concepts, like a relaxed pace or lenient rules. For example: The slope is gentle「その坂は緩やかだ」(そのさかはゆるやかだ). The rules are lenient「そのルールは緩やかだ」(そのルールはゆるやかだ). This word often conveys a sense of ease or moderation, making it suitable for describing things that are not extreme or harsh.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6965

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fire

Reading

Kanji

火Fire 災Calamity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '火災 (かさい)' refers to a 'fire', specifically a destructive fire such as a building fire or wildfire. It is used in contexts where a fire causes damage or is an emergency situation. For example: The fire was extinguished quickly「火災はすぐに消し止められた」(かさいはすぐにけしとめられた). There was a fire in the building「ビルで火災があった」(ビルでかさいがあった). This term is commonly used in news reports, safety instructions, and emergency situations to describe fires that require intervention.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6968

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Empress

Reading

Kanji

皇Emperor 后Empress

Explanation

The Japanese noun '皇后 (こうごう)' refers to the 'empress', specifically the wife of the reigning emperor. This term is used in the context of the Japanese imperial family and carries a formal and respectful tone. For example: The empress attended the ceremony「皇后は式典に出席しました」(こうごうはしきてんにしゅっせきしました). The empress is known for her charity work「皇后は慈善活動で知られています」(こうごうはじぜんかつどうでしられています). This term is distinct from other titles like '皇太子妃 (こうたいしひ)' (crown princess) or '女帝 (じょてい)' (female emperor), as it specifically denotes the consort of the emperor.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6969

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dictionary

Reading

Kanji

辞Word, Resign 典Code, Rule

Explanation

The Japanese noun '辞典 (じてん)' refers to a 'dictionary', a reference book containing words and their meanings, often arranged alphabetically. It is commonly used for language learning or looking up definitions. For example: I bought a new dictionary「新しい辞典を買いました」(あたらしいじてんをかいました). This dictionary is very useful「この辞典はとても便利です」(このじてんはとてもべんりです). The word can also refer to specialized dictionaries, such as a kanji dictionary『漢字辞典』(かんじじてん).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6970

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Entrust

Reading

Kanji

託Entrust, Consign

Explanation

The Japanese verb '託する (たくする)' means 'to entrust' or 'to leave something to someone'. It is often used when someone delegates a task, responsibility, or decision to another person. This verb carries a nuance of trust and reliance. For example: I entrusted the decision to my friend「私はその決定を友人に託した」(わたしはそのけっていをゆうじんにたくした). He entrusted his will to his lawyer「彼は遺言を弁護士に託した」(かれはいごんをべんごしにたくした). This verb is typically used in formal or serious contexts, such as legal, business, or personal matters.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6971

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Loosen

Reading

Kanji

緩Easy, Loose

Explanation

The Japanese verb '緩む (ゆるむ)' means 'to loosen' or 'to slacken'. It describes something becoming less tight, less tense, or less strict. This verb can be used in both physical and abstract contexts. For example: The rope loosened「ロープが緩んだ」(ロープがゆるんだ). His expression softened「彼の表情が緩んだ」(かれのひょうじょうがゆるんだ). It can also describe a situation becoming less strict, such as rules or regulations: The rules have loosened「規則が緩んだ」(きそくがゆるんだ). Note that '緩む' often implies a gradual or natural process of becoming less tight or tense.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6973

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wall, Fence

Reading

Kanji

塀Wall, Fence

Explanation

The Japanese noun '塀 (へい)' refers to a fence or wall, typically used to enclose or divide spaces. It is commonly seen around properties, gardens, or buildings. The word can describe both low fences and tall walls, depending on the context. For example: The house is surrounded by a high wall「その家は高い塀に囲まれている」(そのいえはたかいへいにかこまれている). There is a wooden fence around the garden「庭の周りに木の塀がある」(にわのまわりにきのへいがある). Note that '塀' often implies a man-made structure, distinguishing it from natural barriers.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6979

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Poor

Reading

Kanji

貧Poor 乏Scanty, Scarce 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '貧乏人 (びんぼうにん)' refers to a 'poor person' or someone who lacks financial resources. It is often used to describe someone living in poverty or with limited means. The term can carry a neutral or slightly negative connotation depending on the context. For example: He is a poor person「彼は貧乏人だ」(かれはびんぼうにんだ). Many poor people live in this area「この地域には貧乏人が多い」(このちいきにはびんぼうにんがおおい). The word is composed of '貧乏 (びんぼう)', meaning 'poverty', and '人 (にん)', meaning 'person'. It is important to use this term carefully, as it can be sensitive or offensive in certain contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6988

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Treat, Behave

Reading

Kanji

振Shake, Swing 舞Dance

Explanation

The Japanese verb '振る舞う (ふるまう)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to behave' or 'to conduct oneself', often referring to how a person acts in a particular situation. For example: He behaved like a child「彼は子供のように振る舞った」(かれはこどものようにふるまった). The second meaning is 'to treat' or 'to entertain', often used when someone provides food, drinks, or hospitality to others. For example: She treated us to dinner「彼女は私たちに夕食を振る舞った」(かのじょはわたしたちにゆうしょくをふるまった). The verb can also imply a sense of generosity or acting in a way that is fitting for a situation. It is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6995

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Model

Reading

Kanji

模Imitation 範Model, Pattern

Explanation

The Japanese noun '模範 (もはん)' means 'model' or 'example'. It refers to a standard or pattern that serves as a guide for behavior, actions, or performance. This word is often used in contexts where someone or something is being held up as an ideal to emulate. For example: He is a model student「彼は模範的な学生です」(かれはもはんてきながくせいです). Follow the model example「模範に従ってください」(もはんにしたがってください). The term can also be used in professional or educational settings to describe exemplary conduct or work.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6998

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shortening

Reading

Kanji

短Short 縮Shrink

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '短縮 (たんしゅく)' means 'shortening'. It refers to the act of making something shorter in length, duration, or size. This term is often used in contexts such as time management, physical objects, or processes. For example: The meeting time was shortened「会議の時間が短縮された」(かいぎのじかんがたんしゅくされた). They shortened the document「彼らは文書を短縮した」(かれらはぶんしょをたんしゅくした). It can also be used in technical or formal contexts, such as 'shortening a URL'「URLを短縮する」(ゆーあーるえるをたんしゅくする).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7001

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hometown

Reading

Kanji

郷Hometown

Explanation

The Japanese noun '郷 (ごう)' refers to one's hometown or the place where one was born and raised. It carries a nostalgic or sentimental connotation, often evoking feelings of longing or attachment to one's roots. For example: I miss my hometown「郷が懐かしい」(ごうがなつかしい). He returned to his hometown「彼は郷に帰った」(かれはごうにかえった). This word is commonly used in literary or poetic contexts to emphasize a deep connection to one's place of origin.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7006

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Conclusion, Signing

Reading

Kanji

締Tighten, Bind 結Tie, Bind

Explanation

The Japanese noun '締結 (ていけつ)' refers to the act of concluding or formalizing an agreement, contract, or treaty. It is often used in formal or legal contexts to describe the finalization of a binding arrangement. For example: The two countries concluded a peace treaty「両国は平和条約を締結した」(りょうこくはへいわじょうやくをていけつした). The company signed a new contract with the supplier「会社はサプライヤーと新しい契約を締結した」(かいしゃはサプライヤーとあたらしいけいやくをていけつした). Note that '締結' emphasizes the formal and binding nature of the agreement, distinguishing it from casual or informal arrangements.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7008

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shrink, Shorten

Reading

Kanji

縮Shrink

Explanation

The Japanese verb '縮める (ちぢめる)' primarily means 'to shrink' or 'to shorten'. It is used to describe the action of making something smaller in size, length, or volume. This verb can be applied to physical objects, such as clothes shrinking in the wash, or abstract concepts, like shortening a speech. For example: I shrank the sweater「セーターを縮めた」(セーターをちぢめた). He shortened the meeting「彼は会議を縮めた」(かれはかいぎをちぢめた). The verb can also imply reducing something in a more general sense, such as reducing time or distance.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7014

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shrink

Reading

Kanji

縮Shrink

Explanation

The Japanese verb '縮む (ちぢむ)' means 'to shrink' or 'to contract'. It is used to describe something becoming smaller in size, length, or volume, often due to external factors like heat, cold, or pressure. For example: The sweater shrank in the wash「セーターが洗濯で縮んだ」(セーターがせんたくでちぢんだ). When scared, my body shrinks「怖いとき、体が縮む」(こわいとき、からだがちぢむ). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe someone becoming timid or withdrawn, as in 'He shrank back in fear'「彼は怖くて縮んだ」(かれはこわくてちぢんだ).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7015

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shrinkage

Reading

Kanji

縮Shrink

Explanation

The Japanese noun '縮み (ちぢみ)' refers to the act or state of shrinking, contracting, or becoming smaller. It is often used to describe physical shrinkage, such as fabric shrinking after washing, or metaphorical contraction, like a decrease in size or scope. For example: The shirt has shrinkage after washing「そのシャツは洗濯後に縮みがある」(そのシャツはせんたくごにちぢみがある). The company experienced a shrinkage in profits「その会社は利益の縮みを経験した」(そのかいしゃはりえきのちぢみをけいけんした). This word is commonly used in contexts involving textiles, materials, or measurable reductions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7016

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shrink

Reading

Kanji

縮Shrink

Explanation

The Japanese verb '縮まる (ちぢまる)' means 'to shrink' or 'to contract'. It is used to describe something becoming smaller in size, length, or volume. This verb can be used for physical objects, such as clothes shrinking in the wash, or for abstract concepts, like time feeling shorter. For example: The sweater shrank in the wash「セーターが洗濯で縮まった」(セーターがせんたくでちぢまった). Time seems to shrink when you're having fun「楽しいときは時間が縮まる」(たのしいときはじかんがちぢまる). Note that '縮まる' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7017

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Swell

Reading

Kanji

膨Swell

Explanation

The Japanese verb '膨れる (ふくれる)' means 'to swell' or 'to puff up'. It is often used to describe something physically expanding, such as a balloon or a swollen body part. It can also be used metaphorically to describe someone puffing up with emotion, such as anger or pride. For example: The balloon swelled up「風船が膨れた」(ふうせんがふくれた). Her cheeks puffed up in anger「彼女は怒って頬を膨らませた」(かのじょはおこってほほをふくらませた). Note that this verb can also imply a temporary or exaggerated state, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7033

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exhibition

Reading

Kanji

展Unfold, Expand

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '展 (てん)' is commonly used to denote an exhibition or display. It is often attached to nouns to indicate that the event or place is related to showcasing something, such as art, products, or collections. For example: art exhibition「美術展」(びじゅつてん). This suffix is frequently used in formal contexts and is a key part of many event names. Another example: photography exhibition「写真展」(しゃしんてん). The suffix '展' is versatile and can be used in various contexts, but it always retains its core meaning of an exhibition or display.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7043

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Step in

Reading

Kanji

踏Step on, Step 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '踏み込む (ふみこむ)' means 'to step into' or 'to enter deeply'. This verb is often used to describe physically stepping into a space, but it can also be used metaphorically to describe delving deeply into a subject or situation. For example: He stepped into the room「彼は部屋に踏み込んだ」(かれはへやにふみこんだ). The detective delved deeply into the case「探偵は事件に踏み込んだ」(たんていはじけんにふみこんだ). It's important to note that this verb often carries a connotation of entering a space or situation with determination or force.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7046

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reflection, Reaction

Reading

Kanji

反Anti 射Shoot

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '反射 (はんしゃ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'reflection', which refers to the bouncing back of light, sound, or heat from a surface. For example: The light reflects off the mirror「光が鏡に反射する」(ひかりがかがみにはんしゃする). The second meaning is 'reaction', which refers to an automatic or involuntary response to a stimulus. For example: He reacted quickly to the sound「彼はその音に素早く反射した」(かれはそのおとにすばやくはんしゃした). It's important to note that the context in which '反射' is used will determine which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7048

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Advisor

Reading

Kanji

顧Look back, Review 問Question, Problem

Explanation

The Japanese noun '顧問 (こもん)' refers to an advisor or consultant, typically someone who provides expert advice or guidance in a professional or organizational setting. This term is often used in business, educational, or governmental contexts to describe someone who offers strategic or specialized advice. For example: He is a company advisor「彼は会社の顧問です」(かれはかいしゃのこもんです). The school hired a new advisor「学校は新しい顧問を雇いました」(がっこうはあたらしいこもんをやといました). The role of a '顧問' is usually formal and may involve long-term collaboration.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7056

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Salvation

Reading

Kanji

救Rescue

Explanation

The Japanese noun '救い (すくい)' means 'salvation' or 'rescue'. It refers to the act of saving someone or something from harm, danger, or suffering. This word is often used in both literal and metaphorical contexts, such as saving someone from a physical threat or providing emotional relief. For example: He is my salvation「彼は私の救いだ」(かれはわたしのすくいだ). The rescue team arrived just in time「救いのチームがちょうど間に合った」(すくいのチームがちょうどまにあった). The word can also imply a sense of hope or deliverance in difficult situations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7057

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting