言Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Kanji JLPT Level

word

Meaning

First love

Reading

Kanji

初Beginning, First 恋Love, Romance

Explanation

The Japanese noun '初恋 (はつこい)' refers to a person's 'first love'. This term is often used to describe the nostalgic and sentimental feelings associated with one's first romantic experience. It carries a sense of innocence and purity, and is commonly used in literature, music, and everyday conversation to evoke emotions related to young love. For example: My first love was in high school「私の初恋は高校時代でした」(わたしのはつこいはいこうこうじだいでした). I still remember my first love「今でも初恋を覚えています」(いまでもはつこいをおぼえています). The word is often used in a reflective or poetic context, emphasizing the emotional impact of that first romantic experience.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7124

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stretch, Prolong

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 延Prolong

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引き延ばす (ひきのばす)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to prolong' or 'to extend' in terms of time or duration. For example: he prolonged the meeting「彼は会議を引き延ばした」(かれはかいぎをひきのばした). The second meaning is 'to stretch' or 'to elongate' in a physical sense. For example: she stretched the dough「彼女は生地を引き延ばした」(かのじょはきじをひきのばした). This verb is often used in contexts where something is being extended or stretched beyond its original state, whether in time or physical form.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7126

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Weakness

Reading

Kanji

弱Weak

Explanation

The Japanese noun '弱 (じゃく)' refers to 'weakness' or 'a weak point'. It is often used to describe a lack of strength, either physically, mentally, or in terms of ability. For example: his weakness is his lack of confidence「彼の弱は自信のなさだ」(かれのじゃくはじしんのなさだ). This team's weakness is their defense「このチームの弱はディフェンスだ」(このチームのじゃくはディフェンスだ). The word can also be used in compound words, such as '弱点 (じゃくてん)' (weak point) or '弱気 (よわき)' (timidity).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7131

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Each

Reading

Kanji

各Each

Explanation

The Japanese noun '各々 (おのおの)' means 'each' or 'every one'. It is used to refer to every individual in a group or every item in a collection. This word emphasizes individuality within a collective context. For example: Each person has their own opinion「各々が自分の意見を持っている」(おのおのがじぶんのいけんをもっている). Each student received a book「各々の学生に本が配られた」(おのおのがくせいにほんがくばられた). Note that '各々' is often used in formal or written contexts and can sometimes be replaced with 'それぞれ' in casual speech, though '各々' carries a slightly more formal tone.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7146

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cargo

Reading

Kanji

物Thing 貨Goods, Freight

Explanation

The Japanese noun '貨物 (かもつ)' refers to 'cargo' or 'freight'. It is used to describe goods or products that are transported, typically by ship, train, truck, or airplane. This term is commonly used in logistics, shipping, and transportation contexts. For example: The cargo was delivered on time「貨物は時間通りに届けられた」(かもつはじかんどおりにとどけられた). The ship is carrying a lot of cargo「その船はたくさんの貨物を運んでいる」(そのふねはたくさんのかもつをはこんでいる). Note that '貨物' is often used in formal or technical contexts, and it can refer to both commercial and non-commercial goods.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7147

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nobel Prize

Reading

Kanji

賞Prize

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ノーベル賞 (ノーベルしょう)' refers to the 'Nobel Prize', an international award given annually in several categories to recognize outstanding contributions in fields such as physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, peace, and economics. The word is a direct borrowing from English, written in katakana to reflect its foreign origin. For example: He won the Nobel Prize in Literature「彼はノーベル文学賞を受賞した」(かれはノーベルぶんがくしょうをじゅしょうした). The Nobel Prize ceremony is held in Stockholm「ノーベル賞の授賞式はストックホルムで行われます」(ノーベルしょうのじゅしょうしきはストックホルムでおこなわれます).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7163

Composition

kanji-hiragana-katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deposit

Reading

Kanji

預Deposit 金Gold

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '預金 (よきん)' refers to the act of depositing money into a bank or financial institution, or the money that has been deposited. It is commonly used in contexts related to banking and finance. For example: I made a deposit at the bank「銀行に預金をした」(ぎんこうによきんをした). The deposit earns interest「その預金は利息がつく」(そのよきんはりそくがつく). This term is often used in formal or financial contexts, and it can refer to both the action of depositing and the deposited funds themselves.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7166

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Loss

Reading

Kanji

損Loss, Damage

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '損 (そん)' means 'loss'. It refers to a disadvantage, harm, or negative outcome resulting from an action or situation. It is often used in contexts involving financial loss, missed opportunities, or general detriment. For example: I suffered a loss「損をした」(そんをした). It's a loss to miss this opportunity「この機会を逃すのは損だ」(このきかいをのがすのはそんだ). The word can also appear in compound terms like '損害 (そんがい)' (damage) or '損得 (そんとく)' (loss and gain).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7172

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lose

Reading

Kanji

損Loss, Damage

Explanation

The Japanese verb '損する (そんする)' means 'to lose' in the sense of suffering a loss, disadvantage, or missing out on an opportunity. It is often used in financial or situational contexts where someone experiences a setback or disadvantage. For example: I lost money on that deal「その取引で損した」(そのとりひきでそんした). You'll lose out if you don't act now「今行動しないと損するよ」(いまこうどうしないとそんするよ). This verb can also imply missing out on a benefit or opportunity, as in '損しないように早く決めてください (そんしないようにはやくきめてください) (Please decide quickly so you don't miss out).'

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7173

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Burn

Reading

Kanji

燃Burn

Explanation

The Japanese verb '燃やす (もやす)' means 'to burn'. It is used to describe the action of setting something on fire or causing it to combust. This verb can be used for both literal and metaphorical contexts. For example: He burned the old letters「彼は古い手紙を燃やした」(かれはふるいてがみをもやした). The athlete burned with determination「その選手は決意に燃えていた」(そのせんしゅはけついにもえていた). In metaphorical usage, it often conveys intense emotion or passion, such as burning with desire or ambition.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7174

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sunburn

Reading

Kanji

焼Burn, Bake 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '日焼け (ひやけ)' refers to the condition of the skin becoming red or darkened due to exposure to the sun. It is commonly used to describe the result of spending time under strong sunlight, such as at the beach or during outdoor activities. For example: I got a sunburn at the beach「海で日焼けした」(うみでひやけした). Her face is red from sunburn「彼女の顔は日焼けで赤い」(かのじょのかおはひやけであかい). The term can also imply a tan, depending on the context, but it primarily emphasizes the effect of sun exposure on the skin.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7175

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grilled meat

Reading

Kanji

肉Meat 焼Burn, Bake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '焼き肉 (やきにく)' refers to 'grilled meat', specifically meat that is grilled, often at the table, and is a popular style of dining in Japan. It is commonly associated with yakiniku restaurants where diners grill bite-sized pieces of meat (such as beef, pork, or chicken) themselves on a grill built into the table. Example sentences: Let's eat grilled meat tonight「今夜は焼き肉を食べよう」(こんやはやきにくをたべよう). Grilled meat is delicious「焼き肉は美味しい」(やきにくはおいしい). This word is often used in casual dining contexts and is a staple of Japanese barbecue culture.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7176

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sunset

Reading

Kanji

夕Evening 焼Burn, Bake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夕焼け (ゆうやけ)' refers to the phenomenon of the sky turning red or orange during sunset. It is often associated with a picturesque or romantic view of the evening sky. This word is commonly used in poetry, literature, and everyday conversation to describe the beauty of the sunset. For example: The sunset was beautiful「夕焼けがきれいだった」(ゆうやけがきれいだった). Let's watch the sunset together「一緒に夕焼けを見よう」(いっしょにゆうやけをみよう). The word can also evoke a sense of nostalgia or the end of a day.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7177

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fried noodles

Reading

Kanji

焼Burn, Bake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '焼きそば (やきそば)' refers to a popular dish of fried noodles, typically made with wheat noodles, vegetables, and meat or seafood, seasoned with a savory sauce. It is a common street food and casual meal in Japan. For example: I ate fried noodles at the festival「祭りで焼きそばを食べた」(まつりでやきそばをたべた). This shop's fried noodles are delicious「この店の焼きそばは美味しい」(このみせのやきそばはおいしい). The dish is often associated with festivals, food stalls, and casual dining.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7178

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rice planting

Reading

Kanji

植Plant 田Rice field

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '田植え (たうえ)' refers to the act of planting rice seedlings in a paddy field. This term is deeply rooted in Japanese agriculture and culture, as rice has been a staple food in Japan for centuries. The process of '田植え' is typically carried out during the rainy season in early summer. For example: Rice planting is hard work「田植えは大変な仕事です」(たうえはたいへんなしごとです). They started rice planting early in the morning「彼らは朝早く田植えを始めました」(かれらはあさはやくたうえをはじめました). This term is often used in contexts related to farming, rural life, and traditional Japanese practices.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7184

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cutting board

Reading

Kanji

板Board

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'まな板 (まないた)' refers to a 'cutting board', a flat surface used in cooking for cutting and preparing food. It is an essential tool in Japanese kitchens, often made from wood or plastic. Example sentences: Please wash the cutting board after use「まな板を使った後で洗ってください」(まないたをつかったあとであらってください). I bought a new cutting board「新しいまな板を買いました」(あたらしいまないたをかいました). The word is commonly used in everyday cooking contexts and is straightforward in its meaning.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7185

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Melt

Reading

Kanji

溶Melt, Dissolve

Explanation

The Japanese verb '溶かす (とかす)' means 'to melt'. It is used when referring to the process of turning a solid into a liquid, typically by heating. This verb can be used for various substances like ice, chocolate, or metal. For example: I melted the chocolate「チョコレートを溶かした」(ちょこれーとをとかした). The ice melted in the sun「氷が太陽で溶かした」(こおりがたいようでとかした). It's important to note that '溶かす' is a transitive verb, meaning it requires a direct object to indicate what is being melted.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7194

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Treatment

Reading

Kanji

療Cure, Heal 治Cure, Reign

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '治療 (ちりょう)' means 'treatment' and is commonly used in medical or therapeutic contexts. It refers to the act of treating an illness, injury, or condition to improve or cure it. This word is often used in phrases like '治療を受ける (ちりょうをうける)' (to receive treatment) or '治療が必要 (ちりょうがひつよう)' (treatment is necessary). Example sentences: The doctor recommended treatment「医者は治療を勧めた」(いしゃはちりょうをすすめた). This disease requires immediate treatment「この病気はすぐに治療が必要だ」(このびょうきはすぐにちりょうがひつようだ).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7198

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Addiction

Reading

Kanji

毒Poison 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '中毒 (ちゅうどく)' refers to 'addiction' or 'poisoning'. It is used to describe a state of being addicted to something, such as a substance, activity, or behavior. It can also refer to poisoning, though this usage is less common in everyday conversation. For example: He has a smartphone addiction「彼はスマホ中毒です」(かれはスマホちゅうどくです). Food poisoning is dangerous「食中毒は危険です」(しょくちゅうどくはきけんです). The word is often combined with other nouns to specify the type of addiction or poisoning, such as 'アルコール中毒 (あるこーるちゅうどく)' (alcohol addiction) or '薬物中毒 (やくぶつちゅうどく)' (drug addiction).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7199

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Poisonous

Reading

Kanji

毒Poison 有Exist

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '有毒 (ゆうどく)' means 'poisonous' or 'toxic'. It is used to describe substances, plants, animals, or other entities that contain or produce poison. This term is often used in scientific, medical, or environmental contexts. For example: that mushroom is poisonous「そのキノコは有毒です」(そのきのこはゆうどくです). The chemical is toxic to humans「その化学物質は人間にとって有毒です」(そのかがくぶっしつはにんげんにとってゆうどくです). Note that '有毒' is often used in formal or technical contexts, and it can also imply danger or harm beyond just physical toxicity.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7200

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Editing

Reading

Kanji

集Gather 編Edit, Knit

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '編集 (へんしゅう)' means 'editing'. It refers to the process of revising, correcting, or preparing written, visual, or audio material for publication or presentation. This term is commonly used in contexts such as book editing, video editing, or magazine editing. For example: I am editing a book「本を編集しています」(ほんをへんしゅうしています). She is good at video editing「彼女は動画編集が得意です」(かのじょはどうがへんしゅうがとくいです). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '編集者 (へんしゅうしゃ)' (editor) or '編集作業 (へんしゅうさぎょう)' (editing work).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7203

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Complex, Housing

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 団Group, Association

Explanation

The Japanese noun '団地 (だんち)' refers to a housing complex or residential area, typically consisting of multiple apartment buildings or houses built together. These complexes are often developed by public or private entities and are common in urban and suburban areas. For example: I live in a housing complex「私は団地に住んでいます」(わたしはだんちにすんでいます). The housing complex has a park「その団地には公園があります」(そのだんちにはこうえんがあります). The term can also imply a sense of community or shared facilities within the complex.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7210

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pronoun

Reading

Kanji

詞Poetry, Words 名Name 代Substitute, Era

Explanation

The Japanese noun '代名詞 (だいめいし)' means 'pronoun'. In grammar, it refers to a word that substitutes for a noun or noun phrase, such as 'he', 'she', 'it', or 'they' in English. This term is used in linguistic contexts to describe parts of speech. For example: Pronouns are important in Japanese「代名詞は日本語で重要です」(だいめいしはにほんごでじゅうようです). She is a pronoun「彼女は代名詞です」(かのじょはだいめいしです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is representative or symbolic of a larger concept, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7221

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grilled chicken

Reading

Kanji

焼Burn, Bake 鳥Bird

Explanation

The Japanese noun '焼き鳥 (やきとり)' refers to 'grilled chicken skewers', a popular dish in Japan. It typically consists of bite-sized pieces of chicken grilled on skewers, often seasoned with salt or a tare sauce (a sweet soy-based glaze). This dish is commonly enjoyed at izakayas (Japanese pubs) or street food stalls. Example sentences: I ate grilled chicken skewers at the festival「祭りで焼き鳥を食べた」(まつりでやきとりをたべた). Let's go eat grilled chicken skewers tonight「今夜は焼き鳥を食べに行こう」(こんやはやきとりをたべにいこう). Note that while '焼き鳥' primarily refers to chicken, some variations may include other meats or vegetables.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7225

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Parking

Reading

Kanji

車Car 駐Parking, Stationed

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '駐車 (ちゅうしゃ)' means 'parking'. It refers to the act of parking a vehicle, such as a car, in a designated area. This term is commonly used in contexts related to traffic regulations, parking lots, and vehicle management. For example: Parking is prohibited here「ここは駐車禁止です」(ここはちゅうしゃきんしです). I am looking for a parking space「駐車場を探しています」(ちゅうしゃじょうをさがしています). Note that '駐車' is often combined with other words to form compound terms, such as '駐車場 (ちゅうしゃじょう)' (parking lot) or '駐車禁止 (ちゅうしゃきんし)' (no parking).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7229

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Japan flag

Reading

Kanji

丸Round 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日の丸 (ひのまる)' refers to the national flag of Japan, which features a red circle (representing the sun) on a white background. This term is often used to symbolize Japan itself or Japanese identity. For example: The Japanese flag is called '日の丸'「日本の国旗は日の丸と呼ばれます」(にほんのこっきはひのまとよばれます). The '日の丸' fluttered in the wind「日の丸が風にはためいていた」(ひのまるがかぜにはためいていた). The term is deeply rooted in Japanese culture and history, and it is commonly seen at official events, schools, and during national holidays.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7250

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Perfectly round

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 丸Round

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '真ん丸 (まんまる)' means 'perfectly round.' It is used to describe something that is completely circular or round in shape, often with a positive connotation of cuteness or perfection. This word is commonly used to describe objects like balls, faces, or other round items. Example: The moon is perfectly round tonight 「今夜の月は真ん丸だ」 (こんやのつきはまんまるだ). The baby's face is perfectly round 「赤ちゃんの顔は真ん丸だ」 (あかちゃんのかおはまんまるだ). Note that '真ん丸' is a colloquial term and is often used in conversational contexts.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7251

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Explosion

Reading

Kanji

爆Burst, Explode 発Departure

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '爆発 (ばくはつ)' means 'explosion'. It refers to a sudden and violent release of energy, often accompanied by a loud noise and destruction. This word can be used literally, such as in the context of a bomb exploding, or figuratively, to describe a sudden outburst of emotions or events. For example: The explosion was heard far away「爆発が遠くまで聞こえた」(ばくはつがとおくまできこえた). His anger exploded「彼の怒りが爆発した」(かれのいかりがばくはつした). The word can also be used in compound forms, such as '爆発物 (ばくはつぶつ)' (explosive material) or '爆発力 (ばくはつりょく)' (explosive power).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7252

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crash

Reading

Kanji

暴Violent, Outburst 落Fall

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '暴落 (ぼうらく)' refers to a sudden and drastic drop or crash, particularly in financial contexts such as stock prices or market values. It conveys a sense of rapid and uncontrollable decline. For example: The stock market crashed「株価が暴落した」(かぶかがぼうらくした). The price of oil crashed「石油の価格が暴落した」(せきゆのかかくがぼうらくした). This term is often used in economic or financial discussions to describe significant and unexpected downturns.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7253

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Violence, Roughness

Reading

Kanji

暴Violent, Outburst 乱Disorder, Riot

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '乱暴 (らんぼう)' can mean 'violence' or 'roughness'. It refers to aggressive or unruly behavior, often implying a lack of control or consideration for others. It can describe physical actions, such as hitting or pushing, or more abstract behaviors, like speaking harshly or acting recklessly. For example: He was scolded for his violent behavior「彼は乱暴な行為を叱られた」(かれはらんぼうなこういをしかられた). Don't handle the equipment roughly「その装置を乱暴に扱わないで」(そのそうちをらんぼうにあつかわないで). The word can also be used as an adjective, as in '乱暴な人 (らんぼうなひと)' (violent/rough person).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7254

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Prevention

Reading

Kanji

止Stop 防Prevent, Defend

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '防止 (ぼうし)' means 'prevention'. It is used to describe the act of stopping something from happening or avoiding a negative outcome. This word is often used in contexts related to safety, security, and health. For example: crime prevention「犯罪防止」(はんざいぼうし). Accident prevention「事故防止」(じこぼうし). It is commonly paired with other nouns to form compound words that specify what is being prevented, such as '火災防止 (かさいぼうし) (fire prevention)' or '感染防止 (かんせんぼうし) (infection prevention)'. The word carries a formal tone and is frequently used in official or technical contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7258

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Prevention

Reading

Kanji

防Prevent, Defend 予Beforehand

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '予防 (よぼう)' means 'prevention'. It refers to actions or measures taken to avoid or reduce the risk of something undesirable, such as diseases, accidents, or problems. It is commonly used in contexts related to health, safety, and maintenance. For example: disease prevention「病気の予防」(びょうきのよぼう). Accident prevention is important「事故の予防は大切です」(じこのよぼうはたいせつです). This word is often paired with verbs like 'する' to form phrases like '予防する' (to prevent).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7259

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fire prevention

Reading

Kanji

火Fire 防Prevent, Defend

Explanation

The Japanese noun '防火 (ぼうか)' means 'fire prevention'. It refers to measures or actions taken to prevent fires. This term is commonly used in contexts related to safety, construction, and urban planning. For example: Fire prevention is important「防火は大切です」(ぼうかはたいせつです). They installed fire prevention equipment「彼らは防火設備を設置しました」(かれらはぼうかせつびをせっちしました). The term is often seen in signs and regulations, such as '防火区域 (ぼうかくいき)' which means 'fire prevention zone'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7261

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dull

Reading

Kanji

鈍Blunt, Dull

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '鈍い (にぶい)' primarily means 'dull'. It can describe something that is not sharp, such as a knife, or something that is slow or sluggish, like a reaction or movement. For example: This knife is dull「このナイフは鈍い」(このナイフはにぶい). His reaction was slow「彼の反応は鈍かった」(かれのはんのうはにぶかった). The adjective can also be used metaphorically to describe a person's wit or senses as being dull or not sharp. For example: She is not quick-witted「彼女は頭の回転が鈍い」(かのじょはあたまのかいてんがにぶい).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7280

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Insensitive

Reading

Kanji

鈍Blunt, Dull 感Feeling, Sensation

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '鈍感 (どんかん)' means 'insensitive'. It describes a person who is not easily affected by or aware of subtle changes, emotions, or situations. It can be used to describe someone who is emotionally or physically unresponsive. For example: he is insensitive to criticism「彼は批判に鈍感だ」(かれはひはんにどんかんだ). She is insensitive to cold「彼女は寒さに鈍感だ」(かのじょはさむさにどんかんだ). This word can also imply a lack of awareness or consideration for others' feelings, but it is not inherently negative and can sometimes be used humorously or neutrally.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7281

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bathing

Reading

Kanji

浴Bathe 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '入浴 (にゅうよく)' refers to the act of bathing, particularly entering a bath. It is commonly used in contexts related to personal hygiene, relaxation, or traditional Japanese bathing culture. For example: I enjoy bathing「私は入浴を楽しむ」(わたしはにゅうよくをたのしむ). After work, I always take a bath「仕事の後、いつも入浴する」(しごとのあと、いつもにゅうよくする). This word is often associated with soaking in a bathtub, especially in a Japanese-style bath (ofuro).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7282

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Teacup

Reading

Kanji

湯Hot water 飲Drink

Explanation

The Japanese noun '湯飲み (ゆのみ)' refers to a teacup, specifically a cup used for drinking tea. It is commonly used in Japanese households and tea ceremonies. The word is a combination of '湯 (ゆ)', meaning hot water or tea, and '飲み (のみ)', meaning drinking. Example sentences: Please pass me the teacup「湯飲みを取ってください」(ゆのみをとってください). This teacup is beautiful「この湯飲みはきれいです」(このゆのみはきれいです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7288

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Steam

Reading

Kanji

気Spirit 湯Hot water

Explanation

The Japanese noun '湯気 (ゆげ)' refers to 'steam' or 'vapor', specifically the visible mist that rises from hot water or other heated liquids. It is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as when describing steam from a hot bath, tea, or food. For example: The steam from the hot spring is warm「温泉の湯気は温かい」(おんせんのゆげはあたたかい). Steam is rising from the cup of tea「湯気がお茶のカップから立ち上っている」(ゆげがおちゃのカップからたちあがっている). This word is often associated with warmth and comfort, particularly in Japanese culture, where hot baths and tea are deeply ingrained.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7289

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cavity

Reading

Kanji

虫Insect 歯Tooth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '虫歯 (むしば)' refers to a dental cavity or tooth decay. It is commonly used in medical or everyday contexts to describe a condition where a tooth has been damaged by decay. For example: I have a cavity「虫歯があります」(むしばがあります). You should go to the dentist for your cavity「虫歯を治すために歯医者に行くべきです」(むしばをなおすためにはいしゃにいくべきです). The term is often associated with poor dental hygiene or excessive sugar consumption.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7293

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wheat

Reading

Kanji

麦Wheat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '麦 (むぎ)' refers to 'wheat', a cereal grain widely cultivated for its seed. It is a staple food used in various forms such as flour, bread, and noodles. In Japan, wheat is also used to make products like udon noodles and beer. Example sentences: I eat bread made from wheat「小麦で作ったパンを食べます」(こむぎでつくったパンをたべます). The field is full of wheat「畑は麦でいっぱいです」(はたけはむぎでいっぱいです). Note that '麦' can sometimes refer to barley in certain contexts, but its primary meaning is wheat.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7301

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kerosene

Reading

Kanji

灯Light, Lamp 油Oil

Explanation

The Japanese noun '灯油 (とうゆ)' refers to 'kerosene', a type of fuel oil commonly used for heating, lighting, and cooking in Japan. It is widely used in portable stoves, heaters, and lamps, especially in rural areas or during power outages. Example sentences: Please buy some kerosene「灯油を買ってきてください」(とうゆをかってきてください). The kerosene heater is very warm「灯油ストーブはとても暖かいです」(とうゆストーブはとてもあたたかいです). Note that '灯油' is specifically used for kerosene and not for other types of fuel like gasoline or diesel.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7303

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Irony, Sarcasm

Reading

Kanji

肉Meat 皮Skin

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '皮肉 (ひにく)' can mean both 'sarcasm' and 'irony'. It is used to describe situations, remarks, or expressions that convey a meaning opposite to what is literally stated, often with a mocking or critical tone. For example: His sarcastic remark hurt her feelings「彼の皮肉な発言は彼女の気持ちを傷つけた」(かれのひにくなはつげんはかのじょのきもちをきずつけた). It's ironic that the firefighter's house burned down「消防士の家が燃えたのは皮肉だ」(しょうぼうしのいえがもえたのはひにくだ). The word can also be used to describe situations where the outcome is contrary to what was expected, highlighting a twist of fate or unexpected result.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7305

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Very

Reading

Kanji

大Big 層Layer

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '大層 (たいそう)' means 'very' or 'extremely'. It is often used to emphasize the degree or extent of something, typically in a formal or literary context. This word carries a nuance of exaggeration or grandiosity, making it suitable for describing something as being remarkably significant or impressive. For example: He is very busy「彼は大層忙しい」(かれはたいそういそがしい). The scenery was extremely beautiful「景色が大層美しかった」(けしきがたいそううつくしかった). Note that '大層' is less commonly used in casual conversation and is more often found in written or formal speech.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7311

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Underwear

Reading

Kanji

着Arrive, Wear 肌Skin

Explanation

The Japanese noun '肌着 (はだぎ)' refers to 'underwear' or 'underclothing'. It specifically denotes garments worn directly against the skin, such as undershirts, underpants, or thermal wear. This term is commonly used in everyday contexts when discussing clothing or laundry. For example: I bought new underwear「新しい肌着を買いました」(あたらしいはだぎをかいました). She washed her underwear「彼女は肌着を洗いました」(かのじょははだぎをあらいました). The word emphasizes the closeness of the clothing to the skin, often implying comfort or practicality.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7316

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Skin color

Reading

Kanji

色Color 肌Skin

Explanation

The Japanese noun '肌色 (はだいろ)' refers to the color of human skin, often described as a light beige or flesh tone. It is commonly used in art, fashion, and design to describe colors that resemble natural skin tones. For example: This shirt is skin-colored「このシャツは肌色です」(このシャツははだいろです). The artist used skin color for the portrait「画家は肖像画に肌色を使いました」(がかはしょうぞうがにはだいろをつかいました). Note that '肌色' can sometimes carry cultural or historical connotations, as it traditionally represents a specific skin tone that may not encompass all human skin colors.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7318

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hatred

Reading

Kanji

憎Hate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '憎しみ (にくしみ)' means 'hatred'. It refers to a strong feeling of dislike or animosity towards someone or something. This word is often used in contexts involving deep-seated resentment or hostility. For example: His hatred for injustice was evident「彼の不正への憎しみは明らかだった」(かれのふせいへのにくしみはあきらかだった). She couldn't hide her hatred for him「彼女は彼への憎しみを隠せなかった」(かのじょはかれへのにくしみをかくせなかった). The word can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as hatred towards an idea or concept.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7326

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hateful

Reading

Kanji

憎Hate

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '憎らしい (にくらしい)' means 'hateful' or 'detestable'. It is used to describe someone or something that provokes feelings of dislike, annoyance, or resentment. This word often carries a sense of frustration or irritation, and it can be used in both serious and slightly playful contexts. For example: That person is so hateful「あの人は本当に憎らしい」(あのひとはほんとうににくらしい). His smug smile is detestable「彼の得意げな笑顔が憎らしい」(かれのとくいげなえがおがにくらしい). Note that while '憎らしい' can describe serious dislike, it can also be used in a lighter tone to describe something mildly irritating or annoying.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7327

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hateful

Reading

Kanji

憎Hate

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '憎い (にくい)' primarily means 'hateful' or 'detestable'. It is used to describe something or someone that evokes strong feelings of dislike or hatred. This word can be used in various contexts, such as describing a person's actions, characteristics, or even situations. For example: His behavior is hateful「彼の行動は憎い」(かれのこうどうはにくい). That person is detestable「あの人は憎い」(あのひとはにくい). Additionally, '憎い' can sometimes be used in a more nuanced or ironic way to describe something that is surprisingly impressive or admirable, often in a grudging manner. For example: That was a hatefully clever move「それは憎いほど賢い手だった」(それはにくいほどかしこいてだった).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7328

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Written exam

Reading

Kanji

記Record 試Try, Attempt 筆Brush 験Test

Explanation

The Japanese noun '筆記試験 (ひっきしけん)' refers to a 'written exam' or 'written test'. It is commonly used in academic or professional settings to describe an examination where answers are written down, as opposed to oral or practical exams. For example: I have a written exam tomorrow「明日は筆記試験があります」(あしたはひっきしけんがあります). The written exam was difficult「筆記試験は難しかった」(ひっきしけんはむずかしかった). This term is often used in contexts like school, university, or job qualification tests.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7331

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stationery

Reading

Kanji

記Record 用Use 筆Brush 具Tool

Explanation

The Japanese noun '筆記用具 (ひっきようぐ)' refers to 'stationery' or 'writing utensils'. It is a general term used to describe tools or instruments used for writing, such as pens, pencils, erasers, and notebooks. This word is commonly used in educational or office settings. For example: I bought new stationery「新しい筆記用具を買いました」(あたらしいひっきようぐをかいました). Please bring your stationery to the meeting「会議に筆記用具を持ってきてください」(かいぎにひっきようぐをもってきてください). The term emphasizes items specifically used for writing or taking notes, distinguishing it from other types of office supplies.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7332

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bandage

Reading

Kanji

帯Belt, Wear 包Wrap

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '包帯 (ほうたい)' refers to a 'bandage', which is a strip of material used to cover and protect wounds. It is commonly used in medical contexts or when discussing injuries. For example: I wrapped a bandage around the wound「傷に包帯を巻いた」(きずにほうたいをまいた). The nurse changed the bandage「看護師が包帯を替えた」(かんごしがほうたいをかえた). This word is often used in both casual and formal settings when discussing medical care or first aid.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7338

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Package

Reading

Kanji

包Wrap

Explanation

The Japanese noun '包み (つつみ)' refers to a 'package' or 'parcel'. It is commonly used to describe something that is wrapped or bundled, often for the purpose of carrying or sending. This word can be used in various contexts, such as gifts, deliveries, or even abstract ideas wrapped in a concept. For example: I received a package「包みを受け取りました」(つつみをうけとりました). She wrapped the gift beautifully「彼女は贈り物をきれいに包みました」(かのじょはおくりものをきれいにつつみました). The word can also imply a sense of care or thoughtfulness, as wrapping something often requires effort and attention to detail.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7339

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wrapping

Reading

Kanji

紙Paper 包Wrap

Explanation

The Japanese noun '包み紙 (つつみがみ)' refers to 'wrapping paper' or 'wrapping material'. It is used to describe the paper or material used to wrap gifts, packages, or other items. This word is commonly used in contexts involving gifts, packaging, or presentations. For example: I bought wrapping paper for the gift「プレゼントの包み紙を買いました」(ぷれぜんとのつつみがみをかいました). The wrapping paper is very colorful「その包み紙はとてもカラフルです」(そのつつみがみはとてもからふるです). Note that '包み紙' specifically refers to the paper or material used for wrapping, not the act of wrapping itself.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7340

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Same surname

Reading

Kanji

姓Surname, Family name 同Same

Explanation

The Japanese noun '同姓 (どうせい)' refers to having the same surname or family name. It is often used in contexts where people share the same last name, whether by coincidence or through marriage. For example: They have the same surname「彼らは同姓です」(かれらはどうせいです). In Japan, it is common for married couples to share the same surname, so this term is relevant in discussions about family or legal matters. Another example: Many people in this village have the same surname「この村の多くの人が同姓です」(このむらのおおくのひとがどうせいです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7347

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Enclosure

Reading

Kanji

封Seal 同Same

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '同封 (どうふう)' refers to the act of enclosing something within a letter, package, or document. It is commonly used in formal or business contexts when sending additional materials along with the main content. For example: I enclosed a brochure with the letter「手紙にパンフレットを同封しました」(てがみにぱんふれっとをどうふうしました). Please find the document enclosed in the envelope「封筒に書類を同封しております」(ふうとうにしょるいをどうふうしております). The term emphasizes the inclusion of supplementary items and is often used in written communication.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7352

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Seal

Reading

Kanji

封Seal

Explanation

The Japanese noun '封 (ふう)' primarily means 'seal'. It refers to the act of sealing something, such as a letter or a package, to ensure it remains closed and secure. This word is often used in contexts involving envelopes, packages, or any item that requires sealing. For example: Please seal the letter「手紙を封じてください」(てがみをふうじてください). The package is sealed「その荷物は封がされている」(そのにもつはふうがされている). Additionally, '封' can also be used metaphorically to describe the act of closing off or restricting something, such as information or a place.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7353

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

See

Reading

Kanji

拝Worship 見See

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '拝見 (はいけん)' is a humble expression meaning 'to see' or 'to look at'. It is used to show respect or humility when referring to the act of seeing something, especially when the subject is something belonging to someone of higher status or when the speaker wants to be polite. For example: I will take a look at the document「書類を拝見します」(しょるいをはいけんします). May I see your work?「あなたの作品を拝見してもいいですか？」(あなたのさくひんをはいけんしてもいいですか？). This term is often used in formal or business settings to convey politeness and respect.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7359

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Prime Minister

Reading

Kanji

大Big 総General, Total 理Reason 臣Servant, Retainer

Explanation

The Japanese noun '総理大臣 (そうりだいじん)' means 'Prime Minister.' This term refers to the head of government in Japan, who is responsible for leading the cabinet and implementing national policies. The Prime Minister is appointed by the Emperor after being designated by the National Diet. Example usage: The meeting was attended by the Prime Minister 「その会議には総理大臣が出席した」 (そのかいぎにはそうりだいじんがしゅっせきした). The Prime Minister announced new policies 「総理大臣が新しい政策を発表した」 (そうりだいじんがあたらしいせいさくをはっぴょうした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7374

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cunning, Crafty

Reading

Kanji

悪Evil 賢Wise, Clever

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '悪賢い (わるがしこい)' describes someone or something that is cunning or crafty, often implying a cleverness used for deceitful or selfish purposes. It carries a negative connotation, suggesting slyness or trickery. For example: He is a cunning fox「彼は悪賢い狐だ」(かれはわるがしこいきつねだ). She gave a crafty smile「彼女は悪賢い笑みを浮かべた」(かのじょはわるがしこいえみをうかべた). This word is typically used to describe people or animals that exhibit clever but morally questionable behavior.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7385

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Agency

Reading

Kanji

庁Government office, Agency

Explanation

The Japanese noun '庁 (ちょう)' refers to a government agency or office. It is commonly used in the names of governmental or administrative bodies, such as '警察庁 (けいさつちょう)' (National Police Agency) or '環境庁 (かんきょうちょう)' (Environment Agency). This term is formal and typically appears in official contexts. For example: The agency issued a new policy「庁は新しい政策を発表した」(ちょうはあたらしいせいさくをはっぴょうした). He works at the tax agency「彼は税務庁で働いている」(かれはぜいむちょうではたらいている). Note that '庁' is often part of compound words and is rarely used standalone.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7401

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Government, Metropolitan

Reading

Kanji

都Metropolis 庁Government office, Agency

Explanation

The Japanese noun '都庁 (とちょう)' refers to the metropolitan government, specifically the administrative body governing a metropolitan area, most notably Tokyo. It is a compound of '都 (と)' meaning 'metropolis' and '庁 (ちょう)' meaning 'government office'. This term is often used in the context of Tokyo's local government, known as '東京都庁 (とうきょうとちょう)'. Example sentences include: The metropolitan government building is tall「都庁の建物は高い」(とちょうのたてものはたかい). I visited the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Office「東京都庁を訪れました」(とうきょうとちょうをおとずれました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7403

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Prefectural office

Reading

Kanji

庁Government office, Agency 府Government office, Urban prefecture

Explanation

The Japanese noun '府庁 (ふちょう)' refers to the administrative office or headquarters of a prefecture, particularly in the context of Japan's governmental structure. It is often used to denote the main office where prefectural governance and administrative tasks are carried out. For example: The prefectural office is located in the city center「府庁は市の中心にあります」(ふちょうはしのちゅうしんにあります). I visited the prefectural office to submit documents「書類を提出するために府庁を訪れました」(しょるいをていしゅつするためにふちょうをおとずれました). This term is specific to Japan's administrative divisions and is commonly used in formal or bureaucratic contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7404

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Below zero

Reading

Kanji

零Zero 下Down

Explanation

The Japanese noun '零下 (れいか)' means 'below zero'. It is used to describe temperatures that are below the freezing point of water (0°C or 32°F). This term is commonly used in weather forecasts or when discussing cold climates. For example: The temperature is below zero today「今日の気温は零下です」(きょうのきおんはれいかです). It was below zero last night「昨夜は零下でした」(さくやはれいかでした). Note that '零下' is often used in combination with temperature numbers, such as '零下5度 (れいかごど)' meaning '5 degrees below zero'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7409

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Twins

Reading

Kanji

双Both, Pair 子Child

Explanation

The Japanese noun '双子 (ふたご)' refers to 'twins', specifically two offspring born from the same pregnancy. This word is used to describe siblings who are born at the same time. It can be used for both humans and animals. For example: They are twins「彼らは双子です」(かれらはふたごです). The cat gave birth to twins「その猫は双子を産んだ」(そのねこはふたごをうんだ). The term is neutral and does not specify whether the twins are identical or fraternal.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7419

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Onion

Reading

Kanji

玉Ball, Jewel

Explanation

The Japanese noun '玉ねぎ (たまねぎ)' refers to the vegetable 'onion'. It is commonly used in cooking and everyday conversation. The word is a combination of '玉 (たま)', meaning 'ball' or 'round object', and 'ねぎ', which refers to 'green onion' or 'scallion'. This reflects the round shape of the onion. Example sentences: I bought onions at the store「店で玉ねぎを買いました」(みせでたまねぎをかいました). Onions are essential for this recipe「このレシピには玉ねぎが欠かせません」(このレシピにはたまねぎがかかせません).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7423

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Eat, Drink

Reading

Kanji

上Up 召Seduce, Summon

Explanation

The Japanese verb '召し上がる (めしあがる)' is a polite honorific form used to express 'eat' or 'drink'. It is typically used when referring to someone of higher status or to show respect. For example: Please eat this「これを召し上がってください」(これをめしあがってください). Would you like to drink some tea?「お茶を召し上がりますか？」(おちゃをめしあがりますか？). This verb is often used in formal settings or when addressing guests. Note that it is not used to describe one's own actions, as it is considered humble to use '食べる (たべる)' or '飲む (のむ)' for oneself.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7425

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting