Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Kanji JLPT Level

word

Meaning

A kind

Reading

Kanji

一One 種Kind, Variety

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一種 (いっしゅ)' means 'a kind' or 'a sort'. It is used to describe something as being of a particular type or category, often implying uniqueness or a special quality. For example: This is a kind of magic「これは一種の魔法だ」(これはいっしゅのまほうだ). He has a kind of charm「彼には一種の魅力がある」(かれにはいっしゅのみりょくがある). The word can also be used to express that something is somewhat or partially of a certain nature, as in 'a kind of happiness'「一種の幸せ」(いっしゅのしあわせ).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3170

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Event

Reading

Kanji

種Kind, Variety 目Eye

Explanation

The Japanese noun '種目 (しゅもく)' refers to a specific event, category, or item, particularly in contexts like sports, competitions, or lists. It is commonly used to describe a distinct part of a larger program or schedule. For example: the next event is the 100-meter dash「次の種目は100メートル走です」(つぎのしゅもくはひゃくメートルそうです). This event is my favorite「この種目は私のお気に入りです」(このしゅもくはわたしのおきにいりです). The word is often used in formal or organized settings, such as sports tournaments or academic competitions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3175

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Composition

Reading

Kanji

作Make 曲Music, Bend

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '作曲 (さっきょく)' refers to the act of composing music. It is used to describe the process of creating musical pieces, whether they are songs, symphonies, or other forms of music. This term is often used in contexts related to music production, education, and appreciation. For example: He is famous for his composition「彼は作曲で有名です」(かれはさっきょくでゆうめいです). I enjoy composing music in my free time「私は暇な時に作曲を楽しみます」(わたしはひまなときにさっきょくをたのしみます). The word can also be used in compound forms, such as '作曲家 (さっきょくか)' which means 'composer'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3185

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Common

Reading

Kanji

共Together 通Commute, Pass

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '共通 (きょうつう)' means 'common' or 'shared'. It is used to describe something that is mutual, shared, or applicable to multiple people, things, or situations. This word is often used in contexts where there is a shared characteristic, feature, or understanding. For example: We have common interests「私たちには共通の興味がある」(わたしたちにはきょうつうのきょうみがある). This problem is common to all「この問題はすべてに共通している」(このもんだいはすべてにきょうつうしている). Note that '共通' is frequently used in compound words, such as '共通点 (きょうつうてん)' (common point) or '共通語 (きょうつうご)' (common language).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3186

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Occasion

Reading

Kanji

折Bend, Fold

Explanation

The Japanese noun '折 (おり)' primarily means 'occasion' or 'time' when referring to a specific moment or event. It is often used to describe a particular instance or opportunity. For example: on that occasion「その折に」(そのおりに). It can also imply a sense of timing or a chance to do something. Another example: this is a good opportunity「これは良い折だ」(これはよいおりだ). Note that '折' is often used in formal or written contexts and carries a nuanced sense of a fleeting or significant moment.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3187

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Common language

Reading

Kanji

共Together 通Commute, Pass 語Language, Word

Explanation

The Japanese noun '共通語 (きょうつうご)' refers to a 'common language' or 'lingua franca' that is widely understood and used by people across different regions or groups. It often implies a standard form of communication that bridges dialects or languages. For example: English is the common language of the world「英語は世界の共通語です」(えいごはせかいのきょうつうごです). In Japan, standard Japanese is the common language「日本では標準語が共通語です」(にほんではひょうじゅんごがきょうつうごです). This term can also refer to shared terminology within specific fields or communities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3190

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cooperation

Reading

Kanji

共Together 同Same

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '共同 (きょうどう)' means 'cooperation' or 'joint effort'. It refers to the act of working together with others towards a common goal. This term is often used in contexts such as business, research, or community projects where collaboration is essential. For example: We need cooperation to complete this project「このプロジェクトを完成させるには共同が必要です」(このプロジェクトをかんせいさせるにはきょうどうがひつようです). They are working on a joint research project「彼らは共同研究に取り組んでいます」(かれらはきょうどうけんきゅうにとりくんでいます). The term can also be used in compound words like '共同作業 (きょうどうさぎょう)' (collaborative work) or '共同責任 (きょうどうせきにん)' (joint responsibility).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3191

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Joint, Combination

Reading

Kanji

合Fit, Match 同Same

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '合同 (ごうどう)' can mean 'joint' or 'combination', depending on the context. It is often used to describe activities, efforts, or events that involve multiple parties working together. For example: a joint project「合同プロジェクト」(ごうどうぷろじぇくと). It can also refer to the merging or combining of different elements, such as in mathematics or business. For example: the combination of two companies「二つの会社の合同」(ふたつのかいしゃのごうどう). Note that '合同' is commonly used in formal or organizational contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3192

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Regular, Commuter pass

Reading

Kanji

定Determine 期Time, Period

Explanation

The Japanese noun '定期 (ていき)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'regular', referring to something that occurs at fixed intervals or is consistent in nature. For example: a regular meeting「定期の会議」(ていきのかいぎ). The second meaning is 'commuter pass', specifically referring to a ticket or pass used for regular commuting, such as on trains or buses. For example: I bought a commuter pass「定期を買いました」(ていきをかいました). It's important to note that the context in which '定期' is used will determine which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3194

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Account

Reading

Kanji

口Mouth 座Sit, Seat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '口座 (こうざ)' refers to a bank account. It is commonly used in contexts related to banking, finance, and transactions. For example: I opened a new bank account「新しい口座を開きました」(あたらしいこうざをひらきました). Please transfer the money to my account「私の口座にお金を振り込んでください」(わたしのこうざにおかねをふりこんでください). The term is neutral and can refer to any type of bank account, whether it's for savings, checking, or other purposes.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3198

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lodging

Reading

Kanji

下Down 宿Lodging

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '下宿 (げしゅく)' refers to 'lodging' or 'boarding'. It typically describes a situation where someone rents a room in a private home, often including meals. This term is commonly used by students or workers who live away from their family homes. For example: I found a lodging near the university「大学の近くに下宿を見つけた」(だいがくのちかくにげしゅくをみつけた). She is staying at a lodging house「彼女は下宿に泊まっている」(かのじょはげしゅくにとまっている). The term emphasizes the temporary and rented nature of the accommodation, distinguishing it from owning or permanently residing in a place.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3200

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

English Japanese

Reading

Kanji

英England, Distinguished 和Peace

Explanation

The Japanese noun '英和 (えいわ)' refers to something that is related to both English and Japanese, often used in the context of dictionaries or language resources. It is commonly seen in the titles of English-Japanese dictionaries, such as '英和辞典 (えいわじてん)'. For example: I bought an English-Japanese dictionary「英和辞典を買いました」(えいわじてんをかいました). This book is an English-Japanese translation guide「この本は英和翻訳ガイドです」(このほんはえいわほんやくガイドです). The term can also be used more broadly to describe anything that bridges English and Japanese languages or cultures.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3203

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relative

Reading

Kanji

親Parent 類Kind, Type

Explanation

The Japanese noun '親類 (しんるい)' refers to a 'relative' or 'relation', specifically someone connected by blood or marriage. It is a general term used to describe family members beyond the immediate family, such as cousins, aunts, uncles, or in-laws. For example: He is my relative「彼は私の親類です」(かれはわたしのしんるいです). We have many relatives「私たちは親類が多いです」(わたしたちはしんるいがおおいです). The word is often used in formal or neutral contexts and can sometimes imply a broader family network.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3214

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thumb

Reading

Kanji

親Parent 指Finger

Explanation

The Japanese noun '親指 (おやゆび)' refers to the 'thumb', the shortest and thickest digit of the human hand. It is used in various contexts, such as describing body parts, gestures, or actions involving the thumb. For example: I hurt my thumb「親指をけがした」(おやゆびをけがした). He gave a thumbs up「彼は親指を立てた」(かれはおやゆびをたてた). The thumb is often contrasted with other fingers, such as in the phrase '親指と人差し指 (おやゆびとひとさしゆび) (thumb and index finger)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3223

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Arrangement, Placement

Reading

Kanji

配Distribute 置Put

Explanation

The Japanese noun '配置 (はいち)' refers to the arrangement or placement of objects, people, or elements in a specific order or position. It is commonly used in contexts such as organizing furniture, positioning items, or assigning roles. For example: the arrangement of the furniture is good「家具の配置が良い」(かぐのはいちがいい). The placement of the employees was carefully planned「社員の配置は慎重に計画された」(しゃいんのはいちはしんちょうにけいかくされた). This word emphasizes the deliberate and strategic nature of arranging or placing something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3227

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Year end

Reading

Kanji

歳Year, Years old 末End

Explanation

The Japanese noun '歳末 (さいまつ)' refers to the end of the year, particularly the period leading up to the New Year. This term is often used in contexts related to year-end activities, such as cleaning, shopping, or preparing for celebrations. It carries a sense of closure and preparation for the upcoming year. Example sentences: The year-end sales are starting「歳末セールが始まります」(さいまつセールがはじまります). We are busy with year-end preparations「歳末の準備で忙しい」(さいまつのじゅんびでいそがしい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3229

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Consumer

Reading

Kanji

消Extinguish 費Expense 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '消費者 (しょうひしゃ)' means 'consumer'. This term refers to an individual or entity that purchases goods or services for personal use rather than for resale or commercial purposes. It is commonly used in economic, business, and marketing contexts. For example: Consumers are becoming more environmentally conscious「消費者は環境意識が高まっている」(しょうひしゃはかんきょういしきがたかまっている). The company focuses on consumer needs「その会社は消費者のニーズに焦点を当てている」(そのかいしゃはしょうひしゃのニーズにしょうてんをあてている). The word is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3236

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Patent

Reading

Kanji

特Special 許Permit, Allow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '特許 (とっきょ)' refers to a 'patent', which is an exclusive right granted for an invention. This term is commonly used in legal, business, and technological contexts. A patent allows the holder to prevent others from making, using, or selling the invention without permission. For example: He applied for a patent「彼は特許を申請した」(かれはとっきょをしんせいした). This technology is protected by a patent「この技術は特許で保護されている」(このぎじゅつはとっきょでほごされている). The word can also appear in compound terms like '特許権 (とっきょけん)' (patent rights) or '特許庁 (とっきょちょう)' (patent office).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3237

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Immediately

Reading

Kanji

直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '直ちに (ただちに)' means 'immediately' or 'at once'. It is used to indicate that something should be done without any delay. This word is often used in formal or urgent contexts, such as instructions, warnings, or official announcements. For example: Please leave the building immediately「直ちに建物を出てください」(ただちにたてものをでてください). The doctor came immediately「医者は直ちに来た」(いしゃはただちにきた). Note that '直ちに' carries a sense of urgency and is more formal than other similar words like 'すぐに'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3241

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sharing, Joint ownership

Reading

Kanji

共Together 有Exist

Explanation

The Japanese noun '共有 (きょうゆう)' refers to the act of sharing something or the state of joint ownership. It is commonly used in contexts where resources, information, or responsibilities are shared among multiple people or entities. For example: We share the same goals「私たちは同じ目標を共有しています」(わたしたちはおなじもくひょうをきょうゆうしています). This house is under joint ownership「この家は共有されています」(このいえはきょうゆうされています). The term can also be used in technology, such as 'file sharing' (ファイル共有, ファイルきょうゆう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3242

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Newlywed

Reading

Kanji

新New 婚Marriage

Explanation

The Japanese noun '新婚 (しんこん)' refers to the state of being newly married, specifically describing a couple who have recently entered into marriage. It is often used to describe the period shortly after marriage, typically characterized by happiness and adjustment to married life. For example: They are newlyweds「彼らは新婚です」(かれらはしんこんです). The newlywed couple went on a honeymoon「新婚夫婦はハネムーンに行きました」(しんこんふうふはハネムーンにいきました). This term is commonly used in contexts related to marriage, relationships, and celebrations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3245

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Engagement

Reading

Kanji

婚Marriage 約Promise, Approximately

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '婚約 (こんやく)' refers to the state of being engaged to be married. It is used to describe the formal agreement or promise to marry someone. This term is often used in formal contexts, such as announcing an engagement or discussing marriage plans. For example: They announced their engagement「彼らは婚約を発表した」(かれらはこんやくをはっぴょうした). She broke off her engagement「彼女は婚約を解消した」(かのじょはこんやくをかいしょうした). The word can also be used in compound terms like '婚約指輪 (こんやくゆびわ)' (engagement ring).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3246

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mathematics

Reading

Kanji

数Number 学Learn

Explanation

The Japanese noun '数学 (すうがく)' means 'mathematics'. It refers to the academic discipline that involves the study of numbers, quantities, shapes, and patterns. This word is commonly used in educational contexts, such as in schools or universities, to refer to the subject of math. For example: I like mathematics「私は数学が好きです」(わたしはすうがくがすきです). Mathematics is difficult「数学は難しい」(すうがくはむずかしい). The word can also be used in broader contexts to discuss mathematical concepts or problems.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3249

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Product

Reading

Kanji

産Give birth

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '産 (さん)' is used to indicate the origin or place of production of something. It is often attached to the name of a place or country to specify where a product or item comes from. For example: Japanese-made「日本産」(にほんさん). This suffix is commonly used in contexts related to food, goods, or materials to highlight their origin. For instance: This is a product of France「これはフランス産です」(これはフランスさんです). It can also be used metaphorically to describe something as being 'produced' or 'originating' from a particular place or source.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3250

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rely

Reading

Kanji

頼Ask, Trust

Explanation

The Japanese verb '頼る (たよる)' means 'to rely on' or 'to depend on'. It is used when someone depends on another person, thing, or situation for support or help. This verb often implies a sense of trust or necessity in the reliance. For example: I rely on my friends「私は友達に頼る」(わたしはともだちにたよる). He depends on his parents for money「彼はお金を親に頼る」(かれはおかねをおやにたよる). The verb can also be used in a negative context, such as when someone relies too much on others. Note that '頼る' is often used with the particle 'に' to indicate the person or thing being relied upon.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3255

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Naturally

Reading

Kanji

自Self 然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '自然に (しぜんに)' means 'naturally'. It is used to describe actions or events that occur in a natural, spontaneous, or unforced manner. This adverb can be applied to a wide range of contexts, from physical actions to emotional responses. For example: she smiled naturally「彼女は自然に笑った」(かのじょはしぜんにわらった). The flowers bloomed naturally「花が自然に咲いた」(はながしぜんにさいた). It can also imply something happening without human intervention, as in 'the wound healed naturally「傷が自然に治った」(きずがしぜんになおった)'. The nuance of '自然に' often conveys a sense of ease or lack of artificiality.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3257

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Via

Reading

Kanji

経Manage, Elapse 由Reason

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '経由 (けいゆ)' means 'via' or 'by way of'. It is used to indicate the route or means through which something is done or achieved. This term is commonly used in contexts involving travel, communication, or processes. For example: I will go to Osaka via Kyoto「京都経由で大阪に行きます」(きょうとけいゆでおおさかにいきます). The package was sent via airmail「その小包は航空便経由で送られました」(そのこづつみはこうくうびんけいゆでおくられました). It can also be used metaphorically to describe indirect methods or channels.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3260

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Trust, Credit

Reading

Kanji

信Trust 用Use

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '信用 (しんよう)' primarily means 'trust' or 'credit'. It refers to the belief in the reliability, truth, or ability of someone or something. It is often used in contexts involving relationships, business, or financial transactions. For example: I trust him「彼を信用しています」(かれをしんようしています). The company has good credit「その会社は信用が良い」(そのかいしゃはしんようがよい). Note that '信用' can also imply credibility or reputation, as in '信用を得る (しんようをえる)' (to gain trust/credibility).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3264

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Extra, Unnecessary

Reading

Kanji

余Excess 計Measure, Plan

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '余計 (よけい)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'extra', referring to something additional or surplus. For example: I bought extra food「余計な食べ物を買った」(よけいなたべものをかった). The second meaning is 'unnecessary', referring to something that is not needed or excessive. For example: His comments were unnecessary「彼のコメントは余計だった」(かれのコメントはよけいだった). The word can also imply something is excessive or unwelcome, depending on the context. It is often used to describe actions, objects, or remarks that are either additional or superfluous.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3265

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Trust

Reading

Kanji

信Trust 頼Ask, Trust

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '信頼 (しんらい)' means 'trust'. It refers to a firm belief in the reliability, truth, or ability of someone or something. This word is often used in contexts involving relationships, teamwork, or reliability. For example: I trust my friend「私は友達を信頼している」(わたしはともだちをしんらいしている). Mutual trust is important in a team「チームでの相互信頼は大切です」(チームでのそうごしんらいはたいせつです). The word can also be used in formal or professional settings, such as '信頼関係 (しんらいかんけい)', which means 'relationship of trust'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3267

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lead

Reading

Kanji

主Master 役Duty

Explanation

The Japanese noun '主役 (しゅやく)' refers to the 'lead' or 'main role' in a performance, such as in a play, movie, or any event. It can also metaphorically describe someone who plays a central role in a situation. For example: She is the lead in the play「彼女はその劇の主役です」(かのじょはそのげきのしゅやくです). He always wants to be the main character「彼はいつも主役になりたがる」(かれはいつもしゅやくになりたがる). This term is often used in both literal and figurative contexts to denote prominence or centrality.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3274

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Direct

Reading

Kanji

直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '直 (ちょく)' means 'direct' and is often used to describe something that is straightforward, immediate, or without intermediaries. It can be used in various contexts, such as communication, travel, or actions. For example: direct communication「直のコミュニケーション」(ちょくのコミュニケーション). He took a direct flight「彼は直行便に乗った」(かれはちょっこうびんにのった). Note that '直' is often combined with other words to form compound terms, such as '直行 (ちょっこう)' (direct travel) or '直感 (ちょっかん)' (intuition).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3282

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Genuine

Reading

Kanji

本Book, Origin 格Status

Explanation

The Japanese noun '本格 (ほんかく)' refers to something that is genuine, authentic, or full-fledged. It is often used to describe things that are serious, thorough, or of high quality, such as a genuine method, a full-scale effort, or an authentic style. For example: This is a genuine Italian restaurant「これは本格的なイタリアンレストランです」(これはほんかくてきなイタリアンレストランです). The company is making a full-scale effort to improve its services「その会社はサービス改善に本格的に取り組んでいます」(そのかいしゃはサービスかいぜんにほんかくてきにとりくんでいます). The word can also imply a sense of seriousness or commitment, as in '本格的な調査 (ほんかくてきなちょうさ) (a thorough investigation)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3283

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mail, Flight

Reading

Kanji

便Convenience

Explanation

The Japanese noun '便 (びん)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning refers to a 'flight' or 'airplane service', often used in the context of scheduled transportation. For example: The next flight to Tokyo is at 3 PM「次の東京行きの便は午後3時です」(つぎのとうきょうゆきのびんはごごさんじです). The second meaning refers to 'mail' or 'postal service', particularly in the context of sending letters or packages. For example: I sent the package by airmail「その小包を航空便で送りました」(そのこづつみをこうくうびんでおくりました). It's important to note that the context in which '便' is used will determine whether it refers to a flight or mail.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3288

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chairperson

Reading

Kanji

議Deliberation 長Long, Leader

Explanation

The Japanese noun '議長 (ぎちょう)' refers to a 'chairperson' or 'presiding officer', typically in the context of a meeting, assembly, or committee. This person is responsible for leading discussions, maintaining order, and ensuring that procedures are followed. For example: The chairperson opened the meeting「議長が会議を開きました」(ぎちょうがかいぎをひらきました). The chairperson made an important decision「議長は重要な決定をしました」(ぎちょうはじゅうようなけっていをしました). The term is commonly used in formal settings, such as government, corporate, or organizational meetings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3290

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Heal

Reading

Kanji

治Cure, Reign

Explanation

The Japanese verb '治る (なおる)' means 'to heal' or 'to recover'. It is commonly used to describe the process of recovering from an illness, injury, or condition. This verb is often used in medical or health-related contexts. For example: my cold has healed「風邪が治った」(かぜがなおった). The wound will heal soon「傷はすぐに治るでしょう」(きずはすぐになおるでしょう). It can also be used metaphorically to describe the resolution of a problem or situation. For example: the situation has improved「状況が治った」(じょうきょうがなおった). Note that '治る' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3292

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Agenda

Reading

Kanji

議Deliberation 題Topic

Explanation

The Japanese noun '議題 (ぎだい)' refers to the topic or subject of discussion, particularly in formal meetings or assemblies. It is commonly used in contexts such as business meetings, conferences, or political discussions. For example: The agenda for today's meeting is set「今日の会議の議題は決まっている」(きょうのかいぎのぎだいはきまっている). Let's add this issue to the agenda「この問題を議題に加えましょう」(このもんだいをぎだにくわえましょう). The word emphasizes the formal nature of the topic being discussed.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3293

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discussion

Reading

Kanji

議Deliberation 論Theory, Argument

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '議論 (ぎろん)' means 'discussion' or 'debate'. It refers to the act of discussing or debating a topic, often involving an exchange of opinions or arguments. This word is commonly used in formal or serious contexts, such as academic, political, or professional settings. For example: We had a heated discussion about the policy「私たちはその政策について熱い議論をした」(わたしたちはそのせいさくについてあついぎろんをした). The debate on environmental issues continues「環境問題についての議論は続いている」(かんきょうもんだいについてのぎろんはつづいている). Note that '議論' often implies a structured or formal exchange of ideas, rather than casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3294

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discussion, Speech

Reading

Kanji

言Say 論Theory, Argument

Explanation

The Japanese noun '言論 (げんろん)' refers to 'speech' or 'discussion', particularly in the context of public expression or debate. It is often used in formal or political contexts to describe the act of expressing opinions or ideas openly. For example: Freedom of speech is important「言論の自由は大切だ」(げんろんのじゆうはたいせつだ). The discussion about the policy was heated「その政策についての言論は白熱した」(そのせいさくについてのげんろんははくねつした). This word is commonly associated with the concept of free speech and intellectual discourse.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3297

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Effort

Reading

Kanji

手Hand 数Number

Explanation

The Japanese noun '手数 (てすう)' refers to the amount of effort, steps, or procedures required to accomplish something. It often implies the complexity or the number of actions needed to achieve a task. For example: This recipe requires a lot of effort「このレシピは手数がかかる」(このレシピはてすうがかかる). Reducing the number of steps in the process「手数を減らす」(てすうをへらす). The word can also be used in contexts where someone goes out of their way to help, implying extra effort or trouble taken on their part.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3299

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Probe

Reading

Kanji

探Search

Explanation

The Japanese verb '探る (さぐる)' means 'to probe' or 'to investigate'. It is used to describe the act of searching or exploring something, often with a sense of careful examination or investigation. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as physically searching for something, investigating a situation, or exploring someone's feelings or intentions. For example: he probed the depths of the cave「彼は洞窟の奥を探った」(かれはどうくつのおくをさぐった). She tried to probe his true intentions「彼女は彼の本当の意図を探ろうとした」(かのじょはかれのほんとうのいとをさぐろうとした). The detective probed the mystery「探偵はその謎を探った」(たんていはそのなぞをさぐった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3300

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Violation

Reading

Kanji

違Differ, Different 反Anti

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '違反 (いはん)' means 'violation'. It refers to the act of breaking a rule, law, or agreement. This term is commonly used in legal, social, or formal contexts to describe actions that go against established regulations. For example: He committed a traffic violation「彼は交通違反をした」(かれはこうつういはんをした). Violation of the contract will result in penalties「契約違反は罰則を伴います」(けいやくいはんはばっそくをともないます). Note that '違反' is often used in compound words like '交通違反 (こうつういはん)' (traffic violation) or '契約違反 (けいやくいはん)' (breach of contract).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3301

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rare, Grateful

Reading

Kanji

有Exist 難Difficult

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '有り難い (ありがたい)' has two primary meanings. The first and most common meaning is 'grateful' or 'thankful', expressing deep appreciation for something received or experienced. For example: I am grateful for your help「あなたの助けは有り難い」(あなたのたすけはありがたい). The second meaning is 'rare' or 'precious', referring to something that is uncommon or hard to come by. For example: Such kindness is rare「そのような親切は有り難い」(そのようなしんせつはありがたい). The word originates from the idea that something is so rare or precious that it feels like a blessing, hence the dual meanings. It is often used in formal or heartfelt contexts to express gratitude or acknowledge the rarity of a situation.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3303

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Answer

Reading

Kanji

回Revolve, Times 答Answer

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '回答 (かいとう)' means 'answer' or 'response'. It is commonly used in formal or written contexts, such as answering a question, survey, or inquiry. This word is often paired with verbs like 'する' to form the phrase '回答する (かいとうする)', meaning 'to answer' or 'to respond'. For example: Please answer the question「質問に回答してください」(しつもんにかいとうしてください). The company provided an answer to the inquiry「会社はその問い合わせに回答しました」(かいしゃはそのといあわせにかいとうしました). Note that '回答' is more formal than casual alternatives like '答え (こたえ)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3310

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discrimination

Reading

Kanji

差Difference 別Separate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '差別 (さべつ)' means 'discrimination'. It refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people, especially on the grounds of race, age, sex, or disability. This term is often used in discussions about social issues, human rights, and equality. For example: Discrimination based on race is unacceptable「人種による差別は許されない」(じんしゅによるさべつはゆるされない). She has experienced gender discrimination at work「彼女は職場で性別による差別を経験した」(かのじょはしょくばでせいべつによるさべつをけいけんした). The word '差別' carries a strong negative connotation and is used to highlight unfair treatment or bias.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3316

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gender

Reading

Kanji

性Gender, Sex 別Separate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '性別 (せいべつ)' refers to 'gender', specifically the classification of individuals as male, female, or other. It is commonly used in contexts discussing identity, demographics, or social issues. For example: What is your gender?「あなたの性別は何ですか？」(あなたのせいべつはなんですか？). Gender equality is important「性別の平等は大切です」(せいべつのびょうどうはたいせつです). This term is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3317

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fill, Wax

Reading

Kanji

満Full

Explanation

The Japanese verb '満ちる (みちる)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to fill', which refers to something becoming full or reaching capacity. For example: The glass filled with water「コップが水で満ちた」(コップがみずでみちた). The second meaning is 'to wax', specifically referring to the moon becoming fuller in its lunar cycle. For example: The moon is waxing「月が満ちている」(つきがみちている). The verb is often used in poetic or descriptive contexts, and its usage can vary depending on whether it refers to physical fullness or the lunar cycle.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3320

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thrust, Poke

Reading

Kanji

突Stab, Dash

Explanation

The Japanese verb '突く (つく)' can mean 'poke' or 'thrust'. It is used to describe the action of pushing something sharply or quickly, often with a pointed object. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: he poked the balloon with a needle「彼は針で風船を突いた」(かれははりでふうせんをついた). The knight thrust his sword into the enemy「騎士は敵に剣を突いた」(きしはてきにけんをついた). Additionally, '突く' can also be used metaphorically, such as in the phrase 'to poke fun at someone'「人を突く」(ひとをつく).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3332

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Horizontal, Level

Reading

Kanji

水Water 平Flat

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '水平 (すいへい)' primarily means 'horizontal' or 'level'. It is used to describe something that is flat, even, or parallel to the horizon. This term is often used in contexts related to physical orientation, such as construction, design, or nature. For example: The table is perfectly level「テーブルは完全に水平です」(テーブルはかんぜんにすいへいです). The horizon looks so wide and horizontal「水平線がとても広く水平に見える」(すいへいせんがとてもひろくすいへいにみえる). Note that '水平' can also imply balance or equilibrium in certain contexts, such as in '水平な関係 (すいへいなかんけい) (a balanced relationship)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3334

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Benefit, Payment

Reading

Kanji

給Supply, Salary 付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese noun '給付 (きゅうふ)' refers to a benefit or payment provided, often in the context of social welfare, insurance, or compensation. It is commonly used in formal or official settings to describe financial support or services provided to individuals. For example: The company provides health insurance benefits「会社は健康保険の給付を提供します」(かいしゃはけんこうほけんのきゅうふをていきょうします). The government increased unemployment benefits「政府は失業給付を増やしました」(せいふはしつぎょうきゅうふをふやしました). Note that '給付' is often paired with specific types of benefits, such as '医療給付 (いりょうきゅうふ)' (medical benefits) or '失業給付 (しつぎょうきゅうふ)' (unemployment benefits).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3335

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Style, Format

Reading

Kanji

様Way, Form 式Style, Ceremony

Explanation

The Japanese noun '様式 (ようしき)' can mean 'style' or 'format', depending on the context. When referring to 'style', it often describes a particular manner, method, or artistic approach. For example: This painting has a unique style「この絵は独特の様式を持っている」(このえはどくとくのようしきをもっている). When referring to 'format', it is used to describe the structure or arrangement of something, such as documents or systems. For example: Please follow the specified format「指定された様式に従ってください」(していされたようしきにしたがってください). The word is versatile and can be applied to various contexts, including art, design, and administrative procedures.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3338

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Superior

Reading

Kanji

上Up 等Equal

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '上等 (じょうとう)' means 'superior' or 'first-class'. It is used to describe something of high quality, excellence, or top-grade. This term can be applied to objects, services, or even situations. For example: This is a superior product「これは上等な製品です」(これはじょうとうなせいひんです). He received a first-class education「彼は上等な教育を受けた」(かれはじょうとうなきょういくをうけた). Additionally, '上等' can sometimes carry a slightly sarcastic or confrontational tone in casual speech, implying readiness to face a challenge, as in 'Bring it on! (上等だ！) (じょうとうだ！)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3340

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Not yet, Still

Reading

Kanji

未Not yet

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '未だ未だ (まだまだ)' can mean 'still' or 'not yet' depending on the context. It is often used to indicate that something is ongoing or incomplete. For example: I still have a lot to learn「私は未だ未だ学ぶことがたくさんある」(わたしはまだまだまなぶことがたくさんある). The project is not yet finished「そのプロジェクトは未だ未だ終わっていない」(そのプロジェクトはまだまだおわっていない). This adverb can also be used to express humility or modesty, as in 'I am still far from perfect'「私は未だ未だ完璧ではない」(わたしはまだまだかんぺきではない).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3342

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Scientist

Reading

Kanji

科Section, Department 学Learn 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '科学者 (かがくしゃ)' means 'scientist'. It refers to a person who is engaged in and has expert knowledge of a science, such as physics, chemistry, biology, or any other field of scientific study. This term is commonly used in academic, professional, and everyday contexts. For example: He is a famous scientist「彼は有名な科学者です」(かれはゆうめいなかがくしゃです). Many scientists are researching climate change「多くの科学者が気候変動を研究しています」(おおくのかがくしゃがきこうへんどうをけんきゅうしています). The word is neutral and can refer to scientists of any gender or specialization.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3345

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Atom

Reading

Kanji

原Meadow, Original 子Child

Explanation

The Japanese noun '原子 (げんし)' refers to an 'atom', the basic unit of matter in chemistry and physics. This term is used in scientific contexts to describe the smallest unit of a chemical element that retains its properties. For example: Atoms are the building blocks of matter「原子は物質の基本単位です」(げんしはぶっしつのきほんたんいです). The nucleus is at the center of the atom「原子核は原子の中心にあります」(げんしかくはげんしのちゅうしんにあります). The word is commonly used in fields like physics, chemistry, and engineering.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3346

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Department, Subject

Reading

Kanji

学Learn 科Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '学科 (がっか)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'subject', referring to a specific field of study or academic discipline, such as mathematics or history. The second meaning is 'department', referring to an academic division within a school or university, such as the Department of Engineering. For example: My favorite subject is science「私の好きな学科は科学です」(わたしのすきながっかはかがくです). She works in the English department「彼女は英語学科で働いています」(かのじょはえいごがっかではたらいています). The word is commonly used in educational contexts to describe both the field of study and the organizational unit within an institution.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3348

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dentistry

Reading

Kanji

歯Tooth 科Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '歯科 (しか)' refers to the field of dentistry. It is commonly used in contexts related to dental care, dental clinics, or dental professionals. For example: I went to the dentistry「歯科に行きました」(しかにいきました). She works in dentistry「彼女は歯科で働いています」(かのじょはしかではたらいています). The term is often seen in compound words like '歯科医 (しかい)' (dentist) or '歯科医院 (しかいいん)' (dental clinic).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3350

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Line

Reading

Kanji

列File

Explanation

The Japanese noun '列 (れつ)' primarily means 'line' or 'queue'. It refers to a sequence of people, objects, or things arranged in a straight or orderly manner. This word is commonly used in contexts such as waiting in line, forming a queue, or describing a row of items. For example: Please stand in line「列に並んでください」(れつにならんでください). There is a long line at the store「お店に長い列があります」(おみせにながいれつがあります). Additionally, '列' can also refer to a column or row in a table or chart, as in 'the first column of the table'「表の最初の列」(ひょうのさいしょのれつ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3354

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Natural science

Reading

Kanji

自Self 然Sort of thing, In that case 科Section, Department 学Learn

Explanation

TheJapanese noun'自然科学(しぜんかがく)'means'naturalscience'.Thistermreferstothebranchofsciencethatdealswiththephysicalworld,includingphysics,chemistry,biology,andearthsciences.Itisusedtodescribethestudyofnaturalphenomenaandthelawsthatgovernthem.Forexample:Heisstudyingnaturalscienceatuniversity「彼は大学で自然科学を勉強しています」(かれはだいがくでしぜんかがくをべんきょうしています).Naturalsciencehelpsusunderstandtheenvironment「自然科学は環境を理解するのに役立ちます」(しぜんかがくはかんきょうをりかいするのにやくだちます).Thiswordisoftenusedinacademicorformalsettings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3356

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Humanities

Reading

Kanji

人Person 文Sentence 科Section, Department 学Learn

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人文科学 (じんぶんかがく)' refers to the academic discipline of the humanities, which includes the study of human culture, history, literature, philosophy, and art. It is often contrasted with the natural sciences (自然科学, しぜんかがく). For example: I study humanities at university「私は大学で人文科学を勉強しています」(わたしはだいがくでじんぶんかがくをべんきょうしています). The humanities are important for understanding human culture「人文科学は人間の文化を理解するために重要です」(じんぶんかがくはにんげんのぶんかをりかいするためにじゅうようです). This term is commonly used in academic and educational contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3357

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Social science

Reading

Kanji

社Company 会Meet 科Section, Department 学Learn

Explanation

The Japanese noun '社会科学 (しゃかいかがく)' refers to 'social science', which is the academic study of human society and social relationships. This term encompasses disciplines such as sociology, political science, economics, anthropology, and psychology. It is used in academic, professional, and everyday contexts to discuss the systematic study of human behavior and societal structures. For example: Social science is important for understanding society「社会科学は社会を理解するために重要です」(しゃかいかがくはしゃかいをりかいするためにじゅうようです). She is studying social science at university「彼女は大学で社会科学を勉強しています」(かのじょはだいがくでしゃかいかがくをべんきょうしています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3358

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Death

Reading

Kanji

死Death 亡Death, Deceased

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '死亡 (しぼう)' means 'death'. It is used to refer to the act or state of dying, often in formal or official contexts such as medical, legal, or statistical reports. For example: The cause of death was a heart attack「死亡の原因は心臓発作でした」(しぼうのげんいんはしんぞうほっさでした). The number of deaths increased last year「死亡者数は去年増加しました」(しぼうしゃすうはきょねんぞうかしました). This term is neutral in tone and is commonly used in serious or factual contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3366

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Liquor store

Reading

Kanji

酒Alcohol, Sake 屋Shop, Roof

Explanation

The Japanese noun '酒屋 (さかや)' refers to a store that sells alcoholic beverages, particularly sake, but also other types of alcohol like beer, wine, and spirits. It is a common type of shop in Japan, often found in residential neighborhoods. For example: I bought sake at the liquor store「酒屋で日本酒を買いました」(さかやでにほんしゅをかいました). The liquor store is closed today「酒屋は今日休みです」(さかやはきょうやすみです). This word is specific to the retail establishment and does not refer to bars or drinking establishments.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3374

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Steep

Reading

Kanji

険Dangerous, Steep

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '険しい (けわしい)' primarily means 'steep'. It is used to describe terrain or paths that are difficult to climb or traverse due to their steepness. For example: The mountain path is steep「山道は険しい」(やまみちはけわしい). Additionally, '険しい' can also describe a person's expression or situation as harsh or severe, though this usage is less common. For example: His expression was stern「彼の表情は険しかった」(かれのひょうじょうはけわしかった). The word is often used in contexts involving physical landscapes but can extend metaphorically to describe challenging situations or stern facial expressions.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3377

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Limit

Reading

Kanji

限Limit

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '限 (げん)' means 'limit' or 'boundary'. It is often used to indicate a restriction, boundary, or extent of something. This suffix is commonly attached to nouns to form compound words that express a specific limit or scope. For example: time limit「時間限」(じかんげん). Capacity limit「定員限」(ていいんげん). It can also be used in phrases like '期限 (きげん)', which means 'deadline' or 'time limit'. Note that '限' is rarely used as a standalone word and is typically part of compound words or phrases.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3380

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Survival

Reading

Kanji

生Life 存Exist, Suppose

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '生存 (せいぞん)' means 'survival'. It refers to the state of continuing to live or exist, especially in difficult conditions. This word is often used in contexts related to biology, ecology, or existential discussions. For example: survival of the fittest「適者生存」(てきしゃせいぞん). The survival rate of the species is low「その種の生存率は低い」(そのしゅのせいぞんりつはひくい). It can also be used metaphorically, such as in discussions about businesses or ideas surviving in a competitive environment.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3383

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Knowledge

Reading

Kanji

存Exist, Suppose

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ご存じ (ごぞんじ)' is a polite form of '知っている (しっている)', meaning 'knowledge' or 'awareness'. It is often used in formal or respectful contexts to refer to someone's knowledge or awareness of something. For example: Do you know Mr. Tanaka?「田中さんをご存じですか？」(たなかさんをごぞんじですか？). I am aware of that matter「その件はご存じです」(そのけんはごぞんじです). This term is commonly used in business or formal conversations to show respect to the listener or the person being discussed.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3384

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Agreement

Reading

Kanji

合Fit, Match 意Idea

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '合意 (ごうい)' means 'agreement' or 'mutual consent'. It refers to a situation where two or more parties reach a shared understanding or decision. This term is often used in formal or legal contexts, such as contracts, negotiations, or discussions. For example: We reached an agreement「私たちは合意に達しました」(わたしたちはごういにたっしました). The agreement was signed by both parties「その合意は両者によって署名されました」(そのごういはりょうしゃによってしょめいされました). Note that '合意' emphasizes mutual understanding and consensus, rather than just a simple decision.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3385

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Authority

Reading

Kanji

権Rights, Authority 限Limit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '権限 (けんげん)' refers to 'authority' or 'power' granted to someone to perform specific actions or make decisions. It is often used in formal or professional contexts, such as in organizations, governments, or legal settings. For example: He has the authority to make decisions「彼は決定する権限を持っている」(かれはけっていするけんげんをもっている). The manager's authority was limited「マネージャーの権限は限られていた」(マネージャーのけんげんはかぎられていた). This word emphasizes the official or legal capacity to act, rather than personal influence or power.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3390

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Determination

Reading

Kanji

決Decide 意Idea

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '決意 (けつい)' refers to a strong sense of determination or resolve to achieve something. It is often used in contexts where someone has made a firm decision or commitment to pursue a goal or overcome a challenge. For example: His determination to succeed is unwavering「彼の成功への決意は揺るがない」(かれのせいこうへのけついはゆるがない). She made a firm decision to change her life「彼女は人生を変える決意をした」(かのじょはじんせいをかえるけついをした). This word is commonly used in both personal and professional contexts to express a strong will or commitment.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3391

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mix

Reading

Kanji

交Mix

Explanation

The Japanese verb '交ぜる (まぜる)' means 'to mix'. It is used to describe the action of combining different substances, elements, or items together. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: mix the ingredients「材料を交ぜる」(ざいりょうをまぜる). He mixed truth with lies「彼は真実と嘘を交ぜた」(かれはしんじつとうそをまぜた). The verb can also imply blending or intermingling, such as mixing people in a group「グループに人を交ぜる」(グループにひとをまぜる). Note that '交ぜる' is often used interchangeably with '混ぜる (まぜる)', though '混ぜる' is more commonly used in everyday speech.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3395

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Jump out

Reading

Kanji

飛Fly 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '飛び出す (とびだす)' means 'to jump out' or 'to leap out'. It is used to describe the action of suddenly moving out from a place, often with a sense of urgency or surprise. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: The cat jumped out of the box「猫が箱から飛び出した」(ねこがはこからとびだした). He suddenly jumped out of the car「彼は急に車から飛び出した」(かれはきゅうにくるまからとびだした). In a figurative sense, it can also mean to suddenly appear or emerge, as in 'The idea jumped out at me during the meeting'「会議中にそのアイデアが飛び出した」(かいぎちゅうにそのアイデアがとびだした).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3398

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Establishment

Reading

Kanji

確Certain 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '確立 (かくりつ)' means 'establishment'. It refers to the act of setting up or creating something firmly and securely, such as a system, theory, or organization. This word is often used in formal or professional contexts. For example: the establishment of a new policy「新しい方針の確立」(あたらしいほうしんのかくりつ). The theory was firmly established「その理論は確立された」(そのりろんはかくりつされた). Note that '確立' emphasizes the process of achieving stability or certainty in the creation of something.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3400

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Confirmation, Finalization

Reading

Kanji

確Certain 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '確定 (かくてい)' refers to the act of confirming or finalizing something. It is often used in contexts where decisions, plans, or details are settled and made official. For example: The schedule has been confirmed「スケジュールが確定しました」(スケジュールがかくていしました). The results have been finalized「結果が確定した」(けっかがかくていした). This term is commonly used in business, legal, and administrative settings to indicate that something is no longer subject to change.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3402

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Certain

Reading

Kanji

確Certain 実Fruit, Truth

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '確実 (かくじつ)' means 'certain' or 'reliable'. It is used to describe something that is definite, assured, or guaranteed to happen or be true. This word often conveys a sense of confidence or trustworthiness. For example: This method is certain to work「この方法は確実にうまくいく」(このほうほうはかくじつにうまくいく). He is a reliable person「彼は確実な人だ」(かれはかくじつなひとだ). The word can also be used in contexts where something is guaranteed, such as '確実な結果 (かくじつなけっか) (certain result)'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3404

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Conviction

Reading

Kanji

確Certain 信Trust

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '確信 (かくしん)' means 'conviction' or 'firm belief'. It is used to express a strong sense of certainty or confidence in something. This word is often used in contexts where someone is sure about a fact, decision, or outcome. For example: I have a conviction that he will succeed「彼が成功すると確信している」(かれがせいこうするとかくしんしている). She spoke with conviction「彼女は確信を持って話した」(かのじょはかくしんをもってはなした). The word can also be used in negative forms, such as '確信がない (かくしんがない)' (lack of conviction).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3405

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chief

Reading

Kanji

長Long, Leader 官Government, Bureaucrat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '長官 (ちょうかん)' refers to a high-ranking official or chief, typically in a government or organizational context. It is often used to denote someone in a leadership or administrative position, such as the head of a ministry or department. For example: The chief of the police department「警察庁の長官」(けいさつちょうのちょうかん). The minister is the chief of the ministry「大臣は省の長官です」(だいじんはしょうのちょうかんです). This term carries a formal tone and is commonly used in official or bureaucratic settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3412

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Government, Office

Reading

Kanji

役Duty 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '役所 (やくしょ)' refers to a government office or administrative building where official business is conducted. It is commonly used to describe local government offices, such as city halls or municipal offices, where services like issuing documents, handling taxes, or providing public information are carried out. For example: I went to the city office to submit documents「役所に書類を提出しに行きました」(やくしょにしょるいをていしゅつにいきました). The government office is closed on weekends「役所は週末に閉まっています」(やくしょはしゅうまつにしまっています). Note that while '役所' often refers to local government offices, it can also broadly refer to any government administrative body.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3413

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Settle, Obtain

Reading

Kanji

収Obtain

Explanation

The Japanese verb '収める (おさめる)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to obtain' or 'to receive,' often used in contexts where something is acquired or gained, such as profits, results, or achievements. For example: He obtained great results「彼は素晴らしい結果を収めた」(かれはすばらしいけっかをおさめた). The second meaning is 'to settle' or 'to put something in its proper place,' often used in contexts where something is stored, resolved, or concluded. For example: She settled the matter peacefully「彼女はその問題を平和的に収めた」(かのじょはそのもんだいをへいわてきにおさめた). The verb is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3428

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Asset

Reading

Kanji

財Wealth

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '財 (ざい)' means 'asset' or 'wealth'. It is commonly used in compound words to refer to financial or material resources. For example: national wealth「国財」(こくざい). This suffix is often found in formal or economic contexts. Another example: financial assets「金融財」(きんゆうざい). It is important to note that '財' is rarely used alone and is typically part of a larger word.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3433

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rainwear

Reading

Kanji

雨Rain 具Tool

Explanation

The Japanese noun '雨具 (あまぐ)' refers to 'rainwear' or items used to protect oneself from rain. This includes items like raincoats, umbrellas, and waterproof boots. It is a compound word combining '雨 (あめ)' meaning 'rain' and '具 (ぐ)' meaning 'equipment' or 'gear'. Example sentences: Don't forget your rainwear「雨具を忘れないで」(あまぐをわすれないで). I bought new rainwear for the rainy season「梅雨に備えて新しい雨具を買った」(つゆにそなえてあたらしいあまぐをかった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3435

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Motive

Reading

Kanji

動Move 機Machine, Opportunity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '動機 (どうき)' refers to a 'motive' or 'reason' behind an action or decision. It is often used in contexts involving personal intentions, such as in criminal investigations, personal goals, or artistic inspiration. For example: His motive for the crime was unclear「彼の犯罪の動機は不明だった」(かれのはんざいのどうきはふめいだった). The motive behind her decision was her family「彼女の決断の動機は家族だった」(かのじょのけつだんのどうきはかぞくだった). This word is commonly used in both formal and informal settings to discuss the underlying reasons for actions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3438

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Explanation

Reading

Kanji

解Solve, Untie 説Theory, Explanation

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '解説 (かいせつ)' means 'explanation' or 'commentary'. It is used to describe a detailed explanation or analysis of a topic, often provided by an expert or someone knowledgeable. This term is commonly used in contexts such as news programs, sports broadcasts, or academic lectures, where a commentator or expert provides insights or explanations. For example: The professor gave a detailed explanation of the theory「教授はその理論の解説をした」(きょうじゅはそのりろんのかいせつをした). The sports commentator provided a play-by-play commentary「スポーツ解説者が実況解説をした」(スポーツかいせつしゃがじっきょうかいせつをした).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3448

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Editorial

Reading

Kanji

社Company 説Theory, Explanation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '社説 (しゃせつ)' refers to an 'editorial', which is an article in a newspaper or magazine that expresses the opinions of the editors or the publication itself. It is typically written to provide commentary on current events, social issues, or political matters. For example: The newspaper published an editorial about climate change「新聞は気候変動についての社説を掲載した」(しんぶんはきこうへんどうについてのしゃせつをけいさいした). I read the editorial in today's paper「今日の新聞の社説を読んだ」(きょうのしんぶんのしゃせつをよんだ). The word is commonly used in media and journalism contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3449

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Theory

Reading

Kanji

学Learn 説Theory, Explanation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '学説 (がくせつ)' refers to a 'theory' or 'academic doctrine'. It is commonly used in academic or scholarly contexts to describe a systematic set of ideas or principles that explain a particular subject. For example: His theory is widely accepted「彼の学説は広く受け入れられている」(かれのがくせつはひろくうけいれられている). This theory is based on scientific evidence「この学説は科学的な証拠に基づいている」(このがくせつはかがくてきなしょうこにもとづいている). The word is often used in discussions about science, philosophy, or other academic fields.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3452

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Official

Reading

Kanji

公Public 式Style, Ceremony

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '公式 (こうしき)' means 'official'. It is used to describe something that is formally recognized, authorized, or endorsed by an organization, institution, or authority. This term is often used in contexts such as official statements, announcements, or events. For example: This is the official announcement「これは公式の発表です」(これはこうしきのはっぴょうです). The official website is easy to use「公式ウェブサイトは使いやすい」(こうしきウェブサイトはつかいやすい). It can also refer to mathematical formulas, but in everyday usage, it predominantly refers to official matters.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3453

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fair

Reading

Kanji

公Public 平Flat

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '公平 (こうへい)' means 'fair' or 'impartial'. It is used to describe situations, decisions, or actions that are just, unbiased, and equitable. This term is often used in contexts involving judgment, treatment, or distribution of resources. For example: The teacher was fair to all students「先生は全ての生徒に公平だった」(せんせいはすべてのせいとにこうへいだった). A fair distribution of resources is important「資源の公平な分配が重要だ」(しげんのこうへいなぶんぱいがじゅうようだ). The word can also be used to describe a person's character, as in '彼は公平な人だ (かれはこうへいなひとだ) (He is a fair person).'

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3455

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Formal

Reading

Kanji

正Correct 式Style, Ceremony

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '正式 (せいしき)' means 'formal'. It is used to describe something that is official, proper, or done according to established rules or standards. This term is often used in contexts such as ceremonies, documents, or procedures. For example: This is the formal procedure「これは正式な手続きです」(これはせいしきなてつづきです). He wore a formal suit to the meeting「彼は会議に正式なスーツを着た」(かれはかいぎにせいしきなスーツをきた). Note that '正式' can also imply legitimacy or authenticity in certain contexts, such as '正式な文書 (せいしきなぶんしょ)' meaning 'official document'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3456

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Academy

Reading

Kanji

学Learn 園Garden

Explanation

The Japanese noun '学園 (がくえん)' refers to an educational institution, often implying a private school or academy. It is commonly used in the names of schools, particularly those that offer a comprehensive education from elementary to high school levels. The term carries a somewhat prestigious connotation, suggesting a well-established and respected institution. For example: I attend a prestigious academy「私は有名な学園に通っています」(わたしはゆうめいながくえんにかよっています). The academy is located in the suburbs「その学園は郊外にあります」(そのがくえんはこうがいにあります).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3458

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Internationalization

Reading

Kanji

国Country 際Occasion 化Change

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '国際化 (こくさいか)' refers to the process of making something international in scope or application. It is often used in contexts such as business, education, and technology to describe the adaptation of products, services, or systems to operate across different countries and cultures. For example: The company is focusing on internationalization「その会社は国際化に力を入れている」(そのかいしゃはこくさいかにちからをいれている). The university promotes internationalization「その大学は国際化を推進している」(そのだいがくはこくさいかをすいしんしている). This term is commonly used in discussions about globalization and cross-cultural exchange.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3462

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Craftsman

Reading

Kanji

職Employment 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '職人 (しょくにん)' refers to a skilled craftsman or artisan who specializes in a particular trade or craft. This term is often used to describe individuals who have honed their skills through years of practice and dedication, such as carpenters, potters, or blacksmiths. The word carries a connotation of high skill, precision, and tradition. For example: The craftsman made a beautiful vase「職人が美しい花瓶を作りました」(しょくにんがうつくしいかびんをつくりました). He is a master craftsman「彼は職人の達人です」(かれはしょくにんのたつじんです). The term is deeply respected in Japanese culture, often associated with the concept of 'monozukuri' (物作り), which emphasizes the spirit of craftsmanship and the pursuit of perfection.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3463

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dating

Reading

Kanji

交Mix 際Occasion

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '交際 (こうさい)' primarily refers to the act of dating or being in a romantic relationship. It can also imply social interaction or association in a broader sense, but it is most commonly used to describe romantic relationships. For example: They are dating「彼らは交際している」(かれらはこうさいしている). I heard they started dating last month「先月から交際を始めたと聞いた」(せんげつからこうさいをはじめたときいた). The term is often used in formal contexts to describe the status of a relationship, such as in news reports or official statements.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3464

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Promptly

Reading

Kanji

早Early, Fast 速Quick

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '早速 (さっそく)' means 'promptly' or 'without delay'. It is used to indicate that something is done immediately or right after a suggestion, request, or opportunity arises. This word conveys a sense of eagerness or readiness to act. For example: I promptly tried the new recipe「早速新しいレシピを試しました」(さっそくあたらしいレシピをためしました). He promptly started working on the project「彼は早速プロジェクトに取り掛かりました」(かれはさっそくぷろじぇくとにとりかかりました). The adverb is often used in both casual and formal contexts to express quick action or response.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3466

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Loud voice

Reading

Kanji

大Big 声Voice

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大声 (おおごえ)' means 'loud voice'. It refers to a voice that is raised or projected at a high volume, often used to get attention or express strong emotions. This word is commonly used in situations where someone is shouting or speaking loudly. For example: he shouted in a loud voice「彼は大声で叫んだ」(かれはおおごえでさけんだ). Please don't speak in a loud voice here「ここでは大声で話さないでください」(ここではおおごえではなさないでください). The word can also imply a sense of urgency or intensity, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3467

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Growth

Reading

Kanji

成Become 長Long, Leader

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '成長 (せいちょう)' means 'growth'. It refers to the process of developing or maturing physically, mentally, or in terms of skills and abilities. It is commonly used in contexts related to personal development, business, or natural processes. For example: The child's growth is remarkable「子供の成長は目覚ましい」(こどものせいちょうはめざましい). The company has seen significant growth「会社は大きな成長を遂げた」(かいしゃはおおきなせいちょうをとげた). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe emotional or intellectual progress.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3475

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Establishment

Reading

Kanji

成Become 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '成立 (せいりつ)' refers to the establishment, formation, or coming into existence of something, such as a system, agreement, or condition. It is often used in formal or technical contexts to describe the process of something being successfully created or realized. For example: The agreement was successfully established「その合意が成立した」(そのごういがせいりつした). The conditions for the plan's establishment were met「計画の成立条件が整った」(けいかくのせいりつじょうけんがととのった). This term is commonly used in legal, political, or organizational contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3476

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Formation

Reading

Kanji

形Shape 成Become

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '形成 (けいせい)' refers to the act of forming, shaping, or creating something. It is often used in contexts related to the development or establishment of structures, systems, or ideas. For example: the formation of a new government「新しい政府の形成」(あたらしいせいふのけいせい). The shaping of public opinion「世論の形成」(よろんのけいせい). This term is commonly used in both abstract and concrete contexts, such as in discussions about social, cultural, or physical formations.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3477

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beforehand

Reading

Kanji

予Beforehand

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '予め (あらかじめ)' means 'beforehand' or 'in advance'. It is used to indicate that something is done or prepared prior to a certain event or situation. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to emphasize preparation or prior knowledge. For example: Please prepare the documents beforehand「書類を予め準備しておいてください」(しょるいをあらかじめじゅんびしておいてください). We had already discussed it beforehand「私たちは予めそれを話し合っていました」(わたしたちはあらかじめそれをはなしあっていました). The nuance of '予め' often implies a sense of readiness or foresight, making it a useful word in planning or organizational contexts.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3478

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Release

Reading

Kanji

放Release

Explanation

The Japanese verb '放つ (はなつ)' primarily means 'to release' or 'to let go'. It is often used in contexts where something is being set free or sent out, such as releasing an animal, firing a weapon, or emitting a sound or light. For example: He released the bird「彼は鳥を放った」(かれはとりをはなった). The soldier fired an arrow「兵士は矢を放った」(へいしはやをはなった). Additionally, '放つ' can be used metaphorically, such as emitting a strong impression or aura, as in: Her presence emits a strong aura「彼女の存在は強いオーラを放っている」(かのじょのそんざいはつよいオーラをはなっている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3481

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Agreement

Reading

Kanji

賛Praise, Agree 成Become

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '賛成 (さんせい)' means 'agreement' or 'approval'. It is used to express consent or support for an idea, proposal, or opinion. This word is commonly used in formal and informal contexts, such as meetings, discussions, or everyday conversations. For example: I agree with your opinion「あなたの意見に賛成です」(あなたのいけんにさんせいです). The committee approved the proposal「委員会はその提案に賛成した」(いいんかいはそのていあんにさんせいした). Note that '賛成' is often paired with the particle 'に' to indicate what is being agreed upon, as in '提案に賛成する (ていあんにさんせいする) (to agree with the proposal)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3484

Composition

kanji

Handwriting