言Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Kanji School Grade

word

Meaning

Tag

Reading

Kanji

札Tag, Bill

Explanation

The Japanese noun '札 (ふだ)' primarily refers to a 'tag' or 'label'. It is commonly used to describe small pieces of paper, wood, or other materials that are attached to objects to provide information, such as price tags, name tags, or labels. For example: The price tag is on the shirt「シャツに札がついている」(シャツにふだがついている). Please write your name on the name tag「名札に名前を書いてください」(なふだになまえをかいてください). Additionally, '札' can also refer to paper money or bills, but this usage is less common in everyday conversation and more specific to contexts involving currency.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4431

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Training

Reading

Kanji

練Practice 訓Instruction

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '訓練 (くんれん)' refers to 'training' or 'drill'. It is commonly used to describe the process of teaching or learning a particular skill or behavior through practice and instruction. This term is often used in contexts such as military training, sports training, or professional skill development. For example: He underwent rigorous training「彼は厳しい訓練を受けた」(かれはきびしいくんれんをうけた). The soldiers are in training「兵士たちは訓練中です」(へいしたちはくんれんちゅうです). It can also be used metaphorically to describe mental or emotional preparation, such as 'training one's mind'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4435

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kunyomi

Reading

Kanji

訓Instruction 読Read

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '訓読み (くんよみ)' refers to the Japanese reading of a kanji character, as opposed to the Chinese-derived '音読み (おんよみ)'. This reading is typically used when the kanji stands alone or is part of native Japanese words. For example: the kunyomi of 山 is 'やま'「山の訓読みは「やま」です」(やまのくんよみは「やま」です). Another example: I learned the kunyomi of this kanji「この漢字の訓読みを覚えました」(このかんじのくんよみをおぼえました). Understanding kunyomi is essential for reading and comprehending native Japanese vocabulary.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4437

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Think of

Reading

Kanji

思Think 付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '思い付く (おもいつく)' means 'to think of' or suddenly come up with an idea. It is used when someone has a sudden realization or idea, often unexpectedly. For example: I just thought of a good idea 「いいアイデアを思い付いた」 (いいアイデアをおもいついた). He suddenly thought of a solution 「彼は解決策を思い付いた」 (かれはかいけつさくをおもいついた). This verb is commonly used in contexts where creativity or problem-solving is involved, and it implies a sense of spontaneity.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4441

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hosting

Reading

Kanji

司Director 会Meet

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '司会 (しかい)' refers to the act of hosting or presiding over an event, such as a meeting, ceremony, or TV show. It is commonly used to describe the role of a person who guides the flow of an event, introduces speakers, and ensures the event runs smoothly. For example: She is hosting the event「彼女は司会をしています」(かのじょはしかいをしています). He was the host of the conference「彼は会議の司会を務めました」(かれはかいぎのしかいをつとめました). The term emphasizes the responsibility and leadership involved in managing an event.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4447

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Help

Reading

Kanji

伝Transmit 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'お手伝い (おてつだい)' means 'help' or 'assistance'. It is a polite form often used to refer to helping someone with a task or chore. This term is commonly used in domestic or work settings, and it carries a respectful tone due to the honorific prefix 'お'. For example: I will help with the housework「家事のお手伝いをします」(かじのおてつだいをします). She is helping her mother「彼女はお母さんのお手伝いをしています」(かのじょはおかあさんのおてつだいをしています). The term can also refer to a person who provides help, such as a domestic helper or assistant.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4459

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Consideration

Reading

Kanji

考Think, Consider 察Guess

Explanation

The Japanese noun '考察 (こうさつ)' means 'consideration' or 'examination'. It refers to the act of carefully thinking about or analyzing something, often in a formal or academic context. This word is commonly used in discussions, research, or when evaluating ideas. For example: careful consideration of the problem「問題の考察」(もんだいのこうさつ). The professor's examination of the theory was thorough「教授の理論の考察は徹底的だった」(きょうじゅのりろんのこうさつはてっていてきだった). Note that '考察' is often used in written or formal contexts rather than casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4498

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kind, Type

Reading

Kanji

類Kind, Type

Explanation

The Japanese noun '類い (たぐい)' refers to a 'kind' or 'type' of something, often used to categorize or group similar things together. It can also imply a comparison, suggesting that something is of the same kind or level as another. For example: This is a rare kind of flower「これは類い稀な花だ」(これはたぐいまれなはなだ). He is not of the same type as the others「彼は他の人とは類いが違う」(かれはほかのひととはたぐいがちがう). The word can carry a nuance of rarity or uniqueness when used in certain contexts, such as '類い稀 (たぐいまれ)', meaning 'rare' or 'uncommon'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4520

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Desirable

Reading

Kanji

望Hope, Ambition

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '望ましい (のぞましい)' means 'desirable' or 'preferable'. It is used to describe something that is considered favorable, ideal, or worth aiming for. This word often carries a nuance of something being socially or morally appropriate, rather than just personally preferred. For example: It is desirable to arrive on time「時間通りに到着するのが望ましい」(じかんどおりにとうちゃくするのがのぞましい). A calm response is desirable in such situations「そのような状況では落ち着いた対応が望ましい」(そのようなじょうきょうではおちついたたいおうがのぞましい). The word is commonly used in formal or written contexts, such as guidelines, recommendations, or advice.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4525

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shipping

Reading

Kanji

送Send 料Materials, Fee

Explanation

The Japanese noun '送料 (そうりょう)' refers to the cost or fee associated with shipping or delivering goods. It is commonly used in contexts related to online shopping, mail services, or logistics. For example: The shipping fee is 500 yen「送料は500円です」(そうりょうはごひゃくえんです). Free shipping on orders over 10,000 yen「1万円以上の注文は送料無料です」(いちまんえんいじょうのちゅうもんはそうりょうむりょうです). This term is essential when discussing e-commerce or sending packages, as it specifies the additional cost for delivery services.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4528

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Management, Conclusion

Reading

Kanji

始Begin 末End

Explanation

The Japanese noun '始末 (しまつ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'management', referring to the handling or dealing with a situation, often implying careful or efficient handling. For example: He is good at managing household affairs「彼は家事の始末が上手だ」(かれはかじのしまつがじょうずだ). The second meaning is 'conclusion' or 'end result', often used to describe the outcome or resolution of a situation. For example: This is the result of his carelessness「これが彼の不注意の始末だ」(これがかれのふちゅういのしまつだ). The word can carry a nuance of finality or responsibility, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4561

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Manager

Reading

Kanji

長Long, Leader 課Section, Lesson

Explanation

The Japanese noun '課長 (かちょう)' refers to a 'section manager' or 'department manager' in a company or organization. This is a mid-level managerial position, typically overseeing a specific section or department. The term is commonly used in business settings and reflects the hierarchical structure of Japanese workplaces. For example: The manager is busy「課長は忙しい」(かちょうはいそがしい). I reported to the manager「課長に報告した」(かちょうにほうこくした). The term '課長' is often preceded by the name of the department, such as '営業課長 (えいぎょうかちょう)' (sales manager).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4576

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nature

Reading

Kanji

天Heaven 然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese noun '天然 (てんねん)' primarily means 'nature' or 'natural'. It refers to things that exist or occur in the natural world, without human intervention. This term can also be used to describe someone who is naturally talented or has an innate quality. For example: This park is full of natural beauty「この公園は天然の美しさに満ちている」(このこうえんはてんねんのうつくしさにみちている). She has a natural talent for singing「彼女は歌うことが天然の才能だ」(かのじょはうたうことがてんねんのさいのうだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4593

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Legend

Reading

Kanji

伝Transmit 説Theory, Explanation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '伝説 (でんせつ)' means 'legend'. It refers to a traditional story or myth that is often passed down through generations, typically involving extraordinary events or characters. This word is commonly used to describe historical or cultural tales that may or may not have a basis in fact. For example: This mountain is famous for its legend「この山は伝説で有名です」(このやまはでんせつでゆうめいです). The legend of the hero has been told for centuries「英雄の伝説は何世紀も語られてきた」(えいゆうのでんせつはなんせいきもかたられてきた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something or someone that has achieved an almost mythical status due to their extraordinary qualities or achievements.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4602

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sea bathing

Reading

Kanji

海Sea 浴Bathe 水Water

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '海水浴 (かいすいよく)' refers to the activity of swimming or bathing in the sea, often for leisure or health purposes. It is commonly associated with summer activities and beach outings. For example: We went seabathing yesterday「昨日、海水浴に行きました」(きのう、かいすいよくにいきました). Seabathing is popular in summer「海水浴は夏に人気です」(かいすいよくはなつににんきです). The term is often used in contexts related to vacation, relaxation, and enjoying the beach environment.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4607

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Carry, Possess

Reading

Kanji

帯Belt, Wear

Explanation

The Japanese verb '帯びる (おびる)' primarily means 'to carry' or 'to possess'. It is often used to describe carrying something physically, such as a weapon, or possessing an abstract quality, such as a characteristic or responsibility. For example: he carries a sword「彼は剣を帯びている」(かれはけんをおびている). This plan possesses great risk「この計画は大きなリスクを帯びている」(このけいかくはおおきなリスクをおびている). The verb can also imply a sense of bearing or having something inherently, such as a duty or a certain atmosphere. For instance: the room carries a mysterious atmosphere「その部屋は神秘的な雰囲気を帯びている」(そのへやはしんぴてきなふんいきをおびている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4613

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Illuminate

Reading

Kanji

照Shine, Illuminate

Explanation

The Japanese verb '照らす (てらす)' means 'to illuminate' or 'to shine a light on'. It is used to describe the action of casting light on something, making it visible or bright. This verb can be used both literally, such as shining a light on an object, and metaphorically, such as shedding light on a situation or idea. For example: The moon illuminates the night「月が夜を照らす」(つきがよるをてらす). The new evidence illuminated the truth「新しい証拠が真実を照らした」(あたらしいしょうこがしんじつをてらした). Note that '照らす' is often used in contexts where light reveals or clarifies something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4627

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flour

Reading

Kanji

小Small 粉Flour, Powder 麦Wheat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '小麦粉 (こむぎこ)' specifically refers to 'wheat flour'. It is commonly used in cooking and baking contexts. For example: I bought wheat flour to make bread「パンを作るために小麦粉を買いました」(パンをつくるためにこむぎこをかいました). This cake is made with wheat flour「このケーキは小麦粉で作られています」(このケーキはこむぎこでつくられています). It is important to note that '小麦粉' is distinct from other types of flour, such as rice flour (米粉, こめこ) or potato starch (片栗粉, かたくりこ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4628

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Name

Reading

Kanji

名Name 付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '名付ける (なづける)' means 'to name'. It is used when giving a name to someone or something, often in a formal or deliberate manner. This verb is commonly used in contexts such as naming a child, a pet, or even a project. For example: They named their daughter Sakura「彼らは娘をさくらと名付けた」(かれらはむすめをさくらとなづけた). The scientist named the new species『科学者は新種を名付けた』(かがくしゃはしんしゅをなづけた). The verb can also imply a sense of significance or thoughtfulness in the naming process, as it is not used casually.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4644

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Continuation

Reading

Kanji

続Continue 持Hold

Explanation

The Japanese noun '持続 (じぞく)' means 'continuation' or 'sustaining'. It refers to the act of maintaining or prolonging a state, condition, or activity over time. This word is often used in contexts related to sustainability, persistence, or ongoing processes. For example: The continuation of peace is important「平和の持続は重要です」(へいわのじぞくはじゅうようです). Sustaining economic growth is challenging「経済成長の持続は難しい」(けいざいせいちょうのじぞくはむずかしい). It can also be used in scientific or technical contexts to describe the duration or persistence of a phenomenon.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4647

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Food

Reading

Kanji

食Eat, Food 料Materials, Fee

Explanation

The Japanese noun '食料 (しょくりょう)' refers to 'food' or 'food supplies'. It is commonly used to describe food items in a general sense, often in the context of provisions or sustenance. This term can be used in various contexts, such as discussing food supplies for a household, emergency food storage, or food resources in a broader sense. For example: We need to buy food for the trip「旅行のための食料を買う必要がある」(りょこうのためのしょくりょうをかうひつようがある). The government provided food to the disaster victims「政府は被災者に食料を提供した」(せいふはひさいしゃにしょくりょうをていきょうした). Note that '食料' is more formal and often used in written or official contexts, while '食べ物 (たべもの)' is more casual and commonly used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4667

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Civil code

Reading

Kanji

法Law, Method 民People, Nation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '民法 (みんぽう)' refers to the 'civil code', which is a body of laws that govern private legal matters such as contracts, property, family law, and obligations between individuals. It is a crucial part of the legal system in Japan, regulating the legal relationships of citizens. For example: the civil code regulates marriage and divorce 「民法は結婚と離婚を規定している」 (みんぽうはけっこんとりこんをきていしている). He studies civil code at university 「彼は大学で民法を勉強している」 (かれはだいがくでみんぽうをべんきょうしている). The term is commonly used in legal contexts and is essential for understanding Japanese law.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4668

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stomach, Intestines

Reading

Kanji

胃Stomach 腸Intestine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '胃腸 (いちょう)' refers to the digestive system, specifically the stomach and intestines. It is often used in medical or health-related contexts to discuss issues or conditions affecting these organs. For example: My stomach and intestines are not feeling well「私の胃腸の調子が悪い」(わたしのいちょうのちょうしがわるい). He has a strong stomach and intestines「彼は胃腸が強い」(かれはいちょうがつよい). This term is commonly used in compound words related to digestion, such as '胃腸炎 (いちょうえん)' (gastroenteritis).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4670

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mountain range

Reading

Kanji

山Mountain 脈Vein, Pulse

Explanation

The Japanese noun '山脈 (さんみゃく)' refers to a 'mountain range', which is a series of connected mountains. This term is used in geographical contexts to describe large landforms. For example: The Himalayas are a famous mountain range「ヒマラヤ山脈は有名な山脈です」(ヒマラヤさんみゃくはゆうめいなさんみゃくです). We crossed the mountain range by train「私たちは山脈を電車で越えました」(わたしたちはさんみゃくをでんしゃでこえました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4671

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strive

Reading

Kanji

努Toil

Explanation

The Japanese verb '努める (つとめる)' means 'to strive' or 'to make an effort'. It is used to describe putting in effort or working diligently toward a goal. This verb is often used in formal or serious contexts, such as work, studies, or personal improvement. For example: I strive to improve my skills「私はスキルを向上させるよう努めています」(わたしはすきるをこうじょうさせるようつとめています). He strives to be a good father「彼は良い父親になるよう努めている」(かれはよいちちおやになるようつとめている). Note that '努める' can also imply a sense of duty or responsibility in the effort being made.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4676

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unnecessary

Reading

Kanji

要Important, Need 不Not

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不要 (ふよう)' means 'unnecessary'. It is used to describe something that is not needed or required. This word is often used in formal or practical contexts, such as in instructions, warnings, or when discussing items or actions that are superfluous. For example: This tool is unnecessary「この道具は不要です」(このどうぐはふようです). Unnecessary items should be removed「不要なものは取り除いてください」(ふようなものはとりのぞいてください). The word can also imply that something is redundant or excessive, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4689

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cultivation, Development

Reading

Kanji

成Become 育Raise, Grow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '育成 (いくせい)' refers to the process of nurturing, developing, or cultivating something or someone. It is often used in contexts related to raising children, training employees, or growing plants. For example: the development of young athletes「若いアスリートの育成」(わかいアスリートのいくせい). The cultivation of new talent「新しい才能の育成」(あたらしいさいのうのいくせい). This word emphasizes a deliberate and systematic effort to foster growth or improvement.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4695

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Equipment

Reading

Kanji

器Vessel 機Machine, Opportunity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '機器 (きき)' refers to 'equipment' or 'devices'. It is commonly used to describe machinery, tools, or technical devices, often in industrial, scientific, or technological contexts. For example: The factory has new equipment「工場に新しい機器がある」(こうじょうにあたらしいききがある). This medical device is very advanced「この医療機器はとても進んでいる」(このいりょうききはとてもすすんでいる). The word can also be used in everyday contexts, such as household appliances or electronic devices, but it generally implies a level of technical sophistication.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4697

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flag, National flag

Reading

Kanji

旗Flag 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese noun '国旗 (こっき)' refers to a 'flag' or specifically a 'national flag'. It is used to denote the official flag of a country, symbolizing its identity and sovereignty. For example: The national flag of Japan is beautiful「日本の国旗は美しい」(にほんのこっきはうつくしい). I saw many national flags at the event「イベントでたくさんの国旗を見た」(イベントでたくさんのこっきをみた). The word is commonly used in contexts related to national identity, international events, and ceremonies.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4705

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

United states military

Reading

Kanji

米Rice 軍Army

Explanation

The Japanese noun '米軍 (べいぐん)' refers specifically to the United States military. The term is a combination of '米 (べい)', which is short for 'アメリカ (America)', and '軍 (ぐん)', meaning 'military' or 'armed forces'. This word is commonly used in news, political discussions, or historical contexts to refer to the US military presence or actions. For example: The US military has a base in Japan「米軍は日本に基地を持っている」(べいぐんはにほんにきちをもっている). The US military conducted joint exercises「米軍は合同演習を行った」(べいぐんはごうどうえんしゅうをおこなった). Note that '米軍' is a formal term and is not typically used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4727

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pediatrics

Reading

Kanji

科Section, Department 小Small 児Child

Explanation

The Japanese noun '小児科 (しょうにか)' refers to the medical field of pediatrics, which is the branch of medicine dealing with the health and medical care of infants, children, and adolescents. This term is commonly used in medical contexts, such as hospitals or clinics, to denote the department or specialty focused on children's health. For example: I work in pediatrics「私は小児科で働いています」(わたしはしょうにかではたらいています). My child is being treated in the pediatrics department「私の子供は小児科で治療を受けています」(わたしのこどもはしょうにかでちりょうをうけています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4733

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Neglect

Reading

Kanji

置Put 放Release

Explanation

The Japanese noun '放置 (ほうち)' means 'neglect' or 'leaving something as it is without taking action'. It is often used to describe situations where something is ignored or abandoned, either intentionally or unintentionally. For example: the neglect of the problem led to bigger issues「問題の放置が大きな問題を引き起こした」(もんだいのほうちがおおきなもんだいをひきおこした). The car was left abandoned on the side of the road「車が道端に放置されていた」(くるまがみちばたにほうちされていた). This word can also be used in contexts like '放置プレイ (ほうちプレイ)', which refers to a gaming strategy where the player leaves the game running without active input.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4737

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reform, Revise

Reading

Kanji

改Reform

Explanation

The Japanese verb '改める (あらためる)' primarily means 'to revise' or 'to reform'. It is used when making changes to something in order to improve or correct it. This verb can be applied to a wide range of contexts, such as revising plans, reforming systems, or correcting behavior. For example: I revised my plans「計画を改めた」(けいかくをあらためた). The government reformed the law「政府は法律を改めた」(せいふはほうりつをあらためた). It's important to note that '改める' often implies a deliberate and thoughtful change, rather than a casual or minor adjustment.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4739

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inevitability

Reading

Kanji

然Sort of thing, In that case 必Inevitable, Certain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '必然 (ひつぜん)' means 'inevitability'. It refers to something that is certain to happen or cannot be avoided. This word is often used in philosophical, logical, or formal contexts to describe outcomes or events that are bound to occur due to certain conditions or laws. For example: the inevitability of change「変化の必然」(へんかのひつぜん). It was inevitable that he would succeed「彼が成功するのは必然だった」(かれがせいこうするのはひつぜんだった). The word can also imply a sense of necessity or logical consequence, as in '必然の結果 (ひつぜんのけっか) (inevitable result)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4767

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reception

Reading

Kanji

受Accept 信Trust

Explanation

The Japanese noun '受信 (じゅしん)' refers to the act of receiving or the state of being received, particularly in the context of signals, messages, or data. It is commonly used in technical or communication-related contexts, such as receiving radio signals, emails, or other forms of electronic communication. For example: The reception of the radio signal is weak「ラジオの受信が弱い」(ラジオのじゅしんがよわい). I received an email「メールを受信した」(メールをじゅしんした). This term is often paired with its counterpart '送信 (そうしん)', which means 'transmission' or 'sending'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4777

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grilled

Reading

Kanji

焼Burn, Bake

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '焼き (やき)' means 'grilled' and is commonly used in the names of dishes to indicate that the food has been grilled or broiled. This suffix is often attached to the name of the main ingredient to describe the cooking method. For example: grilled chicken「焼き鳥」(やきとり), grilled fish「焼き魚」(やきざかな). It can also be used in other contexts to describe something that has been baked or roasted, such as in '焼き芋 (やきいも)' which means 'roasted sweet potato'. The suffix is versatile and widely used in Japanese cuisine to specify the cooking technique.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4789

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Less

Reading

Kanji

満Full 未Not yet

Explanation

The Japanese noun '未満 (みまん)' means 'less than' or 'under'. It is used to indicate that something does not meet a certain threshold or standard. For example: children under 12 years old「12歳未満の子供」(12さいみまんのこども). The temperature is below freezing「氷点未満の気温」(ひょうてんみまんのきおん). This word is often used in formal or technical contexts, such as legal documents, rules, or specifications. It is important to note that '未満' is used exclusively for quantities or measurements that are strictly below the stated value, not equal to it.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4796

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Smile

Reading

Kanji

笑Laugh

Explanation

The Japanese noun '笑み (えみ)' refers to a 'smile'. It is often used to describe a gentle or subtle smile, sometimes with a sense of warmth or kindness. This word is commonly used in literary or poetic contexts to convey a serene or heartfelt expression. For example: her smile was gentle「彼女の笑みは優しかった」(かのじょのえみはやさしかった). A faint smile appeared on his face「彼の顔に薄い笑みが浮かんだ」(かれのかおにうすいえみがうかんだ). Note that '笑み' is distinct from '笑顔 (えがお)', which refers to a broader or more visible smile.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4828

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Existence, Non existence

Reading

Kanji

有Exist 無Nothing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '有無 (うむ)' refers to the concepts of 'existence' and 'nonexistence'. It is often used in formal or philosophical contexts to discuss the presence or absence of something. For example: the existence or nonexistence of evidence「証拠の有無」(しょうこのうむ). It can also be used in everyday contexts to inquire about the availability or lack of something: is there a problem or not?「問題の有無」(もんだいのうむ). The word is a combination of the kanji for '有' (existence) and '無' (nonexistence), making it a binary term that encapsulates both states.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4832

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Majestic, Unashamed

Reading

Kanji

堂Hall

Explanation

The Japanese noun '堂々 (どうどう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'majestic', which refers to something grand, dignified, or impressive in appearance or manner. For example: He walked in with a majestic air「彼は堂々と歩いて入ってきた」(かれはどうどうとあるいてはいってきた). The second meaning is 'unashamed', which describes someone acting confidently without fear of judgment or shame. For example: She spoke unashamedly about her past「彼女は堂々と自分の過去について話した」(かのじょはどうどうとじぶんのかこについてはなした). The word often conveys a sense of confidence and boldness, whether in a positive or neutral context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4834

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dispute

Reading

Kanji

争Dispute

Explanation

The Japanese noun '争い (あらそい)' refers to a dispute, conflict, or quarrel. It is used to describe a situation where there is a disagreement or struggle between parties, often involving arguments or competition. This word can apply to both personal conflicts and larger-scale disputes, such as legal or political battles. Example sentences: There was a dispute between the neighbors「隣人同士の争いがあった」(りんじんどうしのあらそいがあった). The siblings often quarrel「兄弟はよく争う」(きょうだいはよくあらそう). Note that '争い' can also imply a sense of competition, as in 'a struggle for power'「権力争い」(けんりょくあらそい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4838

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Old

Reading

Kanji

老Old, Aged

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '老 (ろう)' means 'old' and is used to indicate age or seniority. It is often attached to nouns to describe something or someone as being old or elderly. For example: old man「老人」(ろうじん). old age「老年」(ろうねん). This prefix is commonly used in formal or respectful contexts to refer to elderly people or things that have aged. It carries a nuance of respect and experience, especially when referring to people.

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4856

Composition

kanji

Radical Form

耂

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Correct

Reading

Kanji

然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese verb '然り (しかり)' is a classical or formal term meaning 'correct' or 'to be so'. It is often used in written or formal contexts to affirm or agree with a statement. In modern Japanese, it is less commonly used in everyday conversation but may appear in literature, legal documents, or formal speeches. For example: That is correct「それは然り」(それはしかり). The decision is correct「その決定は然り」(そのけっていはしかり). Note that this verb is often used in its classical form and may sound archaic in casual settings.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4871

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Series

Reading

Kanji

一One 連Take along

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一連 (いちれん)' means 'series'. It refers to a sequence or chain of related events, actions, or items. This word is often used to describe a connected set of occurrences or objects. For example: a series of incidents「一連の事件」(いちれんのじけん). A series of meetings「一連の会議」(いちれんのかいぎ). It can also be used in contexts like 'a series of steps' or 'a series of articles'. The word emphasizes the continuity or connection between the elements in the sequence.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4875

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chorus

Reading

Kanji

合Fit, Match 唱Chant

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '合唱 (がっしょう)' refers to a 'chorus' or 'choral singing'. It is commonly used to describe a group of people singing together in harmony, often in a formal or organized setting such as a school event, concert, or religious ceremony. For example: The students performed a chorus at the school festival「生徒たちは学園祭で合唱をしました」(せいとたちはがくえんさいでがっしょうをしました). We practiced the chorus for the concert「私たちはコンサートのために合唱を練習しました」(わたしたちはこんさーとのためにがっしょうをれんしゅうしました). This term is often associated with group performances and emphasizes the collective effort of singing together.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4885

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Indicator

Reading

Kanji

標Signpost, Mark 指Finger

Explanation

The Japanese noun '指標 (しひょう)' means 'indicator'. It refers to a sign, measure, or index that shows the state or level of something. This word is often used in contexts such as economics, science, and statistics to describe data points or metrics that provide insight into trends or conditions. For example: The economic indicators are improving「経済指標が改善している」(けいざいしひょうがかいぜんしている). This chart shows key performance indicators「このチャートは主要な業績指標を示している」(このチャートはしゅようなぎょうせきしひょうをしめしている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4891

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Add

Reading

Kanji

加Join, Add 付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '付け加える (つけくわえる)' means 'to add' or 'to append'. It is used when someone wants to include additional information, details, or elements to something that already exists. This verb is often used in both formal and informal contexts, such as in conversations, writing, or instructions. For example: I will add a comment to the report「レポートにコメントを付け加えます」(レポートにコメントをつけくわえます). She added some spices to the soup「彼女はスープにスパイスを付け加えた」(かのじょはスープにスパイスをつけくわえた). The nuance of this verb implies that the addition is supplementary or enhancing, rather than being the main focus.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4898

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Communication, Transmission

Reading

Kanji

伝Transmit 達Attain, Plural

Explanation

The Japanese noun '伝達 (でんたつ)' refers to the act of transmitting or communicating information, messages, or instructions from one person or place to another. It is often used in formal or organizational contexts, such as in workplaces, schools, or official communications. For example: The transmission of information is crucial「情報の伝達は重要です」(じょうほうのでんたつはじゅうようです). The teacher communicated the instructions clearly「先生は指示を明確に伝達しました」(せんせいはしじをめいかくにでんたつしました). Note that '伝達' emphasizes the process of conveying information accurately and effectively.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4904

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flag

Reading

Kanji

旗Flag

Explanation

The Japanese noun '旗 (はた)' means 'flag'. This word refers to a piece of cloth or similar material, typically rectangular or triangular, attached to a pole or rope and used as a symbol, signaling device, or decoration. It is commonly used in contexts such as national flags, sports events, or festivals. For example: The national flag is flying「国旗がはためいている」(こっきがはためいている). They raised the white flag「彼らは白い旗を上げた」(かれらはしろいはたをあげた). The word can also be used metaphorically to represent a cause or movement, as in '旗を掲げる (はたをかかげる)' which means 'to raise a flag' or 'to champion a cause'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4912

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Highway

Reading

Kanji

街Street, Boulevard 道Way

Explanation

The Japanese noun '街道 (かいどう)' refers to a highway or main road, often historically significant. It is used to describe major routes that connect cities or regions, and it can carry a sense of tradition or historical importance. For example: This highway connects Kyoto and Tokyo「この街道は京都と東京を結ぶ」(このかいどうはきょうとととうきょうをむすぶ). The old highway is still in use「古い街道はまだ使われている」(ふるいかいどうはまだつかわれている). The term can also evoke a sense of nostalgia or cultural heritage, as many 街道 were used during the Edo period for travel and trade.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4921

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Change

Reading

Kanji

変Change, Abnormal

Explanation

The Japanese noun '変わり (かわり)' means 'change'. It refers to a transformation, alteration, or difference in something. This word is often used to describe a shift in state, condition, or situation. For example: there was a big change in the weather「天気に大きな変わりがあった」(てんきにおおきなかわりがあった). I noticed a change in his attitude「彼の態度に変わりを感じた」(かれのたいどにかわりをかんじた). It can also be used in phrases like '変わりがない (かわりがない)', meaning 'there is no change' or 'it remains the same'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4924

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Point

Reading

Kanji

差Difference 指Finger

Explanation

The Japanese verb '指差す (ゆびさす)' means 'to point' or 'to indicate with a finger'. It is used when someone uses their finger to direct attention to something or someone. This verb is commonly used in everyday situations, such as giving directions or identifying objects. For example: He pointed at the map「彼は地図を指差した」(かれはちずをゆびさした). She pointed to the sign「彼女は看板を指差した」(かのじょはかんばんをゆびさした). The verb can also be used metaphorically to indicate something indirectly or to highlight an issue.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4930

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Outside

Reading

Kanji

側Side 外Outside

Explanation

The Japanese noun '外側 (そとがわ)' refers to the 'outside' or 'outer side' of something. It is used to describe the external part or surface of an object, area, or structure. For example: the outside of the box is red「箱の外側は赤い」(はこのそとがわはあかい). Please clean the outside of the window「窓の外側を掃除してください」(まどのそとがわをそうじしてください). This word is often used in contrast to '内側 (うちがわ)', which means 'inside' or 'inner side'. It can also be used metaphorically to describe external appearances or superficial aspects.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4972

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strengthen, Harden

Reading

Kanji

固Hard

Explanation

The Japanese verb '固める (かためる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to harden', which refers to making something physically solid or firm, such as cement or clay. The second meaning is 'to strengthen' or 'to solidify', often used in abstract contexts like relationships, plans, or resolve. For example: The cement hardened「セメントが固まった」(セメントがかたまった). She strengthened her resolve「彼女は決意を固めた」(かのじょはけついをかためた). Note that this verb can also imply making something more secure or stable, such as '固める計画 (かためるけいかく)' (to solidify a plan).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5009

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Favorable

Reading

Kanji

好Like, Fond

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '好 (こう)' is used to indicate something that is favorable, liked, or preferred. It is often attached to nouns to form compound words that express a positive inclination or preference towards something. For example: '好評 (こうひょう)' means 'favorable reputation' or 'popularity', and '好意 (こうい)' means 'goodwill' or 'kindness'. Example sentences: The new product received favorable reviews「新製品は好評だった」(しんせいひんはこうひょうだった). He showed goodwill towards his colleagues「彼は同僚に好意を示した」(かれはどうりょうにこういをしめした).

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5036

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

End, Die

Reading

Kanji

果Fruit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '果てる (はてる)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to end' or 'to come to an end', often used to describe the conclusion of events, situations, or processes. The second meaning is 'to die', which is a more poetic or literary usage, often implying a final or irreversible end. For example: The meeting came to an end「会議が果てた」(かいぎがはてた). The old man passed away「老人は果てた」(ろうじんははてた). This verb carries a sense of finality and is often used in more formal or dramatic contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5037

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shallow, Superficial

Reading

Kanji

見See 浅Shallow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '浅見 (せんけん)' refers to a superficial or shallow view, opinion, or understanding of something. It is often used to describe a lack of depth in thought or analysis. For example: His opinion is superficial「彼の意見は浅見だ」(かれのいけんはせんけんだ). Don't make shallow judgments「浅見をしないでください」(せんけんをしないでください). The word can also be used to describe someone who has a narrow or limited perspective, as in '浅見な人 (せんけんなひと) (a person with a shallow view).'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5050

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Omit

Reading

Kanji

欠Lack

Explanation

The Japanese verb '欠かす (かかす)' means 'to omit' or 'to leave out'. It is used when something essential or expected is not included or done. This verb often implies that the omitted thing is important or necessary. For example: I never omit breakfast「私は朝食を欠かさない」(わたしはちょうしょくをかかさない). He omitted an important detail in his report「彼は報告書で重要な詳細を欠かした」(かれはほうこくしょでじゅうようなしょうさいをかかした). The verb can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as omitting a step in a process or skipping a routine.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5052

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Model, Type

Reading

Kanji

種Kind, Variety 機Machine, Opportunity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '機種 (きしゅ)' refers to the model or type of a device, machine, or equipment. It is commonly used in contexts related to electronics, appliances, or machinery to specify a particular version or variant. For example: This smartphone model is popular「このスマートフォンの機種は人気です」(このスマートフォンのきしゅはにんきです). The new type of printer is more efficient「新しいプリンターの機種はより効率的です」(あたらしいプリンターのきしゅはよりこうりつてきです). The word is often used in technical or commercial settings to differentiate between different versions of products.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5059

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Currency

Reading

Kanji

貨Goods, Freight 通Commute, Pass

Explanation

The Japanese noun '通貨 (つうか)' refers to 'currency', which is the system of money used in a particular country or region. This term is commonly used in financial, economic, and everyday contexts when discussing money, exchange rates, or monetary systems. For example: The Japanese currency is the yen「日本の通貨は円です」(にほんのつうかはえんです). I exchanged foreign currency at the bank「私は銀行で外貨を交換しました」(わたしはぎんこうでがいかをこうかんしました). The word can also appear in compound terms like '外貨通貨 (がいかつうか)' (foreign currency) or '仮想通貨 (かそうつうか)' (virtual currency).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5071

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cafeteria

Reading

Kanji

食Eat, Food 堂Hall

Explanation

The Japanese noun '食堂 (しょくどう)' refers to a 'cafeteria' or 'dining hall'. It is commonly used to describe a place where meals are served, often in schools, workplaces, or public facilities. The word can also refer to a casual restaurant or eatery. For example: Let's eat at the cafeteria「食堂で食べましょう」(しょくどうでたべましょう). The school cafeteria is crowded「学校の食堂は混んでいる」(がっこうのしょくどうはこんでいる). Note that '食堂' is often used in institutional settings, but it can also describe small, family-run restaurants.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5082

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Souvenir

Reading

Kanji

土Soil 産Give birth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '土産 (みやげ)' refers to a 'souvenir' or a gift brought back from a trip or visit to a place. It is commonly used to describe items purchased or received as a memento of a journey or as a gift for someone else. For example: I bought a souvenir from Kyoto「京都で土産を買いました」(きょうとでみやげをかいました). She gave me a souvenir from her trip「彼女は旅行の土産をくれました」(かのじょはりょこうのみやげをくれました). The word can also imply a sense of thoughtfulness, as it is often given to friends, family, or colleagues upon returning from a trip.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5092

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Adopted child

Reading

Kanji

養Foster 子Child

Explanation

The Japanese noun '養子 (ようし)' means 'adopted child'. It refers to a child who is legally adopted into a family, becoming part of that family through legal processes. This word is often used in contexts related to family law, inheritance, or social discussions about adoption. Example: They adopted a child 「彼らは養子をもらった」 (かれらはようしをもらった). The adopted child inherited the property 「養子が財産を相続した」 (ようしがざいさんをそうぞくした). Note that '養子' can refer to either an adopted son or daughter, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5099

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Blood vessel

Reading

Kanji

管Pipe 血Blood

Explanation

The Japanese noun '血管 (けっかん)' refers to a 'blood vessel', which is a tubular structure that carries blood throughout the body. This term is commonly used in medical or biological contexts. For example: The blood vessel is narrow「血管が狭い」(けっかんがせまい). Blood vessels are essential for circulation「血管は循環に不可欠です」(けっかんはじゅんかんにふかけつです). The word can also appear in compound terms like '毛細血管 (もうさいけっかん)' (capillary), which refers to the smallest blood vessels in the body.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5106

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lump

Reading

Kanji

固Hard

Explanation

The Japanese noun '固まり (かたまり)' refers to a 'lump' or a 'mass' of something that is solid or cohesive. It can be used to describe physical objects like a lump of clay, a chunk of ice, or even a group of people or things that are tightly packed together. For example: a lump of sugar「砂糖の固まり」(さとうのかたまり). A group of people gathered in one place「人々の固まり」(ひとびとのかたまり). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a concentrated form of an abstract concept, such as a 'block' of time or a 'cluster' of ideas.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5125

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

End

Reading

Kanji

果Fruit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '果て (はて)' means 'end' or 'limit'. It is often used to describe the furthest point or boundary of something, whether physical, temporal, or abstract. This word carries a sense of finality or extremity. For example: the end of the world「世界の果て」(せかいのはて). We walked to the end of the road「私たちは道の果てまで歩いた」(わたしたちはみちのはてまであるいた). It can also be used metaphorically, such as in 'the end of one's patience'「忍耐の果て」(にんたいのはて). Note that '果て' often implies a sense of reaching a boundary or conclusion, rather than just a simple stopping point.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5158

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Transmission

Reading

Kanji

送Send 信Trust

Explanation

The Japanese noun '送信 (そうしん)' refers to the act of sending or transmitting information, data, or signals. It is commonly used in contexts involving communication technologies, such as emails, messages, or data transfer. For example: I sent an email「メールを送信しました」(メールをそうしんしました). The data transmission was successful「データの送信は成功しました」(データのそうしんはせいこうしました). This term is often used in technical or formal settings, and it emphasizes the action of sending information from one point to another.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5178

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Culture, Education

Reading

Kanji

教Teach 養Foster

Explanation

The Japanese noun '教養 (きょうよう)' refers to a broad sense of education or cultural refinement. It encompasses not only formal education but also general knowledge, intellectual cultivation, and cultural awareness. This term is often used to describe someone who is well-educated and possesses a wide range of knowledge. For example: He has a lot of education「彼は教養がある」(かれはきょうようがある). Reading books is important for gaining culture「本を読むことは教養を身につけるために重要だ」(ほんをよむことはきょうようをみにつけるためにじゅうようだ). The word can also imply a sense of sophistication and depth of understanding in various fields.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5182

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Joint

Reading

Kanji

節Season, Node 関Barrier, Related

Explanation

The Japanese noun '関節 (かんせつ)' refers to a 'joint' in the body, where two bones meet and allow movement. It is commonly used in medical or anatomical contexts. For example: My knee joint hurts「私の膝の関節が痛い」(わたしのひざのかんせつがいたい). The doctor examined his shoulder joint「医者は彼の肩の関節を診た」(いしゃはかれのかたのかんせつをみた). This term is specific to the anatomical structure and should not be confused with other uses of the word 'joint' in English, such as a place or a connection between objects.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5190

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Race

Reading

Kanji

人Person 種Kind, Variety

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人種 (じんしゅ)' refers to 'race' in the context of human categorization based on physical characteristics, ancestry, or genetics. It is often used in discussions about ethnicity, diversity, or social issues. For example: Race is not a basis for discrimination「人種は差別の理由ではありません」(じんしゅはさべつのりゆうではありません). The study of human races is complex「人種の研究は複雑です」(じんしゅのけんきゅうはふくざつです). This term is neutral but should be used carefully, as it can be sensitive in certain contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5191

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Originally, Naturally

Reading

Kanji

固Hard

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '固より (もとより)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'originally', referring to something that was true from the beginning or from the start. For example: He was originally a teacher「彼は固より教師だった」(かれはもとよりきょうしだった). The second meaning is 'naturally', indicating something that is obvious or goes without saying. For example: Naturally, I agree with you「固より、あなたに賛成です」(もとより、あなたにさんせいです). This word is often used in formal or written contexts and carries a nuanced tone of something being self-evident or inherent.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5214

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Interests, Gains

Reading

Kanji

利Profit, Advantage 害Harm

Explanation

The Japanese noun '利害 (りがい)' refers to 'interests' or 'gains', often in the context of benefits and losses. It is commonly used to discuss the advantages and disadvantages, or the pros and cons, of a situation, decision, or relationship. For example: The interests of the company and the employees are aligned「会社と従業員の利害は一致している」(かいしゃとじゅうぎょういんのりがいはいっちしている). They discussed the gains and losses of the project「彼らはそのプロジェクトの利害を話し合った」(かれらはそのぷろじぇくとのりがいをはなしあった). The term can also be used in legal or business contexts to describe conflicts of interest or mutual benefits.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5224

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Decline

Reading

Kanji

低Low 下Down

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '低下 (ていか)' means 'decline' or 'decrease'. It is used to describe a reduction or drop in quality, quantity, level, or status. This term is often used in formal or technical contexts, such as economics, health, or performance. For example: a decline in academic performance「学力の低下」(がくりょくのていか). The decrease in temperature「気温の低下」(きおんのていか). It can also be used to describe a decline in physical or mental condition, such as '体力の低下 (たいりょくのていか) (decline in physical strength)'. Note that '低下' is often paired with nouns using the particle 'の' to indicate what is declining.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5230

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Low

Reading

Kanji

低Low

Explanation

The Japanese noun '低 (てい)' means 'low'. It is often used to describe something that is physically low in height or position, or metaphorically low in status, level, or quality. For example: the low temperature「低い温度」(ひくいおんど). The low status of the employee「従業員の低い地位」(じゅうぎょういんのひくいちい). It can also be used in compound words, such as '低気圧 (ていきあつ)' (low pressure) or '低所得 (ていしょとく)' (low income). Note that '低' is often used in its adjectival form '低い (ひくい)' to describe nouns directly.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5231

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Start

Reading

Kanji

月Moon, Month 初Beginning, First

Explanation

The Japanese noun '月初め (つきはじめ)' refers to the 'start' or 'beginning of the month'. It is commonly used to describe the first few days of a new month, often in contexts related to schedules, payments, or planning. For example: The rent is due at the start of the month「家賃は月初めに支払います」(やちんはつきはじめにしはらいます). We will start the project at the beginning of the month「プロジェクトは月初めに始めます」(プロジェクトはつきはじめにはじめます). Note that this word is specific to the temporal context of the month and is not used for other types of beginnings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5232

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wry smile

Reading

Kanji

笑Laugh 苦Suffer

Explanation

The Japanese noun '苦笑 (くしょう)' refers to a 'wry smile' or a 'bitter smile'. It is used to describe a smile that expresses mixed feelings, such as embarrassment, resignation, or slight discomfort, often in response to an awkward or unfavorable situation. For example: He gave a wry smile when he realized his mistake「彼は自分の間違いに気づいて苦笑した」(かれはじぶんのまちがいにきづいてくしょうした). She responded with a wry smile to the awkward question「彼女はその気まずい質問に苦笑で答えた」(かのじょはそのきまずいしつもんにくしょうでこたえた). This term is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese to convey subtle emotional nuances.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5247

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Season

Reading

Kanji

候Climate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '候 (こう)' refers to a 'season' or 'weather condition'. It is often used in formal or literary contexts to describe the current season or atmospheric conditions. For example: the season of cherry blossoms「桜の候」(さくらのこう). This word is also used in traditional Japanese letters to indicate the season, as in '早春の候 (そうしゅんのこう) (early spring season)'. Note that this term is less common in everyday conversation and is typically reserved for written or formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5260

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Settle

Reading

Kanji

治Cure, Reign

Explanation

The Japanese verb '治まる (おさまる)' means 'to settle' or 'to calm down'. It is often used to describe situations where something chaotic or unstable becomes calm or orderly. This can refer to physical disturbances, emotional states, or societal conditions. For example: The storm has settled「嵐が治まった」(あらしがおさまった). His anger finally settled「彼の怒りはついに治まった」(かれのいかりはついにおさまった). The conflict in the region has settled「その地域の紛争は治まった」(そのちいきのふんそうはおさまった). The verb can also imply a return to a normal or peaceful state after a period of unrest.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5276

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Guess

Reading

Kanji

察Guess

Explanation

The Japanese verb '察する (さっする)' means 'to guess' or 'to infer'. It is often used when someone deduces or understands something based on subtle hints, context, or intuition, rather than explicit information. This verb is commonly used in situations where empathy or understanding of another person's feelings or thoughts is involved. For example: I guessed his feelings「彼の気持ちを察した」(かれのきもちをさっした). She inferred the situation from his expression「彼の表情から状況を察した」(かれのひょうじょうからじょうきょうをさっした). The verb carries a nuance of sensitivity and insight, making it a key term in contexts involving emotional intelligence or subtle communication.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5278

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Remarkable

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 覚Remember, Awake

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '目覚ましい (めざましい)' means 'remarkable' or 'striking'. It is used to describe something that is notably impressive, outstanding, or rapid in progress. This word often conveys a sense of awe or admiration for the extent or speed of development or achievement. For example: The progress of technology is remarkable「技術の進歩は目覚ましい」(ぎじゅつのしんぽはめざましい). Her growth as an artist is striking「彼女の芸術家としての成長は目覚ましい」(かのじょのげいじゅつかとしてのせいちょうはめざましい). This adjective is typically used in formal or literary contexts to emphasize the extraordinary nature of something.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5287

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recognition

Reading

Kanji

見See 覚Remember, Awake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '見覚え (みおぼえ)' refers to the sense of recognition or familiarity one feels upon seeing something or someone. It is often used when you feel like you have seen something before but may not remember the exact details. For example: I have a sense of recognition about this place「この場所に見覚えがある」(このばしょにみおぼえがある). She looks familiar, but I can't recall where I saw her「彼女に見覚えがあるけど、どこで会ったか思い出せない」(かのじょにみおぼえがあるけど、どこであったかおもいだせない). This word is commonly used in situations where you are trying to recall a memory or identify something based on visual familiarity.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5288

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Alarm

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 覚Remember, Awake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '目覚まし (めざまし)' refers to an alarm, typically used to wake someone up. It is often associated with alarm clocks or devices that produce a sound to rouse a person from sleep. For example: I set the alarm for 7 AM「目覚ましを7時にセットした」(めざましをしちじにセットした). The alarm didn't go off this morning「今朝、目覚ましが鳴らなかった」(けさ、めざましがならなかった). The word can also be used in compounds like '目覚まし時計 (めざましどけい)', which specifically means 'alarm clock'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5289

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Friendly

Reading

Kanji

仲Relationship 良Good

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '仲良く (なかよく)' means 'friendly' or 'on good terms'. It is used to describe a harmonious or amicable relationship between people. This word often implies mutual understanding and cooperation. For example: Let's get along well「仲良くしましょう」(なかよくしましょう). They are living together in harmony「彼らは仲良く暮らしています」(かれらはなかよくくらしています). It can also be used to describe how people interact, such as playing together nicely or working together without conflict.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5291

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soldier

Reading

Kanji

軍Army 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '軍人 (ぐんじん)' refers to a 'soldier' or 'military personnel'. This term is used to describe individuals who are members of the armed forces, including those in the army, navy, or air force. It is a formal term and can be used in various contexts, such as discussing military history, current events, or personal stories. For example: He is a soldier「彼は軍人です」(かれはぐんじんです). Many soldiers were present at the ceremony「多くの軍人が式典に出席しました」(おおくのぐんじんがしきてんにしゅっせきしました). The term can also be used in a broader sense to refer to anyone who serves in a military capacity, regardless of rank or branch.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5292

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attempt

Reading

Kanji

試Try, Attempt

Explanation

The Japanese noun '試み (こころみ)' means 'attempt' or 'effort'. It refers to an act of trying to achieve something, often implying a trial or experiment. This word is commonly used in contexts where someone is trying something new or testing a method. For example: His attempt to climb the mountain was successful「彼の山登りの試みは成功した」(かれのやまのぼりのこころみはせいこうした). This is an attempt to solve the problem「これは問題を解決する試みです」(これはもんだいをかいけつするこころみです). The word can also carry a nuance of experimentation or a preliminary effort, as in 'a trial attempt'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5295

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Satisfaction

Reading

Kanji

満Full 足Foot, Sufficient

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '満足 (まんぞく)' means 'satisfaction'. It refers to a feeling of contentment or fulfillment when one's desires, expectations, or needs are met. It can be used in various contexts, such as personal achievements, customer satisfaction, or general contentment. For example: I feel satisfied with my work「私は自分の仕事に満足しています」(わたしはじぶんのしごとにまんぞくしています). The customer expressed satisfaction with the service「その客はサービスに満足したと言った」(そのきゃくはサービスにまんぞくしたといった). Note that '満足' can also function as a verb when combined with 'する', as in '満足する (まんぞくする)', meaning 'to be satisfied'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5306

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Material

Reading

Kanji

材Materials, Timber

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '材 (ざい)' means 'material' and is used to refer to the substance or raw material from which something is made. It is often attached to nouns to specify the type of material being discussed. For example: wood material「木材」(もくざい). building material「建材」(けんざい). This suffix is commonly used in contexts related to construction, manufacturing, or crafting. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something as the 'material' or 'basis' for an idea or concept, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5309

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Full, Crowded

Reading

Kanji

満Full 員Member

Explanation

The Japanese noun '満員 (まんいん)' refers to a state of being full or crowded, often used to describe places or vehicles that have reached their maximum capacity. It is commonly used in contexts like public transportation, events, or venues. For example: The train is full「電車は満員です」(でんしゃはまんいんです). The concert was crowded「コンサートは満員でした」(コンサートはまんいんでした). Note that '満員' emphasizes the idea of no more space being available, and it is often used in announcements or signs to indicate capacity limits.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5311

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Full moon

Reading

Kanji

月Moon, Month 満Full

Explanation

The Japanese noun '満月 (まんげつ)' refers to the 'full moon'. This term is used to describe the phase of the moon when it appears fully illuminated from Earth's perspective. It is often associated with beauty, romance, and traditional festivals in Japanese culture. For example: The full moon is beautiful tonight「今夜の満月は美しい」(こんやのまんげつはうつくしい). We watched the full moon together「一緒に満月を見た」(いっしょにまんげつをみた). The full moon is a common theme in poetry and art, symbolizing completeness and perfection.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5312

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Help

Reading

Kanji

伝Transmit 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '手伝い (てつだい)' means 'help' or 'assistance'. It refers to the act of helping someone with a task or chore. This word is often used in contexts where someone is providing physical or practical assistance, such as helping with household chores or work tasks. For example: I need help with cleaning「掃除の手伝いが必要です」(そうじのてつだいがひつようです). She gave me help with my homework「彼女は私の宿題の手伝いをしてくれた」(かのじょはわたしのしゅくだいのてつだいをしてくれた). The word can also refer to a person who helps, such as a helper or assistant, but this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5324

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Compete, Dispute

Reading

Kanji

争Dispute

Explanation

The Japanese verb '争う (あらそう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to compete', which refers to striving to outperform others in a contest or rivalry. For example: They competed for the championship「彼らは優勝を争った」(かれらはゆうしょうをあらそった). The second meaning is 'to dispute', which refers to engaging in a conflict or argument over something. For example: The siblings disputed over the inheritance「兄弟は遺産を争った」(きょうだいはいさんをあらそった). The verb can be used in both formal and informal contexts, and it often implies a sense of struggle or contention.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5327

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lack, Chip

Reading

Kanji

欠Lack

Explanation

The Japanese verb '欠く (かく)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to lack' or 'to be missing something essential'. For example: he lacks experience「彼は経験を欠く」(かれはけいけんをかく). The second meaning is 'to chip' or 'to break off a piece'. For example: I chipped the cup「カップを欠いた」(カップをかいた). These meanings are unrelated and depend on the context in which the verb is used. When used to mean 'lack', it often refers to something intangible like skills or qualities. When used to mean 'chip', it refers to physical damage to an object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5337

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Carrot

Reading

Kanji

参Participate 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人参 (にんじん)' refers to the vegetable 'carrot'. It is commonly used in cooking and everyday conversation when referring to this specific vegetable. Example sentences include: I bought carrots at the store「スーパーで人参を買いました」(すーぱーでにんじんをかいました). Carrots are good for your eyes「人参は目に良いです」(にんじんはめにいいです). In some contexts, particularly in historical or traditional settings, '人参' can also refer to ginseng, but this usage is much less common in modern Japanese and typically requires additional context to avoid confusion.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5344

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Word

Reading

Kanji

単Simple, Single 語Language, Word

Explanation

The Japanese noun '単語 (たんご)' refers to a 'word' in the linguistic sense. It is used to describe a single unit of language that carries meaning and is used in speech or writing. This term is commonly used in educational contexts, such as when learning vocabulary or studying a language. For example: I memorized new words「新しい単語を覚えた」(あたらしいたんごをおぼえた). This dictionary contains many words「この辞書にはたくさんの単語が載っている」(このじしょにはたくさんのたんごがのっている). The term '単語' is neutral and can refer to words in any language, though it is most often used in the context of Japanese or foreign language study.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5351

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Record

Reading

Kanji

録Record

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '録 (ろく)' means 'record' and is commonly used in compound words to indicate a recording or documentation of something. It is often attached to nouns to form new words that denote a record or log of the original noun. For example: a voice recording「音声録」(おんせいろく). A meeting record「会議録」(かいぎろく). This suffix is widely used in both formal and informal contexts, such as in technology (e.g., '録画 (ろくが)' for video recording) or in administrative documents (e.g., '議事録 (ぎじろく)' for minutes of a meeting).

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5367

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Landing

Reading

Kanji

陸Land 上Up

Explanation

The Japanese noun '上陸 (じょうりく)' refers to the act of landing or coming ashore, typically used in the context of ships, boats, or people arriving on land from a body of water. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the arrival or introduction of something new, such as a product or idea. For example: The ship made a landing on the island「船が島に上陸した」(ふねがしまにじょうりくした). The new product will land in stores next month「新製品が来月店舗に上陸する」(しんせいひんがらいげつてんぽにじょうりくする). This word is commonly used in news reports, travel contexts, or discussions about maritime activities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5390

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tie, Connect

Reading

Kanji

結Tie, Bind 付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '結び付ける (むすびつける)' primarily means 'to connect' or 'to tie'. It is used to describe the action of linking or binding things together, either physically or abstractly. For example, it can be used to describe tying a knot or connecting ideas. Example sentences: He connected the two ideas「彼は二つの考えを結び付けた」(かれはふたつのかんがえをむすびつけた). She tied the rope to the tree「彼女はロープを木に結び付けた」(かのじょはロープをきにむすびつけた). This verb is often used in contexts where a strong or meaningful connection is being made, whether it's between objects, concepts, or people.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5408

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Napa cabbage

Reading

Kanji

菜Vegetable 白White

Explanation

The Japanese noun '白菜 (はくさい)' refers to 'napa cabbage', a type of Chinese cabbage commonly used in East Asian cuisine. It is characterized by its long, light green leaves and white stems. This vegetable is a staple in dishes such as hot pot, stir-fries, and pickles. For example: I bought napa cabbage at the market「市場で白菜を買いました」(いちばではくさいをかいました). Napa cabbage is delicious in hot pot「白菜は鍋料理で美味しい」(はくさいはなべりょうりでおいしい). The word is often used in culinary contexts and is a key ingredient in many traditional Japanese dishes.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5410

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clothing

Reading

Kanji

衣Clothes

Explanation

The Japanese noun '衣 (い)' refers to 'clothing' or 'garments'. It is often used in a formal or literary context to describe attire or apparel. This word can be found in compound words or phrases related to clothing, such as '衣装 (いしょう)' meaning 'costume' or 'outfit'. Example sentences include: She wore beautiful clothing「彼女は美しい衣を着ていた」(かのじょはうつくしいいをきていた). The clothing was made of silk「その衣は絹でできていた」(そのいはきぬでできていた). Note that '衣' is less commonly used in everyday conversation compared to '服 (ふく)', which is a more general term for clothing.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5411

Composition

kanji

Radical Form

𧘇

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Year end

Reading

Kanji

年Year 末End

Explanation

The Japanese noun '年末 (ねんまつ)' refers to the end of the year, typically encompassing the period from late December to New Year's Eve. It is a time associated with various traditions, preparations for the New Year, and reflection on the past year. For example: I will return home at yearend「年末に実家に帰ります」(ねんまつにじっかにかえります). Many people clean their houses at yearend「年末に大掃除をする人が多いです」(ねんまつにおおそうじをするひとがおおいです). This term is often used in contexts related to holidays, work, and seasonal activities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5415

Composition

kanji

Handwriting