word

Meaning

Registration

Reading

Kanji

登Ascend 記Record

Explanation

The Japanese noun '登記 (とうき)' refers to the legal registration of property, rights, or other official matters. It is commonly used in contexts involving real estate, land ownership, or legal documentation. For example: I completed the property registration「不動産の登記を済ませた」(ふどうさんのとうきをすませた). The land registration is required「土地の登記が必要です」(とちのとうきがひつようです). This term is often used in formal or legal settings and is essential for establishing legal ownership or rights.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4562

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Repayment

Reading

Kanji

返Return 済Finish, Settle

Explanation

The Japanese noun '返済 (へんさい)' refers to the act of repaying or settling a debt, loan, or obligation. It is commonly used in financial contexts, such as repaying a loan or mortgage. For example: I will repay the loan next month「来月にローンを返済します」(らいげつにローンをへんさいします). The repayment period is five years「返済期間は5年です」(へんさいきかんはごねんです). This word emphasizes the completion of a financial obligation and is often used in formal or business settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4563

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reserve

Reading

Kanji

予Beforehand 備Equip, Provide

Explanation

The Japanese noun '予備 (よび)' means 'reserve' or 'preparation'. It refers to something kept in store or set aside for future use, such as resources, supplies, or backup plans. It can also imply preparation for potential situations. For example: We have a reserve of food「予備の食料がある」(よびのしょくりょうがある). He is preparing for the exam「彼は試験の予備をしている」(かれはしけんのよびをしている). This word is often used in contexts like '予備知識 (よびちしき)' (preliminary knowledge) or '予備校 (よびこう)' (cram school).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4564

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Great

Reading

Kanji

偉Great, Admirable 大Big

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '偉大 (いだい)' means 'great' and is used to describe something or someone of extraordinary significance, importance, or magnitude. It often conveys a sense of awe or admiration. This word is typically used in formal or literary contexts to describe historical figures, achievements, or monumental events. For example: He is a great leader「彼は偉大なリーダーです」(かれはいだいなリーダーです). The discovery was a great achievement「その発見は偉大な業績でした」(そのはっけんはいだいなぎょうせきでした). Note that '偉大' carries a stronger and more formal tone compared to other words like 'すごい' or '大きい'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4573

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Direction, Production

Reading

Kanji

演Perform 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '演出 (えんしゅつ)' primarily refers to the direction or staging of a performance, such as in theater, film, or television. It can also mean the overall production or arrangement of an event or show. This term is often used in creative contexts to describe the artistic decisions made to bring a performance to life. For example: The director's staging was impressive「演出家の演出が素晴らしかった」(えんしゅつかのえんしゅつがすばらしかった). The production of the play was outstanding「その劇の演出は素晴らしかった」(そのげきのえんしゅつはすばらしかった). Note that '演出' is distinct from '監督 (かんとく)', which refers more specifically to the role of a director in film or television.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4575

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pain

Reading

Kanji

苦Suffer 痛Pain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '苦痛 (くつう)' refers to 'pain', particularly in the context of physical or emotional suffering. It is often used to describe intense discomfort or distress. For example: He endured great pain「彼は大きな苦痛に耐えた」(かれはおおきなくつうにたえた). The pain was unbearable「その苦痛は耐えられなかった」(そのくつうはたえられなかった). This word can be used in both literal and metaphorical contexts, such as physical injuries or emotional hardships. It carries a strong connotation of suffering and is typically used in serious or grave situations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4577

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dozens

Reading

Kanji

数Number 十Ten

Explanation

The Japanese noun '数十 (すうじゅう)' means 'dozens' and is used to indicate an approximate quantity ranging from around 20 to 99. It is often used when the exact number is unknown or unimportant, but the speaker wants to convey a general sense of magnitude. For example: dozens of people attended the event「数十人がイベントに参加した」(すうじゅうにんがイベントにさんかした). There are dozens of books on the shelf「本棚には数十冊の本がある」(ほんだなにはすうじゅうさつのほんがある). Note that '数十' is a somewhat formal term and is commonly used in written or formal spoken contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4578

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Establishment, Fixation

Reading

Kanji

定Determine 着Arrive, Wear

Explanation

The Japanese noun '定着 (ていちゃく)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'fixation', which refers to the act of fixing something in place or making it stable. For example: the fixation of the dye on the fabric「染料の定着がしっかりしている」(せんりょうのていちゃくがしっかりしている). The second meaning is 'establishment', which refers to the process of something becoming widely accepted or recognized. For example: the establishment of new customs「新しい習慣の定着」(あたらしいしゅうかんのていちゃく). This word is often used in contexts related to technology, culture, or social norms, where something is being made permanent or widely adopted.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4592

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nature

Reading

Kanji

天Heaven 然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese noun '天然 (てんねん)' primarily means 'nature' or 'natural'. It refers to things that exist or occur in the natural world, without human intervention. This term can also be used to describe someone who is naturally talented or has an innate quality. For example: This park is full of natural beauty「この公園は天然の美しさに満ちている」(このこうえんはてんねんのうつくしさにみちている). She has a natural talent for singing「彼女は歌うことが天然の才能だ」(かのじょはうたうことがてんねんのさいのうだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4593

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Legend

Reading

Kanji

伝Transmit 説Theory, Explanation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '伝説 (でんせつ)' means 'legend'. It refers to a traditional story or myth that is often passed down through generations, typically involving extraordinary events or characters. This word is commonly used to describe historical or cultural tales that may or may not have a basis in fact. For example: This mountain is famous for its legend「この山は伝説で有名です」(このやまはでんせつでゆうめいです). The legend of the hero has been told for centuries「英雄の伝説は何世紀も語られてきた」(えいゆうのでんせつはなんせいきもかたられてきた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something or someone that has achieved an almost mythical status due to their extraordinary qualities or achievements.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4602

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fatigue

Reading

Kanji

疲Tire, Exhausted

Explanation

The Japanese noun '疲れ (つかれ)' means 'fatigue' or 'tiredness'. It refers to the physical or mental state of being exhausted or worn out. This word is commonly used to describe the feeling after exertion, stress, or lack of rest. For example: I feel fatigue「疲れを感じる」(つかれをかんじる). His fatigue is noticeable「彼の疲れが目立つ」(かれのつかれがめだつ). It can also be used in phrases like '疲れが取れる (つかれがとれる)', meaning 'to recover from fatigue'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4610

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Swallow, Comprehend

Reading

Kanji

飲Drink 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '飲み込む (のみこむ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to swallow', referring to the physical act of consuming food or drink. For example: he swallowed the pill「彼は薬を飲み込んだ」(かれはくすりをのみこんだ). The second meaning is 'to comprehend' or 'to grasp', often used metaphorically to describe understanding something fully. For example: she quickly comprehended the situation「彼女はすぐに状況を飲み込んだ」(かのじょはすぐにじょうきょうをのみこんだ). The verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it versatile in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4615

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suffering

Reading

Kanji

苦Suffer

Explanation

The Japanese noun '苦しみ (くるしみ)' means 'suffering'. It refers to physical or emotional pain, distress, or hardship. This word is often used in contexts related to personal struggles, life challenges, or philosophical discussions about the nature of pain. For example: he endured great suffering「彼は大きな苦しみに耐えた」(かれはおおきなくるしみにたえた). The suffering of the patients was evident「患者たちの苦しみは明らかだった」(かんじゃたちのくるしみはあきらかだった). It can also be used metaphorically, such as in 'the suffering of the soul'「魂の苦しみ」(たましいのくるしみ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4618

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expenses

Reading

Kanji

経Manage, Elapse 費Expense

Explanation

The Japanese noun '経費 (けいひ)' refers to 'expenses' or 'costs', particularly those incurred in the course of business or work-related activities. It is commonly used in professional or financial contexts to describe expenditures necessary for operations, such as office supplies, travel costs, or other operational outlays. For example: The company covers all business expenses「会社はすべての経費を負担します」(かいしゃはすべてのけいひをふたんします). We need to reduce unnecessary expenses「不要な経費を削減する必要があります」(ふようなけいひをさくげんするひつようがあります). This term is often used in accounting or budgeting discussions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4619

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Engrossed

Reading

Kanji

夢Dream 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '夢中 (むちゅう)' means 'engrossed' or 'absorbed'. It describes a state of being completely focused or captivated by something, often to the point of losing awareness of one's surroundings. This word is commonly used to express deep involvement in activities, hobbies, or emotions. For example: I was engrossed in the game「ゲームに夢中だった」(ゲームにむちゅうだった). She is absorbed in her studies「彼女は勉強に夢中です」(かのじょはべんきょうにむちゅうです). The word can also imply a sense of obsession or infatuation, as in: He is infatuated with her「彼は彼女に夢中だ」(かれはかのじょにむちゅうだ).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4624

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Vehicle

Reading

Kanji

車Car 両Both

Explanation

The Japanese noun '車両 (しゃりょう)' refers to a 'vehicle'. This term is commonly used in contexts related to transportation, such as trains, cars, or any type of rolling stock. It is a formal term and is often used in technical or official settings. For example: The train has ten vehicles「その列車は車両が十両ある」(そのれっしゃはしゃりょうがじゅうりょうある). The damaged vehicle was removed from the track「損傷した車両が線路から撤去された」(そんしょうしたしゃりょうがせんろからてっきょされた). This word is also used in compound terms like '車両基地 (しゃりょうきち)' (vehicle depot) or '車両限界 (しゃりょうげんかい)' (vehicle clearance).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4637

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Introduce

Reading

Kanji

名Name 乗Ride

Explanation

The Japanese verb '名乗る (なのる)' means 'to introduce oneself' or 'to give one's name'. It is used when someone formally or officially states their name, often in situations like introductions, formal meetings, or when identifying oneself. For example: He introduced himself as Tanaka「彼は田中と名乗った」(かれはたなかとなのった). The suspect refused to give his name「容疑者は名乗ることを拒んだ」(ようぎしゃはなのることをこばんだ). This verb can also imply a sense of pride or identity when stating one's name, especially in historical or formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4638

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gray hair

Reading

Kanji

白White 髪Hair

Explanation

The Japanese noun '白髪 (しらが)' refers to 'gray hair' or 'white hair'. It is commonly used to describe hair that has lost its natural color due to aging or stress. This word is often used in contexts related to aging or appearance. For example: My father has gray hair「父は白髪だ」(ちちはしらがだ). She noticed a few gray hairs「彼女は白髪を数本見つけた」(かのじょはしらがをすうほんみつけた). The term can also carry a poetic or reflective nuance when discussing the passage of time or life changes.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4640

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Name

Reading

Kanji

名Name 付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '名付ける (なづける)' means 'to name'. It is used when giving a name to someone or something, often in a formal or deliberate manner. This verb is commonly used in contexts such as naming a child, a pet, or even a project. For example: They named their daughter Sakura「彼らは娘をさくらと名付けた」(かれらはむすめをさくらとなづけた). The scientist named the new species『科学者は新種を名付けた』(かがくしゃはしんしゅをなづけた). The verb can also imply a sense of significance or thoughtfulness in the naming process, as it is not used casually.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4644

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Continuation

Reading

Kanji

持Hold 続Continue

Explanation

The Japanese noun '持続 (じぞく)' means 'continuation' or 'sustaining'. It refers to the act of maintaining or prolonging a state, condition, or activity over time. This word is often used in contexts related to sustainability, persistence, or ongoing processes. For example: The continuation of peace is important「平和の持続は重要です」(へいわのじぞくはじゅうようです). Sustaining economic growth is challenging「経済成長の持続は難しい」(けいざいせいちょうのじぞくはむずかしい). It can also be used in scientific or technical contexts to describe the duration or persistence of a phenomenon.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4647

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Understand

Reading

Kanji

解Solve, Untie

Explanation

The Japanese verb '解する (かいする)' means 'to understand' or 'to comprehend'. It is often used in formal or literary contexts to describe the act of grasping the meaning or essence of something. This verb can be used for abstract concepts, ideas, or explanations. For example: I understand the meaning of this poem「この詩の意味を解する」(このしのいみをかいする). He couldn't comprehend the complex theory「彼はその複雑な理論を解することができなかった」(かれはそのふくざつなりろんをかいすることができなかった). Note that '解する' is more formal than the more commonly used '理解する (りかいする)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4649

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Queen

Reading

Kanji

女Woman 王King

Explanation

The Japanese noun '女王 (じょおう)' means 'queen'. It refers to a female monarch or the wife of a king. This term is used in both historical and modern contexts to denote a woman who holds the highest position of power in a monarchy. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a woman who is preeminent in a particular field or domain. Example sentences: The queen is loved by her people「女王は国民に愛されている」(じょおうはこくみんにあいされている). She is the queen of the fashion world「彼女はファッション界の女王だ」(かのじょはファッションかいのじょおうだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4652

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Watch

Reading

Kanji

見See 守Protect

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見守る (みまもる)' means 'to watch over' or 'to keep an eye on'. It is often used to describe the act of observing someone or something carefully, usually with a sense of care, protection, or supervision. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as parents watching over their children, a supervisor overseeing a project, or even a guardian angel metaphorically watching over someone. For example: The teacher watched over the students during the field trip「先生は遠足の間、生徒たちを見守った」(せんせいはえんそくのあいだ、せいとたちをみまもった). I will watch over you while you sleep「あなたが眠っている間、見守ります」(あなたがねむっているあいだ、みまもります). The verb implies a sense of responsibility and attentiveness, often with a protective or caring nuance.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4661

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Civil code

Reading

Kanji

民People, Nation 法Law, Method

Explanation

The Japanese noun '民法 (みんぽう)' refers to the 'civil code', which is a body of laws that govern private legal matters such as contracts, property, family law, and obligations between individuals. It is a crucial part of the legal system in Japan, regulating the legal relationships of citizens. For example: the civil code regulates marriage and divorce 「民法は結婚と離婚を規定している」 (みんぽうはけっこんとりこんをきていしている). He studies civil code at university 「彼は大学で民法を勉強している」 (かれはだいがくでみんぽうをべんきょうしている). The term is commonly used in legal contexts and is essential for understanding Japanese law.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4668

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Involvement

Reading

Kanji

関Barrier, Related 与Give, Involvement

Explanation

The Japanese noun '関与 (かんよ)' means 'involvement'. It refers to the act of participating or being involved in a situation, event, or activity, often implying some level of responsibility or influence. This word is commonly used in formal or professional contexts, such as business, politics, or legal matters. For example: His involvement in the project was significant「彼のプロジェクトへの関与は大きかった」(かれのプロジェクトへのかんよはおおきかった). The company denied any involvement in the scandal「その会社はスキャンダルへの関与を否定した」(そのかいしゃはスキャンダルへのかんよをひていした). Note that '関与' often carries a neutral or slightly negative connotation, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4673

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Point

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 点Point

Explanation

The Japanese noun '地点 (ちてん)' means 'point' in the sense of a specific location or spot. It is commonly used to refer to a particular place or position, often in geographical or spatial contexts. For example: the meeting point is here「集合地点はここです」(しゅうごうちてんはここです). The starting point of the race is over there「レースの出発地点はあそこです」(レースのしゅっぱつちてんはあそこです). This word is often used in formal or technical contexts, such as in maps, directions, or scientific discussions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4674

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strive

Reading

Kanji

努Toil

Explanation

The Japanese verb '努める (つとめる)' means 'to strive' or 'to make an effort'. It is used to describe putting in effort or working diligently toward a goal. This verb is often used in formal or serious contexts, such as work, studies, or personal improvement. For example: I strive to improve my skills「私はスキルを向上させるよう努めています」(わたしはすきるをこうじょうさせるようつとめています). He strives to be a good father「彼は良い父親になるよう努めている」(かれはよいちちおやになるようつとめている). Note that '努める' can also imply a sense of duty or responsibility in the effort being made.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4676

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dusk

Reading

Kanji

暮Livelihood

Explanation

The Japanese noun '暮れ (くれ)' refers to the time of day when the sun is setting and it is becoming dark, commonly translated as 'dusk' or 'evening'. It is often used to describe the period at the end of the day, but can also metaphorically refer to the end of a season or period in life. For example: The sky at dusk is beautiful「暮れの空は美しい」(くれのそらはうつくしい). The year is coming to an end「年の暮れが近づいている」(としのくれがちかづいている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4678

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Year end gift

Reading

Kanji

歳Year, Years old 暮Livelihood

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'お歳暮 (おせいぼ)' refers to a traditional year-end gift given to express gratitude to people such as teachers, bosses, or relatives. This custom is deeply rooted in Japanese culture and is typically given in December. The gifts often include items like food, alcohol, or household goods. For example: I received a year-end gift from my boss「上司からお歳暮をもらいました」(じょうしからおせいぼをもらいました). We sent a year-end gift to our relatives「親戚にお歳暮を送りました」(しんせきにおせいぼをおくりました). The practice of giving お歳暮 is a way to show appreciation and maintain social relationships.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4679

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dangerous

Reading

Kanji

危Dangerous

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '危ない (あぶない)' primarily means 'dangerous'. It is used to describe situations, actions, or objects that pose a risk or threat. For example: that road is dangerous「その道は危ない」(そのみちはあぶない). It can also imply a sense of urgency or warning, such as 'be careful' or 'watch out'. For instance: watch out, it's dangerous!「危ない、気をつけて！」(あぶない、きをつけて！). Additionally, '危ない' can sometimes be used colloquially to describe something as 'risky' or 'precarious', like a risky bet「危ない賭け」(あぶないかけ).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4683

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Saved

Reading

Kanji

助Help

Explanation

The Japanese verb '助かる (たすかる)' means 'to be saved' or 'to be rescued'. It is often used to express relief or gratitude when someone or something is saved from a difficult or dangerous situation. This verb can also imply being helped or assisted in a way that alleviates a burden. For example: I was saved by the doctor「医者に助かった」(いしゃにたすかった). It really helps me out「とても助かります」(とてもたすかります). The verb is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts, such as being saved from physical danger or being relieved from stress or work.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4685

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unnecessary

Reading

Kanji

不Not 要Important, Need

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不要 (ふよう)' means 'unnecessary'. It is used to describe something that is not needed or required. This word is often used in formal or practical contexts, such as in instructions, warnings, or when discussing items or actions that are superfluous. For example: This tool is unnecessary「この道具は不要です」(このどうぐはふようです). Unnecessary items should be removed「不要なものは取り除いてください」(ふようなものはとりのぞいてください). The word can also imply that something is redundant or excessive, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4689

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cultivation, Development

Reading

Kanji

育Raise, Grow 成Become

Explanation

The Japanese noun '育成 (いくせい)' refers to the process of nurturing, developing, or cultivating something or someone. It is often used in contexts related to raising children, training employees, or growing plants. For example: the development of young athletes「若いアスリートの育成」(わかいアスリートのいくせい). The cultivation of new talent「新しい才能の育成」(あたらしいさいのうのいくせい). This word emphasizes a deliberate and systematic effort to foster growth or improvement.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4695

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Look around

Reading

Kanji

見See 回Revolve, Times

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見回す (みまわす)' means 'to look around' or 'to survey'. It is used when someone is scanning or observing their surroundings, often with the intention of checking or inspecting something. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as looking around a room, surveying a landscape, or inspecting a situation. For example: He looked around the room「彼は部屋を見回した」(かれはへやをみまわした). The security guard surveyed the area「警備員はそのエリアを見回した」(けいびいんはそのえりあをみまわした). The verb often implies a deliberate or thorough action of observation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4701

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Commerce

Reading

Kanji

商Trade, Deal 業Business

Explanation

The Japanese noun '商業 (しょうぎょう)' refers to 'commerce' or 'trade'. It is used to describe the activity of buying and selling goods and services, especially on a large scale. This term is often used in contexts related to business, economics, and industry. For example: Commerce is important for the economy「商業は経済にとって重要です」(しょうぎょうはけいざいにとってじゅうようです). The city is a center of commerce「その都市は商業の中心です」(そのとしはしょうぎょうのちゅうしんです). The word can also appear in compound terms like '商業施設 (しょうぎょうしせつ)' (commercial facilities) or '商業地域 (しょうぎょうちいき)' (commercial district).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4707

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drag

Reading

Kanji

引Pull

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引きずる (ひきずる)' primarily means 'to drag'. It can be used both literally and figuratively. In a literal sense, it refers to pulling something along the ground, such as dragging a heavy object. For example: He dragged the suitcase「彼はスーツケースを引きずった」(かれはスーツケースをひきずった). Figuratively, it can describe prolonging or dragging out a situation, emotion, or problem. For example: She dragged out the conversation「彼女は会話を引きずった」(かのじょはかいわをひきずった). Additionally, it can imply being weighed down by something, such as lingering feelings or consequences. For example: He is still dragging the past「彼はまだ過去を引きずっている」(かれはまだかこをひきずっている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4717

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

In company

Reading

Kanji

社Company 内Inside

Explanation

The Japanese noun '社内 (しゃない)' refers to something that is within a company or organization. It is commonly used to describe activities, communications, or matters that occur inside a company. For example: in-company training「社内研修」(しゃないけんしゅう). The email is for internal use only「このメールは社内専用です」(このメールはしゃないせんようです). This term is often used in business contexts to distinguish between internal and external affairs.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4720

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Below

Reading

Kanji

下Down 記Record

Explanation

The Japanese noun '下記 (かき)' means 'below' or 'the following'. It is commonly used in written contexts, such as documents, articles, or instructions, to refer to information that is listed or explained further down in the text. For example: please refer to the information below「下記の情報をご参照ください」(かきのじょうほうをごさんしょうください). The details are as follows「下記の通りです」(かきのとおりです). This word is often used in formal or business settings to direct the reader's attention to specific details or instructions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4724

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Neglect

Reading

Kanji

放Release 置Put

Explanation

The Japanese noun '放置 (ほうち)' means 'neglect' or 'leaving something as it is without taking action'. It is often used to describe situations where something is ignored or abandoned, either intentionally or unintentionally. For example: the neglect of the problem led to bigger issues「問題の放置が大きな問題を引き起こした」(もんだいのほうちがおおきなもんだいをひきおこした). The car was left abandoned on the side of the road「車が道端に放置されていた」(くるまがみちばたにほうちされていた). This word can also be used in contexts like '放置プレイ (ほうちプレイ)', which refers to a gaming strategy where the player leaves the game running without active input.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4737

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Doze

Reading

Kanji

居Reside, Be 眠Sleep, Sleepy

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '居眠り (いねむり)' refers to the act of dozing off or taking a nap, often unintentionally or in a situation where one is expected to be awake, such as during a meeting or class. It implies a light, brief sleep rather than a deep, intentional rest. For example: I dozed off during the meeting「会議中に居眠りをした」(かいぎちゅうにいねむりをした). The student was dozing in class「その学生は授業中に居眠りをしていた」(そのがくせいはじゅぎょうちゅうにいねむりをしていた). This word is often used to describe a situation where someone falls asleep due to boredom or fatigue.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4742

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grasp

Reading

Kanji

取Take

Explanation

The Japanese noun '取り (とり)' primarily means 'grasp' or 'hold'. It refers to the act of taking or holding something. This word is often used in contexts where something is being seized, captured, or held firmly. For example: He has a firm grasp on the situation「彼は状況をしっかりと取りしている」(かれはじょうきょうをしっかりととりしている). The act of taking the lead「リードを取りする」(りーどをとりする). It can also be used in compound words to denote the act of taking or handling something, such as '取り扱い (とりあつかい)' which means 'handling' or 'treatment'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4758

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shout

Reading

Kanji

怒Anger, Angry 鳴Chirp

Explanation

The Japanese verb '怒鳴る (どなる)' means 'to shout' or 'to yell', often in an angry or harsh manner. It is used to describe raising one's voice loudly, typically in situations of frustration, anger, or to assert dominance. For example: He shouted at his subordinate「彼は部下に怒鳴った」(かれはぶかにどなった). Don't shout at me!「私に怒鳴らないで！」(わたしにどならないで！). The verb carries a negative connotation and is often associated with aggression or lack of control. It is important to distinguish it from neutral or positive forms of raising one's voice, such as calling out loudly (叫ぶ, さけぶ).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4760

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Meet

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'お目に掛かる (おめにかかる)' is a humble and polite expression meaning 'to meet' or 'to have the honor of meeting someone.' It is often used in formal situations or when showing respect to someone of higher status. For example: I had the honor of meeting the professor「教授にお目に掛かりました」(きょうじゅにおめにかかりました). It is important to note that this verb is typically used in the context of meeting someone for the first time or in a formal setting, and it conveys a sense of humility and respect.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4761

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inevitability

Reading

Kanji

必Inevitable, Certain 然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese noun '必然 (ひつぜん)' means 'inevitability'. It refers to something that is certain to happen or cannot be avoided. This word is often used in philosophical, logical, or formal contexts to describe outcomes or events that are bound to occur due to certain conditions or laws. For example: the inevitability of change「変化の必然」(へんかのひつぜん). It was inevitable that he would succeed「彼が成功するのは必然だった」(かれがせいこうするのはひつぜんだった). The word can also imply a sense of necessity or logical consequence, as in '必然の結果 (ひつぜんのけっか) (inevitable result)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4767

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Coincidence

Reading

Kanji

偶Couple, By chance 然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '偶然 (ぐうぜん)' means 'coincidence'. It refers to something happening by chance, without any deliberate intention or planning. This word is often used to describe unexpected events or encounters that seem to happen by luck or fate. For example: It was a coincidence that we met「偶然会った」(ぐうぜんあった). By coincidence, I found the book I was looking for「偶然、探していた本を見つけた」(ぐうぜん、さがしていたほんをみつけた). The word can also be used to express surprise or wonder at how things align unexpectedly.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4769

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Even

Reading

Kanji

偶Couple, By chance 数Number

Explanation

The Japanese noun '偶数 (ぐうすう)' refers to an 'even number', which is an integer divisible by 2. This term is commonly used in mathematics, everyday counting, and contexts where numerical parity is relevant. For example: 4 is an even number「4は偶数です」(よんはぐうすうです). The sum of two even numbers is also even「2つの偶数の和も偶数です」(ふたつのぐうすうのわもぐうすうです). The concept of even numbers is fundamental in arithmetic and is often contrasted with odd numbers (奇数, きすう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4770

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sound, Ring

Reading

Kanji

鳴Chirp

Explanation

The Japanese verb '鳴らす (ならす)' primarily means 'to ring' or 'to sound'. It is used when making a sound or noise, often intentionally, such as ringing a bell or sounding an alarm. For example: He rang the bell「彼はベルを鳴らした」(かれはベルをならした). The alarm sounded loudly「アラームが大きく鳴らした」(アラームがおおきくならした). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe making one's presence or opinion known, as in 'to make noise' in a figurative sense. It is important to note that '鳴らす' is transitive, meaning it requires a direct object to indicate what is being sounded or rung.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4774

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reception

Reading

Kanji

受Accept 信Trust

Explanation

The Japanese noun '受信 (じゅしん)' refers to the act of receiving or the state of being received, particularly in the context of signals, messages, or data. It is commonly used in technical or communication-related contexts, such as receiving radio signals, emails, or other forms of electronic communication. For example: The reception of the radio signal is weak「ラジオの受信が弱い」(ラジオのじゅしんがよわい). I received an email「メールを受信した」(メールをじゅしんした). This term is often paired with its counterpart '送信 (そうしん)', which means 'transmission' or 'sending'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4777

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Less

Reading

Kanji

未Not yet 満Full

Explanation

The Japanese noun '未満 (みまん)' means 'less than' or 'under'. It is used to indicate that something does not meet a certain threshold or standard. For example: children under 12 years old「12歳未満の子供」(12さいみまんのこども). The temperature is below freezing「氷点未満の気温」(ひょうてんみまんのきおん). This word is often used in formal or technical contexts, such as legal documents, rules, or specifications. It is important to note that '未満' is used exclusively for quantities or measurements that are strictly below the stated value, not equal to it.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4796

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Late night

Reading

Kanji

深Deep 夜Night

Explanation

The Japanese noun '深夜 (しんや)' refers to the late hours of the night, typically after midnight. It is often used to describe activities or events that occur during this time, such as late-night work, broadcasting, or transportation. For example: I work late at night「私は深夜に働く」(わたしはしんやにはたらく). The train runs until late at night「電車は深夜まで走る」(でんしゃはしんやまではしる). This term is commonly used in contexts like '深夜番組 (しんやばんぐみ) (late-night show)' or '深夜営業 (しんやえいぎょう) (late-night business hours)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4808

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Enter, Board

Reading

Kanji

乗Ride 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '乗り込む (のりこむ)' primarily means 'to board' or 'to enter' a vehicle or a place, often with a sense of purpose or determination. It is commonly used when someone gets into a car, train, airplane, or other modes of transportation. For example: I boarded the train「電車に乗り込んだ」(でんしゃにのりこんだ). The soldiers entered the building「兵士たちが建物に乗り込んだ」(へいしたちがたてものにのりこんだ). The verb can also imply a sense of actively engaging or immersing oneself in a situation, such as entering a new project or challenge. For instance: She dove into the new project「彼女は新しいプロジェクトに乗り込んだ」(かのじょはあたらしいぷろじぇくとにのりこんだ).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4816

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inspector

Reading

Kanji

警Warn 部Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '警部 (けいぶ)' refers to a police inspector, a specific rank within the Japanese police force. This term is used to denote a senior officer who typically oversees investigations or commands a police station. For example: The inspector solved the case「警部が事件を解決した」(けいぶがじけんをかいけつした). He was promoted to inspector「彼は警部に昇進した」(かれはけいぶにしょうしんした). The rank of '警部' is above '警部補 (けいぶほ)' and below '警視 (けいし)' in the Japanese police hierarchy.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4820

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Limit

Reading

Kanji

限Limit 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese noun '限度 (げんど)' refers to a 'limit' or 'boundary'. It is used to describe the maximum extent or degree of something that is possible or allowed. This word is often used in contexts where there is a restriction or a cap on quantity, capacity, or ability. For example: There is a limit to human patience「人間の忍耐には限度がある」(にんげんのにんたいにはげんどがある). The credit card has a spending limit「クレジットカードには利用限度がある」(クレジットカードにはりようげんどがある). It can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as limits of knowledge or endurance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4821

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accommodation

Reading

Kanji

収Obtain 容Contain, Looks

Explanation

The Japanese noun '収容 (しゅうよう)' refers to the act of accommodating or housing people, objects, or animals within a space. It is often used in contexts such as facilities, shelters, or institutions where individuals or items are contained or housed. For example: The shelter accommodates 100 people「その避難所は100人を収容する」(そのひなんじょは100にんをしゅうようする). The prison can house up to 500 inmates「その刑務所は500人まで収容できる」(そのけいむしょは500にんまでしゅうようできる). This word can also be used in broader contexts, such as data storage or event capacity, but its core meaning revolves around the concept of containment or accommodation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4823

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Smile

Reading

Kanji

笑Laugh

Explanation

The Japanese noun '笑み (えみ)' refers to a 'smile'. It is often used to describe a gentle or subtle smile, sometimes with a sense of warmth or kindness. This word is commonly used in literary or poetic contexts to convey a serene or heartfelt expression. For example: her smile was gentle「彼女の笑みは優しかった」(かのじょのえみはやさしかった). A faint smile appeared on his face「彼の顔に薄い笑みが浮かんだ」(かれのかおにうすいえみがうかんだ). Note that '笑み' is distinct from '笑顔 (えがお)', which refers to a broader or more visible smile.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4828

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Scream

Reading

Kanji

悲Sad 鳴Chirp

Explanation

The Japanese noun '悲鳴 (ひめい)' refers to a scream or shriek, often one that is high-pitched and expresses fear, pain, or surprise. It is commonly used to describe the sound someone makes when they are startled, terrified, or in distress. For example: she let out a scream「彼女は悲鳴を上げた」(かのじょはひめいをあげた). The sound of a scream echoed through the forest「悲鳴が森に響いた」(ひめいがもりにひびいた). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe a situation or event that causes extreme distress or panic, such as 'the stock market's scream (悲鳴) due to the crash'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4835

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dispute

Reading

Kanji

争Dispute

Explanation

The Japanese noun '争い (あらそい)' refers to a dispute, conflict, or quarrel. It is used to describe a situation where there is a disagreement or struggle between parties, often involving arguments or competition. This word can apply to both personal conflicts and larger-scale disputes, such as legal or political battles. Example sentences: There was a dispute between the neighbors「隣人同士の争いがあった」(りんじんどうしのあらそいがあった). The siblings often quarrel「兄弟はよく争う」(きょうだいはよくあらそう). Note that '争い' can also imply a sense of competition, as in 'a struggle for power'「権力争い」(けんりょくあらそい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4838

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Correct, Hit

Reading

Kanji

当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '当 (とう)' can have multiple meanings depending on the context. One common meaning is 'hit', referring to a successful strike or impact, often used in sports or games. For example: That was a direct hit「それは直接の当だった」(それはちょくせつのとうだった). Another meaning is 'correct', used to indicate accuracy or correctness in answers or predictions. For example: Your answer is correct「あなたの答えは当です」(あなたのこたえはとうです). The word '当' is versatile and its usage can vary widely, so it's important to pay attention to the context in which it is used.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4842

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Trend

Reading

Kanji

動Move 向Facing, Yonder

Explanation

The Japanese noun '動向 (どうこう)' refers to the direction or trend in which something is developing or moving. It is often used in contexts such as politics, economics, or social movements to describe the general direction or tendency of events or opinions. For example: the trend of the market「市場の動向」(しじょうのどうこう). The political trend is unclear「政治の動向は不透明だ」(せいじのどうこうはふとうめいだ). This word is commonly used in formal or analytical contexts to discuss shifts or patterns in various fields.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4846

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Equal

Reading

Kanji

等Equal

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '等しい (ひとしい)' means 'equal'. It is used to describe things that are identical in quantity, value, or status. This word can be applied to mathematical contexts, comparisons, or abstract concepts. For example: their scores are equal「彼らのスコアは等しい」(かれらのスコアはひとしい). The two options are equal in value「その二つの選択肢は価値が等しい」(そのふたつのせんたくしはかちがひとしい). Note that '等しい' is often used in formal or written contexts, and it can also imply fairness or equivalence in a broader sense.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4851

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bonus

Reading

Kanji

御Honorable, General honorific term 負Defeat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '御負け (おまけ)' refers to something extra or a bonus given to a customer, often as a promotional item or a free addition to a purchase. It is commonly used in retail and marketing contexts. For example: The store gave me a bonus「店が御負けをくれた」(みせがおまけをくれた). This product comes with a bonus「この商品には御負けがついている」(このしょうひんにはおまけがついている). The term can also imply a small gift or an additional benefit, enhancing the value of the main product.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4852

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Old

Reading

Kanji

老Old, Aged

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '老 (ろう)' means 'old' and is used to indicate age or seniority. It is often attached to nouns to describe something or someone as being old or elderly. For example: old man「老人」(ろうじん). old age「老年」(ろうねん). This prefix is commonly used in formal or respectful contexts to refer to elderly people or things that have aged. It carries a nuance of respect and experience, especially when referring to people.

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4856

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Correct

Reading

Kanji

然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese verb '然り (しかり)' is a classical or formal term meaning 'correct' or 'to be so'. It is often used in written or formal contexts to affirm or agree with a statement. In modern Japanese, it is less commonly used in everyday conversation but may appear in literature, legal documents, or formal speeches. For example: That is correct「それは然り」(それはしかり). The decision is correct「その決定は然り」(そのけっていはしかり). Note that this verb is often used in its classical form and may sound archaic in casual settings.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4871

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Series

Reading

Kanji

一One 連Take along

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一連 (いちれん)' means 'series'. It refers to a sequence or chain of related events, actions, or items. This word is often used to describe a connected set of occurrences or objects. For example: a series of incidents「一連の事件」(いちれんのじけん). A series of meetings「一連の会議」(いちれんのかいぎ). It can also be used in contexts like 'a series of steps' or 'a series of articles'. The word emphasizes the continuity or connection between the elements in the sequence.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4875

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ability

Reading

Kanji

能Ability

Explanation

The Japanese noun '能 (のう)' primarily means 'ability' or 'capability'. It refers to the capacity or skill to perform a task or achieve something. This word is often used in contexts related to personal or professional skills, such as in '彼は語学の能がある (かれはごがくののうがある)', which translates to 'He has a talent for languages'. Additionally, '能' can also refer to Noh, a traditional form of Japanese theater, but this is a completely different and unrelated meaning. For example: Noh is a traditional Japanese performance art「能は日本の伝統芸能です」(のうはにほんのでんとうげいのうです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4880

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Add

Reading

Kanji

付Attach 加Join, Add

Explanation

The Japanese verb '付け加える (つけくわえる)' means 'to add' or 'to append'. It is used when someone wants to include additional information, details, or elements to something that already exists. This verb is often used in both formal and informal contexts, such as in conversations, writing, or instructions. For example: I will add a comment to the report「レポートにコメントを付け加えます」(レポートにコメントをつけくわえます). She added some spices to the soup「彼女はスープにスパイスを付け加えた」(かのじょはスープにスパイスをつけくわえた). The nuance of this verb implies that the addition is supplementary or enhancing, rather than being the main focus.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4898

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Communication, Transmission

Reading

Kanji

伝Transmit 達Attain, Plural

Explanation

The Japanese noun '伝達 (でんたつ)' refers to the act of transmitting or communicating information, messages, or instructions from one person or place to another. It is often used in formal or organizational contexts, such as in workplaces, schools, or official communications. For example: The transmission of information is crucial「情報の伝達は重要です」(じょうほうのでんたつはじゅうようです). The teacher communicated the instructions clearly「先生は指示を明確に伝達しました」(せんせいはしじをめいかくにでんたつしました). Note that '伝達' emphasizes the process of conveying information accurately and effectively.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4904

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

South

Reading

Kanji

南South 部Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '南部 (なんぶ)' refers to the 'southern part' of a region, area, or country. It is often used in geographical contexts to describe the southern portion of a place. For example: The southern part of Japan is warm「日本の南部は暖かい」(にほんのなんぶはあたたかい). The southern region of the country is known for its beaches「その国の南部はビーチで有名です」(そのくにのなんぶはビーチでゆうめいです). This term is commonly used in place names or to specify a location within a larger area.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4911

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

End

Reading

Kanji

仕Serve 舞Dance

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'お仕舞い (おしまい)' means 'end' or 'conclusion'. It is often used to indicate the conclusion of an event, story, or activity. This word carries a sense of finality and is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: the movie has ended「映画はお仕舞いです」(えいがはおしまいです). The party is over「パーティーはお仕舞い」(パーティーはおしまい). It can also be used to express that something is finished or done, as in 'that's it' or 'that's all'. Note that 'お仕舞い' is often written in hiragana as 'おしまい' in modern usage.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4914

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Essence, Vitality

Reading

Kanji

精Spirit, Refine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '精 (せい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'essence', referring to the intrinsic nature or indispensable quality of something. For example: the essence of life「生命の精」(せいめいのせい). The second meaning is 'vitality', referring to the state of being strong and active. For example: he has a lot of vitality「彼は精が溢れている」(かれはせいがあふれている). This word is often used in contexts related to energy, spirit, or the core nature of something. It can also appear in compounds, such as '精神 (せいしん)' meaning 'mind' or 'spirit'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4923

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Change

Reading

Kanji

変Change, Abnormal

Explanation

The Japanese noun '変わり (かわり)' means 'change'. It refers to a transformation, alteration, or difference in something. This word is often used to describe a shift in state, condition, or situation. For example: there was a big change in the weather「天気に大きな変わりがあった」(てんきにおおきなかわりがあった). I noticed a change in his attitude「彼の態度に変わりを感じた」(かれのたいどにかわりをかんじた). It can also be used in phrases like '変わりがない (かわりがない)', meaning 'there is no change' or 'it remains the same'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4924

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

City

Reading

Kanji

都Metropolis 会Meet

Explanation

The Japanese noun '都会 (とかい)' refers to a 'city' or 'urban area'. It emphasizes the bustling, modern, and metropolitan aspects of a city, often contrasting with rural areas. This term is commonly used to describe the lifestyle, environment, or atmosphere of a city. For example: I prefer the city over the countryside「私は田舎より都会が好きです」(わたしはいなかよりとかいがすきです). The city is full of opportunities「都会にはチャンスがたくさんあります」(とかいにはチャンスがたくさんあります). Note that '都会' carries a nuance of sophistication and modernity, making it distinct from more general terms like '都市 (とし)' which simply means 'city' in a neutral sense.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4926

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wealth

Reading

Kanji

富Wealth, Rich

Explanation

The Japanese noun '富 (とみ)' refers to 'wealth' or 'riches'. It is used to describe an abundance of valuable possessions, money, or resources. This word can be used in both literal and figurative contexts, such as material wealth or the wealth of knowledge. For example: He accumulated great wealth「彼は大きな富を築いた」(かれはおおきなとみをきずいた). The wealth of this country is vast「この国の富は大きい」(このくにのとみはおおきい). Note that '富' can also be used in compound words, such as '富国 (ふこく)' meaning 'wealthy nation'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4927

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Point

Reading

Kanji

指Finger 差Difference

Explanation

The Japanese verb '指差す (ゆびさす)' means 'to point' or 'to indicate with a finger'. It is used when someone uses their finger to direct attention to something or someone. This verb is commonly used in everyday situations, such as giving directions or identifying objects. For example: He pointed at the map「彼は地図を指差した」(かれはちずをゆびさした). She pointed to the sign「彼女は看板を指差した」(かのじょはかんばんをゆびさした). The verb can also be used metaphorically to indicate something indirectly or to highlight an issue.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4930

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Surgery

Reading

Kanji

外Outside 科Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '外科 (げか)' refers to the medical field of surgery or the surgical department in a hospital. It is used to describe the branch of medicine that involves operative procedures to treat diseases, injuries, or deformities. For example: He works in the surgery department「彼は外科で働いています」(かれはげかではたらいています). I need to visit the surgery department「外科に行く必要があります」(げかにいくひつようがあります). This term is commonly used in medical contexts and is distinct from other medical fields like internal medicine (内科, ないか).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4936

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Statement

Reading

Kanji

表Surface, Express 明Bright

Explanation

The Japanese noun '表明 (ひょうめい)' means 'statement' or 'declaration'. It refers to the act of clearly expressing one's thoughts, opinions, or intentions, often in a formal or public context. This word is commonly used in political, business, or official settings. For example: The president made a statement「大統領が表明した」(だいとうりょうがひょうめいした). The company issued a declaration of its new policy「会社が新しい方針を表明した」(かいしゃがあたらしいほうしんをひょうめいした). Note that '表明' is often used with verbs like 'する' (to do) or '出す' (to issue) to indicate the act of making a statement.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4939

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Not at all

Reading

Kanji

一One 向Facing, Yonder

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一向 (いっこう)' is used to emphasize that something is not happening or not being done at all, often in a negative context. It is commonly paired with negative verbs or expressions to convey a strong sense of 'not at all' or 'not in the least.' For example: He is not improving at all「彼は一向に良くならない」(かれはいっこうによくならない). The work is not progressing at all「仕事が一向に進まない」(しごとがいっこうにすすまない). This adverb is often used to express frustration or disappointment when something is not changing or improving despite expectations.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4967

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Outside

Reading

Kanji

外Outside 側Side

Explanation

The Japanese noun '外側 (そとがわ)' refers to the 'outside' or 'outer side' of something. It is used to describe the external part or surface of an object, area, or structure. For example: the outside of the box is red「箱の外側は赤い」(はこのそとがわはあかい). Please clean the outside of the window「窓の外側を掃除してください」(まどのそとがわをそうじしてください). This word is often used in contrast to '内側 (うちがわ)', which means 'inside' or 'inner side'. It can also be used metaphorically to describe external appearances or superficial aspects.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4972

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crime

Reading

Kanji

犯Crime

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '犯 (はん)' means 'crime' and is used to denote someone who has committed a specific type of crime. It is often attached to nouns to form compound words that describe the perpetrator of a crime. For example: a thief is a '窃盗犯 (せっとうはん)'. A murderer is a '殺人犯 (さつじんはん)'. This suffix is commonly used in legal and news contexts to specify the nature of the crime committed. Example sentences: The police arrested the thief「警察は窃盗犯を逮捕した」(けいさつはせっとうはんをたいほした). The murderer was sentenced to life imprisonment「殺人犯は終身刑を宣告された」(さつじんはんはしゅうしんけいをせんこくされた).

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4975

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Topple

Reading

Kanji

倒Topple, Overthrow

Explanation

The Japanese verb '倒す (たおす)' primarily means 'to topple' or 'to knock down'. It is used to describe the action of causing something or someone to fall over, either physically or metaphorically. For example: He toppled the opponent in the match「彼は試合で相手を倒した」(かれはしあいであいてをたおした). The storm toppled the trees「嵐が木を倒した」(あらしがきをたおした). Additionally, '倒す' can be used in a figurative sense, such as defeating an enemy or overcoming a challenge. For example: They toppled the corrupt government「彼らは腐敗した政府を倒した」(かれらはふはいしたせいふをたおした).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4976

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Take, Withdraw

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 取Take

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引き取る (ひきとる)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to take' or 'to take in', often used in contexts where someone takes responsibility for something or someone, such as taking in a stray animal or accepting a package. For example: I took in the stray cat「私はその野良猫を引き取った」(わたしはそののらねこをひきとった). The second meaning is 'to withdraw' or 'to retire', used in contexts where someone steps back or retreats from a situation. For example: He withdrew from the meeting「彼は会議から引き取った」(かれはかいぎからひきとった). The verb can also imply a sense of responsibility or care, especially in the first meaning.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4987

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Village, Settlement

Reading

Kanji

集Gather 落Fall

Explanation

The Japanese noun '集落 (しゅうらく)' refers to a small community or group of houses, typically in a rural area. It can be translated as 'village' or 'settlement'. This term is often used to describe a small, clustered group of dwellings, often in a remote or less urbanized area. For example: The village is surrounded by mountains「その集落は山に囲まれている」(そのしゅうらくはやまにかこまれている). The settlement was established centuries ago「その集落は何世紀も前に作られた」(そのしゅうらくはなんせいきもまえにつくられた). Note that '集落' emphasizes the physical grouping of houses or buildings, rather than the administrative or cultural aspects of a community.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4991

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Early

Reading

Kanji

早Early, Fast 期Time, Period

Explanation

The Japanese noun '早期 (そうき)' means 'early' and is often used to refer to the early stages of something, such as a period, phase, or condition. It is commonly used in contexts like early detection, early treatment, or early stages of development. For example: early detection of cancer「がんの早期発見」(がんのそうきはっけん). Early treatment is important「早期治療が重要です」(そうきちりょうがじゅうようです). The word emphasizes the importance of acting or identifying something in its initial stages.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5008

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Characteristic

Reading

Kanji

特Special 性Gender, Sex

Explanation

The Japanese noun '特性 (とくせい)' means 'characteristic' or 'property'. It refers to a distinctive feature or quality that defines something or someone. This word is often used in scientific, technical, or descriptive contexts to highlight specific attributes. For example: the characteristics of this material are unique「この材料の特性はユニークです」(このざいりょうのとくせいはユニークです). Each animal has its own characteristics「それぞれの動物には独自の特性がある」(それぞれのどうぶつにはどくじのとくせいがある). The word can also be used in abstract contexts, such as describing personality traits or inherent qualities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5014

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Education

Reading

Kanji

文Sentence 部Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '文部 (もんぶ)' refers to matters related to education, culture, or academic affairs. Historically, it was associated with government ministries or departments overseeing education and culture. For example: the Ministry of Education「文部省」(もんぶしょう). The term is often used in formal or historical contexts. Note that '文部' is not commonly used in everyday conversation but may appear in official or academic settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5016

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Harmony

Reading

Kanji

和Peace

Explanation

The Japanese noun '和 (わ)' primarily means 'harmony'. It refers to a state of peaceful coexistence, balance, or agreement, often used in contexts involving relationships, society, or art. For example: harmony between people「人々の和」(ひとびとのわ). This word is deeply rooted in Japanese culture, emphasizing the importance of unity and cooperation. It can also refer to traditional Japanese style, as in '和風 (わふう)', meaning 'Japanese style'. Another example: the harmony of nature「自然の和」(しぜんのわ). Note that while '和' can sometimes refer to 'Japan' or 'Japanese', this usage is more abstract and context-dependent, often tied to cultural or historical references.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5017

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hurt

Reading

Kanji

痛Pain

Explanation

The Japanese verb '痛む (いたむ)' means 'to hurt' or 'to feel pain'. It is used to describe physical pain, emotional pain, or even the deterioration of objects. For example: my head hurts「頭が痛む」(あたまがいたむ). Her heart ached when she heard the news「その知らせを聞いて、彼女の心が痛んだ」(そのしらせをきいて、かのじょのこころがいたんだ). The old book is deteriorating「古い本が痛んでいる」(ふるいほんがいたんでいる). This verb can be used for both animate and inanimate subjects, making it versatile in describing various types of pain or damage.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5018

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Authorities

Reading

Kanji

当Hit, Appropriate 局Bureau

Explanation

The Japanese noun '当局 (とうきょく)' refers to 'authorities' or 'the relevant authorities'. It is commonly used to describe government bodies, administrative organizations, or officials in charge of a specific matter. This term is often used in formal or official contexts. For example: The authorities are investigating the incident「当局はその事件を調査中です」(とうきょくはそのじけんをちょうさちゅうです). The local authorities issued a warning「地元当局は警告を発しました」(じもととうきょくはけいこくをはっしました). The word is neutral in tone and does not carry any inherent positive or negative connotations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5023

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Concern

Reading

Kanji

係Person in charge, Connection

Explanation

The Japanese verb '係る (かかる)' means 'to concern' or 'to relate to'. It is used to indicate that something is connected to or involves a particular matter or subject. This verb is often used in formal or official contexts. For example: This issue concerns everyone「この問題は皆に係る」(このもんだいはみなにかかる). The decision relates to the company's future「その決定は会社の将来に係る」(そのけっていはかいしゃのしょうらいにかかる). Note that '係る' is typically used in written or formal speech, and in casual conversation, other verbs like '関係する (かんけいする)' might be more common.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5024

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Left

Reading

Kanji

放Release

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '放し (はなす)' is used to indicate that something is left in a particular state or condition, often implying neglect or abandonment. It is commonly attached to verbs to form compound words. For example: the door was left open「ドアが開け放しだった」(ドアがあけはなしだった). The lights were left on「電気がつけ放しだった」(でんきがつけはなしだった). This suffix can also imply a sense of carelessness or lack of attention to the state of something.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5029

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Evolution

Reading

Kanji

進Advance 化Change

Explanation

The Japanese noun '進化 (しんか)' means 'evolution'. It refers to the process of gradual development or change, often used in biological contexts to describe the development of species over time. However, it can also be applied to non-biological contexts, such as technological or societal progress. For example: the evolution of technology「技術の進化」(ぎじゅつのしんか). The evolution of species「種の進化」(しゅのしんか). This word is commonly used in scientific discussions, but it can also appear in everyday conversations to describe progress or improvement.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5033

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Favorable

Reading

Kanji

好Like, Fond

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '好 (こう)' is used to indicate something that is favorable, liked, or preferred. It is often attached to nouns to form compound words that express a positive inclination or preference towards something. For example: '好評 (こうひょう)' means 'favorable reputation' or 'popularity', and '好意 (こうい)' means 'goodwill' or 'kindness'. Example sentences: The new product received favorable reviews「新製品は好評だった」(しんせいひんはこうひょうだった). He showed goodwill towards his colleagues「彼は同僚に好意を示した」(かれはどうりょうにこういをしめした).

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5036

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

End, Die

Reading

Kanji

果Fruit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '果てる (はてる)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to end' or 'to come to an end', often used to describe the conclusion of events, situations, or processes. The second meaning is 'to die', which is a more poetic or literary usage, often implying a final or irreversible end. For example: The meeting came to an end「会議が果てた」(かいぎがはてた). The old man passed away「老人は果てた」(ろうじんははてた). This verb carries a sense of finality and is often used in more formal or dramatic contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5037

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Peek

Reading

Kanji

込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'のぞき込む (のぞきこむ)' means 'to peek' or 'to look into something closely'. It is often used when someone is trying to see something by leaning forward or looking into a confined space. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: she peeked into the box「彼女は箱をのぞき込んだ」(かのじょははこをのぞきこんだ). He peered into the dark room「彼は暗い部屋をのぞき込んだ」(かれはくらいへやをのぞきこんだ). The verb implies curiosity or an attempt to see something that is not immediately visible.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5045

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Disclosure

Reading

Kanji

開Open 示Show, Indicate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '開示 (かいじ)' means 'disclosure'. It refers to the act of making information, facts, or data known to others, often in a formal or legal context. This term is commonly used in legal, corporate, or administrative settings where transparency is required. For example: The company made a public disclosure of its financial records「会社は財務記録を開示しました」(かいしゃはざいむきろくをかいじしました). The court ordered the disclosure of evidence「裁判所は証拠の開示を命じた」(さいばんしょはしょうこのかいじをめいじた). Note that '開示' is often used in contexts involving legal obligations or ethical transparency.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5048

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Omit

Reading

Kanji

欠Lack

Explanation

The Japanese verb '欠かす (かかす)' means 'to omit' or 'to leave out'. It is used when something essential or expected is not included or done. This verb often implies that the omitted thing is important or necessary. For example: I never omit breakfast「私は朝食を欠かさない」(わたしはちょうしょくをかかさない). He omitted an important detail in his report「彼は報告書で重要な詳細を欠かした」(かれはほうこくしょでじゅうようなしょうさいをかかした). The verb can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as omitting a step in a process or skipping a routine.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5052

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Model, Type

Reading

Kanji

機Machine, Opportunity 種Kind, Variety

Explanation

The Japanese noun '機種 (きしゅ)' refers to the model or type of a device, machine, or equipment. It is commonly used in contexts related to electronics, appliances, or machinery to specify a particular version or variant. For example: This smartphone model is popular「このスマートフォンの機種は人気です」(このスマートフォンのきしゅはにんきです). The new type of printer is more efficient「新しいプリンターの機種はより効率的です」(あたらしいプリンターのきしゅはよりこうりつてきです). The word is often used in technical or commercial settings to differentiate between different versions of products.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5059

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

At most

Reading

Kanji

精Spirit, Refine

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '精々 (せいぜい)' means 'at most' or 'at best'. It is used to indicate the maximum limit or extent of something, often implying that the result or outcome is not particularly impressive or satisfactory. For example: I can only do this much at most「精々これくらいしかできない」(せいぜいこれくらいしかできない). At best, we can expect ten people to attend「精々10人くらいは来るだろう」(せいぜいじゅうにんくらいはくるだろう). This adverb is commonly used in situations where there is a limitation or constraint, and it often carries a tone of resignation or modest expectation.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5089

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

End

Reading

Kanji

仕Serve 舞Dance

Explanation

The Japanese noun '仕舞い (しまい)' means 'end' or 'conclusion'. It is often used to describe the final part of something, such as an event, a process, or a story. This word carries a nuance of finality and completion. For example: the end of the movie「映画の仕舞い」(えいがのしまい). The party came to an end「パーティーは仕舞いになった」(パーティーはしまいになった). It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as the end of an era「時代の仕舞い」(じだいのしまい). Note that '仕舞い' is often written in hiragana as 'しまい' in modern usage.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5090

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Souvenir

Reading

Kanji

土Soil 産Give birth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '土産 (みやげ)' refers to a 'souvenir' or a gift brought back from a trip or visit to a place. It is commonly used to describe items purchased or received as a memento of a journey or as a gift for someone else. For example: I bought a souvenir from Kyoto「京都で土産を買いました」(きょうとでみやげをかいました). She gave me a souvenir from her trip「彼女は旅行の土産をくれました」(かのじょはりょこうのみやげをくれました). The word can also imply a sense of thoughtfulness, as it is often given to friends, family, or colleagues upon returning from a trip.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5092

Composition

kanji

Handwriting