Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Kanji School Grade

word

Meaning

Ratio

Reading

Kanji

割Divide, Split

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '割 (わり)' is used to indicate a ratio or proportion, often in the context of percentages or fractions. It is commonly used in financial, statistical, or everyday contexts to express how much of something is being divided or allocated. For example: a 30% discount「30%割引」(さんじゅっぱーせんとわりびき). The room is divided into two parts「部屋は二つに割られている」(へやはふたつにわられている). Note that '割' can also be used as a standalone noun meaning 'division' or 'split', but as a suffix, it primarily conveys the idea of proportion or ratio.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1494

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Revolution

Reading

Kanji

革Reform, Leather 命Command, Life

Explanation

The Japanese noun '革命 (かくめい)' means 'revolution'. It refers to a fundamental and often sudden change in political power or organizational structures, typically brought about by the governed population. It can also refer to a dramatic and wide-reaching change in conditions, attitudes, or operations. For example: The industrial revolution changed society「産業革命は社会を変えた」(さんぎょうかくめいわしゃかいをかえた). The revolution brought freedom to the people「革命は人々に自由をもたらした」(かくめいわひとびとにじゆうをもたらした). This term is often used in historical, political, and technological contexts to denote significant transformations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1513

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Employment

Reading

Kanji

就Settle, Concerning 職Employment

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '就職 (しゅうしょく)' refers to the act of obtaining employment or starting a job, typically after completing education or training. It is commonly used in contexts related to job hunting, career beginnings, or transitioning into the workforce. For example: I found employment at a big company「大きな会社に就職しました」(おおきなかいしゃにしゅうしょくしました). She is looking for employment「彼女は就職を探しています」(かのじょはしゅうしょくをさがしています). The term is often associated with formal or full-time positions and is a significant milestone in Japanese society.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1514

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hole

Reading

Kanji

穴Hole

Explanation

The Japanese noun '穴 (あな)' means 'hole'. It refers to an opening or hollow space in a surface or object. This word can be used in various contexts, such as describing a hole in the ground, a hole in clothing, or even metaphorical holes like gaps in knowledge. For example: There is a hole in the wall「壁に穴がある」(かべにあながある). I found a hole in my sock「靴下に穴を見つけた」(くつしたにあなをみつけた). The word can also be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '穴があったら入りたい (あながあったらはいりたい)', which means 'I want to crawl into a hole' and expresses extreme embarrassment.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1523

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Criticism

Reading

Kanji

批Criticize 判Judge, Stamp

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '批判 (ひはん)' means 'criticism'. It refers to the act of analyzing and evaluating something, often pointing out its faults or shortcomings. This word is commonly used in contexts such as social commentary, reviews, or discussions where judgment or evaluation is involved. For example: His criticism was harsh「彼の批判は厳しかった」(かれのひはんはきびしかった). The media criticized the government「メディアは政府を批判した」(メディアはせいふをひはんした). Note that '批判' can carry a negative connotation, implying disapproval or fault-finding, but it can also be used neutrally in analytical contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1534

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Power, Authority

Reading

Kanji

権Rights, Authority 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese noun '権力 (けんりょく)' refers to 'power' or 'authority', particularly in a political, social, or organizational context. It often implies the ability to control or influence others, institutions, or systems. For example: The government holds great power「政府は大きな権力を持っている」(せいふはおおきなけんりょくをもっている). He used his authority to make decisions「彼は権力を使って決定を下した」(かれはけんりょくをつかってけっていをくだした). Note that '権力' is often associated with formal or institutional power, as opposed to personal influence or strength.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1536

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Breakdown, Malfunction

Reading

Kanji

故Reason, Deceased 障Hinder, Hurt

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '故障 (こしょう)' refers to a breakdown or malfunction, typically of machinery, equipment, or systems. It is commonly used to describe when something stops working properly due to a defect or failure. For example: The car broke down「車が故障した」(くるまがこしょうした). The computer is malfunctioning「コンピューターが故障している」(コンピューターがこしょうしている). This term is often used in technical or mechanical contexts but can also apply to abstract systems or plans that fail to function as intended.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1538

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Brain

Reading

Kanji

脳Brain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '脳 (のう)' refers to the 'brain', the organ in the head that controls thought, memory, and bodily functions. It is commonly used in both scientific and everyday contexts. For example: The brain is an important organ「脳は重要な器官です」(のうはじゅうようなきかんです). He has a sharp brain「彼は鋭い脳を持っている」(かれはするどいのうをもっている). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe intelligence or mental capacity, as in '彼は脳がいい (かれはのうがいい) (He is smart).'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1559

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Posture

Reading

Kanji

姿Shape, Figure 勢Power, Force

Explanation

The Japanese noun '姿勢 (しせい)' primarily means 'posture'. It refers to the way in which someone holds their body, especially when standing or sitting. This word can also be used metaphorically to describe someone's attitude or stance towards a particular issue. For example: good posture is important「良い姿勢は大切です」(よいしせいはたいせつです). His posture towards work is very serious「彼の仕事に対する姿勢はとても真剣です」(かれのしごとにたいするしせいはとてもしんけんです). In both literal and metaphorical contexts, '姿勢' emphasizes the physical or mental alignment of a person.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1564

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shogunate

Reading

Kanji

幕Curtain 府Government office, Urban prefecture

Explanation

The Japanese noun '幕府 (ばくふ)' refers to the 'shogunate', which was the military government of Japan during the feudal period. The shogunate was headed by the shogun, the supreme military commander, and it was the de facto government of Japan from the 12th to the 19th century, while the emperor remained a symbolic figurehead. The term is often used in historical contexts to describe the political and military structure of feudal Japan. For example: The Tokugawa shogunate ruled Japan for over 250 years「徳川幕府は250年以上日本を支配した」(とくがわばくふはにひゃくごじゅうねんいじょうにほんをしはいした). The shogunate was abolished during the Meiji Restoration「幕府は明治維新の際に廃止された」(ばくふはめいじいしんのさいにはいしされた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1572

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Doubt

Reading

Kanji

疑Doubt, Suspect 問Question, Problem

Explanation

The Japanese noun '疑問 (ぎもん)' means 'doubt' or 'question'. It refers to a feeling of uncertainty or lack of conviction about something. This word is often used when someone is unsure about a fact, statement, or situation. For example: I have doubts about his story「彼の話に疑問を持っています」(かれのはなしにぎもんをもっています). There is no doubt that she is talented「彼女が才能があることに疑問はありません」(かのじょがさいのうがあることにぎもんはありません). The word can also be used in a more philosophical sense to express skepticism or inquiry, as in '疑問を抱く (ぎもんをいだく)' (to harbor doubts).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1585

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Washroom

Reading

Kanji

洗Wash 面Face, Surface 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '洗面所 (せんめんじょ)' refers to a 'washroom' or 'bathroom sink area'. It is specifically used to describe the area where one washes their face, brushes their teeth, or performs other personal hygiene tasks. This term is commonly used in homes, hotels, and public facilities. For example: The washroom is on the first floor「洗面所は一階にあります」(せんめんじょはいっかいにあります). I left my toothbrush in the washroom「洗面所に歯ブラシを忘れました」(せんめんじょにはブラシをわすれました). Note that this term is distinct from 'トイレ (といれ)', which specifically refers to the toilet area.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1592

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Refrigerator

Reading

Kanji

冷Cold 蔵Storehouse 庫Warehouse

Explanation

The Japanese noun '冷蔵庫 (れいぞうこ)' means 'refrigerator'. It refers to an electrical appliance used to store food and keep it cold or frozen. This word is commonly used in everyday life when discussing household items or food storage. For example: Please put the milk in the refrigerator「牛乳を冷蔵庫に入れてください」(ぎゅうにゅうをれいぞうこにいれてください). The refrigerator is broken「冷蔵庫が壊れている」(れいぞうこがこわれている). It's important to note that this word is a compound noun, with '冷蔵' meaning 'cold storage' and '庫' meaning 'storage house' or 'repository'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1606

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Secret

Reading

Kanji

秘Secret 密Secret, Dense

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '秘密 (ひみつ)' means 'secret'. It refers to something that is kept hidden or concealed from others, often because it is private, confidential, or sensitive. This word can be used to describe information, actions, or objects that are not meant to be disclosed. For example: This is a secret「これは秘密です」(これはひみつです). She told me her secret「彼女は秘密を教えてくれた」(かのじょはひみつをおしえてくれた). The word can also be used in compound phrases, such as '秘密の場所 (ひみつのばしょ)' (secret place) or '秘密を守る (ひみつをまもる)' (to keep a secret).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1631

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Visit

Reading

Kanji

訪Visit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '訪れる (おとずれる)' means 'to visit'. It is used to describe the act of going to a place, often with a sense of formality or significance. This verb can be used for visiting people, places, or even abstract concepts like seasons or events. For example: I visited my friend's house「友達の家を訪れた」(ともだちのいえをおとずれた). Spring has arrived「春が訪れた」(はるがおとずれた). Note that '訪れる' often carries a slightly more formal or poetic tone compared to the more casual '行く (いく)' or '訪ねる (たずねる)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1664

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Height

Reading

Kanji

背Back, Height

Explanation

The Japanese noun '背 (せ)' primarily refers to 'height' or 'stature' of a person. It is commonly used to describe how tall someone is. For example: His height is impressive「彼の背は高い」(かれのせはたかい). Additionally, '背' can also refer to the 'back' of a person or an object, though this usage is less common in everyday conversation. For example: She has a straight back「彼女の背はまっすぐだ」(かのじょのせはまっすぐだ). The word is versatile but most frequently used in the context of physical height.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1671

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Home, Otaku

Reading

Kanji

宅House

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'お宅 (おたく)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'home' or 'house', used in a polite or formal context. For example: Is this your home?「こちらがお宅ですか？」(こちらがおたくですか？). The second meaning refers to 'otaku', a term used to describe someone with obsessive interests, particularly in anime, manga, or other subcultures. For example: He is an otaku「彼はおたくです」(かれはおたくです). The term 'otaku' can carry a neutral or negative connotation depending on the context, often implying extreme dedication to a hobby or interest.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1705

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Layer

Reading

Kanji

層Layer

Explanation

The Japanese noun '層 (そう)' primarily means 'layer'. It is used to describe a stratum or level of material, such as in geology or construction. For example: the earth's crust has many layers「地殻には多くの層がある」(ちかくにはおおくのそうがある). It can also be used metaphorically to describe social strata or levels within a hierarchy. For example: the upper class is a small layer of society「上流階級は社会の小さな層だ」(じょうりゅうかいきゅうはしゃかいのちいさなそうだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1706

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

One way

Reading

Kanji

片Fragment, One sided 道Way

Explanation

The Japanese noun '片道 (かたみち)' means 'one-way'. It is commonly used to describe travel or transportation that goes in a single direction without returning. For example: I bought a one-way ticket「片道のチケットを買いました」(かたみちのチケットをかいました). The train is one-way「その電車は片道です」(そのでんしゃはかたみちです). This term is often used in contexts like tickets, routes, or trips where the journey does not include a return. It contrasts with '往復 (おうふく)', which means 'round-trip'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1717

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Heredity

Reading

Kanji

遺Leave behind 伝Transmit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '遺伝 (いでん)' refers to 'heredity' or the passing of traits from parents to offspring through genes. It is commonly used in scientific, medical, and everyday contexts to discuss genetic inheritance. For example: Heredity influences eye color「遺伝は目の色に影響する」(いでんはめのいろにえいきょうする). This disease is caused by heredity「この病気は遺伝によるものです」(このびょうきはいでんによるものです). The word is also used in compound terms like '遺伝子 (いでんし)' (gene) and '遺伝学 (いでんがく)' (genetics).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1725

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reverse

Reading

Kanji

裏Inside, Rear 返Return

Explanation

The Japanese verb '裏返す (うらがえす)' means 'to reverse' or 'to turn something inside out'. It is used when flipping or turning something over, such as a piece of clothing, a page, or an object. This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe reversing a situation or perspective. For example: I reversed the shirt to see the other side「シャツを裏返した」(しゃつをうらがえした). She reversed her opinion after hearing the facts「彼女は事実を聞いて意見を裏返した」(かのじょはじじつをきいていけんをうらがえした). The teacher flipped the page of the book「先生は本のページを裏返した」(せんせいはほんのページをうらがえした).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1729

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Weekly magazine

Reading

Kanji

週Week 刊Publish, Edition 誌Magazine, Document

Explanation

The Japanese noun '週刊誌 (しゅうかんし)' refers to a 'weekly magazine'. This term is used to describe a publication that is issued once a week, typically containing news, articles, and other content. It is commonly used in contexts related to media, publishing, and reading habits. For example: I bought a weekly magazine「週刊誌を買いました」(しゅうかんしをかいました). He reads weekly magazines every week「彼は毎週週刊誌を読みます」(かれはまいしゅうしゅうかんしをよみます). The term is often associated with both entertainment and informational content, and it is a staple in Japanese media culture.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1730

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gaze

Reading

Kanji

視See, Look 線Line

Explanation

The Japanese noun '視線 (しせん)' refers to the direction or focus of someone's eyes, often translated as 'gaze' or 'line of sight'. It is commonly used to describe where someone is looking or the act of looking at something. This word can also carry nuances of attention, scrutiny, or even judgment depending on the context. For example: Her gaze was fixed on the painting「彼女の視線はその絵に釘づけだった」(かのじょのしせんはそのえにくぎづけだった). I felt someone's gaze on me「誰かの視線を感じた」(だれかのしせんをかんじた). The word is often used in situations where the direction or intensity of looking is significant, such as in social interactions or artistic descriptions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1740

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Consideration, Examination

Reading

Kanji

検Examine 討Chastise

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '検討 (けんとう)' primarily means 'consideration' or 'examination'. It refers to the act of carefully thinking about or analyzing something, often in preparation for making a decision. This word is commonly used in formal or professional contexts, such as business meetings, academic discussions, or policy-making. For example: We will consider the proposal「提案を検討します」(ていあんをけんとうします). The committee is examining the plan「委員会はその計画を検討しています」(いいんかいはそのけいかくをけんとうしています). Note that '検討' often implies a thorough and deliberate process, and it is frequently paired with verbs like 'する' (to do) or '行う' (to carry out).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1744

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thanks

Reading

Kanji

有Exist 難Difficult

Explanation

The Japanese interjection '有り難う (ありがとう)' is a common way to express gratitude, meaning 'thank you'. It is used in a wide range of situations to show appreciation, from casual to formal settings. The phrase can be modified to increase politeness, such as '有り難うございます (ありがとうございます)', which is more formal. Example sentences: Thank you for the gift「プレゼントを有り難う」(ぷれぜんとをありがとう). Thank you very much「どうも有り難うございます」(どうもありがとうございます). The term originates from the idea of something being rare or precious, hence deserving gratitude.

Part Of Speech

interjection

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1753

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tidy

Reading

Kanji

片Fragment, One sided 付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '片付く (かたづく)' means 'to become tidy' or 'to be put in order'. It describes the state of things being organized or cleaned up. This verb is often used when referring to a space or items that have been arranged neatly. For example: The room became tidy「部屋が片付いた」(へやがかたづいた). The desk is tidy now「机が片付いた」(つくえがかたづいた). It can also imply that a task or matter has been resolved or settled, as in: The problem has been sorted out「問題が片付いた」(もんだいがかたづいた). Note that '片付く' is an intransitive verb, meaning it describes a state or change without specifying who caused it.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1755

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Die

Reading

Kanji

亡Death, Deceased

Explanation

The Japanese verb '亡くなる (なくなる)' is a polite and respectful way to say 'to die'. It is commonly used when referring to the death of someone, especially in formal or sensitive contexts. This term is often preferred over the more direct '死ぬ (しぬ)' as it conveys a sense of respect and solemnity. For example: my grandfather passed away last year「私の祖父は去年亡くなりました」(わたしのそふはきょねんなくなりました). The famous author died at the age of 80「その有名な作家は80歳で亡くなりました」(そのゆうめいなさっかははちじゅっさいでなくなりました). Note that '亡くなる' is typically used for humans, not animals or objects.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1761

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stock

Reading

Kanji

株Shares, Stocks

Explanation

The Japanese noun '株 (かぶ)' primarily refers to 'stock' in the context of shares or equities in a company. It is commonly used in financial and business settings. For example: I bought stocks「株を買いました」(かぶをかいました). The stock price went up「株価が上がりました」(かぶかがあがりました). Additionally, '株' can also refer to the stump or rootstock of a plant, but this usage is less common in everyday conversation. For example: The tree stump is still there「木の株がまだあります」(きのかぶがまだあります).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1783

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Income

Reading

Kanji

収Obtain 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese noun '収入 (しゅうにゅう)' refers to 'income', which is the money or earnings received regularly from work, investments, or other sources. It is commonly used in contexts related to personal finance, business, or economics. For example: my monthly income is 300,000 yen「私の月収は30万円です」(わたしのげっしゅうはさんじゅうまんえんです). His income increased last year「彼の収入は去年増えました」(かれのしゅうにゅうはきょねんふえました). This word is neutral in tone and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1791

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pain

Reading

Kanji

痛Pain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '痛み (いたみ)' primarily means 'pain'. It refers to a physical sensation of discomfort or suffering, often caused by injury or illness. It can also be used metaphorically to describe emotional pain or distress. For example: I have a pain in my stomach「お腹に痛みがあります」(おなかにいたみがあります). The pain of losing a loved one「大切な人を失う痛み」(たいせつなひとをうしなういたみ). This word is commonly used in both medical and everyday contexts to describe various types of pain.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1810

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wash

Reading

Kanji

洗Wash

Explanation

The Japanese verb '洗う (あらう)' means 'to wash'. It is used to describe the action of cleaning something with water, often with the use of soap or detergent. This verb can be applied to a wide range of objects, including clothes, dishes, hands, and even abstract concepts like one's past. For example: I wash my hands「手を洗う」(てをあらう). She washes the dishes「彼女は皿を洗う」(かのじょはさらをあらう). It's important to note that '洗う' can also be used metaphorically, such as in the phrase '罪を洗う (つみをあらう)', which means 'to wash away one's sins'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1811

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Injection

Reading

Kanji

注Pour 射Shoot

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '注射 (ちゅうしゃ)' means 'injection'. It refers to the act of injecting a substance, such as a vaccine or medicine, into the body using a syringe. This term is commonly used in medical contexts. For example: I received a flu shot「私はインフルエンザの注射を打った」(わたしはインフルエンザのちゅうしゃをうった). The doctor gave me an injection「医者が私に注射をした」(いしゃがわたしにちゅうしゃをした). It can also be used metaphorically to describe something being introduced forcefully, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1824

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Government

Reading

Kanji

政Government, Politics 権Rights, Authority

Explanation

The Japanese noun '政権 (せいけん)' refers to a 'government' or 'political administration'. It specifically denotes the ruling authority or the group in power that governs a country or region. This term is often used in political discussions or news to describe the current administration or regime. For example: The government announced new policies「政権が新しい政策を発表した」(せいけんがあたらしいせいさくをはっぴょうした). The opposition criticized the government「野党が政権を批判した」(やとうがせいけんをひはんした). The term can also imply the authority or control held by a political party or leader.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1828

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tradition

Reading

Kanji

従Follow, Obey 来Come

Explanation

The Japanese noun '従来 (じゅうらい)' refers to something that has been established or customary over time, often implying a sense of tradition or continuity. It is used to describe practices, methods, or ideas that have been in place for a long period. For example: We follow the traditional method「従来の方法に従います」(じゅうらいのほうほうにしたがいます). This approach is based on traditional practices「このアプローチは従来の慣習に基づいています」(このアプローチはじゅうらいのかんしゅうにもとづいています). The term can also imply a contrast with new or modern approaches, highlighting the difference between old and new ways of doing things.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1830

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Processing, Disposal

Reading

Kanji

処Deal with 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '処理 (しょり)' primarily means 'processing' or 'disposal', depending on the context. It refers to the act of handling, managing, or dealing with something systematically. In a technical or industrial context, it often refers to data processing or material processing. In everyday usage, it can also mean the disposal of waste or resolving a situation. For example: data processing is important「データの処理は重要です」(データのしょりはじゅうようです). Please dispose of the garbage properly「ゴミを適切に処理してください」(ゴミをてきせつにしょりしてください). The nuance of '処理' often implies a systematic or methodical approach to handling tasks or materials.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1837

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Birthday

Reading

Kanji

誕Birth 生Life 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '誕生日 (たんじょうび)' means 'birthday'. It refers to the anniversary of the day a person was born. This word is commonly used in celebrations, greetings, and gifts. For example: Happy birthday!「誕生日おめでとう！」(たんじょうびおめでとう！). Today is my birthday「今日は私の誕生日です」(きょうはわたしのたんじょうびです). The word is often paired with celebratory phrases or activities, such as '誕生日ケーキ (たんじょうびケーキ) (birthday cake)' or '誕生日プレゼント (たんじょうびプレゼント) (birthday present).'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1863

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nurse

Reading

Kanji

看Watch 護Protect, Defend 婦Lady

Explanation

The Japanese noun '看護婦 (かんごふ)' specifically refers to a 'female nurse'. This term is used to describe a woman who is trained to care for the sick or infirm, especially in a hospital setting. Historically, this term was commonly used, but in modern Japanese, the gender-neutral term '看護師 (かんごし)' is preferred to refer to nurses of any gender. Example sentences: The nurse is kind「看護婦は優しい」(かんごふはやさしい). She became a nurse「彼女は看護婦になった」(かのじょはかんごふになった). Note that while '看護婦' is still understood, it is considered outdated in professional contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1876

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Background

Reading

Kanji

背Back, Height 景Scene

Explanation

The Japanese noun '背景 (はいけい)' primarily means 'background'. It can refer to the physical background of a scene or image, such as in photography or art, or the contextual background of a situation, such as historical, social, or personal circumstances. For example: The background of the photo is beautiful「写真の背景は美しい」(しゃしんのはいけいはうつくしい). Understanding the historical background is important「歴史的背景を理解することが重要だ」(れきしてきはいけいをりかいすることがじゅうようだ). This word is versatile and can be used in various contexts to describe the setting or circumstances surrounding a subject.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1877

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Excel

Reading

Kanji

優Superior, Gentle

Explanation

The Japanese verb '優れる (すぐれる)' means 'to excel' or 'to be superior'. It is used to describe something or someone that stands out due to exceptional quality, ability, or performance. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as academic, professional, or artistic fields. For example: he excels in mathematics「彼は数学で優れている」(かれはすうがくですぐれている). This product excels in quality「この製品は品質で優れている」(このせいひんはひんしつですぐれている). It's important to note that '優れる' is often used in its past tense form '優れた (すぐれた)' to describe something that is outstanding or excellent, as in '優れた才能 (すぐれたさいのう) (excellent talent)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1878

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crisis

Reading

Kanji

危Dangerous 機Machine, Opportunity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '危機 (きき)' means 'crisis'. It refers to a time of intense difficulty, trouble, or danger, often requiring immediate action or decision. This word is commonly used in contexts such as economic crises, environmental crises, or personal crises. For example: The country is facing an economic crisis「その国は経済危機に直面している」(そのくにはけいざいききにちょくめんしている). We must act quickly to avoid a crisis「危機を避けるために迅速に行動しなければならない」(ききをさけるためにじんそくにこうどうしなければならない). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a critical turning point or moment of decision.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1904

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Egg

Reading

Kanji

卵Egg

Explanation

The Japanese noun '卵 (たまご)' refers to an egg, typically a bird's egg, and is commonly used in the context of food. It can refer to eggs in general, including those of chickens, which are widely consumed in Japan. The word is neutral and can be used in various contexts, from cooking to biology. For example: I ate a boiled egg「ゆで卵を食べた」(ゆでたまごをたべた). She bought eggs at the supermarket「彼女はスーパーで卵を買った」(かのじょはスーパーでたまごをかった). Note that '卵' can also metaphorically refer to something in its early stages, such as a plan or idea, but this usage is less common and typically requires additional context to be understood as such.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1924

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Disposal

Reading

Kanji

処Deal with 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese noun '処分 (しょぶん)' primarily means 'disposal'. It refers to the act of getting rid of something, often in the context of waste, unwanted items, or even abstract matters like responsibilities. For example: disposal of garbage「ゴミの処分」(ごみのしょぶん). The company decided on the disposal of old equipment「会社は古い設備の処分を決めた」(かいしゃはふるいせつびのしょぶんをきめた). In some contexts, it can also imply handling or dealing with a situation, but the core meaning revolves around the concept of disposal.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1936

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Universe

Reading

Kanji

宇Eaves, Universe 宙Midair

Explanation

The Japanese noun '宇宙 (うちゅう)' means 'universe'. It refers to the entirety of space, including all matter, energy, planets, stars, galaxies, and the contents of intergalactic space. This word is often used in scientific, philosophical, and everyday contexts to describe the vast expanse of the cosmos. For example: the universe is infinite「宇宙は無限だ」(うちゅうはむげんだ). I want to explore the universe「宇宙を探検したい」(うちゅうをたんけんしたい). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something vast or boundless, such as 'a universe of possibilities'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1943

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exclude

Reading

Kanji

除Exclude, Remove

Explanation

The Japanese verb '除く (のぞく)' primarily means 'to exclude' or 'to remove'. It is used to indicate that something or someone is being left out or omitted from a group, list, or consideration. For example: Please exclude him from the list「彼をリストから除いてください」(かれをリストからのぞいてください). This rule applies to everyone, excluding children「このルールは子供を除いて全員に適用されます」(このルールはこどもをのぞいてぜんいんにてきようされます). Additionally, '除く' can sometimes imply 'except for' or 'apart from', as in: All members, excluding the president, attended the meeting「会長を除いて全員が会議に出席しました」(かいちょうをのぞいてぜんいんがかいぎにしゅっせきしました).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1947

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Simple

Reading

Kanji

単Simple, Single 純Pure

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '単純 (たんじゅん)' means 'simple'. It is used to describe something that is straightforward, uncomplicated, or lacking in complexity. This word can be applied to ideas, tasks, systems, or even people's thinking. For example: This problem is simple「この問題は単純だ」(このもんだいはたんじゅんだ). His explanation was simple and easy to understand「彼の説明は単純で分かりやすかった」(かれのせつめいはたんじゅんでわかりやすかった). Note that '単純' can sometimes carry a nuance of being overly simplistic or naive, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1988

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Back

Reading

Kanji

背Back, Height 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese noun '背中 (せなか)' refers to the 'back' of a person or animal. It specifically denotes the rear part of the body from the neck to the waist. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can be used in various contexts, such as describing physical posture, pain, or even metaphorical situations. For example: His back is straight「彼の背中はまっすぐだ」(かれのせなかはまっすぐだ). I have a pain in my back「背中が痛い」(せなかがいたい). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe support or reliance, as in 'I rely on my friend's back'「友達の背中に頼る」(ともだちのせなかにたよる).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2000

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shogun

Reading

Kanji

将Leader, Commander 軍Army

Explanation

The Japanese noun '将軍 (しょうぐん)' refers to the historical title of the military dictator of Japan, known as the 'shogun'. This title was used from the 12th to the 19th century, and the shogun was the de facto ruler of Japan, while the emperor was the symbolic head of state. The shogunate system was known as the 'bakufu'. Example sentences: The shogun ruled Japan for centuries「将軍は何世紀も日本を支配した」(しょうぐんはなんせいきもにほんをしはいした). The shogun's power was absolute「将軍の力は絶対的だった」(しょうぐんのちからはぜったいてきだった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2020

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mail

Reading

Kanji

郵Mail 便Convenience

Explanation

The Japanese noun '郵便 (ゆうびん)' refers to 'mail' or 'postal service'. It is commonly used to describe letters, packages, or any items sent through the postal system. This word is often seen in contexts related to sending or receiving mail, post offices, or postal workers. For example: I received mail today「今日、郵便が届きました」(きょう、ゆうびんがとどきました). Please send this by mail「これを郵便で送ってください」(これをゆうびんでおくってください). The term can also be part of compound words, such as '郵便局 (ゆうびんきょく)' (post office) or '郵便配達員 (ゆうびんはいたついん)' (mail carrier).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2028

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Territory, Domain

Reading

Kanji

領Territory 域Area, Limits

Explanation

The Japanese noun '領域 (りょういき)' refers to a specific area, region, or domain. It can be used to describe physical territories, such as land or regions, as well as abstract domains, such as fields of expertise or areas of control. For example: This is the territory of our company「これは私たちの会社の領域です」(これはわたしたちのかいしゃのりょういきです). He is an expert in the field of science「彼は科学の領域の専門家です」(かれはかがくのりょういきのせんもんかです). The word can also imply boundaries or limits, such as in '侵入してはいけない領域 (しんにゅうしてはいけないりょういき) (a restricted area).'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2031

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bone

Reading

Kanji

骨Bone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '骨 (ほね)' primarily means 'bone'. It refers to the hard, rigid structures that form the skeleton of vertebrates. This word is commonly used in both literal and metaphorical contexts. For example: I broke my bone「骨を折った」(ほねをおった). This work is the backbone of the project「この仕事はプロジェクトの骨だ」(このしごとはプロジェクトのほねだ). In metaphorical usage, it can imply the core or essential part of something, as in the second example. The word is straightforward and widely used in everyday conversation as well as in medical or scientific contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2044

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Seat

Reading

Kanji

座Sit, Seat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '座 (ざ)' primarily means 'seat'. It refers to a place where someone sits, such as in a theater, a meeting, or any gathering. This word is often used in formal contexts or when referring to seating arrangements. For example: Please take your seat「どうぞお座りください」(どうぞおすわりください). The seats in the theater are comfortable「劇場の座は快適です」(げきじょうのざはかいてきです). Additionally, '座' can also refer to a group or association, particularly in traditional Japanese arts like Noh or Kabuki, where it denotes a troupe or guild. For example: He belongs to a famous Noh troupe「彼は有名な能の座に所属しています」(かれはゆうめいなのうのざにしょぞくしています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2050

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Natto

Reading

Kanji

納Settlement 豆Beans

Explanation

The Japanese noun '納豆 (なっとう)' refers to 'natto', a traditional Japanese food made from fermented soybeans. It is known for its strong smell, sticky texture, and unique flavor. Natto is often eaten for breakfast and is considered a healthy food due to its high protein and probiotic content. It is typically served with rice, mustard, and soy sauce. Example sentences: I eat natto every morning「毎朝納豆を食べます」(まいあさなっとうをたべます). Natto is good for your health「納豆は健康に良いです」(なっとうはけんこうにいいです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2087

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ashtray

Reading

Kanji

灰Ashes 皿Plate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '灰皿 (はいざら)' refers to an 'ashtray', a container used for collecting ash and cigarette butts. It is commonly found in smoking areas, restaurants, or homes where smoking is permitted. Example sentences: Please use the ashtray「灰皿を使ってください」(はいざらをつかってください). The ashtray is full「灰皿がいっぱいです」(はいざらがいっぱいです). This word is straightforward and does not carry additional meanings or nuances beyond its literal definition.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2097

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Admirable, Splendid

Reading

Kanji

立Stand 派Sect, Faction

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '立派 (りっぱ)' conveys a sense of excellence, grandeur, or something being commendable. It is often used to describe people, achievements, or objects that are impressive or praiseworthy. For example: He is a splendid person「彼は立派な人です」(かれはりっぱなひとです). This is an admirable achievement「これは立派な成果です」(これはりっぱなせいかです). The term can also imply a sense of dignity or being well-suited for a particular role or purpose, such as in the sentence: She has grown into a splendid adult「彼女は立派な大人になりました」(かのじょはりっぱなおとなになりました).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2124

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Price

Reading

Kanji

値Value, Price 段Step, Stairs

Explanation

The Japanese noun '値段 (ねだん)' refers to the 'price' of an item or service. It is commonly used in everyday conversations, especially when discussing shopping, goods, or services. For example: What is the price of this shirt?「このシャツの値段はいくらですか？」(このシャツのねだんはいくらですか？). The price of this car is high「この車の値段は高い」(このくるまのねだんはたかい). It is important to note that '値段' specifically refers to the monetary value of something, and it is often used interchangeably with '価格 (かかく)', though '価格' tends to be more formal and used in business contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2156

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Or

Reading

Kanji

若Young

Explanation

The Japanese conjunction '若しくは (もしくは)' means 'or'. It is used to present alternatives or choices, often in formal or legal contexts. This conjunction is typically used to connect two items or clauses, indicating that either one or the other is possible. For example: You can choose tea or coffee「お茶若しくはコーヒーを選べます」(おちゃもしくはコーヒーをえらべます). The meeting will be held on Monday or Tuesday「会議は月曜日若しくは火曜日に開催されます」(かいぎはげつようびもしくはかようびにかいさいされます). Note that '若しくは' is more formal than the more commonly used 'または' or 'か'.

Part Of Speech

conjunction

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2162

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Home

Reading

Kanji

自Self 宅House

Explanation

The Japanese noun '自宅 (じたく)' refers to one's own home or residence. It is commonly used to specify a personal living space, as opposed to someone else's home or a public place. For example: I stayed at home today「今日は自宅にいました」(きょうはじたくにいました). My home is near the station「私の自宅は駅の近くです」(わたしのじたくはえきのちかくです). The word emphasizes the personal and private nature of the location, often used in formal or polite contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2173

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fire station

Reading

Kanji

消Extinguish 防Prevent, Defend 署Government office

Explanation

The Japanese noun '消防署 (しょうぼうしょ)' refers to a 'fire station', which is a facility where firefighters and firefighting equipment are stationed. This term is commonly used in contexts related to emergency services, fire safety, and public safety infrastructure. For example: The fire station is near the park「消防署は公園の近くです」(しょうぼうしょはこうえんのちかくです). I called the fire station to report the fire「火事を報告するために消防署に電話しました」(かじをほうこくするためにしょうぼうしょにでんわしました). The word is a compound of '消防 (しょうぼう)', meaning 'firefighting', and '署 (しょ)', meaning 'office' or 'station'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2198

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Honorifics

Reading

Kanji

敬Respect 語Language, Word

Explanation

The Japanese noun '敬語 (けいご)' refers to 'honorifics', which are a system of linguistic expressions used to show respect, politeness, or social distance. It is a crucial aspect of Japanese language and culture, often used in formal settings, business interactions, or when speaking to someone of higher status. There are three main types of 敬語: 尊敬語 (そんけいご, respectful language), 謙譲語 (けんじょうご, humble language), and 丁寧語 (ていねいご, polite language). For example: Please use honorifics when speaking to the teacher「先生には敬語を使ってください」(せんせいにはけいごをつかってください). I struggle with using honorifics correctly「敬語を正しく使うのが難しい」(けいごをただしくつかうのがむずかしい). Mastering 敬語 is essential for navigating Japanese social hierarchies and maintaining proper etiquette.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2214

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Respect

Reading

Kanji

尊Respect, Revered 敬Respect

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '尊敬 (そんけい)' means 'respect'. It is used to express a feeling of deep admiration for someone or something due to their abilities, qualities, or achievements. This term is often used in formal or polite contexts, such as when discussing elders, superiors, or individuals who have earned admiration. For example: I respect my teacher「私は先生を尊敬しています」(わたしはせんせいをそんけいしています). Respect is important in Japanese culture「尊敬は日本の文化で重要です」(そんけいはにほんのぶんかでじゅうようです). Note that '尊敬' can also be used as a verb in the form '尊敬する (そんけいする)', meaning 'to respect'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2217

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Logic

Reading

Kanji

論Theory, Argument 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese noun '論理 (ろんり)' refers to 'logic', the systematic method of reasoning used to arrive at valid conclusions. It is often used in academic, philosophical, or technical contexts to describe structured thinking or argumentation. For example: His argument lacks logic「彼の議論は論理に欠けている」(かれのぎろんはろんりにかけている). The logic of this theory is difficult to understand「この理論の論理は理解しにくい」(このりろんのろんりはりかいしにくい). The word can also be used in compound terms like '論理的 (ろんりてき)' (logical) or '論理学 (ろんりがく)' (the study of logic).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2218

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Next day

Reading

Kanji

翌Next, Following 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '翌日 (よくじつ)' means 'next day'. It refers to the day immediately following a specific day or event. This word is commonly used in contexts where the focus is on the sequence of days, such as schedules, plans, or narratives. For example: The meeting is scheduled for the next day「会議は翌日に予定されています」(かいぎはよくじつによていされています). He left the next day「彼は翌日に出発した」(かれはよくじつにしゅっぱつした). Note that '翌日' is often used in formal or written contexts, and it emphasizes the chronological order of events.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2221

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

More

Reading

Kanji

一One 層Layer

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一層 (いっそう)' means 'more' or 'even more'. It is used to indicate an increase in degree or intensity of something. This word is often used in comparisons or to emphasize a change. For example: It became even more interesting「一層面白くなった」(いっそうおもしろくなった). I will try even harder「一層頑張ります」(いっそうがんばります). The word can also be used in formal contexts to express a heightened state or condition. Note that '一層' is often used with adjectives or verbs to amplify their meaning.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2232

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Black tea

Reading

Kanji

紅Crimson 茶Tea

Explanation

The Japanese noun '紅茶 (こうちゃ)' refers to 'black tea'. This term is used to describe the type of tea that is more oxidized than green, oolong, and white teas, resulting in a stronger flavor. It is commonly consumed in Japan, often served hot or cold. Example sentences include: I drink black tea every morning「毎朝紅茶を飲みます」(まいあさこうちゃをのみます). This black tea is very fragrant「この紅茶はとても香りがいい」(このこうちゃはとてもかおりがいい). Note that '紅茶' specifically refers to black tea and not other types of tea, which have different names in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2254

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cabinet

Reading

Kanji

内Inside 閣Cabinet

Explanation

The Japanese noun '内閣 (ないかく)' refers to the 'cabinet' in a governmental context. It specifically denotes the group of ministers or executives who are responsible for the administration and policy-making of a government. This term is commonly used in political discussions and news reports. For example: The cabinet held a meeting「内閣は会議を開いた」(ないかくはかいぎをひらいた). The prime minister reshuffled the cabinet「首相は内閣を改造した」(しゅしょうはないかくをかいぞうした). The term is often associated with the executive branch of government and is a key component in the political structure of Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2258

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Policy

Reading

Kanji

方Direction 針Needle

Explanation

The Japanese noun '方針 (ほうしん)' refers to a 'policy', 'plan', or 'course of action' that is established to guide decisions or actions. It is often used in formal or organizational contexts to describe a set of principles or strategies. For example: The company's policy is clear「会社の方針は明確です」(かいしゃのほうしんはめいかくです). We need to decide on a course of action「方針を決める必要があります」(ほうしんをきめるひつようがあります). This word is commonly used in business, government, and other structured environments to outline a clear direction or approach.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2292

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Close

Reading

Kanji

閉Close, Shut

Explanation

The Japanese verb '閉じる (とじる)' means 'to close'. It is used to describe the action of shutting or closing something, such as a door, a book, or eyes. This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe closing or ending something, like a chapter or a discussion. For example: Please close the door「ドアを閉じてください」(ドアをとじてください). She closed her eyes「彼女は目を閉じた」(かのじょはめをとじた). The store closes at 9 PM「その店は9時に閉じる」(そのみせはくじにとじる). Note that '閉じる' is often used for physical objects, but it can also apply to abstract concepts like events or periods.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2293

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inhale, Suck

Reading

Kanji

吸Inhale, Suck

Explanation

The Japanese verb '吸う (すう)' primarily means 'to suck' or 'to inhale'. It is used to describe the action of drawing something in, such as air, smoke, or liquid. For example: he inhaled deeply「彼は深く吸った」(かれはふかくすった). The baby is sucking milk「赤ちゃんがミルクを吸っている」(あかちゃんがミルクをすっている). This verb can also be used metaphorically, such as absorbing knowledge or information. Note that the context often determines whether it refers to literal sucking or inhaling.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2299

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stairs

Reading

Kanji

階Storey 段Step, Stairs

Explanation

The Japanese noun '階段 (かいだん)' means 'stairs'. It refers to a series of steps that allow people to move from one level of a building to another. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation when referring to staircases in homes, offices, or public places. For example: Please use the stairs「階段を使ってください」(かいだんをつかってください). The stairs are over there「階段はあそこです」(かいだんはあそこです). It can also be used metaphorically to describe progress or steps in a process, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2310

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Viewpoint

Reading

Kanji

視See, Look 点Point

Explanation

The Japanese noun '視点 (してん)' means 'viewpoint' or 'perspective'. It refers to the way someone sees or interprets something, often in a figurative sense. This word is commonly used in discussions, debates, or analyses to describe someone's angle or approach to a topic. For example: from my viewpoint「私の視点から」(わたしのしてんから). A new perspective on the problem「問題に対する新しい視点」(もんだいにたいするあたらしいしてん). It can also be used in art or photography to describe the angle or focus of a composition.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2313

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Visit

Reading

Kanji

訪Visit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '訪ねる (たずねる)' means 'to visit'. It is used when someone goes to a place or person with a specific purpose, often to meet someone or to explore a location. This verb carries a nuance of intentionality and purposefulness in the visit. For example: I visited my friend「友達を訪ねた」(ともだちをたずねた). She visited the old temple「彼女は古い寺を訪ねた」(かのじょはふるいてらをたずねた). Note that '訪ねる' is often used in more formal or intentional contexts compared to the more casual '訪れる (おとずれる)', which can also mean 'to visit' but is less specific in purpose.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2320

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wound

Reading

Kanji

傷Wound, Injury

Explanation

The Japanese noun '傷 (きず)' primarily means 'wound'. It refers to a physical injury, such as a cut, bruise, or scar on the body. However, it can also be used metaphorically to describe emotional or psychological wounds. For example: He has a wound on his arm「彼の腕に傷がある」(かれのうでにきずがある). The incident left a deep emotional wound「その事件は深い心の傷を残した」(そのじけんはふかいこころのきずをのこした). The word is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it versatile in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2338

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Line up, Arrange

Reading

Kanji

並Line, Row

Explanation

The Japanese verb '並べる (ならべる)' primarily means 'to arrange' or 'to line up'. It is used when placing objects, items, or people in a specific order or formation. This verb can be applied to physical objects, such as books or chairs, as well as abstract concepts, like ideas or arguments. For example: I arranged the books on the shelf「本を棚に並べた」(ほんをたなにならべた). The students lined up in front of the school「生徒たちは学校の前に並んだ」(せいとたちはがっこうのまえにならんだ). Note that '並べる' often implies a deliberate or organized arrangement, distinguishing it from simply placing items randomly.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2387

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plan

Reading

Kanji

策Plan, Policy

Explanation

The Japanese noun '策 (さく)' means 'plan' or 'scheme'. It refers to a carefully devised strategy or course of action designed to achieve a specific goal. This word is often used in formal or strategic contexts, such as business, politics, or problem-solving. For example: We need a new plan「新しい策が必要だ」(あたらしいさくがひつようだ). His plan was successful「彼の策は成功した」(かれのさくはせいこうした). The word can also imply a level of cunning or cleverness in the plan, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2399

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Doubt

Reading

Kanji

疑Doubt, Suspect

Explanation

The Japanese verb '疑う (うたがう)' means 'to doubt' or 'to suspect'. It is used when someone questions the truth, validity, or sincerity of something or someone. This verb can be applied in various contexts, such as doubting a statement, suspecting someone's intentions, or questioning the authenticity of an object. For example: I doubt his story「彼の話を疑う」(かれのはなしをうたがう). She suspected him of lying「彼女は彼が嘘をついていると疑った」(かのじょはかれがうそをついているとうたがった). The nuance of '疑う' often implies a lack of trust or certainty, and it can carry a slightly negative connotation depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2405

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hot spring

Reading

Kanji

温Warm 泉Spring, Fountain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '温泉 (おんせん)' refers to a natural hot spring, which is a common feature in Japan due to its volcanic activity. These hot springs are often used for bathing and are believed to have therapeutic properties. For example: Let's go to the hot spring「温泉に行きましょう」(おんせんにいきましょう). This hot spring is very relaxing「この温泉はとてもリラックスできます」(このおんせんはとてもりらっくすできます). The word is often associated with traditional Japanese inns called 'ryokan' that offer hot spring baths as part of their amenities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2410

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Last night

Reading

Kanji

昨Yesterday, Previous 晩Evening, Nightfall

Explanation

The Japanese noun '昨晩 (さくばん)' means 'last night'. It is used to refer to the night before the current day. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to talk about events or actions that occurred the previous night. For example: I met him last night「昨晩彼に会いました」(さくばんかれにあいました). Did you sleep well last night?「昨晩はよく眠れましたか？」(さくばんはよくねむれましたか？). Note that '昨晩' is a specific time reference and is often used in past-tense sentences.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2456

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Creation

Reading

Kanji

創Create 造Make, Build

Explanation

The Japanese noun '創造 (そうぞう)' means 'creation'. It refers to the act of bringing something into existence, often used in contexts involving art, innovation, or the universe. For example: the creation of the universe「宇宙の創造」(うちゅうのそうぞう). This word can also imply a sense of originality and imagination, as in: the creation of new ideas「新しいアイデアの創造」(あたらしいアイデアのそうぞう). It is commonly used in both artistic and scientific contexts to denote the process of making something new and unique.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2458

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fall

Reading

Kanji

降Descend, Fall

Explanation

The Japanese verb '降る (ふる)' primarily means 'to fall' and is most commonly used to describe precipitation, such as rain or snow. It is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. For example: it is raining「雨が降っている」(あめがふっている). It snowed yesterday「昨日雪が降った」(きのうゆきがふった). While '降る' is most often associated with weather, it can also be used metaphorically or in other contexts where something descends or falls, though this is less common. For instance: tears fell「涙が降った」(なみだがふった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2461

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Magazine

Reading

Kanji

誌Magazine, Document

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '誌 (し)' is used to refer to a magazine or periodical. It is typically attached to the end of a word to indicate that it is a type of publication. For example: fashion magazine「ファッション誌」(ふぁっしょんし). Weekly magazine「週刊誌」(しゅうかんし). This suffix is commonly used in the names of magazines and other periodicals, and it helps to specify the type of content or focus of the publication.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2485

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Countries

Reading

Kanji

諸Many, Various 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese noun '諸国 (しょこく)' refers to 'countries' or 'nations', often used in a plural sense to denote multiple countries collectively. It is commonly used in formal or historical contexts to refer to various nations or regions. For example: trade relations with various countries「諸国との貿易関係」(しょこくとのぼうえきかんけい). The cultures of many countries「諸国の文化」(しょこくのぶんか). This term is often seen in historical texts or discussions about international relations, emphasizing a collective or comparative perspective on nations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2493

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Desk

Reading

Kanji

机Desk, Table

Explanation

The Japanese noun '机 (つくえ)' means 'desk'. It refers to a piece of furniture with a flat surface, typically used for writing, reading, or working. This word is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as in homes, schools, or offices. For example: There is a desk in my room「私の部屋に机があります」(わたしのへやにつくえがあります). I study at my desk「机で勉強します」(つくえでべんきょうします). The word '机' is often paired with other words to specify the type of desk, such as '学習机 (がくしゅうづくえ)' (study desk) or 'オフィス机 (オフィスづくえ)' (office desk).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2512

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shareholder

Reading

Kanji

株Shares, Stocks 主Master

Explanation

The Japanese noun '株主 (かぶぬし)' refers to a 'shareholder', which is a person or entity that owns shares in a corporation or company. This term is commonly used in business and financial contexts. Shareholders typically have certain rights, such as voting on corporate matters and receiving dividends. For example: The shareholders will vote on the new policy「株主は新しい方針について投票します」(かぶぬしはあたらしいほうしんについてとうひょうします). He is a major shareholder in the company「彼はその会社の大株主です」(かれはそのかいしゃのおおかぶぬしです). The term is often used in discussions about corporate governance, investments, and stock markets.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2533

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Private railway

Reading

Kanji

私Private, Me 鉄Iron

Explanation

The Japanese noun '私鉄 (してつ)' refers to a 'private railway'. This term is used to describe railway systems that are owned and operated by private companies, as opposed to those run by the government (which are called '国鉄 (こくてつ)' or 'national railways'). Private railways are common in Japan and often serve urban and suburban areas, connecting cities and towns. Example sentences: The private railway is convenient「私鉄は便利です」(してつはべんりです). I take the private railway to work「私は私鉄で仕事に行きます」(わたしはしてつでしごとにいきます).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2561

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oneself

Reading

Kanji

己Oneself

Explanation

The Japanese noun '己 (おのれ)' refers to 'oneself' or 'self'. It is often used in a reflective or introspective context, emphasizing the speaker's own identity or actions. This term can carry a formal or archaic tone and is sometimes used in expressions of self-reproach or determination. For example: I must rely on myself「己を頼りにしなければならない」(おのれをたよりにしなければならない). He blamed himself「彼は己を責めた」(かれはおのれをせめた). Note that '己' can also appear in idiomatic expressions or proverbs, such as '己の欲せざる所は人に施す勿れ (おのれのほっせざるところはひとにほどこすなかれ)', which translates to 'Do not impose on others what you do not desire for yourself.'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2563

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Declaration

Reading

Kanji

宣Proclaim, Promulgate 言Say

Explanation

The Japanese noun '宣言 (せんげん)' means 'declaration'. It refers to a formal or public statement, often used in contexts like political announcements, personal resolutions, or official proclamations. For example: He made a declaration of love「彼は愛の宣言をした」(かれはあいのせんげんをした). The government issued a declaration of emergency「政府は非常事態宣言を出した」(せいふはひじょうじたいせんげんをだした). This word is commonly used in both formal and informal settings to emphasize the seriousness or importance of the statement being made.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2572

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Priority

Reading

Kanji

優Superior, Gentle 先Before, Previous

Explanation

The Japanese noun '優先 (ゆうせん)' means 'priority'. It refers to something being given precedence or higher importance over other things. This word is commonly used in contexts like work, transportation, or decision-making. For example: give priority to safety「安全を優先する」(あんぜんをゆうせんする). Priority seating is available「優先席があります」(ゆうせんせきがあります). The word can also be used in compound terms like '優先順位 (ゆうせんじゅんい)' (priority order) or '優先権 (ゆうせんけん)' (priority right).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2585

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Private expense

Reading

Kanji

私Private, Me 費Expense

Explanation

The Japanese noun '私費 (しひ)' means 'private expense.' This word is used to refer to expenses that are paid from one's own pocket or personal resources, rather than being covered by an organization or public funds. It is often used in contexts such as education, medical costs, or business expenses. Example: I paid for the course with my own money 「そのコースは私費で払いました」 (そのコースはしひではらいました). The company does not cover private expenses 「会社は私費を負担しません」 (かいしゃはしひをふたんしません). Note that this word is commonly used in informal or professional contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2595

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Knowledge

Reading

Kanji

存Exist, Suppose 知Know

Explanation

The Japanese noun '存知 (ぞんじ)' refers to 'knowledge' or 'awareness' of something. It is often used in polite or formal contexts to indicate that someone is aware of or knows about a particular matter. For example: I am aware of that matter「その件は存じております」(そのけんはぞんじております). Do you know about this?「これをご存知ですか？」(これをごぞんじですか？). The term is typically used in respectful or humble speech, especially when referring to someone else's knowledge or awareness.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2599

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

More

Reading

Kanji

一One 段Step, Stairs

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一段と (いちだんと)' means 'more' or 'even more'. It is used to indicate that something has increased in degree, intensity, or quality compared to before. This adverb is often used to emphasize a noticeable change or improvement. For example: The weather became even colder「一段と寒くなった」(いちだんとさむくなった). Her skills have improved even more「彼女のスキルは一段と向上した」(かのじょのスキルはいちだんとこうじょうした). It is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese to highlight a significant change.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2620

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deserve

Reading

Kanji

値Value, Price

Explanation

The Japanese verb '値する (あたいする)' means 'to deserve' or 'to be worthy of'. It is often used to express that something or someone merits a particular outcome, reward, or recognition. This verb is typically used in formal or literary contexts. For example: His efforts deserve praise「彼の努力は賞賛に値する」(かれのどりょくはしょうさんにあたいする). This book is worth reading「この本は読むに値する」(このほんはよむにあたいする). Note that '値する' is often followed by a noun or verb in the dictionary form to indicate what is deserved.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2623

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Warm

Reading

Kanji

暖Warm

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '暖か (あたたか)' means 'warm'. It is used to describe a pleasant, moderate level of heat, often in relation to weather, temperature, or atmosphere. It can also describe a warm feeling or emotion. For example: The weather is warm today「今日は暖かいです」(きょうはあたたかいです). She has a warm heart「彼女は暖かい心を持っています」(かのじょはあたたかいこころをもっています). Note that '暖か' is often used in its adjectival form '暖かい (あたたかい)' when modifying nouns or at the end of sentences.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2642

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Warm

Reading

Kanji

温Warm 暖Warm

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '温暖 (おんだん)' means 'warm' in the context of climate or weather. It is used to describe a mild or temperate climate, often in contrast to cold or harsh weather conditions. For example: The climate of this region is warm「この地域の気候は温暖です」(このちいきのきこうはおんだんです). Global warming is a serious issue「地球温暖化は深刻な問題です」(ちきゅうおんだんかはしんこくなもんだいです). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe a warm or friendly atmosphere, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2645

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Resources

Reading

Kanji

資Capital, Resources 源Origin, Source

Explanation

The Japanese noun '資源 (しげん)' refers to 'resources', particularly natural or economic resources that are valuable and useful. This term is often used in contexts related to energy, environment, and economics. For example: Japan imports many natural resources「日本は多くの天然資源を輸入する」(にほんはおおくのてんねんしげんをゆにゅうする). We need to protect our resources「私たちは資源を守る必要がある」(わたしたちはしげんをまもるひつようがある). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe human or intellectual resources, such as in 'human resources'「人的資源」(じんてきしげん).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2647

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gradually

Reading

Kanji

段Step, Stairs

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '段々 (だんだん)' means 'gradually' or 'little by little'. It is used to describe a process or change that happens slowly over time. This word is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to indicate a progressive change. For example: The weather is gradually getting colder「天気が段々寒くなってきた」(てんきがだんだんさむくなってきた). I am gradually understanding Japanese「日本語が段々わかってきた」(にほんごがだんだんわかってきた). Note that '段々' often pairs with verbs to describe the progression of an action or state.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2656

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Paper, Thesis

Reading

Kanji

論Theory, Argument 文Sentence

Explanation

The Japanese noun '論文 (ろんぶん)' refers to an academic or scholarly paper, often a thesis or dissertation. It is commonly used in academic contexts to describe a written work that presents research or arguments on a specific topic. For example: I wrote a thesis on environmental science「環境科学についての論文を書いた」(かんきょうかがくについてのろんぶんをかいた). This paper is very well-researched「この論文はとてもよく調べられている」(このろんぶんはとてもよくしらべられている). The word can also refer to shorter academic papers or essays, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2659

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Work

Reading

Kanji

著Renowned, Author 作Make

Explanation

The Japanese noun '著作 (ちょさく)' refers to a 'work' in the sense of a creative or intellectual production, such as a book, article, or other written or artistic creation. It is often used in contexts related to authorship, copyright, or intellectual property. For example: This is the author's latest work「これは著者の最新の著作です」(これはちょしゃのさいしんのちょさくです). The copyright law protects the author's works「著作権法は著者の著作を保護します」(ちょさくけんほうはちょしゃのちょさくをほごします). The term can also be used more broadly to refer to any creative output, but it is most commonly associated with written works.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2666

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Device

Reading

Kanji

装Dress, Attire 置Put

Explanation

The Japanese noun '装置 (そうち)' refers to a 'device' or 'equipment'. It is commonly used to describe a mechanical or electronic device designed for a specific purpose. This term can be applied to a wide range of devices, from household appliances to industrial machinery. For example: This device is very useful「この装置はとても便利です」(このそうちはとてもべんりです). The factory has many advanced devices「その工場には多くの先進的な装置があります」(そのこうじょうにはおおくのせんしんてきなそうちがあります). The word can also be used in a more abstract sense to refer to systems or setups, such as in theatrical or artistic contexts, where it might describe the arrangement or setup of elements to create a particular effect.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2683

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Behind

Reading

Kanji

背Back, Height 後After, Behind

Explanation

The Japanese noun '背後 (はいご)' means 'behind' or 'the back'. It is used to refer to the area or position at the back of something or someone. This word can be used both literally and figuratively. For example: There is a park behind the building「建物の背後に公園があります」(たてもののはいごにこうえんがあります). The truth behind the incident is still unclear「事件の背後にある真実はまだ不明です」(じけんのはいごにあるしんじつはまだふめいです). In a figurative sense, it can also imply something hidden or not immediately apparent, such as motives or reasons behind actions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2686

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Line, Muscle

Reading

Kanji

筋Muscle, Tendon

Explanation

The Japanese noun '筋 (すじ)' has two primary meanings. First, it refers to 'muscle', as in the fibrous tissue in the body that contracts to produce movement. For example: I pulled a muscle「筋を痛めた」(すじをいためた). Second, it can mean 'line', referring to a long, narrow mark or a sequence of reasoning. For example: There's a line on the paper「紙に筋がある」(かみにすじがある). The word is versatile and context-dependent, so its meaning can shift based on usage. Another example: The story follows a clear line of reasoning「その話は筋が通っている」(そのはなしはすじがとおっている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2694

Composition

kanji

Handwriting