Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Kanji JLPT Level

word

Meaning

Suffice, Be in time

Reading

Kanji

間Interval, Space 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verb '間に合う (まにあう)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to be in time,' referring to arriving or completing something before a deadline or the expected time. For example: I didn’t make it in time for the train 「電車に間に合わなかった」 (でんしゃにまにあわなかった). The second meaning is 'to be enough to suffice,' indicating that something is adequate or fulfills the need. For example: This money is enough 「このお金で間に合う」 (このおかねでまにあう). The verb is often used in contexts where time management or adequacy is being discussed.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5537

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dissatisfaction

Reading

Kanji

不Not 満Full

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不満 (ふまん)' means 'dissatisfaction'. It is used to express a feeling of discontent or unhappiness with a situation, condition, or outcome. This word is often used in contexts where someone feels that something is lacking or not meeting their expectations. For example: He expressed dissatisfaction with the results「彼は結果に不満を述べた」(かれはけっかにふまんをのべた). There is dissatisfaction among the employees「従業員の間に不満がある」(じゅうぎょういんのあいだにふまんがある). It can also be used to describe a general state of dissatisfaction, as in '不満な気持ち (ふまんなきもち) (a feeling of dissatisfaction)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5539

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Write in

Reading

Kanji

書Write 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '書き込む (かきこむ)' means 'to write in' or 'to fill in'. It is often used when referring to writing something into a specific space, such as filling out a form, adding text to a document, or posting a comment online. For example: I wrote my name in the form「フォームに名前を書き込んだ」(フォームになまえをかきこんだ). He posted a comment on the blog「彼はブログにコメントを書き込んだ」(かれはブログにコメントをかきこんだ). The verb can also imply adding details or information to something that already exists, such as writing notes in a book or filling in a diary.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5551

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bad, Delinquent

Reading

Kanji

不Not 良Good

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不良 (ふりょう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'bad', often referring to something of poor quality or condition. For example: This product is bad「この製品は不良だ」(このせいひんはふりょうだ). The second meaning is 'delinquent', referring to a person, typically a youth, who behaves in a way that is against societal norms or laws. For example: He is a delinquent「彼は不良だ」(かれはふりょうだ). It's important to note that the context in which '不良' is used will determine which meaning is intended. When referring to objects or conditions, it generally means 'bad', while when referring to people, it usually means 'delinquent'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5553

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Failure

Reading

Kanji

不Not 合Fit, Match 格Status

Explanation

The Japanese noun '不合格 (ふごうかく)' means 'failure' in the context of not meeting a certain standard or requirement, particularly in exams, tests, or qualifications. It is often used to describe the result of not passing an examination or not being accepted into a program. For example: He got a failure on the exam「彼は試験に不合格だった」(かれはしけんにふごうかくだった). The application was rejected due to failure to meet the criteria「その申請は基準を満たさなかったため不合格だった」(そのしんせいはきじゅんをみたさなかったためふごうかくだった). This term carries a formal tone and is commonly used in academic or professional settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5554

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Feces

Reading

Kanji

大Big 便Convenience

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '大便 (だいべん)' refers to 'feces' or 'excrement'. It is a formal or medical term used to describe bodily waste. This word is often used in clinical or polite contexts, and it is less commonly used in everyday conversation, where more casual terms like 'うんこ' or 'うんち' might be preferred. For example: The doctor asked about his feces「医者は彼の大便について尋ねた」(いしゃはかれのだいべんについてたずねた). Please dispose of the feces properly「大便を適切に処理してください」(だいべんをてきせつにしょりしてください). Note that this term is neutral in tone but may sound overly formal in casual settings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5556

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Number

Reading

Kanji

番Turn

Explanation

The Japanese noun '番 (ばん)' primarily means 'number' and is often used to indicate order, sequence, or ranking. It can also refer to one's turn or shift in a rotation. For example: What is your number?「あなたの番号は何番ですか？」(あなたのばんごうはなんばんですか？). It's my turn「私の番です」(わたしのばんです). Additionally, '番' can be used in contexts like sports to denote a match or game, such as in 'soccer match'『サッカーの試合の番』(サッカーのしあいのばん). This word is versatile and context-dependent, so its exact meaning can shift slightly based on usage.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5557

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strength

Reading

Kanji

長Long, Leader 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '長所 (ちょうしょ)' means 'strength' or 'strong point'. It refers to a positive quality or advantage that someone or something possesses. This word is often used in contexts where discussing personal traits, skills, or characteristics of objects. For example: His strength is his kindness「彼の長所は優しさです」(かれのちょうしょはやさしさです). One of the strengths of this product is its durability「この製品の長所の一つは耐久性です」(このせいひんのちょうしょのひとつはたいきゅうせいです). It is commonly used in self-introductions, evaluations, or when giving compliments.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5558

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Current, Existing

Reading

Kanji

現Appear, Current 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese noun '現行 (げんこう)' refers to something that is currently in effect, in operation, or existing. It is often used in contexts such as laws, systems, or practices that are presently active or being used. For example: the current law「現行の法律」(げんこうのほうりつ). The existing system「現行のシステム」(げんこうのシステム). It can also be used to describe something that is currently happening or being implemented, as in 'the current plan'「現行の計画」(げんこうのけいかく).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5561

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Practical

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth 用Use

Explanation

The Japanese noun '実用 (じつよう)' refers to something being practical or having practical use. It is often used to describe objects, ideas, or methods that are functional and useful in real-life situations. For example: This tool is very practical「この道具は実用的です」(このどうぐはじつようてきです). The book focuses on practical applications「その本は実用に焦点を当てています」(そのほんはじつようにしょうてんをあてています). The term emphasizes utility and functionality over theoretical or abstract qualities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5562

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Generation

Reading

Kanji

生Life 成Become

Explanation

The Japanese noun '生成 (せいせい)' primarily means 'generation' or 'creation'. It refers to the process of producing or bringing something into existence. This term is often used in contexts related to technology, biology, or abstract concepts. For example: the generation of electricity「電気の生成」(でんきのせいせい). The creation of new ideas「新しいアイデアの生成」(あたらしいアイデアのせいせい). In some contexts, it can also imply the natural formation or development of something, such as the formation of clouds「雲の生成」(くものせいせい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5563

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Parts, Spots

Reading

Kanji

所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '所々 (ところどころ)' refers to various spots or parts of something, often implying that these spots or parts are scattered or not continuous. It can be used to describe physical locations, as well as abstract concepts like ideas or stories. For example: There are spots of snow on the ground「地面に所々雪がある」(じめんにところどころゆきがある). The story has parts that are hard to understand「その話は所々わかりにくい」(そのはなしはところどころわかりにくい). This word is often used to indicate that something is not uniform or consistent throughout.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5566

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Famous place

Reading

Kanji

名Name 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '名所 (めいしょ)' refers to a 'famous place' or 'notable spot', typically one that is well-known for its scenic beauty, historical significance, or cultural importance. It is often used in the context of tourism or travel. For example: Kyoto is full of famous places「京都には名所がたくさんある」(きょうとにはめいしょがたくさんある). We visited a famous place in Nara「奈良の名所を訪れました」(ならのめいしょをおとずれました). The term can also be used to describe landmarks or attractions within a city or region.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5568

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unjust

Reading

Kanji

不Not 当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不当 (ふとう)' means 'unjust' or 'unfair'. It is used to describe actions, decisions, or situations that are not morally right or reasonable. This word often carries a strong negative connotation and is commonly used in legal, ethical, or social contexts. For example: That decision was unjust「その決定は不当だった」(そのけっていはふとうだった). It is unjust to treat people differently「人を差別するのは不当だ」(ひとをさべつするのはふとうだ). Note that '不当' is often used in formal or serious discussions, and it can also imply a violation of rules or principles.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5569

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tokyo

Reading

Kanji

都Metropolis 内Inside

Explanation

The Japanese noun '都内 (とない)' refers to the area within Tokyo Metropolis. It is commonly used to specify locations or events that are situated inside Tokyo. For example: I live in Tokyo「私は都内に住んでいます」(わたしはとないにすんでいます). The concert will be held in Tokyo「コンサートは都内で開催されます」(コンサートはとないではいかいされます). This term is particularly useful when distinguishing between Tokyo and other regions in Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5577

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

City center

Reading

Kanji

都Metropolis 心Heart

Explanation

The Japanese noun '都心 (としん)' refers to the central part of a city, often characterized by high population density, commercial activity, and significant infrastructure. It is commonly used to describe the bustling, urban core of major cities like Tokyo or Osaka. For example: The city center is crowded「都心は混雑している」(としんはこんざつしている). I work in the city center「私は都心で働いています」(わたしはとしんではたらいています). This term is particularly useful when discussing urban planning, commuting, or the contrast between urban and suburban areas.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5578

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crossing

Reading

Kanji

交Mix 差Difference

Explanation

The Japanese noun '交差 (こうさ)' means 'crossing'. It refers to the point or place where two or more things intersect or cross each other, such as roads, lines, or paths. This term is commonly used in contexts involving transportation, geometry, or any scenario where paths or lines intersect. For example: the crossing of two roads「二つの道路の交差」(ふたつのどうろのこうさ). The railway crossing is ahead「鉄道の交差が先です」(てつどうのこうさがさきです). It can also be used metaphorically to describe the intersection of ideas or events.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5581

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hamlet

Reading

Kanji

部Section, Department 落Fall

Explanation

The Japanese noun '部落 (ぶらく)' refers to a small village or hamlet, typically a rural settlement that is smaller than a town. Historically, it has also been used to refer to certain marginalized communities in Japan, particularly the 'burakumin', a social minority group. However, in modern usage, it primarily denotes a small rural community. Example sentences: That hamlet is very quiet「あの部落はとても静かだ」(あのぶらくはとてもしずかだ). I visited a small hamlet in the mountains「山の中の小さな部落を訪れた」(やまのなかのちいさなぶらくをおとずれた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5583

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suit

Reading

Kanji

似Resemble 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verb '似合う (にあう)' means 'to suit' or 'to look good on'. It is used to describe when something, such as clothing, accessories, or even a hairstyle, complements or matches a person well. For example: That dress suits you「そのドレスはあなたに似合う」(そのドレスはあなたににあう). This hat looks good on him「この帽子は彼に似合う」(このぼうしはかれににあう). The verb can also be used more abstractly, such as when describing a role or situation that suits someone well. For instance: This job suits her「この仕事は彼女に似合う」(このしごとはかのじょににあう). Note that '似合う' is often used in the context of appearance or suitability.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5592

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Memory

Reading

Kanji

物Thing 覚Remember, Awake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '物覚え (ものおぼえ)' refers to the ability to remember or memorize things. It is often used to describe someone's capacity to retain information or learn new things. For example: His memory is good「彼は物覚えがいい」(かれはものおぼえがいい). She has a poor memory「彼女は物覚えが悪い」(かのじょはものおぼえがわるい). This word is commonly used in contexts related to learning, studying, or recalling information.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5595

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

North

Reading

Kanji

北North 部Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '北部 (ほくぶ)' refers to the 'north' or 'northern part' of a region, area, or country. It is commonly used in geographical contexts to specify the northern section of a place. For example: The northern part of the city is very quiet「この都市の北部はとても静かです」(このとしのほくぶはとてもしずかです). The northern region of Japan is known for its cold winters「日本の北部は冬の寒さで知られています」(にほんのほくぶはふゆのさむさでしられています). This term is often used in formal or descriptive contexts to indicate direction or location.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5599

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Occasionally

Reading

Kanji

時Time, Hour 折Bend, Fold

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '時折 (ときおり)' means 'occasionally' or 'from time to time'. It is used to describe actions or events that happen infrequently or at irregular intervals. This word is often used in written or formal contexts, but it can also be used in spoken language. For example: I occasionally visit my grandmother「時折、祖母を訪ねます」(ときおり、そぼをたずねます). Snow falls occasionally in this region「この地域では時折雪が降ります」(このちいきではときおりゆきがふります). The word '時折' carries a slightly poetic nuance, making it suitable for expressing a sense of rarity or nostalgia.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5603

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Salary

Reading

Kanji

給Supply, Salary 与Give, Involvement

Explanation

The Japanese noun '給与 (きゅうよ)' refers to 'salary' or 'wages'. It is commonly used in professional or formal contexts to describe the payment an employee receives for their work. This term is often used in business settings, contracts, or official documents. For example: The company pays a high salary「その会社は高い給与を支払う」(そのかいしゃはたかいきゅうよをしはらう). My salary increased this year「今年、給与が上がった」(ことし、きゅうよがあがった). Note that '給与' is a formal term and is typically used in written or official contexts, while '給料 (きゅうりょう)' is a more casual term for salary.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5604

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shinto

Reading

Kanji

神God 道Way

Explanation

The Japanese noun '神道 (しんとう)' refers to 'Shinto', the indigenous religion of Japan. Shinto is characterized by the worship of kami (spirits or deities) and rituals performed at shrines. It emphasizes harmony with nature and ancestral traditions. For example: Shinto is deeply rooted in Japanese culture「神道は日本の文化に深く根付いています」(しんとうはにほんのぶんかにふかくねづいています). Many Japanese people visit Shinto shrines during New Year「多くの日本人が新年に神道の神社を訪れます」(おおくのにほんじんがしんねんにしんとうのじんじゃをおとずれます).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5606

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Midterm, Mid phase

Reading

Kanji

中Center 期Time, Period

Explanation

The Japanese noun '中期 (ちゅうき)' refers to the middle period or phase of a specific timeframe, such as a project, season, or historical era. It is often used in contexts like business, academics, or historical analysis. For example: The midterm report is due next week「中期レポートは来週提出です」(ちゅうきレポートはらいしゅうていしゅつです). The midphase of the project is critical「プロジェクトの中間期は重要です」(プロジェクトのちゅうかんきはじゅうようです). Note that '中期' can also refer to the middle stage of a process or development, emphasizing its transitional nature.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5607

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Elderly

Reading

Kanji

年Year 配Distribute

Explanation

The Japanese noun '年配 (ねんぱい)' refers to someone who is elderly or of advanced age. It is often used to describe a person who is older, typically in a respectful or polite manner. This term can also imply a sense of maturity or experience. For example: The elderly gentleman is kind「年配の男性は親切です」(ねんぱいのだんせいはしんせつです). She works with elderly people「彼女は年配の人と働いています」(かのじょはねんぱいのひととはたらいています). Note that this word is neutral in tone and does not carry negative connotations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5610

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Agreement

Reading

Kanji

取Take 決Decide

Explanation

The Japanese noun '取り決め (とりきめ)' refers to an agreement or arrangement made between parties. It is often used in formal or business contexts to describe decisions or terms that have been mutually agreed upon. For example: We made an agreement about the project「プロジェクトについて取り決めをした」(ぷろじぇくとについてとりきめをした). The agreement between the two companies was finalized「両社間の取り決めが成立した」(りょうしゃかんのとりきめがせいりつした). This word emphasizes the formal and binding nature of the agreement.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5613

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clarification

Reading

Kanji

解Solve, Untie 明Bright

Explanation

The Japanese noun '解明 (かいめい)' refers to the act of clarifying or elucidating something, often used in contexts where a mystery, problem, or complex situation is being resolved or explained. It is commonly used in academic, scientific, or investigative settings. For example: The clarification of the mystery was achieved「その謎の解明がなされた」(そのなぞのかいめいがなされた). Researchers are working on the clarification of the phenomenon「研究者たちはその現象の解明に取り組んでいる」(けんきゅうしゃたちはそのげんしょうのかいめいにとりくんでいる). The word emphasizes the process of uncovering or making something clear that was previously unknown or misunderstood.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5615

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cancel

Reading

Kanji

取Take 消Extinguish

Explanation

The Japanese verb '取り消す (とりけす)' means 'to cancel' or 'to revoke'. It is used when someone wants to nullify or withdraw something that was previously decided, stated, or agreed upon. This verb is commonly used in formal contexts, such as canceling contracts, reservations, or announcements. For example: I canceled the reservation「予約を取り消した」(よやくをとりけした). The company revoked the announcement「会社はその発表を取り消した」(かいしゃはそのはっぴょうをとりけした). The nuance of '取り消す' implies an official or formal action to nullify something, making it distinct from more casual terms like 'キャンセルする' (to cancel).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5621

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Meeting

Reading

Kanji

待Wait 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '待ち合わせ (まちあわせ)' refers to a planned meeting or rendezvous at a specific time and place. It is commonly used when arranging to meet someone, such as friends, colleagues, or family. The word implies a mutual agreement to meet. For example: Let's meet at the station at 3 PM「駅で3時に待ち合わせしましょう」(えきでさんじにまちあわせしましょう). We had a meeting at the café「カフェで待ち合わせをしました」(かふぇでまちあわせをしました). The term is often used in casual and formal contexts alike, and it emphasizes the coordination of time and location for the meeting.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5623

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Eagerly awaited

Reading

Kanji

待Wait 遠Far

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '待ち遠しい (まちどおしい)' conveys a sense of eager anticipation or longing for something that is expected to happen in the future. It is often used to describe feelings of excitement or impatience while waiting for a highly anticipated event, person, or thing. For example: I can't wait for the festival「祭りが待ち遠しい」(まつりがまちどおしい). The children are eagerly awaiting the summer vacation「子供たちは夏休みが待ち遠しい」(こどもたちはなつやすみがまちどおしい). This word is commonly used in contexts where the speaker is looking forward to something with great enthusiasm.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5624

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Meet

Reading

Kanji

待Wait 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verb '待ち合わせる (まちあわせる)' means 'to meet' or 'to arrange to meet'. It is commonly used when two or more people agree to meet at a specific time and place. This verb often implies a prearranged meeting rather than a chance encounter. For example: Let's meet at the station at 3 PM「3時に駅で待ち合わせましょう」(さんじにえきでまちあわせましょう). We arranged to meet in front of the cinema「私たちは映画館の前で待ち合わせた」(わたしたちはえいがかんのまえでまちあわせた). The verb is a combination of '待つ (まつ)' meaning 'to wait' and '合わせる (あわせる)' meaning 'to match' or 'to adjust', reflecting the idea of coordinating a meeting time and place.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5625

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Catch, Get stuck

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引っ掛かる (ひっかかる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to catch' or 'to get caught', often referring to something physically getting caught or snagged. For example: The kite got caught in the tree「凧が木に引っ掛かった」(たこがきにひっかかった). The second meaning is 'to get stuck', which can refer to both physical and metaphorical situations, such as being stuck in traffic or caught in a scam. For example: I got stuck in traffic「渋滞に引っ掛かった」(じゅうたいにひっかかった). This verb is commonly used in everyday situations and carries a sense of something unexpectedly getting caught or stuck.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5629

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Value

Reading

Kanji

値Value, Price 打Hit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '値打ち (ねうち)' means 'value'. It refers to the worth, importance, or merit of something, whether tangible or intangible. This word is often used to describe the inherent or perceived value of objects, actions, or even people. For example: This painting has great value「この絵は値打ちがある」(このえはねうちがある). The value of this experience is immeasurable「この経験の値打ちは計り知れない」(このけいけんのねうちははかりしれない). Note that '値打ち' can also imply a sense of dignity or prestige, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5633

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Killing

Reading

Kanji

殺Kill 害Harm

Explanation

The Japanese noun '殺害 (さつがい)' refers to the act of killing, typically in the context of murder or homicide. It is a formal term often used in legal, news, or serious discussions. For example: The suspect was arrested for the killing of a businessman「容疑者はビジネスマンの殺害で逮捕された」(ようぎしゃはビジネスマンのさつがいでたいほされた). The police are investigating the killing「警察は殺害を調査している」(けいさつはさつがいをちょうさしている). This term carries a heavy and serious connotation, so it is not used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5638

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sound, Voice

Reading

Kanji

音Sound 声Voice

Explanation

The Japanese noun '音声 (おんせい)' primarily refers to 'voice' or 'sound'. It is often used in contexts related to audio, speech, or auditory signals. For example, it can describe human voices, recorded audio, or even synthetic sounds. Example sentences: The voice was clear「音声がはっきりしていた」(おんせいがはっきりしていた). The sound quality is good「音声の質が良い」(おんせいのしつがよい). This word is commonly used in technology, media, and everyday conversation to refer to auditory elements.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5641

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Warring, States

Reading

Kanji

戦Fight, War 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese noun '戦国 (せんごく)' refers to the 'Warring States' period in Japanese history, specifically the Sengoku period (15th to 17th century), characterized by social upheaval, political intrigue, and near-constant military conflict. It can also refer more generally to a state of constant warfare or conflict. For example: The Warring States period was a time of great turmoil「戦国時代は大きな混乱の時代だった」(せんごくじだいはおおきなこんらんのじだいだった). The country was divided into warring states「国は戦国に分かれていた」(くにはせんごくにわかれていた). The term is often used in historical contexts but can also be applied metaphorically to describe any situation of intense competition or conflict.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5642

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cure

Reading

Kanji

治Cure, Reign

Explanation

The Japanese verb '治す (なおす)' means 'to cure' or 'to heal'. It is used when referring to the act of treating or curing an illness, injury, or condition. This verb is often used in medical contexts or when discussing recovery from sickness. For example: The doctor cured the patient「医者は患者を治した」(いしゃはかんじゃをなおした). She healed her wound quickly「彼女は傷を早く治した」(かのじょはきずをはやくなおした). Note that '治す' can also imply restoring something to its proper state, but the primary meaning is related to curing or healing.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5643

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Resolution

Reading

Kanji

決Decide 議Deliberation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '決議 (けつぎ)' refers to a formal decision or resolution, often made by a group or organization after discussion or deliberation. It is commonly used in contexts such as meetings, assemblies, or legislative bodies. For example: The committee passed a resolution「委員会は決議を採択した」(いいんかいけつぎをさいたくした). The resolution was unanimous「決議は満場一致だった」(けつぎはまんじょういっちだった). This term emphasizes the formal and collective nature of the decision-making process.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5650

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Walking

Reading

Kanji

徒Follower, Junior 歩Walk

Explanation

The Japanese noun '徒歩 (とほ)' refers to the act of walking or traveling on foot. It is commonly used to describe a mode of transportation or the distance that can be covered by walking. For example: It's a 10-minute walk「徒歩10分です」(とほじゅっぷんです). I went to the station on foot「徒歩で駅に行きました」(とほでえきにいきました). This term is often used in directions or when discussing travel times, emphasizing that no vehicles are involved.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5655

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cool

Reading

Kanji

冷Cold

Explanation

The Japanese verb '冷める (さめる)' means 'to cool down' or 'to lose heat'. It is commonly used to describe something that was hot or warm but has now cooled to a lower temperature. This verb can be used for both physical objects, like food or drinks, and abstract concepts, like emotions or enthusiasm. For example: the soup has cooled down「スープが冷めた」(スープがさめた). Her enthusiasm for the project cooled「彼女のプロジェクトへの熱意が冷めた」(かのじょのプロジェクトへのねついがさめた). Note that '冷める' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. The transitive counterpart is '冷ます (さます)', which means 'to cool something down'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5660

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Passion

Reading

Kanji

情Feeling, Emotion 熱Heat, Temperature

Explanation

The Japanese noun '情熱 (じょうねつ)' means 'passion'. It refers to a strong and intense feeling of enthusiasm or excitement towards something, such as a hobby, goal, or person. This word is often used to describe a deep emotional drive or dedication. For example: he has a passion for music「彼は音楽に情熱を持っている」(かれはおんがくにじょうねつをもっている). Her passion for art is inspiring「彼女の芸術への情熱は感動的だ」(かのじょのげいじゅつへのじょうねつはかんどうてきだ). The word can also be used in contexts like work or relationships, emphasizing a strong emotional commitment.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5674

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discount

Reading

Kanji

値Value, Price 引Pull

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '値引き (ねびき)' refers to a reduction in price or a discount. It is commonly used in shopping contexts, negotiations, or when discussing price adjustments. For example: Can you give me a discount?「値引きしてくれませんか？」(ねびきしてくれませんか？). The store offered a 10% discount「その店は10％の値引きをした」(そのみせは10パーセントのねびきをした). This term is often used in business or retail settings to indicate a price reduction, and it can be applied to goods, services, or even bills.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5681

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Prolong

Reading

Kanji

長Long, Leader 引Pull

Explanation

The Japanese verb '長引く (ながびく)' means 'to prolong' or 'to drag on'. It is used to describe situations, events, or conditions that continue for a longer time than expected or desired. This verb often carries a nuance of something being extended beyond what is ideal or convenient. For example: The meeting dragged on「会議が長引いた」(かいぎがながびいた). Her cold has been lingering「彼女の風邪が長引いている」(かのじょのかぜがながびいている). It can also be used in contexts like negotiations, illnesses, or projects that take longer than anticipated.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5682

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inside, Inner

Reading

Kanji

内Inside 面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '内面 (ないめん)' refers to the inner or internal aspect of something, often used to describe the psychological, emotional, or hidden aspects of a person or object. It contrasts with the external or surface appearance. For example: His inner thoughts are complex「彼の内面は複雑だ」(かれのないめんはふくざつだ). The inner workings of the machine are intricate「その機械の内面は複雑だ」(そのきかいのないめんはふくざつだ). This word is commonly used in contexts discussing psychology, art, or philosophy to emphasize what is not immediately visible.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5687

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stop, Detain

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 止Stop

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引き止める (ひきとめる)' primarily means 'to stop' or 'to detain'. It is used when someone tries to prevent another person from leaving or moving forward. This verb often carries a sense of urgency or insistence. For example: I tried to stop him from leaving「彼を引き止めようとした」(かれをひきとめようとした). The police detained the suspect「警察は容疑者を引き止めた」(けいさつはようぎしゃをひきとめた). The verb can also imply a physical or emotional effort to keep someone in place, such as in a conversation or during an argument.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5689

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Familiarity

Reading

Kanji

慣Accustomed

Explanation

The Japanese noun '慣れ (なれ)' refers to the state of being accustomed or familiar with something due to repeated exposure or experience. It often implies a sense of ease or comfort that comes from getting used to a situation, environment, or task. For example: I have gotten used to the new job「新しい仕事に慣れた」(あたらしいしごとになれた). It takes time to get used to living alone「一人暮らしに慣れるには時間がかかる」(ひとりぐらしになれるにはじかんがかかる). This word is commonly used in contexts where someone adapts to a new routine, environment, or skill.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5691

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Police

Reading

Kanji

警Warn 官Government, Bureaucrat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '警官 (けいかん)' refers to a police officer or a member of the police force. It is a formal term used to describe someone who enforces laws and maintains public order. For example: The police officer is directing traffic「警官が交通を整理している」(けいかんがこうつうをせいりしている). I asked the police officer for directions「警官に道を聞いた」(けいかんにみちをきいた). This term is commonly used in both written and spoken Japanese when referring to law enforcement personnel.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5693

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Without

Reading

Kanji

抜Pluck, Extract

Explanation

The Japanese noun '抜き (ぬき)' means 'without' or 'excluding'. It is often used to indicate that something is omitted or left out. For example: let's have a meeting without formalities「形式抜きで会議をしましょう」(けいしきぬきでかいぎをしましょう). This dish is made without sugar「この料理は砂糖抜きです」(このりょうりはさとうぬきです). It can also be used in compound words to indicate the absence of something, such as '塩抜き (しおぬき)' meaning 'without salt'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5697

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Organic

Reading

Kanji

有Exist 機Machine, Opportunity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '有機 (ゆうき)' means 'organic'. It is commonly used in contexts related to chemistry, biology, and agriculture to describe substances or processes that are derived from living organisms or involve carbon-based compounds. For example: organic vegetables「有機野菜」(ゆうきやさい). This term is also used in broader contexts, such as 'organic chemistry'「有機化学」(ゆうきかがく). The word emphasizes a natural or biological origin, contrasting with synthetic or inorganic materials.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5699

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Depressed

Reading

Kanji

落Fall 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '落ち込む (おちこむ)' means 'to feel depressed' or 'to be down'. It is used to describe a state of low spirits or emotional distress, often due to disappointment, failure, or sadness. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as personal feelings, work-related stress, or general life situations. For example: I feel depressed after failing the exam「試験に落ちて落ち込んでいる」(しけんにおちておちこんでいる). He was down after losing his job「彼は仕事を失って落ち込んでいた」(かれはしごとをうしなっておちこんでいた). The verb can also imply a temporary state, suggesting that the person might recover from their low mood.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5702

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Trend

Reading

Kanji

流Flow 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese verb '流行る (はやる)' means 'to trend' or 'to be in fashion'. It is used to describe something that is currently popular or widely accepted. This verb can be applied to various contexts, such as fashion, technology, or even diseases. For example: This hairstyle is trending now「このヘアスタイルが今流行っている」(このヘアスタイルがいまはやっている). The flu is going around「インフルエンザが流行っている」(インフルエンザがはやっている). The verb can also be used in its negative form to indicate that something is no longer in fashion, as in 'This trend is no longer popular'「この流行はもう流行っていない」(このはやりはもうはやっていない).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5703

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inquire

Reading

Kanji

問Question, Problem 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verb '問い合わせる (といあわせる)' means 'to inquire' or 'to make an inquiry'. It is used when someone seeks information, clarification, or confirmation about something. This verb is commonly used in formal or business contexts, such as contacting customer service or asking for details about a product or service. For example: I inquired about the schedule「スケジュールについて問い合わせました」(スケジュールについてといあわせました). Please inquire at the reception「受付で問い合わせてください」(うけつけでといあわせてください). The verb often implies a polite and formal tone, making it suitable for professional communication.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5708

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Direction, Estimate

Reading

Kanji

見See 当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '見当 (けんとう)' can mean 'estimate' or 'direction'. When used to mean 'estimate', it refers to a rough calculation or guess about something, such as time, cost, or quantity. For example: I have an estimate of the cost「費用の見当がつく」(ひようのけんとうがつく). When used to mean 'direction', it refers to the general area or orientation where something is located. For example: I have no idea of the direction「見当がつかない」(けんとうがつかない). The word is often used in contexts where precision is not required, and it carries a nuance of approximation or uncertainty.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5711

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Remove

Reading

Kanji

取Take 除Exclude, Remove

Explanation

The Japanese verb '取り除く (とりのぞく)' means 'to remove' or 'to eliminate'. It is used when taking something away or getting rid of something, whether physically or abstractly. This verb often implies a deliberate action to clear or eliminate an obstacle, problem, or unwanted item. For example: Please remove the dirt from the table「テーブルの汚れを取り除いてください」(テーブルのよごれをとりのぞいてください). We need to remove the obstacles to success「成功の障害を取り除く必要がある」(せいこうのしょうがいをとりのぞくひつようがある). The verb can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as removing doubts or fears.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5713

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Perfect score

Reading

Kanji

満Full 点Point

Explanation

The Japanese noun '満点 (まんてん)' means 'perfect score.' It is used to describe achieving the highest possible mark or rating, often in tests, exams, or assessments. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is considered perfect or flawless. For example: She got a perfect score on the test 「彼女はテストで満点を取った」 (かのじょはテストでまんてんをとった). This dish is perfect 「この料理は満点だ」 (このりょうりはまんてんだ). The word can also be used to describe a feeling of complete satisfaction, as in the phrase '満点の笑顔 (まんてんのえがお),' which means 'a beaming, perfect smile.'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5718

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Breed, Variety

Reading

Kanji

品Product 種Kind, Variety

Explanation

The Japanese noun '品種 (ひんしゅ)' refers to a 'breed' or 'variety', particularly in the context of plants, animals, or agricultural products. It is commonly used to describe different types or classifications within a species. For example: this is a new breed of roses「これは新しい品種のバラです」(これはあたらしいひんしゅのバラです). We grow several varieties of apples「私たちはいくつかの品種のリンゴを育てています」(わたしたちはいくつかのひんしゅのリンゴをそだてています). The term is often used in scientific, agricultural, or horticultural contexts to specify distinct types within a category.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5722

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Days

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun 数Number

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日数 (にっすう)' refers to the number of days or the duration counted in days. It is commonly used when discussing time frames, deadlines, or periods. For example: The number of days until the deadline is short「締め切りまでの日数は少ない」(しめきりまでのにっすうはすくない). We need to calculate the total number of days「総日数を計算する必要がある」(そうにっすうをけいさんするひつようがある). This word is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5725

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Score

Reading

Kanji

点Point 数Number

Explanation

The Japanese noun '点数 (てんすう)' refers to a 'score' or 'points' in contexts such as tests, games, or evaluations. It is commonly used in academic settings to discuss grades or marks, as well as in sports or competitions to denote points earned. For example: I got a high score on the test「テストで高い点数を取った」(テストでたかいてんすうをとった). The team's score increased「チームの点数が上がった」(チームのてんすうがあがった). This word is neutral in tone and can be used in both formal and informal situations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5726

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Singular

Reading

Kanji

単Simple, Single 数Number

Explanation

The Japanese noun '単数 (たんすう)' refers to the grammatical concept of 'singular', which is used to indicate one item, person, or entity. It is often used in contrast to '複数 (ふくすう)' (plural). This term is commonly used in grammar discussions or language learning contexts. For example: This noun is in the singular form「この名詞は単数形です」(このめいしはたんすうけいです). Singular and plural are important in English「単数と複数は英語で重要です」(たんすうとふくすうはえいごでじゅうようです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5727

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Monarch

Reading

Kanji

君Ruler, You 主Master

Explanation

The Japanese noun '君主 (くんしゅ)' refers to a 'monarch', a sovereign head of state, especially a king, queen, or emperor. This term is used in historical, political, and formal contexts to denote a ruler with supreme authority over a state or territory. For example: The monarch ruled the country wisely「君主は国を賢く治めた」(くんしゅはくにをかしこくおさめた). The power of the monarch was absolute「君主の権力は絶対的だった」(くんしゅのけんりょくはぜったいてきだった). The term can also be used metaphorically in literature or discussions about leadership and authority.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5729

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Actor

Reading

Kanji

役Duty 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '役者 (やくしゃ)' refers to an 'actor', someone who performs in plays, movies, or television shows. This term is commonly used in the context of theater and entertainment. For example: He is a famous actor「彼は有名な役者です」(かれはゆうめいなやくしゃです). She wants to become an actor「彼女は役者になりたい」(かのじょはやくしゃになりたい). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe someone who is skilled at pretending or acting in social situations, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5731

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Similarity

Reading

Kanji

類Kind, Type 似Resemble

Explanation

The Japanese noun '類似 (るいじ)' means 'similarity'. It refers to the state or quality of being similar or alike, often used in contexts comparing two or more things. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal settings, such as academic discussions, everyday conversations, or technical comparisons. For example: There is a similarity between the two theories「二つの理論には類似がある」(ふたつのりろんにはるいじがある). The similarity between these two paintings is striking「これらの二つの絵画の類似は驚くべきものだ」(これらのふたつのかいがのるいじはおどろくべきものだ). Note that '類似' can also be used in compound words like '類似点 (るいじてん)' (points of similarity) or '類似性 (るいじせい)' (similarity in nature).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5732

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rotation, Around

Reading

Kanji

回Revolve, Times

Explanation

The Japanese noun '回り (まわり)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'around', referring to the surrounding area or vicinity of something. For example: I walked around the park「公園の回りを歩いた」(こうえんのまわりをあるいた). The second meaning is 'rotation', referring to the act of turning or revolving. For example: The rotation of the Earth is fast「地球の回りは速い」(ちきゅうのまわりははやい). It's important to note that the context in which '回り' is used will determine which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5736

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Detour

Reading

Kanji

回Revolve, Times 道Way

Explanation

The Japanese noun '回り道 (まわりみち)' means 'detour'. It refers to taking a longer or indirect route to reach a destination, often due to obstacles, personal preference, or exploration. This word can be used both literally and metaphorically. For example: I took a detour to avoid traffic「渋滞を避けるために回り道をした」(じゅうたいをさけるためにまわりみちをした). Sometimes, taking a detour leads to unexpected discoveries「時々、回り道をすると予期せぬ発見がある」(ときどき、まわりみちをするとよきせぬはっけんがある). The word emphasizes the idea of an indirect path rather than the most straightforward one.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5737

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Loss

Reading

Kanji

負Defeat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '負け (まけ)' means 'loss'. It is used to describe the state of being defeated or losing in a competition, game, or any form of contest. This word can also be used metaphorically to describe situations where one fails to achieve a goal or is outdone by someone else. For example: I can't accept this loss「この負けは受け入れられない」(このまけはうけいれられない). His loss in the match was unexpected「彼の試合での負けは予想外だった」(かれのしあいでのまけはよそうがいだった). The word can also be used in phrases like '負けず嫌い (まけずぎらい)', which describes someone who hates to lose.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5739

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Endeavor

Reading

Kanji

心Heart 掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese verb '心掛ける (こころがける)' means 'to endeavor' or 'to make an effort to do something'. It implies a conscious and continuous effort to achieve or maintain a certain behavior, habit, or goal. This verb is often used to express a personal commitment or resolution. For example: I endeavor to be kind to everyone「私は皆に親切に心掛けます」(わたしはみんなにしんせつにこころがけます). He endeavors to arrive on time「彼は時間通りに到着するよう心掛けています」(かれはじかんどおりにとうちゃくするようこころがけています). The verb can be used in various contexts, such as personal development, work ethics, or daily habits.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5752

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Treatment, Allowance

Reading

Kanji

手Hand 当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '手当て (てあて)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'treatment', often referring to medical treatment or first aid. For example: The doctor provided treatment「医者は手当てをした」(いしゃはてあてをした). The second meaning is 'allowance', referring to a monetary benefit or stipend provided by an employer. For example: The company pays a housing allowance「会社は住宅手当てを支払う」(かいしゃはじゅうたくてあてをしはらう). The word is versatile and its meaning depends heavily on context, so it's important to pay attention to how it's used in sentences.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5753

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Person

Reading

Kanji

当Hit, Appropriate 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '当人 (とうにん)' refers to 'the person in question' or 'the person concerned'. It is used to specify or emphasize the individual directly involved in a situation or topic. This term is often used in formal or legal contexts. For example: The person in question denied the allegations「当人はその申し立てを否定した」(とうにんはそのもうしたてをひていした). The concerned person must sign the document「当人が書類に署名しなければならない」(とうにんがしょるいにしょめいしなければならない). Note that '当人' is neutral in tone and does not carry any inherent positive or negative connotations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5755

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Duty

Reading

Kanji

当Hit, Appropriate 番Turn

Explanation

The Japanese noun '当番 (とうばん)' refers to a person's turn or duty to perform a specific task or responsibility, often in a rotational system. This term is commonly used in schools, workplaces, and households to assign tasks such as cleaning, monitoring, or organizing. For example: Today is my duty「今日は私の当番です」(きょうはわたしのとうばんです). The cleaning duty is shared among the students「掃除の当番は生徒たちで分担します」(そうじのとうばんはせいとたちでぶんたんします). The word emphasizes the temporary and shared nature of the responsibility.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5756

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sunlight

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun 当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日当たり (ひあたり)' refers to 'sunlight' or 'exposure to sunlight'. It is commonly used to describe how much sunlight a place or object receives. For example: This room gets a lot of sunlight「この部屋は日当たりが良い」(このへやはひあたりがよい). The garden has good sunlight「庭は日当たりが良い」(にわはひあたりがよい). It can also be used metaphorically to describe situations or moods that are bright or positive, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5757

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Law, Faculty

Reading

Kanji

法Law, Method 学Learn 部Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '法学部 (ほうがくぶ)' refers to a 'law faculty' or 'law school' within a university. It is a compound word combining '法 (ほう)' meaning 'law' and '学部 (がくぶ)' meaning 'faculty' or 'department'. This term is specifically used to denote the academic department where law is studied. For example: I am a student at the law faculty「私は法学部の学生です」(わたしはほうがくぶのがくせいです). The law faculty is in that building「法学部はあの建物にあります」(ほうがくぶはあのたてものにあります). It's important to note that '法学部' is often used in the context of higher education and academic settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5764

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dynasty

Reading

Kanji

王King 朝Morning

Explanation

The Japanese noun '王朝 (おうちょう)' refers to a 'dynasty', which is a sequence of rulers from the same family or line. This term is often used in historical contexts to describe ruling families in Japan, China, or other countries. For example: The Tang dynasty was prosperous「唐王朝は繁栄していた」(とうおうちょうははんえいしていた). The Heian dynasty is famous in Japanese history「平安王朝は日本の歴史で有名です」(へいあんおうちょうはにほんのれきしでゆうめいです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a long-standing tradition or influence, such as in 'the dynasty of a company'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5768

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clue

Reading

Kanji

手Hand 掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese noun '手掛かり (てがかり)' means 'clue'. It refers to a piece of information or evidence that helps in solving a problem, mystery, or understanding a situation. This word is often used in contexts like investigations, research, or even everyday problem-solving. For example: The detective found a clue「探偵は手掛かりを見つけた」(たんていはてがかりをみつけた). This document provides a clue to the mystery「この文書は謎の手掛かりを提供する」(このぶんしょはなぞのてがかりをていきょうする). Note that '手掛かり' can also imply a starting point or a foothold in a broader sense, such as in a project or task.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5769

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Catch

Reading

Kanji

捕Catch

Explanation

The Japanese verb '捕らえる (とらえる)' primarily means 'to catch' or 'to seize'. It is often used in contexts where something is physically captured or apprehended, such as catching a criminal or seizing an opportunity. It can also be used metaphorically to describe grasping an idea or concept. For example: The police caught the thief「警察は泥棒を捕らえた」(けいさつはどろぼうをとらえた). She seized the opportunity to speak「彼女は話す機会を捕らえた」(かのじょははなすきかいをとらえた). It's important to note that '捕らえる' often implies a sense of control or restraint over what is being caught.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5772

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reconsider, Reassess

Reading

Kanji

見See 直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見直す (みなおす)' can mean 'reconsider' or 'reassess'. It is used when someone re-evaluates or reviews something, often to improve or change their perspective. For example: I need to reconsider my plans「私は計画を見直す必要がある」(わたしはけいかくをみなおすひつようがある). The company reassessed its strategy「会社は戦略を見直した」(かいしゃはせんりゃくをみなおした). This verb can also imply a positive change, such as when someone re-examines and improves something. For instance: He reassessed his lifestyle and became healthier「彼は生活を見直して、より健康になった」(かれはせいかつをみなおして、よりけんこうになった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5774

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Disadvantage

Reading

Kanji

不Not 利Profit, Advantage

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不利 (ふり)' means 'disadvantage' or 'unfavorable'. It is used to describe a situation, condition, or position that puts someone at a disadvantage or is unfavorable. This word is often used in contexts such as negotiations, competitions, or strategic planning. For example: The new policy is unfavorable to small businesses「新しい政策は中小企業に不利だ」(あたらしいせいさくはちゅうしょうきぎょうにふりだ). Being late put him at a disadvantage「遅刻したことが彼に不利になった」(ちこくしたことがかれにふりになった). Note that '不利' is often used in formal or strategic contexts and can describe both tangible and intangible disadvantages.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5775

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Left handed

Reading

Kanji

左Left 利Profit, Advantage

Explanation

The Japanese noun '左利き (ひだりきき)' refers to someone who is left-handed. It is used to describe a person's dominant hand preference. For example: my brother is left-handed「私の兄は左利きです」(わたしのあにはひだりききです). She writes with her left hand because she is left-handed「彼女は左利きなので左手で書きます」(かのじょはひだりききなのでひだりてでかきます). This term can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is designed or suited for left-handed people, such as '左利き用のはさみ (ひだりききようのはさみ) (scissors for left-handed people).'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5776

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Acquisition, Bribery

Reading

Kanji

買Buy 収Obtain

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '買収 (ばいしゅう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'acquisition', referring to the act of buying or taking over something, such as a company or property. For example: The company announced the acquisition of a competitor「会社は競合他社の買収を発表した」(かいしゃはきょうごうたしゃのばいしゅうをはっぴょうした). The second meaning is 'bribery', referring to the act of offering money or favors to influence someone's actions or decisions. For example: The politician was accused of bribery「その政治家は買収の疑いで告発された」(そのせいじかはばいしゅうのうたがいでこくはつされた). It's important to note that the context in which '買収' is used will determine which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5778

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Annual income

Reading

Kanji

年Year 収Obtain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '年収 (ねんしゅう)' refers to a person's 'annual income'. It is commonly used in discussions about salaries, earnings, and financial planning. This term is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: His annual income is high「彼の年収は高いです」(かれのねんしゅうはたかいです). I want to increase my annual income「年収を増やしたい」(ねんしゅうをふやしたい). Note that '年収' specifically refers to the total income earned in a year, including salary, bonuses, and other earnings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5779

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

In short

Reading

Kanji

要Important, Need

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '要するに (ようするに)' means 'in short' or 'in summary'. It is used to concisely summarize or conclude a point, often after providing a detailed explanation. This word is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese to bring focus to the main point or essence of a discussion. For example: In short, we need to work harder「要するに、もっと頑張らないといけない」(ようするに、もっとがんばらないといけない). In summary, the plan is too risky「要するに、その計画はリスクが大きすぎる」(ようするに、そのけいかくはリスクがおおきすぎる). Note that '要するに' is often placed at the beginning of a sentence to emphasize the conclusion or summary.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5791

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unnecessary

Reading

Kanji

不Not 必Inevitable, Certain 要Important, Need

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不必要 (ふひつよう)' means 'unnecessary'. It is used to describe something that is not needed or required. This term can be applied to objects, actions, or situations. For example: That step is unnecessary「そのステップは不必要です」(そのステップはふひつようです). Buying more is unnecessary「もっと買うのは不必要だ」(もっとかうのはふひつようだ). The word is often used in formal or written contexts to emphasize that something can be omitted or avoided without consequence.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5792

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Main point

Reading

Kanji

要Important, Need 点Point

Explanation

The Japanese noun '要点 (ようてん)' means 'main point' or 'key point.' It refers to the essential or central idea of something, such as a speech, document, or discussion. This word is often used when summarizing or highlighting the most important parts of a complex subject. For example: Please explain the main points of the report 「レポートの要点を説明してください」 (レポートのようてんをせつめいしてください). He captured the key points of the lecture 「彼は講義の要点を把握した」 (かれはこうぎのようてんをはあくした). '要点' is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5793

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sunlight

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun 差Difference

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日差し (ひざし)' refers to 'sunlight' or 'sunshine'. It specifically describes the rays of the sun shining down, often evoking a sense of warmth or brightness. This word is commonly used in contexts related to weather, nature, or describing the atmosphere of a scene. For example: The sunlight is warm today「今日の日差しは暖かい」(きょうのひざしはあたたかい). The sunlight filters through the trees「木々の間から日差しが差し込む」(きぎのあいだからひざしがさしこむ). It can also carry a poetic nuance, often used in literature or descriptions to create vivid imagery.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5803

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ruler

Reading

Kanji

物Thing 差Difference

Explanation

The Japanese noun '物差し (ものさし)' refers to a 'ruler', a tool used for measuring length or drawing straight lines. It is commonly used in both everyday and professional contexts, such as in schools, offices, or workshops. Additionally, '物差し' can metaphorically represent a standard or criterion for judgment. For example: Please measure the length with a ruler「物差しで長さを測ってください」(ものさしでながさをはかってください). His values are the ruler for his decisions「彼の価値観が物差しとなっている」(かれのかちかんがものさしとなっている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5804

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Proportion, Relatively

Reading

Kanji

割Divide, Split 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '割合 (わりあい)' has two distinct meanings. First, it can mean 'relatively' or 'comparatively', often used to describe something in relation to a standard or expectation. For example: This task is relatively easy「この作業は割合簡単だ」(このさぎょうはわりあいかんたんだ). Second, it can mean 'proportion' or 'ratio', referring to the quantitative relationship between parts. For example: The proportion of men to women is equal「男性と女性の割合は同じだ」(だんせいとじょせいのわりあいはおなじだ). The context will determine which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5805

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Branch

Reading

Kanji

支Branch, Support 店Shop

Explanation

The Japanese noun '支店 (してん)' refers to a 'branch' of a company, store, or organization. It is commonly used to describe a secondary location or office that operates under the main headquarters. For example: The bank has a branch in Osaka「銀行は大阪に支店があります」(ぎんこうはおおさかにしてんがあります). I work at the Tokyo branch「私は東京の支店で働いています」(わたしはとうきょうのしてんではたらいています). This term is often used in business contexts to specify locations of offices, stores, or institutions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5809

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Face to face

Reading

Kanji

対Against 面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '対面 (たいめん)' refers to a situation where two or more people meet or interact directly, face-to-face. It is often used in formal or professional contexts, such as meetings, interviews, or consultations. For example: We had a face-to-face meeting with the client「クライアントと対面で会議をした」(クライアントとたいめんでかいぎをした). The teacher conducted a face-to-face consultation with the student「先生は生徒と対面で相談を行った」(せんせいはせいととたいめんでそうだんをおこなった). This term emphasizes the direct and personal nature of the interaction, as opposed to remote or indirect communication.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5810

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Retirement

Reading

Kanji

定Determine 年Year

Explanation

The Japanese noun '定年 (ていねん)' refers to the mandatory retirement age set by a company or organization. It is commonly used in the context of employment and career planning. For example: He reached retirement age「彼は定年に達した」(かれはていねんにたっした). The company's retirement age is 60「会社の定年は60歳です」(かいしゃのていねんはろくじゅっさいです). This term is often associated with the transition from active employment to retirement, and it carries implications for pension plans and post-retirement life.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5811

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Right side

Reading

Kanji

右Right 側Side

Explanation

The Japanese noun '右側 (みぎがわ)' means 'rightside' or 'right side'. It refers to the side that is to the right of a person or object. This word is commonly used in directions, descriptions of locations, or when giving instructions. For example: Please stand on the right side「右側に立ってください」(みぎがわにたってください). The store is on the right side of the street「その店は通りの右側にあります」(そのみせはとおりのみぎがわにあります). It is important to note that '右側' is often used in contrast to '左側 (ひだりがわ)' (left side).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5813

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Face

Reading

Kanji

面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese verb '面する (めんする)' means 'to face' or 'to be facing'. It is used to describe something that is directly opposite or in front of something else, often in a literal or metaphorical sense. For example: the house faces the sea「その家は海に面している」(そのいえはうみにめんしている). The company is facing a difficult situation「その会社は難しい状況に面している」(そのかいしゃはむずかしいじょうきょうにめんしている). This verb is commonly used in both physical and abstract contexts to indicate a direct confrontation or orientation towards something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5814

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Allocation

Reading

Kanji

割Divide, Split 当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '割り当て (わりあて)' means 'allocation'. It refers to the act of assigning or distributing something, such as resources, tasks, or responsibilities, to specific individuals or groups. This word is commonly used in contexts like work, school, or project management. For example: The allocation of tasks was fair「割り当ては公平だった」(わりあてはこうへいだった). Please check your room allocation「部屋の割り当てを確認してください」(へやのわりあてをかくにんしてください). The term can also imply a sense of division or apportionment, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5815

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Allocate

Reading

Kanji

割Divide, Split 当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese verb '割り当てる (わりあてる)' means 'to allocate' or 'to assign'. It is used when distributing resources, tasks, or responsibilities to specific people or purposes. For example: The teacher allocated tasks to the students「先生は生徒に課題を割り当てた」(せんせいはせいとにかだいをわりあてた). The company allocated a budget for the project「会社はプロジェクトに予算を割り当てた」(かいしゃはぷろじぇくとによさんをわりあてた). This verb is often used in formal or organizational contexts, such as work, school, or planning.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5816

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discount

Reading

Kanji

割Divide, Split 引Pull

Explanation

The Japanese verb '割り引く (わりびく)' means 'to discount' or 'to reduce the price of something'. It is commonly used in commercial or financial contexts to indicate a reduction in cost or value. For example: The store discounted the price「店は値段を割り引いた」(みせはねだんをわりびいた). They discounted the importance of the issue「彼らはその問題の重要性を割り引いた」(かれらはそのもんだいのじゅうようせいをわりびいた). Note that this verb can also be used metaphorically to describe reducing the significance or value of something non-monetary.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5817

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relatively

Reading

Kanji

割Divide, Split

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '割に (わりに)' means 'relatively' or 'comparatively'. It is used to indicate that something is more or less than expected, often in comparison to a standard or assumption. It can convey a sense of surprise or contrast. For example: This test was relatively easy「このテストは割に簡単だった」(このテストはわりにかんたんだった). She is relatively tall for her age「彼女は年齢の割に背が高い」(かのじょはねんれいのわりにせがたかい). The adverb is often used to express a deviation from what is typical or anticipated.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5818

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discount

Reading

Kanji

割Divide, Split 引Pull

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '割り引き (わりびき)' means 'discount'. It refers to a reduction in the usual price of something, often used in shopping contexts. This term is commonly seen in stores, advertisements, and sales promotions. For example: I got a discount on this shirt「このシャツは割り引きしてもらった」(このシャツはわりびきしてもらった). The store is offering a 20% discount today「今日は20%の割り引きをしています」(きょうは20パーセントのわりびきをしています). Note that '割り引き' is often used with percentages or specific amounts to indicate the extent of the discount.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5819

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relatively

Reading

Kanji

割Divide, Split 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '割合に (わりあいに)' means 'relatively'. It is used to indicate that something is somewhat or comparatively true in relation to something else. This adverb is often used to express a moderate degree or a balanced perspective. For example: This book is relatively easy to read「この本は割合に読みやすい」(このほんはわりあいによみやすい). The weather today is relatively warm「今日の天気は割合に暖かい」(きょうのてんきはわりあいにあたたかい). It can also imply a sense of proportion or balance, as in '割合に公平 (わりあいにこうへい) (relatively fair)'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5821

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Completely

Reading

Kanji

残Remainder

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '残らず (のこらず)' means 'completely' or 'without exception'. It is used to indicate that something is done thoroughly, leaving nothing behind or untouched. This word often emphasizes the entirety of an action or state. For example: He ate everything completely「彼は残らず食べた」(かれはのこらずたべた). The documents were checked without exception「書類は残らずチェックされた」(しょるいはのこらずチェックされた). This adverb is commonly used in contexts where thoroughness or completeness is emphasized, such as in tasks, consumption, or examination.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5822

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Payment

Reading

Kanji

払Pay, Drive away

Explanation

The Japanese noun '払い (はらい)' refers to the act of paying or settling a debt. It is commonly used in contexts involving financial transactions, such as paying bills, fees, or installments. For example: I made the payment「払いをしました」(はらいをしました). The monthly payment is due「月払いが期限です」(つきばらいがきげんです). This word can also appear in compound terms like '分割払い (ぶんかつばらい)' (installment payment) or '前払い (まえばらい)' (advance payment).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5823

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reclaim

Reading

Kanji

取Take 返Return

Explanation

The Japanese verb '取り返す (とりかえす)' means 'to reclaim' or 'to take back'. It is used when someone retrieves something that was lost, stolen, or taken away. This verb can also imply recovering from a setback or regaining something intangible, such as time or trust. For example: I reclaimed my lost wallet「失くした財布を取り返した」(なくしたさいふをとりかえした). He tried to reclaim his reputation「彼は評判を取り返そうとした」(かれはひょうばんをとりかえそうとした). The verb often carries a sense of effort or struggle in the process of reclaiming.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5831

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting