Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Kanji JLPT Level

word

Meaning

Wisdom

Reading

Kanji

知Know 恵Favor, Bestow a favor

Explanation

The Japanese noun '知恵 (ちえ)' refers to 'wisdom' or 'intelligence'. It is used to describe the ability to make sound judgments and decisions based on knowledge, experience, and understanding. This word often carries a positive connotation, implying practical or insightful knowledge. For example: Wisdom comes with age「年を取ると知恵がつく」(としをとるとちえがつく). He used his wisdom to solve the problem「彼は知恵を使って問題を解決した」(かれはちえをつかってもんだいをかいけつした). The term can also be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '知恵を絞る (ちえをしぼる)', which means 'to rack one's brains'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1124

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Range

Reading

Kanji

範Model, Pattern 囲Surround

Explanation

The Japanese noun '範囲 (はんい)' means 'range'. It refers to the extent or scope of something, such as a physical area, a set of values, or a field of activity. This word is commonly used in both everyday and technical contexts. For example: the range of the mountains「山の範囲」(やまのはんい). The temperature range is wide「温度の範囲は広い」(おんどのはんいはひろい). It can also be used metaphorically, as in 'the range of his knowledge is impressive'「彼の知識の範囲はすごい」(かれのちしきのはんいはすごい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1146

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Disorder

Reading

Kanji

症Symptom

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '症 (しょう)' is used to denote a medical condition, disorder, or syndrome. It is commonly attached to words to specify a particular ailment or health issue. For example: anxiety disorder「不安症」(ふあんしょう). This suffix is often used in medical contexts and can be found in terms describing both physical and psychological conditions. Another example: obsessive-compulsive disorder「強迫症」(きょうはくしょう). It's important to note that '症' is not used alone but as part of a compound word to describe specific disorders.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1150

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

I, We

Reading

Kanji

我Self, Ego

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun '我 (われ)' is a formal or literary way to refer to oneself or a group. It can mean 'I' or 'we' depending on the context. This pronoun is often used in written language, speeches, or formal settings, and it carries a somewhat archaic or solemn tone. It is less commonly used in everyday conversation, where '私 (わたし)' or '僕 (ぼく)' are more typical for 'I', and '私たち (わたしたち)' for 'we'. Example sentences: I will never forget this「我はこれを忘れない」(われはこれをわすれない). We must protect our homeland「我らは祖国を守らねばならない」(われらはそこくをまもらねばならない). Note that '我' can also appear in compound words like '我々 (われわれ)', which explicitly means 'we'.

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1154

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Uncle

Reading

Kanji

伯Chief, Older sibling of parent 父Father

Explanation

The Japanese noun '伯父 (おじ)' refers to an uncle, specifically one's father's older brother. It is used to denote a familial relationship and is part of the Japanese kinship terminology. The term is distinct from '叔父 (おじ)', which refers to one's father's younger brother. Example sentences include: My uncle is coming over「伯父が来ます」(おじがきます). I visited my uncle's house「伯父の家を訪ねました」(おじのいえをたずねました). The term is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to refer to this specific family member.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1167

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Goal

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 標Signpost, Mark

Explanation

The Japanese noun '目標 (もくひょう)' means 'goal'. It refers to an objective or target that someone aims to achieve. This word is commonly used in both personal and professional contexts, such as setting life goals, career targets, or project milestones. For example: my goal is to become fluent in Japanese「私の目標は日本語が流暢になることです」(わたしのもくひょうはにほんごがりゅうちょうになることです). The team set a new goal「チームは新しい目標を設定しました」(チームはあたらしいもくひょうをせっていしました). The word can also imply a sense of direction or purpose, as in '人生の目標 (じんせいのもくひょう) (life goal)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1179

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accompany

Reading

Kanji

伴Accompany, Companion

Explanation

The Japanese verb '伴う (ともなう)' primarily means 'to accompany' or 'to go along with'. It is often used to describe situations where one thing naturally follows or is associated with another. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: success often accompanies hard work「成功はしばしば努力を伴う」(せいこうはしばしばどりょくをともなう). The storm was accompanied by strong winds「嵐は強い風を伴っていた」(あらしはつよいかぜをともなっていた). It's important to note that '伴う' can also imply a sense of inevitability or necessity in the relationship between the two things being described.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1186

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cry

Reading

Kanji

泣Weep, Cry

Explanation

The Japanese verb '泣く (なく)' means 'to cry'. It is used to describe the act of shedding tears, often due to sadness, pain, or overwhelming emotion. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as crying because of a sad movie, a personal loss, or even tears of joy. For example: The child cried loudly「子供は大声で泣いた」(こどもはおおごえでないた). She cried when she heard the news「彼女はその知らせを聞いて泣いた」(かのじょはそのしらせをきいてないた). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe something that evokes a strong emotional response, such as a touching story.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1195

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Raise, List

Reading

Kanji

挙Raise

Explanation

The Japanese verb '挙げる (あげる)' has multiple meanings depending on the context. The primary meaning is 'to raise' or 'to lift up', often used in physical or abstract contexts. For example: raise your hand「手を挙げて」(てをあげて). The second meaning is 'to list' or 'to enumerate', used when presenting examples or items. For example: list the reasons「理由を挙げる」(りゆうをあげる). This verb is versatile and can be used in various situations, such as raising a flag, raising a question, or listing achievements. It is important to note that '挙げる' is often used in formal or written contexts, and its usage can vary based on the situation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1217

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Demand, Claim

Reading

Kanji

請Request 求Request, Seek

Explanation

The Japanese noun '請求 (せいきゅう)' can mean 'claim' or 'demand', often in a financial or legal context. It refers to the act of requesting payment, compensation, or fulfillment of an obligation. For example: The company sent a payment claim「会社が請求書を送った」(かいしゃがせいきゅうしょをおくった). He made a demand for compensation「彼は補償を請求した」(かれはほしょうをせいきゅうした). This word is commonly used in business settings, such as when issuing invoices or making formal requests.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1225

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Scale

Reading

Kanji

規Standard, Regulation 模Imitation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '規模 (きぼ)' refers to the scale, size, or scope of something. It is often used to describe the magnitude or extent of an event, project, organization, or phenomenon. For example: the scale of the project is large「プロジェクトの規模は大きい」(ぷろじぇくとのきぼはおおきい). The earthquake was of a massive scale「地震の規模は巨大だった」(じしんのきぼはきょだいだった). This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to discuss the breadth or magnitude of something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1228

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Avoid

Reading

Kanji

避Avoid, Dodge

Explanation

The Japanese verb '避ける (さける)' means 'to avoid'. It is used when someone deliberately stays away from something or someone, or when they take action to prevent something from happening. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as avoiding danger, a person, or an unpleasant situation. For example: I avoid crowded places「人混みを避ける」(ひとごみをさける). He avoided answering the question「彼は質問に答えるのを避けた」(かれはしつもんにこたえるのをさけた). Note that '避ける' can also be written as 'よける' in some contexts, particularly when referring to physically dodging or evading something, such as an obstacle.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1233

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cell

Reading

Kanji

細Slender 胞Placenta, Membranous sac

Explanation

The Japanese noun '細胞 (さいぼう)' refers to a 'cell', the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms. This term is commonly used in biological and medical contexts. For example: cells divide「細胞が分裂する」(さいぼうがぶんれつする). The human body is made up of many cells「人体は多くの細胞でできている」(じんたいはおおくのさいぼうでできている). It can also be used metaphorically to describe the smallest unit of an organization or system, such as a 'cell' in a political or social group.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1236

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Combination, Bonding

Reading

Kanji

結Tie, Bind 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '結合 (けつごう)' refers to the act of combining or bonding things together. It is often used in scientific, technical, or abstract contexts to describe the union or integration of elements. For example: the combination of hydrogen and oxygen forms water「水素と酸素の結合は水を形成する」(すいそとさんそのけつごうはみずをけいせいする). The bonding of atoms creates molecules「原子の結合は分子を作る」(げんしのけつごうはぶんしをつくる). This term can also be used metaphorically to describe relationships or connections between people or ideas.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1249

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Distance

Reading

Kanji

距Distance 離Detach, Separate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '距離 (きょり)' refers to the physical or metaphorical distance between two points, objects, or concepts. It is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: the distance between Tokyo and Osaka is about 500 kilometers「東京と大阪の距離は約500キロです」(とうきょうとおおさかのきょりはやく500キロです). There is a distance between their opinions「彼らの意見には距離がある」(かれらのいけんにはきょりがある). The word can also imply emotional or relational distance, such as in '彼との距離を感じる (かれときょりをかんじる) (I feel a distance between us).'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1250

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Respond

Reading

Kanji

応Answer, Respond

Explanation

The Japanese verb '応ずる (おうずる)' means 'to respond' or 'to comply with'. It is often used in formal or written contexts to indicate a reaction or reply to a request, demand, or situation. This verb can also imply fulfilling an expectation or meeting a requirement. For example: He responded to the request「彼はその要請に応じた」(かれはそのようせいにおうじた). The company complied with the regulations「会社は規制に応じた」(かいしゃはきせいにおうじた). Note that '応ずる' is the more formal or literary form of '応じる (おうじる)', which is more commonly used in everyday speech.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1257

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Share, Stock

Reading

Kanji

株Shares, Stocks 式Style, Ceremony

Explanation

The Japanese noun '株式 (かぶしき)' refers to 'stock' or 'share' in the context of finance and business. It represents a unit of ownership in a corporation or company. This term is commonly used in discussions about investments, stock markets, and corporate ownership. For example: I bought stocks「株式を買いました」(かぶしきをかいました). The company issued new shares「会社が新株を発行しました」(かいしゃがしんかぶをはっこうしました). Note that '株式' is often used in formal or business contexts, while '株 (かぶ)' is a more casual term for 'stock' or 'share'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1270

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Properly

Reading

Kanji

宜Right, Best regards

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '宜しく (よろしく)' is a versatile word often used to convey a sense of proper handling, goodwill, or politeness. It can be used in various contexts, such as when asking someone to take care of something, expressing gratitude, or setting the tone for a relationship. For example: please take care of me「宜しくお願いします」(よろしくおねがいします). Please treat me well「宜しくお願いします」(よろしくおねがいします). It's important to note that this word is often used in formal or semi-formal situations, and its meaning can vary depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1278

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accident

Reading

Kanji

事Thing 故Reason, Deceased

Explanation

The Japanese noun '事故 (じこ)' refers to an 'accident'. This term is commonly used to describe unexpected and unfortunate events, often involving physical harm or damage. It can be used in various contexts, such as traffic accidents, workplace accidents, or other mishaps. For example: There was a car accident「車の事故があった」(くるまのじこがあった). The factory had an accident「工場で事故があった」(こうじょうでじこがあった). It's important to note that '事故' typically implies a negative outcome and is often used in serious or formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1279

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mobile

Reading

Kanji

携Carry with, Portable 帯Belt, Wear

Explanation

The Japanese noun '携帯 (けいたい)' primarily refers to a mobile phone or cellphone. It is a commonly used term in everyday conversation and is often shortened to 'ケータイ' in casual contexts. The word can also imply portability or something that is carried around, but in modern usage, it is overwhelmingly associated with mobile phones. Example sentences: I forgot my mobile phone at home「携帯を家に忘れた」(けいたいをいえにわすれた). Can I have your mobile number?「携帯番号を教えてもらえますか？」(けいたいばんごをおしえてもらえますか？).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1289

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

And

Reading

Kanji

且Moreover, Also

Explanation

The Japanese conjunction '且つ (かつ)' is used to connect two statements or ideas, similar to the English 'and'. However, it is more formal and often used in written language or formal speech. It emphasizes that both connected elements are true or applicable. For example: He is intelligent and diligent「彼は賢く且つ勤勉だ」(かれはかしこくかつきんべんだ). This method is effective and safe「この方法は効果的且つ安全だ」(このほうほうはこうかてきかつあんぜんだ). Note that '且つ' is less common in casual conversation, where 'そして' or 'そして' might be used instead.

Part Of Speech

conjunction

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1291

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Duty, Obligation

Reading

Kanji

義Righteousness 務Duty, Task

Explanation

The Japanese noun '義務 (ぎむ)' refers to a moral or legal responsibility that one is required to fulfill. It can be used in various contexts, such as societal duties, legal obligations, or personal responsibilities. For example: It is the duty of citizens to pay taxes「国民の義務は税金を払うことです」(こくみんのぎむはぜいきんをはらうことです). Parents have an obligation to raise their children「親は子供を育てる義務があります」(おやはこどもをそだてるぎむがあります). The word emphasizes a sense of responsibility that is often non-negotiable or expected by society or law.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1293

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Constitution

Reading

Kanji

憲Constitution 法Law, Method

Explanation

The Japanese noun '憲法 (けんぽう)' refers to a constitution, which is a set of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is governed. In Japan, it specifically refers to the national constitution, which outlines the framework of the government and the rights of the citizens. Example sentences: The constitution guarantees freedom of speech「憲法は言論の自由を保証している」(けんぽうはげんろんのじゆうをほしょうしている). Japan's constitution was established after World War II「日本の憲法は第二次世界大戦後に制定された」(にほんのけんぽうはだいにじせかいたいせんごにせいていされた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1294

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gaze

Reading

Kanji

眺Stare, Look out over

Explanation

The Japanese verb '眺める (ながめる)' means 'to gaze' or 'to look at something for a long time, often with a sense of contemplation or admiration'. It is used when someone is looking at something thoughtfully, such as a view, scenery, or an object. For example: I gazed at the beautiful sunset「美しい夕日を眺めた」(うつくしいゆうひをながめた). She gazed at the painting for a long time「彼女はその絵を長い間眺めていた」(かのじょはそのえをながいあいだながめていた). This verb often carries a nuance of taking time to appreciate or reflect on what is being observed.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1306

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Product

Reading

Kanji

製Manufacture 品Product

Explanation

The Japanese noun '製品 (せいひん)' means 'product'. It refers to goods or items that are manufactured or produced, often in an industrial or commercial context. This word is commonly used in business, manufacturing, and everyday conversations to describe tangible items created for sale or use. For example: This company produces high-quality products「この会社は高品質な製品を生産する」(このかいしゃはこうひんしつなせいひんをせいさんする). I bought a new electronic product「新しい電子製品を買いました」(あたらしいでんしせいひんをかいました). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as agricultural products (農作物製品, のうさくもつせいひん) or cultural products (文化製品, ぶんかせいひん).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1315

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stretch, Apply

Reading

Kanji

張Spread, Stretch

Explanation

The Japanese verb '張る (はる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to stretch' or 'to extend', often used when describing something being pulled tight or spread out. For example: stretch the canvas「キャンバスを張る」(キャンバスをはる). The second meaning is 'to apply' or 'to attach', commonly used when sticking or affixing something onto a surface. For example: apply a sticker「シールを張る」(シールをはる). This verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as physical actions or metaphorical extensions. Note that '張る' can also imply tension or effort, as in 'to strain' or 'to exert' in certain contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1317

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exactly

Reading

Kanji

丁Street 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '丁度 (ちょうど)' means 'exactly' or 'just'. It is used to indicate precision in time, quantity, or condition. It can also imply that something happens at the perfect moment or fits perfectly. For example: It's exactly 3 o'clock「ちょうど3時です」(ちょうどさんじです). This shirt fits me just right「このシャツはちょうどいい」(このシャツはちょうどいい). The train arrived exactly on time「電車はちょうど時間通りに到着した」(でんしゃはちょうどじかんどおりにとうちゃくした). Note that 'ちょうど' is often used in casual and formal contexts alike, making it a versatile word in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1325

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drunk

Reading

Kanji

酔Drunk 払Pay, Drive away

Explanation

The Japanese noun '酔っ払い (よっぱらい)' refers to a person who is drunk or intoxicated. It is often used in a casual or slightly humorous context to describe someone who has consumed too much alcohol. For example: That drunk is sleeping on the bench「あの酔っ払いはベンチで寝ている」(あのよっぱらいはベンチでねている). I saw a drunk walking unsteadily「酔っ払いがふらふら歩いているのを見た」(よっぱらいがふらふらあるいているのをみた). The term can carry a slightly negative connotation, depending on the context, but it is generally not overly harsh.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1327

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drunk

Reading

Kanji

酔Drunk 払Pay, Drive away

Explanation

The Japanese verb '酔っ払う (よっぱらう)' means 'to get drunk' or 'to be drunk'. It is commonly used to describe someone who has consumed alcohol to the point of intoxication. This verb is informal and often used in casual conversations. For example: He got drunk at the party「彼はパーティーで酔っ払った」(かれはパーティーでよっぱらった). I don't want to get drunk tonight「今夜は酔っ払いたくない」(こんやはよっぱらいたくない). The verb can also imply a state of being heavily intoxicated, not just the act of becoming drunk.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1331

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hide

Reading

Kanji

隠Hide

Explanation

The Japanese verb '隠す (かくす)' means 'to hide'. It is used when someone conceals something from view or keeps something secret. This verb can be applied to physical objects, emotions, or information. For example: she hid her feelings「彼女は気持ちを隠した」(かのじょはきもちをかくした). He hid the key under the mat「彼はマットの下に鍵を隠した」(かれはまっとのしたにかぎをかくした). The nuance of '隠す' often implies an intentional act of concealment, whether for protection, privacy, or deception.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1351

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Foundation

Reading

Kanji

基Base, Fundation 礎Foundation stone, Foundation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '基礎 (きそ)' means 'foundation'. It refers to the base or underlying support of something, whether physical, conceptual, or abstract. This word is often used in contexts like education, construction, or skills development. For example: The foundation of this building is strong「この建物の基礎は強い」(このたてもののきそはつよい). Learning the basics is important「基礎を学ぶことは大切です」(きそをまなぶことはたいせつです). It can also refer to the fundamental principles or groundwork of a subject, as in '基礎知識 (きそちしき) (basic knowledge)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1356

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Old woman

Reading

Kanji

婆Old woman

Explanation

The Japanese noun '婆 (ばあ)' refers to an old woman. It is a somewhat informal or colloquial term and can carry a neutral, affectionate, or even slightly derogatory tone depending on the context. It is often used in everyday conversation or storytelling. For example: The old woman smiled「婆が笑った」(ばあがわらった). I helped the old woman cross the street「婆を手伝って道を渡した」(ばあをてつだってみちをわたした). Note that this term is less formal than alternatives like '老女 (ろうじょ)' or 'おばあさん', which are more respectful.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1367

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Finally

Reading

Kanji

漸Gradually, Steadily

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '漸く (ようやく)' means 'finally' or 'at last'. It is used to express relief or satisfaction after a long wait or effort. It often conveys a sense of something being achieved after difficulty or delay. For example: I finally finished my homework「漸く宿題が終わった」(ようやくしゅくだいがおわった). The train finally arrived「漸く電車が来た」(ようやくでんしゃがきた). This word can also imply a sense of gradual progress, as in '漸く春が来た (ようやくはるがきた) (Spring has finally come).'

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1381

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Countermeasure

Reading

Kanji

対Against 策Plan, Policy

Explanation

The Japanese noun '対策 (たいさく)' means 'countermeasure' or 'measure'. It refers to actions or plans taken to prevent or deal with a problem or situation. This word is often used in contexts related to safety, security, or problem-solving. For example: We need to take countermeasures against cyber attacks「サイバー攻撃に対する対策が必要だ」(サイバーこうげきにたいするたいさくがひつようだ). The company implemented measures to reduce costs「会社はコスト削減の対策を実施した」(かいしゃはコストさくげんのたいさくをじっしした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1403

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Success

Reading

Kanji

成Become 功Merit, Achievement

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '成功 (せいこう)' means 'success'. It refers to the achievement of a desired goal or outcome. This word is commonly used in contexts related to personal, professional, or academic achievements. For example: His success was celebrated by everyone「彼の成功は皆に祝われた」(かれのせいこうはみんなにいわわれた). The project was a great success「そのプロジェクトは大成功だった」(そのプロジェクトはだいせいこうだった). Note that '成功' can also be used as a verb when combined with the auxiliary verb 'する', as in '成功する (せいこうする)', meaning 'to succeed'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1404

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Agent

Reading

Kanji

剤Medicine, Dose

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '剤 (ざい)' is used to denote a type of agent, often in the context of chemicals, medicines, or substances that have a specific function. It is commonly found in words related to pharmaceuticals, cleaning agents, or other chemical compounds. For example: medicine「薬剤」(やくざい), cleaning agent「洗剤」(せんざい), and insecticide「殺虫剤」(さっちゅうざい). This suffix is typically attached to a noun to specify the type of agent being referred to. It is important to note that '剤' is not used as a standalone word but always as a suffix.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1420

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Korea

Reading

Kanji

朝Morning 鮮Fresh, Vivid

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun '朝鮮 (ちょうせん)' refers to 'Korea'. Historically, it was used to denote the Korean Peninsula and its people, particularly during the period of Japanese rule over Korea (1910-1945). In modern usage, it is often associated with North Korea, as South Korea is more commonly referred to as '韓国 (かんこく)'. Example sentences: Korea is a beautiful country「朝鮮は美しい国です」(ちょうせんはうつくしいくにです). I studied the history of Korea「私は朝鮮の歴史を勉強しました」(わたしはちょうせんのれきしをべんきょうしました).

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1421

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Neighbor

Reading

Kanji

隣Neighbor, Neighbouring

Explanation

The Japanese noun '隣り (となり)' refers to something or someone that is adjacent or next to another. It is commonly used to describe the immediate proximity of people, places, or objects. For example: The house next door is quiet「隣りの家は静かです」(となりいえはしずかです). My neighbor is kind「私の隣り人は親切です」(わたしのとなりひとはしんせつです). This word can also be used in a more abstract sense to describe something that is closely related or connected in some way. For instance: The next topic is related「隣りの話題は関連しています」(となりわだいはかんれんしています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1427

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Provide

Reading

Kanji

提Present, Submit 供Accompany, Offer

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '提供 (ていきょう)' means 'provide' or 'supply'. It is commonly used in contexts where something is being offered or made available, such as services, information, or goods. For example: The company provides free Wi-Fi「その会社は無料のWi-Fiを提供しています」(そのかいしゃはむりょうのWi-Fiをていきょうしています). This restaurant provides vegetarian options「このレストランはベジタリアン向けのメニューを提供しています」(このレストランはベジタリアンむけのメニューをていきょうしています). The word is often used in formal or business settings, and it emphasizes the act of giving or making something accessible to others.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1430

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Proposal

Reading

Kanji

提Present, Submit 案Plan, Proposal

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '提案 (ていあん)' means 'proposal' or 'suggestion'. It refers to the act of formally presenting an idea, plan, or solution for consideration. This word is commonly used in professional, academic, or organizational settings. For example: I submitted a proposal to the company「会社に提案を提出しました」(かいしゃにていあんをていしゅつしました). His proposal was accepted「彼の提案は受け入れられました」(かれのていあんはうけいれられました). The word can also be used in everyday contexts, such as suggesting an idea to friends: Let's consider his proposal「彼の提案を考えましょう」(かれのていあんをかんがえましょう).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1431

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Guidance

Reading

Kanji

案Plan, Proposal 内Inside

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '案内 (あんない)' primarily means 'guidance' or 'information'. It is commonly used to refer to the act of guiding someone, providing directions, or offering information about a place, event, or procedure. For example: I will guide you to the station「駅まで案内します」(えきまであんないします). Please check the event information「イベントの案内を確認してください」(イベントのあんないをかくにんしてください). It can also be used in contexts like invitations or announcements, such as 'tour guide' (観光案内, かんこうあんない) or 'information desk' (案内所, あんないじょ). The word carries a polite and formal tone, often used in professional or service-oriented settings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1434

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Election

Reading

Kanji

選Choose 挙Raise

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '選挙 (せんきょ)' refers to the process of voting to choose a person or group of people for a position, typically in a political context. It is commonly used to describe national, local, or organizational elections. For example: The election will be held next month「選挙は来月行われます」(せんきょはらいげつおこなわれます). He won the election「彼は選挙に勝った」(かれはせんきょにかった). This term is often used in formal settings and is central to discussions about democracy and governance.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1471

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Welfare

Reading

Kanji

福Blessing 祉Blessedness, Welfare

Explanation

The Japanese noun '福祉 (ふくし)' refers to 'welfare' or 'well-being'. It is commonly used in contexts related to social welfare, public health, and the overall well-being of individuals or communities. This term is often associated with government programs, social services, and policies aimed at improving the quality of life for citizens. For example: The government is improving welfare services「政府は福祉サービスを改善しています」(せいふはふくしサービスをかいぜんしています). Welfare is important for a healthy society「福祉は健康な社会にとって重要です」(ふくしはけんこうなしゃかいにとってじゅうようです). The word can also appear in compound terms like '社会福祉 (しゃかいふくし)' (social welfare) or '福祉施設 (ふくししせつ)' (welfare facilities).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1474

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Handle

Reading

Kanji

扱Handle

Explanation

The Japanese verb '扱う (あつかう)' primarily means 'to handle' or 'to deal with'. It is used in various contexts to describe the act of managing, treating, or dealing with something or someone. This can refer to physical handling of objects, managing tasks or responsibilities, or dealing with people in a certain manner. For example: She handles the documents carefully「彼女は書類を丁寧に扱う」(かのじょはしょるいをていねいにあつかう). This store deals with rare books「この店は珍しい本を扱う」(このみせはめずらしいほんをあつかう). The verb can also imply the way something is treated or regarded, such as in a professional or social context.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1476

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Organization

Reading

Kanji

組Association, Group 織Weave

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '組織 (そしき)' primarily means 'organization'. It refers to a structured group of people working together towards a common goal, such as a company, institution, or association. It can also refer to the act of organizing or structuring something. For example: The organization is growing「組織が成長している」(そしきがせいちょうしている). He is in charge of organizing the event「彼はイベントの組織を担当している」(かれはイベントのそしきをたんとうしている). Additionally, in a biological context, '組織' can refer to 'tissue', such as in the human body. For example: This tissue is damaged「この組織は損傷している」(このそしきはそんしょうしている).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1480

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reach

Reading

Kanji

及Reach, Extend

Explanation

The Japanese verb '及ぶ (およぶ)' primarily means 'to reach' or 'to extend to'. It is often used to describe something that extends to a certain point, level, or degree. This verb can be used in both physical and abstract contexts. For example: The damage reached the entire city「被害は全市に及んだ」(ひがいぜんしにおよんだ). His influence extends to many fields「彼の影響は多くの分野に及ぶ」(かれのえいきょうはおおくのぶんやにおよぶ). Additionally, '及ぶ' can also imply 'to amount to' or 'to come to' in certain contexts, such as in the phrase '及ばずながら' (およばずながら), which means 'though it may not be enough'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1484

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expansion, Magnification

Reading

Kanji

拡Expand, Broaden 大Big

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '拡大 (かくだい)' can mean either 'expansion' or 'magnification', depending on the context. When referring to 'expansion', it is often used in contexts like business growth, territorial expansion, or increasing the scope of something. For example: the expansion of the company「会社の拡大」(かいしゃのかくだい). When referring to 'magnification', it is used in contexts like enlarging images or objects, such as in photography or microscopy. For example: the magnification of the image「画像の拡大」(がぞうのかくだい). The word is versatile and can be applied to both physical and abstract concepts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1487

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tradition

Reading

Kanji

伝Transmit 統Unite

Explanation

The Japanese noun '伝統 (でんとう)' means 'tradition'. It refers to customs, beliefs, practices, or cultural elements that have been passed down through generations. This word is often used to describe long-standing cultural practices or historical continuity. For example: Japanese tea ceremony is a tradition「日本の茶道は伝統です」(にほんのさどうはでんとうです). We must preserve our traditions「私たちは伝統を守らなければなりません」(わたしたちはでんとうをまもらなければなりません). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as 'traditional art' (伝統芸術, でんとうげいじゅつ) or 'traditional values' (伝統的価値観, でんとうてきかちかん).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1496

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plan

Reading

Kanji

案Plan, Proposal

Explanation

The Japanese noun '案 (あん)' primarily means 'plan' or 'proposal'. It refers to a thought-out idea or strategy intended to achieve a specific goal. This word is often used in formal or business contexts, such as discussing project plans or proposals. For example: We need to discuss the plan「案を話し合う必要がある」(あんをはなしあうひつようがある). His proposal was accepted「彼の案は受け入れられた」(かれのあんはうけいれられた). Additionally, '案' can sometimes imply a draft or preliminary idea, as in '案を練る (あんをねる)', which means 'to refine a plan'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1498

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Employment

Reading

Kanji

就Settle, Concerning 職Employment

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '就職 (しゅうしょく)' refers to the act of obtaining employment or starting a job, typically after completing education or training. It is commonly used in contexts related to job hunting, career beginnings, or transitioning into the workforce. For example: I found employment at a big company「大きな会社に就職しました」(おおきなかいしゃにしゅうしょくしました). She is looking for employment「彼女は就職を探しています」(かのじょはしゅうしょくをさがしています). The term is often associated with formal or full-time positions and is a significant milestone in Japanese society.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1514

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Husband

Reading

Kanji

旦Dawn 那What

Explanation

The Japanese noun '旦那 (だんな)' primarily means 'husband'. It is a somewhat formal or traditional term used to refer to one's husband, often implying respect or a certain level of formality. It can also be used to address or refer to a master or boss, particularly in historical or service contexts. For example: my husband is kind「私の旦那は優しい」(わたしのだんなはやさしい). The master of the house is strict「旦那様は厳しい」(だんなさまはきびしい). Note that in modern usage, '旦那' is less common in casual speech, with '夫 (おっと)' or '主人 (しゅじん)' being more frequently used to refer to a husband.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1518

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Contract

Reading

Kanji

契Pledge 約Promise, Approximately

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '契約 (けいやく)' refers to a formal agreement or contract between parties. It is commonly used in legal, business, and personal contexts to describe binding agreements. For example: We signed a contract「契約を結びました」(けいやくをむすびました). The contract has been terminated「契約は解除されました」(けいやくはかいじょされました). This term is often paired with verbs like '結ぶ (むすぶ)' (to conclude) or '解除する (かいじょする)' (to cancel) to describe the act of making or ending a contract.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1519

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tie, Connect

Reading

Kanji

結Tie, Bind

Explanation

The Japanese verb '結ぶ (むすぶ)' has two primary meanings: 'to tie' and 'to connect'. When used in the sense of 'to tie', it refers to physically binding or fastening something, such as tying a knot or a ribbon. For example: I tied my shoelaces「靴ひもを結んだ」(くつひもをむすんだ). In the sense of 'to connect', it can refer to forming a relationship, linking ideas, or establishing a bond. For example: The bridge connects the two cities「その橋は二つの都市を結ぶ」(そのはしはふたつのとしをむすぶ). The verb is versatile and can be used in both literal and metaphorical contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1520

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Negotiation

Reading

Kanji

交Mix 渉Have relations with, Ford

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '交渉 (こうしょう)' means 'negotiation'. It refers to the process of discussing and reaching an agreement between two or more parties. This term is commonly used in business, politics, and personal relationships. For example: The negotiation was successful「交渉は成功した」(こうしょうはせいこうした). We need to start negotiations「交渉を始める必要がある」(こうしょうをはじめるひつようがある). It can also imply a back-and-forth discussion to resolve a conflict or reach a compromise. For instance: The union is in negotiations with the company「組合は会社と交渉中だ」(くみあいはかいしゃとこうしょうちゅうだ).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1521

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hole

Reading

Kanji

穴Hole

Explanation

The Japanese noun '穴 (あな)' means 'hole'. It refers to an opening or hollow space in a surface or object. This word can be used in various contexts, such as describing a hole in the ground, a hole in clothing, or even metaphorical holes like gaps in knowledge. For example: There is a hole in the wall「壁に穴がある」(かべにあながある). I found a hole in my sock「靴下に穴を見つけた」(くつしたにあなをみつけた). The word can also be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '穴があったら入りたい (あながあったらはいりたい)', which means 'I want to crawl into a hole' and expresses extreme embarrassment.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1523

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Criticism

Reading

Kanji

批Criticize 判Judge, Stamp

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '批判 (ひはん)' means 'criticism'. It refers to the act of analyzing and evaluating something, often pointing out its faults or shortcomings. This word is commonly used in contexts such as social commentary, reviews, or discussions where judgment or evaluation is involved. For example: His criticism was harsh「彼の批判は厳しかった」(かれのひはんはきびしかった). The media criticized the government「メディアは政府を批判した」(メディアはせいふをひはんした). Note that '批判' can carry a negative connotation, implying disapproval or fault-finding, but it can also be used neutrally in analytical contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1534

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Evaluation, Appraisal

Reading

Kanji

評Evaluate 価Price

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '評価 (ひょうか)' refers to the act of assessing or judging the value, quality, or performance of something or someone. It is commonly used in contexts such as performance reviews, product reviews, or academic assessments. For example: The teacher gave a high evaluation to the student「先生はその生徒に高い評価を与えた」(せんせいはそのせいとにたかいひょうかをあたえた). This product received a good appraisal from customers「この商品は顧客から良い評価を受けた」(このしょうひんはこきゃくからよいひょうかをうけた). Note that '評価' can also imply a formal or systematic judgment, often used in professional or academic settings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1535

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

What, How

Reading

Kanji

如As, Likeness 何What

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '如何 (いかが)' is used to inquire about the state, condition, or quality of something. It can mean 'how' or 'what' depending on the context. It is often used in polite or formal situations to ask for opinions or to make suggestions. For example: How is the weather?「天気は如何ですか？」(てんきはいかがですか). What do you think?「ご意見は如何ですか？」(ごいけんはいかがですか). It can also be used to make polite offers, such as: Would you like some tea?「お茶はいかがですか？」(おちゃはいかがですか). The word carries a nuance of politeness and is commonly used in formal conversations or customer service settings.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1537

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Breakdown, Malfunction

Reading

Kanji

故Reason, Deceased 障Hinder, Hurt

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '故障 (こしょう)' refers to a breakdown or malfunction, typically of machinery, equipment, or systems. It is commonly used to describe when something stops working properly due to a defect or failure. For example: The car broke down「車が故障した」(くるまがこしょうした). The computer is malfunctioning「コンピューターが故障している」(コンピューターがこしょうしている). This term is often used in technical or mechanical contexts but can also apply to abstract systems or plans that fail to function as intended.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1538

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Repair

Reading

Kanji

修Discipline 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '修理 (しゅうり)' means 'repair'. It refers to the act of fixing or restoring something that is broken or damaged. This word is commonly used in contexts involving mechanical, electronic, or structural repairs. For example: I will repair the car「車を修理します」(くるまをしゅうりします). The watch is under repair「時計は修理中です」(とけいはしゅうりちゅうです). It can also be used in a broader sense, such as repairing relationships or systems, though it is most frequently associated with physical objects.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1540

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Finally

Reading

Kanji

遂Consummate, Accomplish

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '遂に (ついに)' means 'finally' and is used to indicate that something has happened after a long wait or effort. It often carries a sense of culmination or achievement. For example: He finally arrived「彼は遂に到着した」(かれはついにとうちゃくした). The project is finally complete「そのプロジェクトは遂に完了した」(そのプロジェクトはついにかんりょうした). This word is typically used in contexts where there is a sense of relief or accomplishment after a long period of time or effort.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1553

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ambulance

Reading

Kanji

救Rescue 急Urgent 車Car

Explanation

The Japanese noun '救急車 (きゅうきゅうしゃ)' refers to an 'ambulance', a vehicle equipped to transport sick or injured people to a hospital. It is commonly used in emergency situations. For example: Call an ambulance!「救急車を呼んで！」(きゅうきゅうしゃをよんで！). The ambulance arrived quickly「救急車がすぐに到着した」(きゅうきゅうしゃがすぐにとうちゃくした). The word is a compound of '救急 (きゅうきゅう)', meaning 'emergency', and '車 (しゃ)', meaning 'vehicle'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1555

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tune, Joint

Reading

Kanji

節Season, Node

Explanation

The Japanese noun '節 (ふし)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning refers to a 'joint' or 'node', such as the joints in bamboo or the nodes in a plant stem. For example: the bamboo has many joints「竹には節が多い」(たけにはふしがおおい). The second meaning refers to a 'tune' or 'melody', often used in the context of traditional Japanese music or songs. For example: she sang a beautiful tune「彼女は美しい節を歌った」(かのじょはうつくしいふしをうたった). These two meanings are unrelated and should be considered separately.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1557

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Arrest

Reading

Kanji

逮Catch up with, Apprehend 捕Catch

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '逮捕 (たいほ)' means 'arrest'. It refers to the act of taking someone into custody by legal authority, typically in the context of law enforcement. This term is commonly used in legal, news, and everyday contexts when discussing criminal activities or police actions. For example: The police made an arrest「警察が逮捕した」(けいさつがたいほした). He was arrested for theft「彼は窃盗で逮捕された」(かれはせっとうでたいほされた). Note that '逮捕' is often used in formal or serious contexts and is not typically used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1563

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Posture

Reading

Kanji

姿Shape, Figure 勢Power, Force

Explanation

The Japanese noun '姿勢 (しせい)' primarily means 'posture'. It refers to the way in which someone holds their body, especially when standing or sitting. This word can also be used metaphorically to describe someone's attitude or stance towards a particular issue. For example: good posture is important「良い姿勢は大切です」(よいしせいはたいせつです). His posture towards work is very serious「彼の仕事に対する姿勢はとても真剣です」(かれのしごとにたいするしせいはとてもしんけんです). In both literal and metaphorical contexts, '姿勢' emphasizes the physical or mental alignment of a person.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1564

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Claim, Credit

Reading

Kanji

債Debt 権Rights, Authority

Explanation

The Japanese noun '債権 (さいけん)' refers to a legal right to demand payment or performance from another party. It is commonly used in financial and legal contexts. The first meaning, 'claim,' refers to the right to demand something owed, such as money or services. The second meaning, 'credit,' refers to the financial aspect where one party lends money or goods to another with the expectation of repayment. Example sentences: The company has a claim against the debtor「その会社は債務者に対して債権を持っている」(そのかいしゃはさいむしゃにたいしてさいけんをもっている). The bank extended credit to the small business「銀行はその小企業に債権を提供した」(ぎんこうはそのしょうきぎょうにさいけんをていきょうした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1570

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shogunate

Reading

Kanji

幕Curtain 府Government office, Urban prefecture

Explanation

The Japanese noun '幕府 (ばくふ)' refers to the 'shogunate', which was the military government of Japan during the feudal period. The shogunate was headed by the shogun, the supreme military commander, and it was the de facto government of Japan from the 12th to the 19th century, while the emperor remained a symbolic figurehead. The term is often used in historical contexts to describe the political and military structure of feudal Japan. For example: The Tokugawa shogunate ruled Japan for over 250 years「徳川幕府は250年以上日本を支配した」(とくがわばくふはにひゃくごじゅうねんいじょうにほんをしはいした). The shogunate was abolished during the Meiji Restoration「幕府は明治維新の際に廃止された」(ばくふはめいじいしんのさいにはいしされた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1572

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

County

Reading

Kanji

郡County, District

Explanation

The Japanese noun '郡 (ぐん)' refers to a 'county', which is an administrative division in Japan, smaller than a prefecture but larger than a city, town, or village. This term is used in geographical and administrative contexts to denote a specific area within a prefecture. For example: This county is known for its beautiful landscapes「この郡は美しい景色で知られています」(このぐんはうつくしいけしきでしられています). The county office is located in the center of the town「郡役所は町の中心にあります」(ぐんやくしょはまちのちゅうしんにあります). It's important to note that '郡' is a formal term and is less commonly used in everyday conversation compared to more specific terms like '市 (し)' (city) or '町 (まち)' (town).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1577

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Silent

Reading

Kanji

黙Silent, Shut up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '黙る (だまる)' means 'to be silent' or 'to stop talking'. It is used when someone chooses not to speak or stops speaking, often in response to a situation or request. This verb can imply a deliberate choice to remain quiet, sometimes out of defiance, contemplation, or simply because there is nothing to say. For example: He remained silent during the meeting「彼は会議中黙っていた」(かれはかいぎちゅうだまっていた). Please be quiet for a moment「ちょっと黙ってください」(ちょっとだまってください). The verb can also carry a nuance of stubbornness or refusal to engage in conversation, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1586

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Element, Factor

Reading

Kanji

要Important, Need 素Element

Explanation

The Japanese noun '要素 (ようそ)' can mean both 'element' and 'factor'. As 'element', it refers to a fundamental or essential part of something, often used in scientific or technical contexts. For example: Hydrogen is an important element「水素は重要な要素です」(すいそはじゅうようなようそです). As 'factor', it refers to something that contributes to a result or situation. For example: Hard work is a key factor for success「努力は成功の重要な要素です」(どりょくはせいこうのじゅうようなようそです). The word is versatile and can be used in various contexts, from chemistry to social sciences.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1598

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Effect, Influence

Reading

Kanji

影Shadow 響Echo, Reverberate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '影響 (えいきょう)' primarily means 'influence' or 'effect'. It refers to the power or capacity to produce an effect on someone or something, or the result of such an effect. This word is often used in contexts involving social, environmental, or personal impacts. For example: His speech had a big influence on the audience「彼のスピーチは聴衆に大きな影響を与えた」(かれのスピーチはちょうしゅうにおおきなえいきょうをあたえた). The new policy will have a significant effect on the economy「新しい政策は経済に大きな影響を与えるだろう」(あたらしいせいさくはけいざいにおおきなえいきょうをあたえるだろう). It's important to note that '影響' can be used both positively and negatively, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1614

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Entry

Reading

Kanji

記Record 載Load, Publish

Explanation

The Japanese noun '記載 (きさい)' refers to the act of writing or recording information, or the information itself that is written or recorded. It is commonly used in formal contexts, such as in documents, forms, or official records. For example: Please check the entry on the form「フォームの記載を確認してください」(フォームのきさいをかくにんしてください). The details are clearly written in the document「詳細は書類に記載されています」(しょうさいはしょるいにかいさいされています). This word emphasizes the act of including specific information in a written format.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1630

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Secret

Reading

Kanji

秘Secret 密Secret, Dense

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '秘密 (ひみつ)' means 'secret'. It refers to something that is kept hidden or concealed from others, often because it is private, confidential, or sensitive. This word can be used to describe information, actions, or objects that are not meant to be disclosed. For example: This is a secret「これは秘密です」(これはひみつです). She told me her secret「彼女は秘密を教えてくれた」(かのじょはひみつをおしえてくれた). The word can also be used in compound phrases, such as '秘密の場所 (ひみつのばしょ)' (secret place) or '秘密を守る (ひみつをまもる)' (to keep a secret).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1631

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Even

Reading

Kanji

仮Temporary 令Orders

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '仮令 (たとえ)' is used to express a hypothetical or extreme condition, often translated as 'even if' or 'even though'. It is commonly used in conjunction with words like 'ても' or 'でも' to emphasize that the following statement holds true regardless of the condition. For example: Even if it rains, I will go「仮令雨が降っても、行きます」(たとえあめがふっても、いきます). Even though it's difficult, I won't give up「仮令難しくても、諦めない」(たとえむずかしくても、あきらめない). This word is often used in formal or literary contexts and carries a sense of strong determination or inevitability.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1632

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Debt

Reading

Kanji

債Debt 務Duty, Task

Explanation

The Japanese noun '債務 (さいむ)' refers to a financial obligation or debt. It is commonly used in legal, financial, or business contexts to describe liabilities or obligations that one party owes to another. For example: The company has a large debt「その会社は大きな債務を抱えている」(そのかいしゃはおおきなさいむをかかえている). He is responsible for paying the debt「彼は債務を支払う責任がある」(かれはさいむをしはらうせきにんがある). This term is often used in formal settings and is distinct from more casual terms for debt like '借金 (しゃっきん)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1634

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Concept

Reading

Kanji

概In general, Approximation 念Thought

Explanation

The Japanese noun '概念 (がいねん)' refers to an abstract idea or a general notion, often used in academic, philosophical, or technical contexts. It represents a mental construct that helps in understanding or categorizing something. For example: The concept of time is complex「時間の概念は複雑です」(じかんのがいねんはふくざつです). He explained the concept clearly「彼はその概念を明確に説明した」(かれはそのがいねんをめいかくにせつめいした). The word is commonly used in discussions about theories, ideas, or frameworks, and it carries a formal tone.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1635

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Palace, Shrine

Reading

Kanji

宮Palace

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '宮 (きゅう)' can mean either 'shrine' or 'palace', depending on the context. When referring to a shrine, it is often used in the names of Shinto shrines, such as '明治神宮 (めいじじんぐう)' (Meiji Shrine). When referring to a palace, it is used in the names of imperial palaces or residences, such as '皇居 (こうきょ)' (Imperial Palace). Example sentences: I visited the Meiji Shrine「明治神宮を訪れました」(めいじじんぐうをおとずれました). The Imperial Palace is in Tokyo「皇居は東京にあります」(こうきょはとうきょうにあります).

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1640

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Moment

Reading

Kanji

瞬Blink, Flash 間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese noun '瞬間 (しゅんかん)' means 'moment'. It refers to a very brief period of time, often emphasizing the fleeting nature of an event or experience. This word is commonly used in both everyday conversation and literary contexts to describe a specific instant or a critical point in time. For example: That was the decisive moment「それが決定的な瞬間だった」(それがけっていてきなしゅんかんだった). I captured the moment in a photo「その瞬間を写真に収めた」(そのしゅんかんをしゃしんにおさめた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a significant or emotional instant, such as 'the moment of truth' or 'a moment of realization'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1643

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Symptom

Reading

Kanji

症Symptom 状Form, Condition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '症状 (しょうじょう)' means 'symptom'. It refers to a physical or mental condition that indicates the presence of a disease or disorder. This word is commonly used in medical contexts to describe signs of illness or health issues. For example: The symptoms of the flu are severe「インフルエンザの症状はひどい」(インフルエンザのしょうじょうはひどい). She showed symptoms of stress「彼女はストレスの症状を示した」(かのじょはストレスのしょうじょうをしめした). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe signs of problems in non-medical contexts, such as 'symptoms of a failing system'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1646

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Divorce

Reading

Kanji

離Detach, Separate 婚Marriage

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '離婚 (りこん)' means 'divorce'. It refers to the legal dissolution of a marriage. This term is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to describe the act of ending a marital relationship. For example: They decided to get a divorce「彼らは離婚することに決めた」(かれらはりこんすることにきめた). Divorce rates are increasing「離婚率が増えている」(りこんりつがふえている). The word can also be used in compound phrases, such as '離婚届 (りこんとどけ)' (divorce papers).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1648

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Air conditioning

Reading

Kanji

冷Cold 房Tassel, Chamber

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '冷房 (れいぼう)' refers to 'air conditioning' or specifically the cooling function of an air conditioning system. It is commonly used in contexts related to temperature control in buildings, vehicles, or other enclosed spaces. For example: Please turn on the air conditioning「冷房をつけてください」(れいぼうをつけてください). The air conditioning is too cold「冷房がききすぎている」(れいぼうがききすぎている). This term is often contrasted with '暖房 (だんぼう)', which refers to heating. It is widely used in daily life, especially during hot summer months in Japan.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1672

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Revolve, Tour

Reading

Kanji

巡Go around, Patrol

Explanation

The Japanese verb '巡る (めぐる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to revolve' or 'to go around', often used to describe something moving in a circular or cyclical manner, such as the Earth revolving around the Sun「地球は太陽を巡る」(ちきゅうはたいようをめぐる). The second meaning is 'to tour' or 'to visit multiple places in sequence', such as when someone visits various temples on a pilgrimage「彼はお寺を巡った」(かれはおてらをめぐった). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe the passage of time or the recurrence of events, as in 'seasons revolve'「季節が巡る」(きせつがめぐる).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1673

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Heating

Reading

Kanji

暖Warm 房Tassel, Chamber

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '暖房 (だんぼう)' refers to 'heating' or a 'heating system'. It is commonly used to describe the act of heating a space or the equipment used to provide warmth, such as heaters or central heating systems. This term is often used in contexts related to home appliances, buildings, or climate control. For example: The heating is on「暖房がついている」(だんぼうがついている). Please turn on the heating「暖房をつけてください」(だんぼうをつけてください). It is important to note that '暖房' specifically refers to heating and is distinct from '冷房 (れいぼう)', which means 'cooling' or 'air conditioning'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1674

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stationery

Reading

Kanji

文Sentence 房Tassel, Chamber 具Tool

Explanation

The Japanese noun '文房具 (ぶんぼうぐ)' refers to 'stationery' or 'writing materials'. This term encompasses items used for writing, drawing, or office work, such as pens, pencils, erasers, notebooks, and other similar tools. It is a common word in everyday Japanese, especially in contexts related to school, work, or office supplies. Example sentences: I bought new stationery「新しい文房具を買いました」(あたらしいぶんぼうぐをかいました). This store sells a variety of stationery「この店はいろいろな文房具を売っています」(このみせはいろいろなぶんぼうぐをうっています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1675

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Search

Reading

Kanji

検Examine 索Search, Rope

Explanation

The Japanese noun '検索 (けんさく)' means 'search'. It is commonly used in contexts related to looking up information, such as searching on the internet, in databases, or in documents. For example: I searched for the word「その言葉を検索した」(そのことばをけんさくした). Please search for the address「住所を検索してください」(じゅうしょをけんさくしてください). This term is widely used in technology and everyday contexts, especially in the digital age, where searching for information is a frequent activity.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1697

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Finally

Reading

Kanji

漸Gradually, Steadily

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '漸と (やっと)' means 'finally' or 'at last'. It is used to express relief or satisfaction after a long wait, effort, or struggle. This word often conveys a sense of accomplishment or the overcoming of difficulty. For example: I finally finished my homework「やっと宿題が終わった」(やっとしゅくだいがおわった). The train finally arrived「やっと電車が来た」(やっとでんしゃがきた). It can also imply that something was achieved with great effort or just barely, as in 'I finally caught the last train'「やっと終電に間に合った」(やっとしゅうでんにまにあった).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1699

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Point, Place

Reading

Kanji

箇Item, Counter for articles 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '箇所 (かしょ)' refers to a specific place, point, or location, often in a more abstract or formal context. It is commonly used to indicate a particular spot in a document, a physical location, or a specific part of something. For example: Please check this place in the document「この箇所を確認してください」(このかしょをかくにんしてください). There is a problem at this point「この箇所に問題があります」(このかしょにもんだいがあります). The word is often used in technical, formal, or written contexts, and it emphasizes precision in identifying a specific location or part.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1724

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Heredity

Reading

Kanji

遺Leave behind 伝Transmit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '遺伝 (いでん)' refers to 'heredity' or the passing of traits from parents to offspring through genes. It is commonly used in scientific, medical, and everyday contexts to discuss genetic inheritance. For example: Heredity influences eye color「遺伝は目の色に影響する」(いでんはめのいろにえいきょうする). This disease is caused by heredity「この病気は遺伝によるものです」(このびょうきはいでんによるものです). The word is also used in compound terms like '遺伝子 (いでんし)' (gene) and '遺伝学 (いでんがく)' (genetics).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1725

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gaze

Reading

Kanji

視See, Look 線Line

Explanation

The Japanese noun '視線 (しせん)' refers to the direction or focus of someone's eyes, often translated as 'gaze' or 'line of sight'. It is commonly used to describe where someone is looking or the act of looking at something. This word can also carry nuances of attention, scrutiny, or even judgment depending on the context. For example: Her gaze was fixed on the painting「彼女の視線はその絵に釘づけだった」(かのじょのしせんはそのえにくぎづけだった). I felt someone's gaze on me「誰かの視線を感じた」(だれかのしせんをかんじた). The word is often used in situations where the direction or intensity of looking is significant, such as in social interactions or artistic descriptions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1740

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Treaty

Reading

Kanji

条Clause 約Promise, Approximately

Explanation

The Japanese noun '条約 (じょうやく)' refers to a formal agreement between countries or organizations, typically involving legal obligations. It is commonly used in the context of international relations, diplomacy, or legal frameworks. For example: The two countries signed a peace treaty「両国は平和条約に調印した」(りょうこくはへいわじょうやくにちょういんした). This treaty is important for global cooperation「この条約は国際協力にとって重要です」(このじょうやくはこくさいきょうりょくにとってじゅうようです). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as agreements between organizations or groups, but its primary usage is in diplomatic or legal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1742

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Consideration, Examination

Reading

Kanji

検Examine 討Chastise

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '検討 (けんとう)' primarily means 'consideration' or 'examination'. It refers to the act of carefully thinking about or analyzing something, often in preparation for making a decision. This word is commonly used in formal or professional contexts, such as business meetings, academic discussions, or policy-making. For example: We will consider the proposal「提案を検討します」(ていあんをけんとうします). The committee is examining the plan「委員会はその計画を検討しています」(いいんかいはそのけいかくをけんとうしています). Note that '検討' often implies a thorough and deliberate process, and it is frequently paired with verbs like 'する' (to do) or '行う' (to carry out).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1744

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Evidence

Reading

Kanji

証Evidence 拠Basis, Based on

Explanation

The Japanese noun '証拠 (しょうこ)' means 'evidence'. It refers to information, objects, or facts that are used to prove or disprove something, often in legal, scientific, or investigative contexts. For example: The police found evidence「警察は証拠を見つけた」(けいさつはしょうこをみつけた). This document is important evidence「この書類は重要な証拠です」(このしょるいはじゅうようなしょうこです). The word is commonly used in formal or serious situations, such as court cases or academic discussions. It can also be used metaphorically to describe proof of abstract concepts, like trust or intentions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1747

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Atmosphere

Reading

Kanji

雰Atmosphere 囲Surround 気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '雰囲気 (ふんいき)' refers to the 'atmosphere' or 'mood' of a place, situation, or event. It describes the overall feeling or vibe that is perceived in a particular environment. This word is often used to convey the intangible qualities that make a setting unique or memorable. For example: The atmosphere of the cafe was cozy「カフェの雰囲気は居心地が良かった」(かふぇのふんいきはいごこちがよかった). The party had a lively atmosphere「パーティーの雰囲気は活気があった」(ぱーてぃーのふんいきはかっきがあった). It can also be used to describe the mood of a person or group, such as '彼の雰囲気は優しかった (かれのふんいきはやさしかった)' (His demeanor was gentle).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1749

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Slow, Loose

Reading

Kanji

緩Easy, Loose

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '緩い (ゆるい)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'loose', which is used to describe something that is not tight or firmly fixed, such as clothing or a knot. For example: these pants are loose「このズボンは緩い」(このズボンはゆるい). The second meaning is 'slow', which is used to describe something that moves or progresses at a low speed, such as a river or a pace. For example: the river flows slowly「川の流れが緩い」(かわのながれがゆるい). It's important to note that the context in which '緩い' is used will determine which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1776

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Care

Reading

Kanji

介Mediate, Jammed in 護Protect, Defend

Explanation

The Japanese noun '介護 (かいご)' refers to 'care', specifically the act of providing physical or emotional support to someone who is elderly, ill, or disabled. It is often used in contexts related to nursing, caregiving, or support services. For example: She works in elderly care「彼女は高齢者介護の仕事をしています」(かのじょはこうれいしゃかいごのしごとをしています). My father needs care at home「父は在宅介護が必要です」(ちちはざいたくかいごがひつようです). The term is commonly associated with professional or familial caregiving roles and is a significant topic in Japan due to its aging population.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1777

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Narrow

Reading

Kanji

狭Narrow

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '狭い (せまい)' means 'narrow'. It is used to describe something that has limited width or space, such as a narrow road, a small room, or a tight space. It can also be used metaphorically to describe limited perspectives or opportunities. Example sentences: This road is narrow「この道は狭い」(このみちはせまい). The room feels narrow「部屋が狭く感じる」(へやがせまくかんじる). His views are narrow「彼の視野は狭い」(かれのしやはせまい). Note that '狭い' is often used to describe physical spaces but can extend to abstract concepts like viewpoints or options.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1781

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stock

Reading

Kanji

株Shares, Stocks

Explanation

The Japanese noun '株 (かぶ)' primarily refers to 'stock' in the context of shares or equities in a company. It is commonly used in financial and business settings. For example: I bought stocks「株を買いました」(かぶをかいました). The stock price went up「株価が上がりました」(かぶかがあがりました). Additionally, '株' can also refer to the stump or rootstock of a plant, but this usage is less common in everyday conversation. For example: The tree stump is still there「木の株がまだあります」(きのかぶがまだあります).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1783

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Poor

Reading

Kanji

貧Poor 乏Scanty, Scarce

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '貧乏 (びんぼう)' means 'poor' in the sense of lacking financial resources. It describes a state of poverty or being impoverished. This word is often used to describe individuals, families, or situations where there is a lack of money or material wealth. For example: he is poor「彼は貧乏だ」(かれはびんぼうだ). We grew up poor「私たちは貧乏に育った」(わたしたちはびんぼうにそだった). It can also be used in compound words like '貧乏人 (びんぼうにん)' (poor person) or '貧乏生活 (びんぼうせいかつ)' (life of poverty). Note that this word carries a neutral to slightly negative connotation and is not typically used in formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1784

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wonderful

Reading

Kanji

素Element 晴Clear

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '素晴らしい (すばらしい)' means 'wonderful' or 'splendid'. It is used to describe something that is exceptionally good, impressive, or excellent. This word can be applied to a wide range of situations, such as describing a beautiful view, a great performance, or an outstanding achievement. For example: The view from the mountain is wonderful「山からの眺めは素晴らしい」(やまからのながめはすばらしい). Her performance was splendid「彼女のパフォーマンスは素晴らしかった」(かのじょのパフォーマンスはすばらしかった). The word carries a positive and enthusiastic tone, often used to express admiration or high praise.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1795

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Certainly

Reading

Kanji

是Right, Absolutely 非Mistake, Negative

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '是非 (ぜひ)' is used to express strong encouragement or a strong desire for something to happen. It can be translated as 'certainly', 'by all means', or 'definitely'. This word is often used when making requests or invitations, emphasizing the speaker's earnestness. For example: Please come by all means「是非来てください」(ぜひきてください). I definitely want to go「是非行きたいです」(ぜひいきたいです). It can also be used to express a strong recommendation, as in 'You should definitely try this dish'「この料理は是非食べてみてください」(このりょうりはぜひたべてみてください).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1802

Composition

kanji

Handwriting