Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Kanji School Grade

word

Meaning

Materials

Reading

Kanji

資Capital, Resources 料Materials, Fee

Explanation

The Japanese noun '資料 (しりょう)' refers to 'materials' or 'data' that are used for reference, research, or documentation. It is commonly used in academic, professional, or informational contexts. For example: I need materials for my research「研究のための資料が必要です」(けんきゅうのためのしりょうがひつようです). These materials are very useful「この資料はとても役に立ちます」(このしりょうはとてもやくにたちます). The word can also refer to documents, handouts, or resources provided for meetings or presentations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1092

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attitude

Reading

Kanji

態Appearance, Condition 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese noun '態度 (たいど)' refers to a person's attitude, demeanor, or behavior. It is often used to describe how someone carries themselves or reacts in a given situation. This word can be used in both positive and negative contexts, depending on the situation. For example: His attitude is very positive「彼の態度はとても前向きだ」(かれのたいどはとてもまえむきだ). Her attitude towards work is lazy「彼女の仕事に対する態度は怠惰だ」(かのじょのしごとにたいするたいどはたいだだ). The word can also imply a sense of posture or stance, both physically and metaphorically.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1093

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Emotion

Reading

Kanji

感Feeling, Sensation 情Feeling, Emotion

Explanation

The Japanese noun '感情 (かんじょう)' refers to 'emotion' or 'feeling'. It is used to describe the complex psychological states that arise from one's circumstances, mood, or relationships with others. This word is commonly used in both everyday conversation and formal contexts. For example: She couldn't hide her emotions「彼女は感情を隠せなかった」(かのじょはかんじょうをかくせなかった). His emotions were written all over his face「彼の感情は顔に表れていた」(かれのかんじょうはかおにあらわれていた). The word can also be used in compound phrases like '感情表現 (かんじょうひょうげん)' (emotional expression) or '感情移入 (かんじょういにゅう)' (empathy).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1104

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Circumstances

Reading

Kanji

事Thing 情Feeling, Emotion

Explanation

The Japanese noun '事情 (じじょう)' refers to 'circumstances' or 'situation'. It is used to describe the conditions or reasons behind a particular state of affairs. This word is often used in formal or serious contexts to explain why something has happened or why a decision was made. For example: Due to personal circumstances, I cannot attend the meeting「事情により、会議に出席できません」(じじょうにより、かいぎにしゅっせきできません). The company explained the circumstances behind the delay「会社は遅延の事情を説明しました」(かいしゃはちえんのじじょうをせつめいしました). It can also be used to refer to the background or context of a situation, such as in '事情聴取 (じじょうちょうしゅ)', which means 'hearing the circumstances'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1108

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Teacher

Reading

Kanji

師Master, Expert

Explanation

The Japanese noun '師 (し)' means 'teacher' or 'master'. It refers to someone who is highly skilled or knowledgeable in a particular field and often serves as a mentor or guide. This term is commonly used in contexts such as martial arts, arts and crafts, or academic disciplines. For example: He is my teacher「彼は私の師です」(かれはわたしのしです). The tea ceremony master is respected「茶道の師は尊敬されている」(さどうのしはそんけいされている). Note that '師' can also be part of compound words, such as '教師 (きょうし)' (teacher) or '医師 (いし)' (doctor).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1115

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Realization

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth 現Appear, Current

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '実現 (じつげん)' means 'realization' or 'actualization'. It refers to the act of making something real or bringing something into existence, such as a plan, dream, or idea. This word is often used in contexts involving goals, aspirations, or projects. For example: the realization of a dream「夢の実現」(ゆめのじつげん). The plan was realized「計画が実現した」(けいかくがじつげんした). It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as the realization of an idea「アイデアの実現」(アイデアのじつげん). Note that this word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1120

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Passage

Reading

Kanji

通Commute, Pass 過Exceed, Error

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '通過 (つうか)' means 'passage' or 'passing through'. It is used to describe the act of moving through a place, area, or situation without stopping or being significantly affected. This word is often used in contexts like transportation, where it refers to passing through a station or checkpoint without stopping, or in abstract situations, such as passing through a phase or stage. For example: The train passed through the station without stopping「電車は駅を通過した」(でんしゃはえきをつうかした). He passed through a difficult time「彼は困難な時期を通過した」(かれはこんなんなじきをつうかした). Note that '通過' can also imply a sense of transition or progression, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1129

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Group

Reading

Kanji

集Gather 団Group, Association

Explanation

The Japanese noun '集団 (しゅうだん)' means 'group'. It refers to a collection of people or things gathered together, often with a common purpose or characteristic. This term is commonly used in various contexts, such as social groups, organizations, or even inanimate objects grouped together. For example: a group of students「学生の集団」(がくせいのしゅうだん). A group of buildings「建物の集団」(たてもののしゅうだん). The word can also imply a sense of unity or collective action within the group.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1131

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Afternoon

Reading

Kanji

昼Daytime, Noon 過Exceed, Error

Explanation

The Japanese noun '昼過ぎ (ひるすぎ)' refers to the time period in the early afternoon, specifically after midday. It is used to describe the time when the sun is past its highest point but still relatively early in the afternoon. For example: I will go shopping in the afternoon「昼過ぎに買い物に行きます」(ひるすぎにかいものにいきます). The meeting is scheduled for the afternoon「会議は昼過ぎに予定されています」(かいぎはひるすぎによていされています). This term is commonly used in daily conversations to indicate a specific time frame during the day.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1132

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expression

Reading

Kanji

表Surface, Express 現Appear, Current

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '表現 (ひょうげん)' means 'expression'. It refers to the act of conveying thoughts, feelings, or ideas through words, art, gestures, or other forms of communication. It is commonly used in contexts related to language, art, and emotions. For example: Her expression in the painting is beautiful「彼女の絵の中の表現は美しい」(かのじょのえのなかのひょうげんはうつくしい). I struggled to find the right words to express my feelings「気持ちを表現する適切な言葉を見つけるのに苦労した」(きもちをひょうげんするてきせつなことばをみつけるのにくろうした). Note that '表現' can also refer to artistic or creative expression, as well as linguistic expression.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1149

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Group

Reading

Kanji

団Group, Association 体Body

Explanation

The Japanese noun '団体 (だんたい)' refers to a 'group' or 'organization', typically a formal or organized one. It is often used to describe entities such as corporations, associations, or clubs. For example: a sports organization「スポーツ団体」(スポーツだんたい). The group held a meeting「その団体は会議を開いた」(そのだんたいはかいぎをひらいた). This word emphasizes the collective nature of the group, often implying a structured or official entity.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1160

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Doctor

Reading

Kanji

医Doctor 師Master, Expert

Explanation

The Japanese noun '医師 (いし)' refers to a medical doctor, specifically someone who is licensed to practice medicine. This term is formal and is often used in professional or official contexts. It is distinct from more casual terms like 'お医者さん (おいしゃさん)', which is also used to refer to a doctor but in a more conversational or friendly tone. Example sentences: The doctor examined the patient「医師は患者を診察した」(いしはかんじゃをしんさつした). She became a doctor「彼女は医師になった」(かのじょはいしになった). Note that '医師' is typically used in written or formal speech, while 'お医者さん' is more common in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1172

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crime, Sin

Reading

Kanji

罪Sin, Guilt

Explanation

The Japanese noun '罪 (つみ)' can mean both 'sin' and 'crime', depending on the context. When referring to 'sin', it often carries a moral or religious connotation, such as an act against divine or ethical laws. For example: he confessed his sin「彼は自分の罪を告白した」(かれはじぶんのつみをこくはくした). When referring to 'crime', it denotes an act punishable by law. For example: committing a crime is wrong「罪を犯すのは間違っている」(つみをおかすのはまちがっている). The word is versatile and can be used in both formal and informal contexts, but its nuance depends heavily on the situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1176

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Teacher

Reading

Kanji

教Teach 師Master, Expert

Explanation

The Japanese noun '教師 (きょうし)' means 'teacher'. It refers to someone who teaches professionally, typically in schools or educational institutions. This word is formal and is often used to describe educators in academic settings. For example: The teacher is kind「教師は優しい」(きょうしはやさしい). I want to become a teacher「教師になりたい」(きょうしになりたい). Note that '教師' is more formal than other words like '先生 (せんせい)', which is also used to mean 'teacher' but can be used more broadly to address professionals like doctors or mentors.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1177

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Amount

Reading

Kanji

金Gold 額Amount, Forehead

Explanation

The Japanese noun '金額 (きんがく)' refers to the 'amount' of money, specifically the sum or total of a monetary value. It is commonly used in contexts involving transactions, payments, or financial discussions. For example: The total amount is 10,000 yen「金額は1万円です」(きんがくはいちまんえんです). Please check the amount on the receipt「領収書の金額を確認してください」(りょうしゅうしょのきんがくをかくにんしてください). This word is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1188

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Assets

Reading

Kanji

資Capital, Resources 産Give birth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '資産 (しさん)' refers to 'assets' in the sense of valuable resources or property owned by an individual, company, or organization. It is commonly used in financial, business, and legal contexts to describe things like money, real estate, investments, or other valuables. For example: He has a lot of assets「彼は多くの資産を持っている」(かれはおおくのしさんをもっている). The company's assets increased「会社の資産が増えた」(かいしゃのしさんがふえた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe non-material assets, such as skills or knowledge, though this is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1198

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nerve

Reading

Kanji

神God 経Manage, Elapse

Explanation

The Japanese noun '神経 (しんけい)' primarily means 'nerve' in the biological sense, referring to the fibers that transmit impulses of sensation and motion between the brain or spinal cord and other parts of the body. It can also be used metaphorically to describe sensitivity or attention to detail in various contexts. For example: He has a lot of nerve「彼は神経が太い」(かれはしんけいがふとい). She is very sensitive to noise「彼女は音に神経が細い」(かのじょはおとにしんけいがほそい). In medical contexts, it is often used to discuss conditions or treatments related to the nervous system, such as '神経痛 (しんけいつう)' which means 'neuralgia'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1201

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cute

Reading

Kanji

可Possible 愛Love

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '可愛い (かわいい)' means 'cute'. It is commonly used to describe something or someone that is endearing, charming, or attractive in a sweet or innocent way. This word is often used to describe babies, animals, or objects that evoke a sense of affection. For example: That puppy is cute「あの子犬は可愛い」(あのこいぬはかわいい). She is very cute「彼女はとても可愛い」(かのじょはとてもかわいい). The word can also be used in a broader sense to describe something that is appealing or likable, such as a cute design or a cute gesture.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1210

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Resemble

Reading

Kanji

似Resemble

Explanation

The Japanese verb '似ている (にている)' means 'to resemble' or 'to be similar'. It is used to describe a likeness or similarity between two things, people, or situations. This verb is often used in comparisons, such as when saying someone looks like another person or when two objects share similar characteristics. For example: she resembles her mother「彼女は母親に似ている」(かのじょはははおやににている). These two paintings are similar「この二つの絵は似ている」(このふたつのえはにている). The verb is typically used in its te-form (似ている) to indicate a state of resemblance or similarity.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1211

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strange, Funny

Reading

Kanji

可Possible 笑Laugh

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '可笑しい (おかしい)' can mean both 'funny' and 'strange', depending on the context. When used to describe something as 'funny', it refers to something that is humorous or amusing. For example: That joke was funny「その冗談は可笑しかった」(そのじょうだんはおかしかった). When used to describe something as 'strange', it refers to something that is odd, unusual, or out of the ordinary. For example: His behavior is strange「彼の行動は可笑しい」(かれのこうどうはおかしい). The nuance of the word can shift based on tone and context, so it's important to pay attention to how it's used in conversation.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1247

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

System

Reading

Kanji

体Body 制System, Control

Explanation

The Japanese noun '体制 (たいせい)' refers to a 'system' or 'structure', particularly in the context of political, social, or organizational frameworks. It is often used to describe the established order or arrangement of a group, institution, or society. For example: The government is trying to reform the system「政府は体制を改革しようとしている」(せいふはたいせいをかいかくしようとしている). The company has a strict hierarchical system「その会社は厳格な体制を持っている」(そのかいしゃはげんかくなたいせいをもっている). The word can also imply the status quo or the existing order, and it is commonly used in discussions about governance, management, or societal structures.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1253

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Respond

Reading

Kanji

応Answer, Respond

Explanation

The Japanese verb '応ずる (おうずる)' means 'to respond' or 'to comply with'. It is often used in formal or written contexts to indicate a reaction or reply to a request, demand, or situation. This verb can also imply fulfilling an expectation or meeting a requirement. For example: He responded to the request「彼はその要請に応じた」(かれはそのようせいにおうじた). The company complied with the regulations「会社は規制に応じた」(かいしゃはきせいにおうじた). Note that '応ずる' is the more formal or literary form of '応じる (おうじる)', which is more commonly used in everyday speech.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1257

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accident

Reading

Kanji

事Thing 故Reason, Deceased

Explanation

The Japanese noun '事故 (じこ)' refers to an 'accident'. This term is commonly used to describe unexpected and unfortunate events, often involving physical harm or damage. It can be used in various contexts, such as traffic accidents, workplace accidents, or other mishaps. For example: There was a car accident「車の事故があった」(くるまのじこがあった). The factory had an accident「工場で事故があった」(こうじょうでじこがあった). It's important to note that '事故' typically implies a negative outcome and is often used in serious or formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1279

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Duty, Obligation

Reading

Kanji

義Righteousness 務Duty, Task

Explanation

The Japanese noun '義務 (ぎむ)' refers to a moral or legal responsibility that one is required to fulfill. It can be used in various contexts, such as societal duties, legal obligations, or personal responsibilities. For example: It is the duty of citizens to pay taxes「国民の義務は税金を払うことです」(こくみんのぎむはぜいきんをはらうことです). Parents have an obligation to raise their children「親は子供を育てる義務があります」(おやはこどもをそだてるぎむがあります). The word emphasizes a sense of responsibility that is often non-negotiable or expected by society or law.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1293

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Usual, Normal

Reading

Kanji

通Commute, Pass 常Usual, Normal

Explanation

The Japanese noun '通常 (つうじょう)' refers to something that is normal, usual, or standard. It is often used to describe a state or condition that is typical or expected. For example: The store is open as usual「通常通り店は開いています」(つうじょうどおりみせはあいています). The train is running on its normal schedule「電車は通常のスケジュールで運行しています」(でんしゃはつうじょうのスケジュールでうんこうしています). This word is commonly used in formal or business contexts to indicate standard procedures or conditions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1309

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Product

Reading

Kanji

製Manufacture 品Product

Explanation

The Japanese noun '製品 (せいひん)' means 'product'. It refers to goods or items that are manufactured or produced, often in an industrial or commercial context. This word is commonly used in business, manufacturing, and everyday conversations to describe tangible items created for sale or use. For example: This company produces high-quality products「この会社は高品質な製品を生産する」(このかいしゃはこうひんしつなせいひんをせいさんする). I bought a new electronic product「新しい電子製品を買いました」(あたらしいでんしせいひんをかいました). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as agricultural products (農作物製品, のうさくもつせいひん) or cultural products (文化製品, ぶんかせいひん).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1315

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Daily

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun 常Usual, Normal

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日常 (にちじょう)' refers to the concept of 'daily life' or 'everyday routine'. It encompasses the ordinary, day-to-day activities and experiences that make up one's regular life. This term is often used to describe the mundane aspects of life, as opposed to special or extraordinary events. For example: I enjoy my daily life「私は日常を楽しんでいます」(わたしはにちじょうをたのしんでいます). The daily routine is important「日常のルーティンは大切です」(にちじょうのルーティンはたいせつです). It can also be used in phrases like '日常生活 (にちじょうせいかつ)' which means 'daily life' or 'everyday life'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1316

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stretch, Apply

Reading

Kanji

張Spread, Stretch

Explanation

The Japanese verb '張る (はる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to stretch' or 'to extend', often used when describing something being pulled tight or spread out. For example: stretch the canvas「キャンバスを張る」(キャンバスをはる). The second meaning is 'to apply' or 'to attach', commonly used when sticking or affixing something onto a surface. For example: apply a sticker「シールを張る」(シールをはる). This verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as physical actions or metaphorical extensions. Note that '張る' can also imply tension or effort, as in 'to strain' or 'to exert' in certain contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1317

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Total

Reading

Kanji

総General, Total

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '総 (そう)' is used to indicate 'total', 'overall', or 'general'. It is often attached to nouns to emphasize the entirety or comprehensive nature of something. For example: total population「総人口」(そうじんこう). Overall plan「総合計画」(そうごうけいかく). This prefix is commonly used in formal or technical contexts, such as in business, government, or academic settings. It can also imply a sense of completeness or inclusiveness, as in '総合病院 (そうごうびょういん) (general hospital)'.

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1324

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Honorific

Reading

Kanji

状Form, Condition

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '様 (さま)' is an honorific title used to show respect or politeness towards someone. It is more formal than the suffix 'さん' and is often used in formal settings, business contexts, or when addressing someone of higher status. For example: Thank you, Mr. Tanaka「田中様、ありがとうございます」(たなかさま、ありがとうございます). This is for you, esteemed guest「お客様、こちらです」(おきゃくさま、こちらです). It can also be used in written correspondence or on packages to show respect for the recipient. Note that '様' is not used for oneself or in casual conversations.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1342

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Function

Reading

Kanji

機Machine, Opportunity 能Ability

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '機能 (きのう)' means 'function'. It refers to the purpose, role, or operation of something, often used in technical, mechanical, or organizational contexts. For example: This machine's function is to cut paper「この機械の機能は紙を切ることです」(このきかいのきのうはかみをきることです). The new software improves system functionality「新しいソフトウェアはシステムの機能を向上させます」(あたらしいソフトウェアはシステムのきのうをこうじょうさせます). It can also describe the ability of something to perform its intended role, as in 'The phone's camera function is excellent'「その電話のカメラ機能は素晴らしい」(そのでんわのカメラきのうはすばらしい).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1352

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Work

Reading

Kanji

業Business 務Duty, Task

Explanation

The Japanese noun '業務 (ぎょうむ)' refers to 'work' or 'business operations'. It is commonly used in professional or corporate settings to describe tasks, duties, or activities related to one's job or the functioning of an organization. For example: He is in charge of office work「彼は事務業務を担当している」(かれはじむぎょうむをたんとうしている). The company is streamlining its operations「その会社は業務を効率化している」(そのかいしゃはぎょうむをこうりつかしている). This term is often used in formal contexts and can encompass a wide range of professional activities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1357

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Preparation

Reading

Kanji

準Follow, Semi 備Equip, Provide

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '準備 (じゅんび)' means 'preparation'. It refers to the act of getting ready or making arrangements for something. This word is commonly used in various contexts, such as preparing for an event, a trip, or even a meal. For example: I am preparing for the exam「試験の準備をしています」(しけんのじゅんびをしています). She made preparations for the party「彼女はパーティーの準備をしました」(かのじょはパーティーのじゅんびをしました). The word can also be used in compound forms, such as '準備運動 (じゅんびうんどう)' (warm-up exercises).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1364

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Design

Reading

Kanji

設Set up, Establish 計Measure, Plan

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '設計 (せっけい)' means 'design'. It refers to the process of planning and creating a detailed plan or blueprint for something, such as a building, machine, or system. This term is commonly used in engineering, architecture, and product development contexts. For example: The design of this building is innovative「この建物の設計は革新的です」(このたてもののせっけいはかくしんてきです). We are working on the design of a new car「私たちは新しい車の設計をしています」(わたしたちはあたらしいくるまのせっけいをしています). The word can also imply a broader sense of planning or structuring, such as in 'system design' or 'life design'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1366

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Matter

Reading

Kanji

件Matter, Affair

Explanation

The Japanese noun '件 (けん)' refers to a 'matter' or 'case'. It is often used in formal or official contexts to denote a specific issue, topic, or incident. For example: this matter is important「この件は重要です」(このけんはじゅうようです). I will handle that case「その件を対応します」(そのけんをたいおうします). The word is commonly used in business, legal, or administrative settings to discuss specific matters or cases that require attention or resolution.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1368

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Principle

Reading

Kanji

原Meadow, Original 則Rule

Explanation

The Japanese noun '原則 (げんそく)' refers to a fundamental truth, rule, or law that serves as the foundation for a system of belief, behavior, or reasoning. It is often used in formal or academic contexts to describe guiding rules or standards. For example: The principle of equality is important「平等の原則は大切です」(びょうどうのげんそくはたいせつです). We must follow the principles of democracy「民主主義の原則に従わなければならない」(みんしゅしゅぎのげんそくにしたがわなければならない). This word is commonly used in discussions about ethics, law, or organizational policies.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1374

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Actually

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth 際Occasion

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '実際 (じっさい)' means 'actually' or 'in reality'. It is used to emphasize the truth or reality of a situation, often contrasting with assumptions or appearances. This word is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese to clarify or confirm facts. For example: Actually, I don't know「実際、知りません」(じっさい、しりません). In reality, it's not that expensive「実際、そんなに高くない」(じっさい、そんなにたかくない). It can also be used to introduce a real-life example or experience, as in '実際に試してみた (じっさいにためしてみた) (I actually tried it).'

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1383

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Site

Reading

Kanji

現Appear, Current 場Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '現場 (げんば)' refers to the actual place where an event occurs or work is carried out. It is commonly used in contexts related to construction, crime scenes, or any place where specific activities are happening. For example: The construction site is busy「現場は忙しい」(げんばはいそがしい). The police arrived at the crime scene「警察が現場に到着した」(けいさつがげんばにとうちゃくした). This term emphasizes the physical location where actions or events take place, often implying a sense of immediacy or direct involvement.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1406

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Investment

Reading

Kanji

投Throw 資Capital, Resources

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '投資 (とうし)' means 'investment'. It refers to the act of investing money, time, or resources into something with the expectation of achieving a profit or benefit. This term is commonly used in financial contexts but can also apply to non-monetary investments, such as investing effort into a project. For example: He made a good investment in stocks「彼は株に良い投資をした」(かれはかぶにいいとうしをした). Investing in education is important「教育への投資は重要だ」(きょういくへのとうしはじゅうようだ). The word can also be used metaphorically, such as investing time in a relationship.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1409

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accurate

Reading

Kanji

正Correct 確Certain

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '正確 (せいかく)' means 'accurate'. It is used to describe something that is precise, correct, or free from errors. This word is often used in contexts where precision or correctness is important, such as in measurements, information, or descriptions. For example: The clock is accurate「その時計は正確です」(そのとけいはせいかくです). His explanation was accurate「彼の説明は正確でした」(かれのせつめいはせいかくでした). Note that '正確' can also function as a noun, as in '正確さ (せいかくさ)', which means 'accuracy'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1413

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Very

Reading

Kanji

非Mistake, Negative 常Usual, Normal

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '非常に (ひじょうに)' means 'very' or 'extremely'. It is used to emphasize the degree or intensity of something. This word is formal and is often used in written language or formal speech. For example: This is very important「これは非常に重要です」(これはひじょうにじゅうようです). The weather is extremely hot today「今日は非常に暑いです」(きょうはひじょうにあついです). It can also be used to describe emotions or states, such as '非常に嬉しい (ひじょうにうれしい)' (very happy). Note that '非常に' is more formal than other similar adverbs like 'とても' or 'すごく'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1422

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Phenomenon

Reading

Kanji

現Appear, Current 象Elephant, Phenomenon

Explanation

The Japanese noun '現象 (げんしょう)' refers to a 'phenomenon', which is an observable event or fact. It is commonly used in both scientific and everyday contexts to describe occurrences that can be observed or experienced. For example: The aurora is a natural phenomenon「オーロラは自然の現象です」(おーろらはしぜんのげんしょうです). This social phenomenon is interesting「この社会的現象は面白い」(このしゃかいてきげんしょうはおもしろい). The word can also be used in abstract contexts, such as describing trends or behaviors in society.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1424

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Investigation, Survey

Reading

Kanji

調Investigate, Tune 査Investigate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '調査 (ちょうさ)' can mean either 'investigation' or 'survey', depending on the context. It refers to the act of examining or studying something systematically to gather information. For example: The police are conducting an investigation「警察が調査をしている」(けいさつがちょうさをしている). We conducted a survey about customer satisfaction「顧客満足度についての調査を行った」(こきゃくまんぞくどについてのちょうさをおこなった). This word is often used in formal or professional settings, such as research, business, or law enforcement.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1429

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Proposal

Reading

Kanji

提Present, Submit 案Plan, Proposal

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '提案 (ていあん)' means 'proposal' or 'suggestion'. It refers to the act of formally presenting an idea, plan, or solution for consideration. This word is commonly used in professional, academic, or organizational settings. For example: I submitted a proposal to the company「会社に提案を提出しました」(かいしゃにていあんをていしゅつしました). His proposal was accepted「彼の提案は受け入れられました」(かれのていあんはうけいれられました). The word can also be used in everyday contexts, such as suggesting an idea to friends: Let's consider his proposal「彼の提案を考えましょう」(かれのていあんをかんがえましょう).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1431

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Process

Reading

Kanji

過Exceed, Error 程Order, Extent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '過程 (かてい)' means 'process'. It refers to a series of actions, changes, or functions that lead to a particular result or outcome. This word is often used in contexts where the focus is on the steps or stages involved in achieving something, rather than just the end result. For example: the process of making bread「パンを作る過程」(パンをつくるかてい). The process of learning a new language「新しい言語を学ぶ過程」(あたらしいげんごをまなぶかてい). It can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as the process of personal growth「個人の成長の過程」(こじんのせいちょうのかてい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1436

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Elephant, Statue

Reading

Kanji

像Image, Statue

Explanation

The Japanese noun '像 (ぞう)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'statue', referring to a three-dimensional representation of a person, animal, or object, often made of stone, metal, or wood. For example: There is a statue in the park「公園に像がある」(こうえんにぞうがある). The second meaning is 'elephant', referring to the large mammal. For example: The elephant is big「像は大きい」(ぞうはおおきい). The context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended, as the two are unrelated. When referring to a statue, it is often used in compounds like '銅像 (どうぞう)' (bronze statue) or '石像 (せきぞう)' (stone statue). When referring to an elephant, it is commonly used in phrases like '像の鼻 (ぞうのはな)' (elephant's trunk) or '像の牙 (ぞうのきば)' (elephant's tusk).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1461

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Spend

Reading

Kanji

過Exceed, Error

Explanation

The Japanese verb '過ごす (すごす)' means 'to spend' time or to pass time in a certain way. It is commonly used to describe how one spends their time, whether it's a day, a season, or a period of life. For example: I spent the summer in Hokkaido「夏を北海道で過ごした」(なつをほっかいどうですごした). We spent a pleasant evening together「楽しい夜を一緒に過ごした」(たのしいよるをいっしょにすごした). The verb can also imply the manner in which time is spent, such as leisurely or busily. It is a versatile verb that can be used in various contexts to describe the passage of time.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1468

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Organization

Reading

Kanji

組Association, Group 織Weave

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '組織 (そしき)' primarily means 'organization'. It refers to a structured group of people working together towards a common goal, such as a company, institution, or association. It can also refer to the act of organizing or structuring something. For example: The organization is growing「組織が成長している」(そしきがせいちょうしている). He is in charge of organizing the event「彼はイベントの組織を担当している」(かれはイベントのそしきをたんとうしている). Additionally, in a biological context, '組織' can refer to 'tissue', such as in the human body. For example: This tissue is damaged「この組織は損傷している」(このそしきはそんしょうしている).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1480

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tradition

Reading

Kanji

伝Transmit 統Unite

Explanation

The Japanese noun '伝統 (でんとう)' means 'tradition'. It refers to customs, beliefs, practices, or cultural elements that have been passed down through generations. This word is often used to describe long-standing cultural practices or historical continuity. For example: Japanese tea ceremony is a tradition「日本の茶道は伝統です」(にほんのさどうはでんとうです). We must preserve our traditions「私たちは伝統を守らなければなりません」(わたしたちはでんとうをまもらなければなりません). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as 'traditional art' (伝統芸術, でんとうげいじゅつ) or 'traditional values' (伝統的価値観, でんとうてきかちかん).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1496

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Office

Reading

Kanji

事Thing 務Duty, Task 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '事務所 (じむしょ)' refers to an 'office', a place where administrative or professional work is conducted. This term is commonly used to describe the physical location where business activities, such as paperwork, meetings, and other clerical tasks, are carried out. It can be used in various contexts, such as a law office, a real estate office, or a general business office. For example: I went to the office today「今日、事務所に行きました」(きょう、じむしょにいきました). The office is on the third floor「事務所は三階にあります」(じむしょはさんがいにあります). The word is neutral and can be applied to both small and large offices, regardless of the specific type of work being done.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1497

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Office

Reading

Kanji

事Thing 務Duty, Task 室Room

Explanation

The Japanese noun '事務室 (じむしつ)' refers to an 'office', specifically a room where administrative or clerical work is conducted. This term is commonly used in workplaces, schools, or institutions to denote a space dedicated to handling paperwork, management tasks, or other official duties. For example: The manager is in the office「マネージャーは事務室にいます」(マネージャーはじむしつにいます). Please submit the documents to the office「書類を事務室に提出してください」(しょるいをじむしつにていしゅつしてください). The word emphasizes the functional aspect of the space rather than its size or appearance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1500

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Art

Reading

Kanji

芸Art, Performance 術Art, Technique

Explanation

The Japanese noun '芸術 (げいじゅつ)' refers to 'art' in a broad sense, encompassing various forms of creative expression such as painting, sculpture, music, literature, and theater. It is often used to describe works that are considered to have aesthetic or cultural value. For example: modern art is fascinating「現代芸術は魅力的だ」(げんだいげいじゅつはみりょくてきだ). She studies art at university「彼女は大学で芸術を勉強している」(かのじょはだいがくでげいじゅつをべんきょうしている). The term can also be used in a more abstract sense to describe the concept of art itself, as in 'the essence of art'「芸術の本質」(げいじゅつのほんしつ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1506

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hiring, Adoption

Reading

Kanji

採Gather, Pick 用Use

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '採用 (さいよう)' has two distinct meanings. The first is 'hiring', which refers to the act of employing someone for a job. For example: The company is hiring new employees「会社は新しい従業員を採用している」(かいしゃはあたらしいじゅうぎょういんをさいようしている). The second meaning is 'adoption', which refers to the act of taking up or implementing something, such as a method, policy, or idea. For example: The school adopted a new teaching method「学校は新しい教育方法を採用した」(がっこうはあたらしいきょういくほうほうをさいようした). The context in which '採用' is used will determine whether it refers to hiring or adoption.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1508

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discharge

Reading

Kanji

退Retreat 院Institution

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '退院 (たいいん)' refers to the act of being discharged from a hospital or medical facility after receiving treatment. It is commonly used in medical contexts to indicate that a patient has recovered sufficiently to leave the hospital. For example: The patient was discharged from the hospital「患者は退院しました」(かんじゃはたいいんしました). She will be discharged tomorrow「彼女は明日退院します」(かのじょはあしたたいいんします). Note that '退院' is often used in formal or medical settings and implies a sense of recovery or completion of treatment.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1515

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crime

Reading

Kanji

犯Crime 罪Sin, Guilt

Explanation

The Japanese noun '犯罪 (はんざい)' means 'crime'. It refers to an act that is against the law and punishable by the legal system. This word is commonly used in legal, social, and everyday contexts to describe illegal activities. For example: The police are investigating the crime「警察は犯罪を調査しています」(けいさつははんざいをちょうさしています). He was arrested for committing a crime「彼は犯罪を犯して逮捕された」(かれははんざいをおかしてたいほされた). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as discussing crime rates or societal issues related to crime.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1522

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Increase

Reading

Kanji

増Increase 加Join, Add

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '増加 (ぞうか)' means 'increase'. It refers to the act of becoming greater in size, amount, or number. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to describe growth or expansion in various areas such as population, prices, or data. For example: The population is increasing「人口が増加している」(じんこうがぞうかしている). There was an increase in prices「価格の増加があった」(かかくのぞうかがあった). It's important to note that '増加' is often used in reports, statistics, and discussions about trends.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1528

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Evaluation, Appraisal

Reading

Kanji

評Evaluate 価Price

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '評価 (ひょうか)' refers to the act of assessing or judging the value, quality, or performance of something or someone. It is commonly used in contexts such as performance reviews, product reviews, or academic assessments. For example: The teacher gave a high evaluation to the student「先生はその生徒に高い評価を与えた」(せんせいはそのせいとにたかいひょうかをあたえた). This product received a good appraisal from customers「この商品は顧客から良い評価を受けた」(このしょうひんはこきゃくからよいひょうかをうけた). Note that '評価' can also imply a formal or systematic judgment, often used in professional or academic settings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1535

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Repair

Reading

Kanji

修Discipline 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '修理 (しゅうり)' means 'repair'. It refers to the act of fixing or restoring something that is broken or damaged. This word is commonly used in contexts involving mechanical, electronic, or structural repairs. For example: I will repair the car「車を修理します」(くるまをしゅうりします). The watch is under repair「時計は修理中です」(とけいはしゅうりちゅうです). It can also be used in a broader sense, such as repairing relationships or systems, though it is most frequently associated with physical objects.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1540

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Break, Tear

Reading

Kanji

破Break, Tear

Explanation

The Japanese verb '破れる (やぶれる)' primarily means 'to tear' or 'to break'. It is used to describe something that has been physically torn, such as paper or fabric, or something that has broken, such as a relationship or a plan. For example: the paper tore「紙が破れた」(かみがやぶれた). Their relationship broke「彼らの関係が破れた」(かれらのかんけいがやぶれた). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe the failure or collapse of something, such as a plan or a dream. For example: the plan fell apart「計画が破れた」(けいかくがやぶれた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1552

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Property

Reading

Kanji

財Wealth 産Give birth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '財産 (ざいさん)' refers to 'property' or 'assets'. It encompasses anything of value that is owned by an individual or entity, including real estate, money, investments, and personal belongings. This term is often used in legal and financial contexts to discuss ownership, inheritance, or wealth. For example: He inherited a large property「彼は大きな財産を相続した」(かれはおおきなざいさんをそうぞくした). Protecting intellectual property is important「知的財産を守ることは重要だ」(ちてきざいさんをまもることはじゅうようだ). The word can also metaphorically refer to non-material assets, such as skills or experiences, considered valuable.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1554

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strategy

Reading

Kanji

戦Fight, War 略Abbreviation, Strategy

Explanation

The Japanese noun '戦略 (せんりゃく)' means 'strategy'. It refers to a carefully devised plan or method to achieve a specific goal, often used in contexts like business, military, or personal planning. For example: The company's strategy was successful「会社の戦略は成功した」(かいしゃのせんりゃくはせいこうした). He is good at creating strategies「彼は戦略を立てるのが上手だ」(かれはせんりゃくをたてるのがじょうずだ). This word is commonly used in formal or professional settings and emphasizes a long-term, well-thought-out approach.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1571

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Support

Reading

Kanji

支Branch, Support

Explanation

The Japanese verb '支える (ささえる)' means 'to support'. It is used to describe the act of providing physical, emotional, or financial support to someone or something. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as supporting a family, holding up a structure, or backing up an idea. For example: I support my family「私は家族を支える」(わたしはかぞくをささえる). The pillars support the building「柱が建物を支えている」(はしらがたてものをささえている). It can also imply sustaining or maintaining something, as in '支える力 (ささえるちから) (supporting force)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1582

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Old

Reading

Kanji

旧Old, Past

Explanation

The Japanese noun '旧 (きゅう)' primarily means 'old' or 'former'. It is often used to refer to something that is outdated, previous, or no longer in use. This word is commonly seen in contexts such as '旧制度 (きゅうせいど)' meaning 'old system' or '旧友 (きゅうゆう)' meaning 'old friend'. It can also be used in historical contexts to refer to past eras or systems. For example: the old calendar「旧暦」(きゅうれき). This is the former president「これは旧大統領です」(これはきゅうだいとうりょうです). The word '旧' is often used in formal or written contexts and carries a nuance of something being replaced or outdated.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1583

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Longtime

Reading

Kanji

久Long time

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '久しぶり (ひさしぶり)' is used to express that something is happening after a long time or that it has been a while since something last occurred. It often conveys a sense of nostalgia or excitement about re-engaging with something familiar. For example: It's been a long time since I saw you「久しぶりに会いました」(ひさしぶりにあいました). It's been a while since I ate sushi「久しぶりに寿司を食べました」(ひさしぶりにすしをたべました). This word is commonly used in casual conversations and can also stand alone as an exclamation, such as '久しぶり！' to mean 'Long time no see!' or 'It's been a while!'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1597

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Element, Factor

Reading

Kanji

要Important, Need 素Element

Explanation

The Japanese noun '要素 (ようそ)' can mean both 'element' and 'factor'. As 'element', it refers to a fundamental or essential part of something, often used in scientific or technical contexts. For example: Hydrogen is an important element「水素は重要な要素です」(すいそはじゅうようなようそです). As 'factor', it refers to something that contributes to a result or situation. For example: Hard work is a key factor for success「努力は成功の重要な要素です」(どりょくはせいこうのじゅうようなようそです). The word is versatile and can be used in various contexts, from chemistry to social sciences.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1598

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Matter, Substance

Reading

Kanji

物Thing 質Quality

Explanation

The Japanese noun '物質 (ぶっしつ)' refers to 'substance' or 'matter'. It is used to describe physical materials or the fundamental components that make up objects. This word is often used in scientific, philosophical, or everyday contexts to discuss the nature of physical entities. For example: This substance is dangerous「この物質は危険です」(このぶっしつはきけんです). Matter cannot be created or destroyed「物質は創造も破壊もできない」(ぶっしつはそうぞうもはかいもできない). The word can also be used in abstract contexts, such as discussing the 'substance' of an argument or idea.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1610

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Criminal

Reading

Kanji

犯Crime 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '犯人 (はんにん)' refers to a 'criminal' or 'culprit', specifically someone who has committed a crime or wrongdoing. It is commonly used in legal, police, or investigative contexts. For example: The criminal was arrested「犯人は逮捕された」(はんにんはたいほされた). Who is the culprit?「犯人は誰ですか？」(はんにんはだれですか？). The word is neutral in tone and does not carry additional connotations unless specified by context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1624

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Edition, Version

Reading

Kanji

版Printing block, Edition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '版 (はん)' refers to an 'edition' or 'version' of something, such as a book, software, or media. It is commonly used to specify a particular release or iteration of a product. For example: This is the latest edition of the book「これは本の最新版です」(これはほんのさいしんばんです). The software version has been updated「ソフトウェアの版が更新されました」(ソフトウェアのはんがこうしんされました). Note that '版' can also refer to printing plates or blocks in traditional contexts, but this usage is less common in modern language.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1626

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Even

Reading

Kanji

仮Temporary 令Orders

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '仮令 (たとえ)' is used to express a hypothetical or extreme condition, often translated as 'even if' or 'even though'. It is commonly used in conjunction with words like 'ても' or 'でも' to emphasize that the following statement holds true regardless of the condition. For example: Even if it rains, I will go「仮令雨が降っても、行きます」(たとえあめがふっても、いきます). Even though it's difficult, I won't give up「仮令難しくても、諦めない」(たとえむずかしくても、あきらめない). This word is often used in formal or literary contexts and carries a sense of strong determination or inevitability.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1632

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Construction

Reading

Kanji

建Build 設Set up, Establish

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '建設 (けんせつ)' means 'construction'. It refers to the process of building structures, such as buildings, bridges, or infrastructure. This word is often used in contexts related to urban development, engineering, or architecture. For example: The construction of the new bridge will start next month「新しい橋の建設は来月始まります」(あたらしいはしのけんせつはらいげつはじまります). The company specializes in the construction of skyscrapers「その会社は高層ビルの建設を専門としています」(そのかいしゃはこうそうビルのけんせつをせんもんとしています). Note that '建設' can also be used metaphorically to describe the building or establishment of abstract concepts, such as relationships or systems.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1638

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Structure, Composition

Reading

Kanji

構Structure, Care 成Become

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '構成 (こうせい)' refers to the way something is composed or structured. It is often used to describe the arrangement or organization of elements within a system, document, artwork, or group. For example: the composition of this painting is unique「この絵の構成は独特だ」(このえのこうせいはどくとくだ). The structure of the team is well-balanced「チームの構成はバランスが取れている」(チームのこうせいはバランスがとれている). Note that '構成' can also be used in contexts like writing, music, or design to describe how parts are arranged to form a whole.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1641

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Judgment

Reading

Kanji

判Judge, Stamp 断Decide, Cut off

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '判断 (はんだん)' means 'judgment' or 'decision'. It refers to the act of making a decision or forming an opinion after careful consideration. This word is often used in contexts where someone evaluates a situation or information to reach a conclusion. For example: I made a quick judgment「私はすぐに判断した」(わたしはすぐにはんだんした). His judgment was correct「彼の判断は正しかった」(かれのはんだんはただしかった). It can also be used in professional or formal settings, such as in legal or medical contexts, to describe the process of making a critical decision.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1662

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crosswalk

Reading

Kanji

横Sideways 断Decide, Cut off 歩Walk 道Way

Explanation

The Japanese noun '横断歩道 (おうだんほどう)' refers to a 'crosswalk', which is a designated area on a road where pedestrians can safely cross. It is typically marked with white stripes and often accompanied by traffic signals or signs. Example sentences: Please use the crosswalk「横断歩道を使ってください」(おうだんほどうをつかってください). The crosswalk is over there「横断歩道はあそこです」(おうだんほどうはあそこです). This word is commonly used in everyday conversations, especially when giving directions or discussing road safety.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1666

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Trade

Reading

Kanji

貿Trade 易Easy

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '貿易 (ぼうえき)' refers to 'trade', specifically the exchange of goods and services between countries or regions. It is commonly used in contexts related to international commerce, economics, and business. For example: Japan trades with many countries「日本は多くの国と貿易をしている」(にほんはおおくのくにとぼうえきをしている). International trade is important for the economy「国際貿易は経済にとって重要だ」(こくさいぼうえきはけいざいにとってじゅうようだ). The term can also be used in compound words like '貿易会社 (ぼうえきがいしゃ)' (trading company) or '貿易赤字 (ぼうえきあかじ)' (trade deficit).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1682

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Import

Reading

Kanji

輸Transport 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '輸入 (ゆにゅう)' means 'import'. It refers to the act of bringing goods or services into a country from abroad for sale or use. This term is commonly used in economic and trade contexts. For example: Japan imports oil from the Middle East「日本は中東から石油を輸入する」(にほんはちゅうとうからせきゆをゆにゅうする). The company imports high-quality materials「その会社は高品質の材料を輸入する」(そのかいしゃはこうひんしつのざいりょうをゆにゅうする). It is often used in contrast with '輸出 (ゆしゅつ)', which means 'export'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1685

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Export

Reading

Kanji

輸Transport 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '輸出 (ゆしゅつ)' means 'export'. It refers to the act of sending goods or services to another country for sale or trade. This term is commonly used in economic, business, and trade contexts. For example: Japan exports cars「日本は車を輸出する」(にほんはくるまをゆしゅつする). The company exports electronics「その会社は電子機器を輸出する」(そのかいしゃはでんしききをゆしゅつする). The word can also be used in compound terms, such as '輸出業 (ゆしゅつぎょう)' (export industry).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1688

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Review

Reading

Kanji

復Restore 習Learn

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '復習 (ふくしゅう)' means 'review' or 'revision'. It refers to the act of going over previously learned material to reinforce understanding or memory. This term is commonly used in educational contexts, such as studying for exams or practicing skills. For example: I will review the lesson「復習をします」(ふくしゅうをします). She reviewed her notes before the test「彼女はテスト前にノートを復習した」(かのじょはテストまえにノートをふくしゅうした). The word emphasizes the repetition of learning to ensure retention and mastery.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1693

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Study abroad

Reading

Kanji

留Stay, Detain 学Learn

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '留学 (りゅうがく)' refers to the act of studying abroad, typically in a foreign country for a certain period of time. It is commonly used in contexts where someone is pursuing education or research in a different country. For example: I want to study abroad in America「アメリカに留学したいです」(あめりかにりゅうがくしたいです). She is studying abroad in France「彼女はフランスに留学しています」(かのじょはふらんすにりゅうがくしています). The term is often associated with higher education but can also apply to language studies or specialized training programs.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1696

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stop

Reading

Kanji

停Halt 留Stay, Detain 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '停留所 (ていりゅうじょ)' refers to a 'stop', specifically a bus stop or tram stop. It is commonly used in the context of public transportation to indicate where buses or trams halt to pick up or drop off passengers. For example: The bus stop is over there「バスの停留所はあそこです」(ばすのていりゅうじょはあそこです). I will wait at the tram stop「路面電車の停留所で待ちます」(ろめんでんしゃのていりゅうじょでまちます). This word is essential for navigating public transportation systems in Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1698

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Registered mail

Reading

Kanji

書Write 留Stay, Detain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '書留 (かきとめ)' refers to 'registered mail,' a service offered by postal systems that provides proof of mailing and a detailed record of delivery. It is commonly used when sending important documents that require tracking and confirmation of receipt. Example sentences include: I will send this as registered mail 「これを書留で送ります」 (これをかきとめでおくります). Please send this letter by registered mail 「この手紙を書留で送ってください」 (このてがみをかきとめでおってください). This term is essential for anyone handling important mail in Japan, as it ensures the document's security and traceability.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1701

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Art

Reading

Kanji

美Beautiful 術Art, Technique

Explanation

The Japanese noun '美術 (びじゅつ)' refers to 'art', specifically visual arts such as painting, sculpture, and other forms of creative expression. It is often used in contexts related to museums, galleries, and academic discussions about art. For example: I went to the art museum「美術館に行きました」(びじゅつかんにいきました). She studies art history「彼女は美術史を勉強しています」(かのじょはびじゅつしをべんきょうしています). The term can also be used in compound words like '美術館 (びじゅつかん)' (art museum) or '美術品 (びじゅつひん)' (artwork).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1719

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Evening newspaper

Reading

Kanji

夕Evening 刊Publish, Edition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夕刊 (ゆうかん)' means 'evening newspaper.' This word refers to a newspaper that is published and distributed in the evening, typically containing the latest news and updates of the day. It is often contrasted with '朝刊 (ちょうかん)', which is the morning edition. Example sentences include: I read the evening newspaper every day 「私は毎日夕刊を読みます」 (わたしはまいにちゆうかんをよみます). The evening newspaper has more local news 「夕刊には地元のニュースが多い」 (ゆうかんにはじもとのニュースがおおい). Note that '夕刊' is specifically used to refer to newspapers and not other types of evening publications.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1733

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Treaty

Reading

Kanji

条Clause 約Promise, Approximately

Explanation

The Japanese noun '条約 (じょうやく)' refers to a formal agreement between countries or organizations, typically involving legal obligations. It is commonly used in the context of international relations, diplomacy, or legal frameworks. For example: The two countries signed a peace treaty「両国は平和条約に調印した」(りょうこくはへいわじょうやくにちょういんした). This treaty is important for global cooperation「この条約は国際協力にとって重要です」(このじょうやくはこくさいきょうりょくにとってじゅうようです). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as agreements between organizations or groups, but its primary usage is in diplomatic or legal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1742

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Group

Reading

Kanji

群Group, Flock

Explanation

The Japanese noun '群 (ぐん)' means 'group'. It refers to a collection or gathering of people, animals, or things. This word is often used to describe a large number of entities that are together in one place. For example: a group of birds「鳥の群」(とりのぐん). A group of people gathered in the park「公園に群がる人々」(こうえんにむらがるひとびと). The word can also imply a sense of movement or activity within the group, such as in 'a swarm of bees'「蜂の群」(はちのぐん). It is important to note that '群' often carries a neutral or descriptive tone, and it is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1743

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Remain

Reading

Kanji

余Excess

Explanation

The Japanese verb '余る (あまる)' means 'to remain' or 'to be left over'. It is used to describe a situation where there is more of something than needed, resulting in a surplus. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as food, time, or resources. For example: There is food left over「食べ物が余っている」(たべものがあまっている). We have extra time「時間が余っている」(じかんがあまっている). It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as when describing emotions or situations that exceed expectations. For instance: Her kindness is more than I can handle「彼女の優しさには余るほどだ」(かのじょのやさしさにはあまるほどだ).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1769

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wonderful

Reading

Kanji

素Element 晴Clear

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '素晴らしい (すばらしい)' means 'wonderful' or 'splendid'. It is used to describe something that is exceptionally good, impressive, or excellent. This word can be applied to a wide range of situations, such as describing a beautiful view, a great performance, or an outstanding achievement. For example: The view from the mountain is wonderful「山からの眺めは素晴らしい」(やまからのながめはすばらしい). Her performance was splendid「彼女のパフォーマンスは素晴らしかった」(かのじょのパフォーマンスはすばらしかった). The word carries a positive and enthusiastic tone, often used to express admiration or high praise.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1795

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Care, Mind

Reading

Kanji

構Structure, Care

Explanation

The Japanese verb '構う (かまう)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to mind' or 'to be concerned about', often used in contexts where someone is bothered or affected by something. The second meaning is 'to care for' or 'to look after', which can imply taking care of someone or something. This verb is versatile and can be used in both positive and negative contexts. For example: I don't mind if you come late「遅れても構いません」(おくてもかまいません). She cares for stray cats「彼女は野良猫を構う」(かのじょはのらねこをかまう). It's important to note that '構う' can also imply a sense of interference or meddling, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1797

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clear, Definite

Reading

Kanji

明Bright 確Certain

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '明確 (めいかく)' means 'clear' or 'definite'. It is used to describe something that is precise, unambiguous, or clearly defined. This word is often used in formal or professional contexts to emphasize clarity or certainty. For example: The instructions were clear「指示は明確だった」(しじはめいかくだった). We need a definite answer「明確な答えが必要です」(めいかくなこたえがひつようです). Note that '明確' is often used to describe abstract concepts like ideas, plans, or explanations, rather than physical objects.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1798

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thickness

Reading

Kanji

厚Thick, Kind

Explanation

The Japanese noun '厚さ (あつさ)' refers to the measurement of how thick something is. It is commonly used to describe the physical thickness of objects such as books, walls, or materials. For example: The thickness of this book is impressive「この本の厚さはすごい」(このほんのあつさはすごい). Please measure the thickness of the wall「壁の厚さを測ってください」(かべのあつさをはかってください). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe the depth or intensity of abstract concepts, such as relationships or emotions, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1801

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Finance

Reading

Kanji

財Wealth 政Government, Politics

Explanation

The Japanese noun '財政 (ざいせい)' refers to 'finance' or 'financial affairs', particularly in the context of public or government finance. It is commonly used to discuss the financial condition, management, or policies of a government, organization, or institution. For example: The government's finances are in bad shape「政府の財政は悪い状態です」(せいふのざいせいはわるいじょうたいです). The city is struggling with its finances「市の財政が苦しい」(しのざいせいがくるしい). This term is often used in formal or administrative contexts and is distinct from personal or private finance, which would typically use terms like '家計 (かけい)' or '個人の財政 (こじんのざいせい)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1803

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Group

Reading

Kanji

団Group, Association

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '団 (だん)' means 'group' or 'organization'. It is commonly used to form nouns that refer to organized groups of people, such as clubs, teams, or associations. For example: a sports team「スポーツ団」(すぽーつだん). a volunteer group「ボランティア団」(ぼらんてぃあだん). This suffix is often attached to nouns to indicate a collective or organized body. It can also carry a formal or official tone, depending on the context. Note that '団' is rarely used alone and typically appears as part of a compound word.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1808

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Implementation, Introduction

Reading

Kanji

導Lead, Guide 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '導入 (どうにゅう)' can mean either 'introduction' or 'implementation', depending on the context. When used to mean 'introduction', it refers to the act of bringing something new into a system, environment, or discussion. For example: the introduction of new technology「新しい技術の導入」(あたらしいぎじゅつのどうにゅう). When used to mean 'implementation', it refers to the act of putting a plan or system into effect. For example: the implementation of new policies「新しい政策の導入」(あたらしいせいさくのどうにゅう). The word is often used in business, technology, and academic contexts to describe the process of adopting or applying something new.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1829

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Get used

Reading

Kanji

慣Accustomed

Explanation

The Japanese verb '慣れる (なれる)' means 'to get used to' or 'to become accustomed to'. It is used to describe the process of becoming familiar with something, such as a new environment, situation, or habit. For example: I got used to the new job「新しい仕事に慣れた」(あたらしいしごとになれた). She is getting used to living alone「彼女は一人暮らしに慣れつつある」(かのじょはひとりぐらしになれつつある). This verb is often used in contexts where someone adapts to changes or new circumstances over time.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1836

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Compilation

Reading

Kanji

編Edit, Knit

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '編 (へん)' is used to denote a compilation, edition, or volume of something, often in the context of books, series, or collections. It is commonly attached to nouns to indicate a specific part or installment of a larger work. For example: the first volume of the series「シリーズの第一編」(シリーズのだいいっぺん). This is the final edition of the magazine「これは雑誌の最終編です」(これはざっしのさいしゅうへんです). The suffix can also imply a sense of organization or arrangement, as in a 'compilation of stories' (物語編, ものがたりへん).

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1839

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Invitation

Reading

Kanji

招Invite 待Wait

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '招待 (しょうたい)' means 'invitation'. It refers to the act of inviting someone to an event, gathering, or occasion. This word is commonly used in formal and informal contexts, such as inviting someone to a party, meeting, or ceremony. For example: I received an invitation to the wedding「結婚式の招待を受けた」(けっこんしきのしょうたいをうけた). Please send an invitation to the guests「ゲストに招待状を送ってください」(ゲストにしょうたいじょうをおくってください). Note that '招待' can also be used as a verb in its stem form, such as '招待する (しょうたいする)', meaning 'to invite'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1846

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Decrease

Reading

Kanji

減Decrease

Explanation

The Japanese verb '減る (へる)' means 'to decrease' or 'to diminish'. It is used to describe a reduction in quantity, size, or intensity. This verb is often used in contexts involving numbers, resources, or physical amounts. For example: the number of students decreased「学生の数が減った」(がくせいのかずがへった). The water level is decreasing「水位が減っている」(すいいがへっている). It can also be used metaphorically, such as when describing a decrease in energy or motivation: my energy has decreased「私の元気が減った」(わたしのげんきがへった). Note that '減る' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1852

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Effective

Reading

Kanji

有Exist 効Effective

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '有効 (ゆうこう)' means 'effective'. It is used to describe something that is valid, in effect, or producing the desired result. This term is commonly used in contexts such as legal documents, contracts, or when discussing the efficacy of methods, strategies, or treatments. For example: This coupon is still effective「このクーポンはまだ有効です」(このクーポンはまだゆうこうです). The new policy is effective from today「新しいポリシーは今日から有効です」(あたらしいポリシーはきょうからゆうこうです). It can also be used to describe something that is useful or functional, as in '有効な手段 (ゆうこうなしゅだん) (effective means)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1864

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bullet train

Reading

Kanji

新New 幹Trunk, Main 線Line

Explanation

The Japanese noun '新幹線 (しんかんせん)' refers to the high-speed railway system in Japan, commonly known as the 'bullet train'. It is a network of trains that operate at very high speeds, connecting major cities across Japan. The term is often used to describe the trains themselves, as well as the system as a whole. For example: I took the bullet train to Osaka「新幹線で大阪に行きました」(しんかんせんでおおさかにいきました). The bullet train is very fast「新幹線はとても速いです」(しんかんせんはとてもはやいです). The 新幹線 is a symbol of Japan's technological advancement and efficiency in transportation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1912

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Occupation

Reading

Kanji

職Employment 業Business

Explanation

The Japanese noun '職業 (しょくぎょう)' means 'occupation' or 'profession'. It refers to a person's job or the type of work they do to earn a living. This word is commonly used in formal or everyday contexts to discuss careers, employment, or vocational topics. For example: What is your occupation?「あなたの職業は何ですか？」(あなたのしょくぎょうはなんですか？). Teaching is a rewarding occupation「教えることはやりがいのある職業です」(おしえることはやりがいのあるしょくぎょうです). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as discussing career choices or societal roles.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1940

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Childcare

Reading

Kanji

保Preserve 育Raise, Grow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '保育 (ほいく)' refers to the care and education of young children, typically in a nursery or preschool setting. It encompasses activities and services aimed at nurturing and developing children during their early years. For example: She works in childcare「彼女は保育の仕事をしています」(かのじょはほいくのしごとをしています). The nursery provides excellent childcare「その保育園は素晴らしい保育を提供しています」(そのほいくえんはすばらしいほいくをていきょうしています). This term is often associated with professional childcare services and institutions like '保育園 (ほいくえん)' (nursery school).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1942

Composition

kanji

Handwriting