Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Kanji JLPT Level

word

Meaning

Offer

Reading

Kanji

申Report 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '申し出る (もうしでる)' means 'to offer' or 'to propose'. It is used when someone voluntarily offers something, such as help, a suggestion, or a proposal. This verb often implies a formal or polite context, and it is commonly used in situations where someone is stepping forward to provide assistance or make a suggestion. For example: He offered to help「彼は手伝いを申し出た」(かれはてつだいをもうしでた). She proposed a new plan「彼女は新しい計画を申し出た」(かのじょはあたらしいけいかくをもうしでた). The verb can also be used in more formal settings, such as business or official proposals.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5832

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Prospect

Reading

Kanji

見See 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese noun '見込み (みこみ)' refers to a 'prospect' or 'expectation' of something happening in the future. It is often used to describe the likelihood or potential of an event, outcome, or situation. For example: there is a prospect of rain tomorrow「明日は雨の見込みです」(あしたはあめのみこみです). The company has good prospects for growth「その会社は成長の見込みが良い」(そのかいしゃはせいちょうのみこみがよい). This word can also imply a sense of anticipation or estimation based on current conditions or trends.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5833

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Not very

Reading

Kanji

然Sort of thing, In that case 程Order, Extent

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '然程 (さほど)' is used to express that something is 'not very' or 'not particularly' in degree or extent. It often carries a nuance of understatement or modesty. This word is typically used in negative sentences to downplay the intensity or significance of something. For example: It's not very cold today「今日は然程寒くない」(きょうはさほどさむくない). The movie was not particularly interesting「その映画は然程面白くなかった」(そのえいがはさほどおもしろくなかった). Note that '然程' is somewhat formal and is less commonly used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5834

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Duty

Reading

Kanji

任Duty, Responsibility 務Duty, Task

Explanation

The Japanese noun '任務 (にんむ)' means 'duty' or 'mission'. It refers to a specific task or responsibility assigned to someone, often in a professional, military, or organizational context. This word carries a formal tone and is commonly used in serious or official situations. For example: He fulfilled his duty「彼は任務を果たした」(かれはにんむをはたした). The soldier was given an important mission「その兵士は重要な任務を与えられた」(そのへいしはじゅうようなにんむをあたえられた). Note that '任務' is often used in contexts involving responsibility, obligation, or assignments that require commitment.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5836

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Application

Reading

Kanji

申Report 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese noun '申し込み (もうしこみ)' means 'application'. It refers to the act of applying for something, such as a service, event, or membership. This word is commonly used in formal or business contexts. For example: I submitted an application for the event「イベントに申し込みをした」(イベントにもうしこみをした). Please fill out the application form「申し込み用紙に記入してください」(もうしこみようしにきにゅうしてください). The term can also imply a request or proposal, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5838

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pay

Reading

Kanji

払Pay, Drive away 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '払い込む (はらいこむ)' means 'to pay' or 'to make a payment'. It is often used in the context of making a payment, such as paying a bill, fee, or installment. This verb implies the action of transferring money to settle a debt or obligation. For example: I paid the bill「請求書を払い込んだ」(せいきゅうしょをはらいこんだ). He paid the tuition fee「彼は授業料を払い込んだ」(かれはじゅぎょうりょうをはらいこんだ). The verb can also be used in the context of paying in installments, such as '払い込む (はらいこむ) for a loan'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5839

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cut in, Interrupt

Reading

Kanji

割Divide, Split 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '割り込む (わりこむ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to cut in,' often used in the context of physically cutting into a line or queue. For example: he cut in line「彼は列に割り込んだ」(かれはれつにわりこんだ). The second meaning is 'to interrupt,' which can refer to interrupting a conversation or process. For example: she interrupted the meeting「彼女は会議に割り込んだ」(かのじょはかいぎにわりこんだ). This verb is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts, and it carries a slightly negative connotation, implying rudeness or disruption.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5840

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Withdraw

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引っ込む (ひっこむ)' primarily means 'to withdraw' or 'to pull back'. It can be used in both physical and metaphorical contexts. For example, physically withdrawing into a space: he withdrew into his room「彼は部屋に引っ込んだ」(かれはへやにひっこんだ). Metaphorically, it can describe someone retreating from a situation or conversation: she withdrew from the argument「彼女は議論から引っ込んだ」(かのじょはぎろんからひっこんだ). Additionally, '引っ込む' can imply something receding or sinking in, such as a receding hairline「髪の毛が引っ込んでいる」(かみのけがひっこんでいる). The verb often carries a nuance of retreating or moving away from a previous position or state.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5841

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Investment

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 資Capital, Resources

Explanation

The Japanese noun '出資 (しゅっし)' refers to the act of providing capital or funds to a business, project, or venture in exchange for a stake or share in its profits or ownership. It is commonly used in financial and business contexts. For example: He made an investment in the company「彼はその会社に出資した」(かれはそのかいしゃにしゅっしした). The startup is seeking investment「そのスタートアップは出資を求めている」(そのスタートアップはしゅっしをもとめている). This term is often associated with formal or professional settings and implies a financial commitment.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5843

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pull

Reading

Kanji

引Pull

Explanation

The Japanese noun '引き (ひき)' primarily means 'pull'. It is often used in contexts related to pulling or drawing something, such as in fishing or drawing a bow. It can also refer to the act of attracting or drawing in, as in attracting customers. For example: He has a strong pull「彼は強い引きがある」(かれはつよいひきがある). The shop uses discounts to pull in customers「その店は引きをするために割引を使う」(そのみせはひきをするためにわりびきをつかう). Note that '引き' can also be part of compound words, where it retains the meaning related to pulling or drawing.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5846

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Call, Summon

Reading

Kanji

呼Invite, Call 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '呼び出す (よびだす)' can mean 'summon' or 'call'. It is used when someone is called out or summoned, often in a formal or urgent context. For example: The teacher summoned the student「先生は生徒を呼び出した」(せんせいはせいとをよびだした). The police called the witness to the station「警察は証人を警察署に呼び出した」(けいさつはしょうにんをけいさつしょによびだした). This verb can also be used in technical contexts, such as calling a function in programming or summoning a character in a game.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5848

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crowd

Reading

Kanji

人Person 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人込み (ひとごみ)' refers to a 'crowd' or a place where many people are gathered closely together. It is often used to describe busy public spaces like train stations, festivals, or shopping districts. For example: There was a big crowd at the station「駅には大きな人込みがあった」(えきにはおおきなひとごみがあった). I don't like crowded places「私は人込みが苦手です」(わたしはひとごみがにがてです). The word carries a nuance of being packed or dense with people, and it can sometimes imply a sense of discomfort or chaos due to the large number of people.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5850

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Limited

Reading

Kanji

有Exist 限Limit

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '有限 (ゆうげん)' means 'limited' or 'finite'. It is used to describe something that has boundaries, constraints, or a definite end. This term is often used in contexts such as time, resources, or capabilities. For example: The resources are limited「資源は有限です」(しげんはゆうげんです). Our time on Earth is finite「地球での時間は有限です」(ちきゅうでのじかんはゆうげんです). It can also be used in business contexts, such as '有限会社 (ゆうげんがいしゃ)', which refers to a limited liability company.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5852

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Investment, Insertion

Reading

Kanji

投Throw 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese noun '投入 (とうにゅう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'investment', referring to the act of putting resources (such as time, money, or effort) into something with the expectation of achieving a benefit. For example: The company made a large investment in new technology「会社は新しい技術に大きな投入をした」(かいしゃはあたらしいぎじゅつにおおきなとうにゅうをした). The second meaning is 'insertion', which refers to the act of putting something into a place or system. For example: Insert the card into the machine「カードを機械に投入してください」(かーどをきかいにとうにゅうしてください). These two meanings are unrelated and depend on the context in which the word is used.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5857

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Judgment, Decision

Reading

Kanji

判Judge, Stamp 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '判定 (はんてい)' refers to the act of making a judgment or decision, often based on specific criteria or rules. It is commonly used in contexts such as sports, competitions, or evaluations where an official or authoritative decision is required. For example: The referee's judgment was fair「審判の判定は公平だった」(しんぱんのはんていはこうへいだった). The decision on the winner was difficult「勝者の判定は難しかった」(しょうしゃのはんていはむずかしかった). This word emphasizes the formal or official nature of the judgment being made.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5858

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Awaken

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 覚Remember, Awake

Explanation

The Japanese verb '目覚める (めざめる)' means 'to awaken' or 'to wake up'. It is commonly used to describe the act of waking up from sleep, but it can also be used metaphorically to describe becoming aware of something or realizing a new perspective. For example: I woke up early「私は早く目覚めた」(わたしははやくめざめた). He awakened to the importance of the environment「彼は環境の重要性に目覚めた」(かれはかんきょうのじゅうようせいにめざめた). The verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it versatile in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5861

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bargain

Reading

Kanji

値Value, Price 切Cut

Explanation

The Japanese verb '値切る (ねぎる)' means 'to bargain' or 'to haggle'. It is used when negotiating the price of something, typically to get a lower price. This verb is commonly used in markets, shops, or when dealing with sellers. For example: I bargained with the seller「売り手と値切った」(うりてとねぎった). He tried to bargain for a cheaper price「彼は安くしてもらおうと値切った」(かれはやすくしてもらおうとねぎった). Note that this verb is often used in informal or casual settings and may not be appropriate in formal business negotiations.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5862

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Index finger

Reading

Kanji

人Person 差Difference 指Finger

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人差し指 (ひとさしゆび)' refers to the 'index finger', which is the second digit of the human hand, located between the thumb and the middle finger. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation and medical contexts. For example: I hurt my index finger「人差し指をけがした」(ひとさしゆびをけがした). She pointed at the map with her index finger「彼女は人差し指で地図を指した」(かのじょはひとさしゆびでちずをさした). The term is a compound of '人 (ひと)' meaning 'person', '差し (さし)' meaning 'pointing', and '指 (ゆび)' meaning 'finger', literally translating to 'the finger used for pointing'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5865

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exceed

Reading

Kanji

上Up 回Revolve, Times

Explanation

The Japanese verb '上回る (うわまわる)' means 'to exceed' or 'to surpass'. It is used when something goes beyond a certain limit, standard, or expectation. This verb is often used in contexts involving numbers, performance, or achievements. For example: The sales exceeded expectations「売り上げは予想を上回った」(うりあげはよそうをうわまわった). His score surpassed the class average「彼の点数はクラスの平均を上回った」(かれのてんすうはクラスのへいきんをうわまわった). Note that '上回る' is typically used in formal or written contexts and implies a measurable comparison.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5868

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Finger, Middle

Reading

Kanji

中Center 指Finger

Explanation

The Japanese noun '中指 (なかゆび)' refers specifically to the 'middle finger'. It is the third digit of the hand, located between the index finger and the ring finger. This term is used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: I hurt my middle finger「中指を怪我した」(なかゆびをけがした). She pointed with her middle finger「彼女は中指で指した」(かのじょはなかゆびでさした). In some cultures, raising the middle finger can be considered an offensive gesture, but in Japanese, the term itself is neutral and simply refers to the anatomical part.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5869

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unstable

Reading

Kanji

不Not 安Cheap, Relax 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不安定 (ふあんてい)' means 'unstable'. It is used to describe something that lacks stability, whether physically, emotionally, or situationally. For example: the economy is unstable「経済は不安定だ」(けいざいはふあんていだ). Her mood is unstable「彼女の気分は不安定だ」(かのじょのきぶんはふあんていだ). This word can also describe something that is precarious or uncertain, such as an unstable relationship「不安定な関係」(ふあんていなかんけい).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5871

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Capacity

Reading

Kanji

定Determine 員Member

Explanation

The Japanese noun '定員 (ていいん)' refers to the fixed number of people or items that a place, vehicle, or institution can accommodate. It is commonly used in contexts such as seating capacity in theaters, passenger limits in vehicles, or enrollment limits in schools. For example: The bus has a capacity of 50 passengers「バスの定員は50人です」(ばすのていいんはごじゅうにんです). The classroom has a capacity of 30 students「教室の定員は30人です」(きょうしつのていいんはさんじゅうにんです). This term is often seen in public transportation, event planning, and educational settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5872

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reception

Reading

Kanji

受Accept 付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese noun '受け付け (うけつけ)' refers to a reception or front desk, typically in places like offices, hotels, or clinics. It is the area where visitors or clients are greeted and attended to. For example: Please go to the reception「受付に行ってください」(うけつけにいってください). The reception is on the first floor「受付は一階です」(うけつけはいっかいです). This term can also refer to the act of accepting or receiving something, such as applications or forms, but the primary and most common usage is for the physical reception area.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5873

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Undecided

Reading

Kanji

未Not yet 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '未定 (みてい)' means 'undecided' or 'not yet determined'. It is used to describe situations, plans, or decisions that have not been finalized or settled. This word is often used in formal or professional contexts, such as scheduling, planning, or decision-making processes. For example: The date is still undecided「日付はまだ未定です」(ひづけはまだみていです). The venue for the event is undecided「イベントの会場は未定です」(イベントのかいじょうはみていです). It can also be used in casual contexts to express uncertainty, such as: I'm undecided about what to eat「何を食べるか未定です」(なにをたべるかみていです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5877

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Left side

Reading

Kanji

左Left 側Side

Explanation

The Japanese noun '左側 (ひだりがわ)' means 'left side'. It refers to the side of something that is on the left when facing a particular direction. This word is commonly used in everyday situations, such as giving directions or describing the position of objects. For example: The bookstore is on the left side「本屋は左側です」(ほんやはひだりがわです). Please sit on the left side「左側に座ってください」(ひだりがわにすわってください). The word is often used in combination with other nouns to specify location, such as '左側のドア (ひだりがわのドア) (the left-side door)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5880

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Set meal

Reading

Kanji

定Determine 食Eat, Food

Explanation

The Japanese noun '定食 (ていしょく)' refers to a 'set meal' or 'meal set' commonly served in Japanese restaurants. It typically includes a main dish (such as fish, meat, or tofu), rice, miso soup, and a small side dish or pickles. This term is widely used in casual dining settings and is a convenient option for a balanced meal. For example: I ordered a grilled fish set meal「焼き魚の定食を注文しました」(やきさかのていしょくをちゅうもんしました). The lunch set meal comes with miso soup「ランチの定食には味噌汁が付きます」(ランチのていしょくにはみそしるがつきます). The word emphasizes the completeness and fixed nature of the meal, making it a popular choice for quick and satisfying dining.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5882

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Regular holiday

Reading

Kanji

定Determine 休Rest 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '定休日 (ていきゅうび)' means 'regular holiday.' This word is used to refer to the fixed day or period when a business or store is regularly closed, such as a specific day of the week. Example: Today is our regular holiday 「今日は定休日です」 (きょうはていきゅうびです). The store is closed on its regular holiday 「その店は定休日に閉まります」 (そのみせはていきゅうびにしまります). This term is commonly used in contexts related to stores, restaurants, and other businesses that operate on a fixed schedule.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5883

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Forecast

Reading

Kanji

予Beforehand 報Report, News

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '予報 (よほう)' means 'forecast'. It is commonly used to refer to predictions or estimates about future events, particularly in contexts like weather forecasts or economic forecasts. For example: The weather forecast says it will rain tomorrow「天気予報では明日は雨だと言っています」(てんきよほうではあしたはあめだといっています). The economic forecast is optimistic「経済予報は楽観的です」(けいざいよほうはらっかんてきです). This word is often used in formal or technical contexts and is typically paired with specific types of forecasts, such as '天気予報 (てんきよほう)' for weather forecasts or '地震予報 (じしんよほう)' for earthquake predictions.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5884

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Prophecy

Reading

Kanji

予Beforehand 言Say

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '予言 (よげん)' means 'prophecy'. It refers to a prediction or foretelling of future events, often believed to be divinely inspired or based on supernatural insight. This term is commonly used in contexts involving religion, mythology, or speculative fiction. For example: The prophecy came true「予言が実現した」(よげんがじつげんした). He made a prophecy about the end of the world「彼は世界の終わりについて予言した」(かれはせかいのおわりについてよげんした). The nuance of '予言' often implies a sense of inevitability or destiny, distinguishing it from more casual predictions.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5885

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Painting

Reading

Kanji

絵Picture 画Picture

Explanation

The Japanese noun '絵画 (かいが)' refers to 'painting' as an art form. It is used to describe works of art created with paint, typically on canvas or paper. This term is often used in formal or artistic contexts. For example: I like this painting「この絵画が好きです」(このかいががすきです). The museum has many paintings「美術館には多くの絵画があります」(びじゅつかんにはおおくのかいががあります). The word can also refer to the broader category of visual art, but it is most commonly associated with painted works.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5886

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Assistant

Reading

Kanji

助Help 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '助手 (じょしゅ)' means 'assistant'. It refers to someone who provides help or support, often in a professional or academic setting. For example, in a university, a '助手' might assist a professor with research or teaching. In a workplace, it could refer to a junior staff member who supports more senior colleagues. Example sentences: The assistant prepared the documents「助手が書類を準備した」(じょしゅがしょるいをじゅんびした). She works as an assistant at the university「彼女は大学で助手として働いている」(かのじょはだいがくでじょしゅとしてはたらいている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5892

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Obsessed, Captured

Reading

Kanji

捕Catch

Explanation

The Japanese verb '捕らわれる (とらわれる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'captured', referring to being physically caught or seized, often in a literal sense. The second meaning is 'obsessed', referring to being mentally or emotionally caught up in something, such as an idea or emotion. Example sentences: The thief was captured by the police「泥棒は警察に捕らわれた」(どろぼうはけいさつにとらわれた). She is obsessed with her past「彼女は過去に捕らわれている」(かのじょはかこにとらわれている). The verb can be used in both literal and metaphorical contexts, making it versatile in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5895

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bundle

Reading

Kanji

束Bundle, Bind

Explanation

The Japanese noun '束 (たば)' refers to a 'bundle' or a collection of items tied together. It is commonly used to describe things like a bundle of sticks, flowers, or papers. For example: a bundle of flowers「花の束」(はなたば). He gave me a bundle of letters「彼は私に手紙の束をくれた」(かれはわたしにてがみのたばをくれた). The word can also imply a sense of grouping or clustering, often tied or bound in some way.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5897

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bouquet

Reading

Kanji

花Flower 束Bundle, Bind

Explanation

The Japanese noun '花束 (はなたば)' refers to a 'bouquet' of flowers. It is commonly used to describe a collection of flowers arranged together, often given as a gift for special occasions such as weddings, anniversaries, or celebrations. For example: She received a beautiful bouquet「彼女は美しい花束をもらった」(かのじょはうつくしいはなたばをもらった). I bought a bouquet for my mother「母に花束を買った」(ははにはなたばをかった). The word emphasizes the arrangement and presentation of flowers, often tied together or placed in a decorative manner.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5898

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Change

Reading

Kanji

変Change, Abnormal 更Renew, Grow late

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '変更 (へんこう)' means 'change' and refers to the act of altering or modifying something. It is commonly used in formal or technical contexts, such as changing plans, schedules, or settings. For example: I made a change to the schedule「スケジュールを変更しました」(すけじゅーるをへんこうしました). Please change the settings「設定を変更してください」(せっていをへんこうしてください). Note that '変更' is often used with the particle 'を' to indicate the object being changed, as in '変更をする (へんこうをする)' (to make a change).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5899

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Staying up late

Reading

Kanji

夜Night 更Renew, Grow late

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '夜更かし (よふかし)' refers to the act of staying up late at night, often past one's usual bedtime. It is commonly used to describe staying awake late into the night, whether for work, study, entertainment, or other activities. For example: I stayed up late last night「昨夜は夜更かしをした」(さくやはよふかしをした). Staying up late is bad for your health「夜更かしは健康に悪い」(よふかしはけんこうにわるい). This term carries a nuance of staying awake longer than usual, often implying a lack of sleep or a deviation from a regular sleep schedule.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5900

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Increase

Reading

Kanji

増Increase 大Big

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '増大 (ぞうだい)' means 'increase' or 'growth'. It refers to the act or process of becoming larger in size, quantity, or intensity. This word is often used in formal or technical contexts, such as discussing economic growth, population increase, or the escalation of problems. For example: The population increase is a serious issue「人口の増大は深刻な問題です」(じんこうのぞうだいしんこくなもんだいです). The risk of infection is increasing「感染のリスクが増大している」(かんせんのリスクがぞうだいしている). Note that '増大' is typically used in written or formal speech, while '増える (ふえる)' is more common in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5902

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Boarding, Alighting

Reading

Kanji

乗Ride 降Descend, Fall

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '乗り降り (のりおり)' refers to the act of boarding and alighting from a vehicle, such as a train, bus, or car. It is often used in contexts involving transportation. For example: The station is crowded with people boarding and alighting「駅は乗り降りの人で混雑している」(えきはのりおりのひとでこんざつしている). Please be careful when boarding and alighting「乗り降りの際はご注意ください」(のりおりのさいはごちゅういください). This word is commonly seen in transportation-related announcements and signage.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5904

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Existence

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth 在Be, Exist

Explanation

The Japanese noun '実在 (じつざい)' refers to the concept of 'existence' or 'reality'. It is often used in philosophical or abstract contexts to discuss the existence of something in the real world, as opposed to something that is imaginary or theoretical. For example: The existence of ghosts is debated「幽霊の実在は議論されている」(ゆうれいのじつざいはぎろんされている). This theory questions the existence of extraterrestrial life「この理論は地球外生命の実在を問う」(このりろんはちきゅうがいせいめいのじつざいをとう). The word can also be used in more concrete contexts, such as discussing the existence of historical figures or events.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5908

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Appetite

Reading

Kanji

食Eat, Food 欲Desire, Longing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '食欲 (しょくよく)' refers to one's appetite or desire to eat. It is commonly used in contexts related to hunger, eating habits, or health. For example: I have no appetite today「今日は食欲がない」(きょうはしょくよくがない). Her appetite has increased recently「最近、彼女の食欲が増えた」(さいきん、かのじょのしょくよくがふえた). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe a strong desire or craving for something, though this usage is less common. For instance: He has an appetite for adventure「彼は冒険に食欲がある」(かれはぼうけんにしょくよくがある).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5909

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Public opinion

Reading

Kanji

世World, Generation 論Theory, Argument

Explanation

The Japanese noun '世論 (よろん)' refers to 'public opinion'. It is used to describe the collective views or attitudes of the general public on a particular issue or topic. This term is often used in discussions about politics, social issues, and media. For example: Public opinion is divided on this issue「この問題について世論は分かれている」(このもんだいについてよろんはわかれている). The government is paying attention to public opinion「政府は世論に注目している」(せいふはよろんにちゅうもくしている). Note that '世論' can also be read as 'せろん' in some contexts, but 'よろん' is the more common reading.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5914

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suit

Reading

Kanji

適Suitable

Explanation

The Japanese verb '適する (てきする)' means 'to suit' or 'to be suitable'. It is used to describe something that is appropriate or fitting for a particular purpose, situation, or person. This verb is often used in formal or written contexts. For example: This job suits me「この仕事は私に適している」(このしごとはわたしにてきしている). This method is suitable for solving the problem「この方法は問題を解決するのに適している」(このほうほうはもんだいをかいけつするのにてきしている). Note that '適する' is often used in its te-form '適している' to indicate a state of suitability.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5915

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Metropolitan

Reading

Kanji

都Metropolis 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '都立 (とりつ)' refers to something that is established or operated by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government. It is commonly used in the context of institutions such as schools, hospitals, or parks that are managed by the metropolitan authority. For example: a metropolitan high school「都立高校」(とりつこうこう). The metropolitan hospital is large「都立病院は大きい」(とりつびょういんはおおきい). This term is specific to Tokyo and highlights the administrative jurisdiction of the metropolitan government over certain public facilities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5918

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crowded

Reading

Kanji

立Stand 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '立て込む (たてこむ)' means 'to be crowded' or 'to be packed'. It is often used to describe situations where a place is filled with people or things, making it difficult to move or function smoothly. For example: The station is crowded with people「駅が人で立て込んでいる」(えきがひとでたてこんでいる). The schedule is packed with meetings「スケジュールが会議で立て込んでいる」(スケジュールがかいぎでたてこんでいる). This verb can also imply a sense of busyness or being overwhelmed due to the crowdedness or packed nature of the situation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5920

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Foreign affairs

Reading

Kanji

外Outside 務Duty, Task

Explanation

The Japanese noun '外務 (がいむ)' refers to 'foreign affairs' or matters related to international relations. It is commonly used in contexts involving diplomacy, international politics, or external relations of a country. For example: He works in foreign affairs「彼は外務に従事している」(かれはがいむにじゅうじしている). The Ministry of Foreign Affairs is called '外務省 (がいむしょう)' in Japanese. This term is often used in formal or governmental contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5924

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dictionary

Reading

Kanji

辞Word, Resign 書Write

Explanation

The Japanese noun '辞書 (じしょ)' means 'dictionary'. It refers to a book or electronic resource that lists words in a specific language and provides their meanings, pronunciations, or translations. This word is commonly used in academic, professional, and everyday contexts. For example: I bought a new dictionary「新しい辞書を買いました」(あたらしいじしょをかいました). Please look it up in the dictionary「辞書で調べてください」(じしょでしらべてください). The term can also refer to digital dictionaries or apps used for language learning.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5927

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Precedent

Reading

Kanji

判Judge, Stamp 例Example

Explanation

The Japanese noun '判例 (はんれい)' refers to a legal precedent, which is a past judicial decision that serves as a reference for deciding similar cases in the future. This term is commonly used in legal contexts, such as in courts or legal discussions, to refer to previous rulings that can influence or guide current judgments. For example: This case follows a precedent「この事件は判例に従っている」(このじけんははんれいにしたがっている). The judge referred to a precedent「裁判官は判例を参照した」(さいばんかんははんれいをさんしょうした). It's important to note that '判例' is a formal term and is typically used in professional or academic settings related to law.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5929

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cross, Surpass

Reading

Kanji

越Go across, Go beyond

Explanation

The Japanese verb '越す (こす)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to cross', as in physically moving from one side to another, such as crossing a river or a border. For example: we crossed the river「川を越した」(かわをこした). The second meaning is 'to surpass' or 'to exceed', often used in contexts involving limits, expectations, or time. For example: he surpassed his limits「彼は限界を越した」(かれはげんかいをこした). This verb is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. Note that the kanji 越 is often associated with the idea of going beyond or transcending something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5932

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sitting

Reading

Kanji

着Arrive, Wear 席Seat

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '着席 (ちゃくせき)' refers to the act of sitting down or taking a seat. It is commonly used in formal or structured settings, such as meetings, classrooms, or ceremonies, to indicate that someone should sit down. For example: Please take your seats「着席してください」(ちゃくせきしてください). The students sat down when the teacher entered「先生が入ると、生徒たちは着席した」(せんせいがはいると、せいとたちはちゃくせきした). This term is often used in announcements or instructions to ensure order and readiness in a group setting.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5935

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

One after another

Reading

Kanji

次Next

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '次々に (つぎつぎに)' means 'one after another' or 'in succession.' It is used to describe events or actions that happen in rapid succession without pause. This adverb is often used to convey a sense of continuity or flow. Example: New students kept arriving one after another 「新しい学生が次々に到着した」 (あたらしいがくせいがつぎつぎにとうちゃくした). The flowers bloomed in succession 「花が次々に咲いた」 (はながつぎつぎにさいた). This adverb can be used in various contexts, including describing events, actions, or occurrences.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5936

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relay

Reading

Kanji

取Take 次Next

Explanation

The Japanese verb '取り次ぐ (とりつぐ)' means 'to relay' or 'to pass on'. It is commonly used in situations where someone acts as an intermediary to convey messages, requests, or information between two parties. For example: I will relay your message to the manager「あなたのメッセージをマネージャーに取り次ぎます」(あなたのメッセージをマネージャーにとりつぎます). The secretary relayed the call to the director「秘書が電話を社長に取り次いだ」(ひしょがでんわをしゃちょうにとりついだ). This verb is often used in formal or business contexts, emphasizing the role of the intermediary.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5937

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Index, Table of contents

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 次Next

Explanation

The Japanese noun '目次 (もくじ)' refers to an 'index' or 'table of contents'. It is commonly used in books, documents, or any written material to list the sections, chapters, or topics along with their corresponding page numbers. This helps readers navigate the content easily. For example: The table of contents is at the beginning of the book「目次は本の最初にあります」(もくじはほんのさいしょにあります). Please check the index for more details「詳細は目次を確認してください」(しょうさいはもくじをかくにんしてください). Note that '目次' is often used interchangeably to refer to both an index and a table of contents, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5938

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pitiful

Reading

Kanji

情Feeling, Emotion

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '情けない (なさけない)' primarily conveys a sense of pity, disappointment, or frustration, often directed at oneself or others due to a lack of effort, competence, or dignity. It can describe situations, actions, or people that evoke a feeling of sadness or regret. For example: his attitude is pitiful「彼の態度は情けない」(かれのたいどはなさけない). I feel pitiful for not studying harder「もっと勉強しなかった自分が情けない」(もっとべんきょうしなかったじぶんがなさけない). This word is often used in contexts where there is a sense of letdown or failure, emphasizing a lack of resolve or dignity.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5942

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Express

Reading

Kanji

速Quick 達Attain, Plural 便Convenience

Explanation

The Japanese noun '速達便 (そくたつびん)' refers to an 'express' or 'express delivery' service, typically used for mail or packages that need to be delivered quickly. This term is commonly used in postal and courier services to indicate a faster delivery option compared to standard services. For example: I sent the document by express mail「書類を速達便で送りました」(しょるいをそくたつびんでおくりました). The express delivery arrived earlier than expected「速達便は予想より早く届きました」(そくたつびんはよそうよりはやくとどきました). This service is often chosen when time is a critical factor.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5951

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Miss

Reading

Kanji

乗Ride 遅Slow, Late

Explanation

The Japanese verb '乗り遅れる (のりおくれる)' means 'to miss' in the context of missing a vehicle, such as a train, bus, or plane. It is often used when someone fails to board a vehicle before it departs. For example: I missed the train「電車に乗り遅れた」(でんしゃにのりおくれた). He missed the bus because he overslept「彼は寝坊してバスに乗り遅れた」(かれはねぼうしてバスにのりおくれた). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe missing out on opportunities or trends, such as '乗り遅れるな (のりおくれるな) (don't miss out)'. The nuance here is about failing to catch something in time, whether it's a physical vehicle or an abstract opportunity.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5952

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Scenery

Reading

Kanji

景Scene 色Color

Explanation

The Japanese noun '景色 (けしき)' refers to the natural scenery or landscape that one can see, such as mountains, rivers, or fields. It is often used to describe the beauty of nature or the view from a particular location. For example: The scenery from the mountain was breathtaking「山からの景色は息をのむほど美しかった」(やまからのけしきはいきをのむほどうつくしかった). I want to see the scenery of the countryside「田舎の景色を見たい」(いなかのけしきをみたい). This word is commonly used in travel contexts or when appreciating the beauty of nature.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5960

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deepen

Reading

Kanji

深Deep

Explanation

The Japanese verb '深める (ふかめる)' means 'to deepen'. It is used to describe the act of making something deeper, whether it be a physical depth, a relationship, knowledge, or understanding. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as deepening a friendship, deepening one's knowledge on a subject, or even deepening a hole. For example: I want to deepen my understanding of Japanese culture「日本の文化への理解を深めたい」(にほんのぶんかへのりかいをふかめたい). They are working to deepen their relationship「彼らは関係を深めようとしている」(かれらはかんけいをふかめようとしている). The verb is often used in both literal and metaphorical senses, making it versatile in conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5965

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bear fruit

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth

Explanation

The Japanese verb '実る (みのる)' means 'to bear fruit' or 'to yield results'. It is often used to describe the process of plants producing fruit, but it can also be used metaphorically to describe efforts or plans coming to fruition. For example: the apple tree bore fruit「リンゴの木が実った」(りんごのきがみのった). His hard work finally bore fruit「彼の努力がついに実った」(かれのどりょくがついにみのった). This verb is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts, emphasizing the culmination of a process.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5966

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pass

Reading

Kanji

通Commute, Pass 過Exceed, Error

Explanation

The Japanese verb '通り過ぎる (とおりすぎる)' means 'to pass by' or 'to go past'. It is used to describe the action of moving past a certain point or location without stopping. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as passing by a place, a person, or even time. For example: The train passed by the station「電車が駅を通り過ぎた」(でんしゃがえきをとおりすぎた). Time passes by quickly「時間が通り過ぎるのが早い」(じかんがとおりすぎるのがはやい). The nuance of this verb often implies that the subject is moving beyond something without lingering or stopping.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5967

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Awaken

Reading

Kanji

覚Remember, Awake

Explanation

The Japanese verb '覚める (さめる)' primarily means 'to awaken' or 'to wake up'. It is used to describe the act of waking up from sleep, but it can also be used metaphorically to describe becoming aware of something or snapping out of a state of illusion or ignorance. For example: I woke up early「私は早く覚めた」(わたしははやくさめた). He finally woke up to the reality「彼はついに現実に覚めた」(かれはついにげんじつにさめた). This verb is often used in contexts where someone becomes conscious or aware, either literally or figuratively.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5976

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Development

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 達Attain, Plural

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発達 (はったつ)' refers to the process of growth, advancement, or development. It is commonly used to describe the development of physical, mental, or social abilities, as well as the progress of systems, technologies, or societies. For example: The development of technology is remarkable「技術の発達は目覚ましい」(ぎじゅつのはったつはめざましい). Children's language development varies「子供の言語発達は様々です」(こどものげんごはったつはさまざまです). This word is often used in formal or academic contexts to discuss progress or improvement over time.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5978

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Power plant

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 電Electricity 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '発電所 (はつでんしょ)' refers to a 'power plant' or 'power station', a facility where electricity is generated. This term is commonly used in discussions about energy production, including various types of power plants such as nuclear, hydroelectric, and thermal. For example: The power plant supplies electricity to the city「発電所は都市に電気を供給する」(はつでんしょはとしにでんきをきょうきゅうする). They are building a new power plant near the river「彼らは川の近くに新しい発電所を建設している」(かれらはかわのちかくにあたらしいはつでんしょをけんせつしている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5981

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fever

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 熱Heat, Temperature

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発熱 (はつねつ)' refers to the state of having a fever or the act of generating heat. It is commonly used in medical contexts to describe a rise in body temperature due to illness. For example: I have a fever「私は発熱しています」(わたしははつねつしています). The machine generates heat「その機械は発熱する」(そのきかいははつねつする). Note that this word can also be used in technical contexts to describe heat generation in devices or systems.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5982

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dangerous, Uncertain

Reading

Kanji

危Dangerous

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '危うい (あやうい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'dangerous', referring to something that poses a risk or threat. The second is 'uncertain', describing a situation or outcome that is not guaranteed or is precarious. This word is often used in contexts where there is a sense of instability or potential harm. For example: The bridge looks dangerous「その橋は危うい」(そのはしはあやうい). His plan seems uncertain「彼の計画は危うい」(かれのけいかくはあやうい). The nuance of '危うい' often conveys a sense of being on the edge or close to failure, making it a versatile word for describing both physical and abstract situations.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5983

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mistake

Reading

Kanji

誤Mistake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '誤り (あやまり)' means 'mistake' or 'error'. It refers to an incorrect action, decision, or judgment. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to describe errors in reasoning, calculations, or behavior. For example: I realized my mistake「私は誤りに気づいた」(わたしはあやまりにきづいた). Correcting mistakes is important「誤りを直すことは大切だ」(あやまりをなおすことはたいせつだ). The word can also be used in compound phrases like '誤りを犯す (あやまりをおかす)' (to make a mistake).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5984

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Front

Reading

Kanji

先Before, Previous 頭Head

Explanation

The Japanese noun '先頭 (せんとう)' means 'front' or 'head' and refers to the foremost part or position of something, such as a line, group, or procession. It is often used to describe the leading position in a physical or metaphorical sense. For example: He is at the front of the line「彼は列の先頭にいます」(かれはれつのせんとうにいます). The team leader is at the head of the group「チームリーダーはグループの先頭にいます」(チームリーダーはグループのせんとうにいます). This word can also be used in contexts like races, marches, or any situation where order or position matters.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5987

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Confrontation

Reading

Kanji

直Straight, Repair 面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '直面 (ちょくめん)' refers to a situation where one directly faces or confronts something, often a challenge, problem, or reality. It is commonly used in contexts where someone must deal with a difficult or unavoidable situation head-on. For example: he faced the problem directly「彼は問題に直面した」(かれはもんだいにちょくめんした). The company is confronting a crisis「その会社は危機に直面している」(そのかいしゃはききにちょくめんしている). This word emphasizes the directness and immediacy of the situation being faced.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5988

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Medicine, Chemical

Reading

Kanji

薬Medicine 品Product

Explanation

The Japanese noun '薬品 (やくひん)' can refer to either 'medicine' or 'chemical', depending on the context. When used in a medical or pharmaceutical context, it typically means 'medicine' or 'pharmaceutical product'. For example: this medicine is effective「この薬品は効果的です」(このやくひんはこうかてきです). In a scientific or industrial context, it often refers to 'chemicals'. For example: handle these chemicals with care「これらの薬品は注意して扱ってください」(これらのやくひんはちゅういしてあつかってください). The word is commonly used in both everyday and technical settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5998

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pharmacy

Reading

Kanji

薬Medicine 局Bureau

Explanation

The Japanese noun '薬局 (やっきょく)' refers to a 'pharmacy' or 'drugstore', a place where medicines are dispensed and sold. It is commonly used to describe a store or facility where you can purchase prescription and over-the-counter medications, as well as health-related products. For example: I bought medicine at the pharmacy「薬局で薬を買いました」(やっきょくでくすりをかいました). The pharmacy is closed today「薬局は今日閉まっています」(やっきょくはきょうしまっています). In Japan, 薬局 often also provides consultation services related to medications.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5999

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Eye drops

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 薬Medicine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '目薬 (めぐすり)' refers to 'eyedrops', a liquid medication used to treat or soothe eye conditions such as dryness, irritation, or infections. It is commonly used in daily life, especially by people who spend long hours in front of screens or have eye-related health issues. For example: I use eyedrops every day「毎日目薬を使います」(まいにちめぐすりをつかいます). These eyedrops are very effective「この目薬はとても効果的です」(このめぐすりはとてもこうかてきです). The word is often associated with health and self-care contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6000

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Demand, Desire

Reading

Kanji

欲Desire, Longing 求Request, Seek

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '欲求 (よっきゅう)' primarily means 'desire' or 'demand'. It refers to a strong feeling of wanting something or needing something. This word is often used in psychological or formal contexts to describe innate or instinctual desires, such as basic human needs. For example: His desire for success is strong「彼の成功への欲求は強い」(かれのせいこうへのよっきゅうはつよい). The demand for the product increased「その製品への欲求が高まった」(そのせいひんへのよっきゅうがたかまった). Note that while 'desire' is more emotional or personal, 'demand' can imply a more practical or market-driven need.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6001

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Window, Counter

Reading

Kanji

窓Window 口Mouth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '窓口 (まどぐち)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning refers to a physical 'window', such as a window in a building or vehicle. The second meaning refers to a 'counter' or service desk, often found in places like banks, post offices, or ticket offices, where transactions or inquiries are handled. For example: Please go to the counter for assistance「窓口でお尋ねください」(まどぐちでおたずねください). The window is open「窓口が開いています」(まどぐちがあいています). The word is commonly used in both literal and service-related contexts, making it versatile in everyday Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6006

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Aspect

Reading

Kanji

半Half 面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '半面 (はんめん)' means 'aspect' or 'one side' of something. It is often used to describe a particular perspective, facet, or side of a situation, object, or concept. For example: This is just one aspect of the problem「これは問題の半面に過ぎない」(これはもんだいのはんめんにすぎない). He showed a different aspect of his personality「彼は性格の半面を見せた」(かれはせいかくのはんめんをみせた). The word can also imply that there is more to the situation or object than what is being discussed, suggesting that other aspects exist.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6008

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Aim, Reliance

Reading

Kanji

当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '当て (あて)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'aim', referring to a target or goal one is striving to achieve. For example: He has no clear aim in life「彼には人生の当てがない」(かれにはじんせいのあてがない). The second meaning is 'reliance', indicating dependence on someone or something for support or assistance. For example: I rely on my friend for help「私は友達を当てにしている」(わたしはともだちをあてにしている). The word can also be used in compound words, such as '当て字 (あてじ)', which refers to kanji characters used phonetically rather than for their meaning.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6009

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Raw material

Reading

Kanji

原Meadow, Original 料Materials, Fee

Explanation

The Japanese noun '原料 (げんりょう)' refers to 'raw material'. This term is used to describe the basic material from which a product is made. It is commonly used in contexts related to manufacturing, cooking, and production processes. For example: This product is made from natural raw materials「この製品は天然原料から作られています」(このせいひんはてんねんげんりょうからつくられています). The factory imports raw materials from overseas「その工場は海外から原料を輸入しています」(そのこうじょうはかいがいからげんりょうをゆにゅうしています). The word emphasizes the unprocessed or basic state of the material before it is transformed into a finished product.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6013

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Midst

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 最Most 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese noun '真っ最中 (まっさいちゅう)' refers to being in the very middle or peak of an event, activity, or situation. It emphasizes the intensity or focus of the moment. For example: We are in the midst of a meeting「会議の真っ最中です」(かいぎのまっさいちゅうです). The festival is in full swing「祭りの真っ最中だ」(まつりのまっさいちゅうだ). This word is often used to describe ongoing situations where something is actively happening.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6022

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rectangle

Reading

Kanji

長Long, Leader 方Direction 形Shape

Explanation

The Japanese noun '長方形 (ちょうほうけい)' means 'rectangle'. It refers to a four-sided shape with four right angles, where opposite sides are equal in length. This term is commonly used in geometry, design, and everyday contexts to describe rectangular objects. For example: The table is a rectangle「そのテーブルは長方形です」(そのテーブルはちょうほうけいです). Draw a rectangle「長方形を描いてください」(ちょうほうけいをかいてください). The word is a combination of '長' (long) and '方形' (square shape), emphasizing its elongated square-like form.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6028

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Terrain

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 形Shape

Explanation

The Japanese noun '地形 (ちけい)' refers to the physical features of a landscape or the natural shape of the land. It is commonly used in geography, geology, and everyday conversation to describe the characteristics of an area, such as mountains, valleys, or plains. For example: The terrain of this area is rugged「この地域の地形は険しい」(このちいきのちけいはけわしい). Understanding the terrain is important for hiking「地形を理解することはハイキングに重要です」(ちけいをりかいすることはハイキングにじゅうようです). This word is neutral and can be used in both technical and casual contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6029

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hundreds

Reading

Kanji

数Number 百Hundred

Explanation

The Japanese noun '数百 (すうひゃく)' means 'hundreds'. It is used to indicate an approximate quantity in the hundreds, often when the exact number is not specified or is not important. This term is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: hundreds of people attended the event「数百人がイベントに参加した」(すうひゃくにんがイベントにさんかした). There are hundreds of books in the library「図書館には数百冊の本がある」(としょかんにはすうひゃくさつのほんがある). Note that '数百' is often followed by a counter or a noun to specify what is being counted, such as '数百人 (すうひゃくにん)' (hundreds of people) or '数百冊 (すうひゃくさつ)' (hundreds of books).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6031

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Source, Seed

Reading

Kanji

種Kind, Variety

Explanation

The Japanese noun '種 (たね)' primarily means 'seed', referring to the small, hard part of a plant from which a new plant grows. It can also mean 'source' or 'origin', referring to the beginning or cause of something. For example: plant the seeds「種をまく」(たねをまく). The source of the problem「問題の種」(もんだいのたね). This word is versatile and can be used in both literal and metaphorical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6035

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Appropriate, Fair

Reading

Kanji

適Suitable 正Correct

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '適正 (てきせい)' can mean 'appropriate' or 'fair', depending on the context. When used to mean 'appropriate', it refers to something being suitable or fitting for a particular situation or purpose. For example: The price is appropriate「価格は適正です」(かかくはてきせいです). When used to mean 'fair', it refers to something being just or equitable. For example: The decision was fair「その決定は適正だった」(そのけっていはてきせいだった). This word is often used in formal or professional contexts, such as in discussions about pricing, regulations, or decisions.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6037

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recover

Reading

Kanji

立Stand 直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese verb '立ち直る (たちなおる)' means 'to recover' or 'to bounce back'. It is used to describe the process of regaining one's composure, recovering from a setback, or returning to a normal state after experiencing difficulty or adversity. This verb is often used in contexts involving emotional, physical, or situational recovery. For example: He recovered from his illness「彼は病気から立ち直った」(かれはびょうきからたちなおった). She bounced back after the failure「彼女は失敗から立ち直った」(かのじょはしっぱいからたちなおった). The company recovered from the crisis「会社は危機から立ち直った」(かいしゃはききからたちなおった). The verb emphasizes resilience and the ability to overcome challenges.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6042

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Redo

Reading

Kanji

直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'やり直し (やりなおし)' means 'redo'. It refers to the act of doing something again, often to correct mistakes or improve the outcome. This word is commonly used in contexts where a task, process, or action needs to be repeated for better results. For example: I will redo my homework「宿題をやり直します」(しゅくだいをやりなおします). The project requires a redo「プロジェクトはやり直しが必要です」(プロジェクトはやりなおしがひつようです). It can also imply a fresh start or a second chance in certain situations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6043

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Redo

Reading

Kanji

直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'やり直す (やりなおす)' means 'to redo' or 'to start over'. It is used when someone wants to do something again, often because the first attempt was unsatisfactory or incomplete. This verb can be applied to various contexts, such as work, studies, or personal projects. For example: I will redo my homework「宿題をやり直します」(しゅくだいをやりなおします). Let's start over from the beginning「最初からやり直しましょう」(さいしょからやりなおしましょう). The verb emphasizes the act of doing something again to achieve a better result.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6044

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Direct

Reading

Kanji

直Straight, Repair 通Commute, Pass

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '直通 (ちょくつう)' means 'direct' and is used to describe something that goes straight from one point to another without stopping or changing. It is often used in the context of transportation, communication, or services. For example: This train goes directly to Tokyo「この電車は東京に直通です」(このでんしゃはとうきょうにちょくつうです). The phone line is direct「その電話回線は直通です」(そのでんわかいせんはちょくつうです). It can also be used metaphorically, such as in 'direct communication' or 'direct connection'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6045

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Investigation

Reading

Kanji

調Investigate, Tune

Explanation

The Japanese noun '調べ (しらべ)' primarily means 'investigation' or 'inquiry'. It refers to the act of examining or researching something thoroughly to uncover facts or details. This word is often used in formal or official contexts, such as police investigations or academic research. For example: The police are conducting an investigation「警察が調べを進めています」(けいさつがしらべをすすめています). I need to do some research on this topic「このテーマについて調べが必要です」(このテーマについてしらべがひつようです). Additionally, '調べ' can also refer to a musical 'tune' or 'melody', but this usage is less common and context-dependent.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6047

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bestow

Reading

Kanji

給Supply, Salary

Explanation

The Japanese verb '給う (たまう)' is a classical and respectful term meaning 'to bestow' or 'to grant'. It is often used in formal or archaic contexts, particularly in historical or literary settings, to indicate that someone of higher status is granting something to someone of lower status. For example: The emperor bestowed a title upon him「天皇が彼に称号を給う」(てんのうがかれにしょうごうをたまう). This verb is rarely used in modern conversational Japanese but may appear in traditional ceremonies, historical dramas, or literature. It carries a sense of reverence and formality.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6051

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Belief

Reading

Kanji

信Trust 念Thought

Explanation

The Japanese noun '信念 (しんねん)' means 'belief' or 'conviction'. It refers to a strong, firmly held belief or principle that guides one's actions or decisions. This word is often used in contexts where someone has unwavering faith in an idea, philosophy, or moral stance. For example: His belief never wavered「彼の信念は揺るがなかった」(かれのしんねんはゆるがなかった). She acted based on her beliefs「彼女は信念に基づいて行動した」(かのじょはしんねんにもとづいてこうどうした). The word carries a sense of steadfastness and is commonly used in both personal and philosophical discussions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6059

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Blame

Reading

Kanji

責Blame, Liability

Explanation

The Japanese verb '責める (せめる)' means 'to blame' or 'to criticize'. It is used when someone holds another person responsible for a mistake, fault, or wrongdoing. This verb can also carry a nuance of reproach or scolding, often implying a moral or emotional weight. For example: He blamed me for the failure「彼は私を失敗のせいに責めた」(かれはわたしをしっぱいのせいにせめた). She criticized him harshly「彼女は彼を厳しく責めた」(かのじょはかれをきびしくせめた). Note that this verb is often used in contexts where there is a sense of guilt or responsibility involved.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6063

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Together

Reading

Kanji

共Together

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '共に (ともに)' means 'together'. It is used to indicate that two or more people or things are doing something jointly or simultaneously. It can also imply a sense of shared experience or mutual involvement. For example: we will grow old together「私たちは共に年老いていく」(わたしたちはともにとしをとっていく). They fought together against the enemy「彼らは共に敵と戦った」(かれらはともにてきとたたかった). The word can also carry a nuance of unity or solidarity, as in '共に生きる (ともにいきる) (to live together in harmony)'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6071

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sympathy

Reading

Kanji

同Same 情Feeling, Emotion

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '同情 (どうじょう)' means 'sympathy'. It refers to the feeling of understanding and sharing the emotions or suffering of another person. This word is often used in contexts where one expresses compassion or empathy towards someone else's difficult situation. For example: I feel sympathy for her「彼女に同情する」(かのじょにどうじょうする). He showed sympathy for the victims「彼は被害者たちに同情を示した」(かれはひがいしゃたちにどうじょうをしめした). Note that '同情' can also be used in phrases like '同情を引く (どうじょうをひく)', which means 'to evoke sympathy'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6072

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Audience

Reading

Kanji

観View 客Guest, Customer

Explanation

The Japanese noun '観客 (かんきゃく)' refers to the 'audience' or 'spectators' who watch a performance, event, or show. It is commonly used in contexts such as theater, concerts, sports, or any public gathering where people observe an activity. For example: The audience applauded loudly「観客は大きな拍手を送った」(かんきゃくはおおきなはくしゅをおくった). The spectators were excited about the game「観客は試合に興奮していた」(かんきゃくはしあいにはしゃくしていた). This word emphasizes the collective group of people watching rather than individuals.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6073

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Way

Reading

Kanji

途Way, Route 上Up

Explanation

The Japanese noun '途上 (とじょう)' refers to the 'way' or 'path' in the sense of being in the process of reaching a destination or goal. It is often used to describe something that is ongoing or in progress. For example: on the way to the station「駅への途上」(えきへのとじょう). The project is still on the way「プロジェクトはまだ途上だ」(プロジェクトはまだとじょうだ). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe the journey towards achieving a goal or completing a task.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6077

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fingertip

Reading

Kanji

指Finger 先Before, Previous

Explanation

The Japanese noun '指先 (ゆびさき)' refers to the very end of a finger, specifically the 'fingertip'. It is commonly used to describe the part of the finger that is most sensitive and often used for touching or manipulating objects. For example: I touched it with my fingertip「指先で触りました」(ゆびさきでさわりました). The artist painted with her fingertips「その芸術家は指先で絵を描きました」(そのげいじゅつかはゆびさきでえをかきました). This word is often used in contexts involving fine motor skills, sensation, or delicate tasks.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6078

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bend, Break

Reading

Kanji

折Bend, Fold

Explanation

The Japanese verb '折れる (おれる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to break', typically referring to something snapping or breaking off, such as a branch or a bone. For example: the branch broke「枝が折れた」(えだがおれた). The second meaning is 'to bend', often implying flexibility or yielding, such as bending under pressure or bending one's will. For example: he bent under the pressure「彼はプレッシャーに折れた」(かれはぷれっしゃーにおれた). This verb can also be used metaphorically, such as yielding in an argument or compromising. For example: she finally gave in「彼女はついに折れた」(かのじょはついにおれた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6080

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Same sex

Reading

Kanji

同Same 性Gender, Sex

Explanation

The Japanese noun '同性 (どうせい)' means 'same-sex'. It is used to refer to people of the same gender or sex. This term is often used in contexts related to relationships, communities, or discussions about gender. For example: They are in a same-sex relationship「彼らは同性の関係です」(かれらはどうせいのかんけいです). The event is for same-sex couples only「そのイベントは同性のカップルのみです」(そのイベントはどうせいのかっぷるのみです). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as '同性愛 (どうせいあい)' meaning 'homosexuality'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6082

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Certain

Reading

Kanji

違Differ, Different

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '違いない (ちがいない)' means 'certain' or 'without a doubt'. It is used to express strong confidence or conviction about something being true or accurate. This phrase is often used at the end of a sentence to emphasize certainty. For example: He is definitely coming「彼は来るに違いない」(かれはくるにちがいない). This must be the right answer「これが正しい答えに違いない」(これがただしいこたえにちがいない). The nuance here is that the speaker is almost entirely sure of the statement being made.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6083

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mistaken identity

Reading

Kanji

人Person 違Differ, Different

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '人違い (ひとちがい)' refers to the act of mistaking one person for another. It is commonly used when someone incorrectly identifies or confuses another person, often leading to awkward or humorous situations. For example: I mistook you for someone else「あなたを人違いしました」(あなたをひとちがいしました). He often mistakes people「彼はよく人違いをする」(かれはよくひとちがいをする). This term is particularly useful in social contexts where recognizing individuals is important, such as in crowded places or at events.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6084

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mistake, Fail to recognize

Reading

Kanji

見See 違Differ, Different

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見違える (みちがえる)' means 'to mistake' or 'to fail to recognize'. It is used when someone does not recognize or misidentifies something or someone, often due to a significant change in appearance or context. For example: I mistook him for someone else「彼を見違えた」(かれをみちがえた). She failed to recognize her old friend「彼女は昔の友達を見違えた」(かのじょはむかしのともだちをみちがえた). This verb is often used in situations where the change is so drastic that it leads to confusion or misidentification.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6085

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Imitate

Reading

Kanji

似Resemble

Explanation

The Japanese verb '似せる (にせる)' means 'to imitate' or 'to make something resemble something else'. It is often used when someone intentionally makes one thing look or act like another. For example: She imitated her teacher's voice「彼女は先生の声に似せた」(かのじょはせんせいのこえににせた). He made the painting resemble a famous artwork「彼はその絵を有名な芸術作品に似せた」(かれはそのえをゆうめいなげいじゅつさくひんににせた). This verb can also be used in contexts where something is designed or altered to mimic another thing, such as in fashion, art, or behavior.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6087

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting