Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Kanji JLPT Level

word

Meaning

Transition

Reading

Kanji

推Infer 移Move, Transfer

Explanation

The Japanese noun '推移 (すいい)' refers to a 'transition' or 'change over time'. It is commonly used to describe the process or progression of events, trends, or states. For example: the transition of seasons「季節の推移」(きせつのすいい). The change in economic conditions「経済状況の推移」(けいざいじょうきょうのすいい). This word is often used in formal or analytical contexts to discuss shifts or developments in various fields such as economics, history, or science.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5664

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Peach

Reading

Kanji

桃Peach

Explanation

The Japanese noun '桃 (もも)' refers to the fruit 'peach'. It is commonly used to describe the fruit itself, as well as things that are peach-colored or peach-shaped. In Japanese culture, peaches are often associated with longevity and good fortune, and they appear in various folktales and traditions. Example sentences: I ate a peach「桃を食べた」(ももをたべた). The peach is sweet「桃は甘い」(ももはあまい). This juice is made from peaches「このジュースは桃から作られている」(このジュースはももからつくられている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5667

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Feast

Reading

Kanji

宴Banquet

Explanation

The Japanese noun '宴 (うたげ)' refers to a 'feast' or 'banquet'. It is used to describe a large, celebratory meal or gathering, often with entertainment, music, and drinking. This word carries a sense of festivity and enjoyment, typically associated with special occasions or celebrations. For example: The lord hosted a grand feast「殿様が盛大な宴を催した」(とのさまがせいだいなうたげをもよおした). We enjoyed the feast with music and dance「私たちは音楽と踊りで宴を楽しんだ」(わたしたちはおんがくとおどりでうたげをたのしんだ). The word can also imply a sense of indulgence or revelry, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5673

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sect

Reading

Kanji

宗Religion

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '宗 (しゅう)' means 'sect' and is commonly used in the context of religious or philosophical schools. It refers to a specific branch or tradition within a larger religious or philosophical system. For example, in Buddhism, it is used to denote different sects such as Zen Buddhism (禅宗, ぜんしゅう) or Pure Land Buddhism (浄土宗, じょうどしゅう). The suffix can also be used more broadly to refer to any organized group or school of thought. Example sentences: He belongs to the Zen sect「彼は禅宗です」(かれはぜんしゅうです). This temple is affiliated with the Pure Land sect「この寺は浄土宗です」(このてらはじょうどしゅうです).

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5680

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rapid, Sudden

Reading

Kanji

急Urgent 激Violent, Fierce

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '急激 (きゅうげき)' describes something that happens suddenly or changes rapidly. It is often used to describe abrupt changes in situations, conditions, or trends. For example: a sudden increase in temperature「気温の急激な上昇」(きおんのきゅうげきなじょうしょう). The rapid growth of technology「技術の急激な進歩」(ぎじゅつのきゅうげきなしんぽ). This word emphasizes the speed and intensity of the change, making it suitable for both positive and negative contexts.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5684

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Engagement

Reading

Kanji

従Follow, Obey 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '従事 (じゅうじ)' refers to being engaged or involved in a particular activity, occupation, or job. It is often used in formal contexts to describe someone's professional involvement or dedication to a specific field or task. For example: He is engaged in research「彼は研究に従事している」(かれはけんきゅうにじゅうじしている). She works in education「彼女は教育に従事している」(かのじょはきょういくにじゅうじしている). The term emphasizes active participation or commitment to a role or activity.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5686

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pig

Reading

Kanji

豚Pig, Pork

Explanation

The Japanese noun '豚 (ぶた)' refers to a pig, the domesticated animal commonly raised for meat. It is used in everyday language to describe the animal itself or in contexts related to food, such as pork. For example: I saw a pig at the farm「農場で豚を見た」(のうじょうでぶたをみた). This restaurant serves delicious pork「このレストランは美味しい豚肉を出す」(このレストランはおいしいぶたにくをだす). The word can also appear in compound words like '豚肉 (ぶたにく)' meaning 'pork'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5698

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inferior

Reading

Kanji

劣Inferior, Inferiority

Explanation

The Japanese verb '劣る (おとる)' means 'to be inferior' or 'to be worse than'. It is used to compare two things, where one is of lesser quality, ability, or value compared to the other. This verb often carries a nuance of being lacking or not measuring up to a standard. For example: His skills are inferior to hers「彼のスキルは彼女に劣る」(かれのスキルはかのじょにおとる). This product is inferior to the previous model「この製品は前のモデルに劣る」(このせいひんはまえのモデルにおとる). Note that '劣る' is typically used in formal or written contexts and is less common in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5712

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Luck

Reading

Kanji

吉Lucky, Good luck

Explanation

The Japanese noun '吉 (きち)' primarily means 'luck' or 'good fortune'. It is often used in contexts related to auspiciousness or favorable outcomes. This term is commonly seen in traditional settings, such as in fortune-telling (omikuji) or in names of places and people to convey a sense of prosperity. For example: This is a lucky day「今日は吉の日だ」(きょうはきちのひだ). The fortune slip says good luck「おみくじは吉と言っている」(おみくじはきちといっている). Note that '吉' can also appear in compound words or names, where it retains its connotation of positivity and good fortune.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5716

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Membrane

Reading

Kanji

膜Membrane

Explanation

The Japanese noun '膜 (まく)' refers to a thin, flexible layer of tissue or material that covers or separates parts of an organism or object. It is commonly used in both biological and technical contexts. For example: the cell membrane is important「細胞膜は重要です」(さいぼうまくはじゅうようです). The plastic wrap is a thin membrane「そのラップは薄い膜です」(そのラップはうすいまくです). In medical contexts, it can refer to membranes in the body, such as the mucous membrane '粘膜 (ねんまく)'. The word can also be used metaphorically to describe thin layers in non-biological contexts, such as films or coatings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5717

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crucial

Reading

Kanji

肝Liver 心Heart

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '肝心 (かんじん)' means 'crucial' or 'essential'. It is used to describe something that is of utmost importance or critical to a situation. This word often emphasizes the significance of a particular element or action. For example: The most crucial part is to stay calm「肝心なのは落ち着くことだ」(かんじんなのはおちつくことだ). It's crucial to follow the instructions「肝心なのは指示に従うことだ」(かんじんなのはしじにしたがうことだ). The word can also be used in contexts where something is vital or indispensable, such as in planning or decision-making processes.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5721

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Viewing

Reading

Kanji

視See, Look 聴Listen

Explanation

The Japanese noun '視聴 (しちょう)' refers to the act of watching or viewing something, often used in the context of media such as TV programs, videos, or broadcasts. It can also imply listening, especially in contexts where both visual and auditory elements are involved. For example: The viewing rate of the program was high「その番組の視聴率は高かった」(そのばんぐみのしちょうりつはたかかった). I watched the live broadcast「生放送を視聴した」(なまほうそうをしちょうした). This term is commonly used in discussions about media consumption and audience metrics.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5730

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Escape

Reading

Kanji

免Excuse, Exempt

Explanation

The Japanese verb '免れる (まぬがれる)' means 'to escape' or 'to avoid' something undesirable, such as danger, punishment, or an unfortunate situation. It implies narrowly avoiding something negative. For example: He escaped the accident「彼は事故を免れた」(かれはじこをまぬがれた). She avoided punishment「彼女は罰を免れた」(かのじょはばつをまぬがれた). This verb is often used in formal or written contexts and carries a nuance of relief or luck in avoiding the negative outcome.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5734

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Raising

Reading

Kanji

提Present, Submit 起Wake up

Explanation

The Japanese noun '提起 (ていき)' means 'raising' or 'bringing up' an issue, question, or topic. It is often used in formal or legal contexts to indicate the act of presenting something for consideration or discussion. For example: The lawyer raised an important question「弁護士が重要な問題を提起した」(べんごしがじゅうようなもんだいをていきした). The professor brought up a new topic in class「教授が授業で新しい話題を提起した」(きょうじゅがじゅぎょうであたらしいわだいをていきした). This word is commonly used in discussions, debates, or when initiating a formal inquiry.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5741

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

History

Reading

Kanji

履Fulfill, Footgear 歴Curriculum, Continuation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '履歴 (りれき)' refers to a record or history of events, actions, or experiences. It is commonly used in contexts such as job histories, academic records, or personal histories. For example: Please submit your job history「履歴を提出してください」(りれきをていしゅつしてください). His academic history is impressive「彼の学歴は素晴らしい」(かれのがくれきはすばらしい). This word can also be used in digital contexts, such as browser history 'ブラウザの履歴 (ぶらうざのりれき)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5748

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Countries

Reading

Kanji

箇Item, Counter for articles 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '箇国 (かこく)' is used to count or refer to multiple countries. It is often used in formal or written contexts, such as in legal documents, reports, or academic discussions. For example: three countries「三箇国」(さんかこく). This suffix is typically attached to numbers or quantifiers to specify the number of countries being discussed. It is important to note that '箇国' is more formal and less commonly used in everyday conversation compared to '国 (くに)' when referring to countries. Example sentences: The treaty involves five countries「その条約は五箇国が関わっている」(そのじょうやくはごかこくがかかわっている). The survey covers ten countries「その調査は十箇国を対象としている」(そのちょうさはじゅっかこくをたいしょうとしている).

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5750

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Origin

Reading

Kanji

起Wake up 源Origin, Source

Explanation

The Japanese noun '起源 (きげん)' refers to the 'origin' or 'beginning' of something. It is often used to describe the starting point or source of events, ideas, or phenomena. For example: the origin of life「生命の起源」(せいめいのきげん). The origin of this tradition is unclear「この伝統の起源は不明です」(このでんとうのきげんはふめいです). This word is commonly used in historical, scientific, and cultural contexts to discuss the roots or inception of a subject.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5761

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Break, Ruin

Reading

Kanji

崩Collapse, Crumble

Explanation

The Japanese verb '崩す (くずす)' primarily means 'to break' or 'to ruin'. It is used to describe the act of breaking something down, either physically or metaphorically. For example, it can refer to breaking a structure, such as a wall or a pile, or ruining a plan or a mood. Example sentences: He broke the wall「彼は壁を崩した」(かれはかべをくずした). The bad news ruined the mood「悪いニュースが雰囲気を崩した」(わるいニュースがふんいきをくずした). The verb can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as disrupting a schedule or ruining a relationship.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5763

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

District

Reading

Kanji

丁Street 目Eye

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '丁目 (ちょうめ)' is used to denote a specific district or block within a city or town. It is commonly used in addresses to specify a particular area or neighborhood. For example: I live in the third district「私は3丁目に住んでいます」(わたしはさんちょうめにすんでいます). The restaurant is in the fifth district「そのレストランは5丁目にあります」(そのレストランはごちょうめにあります). This suffix is essential for navigating and understanding Japanese addresses, as it helps to pinpoint locations within larger areas.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5770

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beneficial

Reading

Kanji

有Exist 益Profit, Benefit

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '有益 (ゆうえき)' means 'beneficial'. It is used to describe something that provides a significant advantage, profit, or positive outcome. This term is often used in contexts related to education, health, and business to indicate that something is useful or advantageous. For example: This book is beneficial for students「この本は学生にとって有益です」(このほんはがくせいにとってゆうえきです). The meeting was beneficial for the company「その会議は会社にとって有益でした」(そのかいぎはかいしゃにとってゆうえきでした). It can also be used to describe actions or information that are helpful or valuable.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5777

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Alone, Independent

Reading

Kanji

単Simple, Single 独Alone

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '単独 (たんどく)' means 'alone' or 'independent'. It is used to describe something or someone that is acting or existing without assistance or accompaniment. This word can be applied to various contexts, such as actions, decisions, or states of being. For example: He went on a solo trip「彼は単独で旅行に行った」(かれはたんどくでりょこうにいった). The company operates independently「その会社は単独で運営されている」(そのかいしゃはたんどくでうんえいされている). Note that '単独' often carries a nuance of self-sufficiency or lack of external support.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5780

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Overcoming

Reading

Kanji

克Overcome 服Obey, Clothing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '克服 (こくふく)' means 'overcoming'. It refers to the act of conquering or successfully dealing with a difficulty, challenge, or obstacle. This word is often used in contexts related to personal struggles, such as overcoming fear, illness, or adversity. For example: overcoming fear「恐怖を克服する」(きょうふをこくふくする). She overcame her illness「彼女は病気を克服した」(かのじょはびょうきをこくふくした). The word carries a sense of triumph and achievement, emphasizing the effort and perseverance required to surmount a challenge.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5782

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Power

Reading

Kanji

電Electricity 源Origin, Source

Explanation

The Japanese noun '電源 (でんげん)' primarily means 'power' in the context of electricity or energy sources. It is commonly used to refer to the power supply of electronic devices, such as turning on or off the power. For example: Please turn off the power「電源を切ってください」(でんげんをきってください). The power went out「電源が落ちた」(でんげんがおちた). Additionally, it can refer to the power source itself, such as a battery or an outlet. For example: This device uses battery power「この装置は電池の電源を使う」(このそうちはでんちのでんげんをつかう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5785

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Brand

Reading

Kanji

銘Inscription 柄Design, Handle

Explanation

The Japanese noun '銘柄 (めいがら)' refers to a brand, particularly in the context of products, goods, or stocks. It is often used to specify a particular brand name or type of product. For example: This brand of coffee is popular「この銘柄のコーヒーは人気です」(このめいがらのコーヒーはにんきです). I bought a new brand of wine「新しい銘柄のワインを買いました」(あたらしいめいがらのワインをかいました). In financial contexts, it can also refer to a specific stock or security, as in: This stock is performing well「この銘柄は好調です」(このめいがらはこうちょうです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5786

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tail

Reading

Kanji

尾End, Tail

Explanation

The Japanese noun '尾 (お)' means 'tail'. This word is used to refer to the tail of an animal, such as a cat, dog, or bird. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the end or trailing part of something. For example: the cat's tail is long「猫の尾は長い」(ねこのおはながい). The comet has a bright tail「彗星は明るい尾を持っている」(すいせいはあかるいおをもっている). In some contexts, it can also refer to the tail end of a story or event, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5794

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Asceticism

Reading

Kanji

修Discipline 道Way

Explanation

The Japanese noun '修道 (しゅうどう)' refers to the practice of asceticism or spiritual training, often in the context of religious or philosophical disciplines. It involves rigorous self-discipline and self-denial to achieve spiritual growth or enlightenment. This term is commonly associated with practices in Buddhism, Shinto, or other spiritual paths. Example sentences: He devoted his life to asceticism「彼は修道に人生を捧げた」(かれはしゅうどうにじんせいをささげた). The monk's asceticism was admirable「その僧の修道は立派だった」(そのそうのしゅうどうはりっぱだった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5795

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Request

Reading

Kanji

要Important, Need 請Request

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '要請 (ようせい)' means 'request' or 'appeal'. It is used to describe a formal or earnest request, often made in a serious or urgent context. This word is commonly used in situations where someone is asking for help, support, or action from another party, such as in business, politics, or emergencies. For example: The government made a request for cooperation「政府は協力を要請した」(せいふはきょうりょくをようせいした). The company requested additional funding「会社は追加資金を要請した」(かいしゃはついかしきんをようせいした). Note that '要請' carries a tone of formality and urgency, distinguishing it from more casual requests like '頼む (たのむ)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5796

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Matter, News

Reading

Kanji

沙Sand 汰Select

Explanation

The Japanese noun '沙汰 (さた)' can mean 'matter' or 'news', depending on the context. It is often used to refer to an event, incident, or piece of information that is noteworthy or requires attention. For example: I heard about the matter「その沙汰を聞いた」(そのさたをきいた). There's no news from him「彼からの沙汰がない」(かれからのさたがない). The word can also imply something that is being discussed or judged, as in '世間の沙汰 (せけんのさた) (public judgment)'. It is a somewhat formal or old-fashioned term, often used in written or formal spoken contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5797

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hint

Reading

Kanji

示Show, Indicate 唆Entice, Instigate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '示唆 (しさ)' means 'hint' or 'suggestion'. It refers to an indirect indication or clue that implies something without stating it explicitly. This word is often used in formal or intellectual contexts, such as academic discussions, literature, or professional advice. For example: The professor gave a hint about the exam questions「教授は試験問題について示唆を与えた」(きょうじゅはしけんもんだいについてしさをあたえた). Her words contained a subtle suggestion「彼女の言葉には微妙な示唆が含まれていた」(かのじょのことばにはびみょうなしさがふくまれていた). Note that '示唆' is more formal than other words like 'ヒント' (hint) or '暗示' (あんじ, implication), and it often carries a nuanced or sophisticated tone.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5798

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mystery

Reading

Kanji

神God 秘Secret

Explanation

The Japanese noun '神秘 (しんぴ)' means 'mystery' or 'something mysterious'. It is often used to describe phenomena, events, or concepts that are beyond human understanding or have an aura of wonder. This word carries a sense of awe and reverence, often associated with the supernatural, spiritual, or unexplainable. For example: the mystery of the universe「宇宙の神秘」(うちゅうのしんぴ). The beauty of nature holds a deep mystery「自然の美しさには深い神秘がある」(しぜんのうつくしさにはふかいしんぴがある). It is commonly used in both everyday and literary contexts to evoke a sense of wonder or intrigue.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5799

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Abstraction

Reading

Kanji

抽Pluck, Extract 象Elephant, Phenomenon

Explanation

The Japanese noun '抽象 (ちゅうしょう)' refers to the concept of 'abstraction'. It is used to describe something that is not concrete or tangible, often referring to ideas, concepts, or art that do not represent physical objects directly. For example: This painting is an abstraction「この絵は抽象です」(このえはちゅうしょうです). The concept of love is an abstraction「愛の概念は抽象です」(あいのがいねんはちゅうしょうです). In art, '抽象' often refers to abstract art, which does not attempt to represent external reality but seeks to achieve its effect using shapes, forms, colors, and textures.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5800

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Various

Reading

Kanji

彼Third person pronoun, He 是Right, Absolutely

Explanation

The Japanese noun '彼是 (あれこれ)' means 'various' or 'this and that'. It is used to refer to a variety of things or matters in a non-specific way. This word is often used when discussing multiple topics, items, or tasks without going into detail about each one. For example: I have various things to do today「今日は彼是やることがある」(きょうはあれこれやることがある). She talked about various things「彼女は彼是話した」(かのじょはあれこれはなした). The word can also imply a sense of being overwhelmed by the number of things or tasks, as in '彼是忙しい (あれこれいそがしい) (busy with various things)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5807

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Announcement

Reading

Kanji

披Unfold, Expose 露Dew, Expose

Explanation

The Japanese noun '披露 (ひろう)' refers to an announcement or a public declaration, often used in formal contexts. It is commonly associated with events where something is revealed or presented to the public, such as a wedding announcement or the unveiling of a new project. For example: The couple made their wedding announcement「カップルは結婚を披露した」(かっぷるはけっこんをひろうした). The company unveiled its new product「会社は新製品を披露した」(かいしゃはしんせいひんをひろうした). This word carries a sense of formality and is often used in ceremonial or official settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5812

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plum

Reading

Kanji

梅Apricot, Plum

Explanation

The Japanese noun '梅 (うめ)' refers to the plum fruit or the plum tree. It is commonly associated with Japanese culture, particularly in the context of ume blossoms, which are celebrated in early spring. The fruit is often used to make umeboshi (pickled plums) and ume liqueur. Example sentences: The plum blossoms are beautiful「梅の花がきれいです」(うめのはながきれいです). I ate a pickled plum「梅干しを食べました」(うめぼしをたべました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5824

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Class

Reading

Kanji

学Learn 級Grade, Rank

Explanation

The Japanese noun '学級 (がっきゅう)' refers to a 'class' in the context of a group of students in a school. It specifically denotes a group of students who are taught together, often within the same grade or subject. This term is commonly used in educational settings to describe the organizational structure of students. For example: The class is quiet「学級は静かです」(がっきゅうはしずかです). I am the teacher of this class「私はこの学級の先生です」(わたしはこのがっきゅうのせんせいです). The term emphasizes the collective group of students rather than the physical classroom itself.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5826

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Restraint, Detention

Reading

Kanji

拘Arrest 束Bundle, Bind

Explanation

The Japanese noun '拘束 (こうそく)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'restraint', referring to the act of limiting or controlling someone or something. The second is 'detention', referring to the act of holding someone in custody, often by legal authorities. For example: The police imposed restraint on the suspect「警察は容疑者に拘束を加えた」(けいさつはようぎしゃにこうそくをくわえた). The suspect is under detention「容疑者は拘束されている」(ようぎしゃはこうそくされている). The word is often used in legal or formal contexts and carries a serious tone.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5835

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Witness

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 撃Beat, Strike

Explanation

The Japanese noun '目撃 (もくげき)' means 'witness' or 'eyewitness'. It refers to the act of seeing an event, typically something significant or unusual, with one's own eyes. This word is often used in contexts involving accidents, crimes, or other notable incidents. For example: I witnessed the accident「私はその事故を目撃した」(わたしはそのじこをもくげきした). The police are looking for witnesses「警察は目撃者を探している」(けいさつはもくげきしゃをさがしている). The nuance of '目撃' emphasizes the direct observation of an event, making it a key term in legal or investigative contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5859

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deal, Handle

Reading

Kanji

取Take 扱Handle

Explanation

The Japanese verb '取り扱う (とりあつかう)' primarily means 'to handle' or 'to deal with'. It is used to describe the act of managing, treating, or dealing with something, whether it be physical objects, situations, or abstract concepts. For example: This store handles imported goods「この店は輸入品を取り扱う」(このみせはゆにゅうひんをとりあつかう). The lawyer deals with difficult cases「その弁護士は難しい事件を取り扱う」(そのべんごしはむずかしいじけんをとりあつかう). The verb can also imply a sense of responsibility or care in how something is managed, such as in '取り扱い注意 (とりあつかいちゅうい)' (handle with care).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5860

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dissection

Reading

Kanji

解Solve, Untie 剖Divide, Cut up

Explanation

The Japanese noun '解剖 (かいぼう)' primarily means 'dissection'. It refers to the act of cutting apart or separating tissues for detailed examination, often used in medical or biological contexts. For example: The dissection of the frog was conducted in the biology class「生物学の授業でカエルの解剖が行われた」(せいぶつがくのじゅぎょうでカエルのかいぼうがおこなわれた). The doctor performed a dissection to understand the cause of death「医師は死因を理解するために解剖を行った」(いしはしいんをりかいするためにかいぼうをおこなった). This term can also metaphorically describe a thorough analysis or examination of a subject, such as in literature or philosophy, where one might dissect an argument or a text to understand its components deeply.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5866

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fraud

Reading

Kanji

詐Lie, Swindle 欺Deceit, Deceive

Explanation

The Japanese noun '詐欺 (さぎ)' means 'fraud'. It refers to the act of deceiving someone for personal gain, often involving money or property. This word is commonly used in legal, financial, and everyday contexts to describe scams, swindles, or dishonest schemes. For example: He was arrested for fraud「彼は詐欺で逮捕された」(かれはさぎでたいほされた). This is a classic case of fraud「これは典型的な詐欺です」(これはてんけいてきなさぎです). The term can also be used in compound words, such as '詐欺師 (さぎし)' (fraudster or con artist).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5867

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Duty

Reading

Kanji

義Righteousness

Explanation

The Japanese noun '義 (ぎ)' primarily means 'duty' or 'moral obligation'. It is often used in contexts related to ethics, justice, or righteousness. This word can also refer to a sense of loyalty or a moral principle that one feels compelled to follow. For example: He fulfilled his duty「彼は義を果たした」(かれはぎをはたした). Justice is important「義は大切だ」(ぎはたいせつだ). The concept of '義' is deeply rooted in Japanese culture and is often associated with samurai ethics and Confucian values.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5874

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beast

Reading

Kanji

獣Beast, Animal

Explanation

The Japanese noun '獣 (けもの)' refers to a 'beast' or 'wild animal'. It is often used to describe animals that are untamed, dangerous, or live in the wild. This word carries a slightly negative or primal connotation, emphasizing the wild and untamed nature of the animal. For example: The forest is full of beasts「森には獣がたくさんいる」(もりにはけものがたくさんいる). He fought like a beast「彼は獣のように戦った」(かれはけもののようにたたかった). Note that this word is distinct from more neutral terms like '動物 (どうぶつ)' (animal), as it specifically highlights the wild or untamed aspect.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5876

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mischief, Prank

Reading

Kanji

悪Evil 戯Play, Frolic

Explanation

The Japanese noun '悪戯 (いたずら)' can mean 'mischief' or 'prank'. It refers to playful or harmless actions intended to cause amusement or minor trouble. It can also imply a sense of naughtiness or teasing. For example: The child's mischief made everyone laugh「子供の悪戯がみんなを笑わせた」(こどものいたずらがみんなをわらわせた). He played a prank on his friend「彼は友達に悪戯をした」(かれはともだちにいたずらをした). The word can sometimes carry a slightly negative connotation depending on the context, but it generally describes lighthearted behavior.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5879

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inheritance

Reading

Kanji

継Succeed, Inherit 承Consent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '継承 (けいしょう)' primarily means 'inheritance'. It refers to the act of receiving or taking over something, such as property, rights, responsibilities, or traditions, from a predecessor. This term is commonly used in legal, cultural, and familial contexts. For example: He received the inheritance from his father「彼は父親から継承を受けた」(かれはちちおやからけいしょうをうけた). The company is focused on the inheritance of traditional craftsmanship「その会社は伝統工芸の継承に力を入れている」(そのかいしゃはでんとうこうげいのけいしょうにちからをいれている). In a broader sense, '継承' can also imply the continuation or preservation of ideas, values, or practices across generations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5887

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

City

Reading

Kanji

市City, Market 街Street, Boulevard

Explanation

The Japanese noun '市街 (しがい)' refers to the urban or city area, typically the built-up part of a city with streets, buildings, and infrastructure. It is often used to describe the central or commercial district of a city. For example: The city is bustling with activity「市街は活気で溢れている」(しがいわかっきであふれている). We walked through the city at night「私たちは夜に市街を歩いた」(わたしたちはよるにしがいをあるいた). This term is commonly used in contexts related to urban planning, geography, or everyday descriptions of city life.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5889

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clause, Article

Reading

Kanji

条Clause 項Clause, Paragraph

Explanation

The Japanese noun '条項 (じょうこう)' refers to a specific clause or article within a document, contract, law, or agreement. It is commonly used in legal or formal contexts to denote a distinct provision or stipulation. For example: Please review clause 5 of the contract「契約の第5条項を確認してください」(けいやくのだいごじょうこうをかくにんしてください). This article is important「この条項は重要です」(このじょうこうはじゅうようです). The word is often used in discussions about legal documents, treaties, or regulations, where precision and clarity are essential.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5891

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Container

Reading

Kanji

容Contain, Looks 器Vessel

Explanation

The Japanese noun '容器 (ようき)' refers to a 'container', which is an object used to hold or store something. This term is broadly applicable to various types of containers, including bottles, boxes, jars, and other receptacles. For example: Please put the leftovers in a container「残り物を容器に入れてください」(のこりものをようきにいれてください). This container is made of glass「この容器はガラス製です」(このようきはガラスせいです). The word is neutral and can be used in both everyday and technical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5905

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ego

Reading

Kanji

自Self 我Self, Ego

Explanation

The Japanese noun '自我 (じが)' refers to the concept of 'ego' or 'self'. It is used in psychological and philosophical contexts to describe one's sense of self or individuality. For example: He has a strong ego「彼は自我が強い」(かれはじががつよい). The concept of ego is important in psychology「自我の概念は心理学で重要です」(じがのがいねんはしんりがくでじゅうようです). This term is often used in discussions about self-awareness, identity, and personal development.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5926

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dormitory

Reading

Kanji

寮Dormitory

Explanation

The Japanese noun '寮 (りょう)' refers to a dormitory or a lodging facility, typically used by students, employees, or members of an organization. It is commonly associated with shared living spaces provided by schools, companies, or institutions. For example: I live in a dormitory「私は寮に住んでいます」(わたしはりょうにすんでいます). The company dormitory is nearby「会社の寮は近くです」(かいしゃのりょうはちかくです). This word is often used in contexts involving communal living arrangements.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5944

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Paradise

Reading

Kanji

浄Clean 土Soil

Explanation

The Japanese noun '浄土 (じょうど)' refers to 'paradise' or 'pure land', particularly in the context of Buddhism. It signifies a realm of purity and bliss, often associated with the afterlife or a spiritual destination free from suffering. This term is deeply rooted in Buddhist teachings and is frequently used in religious or philosophical discussions. For example: He wishes to be reborn in the Pure Land「彼は浄土に生まれ変わりたいと願っている」(かれはじょうどにうまれかわりたいとねがっている). The Pure Land is a place of eternal peace「浄土は永遠の平和の場所です」(じょうどはえいえんのへいわのばしょです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5954

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dye

Reading

Kanji

染Dye

Explanation

The Japanese verb '染める (そめる)' means 'to dye'. It is used to describe the action of coloring or staining something, such as fabric, hair, or other materials. This verb is often used in contexts related to fashion, art, or personal grooming. For example: She dyed her hair red「彼女は髪を赤く染めた」(かのじょはかみをあかくそめた). I dyed the fabric blue「布を青く染めた」(ぬのをあおくそめた). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe something being deeply influenced or imbued with a particular quality, such as 'the sky was dyed with the colors of sunset'「空が夕焼けの色に染まった」(そらがゆうやけのいろにそまった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5956

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Motivation

Reading

Kanji

遣Use, Dispatch 気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '遣る気 (やるき)' means 'motivation' or 'willingness to do something'. It is often used to describe one's drive or enthusiasm to take action or complete a task. This word is commonly used in contexts related to work, studies, or personal goals. For example: I have no motivation today「今日は遣る気がない」(きょうはやるきがない). His motivation is impressive「彼の遣る気はすごい」(かれのやるきはすごい). The word can also be used in negative forms to express a lack of motivation, such as '遣る気が出ない (やるきがでない)' (I can't find the motivation).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5962

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inherit, Takeover

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 継Succeed, Inherit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引き継ぐ (ひきつぐ)' primarily means 'to inherit' or 'to take over'. It is used when someone takes over a role, responsibility, or tradition from someone else. This verb often implies a sense of continuity and responsibility. For example: he inherited his father's business「彼は父親の事業を引き継いだ」(かれはちちおやのじぎょうをひきついだ). She took over the project from her colleague「彼女は同僚からプロジェクトを引き継いだ」(かのじょはどうりょうからプロジェクトをひきついだ). The verb can also be used in contexts where traditions or customs are passed down through generations, such as inheriting family traditions「家族の伝統を引き継ぐ」(かぞくのでんとうをひきつぐ).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5964

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Collection

Reading

Kanji

徴Levy, Symptom 収Obtain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '徴収 (ちょうしゅう)' refers to the act of collecting something, typically fees, taxes, or dues, often in an official or mandatory capacity. It is commonly used in contexts involving government or organizational procedures. For example: The government collects taxes「政府は税金を徴収する」(せいふはぜいきんをちょうしゅうする). The company collects membership fees「会社は会費を徴収する」(かいしゃはかいひをちょうしゅうする). This term is formal and is often used in administrative or legal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5973

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Vast, Enormous

Reading

Kanji

膨Swell 大Big

Explanation

The Japanese noun '膨大 (ぼうだい)' refers to something that is extremely large in quantity, size, or scope. It is often used to describe things like data, amounts, or tasks that are overwhelming due to their sheer volume. For example: The amount of data is enormous「データの量は膨大だ」(データのりょうはぼうだいだ). The project requires a vast amount of resources「そのプロジェクトには膨大な資源が必要だ」(そのプロジェクトにはぼうだいなしげんがひつようだ). Note that '膨大' is typically used in formal or written contexts and carries a nuance of something being overwhelmingly large.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5974

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Guy, Jerk

Reading

Kanji

野Field 郎Young man, Guy

Explanation

The Japanese noun '野郎 (やろう)' has two distinct meanings depending on the context. The first meaning is a casual or informal way to refer to a 'guy' or 'dude', often used among friends or in a neutral tone. For example: That guy is my friend「あの野郎は友達だ」(あのやろうはともだちだ). The second meaning is more derogatory, referring to someone as a 'jerk' or 'idiot', often used when expressing frustration or anger. For example: That jerk ruined everything「あの野郎が全部台無しにした」(あのやろうがぜんぶだいなしにした). The tone and context are crucial in determining which meaning is intended, as the word can range from neutral to highly offensive.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5975

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Source

Reading

Kanji

源Origin, Source 泉Spring, Fountain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '源泉 (げんせん)' refers to the 'source' or 'origin' of something, often used in both literal and figurative contexts. It can describe the source of a river, the origin of an idea, or the root cause of a phenomenon. For example: the source of the river is in the mountains「川の源泉は山にある」(かわのげんせんはやまにある). The source of his inspiration is nature「彼のインスピレーションの源泉は自然だ」(かれのインスピレーションのげんせんはしぜんだ). This word is commonly used in formal or literary contexts to emphasize the fundamental origin of something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5986

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beach

Reading

Kanji

浜Beach

Explanation

The Japanese noun '浜 (はま)' refers to a 'beach' or 'seashore'. It is commonly used to describe the sandy or pebbly area along the edge of a body of water, typically the ocean. This word is often used in contexts related to nature, travel, or leisure activities. For example: Let's go to the beach「浜に行きましょう」(はまにいきましょう). The beach is beautiful「浜はきれいです」(はまはきれいです). It can also be part of place names, such as '横浜 (よこはま)' (Yokohama), a major city in Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5989

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ecology

Reading

Kanji

生Life 態Appearance, Condition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '生態 (せいたい)' refers to 'ecology' or the way of life of living organisms, including their habits, behaviors, and interactions with their environment. It is often used in scientific or environmental contexts to describe the natural systems and processes of living beings. For example: The ecology of this region is diverse「この地域の生態は多様だ」(このちいきのせいたいはたようだ). We are studying the ecology of marine life「私たちは海洋生物の生態を研究している」(わたしたちはかいようせいぶつのせいたいをけんきゅうしている). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe the 'lifestyle' or 'way of life' of humans or groups, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6003

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Abuse

Reading

Kanji

虐Cruel, Oppress 待Wait

Explanation

The Japanese noun '虐待 (ぎゃくたい)' refers to 'abuse', particularly in the context of mistreatment or cruelty towards someone or something. This word is often used to describe physical, emotional, or psychological abuse, as well as neglect. It can apply to humans, animals, or even objects in some contexts. For example: child abuse is a serious issue「児童虐待は深刻な問題です」(じどうぎゃくたいはしんこくなもんだいです). Animal abuse is illegal「動物虐待は違法です」(どうぶつぎゃくたいはいほうです). The term carries a strong negative connotation and is used in legal, social, and ethical discussions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6012

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Federation

Reading

Kanji

合Fit, Match 衆Multitude

Explanation

The Japanese noun '合衆 (がっしゅう)' refers to a 'federation' or a union of states or groups. It is often used in the context of political or organizational structures where multiple entities come together under a unified system. For example, the United States is referred to as 'アメリカ合衆国 (あめりかがっしゅうこく)' in Japanese, which literally translates to 'United States of America'. Another example: The federation decided to implement new policies「合衆は新しい政策を実施することに決めた」(がっしゅうはあたらしいせいさくをじっしすることにきめた). This term is formal and is typically used in political or historical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6030

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sale

Reading

Kanji

売Sell 却Instead, Eliminate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '売却 (ばいきゃく)' refers to the act of selling or disposing of something, often used in formal or business contexts. It typically implies a deliberate and often large-scale sale, such as selling property, assets, or stocks. For example: The company decided on the sale of its assets「会社は資産の売却を決めた」(かいしゃはしさんのばいきゃくをきめた). He completed the sale of his house「彼は家の売却を完了した」(かれはいえのばいきゃくをかんりょうした). This term is commonly used in legal, financial, or real estate contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6032

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hide

Reading

Kanji

潜Lurk, Submerge

Explanation

The Japanese verb '潜める (ひそめる)' means 'to hide' or 'to conceal'. It is often used to describe the act of hiding something physically or emotionally, such as hiding one's feelings or intentions. For example: she hid her anger「彼女は怒りを潜めた」(かのじょはいかりをひそめた). He concealed his presence「彼は姿を潜めた」(かれはすがたをひそめた). This verb can also imply a sense of secrecy or stealth, as in hiding something to avoid detection.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6034

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Devil

Reading

Kanji

悪Evil 魔Witch, Demon

Explanation

The Japanese noun '悪魔 (あくま)' means 'devil' or 'demon'. It refers to an evil supernatural being, often associated with malevolence, temptation, or destruction in religious or mythological contexts. This word is commonly used in literature, folklore, and religious discussions. For example: The devil tempted him「悪魔が彼を誘惑した」(あくまがかれをゆうわくした). She believes in demons「彼女は悪魔を信じている」(かのじょはあくまをしんじている). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe someone with evil intentions or actions, as in 'He is a devil in disguise'「彼は悪魔のような人だ」(かれはあくまのようなひとだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6038

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Difference

Reading

Kanji

差Difference 異Rare, Different

Explanation

The Japanese noun '差異 (さい)' means 'difference'. It refers to a distinction or discrepancy between two or more things. This word is often used in formal or technical contexts to describe variations, gaps, or disparities. For example: there is a difference in opinion「意見に差異がある」(いけんにさいがある). The difference between the two products is clear「二つの製品の差異は明らかだ」(ふたつのせいひんのさいはあきらかだ). Note that '差異' is more formal than other words like '違い (ちがい)', which is more commonly used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6039

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gaze

Reading

Kanji

眼Eyeball 差Difference

Explanation

The Japanese noun '眼差し (まなざし)' refers to the way someone looks at something or someone, often implying a certain emotion or intention behind the gaze. It can convey feelings such as affection, scrutiny, or intensity. For example: her gaze was full of love「彼女の眼差しは愛に満ちていた」(かのじょのまなざしはあいにみちていた). His gaze was sharp and piercing「彼の眼差しは鋭くて貫くようだった」(かれのまなざしはするどくてつらぬくようだった). This word is often used in literary or poetic contexts to describe the depth or quality of someone's look.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6041

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soybean

Reading

Kanji

大Big 豆Beans

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大豆 (だいず)' refers to 'soybean', a type of legume widely used in Japanese cuisine. Soybeans are a staple ingredient in many traditional dishes, such as tofu, miso, and soy sauce. They are also consumed in their whole form, often boiled or roasted. For example: I bought soybeans at the market「市場で大豆を買いました」(いちばでだいずをかいました). Soybeans are rich in protein「大豆はタンパク質が豊富です」(だいずはタンパクしつがほうふです). The word '大豆' is commonly used in both everyday conversation and cooking contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6048

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Appraisal

Reading

Kanji

鑑Consider, Model 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '鑑定 (かんてい)' refers to the act of appraising, evaluating, or authenticating something, often in a professional or expert capacity. It is commonly used in contexts such as art, antiques, jewelry, or property valuation. For example: The expert gave an appraisal of the painting「専門家がその絵の鑑定をした」(せんもんかがそのえのかんていをした). We need an appraisal for the antique vase「この骨董品の花瓶の鑑定が必要です」(このこっとうひんのかびんのかんていがひつようです). The word can also imply a formal or official assessment, such as in legal or medical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6057

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Return, Restoration

Reading

Kanji

返Return 還Return, Send back

Explanation

The Japanese noun '返還 (へんかん)' refers to the act of returning or restoring something to its original owner or place. It is often used in formal or legal contexts, such as the return of territory, property, or rights. For example: The return of the land to its original owner「土地の返還が行われた」(とちのへんかんがおこなわれた). The restoration of cultural artifacts to their country of origin「文化財の返還が決定した」(ぶんかざいのへんかんがけっていした). This term carries a formal tone and is commonly used in diplomatic, legal, or historical discussions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6062

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Digression, Derailment

Reading

Kanji

脱Remove, Undress 線Line

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '脱線 (だっせん)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'derailment', referring to a train or vehicle going off its tracks. For example: The train derailed「電車が脱線した」(でんしゃがだっせんした). The second meaning is 'digression', referring to a conversation or discussion straying from the main topic. For example: The meeting went off topic「会議が脱線した」(かいぎがだっせんした). It's important to note that the context will determine which meaning is intended, as both are commonly used in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6064

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chrysanthemum

Reading

Kanji

菊Chrysanthemum

Explanation

The Japanese noun '菊 (きく)' refers to the chrysanthemum flower. This flower holds significant cultural importance in Japan, symbolizing longevity and rejuvenation. It is also the emblem of the Imperial Family and is prominently featured during the Chrysanthemum Festival (菊の節句, きくのせっく) in autumn. Example sentences include: The chrysanthemum is beautiful「菊がきれいです」(きくがきれいです). I saw a chrysanthemum at the garden「庭で菊を見ました」(にわできくをみました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6074

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dew

Reading

Kanji

露Dew, Expose

Explanation

The Japanese noun '露 (つゆ)' primarily means 'dew', referring to the tiny drops of water that form on surfaces, especially in the early morning. It is often used in poetic or descriptive contexts to evoke imagery of nature. For example: The dew on the grass sparkles in the morning light「草の露が朝の光に輝いている」(くさのつゆがあさのひかりにかがやいている). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something fleeting or transient, like the ephemeral nature of dew itself. Additionally, '露 (つゆ)' can sometimes refer to 'sauce' or 'broth' in culinary contexts, but this usage is less common and typically specified by context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6076

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Serialization

Reading

Kanji

連Take along 載Load, Publish

Explanation

The Japanese noun '連載 (れんさい)' refers to the serialization of content, such as a story, article, or manga, published in installments over a period of time. It is commonly used in the context of magazines, newspapers, or online platforms where a work is released in parts rather than all at once. For example: This manga is serialized in a weekly magazine「この漫画は週刊誌に連載されている」(このまんがはしゅうかんしにれんさいされている). The novel will start serialization next month「その小説は来月から連載が始まる」(そのしょうせつはらいげつかられんさいがはじまる).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6079

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Praise

Reading

Kanji

称Appellation

Explanation

The Japanese verb '称える (たたえる)' means 'to praise' or 'to extol'. It is used to express admiration or high regard for someone's achievements, qualities, or actions. This verb often carries a formal or respectful tone and is commonly used in contexts such as ceremonies, speeches, or written commendations. For example: The teacher praised the student's hard work「先生は生徒の努力を称えた」(せんせいはせいとのどりょくをたたえた). The nation praised the hero's bravery「国は英雄の勇気を称えた」(くにはえいゆうのゆうきをたたえた). Note that '称える' can also imply a sense of honoring or celebrating someone's contributions.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6081

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Skillful

Reading

Kanji

巧Skill, Adept

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '巧み (たくみ)' means 'skillful'. It describes someone or something that is adept, clever, or masterful in performing a task or creating something. It often carries a nuance of artistry or finesse. For example: His skillful speech moved the audience「彼の巧みなスピーチは聴衆を感動させた」(かれのたくみなすぴーちはちょうしゅうをかんどうさせた). The artist's skillful brushwork is amazing「その画家の巧みな筆遣いは素晴らしい」(そのがかのたくみなふでづかいはすばらしい). This word is often used to describe craftsmanship, strategy, or performance.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6088

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clinical

Reading

Kanji

臨Face, Confront 床Bed, Floor

Explanation

The Japanese noun '臨床 (りんしょう)' refers to the practical application of medical knowledge, particularly in a clinical setting. It is often used in contexts related to medicine, healthcare, and research. For example: clinical research「臨床研究」(りんしょうけんきゅう). He works in clinical medicine「彼は臨床医学に従事している」(かれはりんしょういがくにじゅうじしている). The term emphasizes the direct observation and treatment of patients, as opposed to theoretical or laboratory-based work.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6092

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Breast

Reading

Kanji

乳Breasts, Milk 房Tassel, Chamber

Explanation

The Japanese noun '乳房 (ちぶさ)' refers to the 'breast' of a person or animal. It is a somewhat formal or literary term and is less commonly used in everyday conversation compared to '胸 (むね)' or 'おっぱい'. The word can be used in both medical and poetic contexts. For example: The mother fed her baby with her breast「母親は乳房で赤ちゃんに授乳した」(ははおやはちぶさであかちゃんにじゅにゅうした). The sculpture depicted a woman with exposed breasts「その彫刻は乳房を露わにした女性を描いていた」(そのちょうこくはちぶさをあらわにしたじょせいをえがいていた). Note that this term is neutral in tone but may carry a more serious or clinical nuance depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6098

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gun

Reading

Kanji

鉄Iron 砲Gun, Cannon

Explanation

The Japanese noun '鉄砲 (てっぽう)' refers to a 'gun' or 'firearm'. Historically, it specifically refers to matchlock guns introduced to Japan in the 16th century. In modern usage, it broadly refers to firearms. Example sentences: He bought a gun「彼は鉄砲を買った」(かれはてっぽうをかった). The samurai used guns「侍は鉄砲を使った」(さむらいはてっぽうをつかった). Note that this word is often associated with historical or traditional contexts, though it can also be used in modern settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6099

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recovery, Revival

Reading

Kanji

復Restore 興Interest, Entertain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '復興 (ふっこう)' refers to the act of recovering or reviving something, often after a period of decline or destruction. It is commonly used in contexts such as economic recovery, reconstruction after disasters, or cultural revival. For example: The town is in recovery after the earthquake「その町は地震の後、復興中です」(そのまちはじしんのあと、ふっこうちゅうです). The revival of traditional arts is important「伝統芸術の復興は重要です」(でんとうげいじゅつのふっこうはじゅうようです). Note that while 'recovery' and 'revival' are closely related, they can apply to different contexts, such as physical reconstruction versus cultural or economic resurgence.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6100

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exchange

Reading

Kanji

為Do, Sake 替Replace, Exchange

Explanation

The Japanese noun '為替 (かわせ)' refers to 'exchange', particularly in the context of financial transactions. It is commonly used to describe the exchange of money, such as foreign exchange or money transfers. For example: I need to exchange dollars for yen「ドルを円に為替する必要がある」(ドルをえんにかわせするひつようがある). The bank handles international money transfers「その銀行は国際為替を扱っている」(そのぎんこうはこくさいかわせをあつかっている). This term is often used in financial and banking contexts, and it can also refer to bills of exchange or promissory notes in business transactions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6111

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Emergency

Reading

Kanji

救Rescue 急Urgent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '救急 (きゅうきゅう)' refers to 'emergency' or 'urgent medical care'. It is commonly used in contexts related to medical emergencies or urgent situations requiring immediate attention. For example: call an ambulance in case of emergency「救急の場合は救急車を呼んでください」(きゅうきゅうのばあいはきゅうきゅうしゃをよんでください). The emergency room is on the first floor「救急室は一階にあります」(きゅうきゅうしつはいっかいにあります). This term is often seen in phrases like '救急車 (きゅうきゅうしゃ)' (ambulance) or '救急医療 (きゅうきゅういりょう)' (emergency medical care).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6112

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Death penalty

Reading

Kanji

死Death 刑Punish

Explanation

The Japanese noun '死刑 (しけい)' refers to the 'death penalty' or 'capital punishment'. It is a legal term used to describe the sentence of execution for a crime, typically for severe offenses like murder. This word is often used in legal, political, or ethical discussions. For example: The criminal received the death penalty「その犯罪者は死刑を宣告された」(そのはんざいしゃはしけいをせんこくされた). Some countries have abolished the death penalty「いくつかの国は死刑を廃止した」(いくつかのくにはしけいをはいしした). The word carries a heavy and serious connotation, as it involves the ultimate punishment.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6113

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Encourage

Reading

Kanji

励Strive, Encourage

Explanation

The Japanese verb '励ます (はげます)' means 'to encourage'. It is used when someone is trying to cheer up or motivate another person, often in situations where the person is feeling down or facing difficulties. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as encouraging a friend, a colleague, or even oneself. For example: I encouraged my friend to keep trying「友達を励まして続けるように言った」(ともだちをはげましてつづけるようにいった). The teacher encouraged the students before the exam「先生は試験前に生徒を励ました」(せんせいはしけんまえにせいとをはげました). It's important to note that this verb often implies emotional support and motivation, rather than just giving advice or instructions.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6121

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gentleman

Reading

Kanji

紳Belt, Gentleman 士Samurai

Explanation

The Japanese noun '紳士 (しんし)' refers to a 'gentleman'. This term is used to describe a man who is polite, well-mannered, and refined, often adhering to traditional standards of behavior and appearance. It is commonly used in formal contexts, such as in the names of establishments (e.g., '紳士服 (しんしふく)' meaning 'men's clothing') or to address a group of men respectfully. For example: The gentleman is waiting「紳士が待っています」(しんしがまっています). This is a gentlemen's club「ここは紳士のクラブです」(ここはしんしのクラブです). The word carries a connotation of sophistication and respectability.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6139

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Block

Reading

Kanji

丁Street

Explanation

The Japanese noun '丁 (てい)' refers to a 'block' or 'district' in a city or town. It is commonly used in addresses to specify a particular area or section within a larger administrative division. For example: I live in block 3「私は3丁に住んでいます」(わたしは3ちょうにすんでいます). The store is in block 5「その店は5丁にあります」(そのみせは5ちょうにあります). This term is often seen in Japanese addresses, where it helps to organize urban areas into manageable sections.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6140

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Trouble

Reading

Kanji

厄Misfortune, Unlucky 介Mediate, Jammed in

Explanation

The Japanese noun '厄介 (やっかい)' primarily means 'trouble' or 'bother'. It refers to something that is troublesome, inconvenient, or difficult to deal with. This word can be used to describe situations, tasks, or even people who are causing difficulty. For example: He is a troublesome person「彼は厄介な人だ」(かれはやっかいなひとだ). This problem is a real hassle「この問題は本当に厄介だ」(このもんだいはほんとうにやっかいだ). The word can also imply a sense of burden or responsibility, as in taking care of someone who is dependent on you.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6142

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hide

Reading

Kanji

潜Lurk, Submerge

Explanation

The Japanese verb '潜む (ひそむ)' means 'to hide' or 'to lurk'. It is often used to describe something or someone that is concealed or not easily visible, either physically or metaphorically. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as describing animals hiding in the wild, people hiding their emotions, or dangers lurking unseen. For example: A snake hides in the grass「蛇が草の中に潜む」(へびがくさのなかにひそむ). Suspicion lurks in his heart「疑いが彼の心に潜む」(うたがいがかれのこころにひそむ). The verb can also imply a sense of secrecy or something being hidden beneath the surface.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6143

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

First

Reading

Kanji

第Ordinal number 一One

Explanation

The Japanese noun '第一 (だいいち)' means 'first'. It is used to indicate the initial position in a sequence or the primary importance of something. This word can be used in various contexts, such as ranking, priority, or order. For example: This is my first time in Japan「これは私の第一の日本です」(これはわたしのだいいちのにほんです). The first priority is safety「第一の優先は安全です」(だいいちのゆうせんはあんぜんです). It can also be used in compound words like '第一印象 (だいいちいんしょう)' (first impression).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6146

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fist

Reading

Kanji

拳Fist

Explanation

The Japanese noun '拳 (こぶし)' refers to a 'fist', the hand when the fingers are tightly closed. It is commonly used in contexts related to physical actions, such as punching or holding something tightly. For example: he clenched his fist「彼は拳を握った」(かれはこぶしをにぎった). She hit the table with her fist「彼女は拳でテーブルを叩いた」(かのじょはこぶしでテーブルをたたいた). The word can also appear in idiomatic expressions or martial arts terminology, emphasizing strength or determination.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6155

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tie, Bond

Reading

Kanji

結Tie, Bind

Explanation

The Japanese noun '結び (むすび)' primarily means 'tie' or 'bond'. It refers to the act of tying something together or the connection between people or things. For example: the tie of friendship「友情の結び」(ゆうじょうのむすび). This word can also be used in the context of traditional Japanese culture, such as the '結び' in Shinto rituals, which symbolizes a spiritual bond. Another example: the knot in the rope is tight「ロープの結びは固い」(ロープのむすびはかたい). Note that '結び' can also refer to the end or conclusion of something, such as the final part of a story or event.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6159

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Result

Reading

Kanji

挙Raise 句Phrase, Paragraph

Explanation

The Japanese noun '挙げ句 (あげく)' refers to the final outcome or result of a situation, often implying that the result is negative or undesirable after a series of events. It is commonly used in the structure '～の挙げ句' to emphasize the culmination of a process. For example: After all that effort, he ended up failing「彼は努力の挙げ句、失敗した」(かれはどりょくのあげく、しっぱいした). After arguing for hours, they broke up「何時間も議論した挙げ句、彼らは別れた」(なんじかんもぎろんしたあげく、かれらはわかれた). This word carries a nuance of inevitability or resignation about the outcome.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6162

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Along

Reading

Kanji

沿Along

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '沿い (そい)' means 'along'. It is used to indicate that something is situated or moving alongside a particular path, route, or boundary. This suffix is often attached to nouns that represent linear features such as roads, rivers, or coastlines. For example: walking along the river「川沿いを歩く」(かわぞいをあるく). The hotel is along the coast「ホテルは海岸沿いにある」(ホテルはかいがんぞいにある). Note that '沿い' is typically used in combination with other nouns to form compound words that describe locations or directions relative to a linear feature.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6169

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Police inspector

Reading

Kanji

警Warn 視See, Look

Explanation

The Japanese noun '警視 (けいし)' refers to the police rank of 'inspector' in Japan. It is used to describe a rank within the Japanese Police hierarchy, specifically a rank above sergeant and below superintendent. Example: He is an inspector 「彼は警視です」 (かれはけいしです). The inspector arrived at the scene 「警視が現場に到着した」 (けいしがげんばにとうちゃくした). This term is used in official contexts and is not commonly used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6177

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ordinance

Reading

Kanji

条Clause 例Example

Explanation

The Japanese noun '条例 (じょうれい)' refers to a local ordinance or regulation enacted by a municipal or prefectural government. It is a legal term used to describe rules or laws that are specific to a particular region or locality, rather than national laws. For example: The city passed a new ordinance「市は新しい条例を可決した」(しはあたらしいじょうれいをかけつした). This ordinance prohibits smoking in public places「この条例は公共の場所での喫煙を禁止している」(このじょうれいはこうきょうのばしょでのきつえんをきんししている). The word is commonly used in legal, governmental, and administrative contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6179

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Latent

Reading

Kanji

潜Lurk, Submerge 在Be, Exist

Explanation

The Japanese noun '潜在 (せんざい)' refers to something that exists but is not yet visible, active, or realized. It is often used to describe potential, hidden qualities, or underlying conditions. For example: latent talent「潜在的な才能」(せんざいてきなさいのう). There is a latent demand for this product「この商品には潜在的な需要がある」(このしょうひんにはせんざいてきなじゅようがある). The term is commonly used in contexts like psychology, business, and science to describe something that is present but not yet apparent.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6181

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Creation, Fiction

Reading

Kanji

創Create 作Make

Explanation

The Japanese noun '創作 (そうさく)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'creation', referring to the act of creating something, such as art, literature, or other creative works. For example: This painting is my creation「この絵は私の創作です」(このえはわたしのそうさくです). The second meaning is 'fiction', referring to works of imaginative storytelling, such as novels or short stories. For example: I enjoy reading fiction「私は創作を読むのが好きです」(わたしはそうさくをよむのがすきです). The word is often used in contexts related to art, literature, and creative expression.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6182

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Depiction

Reading

Kanji

描Depict, Draw 写Copy, Photograph

Explanation

The Japanese noun '描写 (びょうしゃ)' means 'depiction'. It refers to the act of describing or portraying something in detail, often through words, art, or other forms of expression. This term is commonly used in contexts such as literature, art, and film to describe how something is represented. For example: The depiction of nature in this painting is beautiful「この絵の自然の描写は美しい」(このえのしぜんのびょうしゃはうつくしい). His novel is known for its vivid depiction of urban life「彼の小説は都市生活の鮮やかな描写で知られている」(かれのしょうせつはとしせいかつのあざやかなびょうしゃでしられている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6183

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Maturity

Reading

Kanji

成Become 熟Ripe, Mature

Explanation

The Japanese noun '成熟 (せいじゅく)' refers to the state of being fully developed or matured, whether physically, mentally, or emotionally. It can describe the maturity of a person, an idea, or even a market or industry. For example: The fruit has reached maturity「果物が成熟した」(くだものがせいじゅくした). His ideas show great maturity「彼の考えは成熟している」(かれのかんがえはせいじゅくしている). The market has matured「市場が成熟した」(しじょうがせいじゅくした). This word is often used in contexts where growth and development are emphasized, and it carries a positive connotation of completeness or readiness.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6189

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pluck, Pinch

Reading

Kanji

摘Pick, Pluck

Explanation

The Japanese verb '摘む (つまむ)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to pinch,' which refers to gripping something small between the thumb and fingers. For example: she pinched the leaf「彼女は葉を摘んだ」(かのじょははをつまんだ). The second meaning is 'to pluck,' which refers to picking or harvesting something, often used in the context of plants or flowers. For example: he plucked a flower「彼は花を摘んだ」(かれははなをつまんだ). The verb is commonly used in everyday situations, such as handling small objects or gathering produce. Note that the nuance of the action depends on the context, but it generally involves a precise, delicate action with the fingers.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6192

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Definition

Reading

Kanji

定Determine 義Righteousness

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '定義 (ていぎ)' means 'definition'. It refers to the precise explanation or description of the meaning, nature, or scope of something. This term is commonly used in academic, technical, and formal contexts to establish clarity or set boundaries. For example: The definition of this term is unclear「この用語の定義は不明確です」(このようごのていぎはふめいかくです). We need to define the scope of the project「プロジェクトの範囲を定義する必要があります」(プロジェクトのはんいをていぎするひつようがあります). Note that '定義' can also function as a verb when combined with 'する', as in '定義する (ていぎする)', meaning 'to define'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6194

Composition

kanji

Handwriting