Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Kanji JLPT Level

word

Meaning

Schedule

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun 程Order, Extent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日程 (にってい)' refers to a 'schedule' or 'itinerary'. It is commonly used to describe a planned sequence of events or activities, often in a formal or organized context. For example: the schedule for the meeting is set「会議の日程が決まった」(かいぎのにっていがきまった). Please check the itinerary for the trip「旅行の日程を確認してください」(りょこうのにっていをかくにんしてください). This word is often used in professional or planning contexts, such as business meetings, events, or travel arrangements.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7049

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Extent

Reading

Kanji

程Order, Extent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '程 (ほど)' refers to the degree, extent, or limit of something. It is often used to express the idea of 'to the extent that' or 'as much as.' For example: I was surprised to the extent that I couldn't speak「驚いて言葉が出ないほどだった」(おどろいてことばがでないほどだった). The heat was unbearable to the extent that I couldn't sleep「暑くて眠れないほどだった」(あつくてねむれないほどだった). It can also be used to indicate an approximate amount or time, as in 'about 30 minutes'「30分ほど」(さんじゅっぷんほど). This word is versatile and can be used in various contexts to describe the extent or degree of a situation or condition.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7050

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Victory, Championship

Reading

Kanji

優Superior, Gentle 勝Victory

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '優勝 (ゆうしょう)' refers to winning a competition or tournament, often implying a championship or first-place finish. It is commonly used in sports, games, or contests. For example: Our team won the championship「私たちのチームが優勝した」(わたしたちのチームがゆうしょうした). He achieved victory in the tournament「彼はトーナメントで優勝した」(かれはトーナメントでゆうしょうした). The word carries a sense of achievement and is often associated with formal or competitive settings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7051

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inside outside, Domestic foreign

Reading

Kanji

内Inside 外Outside

Explanation

The Japanese noun '内外 (ないがい)' can mean both 'inside and outside' and 'domestic and foreign'. When referring to 'inside and outside', it is often used to describe the physical or conceptual boundaries of something, such as a building or an organization. For example: The company is known both inside and outside the industry「その会社は業界の内外で知られている」(そのかいしゃはぎょうかいのないがいでしられている). When referring to 'domestic and foreign', it is used to describe something that pertains to both within a country and outside of it. For example: The policy affects both domestic and foreign markets「その政策は内外の市場に影響を与える」(そのせいさくはないがいのしじょうにえいきょうをあたえる). The context in which '内外' is used will determine which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7058

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grammar

Reading

Kanji

文Sentence 法Law, Method

Explanation

The Japanese noun '文法 (ぶんぽう)' means 'grammar'. It refers to the set of structural rules governing the composition of clauses, phrases, and words in any given natural language. In Japanese, it is used to discuss the rules and structure of the language itself. For example: I study Japanese grammar「私は日本語の文法を勉強します」(わたしはにほんごのぶんぽうをべんきょうします). This grammar rule is difficult「この文法規則は難しい」(このぶんぽうきそくはむずかしい). Understanding '文法' is crucial for mastering the Japanese language, as it helps in forming correct sentences and understanding the language's structure.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7059

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Corner

Reading

Kanji

追Follow 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '追い込む (おいこむ)' primarily means 'to corner' or 'to drive into a corner'. It is used to describe the act of forcing someone or something into a difficult or inescapable situation. This verb can be used both literally and figuratively. For example: The police cornered the thief「警察は泥棒を追い込んだ」(けいさつはどろぼうをおいこんだ). The pressure of the deadline is cornering him「締め切りのプレッシャーが彼を追い込んでいる」(しめきりのぷれっしゃーがかれをおいこんでいる). Note that this verb often implies a sense of pressure or urgency.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7065

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Request

Reading

Kanji

要Important, Need 望Hope, Ambition

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '要望 (ようぼう)' means 'request' or 'demand'. It is used to express a formal or strong desire for something, often in a professional or official context. This term is commonly used in business, customer service, or when making appeals to authorities. For example: we received a request from the client「クライアントから要望がありました」(クライアントからようぼうがありました). The residents submitted a request to the city「住民が市に要望を提出しました」(じゅうみんがしにようぼうをていしゅつしました). Note that '要望' carries a nuance of being a formal or significant request, rather than a casual one.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7068

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Promising

Reading

Kanji

有Exist 望Hope, Ambition

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '有望 (ゆうぼう)' means 'promising'. It is used to describe something or someone that has a high potential for success or a bright future. This term is often used in contexts related to career prospects, business opportunities, or talent. For example: He is a promising young actor「彼は有望な若手俳優です」(かれはゆうぼうなわかてはいゆうです). This project seems promising「このプロジェクトは有望です」(このプロジェクトはゆうぼうです). The word can also be used to describe a promising future, as in '有望な未来 (ゆうぼうなみらい) (promising future)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7069

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Eagerly await

Reading

Kanji

待Wait 望Hope, Ambition

Explanation

The Japanese verb '待ち望む (まちのぞむ)' means 'to eagerly await' or 'to look forward to with anticipation'. It conveys a sense of hopeful expectation, often for something positive or significant. This verb is commonly used in contexts where someone is waiting for an event, outcome, or person with great enthusiasm or longing. For example: I am eagerly awaiting the arrival of spring「春の到来を待ち望んでいる」(はるのとうらいをまちのぞんでいる). She eagerly awaited her friend's return「彼女は友達の帰りを待ち望んでいた」(かのじょはともだちのかえりをまちのぞんでいた). The verb combines '待つ (まつ)' (to wait) and '望む (のぞむ)' (to hope or desire), emphasizing both the waiting and the hopeful anticipation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7070

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Donation

Reading

Kanji

寄Draw near 付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese noun '寄付 (きふ)' means 'donation'. It refers to the act of giving money, goods, or services to a person or organization in need, often for charitable purposes. This word is commonly used in contexts related to charity, fundraising, and community support. For example: I made a donation to the hospital「病院に寄付をしました」(びょういんにきふをしました). The school received a large donation「学校は大きな寄付を受け取りました」(がっこうはおおきなきふをうけとりました). It's important to note that '寄付' can also refer to the act of contributing to a cause or project, not just monetary donations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7077

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

King

Reading

Kanji

大Big 王King

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大王 (だいおう)' means 'king' or 'great king'. It is a term used to refer to a powerful monarch or ruler, often with a sense of grandeur or historical significance. This word is typically used in historical or literary contexts to describe legendary or influential kings. For example: The great king ruled the land「大王はその地を治めた」(だいおうはそのちをおさめた). The king of the ancient kingdom「古代王国の大王」(こだいおうこくのだいおう). The term carries a connotation of majesty and authority, and is less commonly used in modern everyday language.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7081

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Midway

Reading

Kanji

中Center 途Way, Route

Explanation

The Japanese noun '中途 (ちゅうと)' refers to the middle or halfway point of something, such as a process, journey, or period of time. It is often used to describe being in the middle of an action or state. For example: I quit the project midway「プロジェクトを中途でやめた」(ぷろじぇくとをちゅうとでやめた). He stopped midway through the speech「彼はスピーチの途中で止まった」(かれはすぴーちのとちゅうでとまった). The word can also imply incompleteness or interruption, as in '中途半端 (ちゅうとはんぱ)', which means 'half-finished' or 'half-hearted'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7082

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Protrude, Thrust out

Reading

Kanji

突Stab, Dash 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '突き出す (つきだす)' can mean 'to thrust out' or 'to protrude'. It is used to describe the action of pushing something outward or extending something beyond its usual position. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: he thrust out his hand「彼は手を突き出した」(かれはてをつきだした). The rock protrudes from the wall「岩が壁から突き出している」(いわがかべからつきだしている). In a figurative sense, it can also mean to bring something to light or expose something, such as in 'to thrust out a problem (問題を突き出す) (もんだいをつきだす)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7083

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Legal affairs

Reading

Kanji

法Law, Method 務Duty, Task

Explanation

The Japanese noun '法務 (ほうむ)' refers to 'legal affairs' or matters related to the law. This term is often used in professional or formal contexts, such as within companies, government offices, or legal institutions. It encompasses activities like legal compliance, contract management, and other legal-related tasks. For example: He works in legal affairs「彼は法務に従事している」(かれはほうむにじゅうじしている). The company has a strong legal affairs department「その会社は強力な法務部を持っている」(そのかいしゃはきょうりょくなほうむぶをもっている). The term is commonly used in compound words like '法務部 (ほうむぶ)' (legal department) or '法務局 (ほうむきょく)' (legal affairs bureau).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7097

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Combine

Reading

Kanji

合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '合 (ごう)' is used to indicate combining, joining, or matching. It often appears in compound words to convey the idea of things coming together or working in unison. For example: teamwork「チームワークの合」(チームワークのごう). This suffix is commonly used in contexts where collaboration or synchronization is emphasized, such as in sports, business, or social activities. Another example: a good match「良い合」(よいごう). It's important to note that this suffix is typically attached to nouns or other suffixes to form new compound words.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7108

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

First generation

Reading

Kanji

初Beginning, First 代Substitute, Era

Explanation

The Japanese noun '初代 (しょだい)' refers to the first generation or first incarnation of something. It is often used to describe the original version or first edition of a product, model, or series, as well as the first leader or founder of a group or dynasty. Example: This is the first generation of the game console 「これはゲーム機の初代です」 (これはゲームきのしょだいです). The first emperor of Japan is known as the founder of the country 「日本の初代天皇は国の創始者として知られています」 (にほんのしょだいてんのうはくにのそうししゃとしてしられています). Note that this word is often used in historical contexts where the original version is significant.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7113

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stick

Reading

Kanji

付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'くっ付く (くっつく)' means 'to stick' or 'to adhere'. It is used to describe objects or surfaces that are physically attached or clinging to each other. This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe people who are closely attached or inseparable. For example: The sticker sticks to the wall「シールが壁にくっ付く」(シールがかべにくっつく). Those two are always together「あの二人はいつもくっ付いている」(あのふたりはいつもくっついている). The verb can also imply a sense of closeness or intimacy in relationships.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7121

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Acceleration

Reading

Kanji

加Join, Add 速Quick

Explanation

The Japanese noun '加速 (かそく)' means 'acceleration'. It refers to the increase in speed or rate of something, often used in contexts like physics, vehicles, or processes. For example: the car's acceleration is fast「車の加速が速い」(くるまのかそくがはやい). The acceleration of technological progress is remarkable「技術の進歩の加速が著しい」(ぎじゅつのしんぽのかそくがいちじるしい). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe the speeding up of events or changes.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7129

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chief

Reading

Kanji

主Master 任Duty, Responsibility

Explanation

The Japanese noun '主任 (しゅにん)' refers to a person in charge or a chief of a section or department. It is commonly used in workplaces to denote someone who holds a supervisory or managerial position. For example: He is the chief of the sales department「彼は営業部の主任です」(かれはえいぎょうぶのしゅにんです). The chief will explain the new project「主任が新しいプロジェクトを説明します」(しゅにんがあたらしいぷろじぇくとをせつめいします). This term emphasizes responsibility and leadership within a specific area of work.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7132

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

West side

Reading

Kanji

西West 側Side

Explanation

The Japanese noun '西側 (にしがわ)' refers to the 'westside' or the western part of something, such as a city, region, or area. It is commonly used to describe geographical locations or directions. For example: the westside of the city is quiet「街の西側は静かです」(まちのにしがわはしずかです). The school is on the westside of the park「学校は公園の西側にあります」(がっこうはこうえんのにしがわにあります). This term is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7135

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pain

Reading

Kanji

痛Pain

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '痛 (つう)' is used to describe something related to pain or suffering. It is often attached to other words to form compound nouns that describe specific types of pain or painful conditions. For example: headache「頭痛」(ずつう), stomachache「腹痛」(ふくつう). This suffix is commonly used in medical contexts or when discussing physical discomfort. It can also be used metaphorically to describe emotional pain or distress, although this usage is less common. For example: heartache「心痛」(しんつう).

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7136

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Delight

Reading

Kanji

喜Rejoice

Explanation

The Japanese verb '喜ばす (よろこばす)' means 'to delight' or 'to make someone happy'. It is a transitive verb, meaning it requires a direct object. This verb is often used to describe actions that bring joy or happiness to others. For example: She delighted her parents with her success「彼女は成功で両親を喜ばせた」(かのじょはせいこうでりょうしんをよろこばせた). The gift delighted the child「そのプレゼントは子供を喜ばせた」(そのプレゼントはこどもをよろこばせた). Note that this verb is less commonly used in casual conversation and is more formal or literary in tone.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7137

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Regular

Reading

Kanji

正Correct 規Standard, Regulation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '正規 (せいき)' means 'regular' or 'standard'. It is often used to describe something that follows official rules, standards, or norms. For example, it can refer to regular employees (as opposed to part-time or temporary workers) or standard procedures. Example sentences: He is a regular employee「彼は正規の社員です」(かれはせいきのしゃいんです). This is the standard procedure「これは正規の手順です」(これはせいきのてじゅんです). The word can also imply legitimacy or formality in certain contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7148

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Denial

Reading

Kanji

否Negate 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '否定 (ひてい)' means 'denial' or 'negation'. It is used to express the act of denying or negating something, such as a statement, fact, or claim. This word is often used in formal or logical contexts. For example: he denied the accusation「彼はその非難を否定した」(かれはそのひなんをひていした). The theory was negated by new evidence「その理論は新しい証拠によって否定された」(そのりろんはあたらしいしょうこによってひていされた). It can also be used in phrases like '自己否定 (じこひてい)' (self-denial) or '否定形 (ひていけい)' (negative form in grammar).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7154

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Superstition

Reading

Kanji

迷Perplexed, Astray 信Trust

Explanation

The Japanese noun '迷信 (めいしん)' refers to 'superstition', which is a belief or practice resulting from ignorance, fear of the unknown, or trust in magic or chance. It is often used to describe irrational beliefs that are not based on scientific evidence. For example: Many people still believe in superstitions「多くの人がまだ迷信を信じている」(おおくのひとがまだめいしんをしんじている). Breaking a mirror brings bad luck, according to superstition「迷信によると、鏡を割ると不運が訪れる」(めいしんによると、かがみをわるとふうんがおとずれる). This word is commonly used in discussions about cultural practices, folklore, or irrational beliefs.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7156

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lost child

Reading

Kanji

迷Perplexed, Astray 子Child

Explanation

The Japanese noun '迷子 (まいご)' refers to a 'lost child'. It is commonly used to describe a child who has become separated from their parents or guardians in a public place. The term can also be used more broadly to describe someone who is lost or confused, though this usage is less common. Example sentences: The child got lost in the crowd「その子は人混みで迷子になった」(そのこはひとごみでまいごになった). I found a lost child at the station「駅で迷子を見つけた」(えきでまいごをみつけた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7157

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Various

Reading

Kanji

種Kind, Variety

Explanation

The Japanese noun '種々 (しゅじゅ)' means 'various' or 'a variety of'. It is used to describe a range of different things or types within a category. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to indicate diversity or multiplicity. For example: There are various types of flowers in the garden「庭には種々の花がある」(にわにはしゅじゅのはながある). We discussed various topics during the meeting「会議中に種々の話題を話し合った」(かいぎちゅうにしゅじゅのわだいをはなしあった). The word can also be used to describe a variety of options or choices, such as in '種々の方法 (しゅじゅのほうほう)' meaning 'various methods'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7161

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cultural asset

Reading

Kanji

文Sentence 化Change 財Wealth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '文化財 (ぶんかざい)' refers to 'cultural assets' or 'cultural properties'. These are items of significant cultural, historical, or artistic value that are preserved and protected by law. Examples include historical buildings, artworks, traditional crafts, and intangible cultural heritage like performing arts. For example: This temple is a designated cultural asset「この寺は文化財に指定されています」(このてらはぶんかざいにしていされています). The government protects cultural assets「政府は文化財を保護しています」(せいふはぶんかざいをほごしています). The term emphasizes the importance of preserving cultural heritage for future generations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7164

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Poor

Reading

Kanji

不Not 得Acquire 意Idea

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不得意 (ふとくい)' means 'poor' or 'not good at'. It is used to describe a lack of skill or proficiency in a particular area. This term is often used in contexts where someone is expressing their weaknesses or areas where they struggle. For example: I am poor at math「私は数学が不得意です」(わたしはすうがくがふとくいです). He is not good at cooking「彼は料理が不得意だ」(かれはりょうりがふとくいだ). The term can be used in both formal and informal settings, and it is commonly paired with specific activities or subjects to indicate where one's lack of skill lies.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7168

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Profit

Reading

Kanji

得Acquire

Explanation

The Japanese verb '得する (とくする)' means 'to profit' or 'to gain an advantage'. It is often used in contexts where someone benefits or gains something advantageous, such as in financial transactions, deals, or situations where one comes out ahead. For example: I profited from the sale「その売買で得した」(そのばいばいでとくした). She gained an advantage by negotiating「彼女は交渉して得した」(かのじょはこうしょうしてとくした). This verb is commonly used in everyday conversations to describe situations where someone benefits or gains something valuable.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7169

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Advantage, Gain

Reading

Kanji

得Acquire

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '得 (とく)' primarily means 'gain' or 'advantage'. It is used to describe something that is beneficial or profitable. This word often appears in contexts related to benefits, profits, or advantageous situations. For example: This plan has many advantages「この計画は得が多い」(このけいかくはとくがおおい). It is not profitable to do that「それは得にならない」(それはとくにならない). Note that '得' can also be used in compound words like '得する (とくする)' meaning 'to profit' or 'to benefit'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7170

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Scatter

Reading

Kanji

散Scatter

Explanation

The Japanese verb '散らばる (ちらばる)' means 'to scatter' or 'to be scattered'. It describes things that are spread out or dispersed in various directions, often in a random or disorganized manner. This verb is commonly used for physical objects like leaves, papers, or people, but it can also describe abstract concepts like ideas or emotions. For example: The leaves scattered in the wind「風で葉っぱが散らばった」(かぜではっぱがちらばった). The children scattered across the park「子供たちが公園に散らばった」(こどもたちがこうえんにちらばった). Note that '散らばる' often implies a natural or unintentional scattering, as opposed to a deliberate action.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7181

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clutter

Reading

Kanji

散Scatter

Explanation

The Japanese verb '散らかる (ちらかる)' means 'to be cluttered' or 'to be scattered around'. It describes a state where things are messy, disorganized, or spread out in an untidy manner. This verb is often used to describe rooms, desks, or any space that is in disorder. For example: The room is cluttered「部屋が散らかっている」(へやがちらかっている). My desk is always messy「私の机はいつも散らかっている」(わたしのつくえはいつもちらかっている). Note that '散らかる' is an intransitive verb, meaning it describes a state rather than an action performed by someone.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7182

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Scatter, Mess up

Reading

Kanji

散Scatter

Explanation

The Japanese verb '散らかす (ちらかす)' primarily means 'to scatter' or 'to mess up'. It is used to describe the action of spreading things around in a disorderly manner, often resulting in a messy or cluttered state. This verb is commonly used in contexts where items are left untidy or disorganized. For example: He scattered his toys all over the room「彼はおもちゃを部屋中に散らかした」(かれはおもちゃをへやじゅうにちらかした). Don't mess up the living room「リビングルームを散らかさないで」(リビングルームをちらかさないで). The verb can also imply negligence or carelessness in handling objects.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7183

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Spinach

Reading

Kanji

草Grass

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ほうれん草 (ほうれんそう)' refers to 'spinach', a leafy green vegetable commonly used in cooking. It is a staple in many Japanese dishes, such as salads, soups, and side dishes. For example: I bought spinach at the market「ほうれん草を市場で買いました」(ほうれんそうをいちばでかいました). Spinach is rich in iron「ほうれん草は鉄分が豊富です」(ほうれんそうはてつぶんがほうふです). This word is often used in everyday conversation, especially when discussing food or recipes.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7186

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Spoken language

Reading

Kanji

話Talk 言Say 葉Leaf

Explanation

The Japanese noun '話し言葉 (はなしことば)' refers to 'spoken language' or 'colloquial speech'. It is used to describe the language that is spoken in everyday conversations, as opposed to written language or formal speech. This term is often used in contrast to '書き言葉 (かきことば)', which means 'written language'. For example: Spoken language is different from written language「話し言葉は書き言葉と違う」(はなしことばはかきことばとちがう). In spoken language, people often use contractions「話し言葉では、よく短縮形が使われる」(はなしことばでは、よくたんしゅくけいがつかわれる).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7187

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Leaf

Reading

Kanji

葉Leaf

Explanation

The Japanese noun '葉っぱ (はっぱ)' means 'leaf'. It is a casual and commonly used term to refer to the leaves of plants or trees. The word is often used in everyday conversation and has a friendly, approachable tone. For example: The leaves are falling「葉っぱが落ちている」(はっぱがおちている). I picked up a beautiful leaf「きれいな葉っぱを拾った」(きれいなはっぱをひろった). Note that '葉っぱ' is a more colloquial form of '葉 (は)', which also means 'leaf' but is slightly more formal.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7189

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Full

Reading

Kanji

腹Abdomen 一One 杯Cup, Cupfuls

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '腹一杯 (はらいっぱい)' literally means 'stomach full' and is used to describe being completely full, usually after eating. It emphasizes satisfaction or being filled to capacity. This term can also be used metaphorically to express being fully satisfied or having had enough of something non-physical. Example sentences: I ate until I was full「腹一杯食べた」(はらいっぱいたべた). He laughed heartily「彼は腹一杯笑った」(かれははらいっぱいわらった). Note that this term is casual and often used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7193

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expulsion, Banishment

Reading

Kanji

追Follow 放Release

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '追放 (ついほう)' refers to the act of expelling or banishing someone or something. It is often used in contexts where a person is forced to leave a place, group, or organization, or when something is removed or eliminated. For example: The dictator was banished from the country「独裁者は国から追放された」(どくさいしゃはくにからついほうされた). The company expelled the corrupt employee「会社は不正な従業員を追放した」(かいしゃはふせいなじゅうぎょういんをついほうした). This term can also be used metaphorically, such as expelling harmful ideas or practices.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7204

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Message

Reading

Kanji

伝Transmit 言Say

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '伝言 (でんごん)' means 'message'. It refers to a piece of information or communication that is passed from one person to another, often when direct communication is not possible. This word is commonly used in situations where someone leaves a message for another person, such as through a phone call, email, or a note. For example: Please leave a message「伝言をお願いします」(でんごんをおねがいします). I received a message from him「彼から伝言をもらいました」(かれからでんごんをもらいました). The word can also be used in the form '伝言する (でんごんする)', which means 'to leave a message' or 'to pass on a message'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7222

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Laughter

Reading

Kanji

笑Laugh 声Voice

Explanation

The Japanese noun '笑い声 (わらいごえ)' refers to the sound of laughter. It is used to describe the audible expression of amusement or joy, often heard in social settings or when someone finds something funny. For example: I heard laughter from the next room「隣の部屋から笑い声が聞こえた」(となりのへやからわらいごえがきこえた). Her laughter was contagious「彼女の笑い声は伝染した」(かのじょのわらいごえはでんせんした). This word is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to describe the sound of people laughing.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7226

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Voice

Reading

Kanji

話Talk 声Voice

Explanation

The Japanese noun '話し声 (はなしごえ)' refers to the sound of someone's voice when they are speaking. It specifically emphasizes the auditory aspect of speech rather than the content. This word is often used to describe the tone, volume, or quality of someone's voice during conversation. For example: I heard a soft voice「優しい話し声が聞こえた」(やさしいはなしごえがきこえた). The loud voices of the children could be heard from outside「子供たちの大きな話し声が外から聞こえた」(こどもたちのおおきなはなしごえがそとからきこえた). Note that '話し声' is distinct from '声 (こえ)', which is a more general term for 'voice' and does not necessarily imply speech.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7228

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Arrival

Reading

Kanji

到Reach, Arrival 着Arrive, Wear

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '到着 (とうちゃく)' means 'arrival'. It refers to the act of reaching a destination or the state of having arrived somewhere. This word is commonly used in contexts related to travel, transportation, or events. For example: The train's arrival is delayed「電車の到着が遅れています」(でんしゃのとうちゃくがおくれています). I will inform you upon my arrival「到着したらお知らせします」(とうちゃくしたらおしらせします). It is often paired with verbs like 'する' to indicate the action of arriving, as in '到着する (とうちゃくする)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7234

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Arrival, Attainment

Reading

Kanji

到Reach, Arrival 達Attain, Plural

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '到達 (とうたつ)' refers to the act of reaching or arriving at a destination, goal, or conclusion. It can be used in both physical and abstract contexts. For example: The climbers reached the summit「登山者たちは山頂に到達した」(とざんしゃたちはさんちょうにとうたつした). The research has reached a conclusion「研究は結論に到達した」(けんきゅうはけつろんにとうたつした). This term emphasizes the completion of a journey or process, highlighting the effort or time taken to achieve the result.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7235

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bankruptcy

Reading

Kanji

倒Topple, Overthrow 産Give birth

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '倒産 (とうさん)' refers to the state or event of a business going bankrupt or insolvent. It is commonly used in economic and business contexts to describe a company's failure to continue operations due to financial difficulties. For example: The company went bankrupt「その会社は倒産した」(そのかいしゃはとうさんした). Many small businesses face bankruptcy「多くの小企業が倒産に直面している」(おおくのしょうきぎょうがとうさんにちょくめんしている). The term is often used in news reports or discussions about economic trends.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7236

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Trouble, Bother

Reading

Kanji

面Face, Surface 倒Topple, Overthrow

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '面倒 (めんどう)' primarily means 'trouble' or 'bother'. It is used to describe situations, tasks, or interactions that are troublesome, inconvenient, or require effort. It can also imply a sense of annoyance or reluctance. For example: It's too much trouble to explain「説明するのは面倒だ」(せつめいするのはめんどうだ). I don't want to deal with this bothersome task「この面倒な仕事をやりたくない」(このめんどうなしごとをやりたくない). Additionally, '面倒を見る (めんどうをみる)' is a common phrase meaning 'to take care of someone' or 'to look after someone', which adds a nuance of responsibility or care to the word.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7237

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Criticize, Plunge

Reading

Kanji

突Stab, Dash 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '突っ込む (つっこむ)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to plunge' or 'to thrust into,' which can be used both literally and figuratively. For example: he plunged his hand into the water「彼は手を水に突っ込んだ」(かれはてをみずにつっこんだ). The second meaning is 'to criticize' or 'to point out flaws,' often used in a conversational context. For example: she criticized his careless remark「彼女は彼の不用意な発言に突っ込んだ」(かのじょはかれのふよういなはつげんにつっこんだ). The verb can also imply a sense of diving deeply into a topic or situation, whether physically or intellectually.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7243

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rear end

Reading

Kanji

追Follow 突Stab, Dash

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '追突 (ついとつ)' refers to a rear-end collision, typically involving vehicles. It is used to describe the act of one vehicle hitting the back of another vehicle. This term is commonly used in traffic accident reports and discussions about road safety. For example: There was a rear-end collision on the highway「高速道路で追突事故があった」(こうそくどうろでついとつじこがあった). The car behind me rear-ended my car「後ろの車が私の車に追突した」(うしろのくるまがわたしのくるまについとつした). It's important to note that '追突' specifically refers to the action of hitting from behind, distinguishing it from other types of collisions.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7244

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Constantly

Reading

Kanji

絶Break off, Extinction

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '絶えず (たえず)' means 'constantly' or 'continuously'. It is used to describe actions or states that occur without interruption or pause. This word emphasizes the ongoing nature of an activity or condition. For example: He is constantly working「彼は絶えず働いている」(かれはたえずはたらいている). The river flows constantly「川は絶えず流れている」(かわはたえずながれている). It is often used in formal or written contexts to convey a sense of unceasing activity or persistence.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7255

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cohabitation

Reading

Kanji

同Same 居Reside, Be

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '同居 (どうきょ)' refers to the act of living together, typically in the same household. It is often used to describe situations where multiple people, such as family members, roommates, or partners, share a living space. This term can also imply a sense of coexistence or shared living arrangements. For example: My grandparents live with us「祖父母が同居している」(そふぼがどうきょしている). They decided to cohabitate after getting married「結婚後に同居することにした」(けっこんごにどうきょすることにした). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as describing the coexistence of different species or ideas.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7310

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dusk

Reading

Kanji

夕Evening 暮Livelihood

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夕暮れ (ゆうぐれ)' refers to the time of day when the sun is setting and the sky is transitioning from daylight to darkness, commonly known as 'dusk'. It is often associated with a serene and poetic atmosphere, frequently used in literature and daily conversation to evoke a sense of calm or nostalgia. For example: The sky at dusk is beautiful「夕暮れの空は美しい」(ゆうぐれのそらはうつくしい). We took a walk at dusk「私たちは夕暮れに散歩しました」(わたしたちはゆうぐれにさんぽしました). This word captures the fleeting beauty of the evening, making it a favorite in Japanese poetry and art.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7319

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sleepy

Reading

Kanji

眠Sleep, Sleepy

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '眠たい (ねむたい)' means 'sleepy'. It is used to describe a strong desire or need to sleep, often due to tiredness or boredom. This word is commonly used in casual conversations to express a physical state of drowsiness. For example: I feel sleepy「眠たいです」(ねむたいです). He looks sleepy「彼は眠たそうだ」(かれはねむたそうだ). Note that '眠たい' is often used interchangeably with '眠い (ねむい)', though '眠たい' can sometimes imply a more intense or urgent feeling of sleepiness.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7350

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pass by

Reading

Kanji

通Commute, Pass 掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese verb '通り掛かる (とおりかかる)' means 'to pass by' or 'to happen to pass by'. It is used when someone is passing by a place, often unintentionally or coincidentally. This verb is commonly used in everyday conversations to describe situations where someone is walking or moving near a location. For example: I happened to pass by the park「公園を通り掛かった」(こうえんをとおりかかった). She passed by the store「彼女はその店を通り掛かった」(かのじょはそのみせをとおりかかった). The verb can also imply a sense of chance or coincidence, as in 'I happened to pass by when it started raining'「雨が降り始めた時に通り掛かった」(あめがふりはじめたときにとおりかかった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7354

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hook, Trick

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引っ掛ける (ひっかける)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to hook', which refers to physically catching or attaching something with a hook. For example: he hooked the fish「彼は魚を引っ掛けた」(かれはさかなをひっかけた). The second meaning is 'to trick', which involves deceiving someone. For example: she tricked him into buying the car「彼女は彼を引っ掛けて車を買わせた」(かのじょはかれをひっかけてくるまをかわせた). This verb can also imply a quick or casual action, such as hanging a coat on a hook or snagging something briefly. It's versatile and context-dependent, so the intended meaning is often clear from the situation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7355

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lean

Reading

Kanji

寄Draw near 掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese verb '寄り掛かる (よりかかる)' means 'to lean' or 'to rest against'. It is used when someone or something is leaning on or relying on another object or person for support. This verb can be used both literally and figuratively. For example: she leaned on the wall「彼女は壁に寄り掛かった」(かのじょはかべによりかかった). He relies too much on others「彼は他人に寄り掛かりすぎる」(かれはたにんによりかかりすぎる). The verb can also imply a sense of dependence or reliance in a figurative context.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7357

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Greeting

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 迎Welcome

Explanation

The Japanese noun '出迎え (でむかえ)' refers to the act of greeting someone, particularly when meeting them at a specific location, such as an airport, station, or entrance. It implies going out of one's way to welcome or receive someone. For example: I went to the airport to greet my friend「友達を出迎えるために空港に行った」(ともだちをでむかえるためにくうこうにいった). The hotel staff provided a warm greeting「ホテルのスタッフが温かい出迎えをしてくれた」(ホテルのスタッフがあたたかいでむかえをしてくれた). This word is often used in formal or polite contexts, such as business meetings or welcoming guests.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7362

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Welcoming

Reading

Kanji

迎Welcome

Explanation

The Japanese noun '迎え (むかえ)' refers to the act of welcoming or receiving someone, often used in contexts where someone is being picked up or greeted. It can also imply the act of meeting someone, such as at a station or airport. For example: I will go to the station to pick him up「彼を迎えに駅に行きます」(かれをむかえにえきにいきます). The welcoming of guests is important「お客様の迎えは大切です」(おきゃくさまのむかえはたいせつです). This word is often used in formal or polite settings, emphasizing the act of receiving someone with respect or hospitality.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7363

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Summit

Reading

Kanji

頂Crown, Accept 上Up

Explanation

The Japanese noun '頂上 (ちょうじょう)' refers to the highest point or peak of a mountain or hill. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the pinnacle or climax of something, such as a career or event. For example: we reached the summit「頂上に着いた」(ちょうじょうについた). The summit of his career「彼のキャリアの頂上」(かれのキャリアのちょうじょう). This word is often used in the context of mountain climbing or hiking, but can also be applied to other situations where reaching the highest point is significant.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7386

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Visit, Afflict

Reading

Kanji

見See 舞Dance

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見舞う (みまう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to visit', specifically used when visiting someone who is sick, injured, or in distress. For example: I visited my friend in the hospital「友達を見舞いに病院へ行った」(ともだちをみまいにびょういんへいった). The second meaning is 'to afflict' or 'to be struck by', often referring to natural disasters or misfortunes. For example: The town was struck by a typhoon「町は台風に見舞われた」(まちはたいふうにみまわれた). The verb is commonly used in both contexts, and the meaning depends on the situation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7413

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ancestor

Reading

Kanji

祖Ancestor 先Before, Previous

Explanation

The Japanese noun '祖先 (そせん)' refers to one's ancestors or forebears. It is commonly used to describe the lineage or family heritage of a person, group, or species. This word carries a respectful tone and is often used in historical, cultural, or genealogical contexts. For example: My ancestors came from Japan「私の祖先は日本から来ました」(わたしのそせんはにほんからきました). We should respect our ancestors「私たちは祖先を尊敬すべきです」(わたしたちはそせんをそんけいすべきです). The word can also be used in a broader sense to refer to the ancestors of humanity or other species, such as in scientific discussions about evolution.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7420

Composition

kanji

Handwriting