Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Kanji JLPT Level

word

Meaning

Address

Reading

Kanji

宛Address 先Before, Previous

Explanation

The Japanese noun '宛先 (あてさき)' refers to the 'address' of a person or place to which something is sent, such as a letter, package, or email. It is commonly used in contexts involving mailing or communication. For example: Please write the address here「ここに宛先を書いてください」(ここにあてさきをかいてください). I forgot to include the address「宛先を書き忘れました」(あてさきをかきわすれました). This word is essential in situations where specifying a destination is required.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3981

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Addressee

Reading

Kanji

宛Address 名Name

Explanation

The Japanese noun '宛名 (あてな)' refers to the name of the person or entity to whom something is addressed, such as a letter, package, or email. It is commonly used in formal and informal contexts when specifying the recipient of correspondence. For example: Please write the addressee here「ここに宛名を書いてください」(ここにあてなをかいてください). The addressee is incorrect「宛名が間違っています」(あてながまちがっています). This word is essential in contexts involving mail, deliveries, or any form of directed communication.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3982

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Proactive

Reading

Kanji

積Accumulate 極Extreme, Pole 的Target

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '積極的 (せっきょくてき)' means 'proactive'. It describes someone who takes initiative or acts with enthusiasm and assertiveness. This word is often used in contexts involving work, studies, or personal development to describe a positive and forward-thinking attitude. For example: He is proactive in his work「彼は仕事で積極的です」(かれはしごとでせっきょくてきです). She joined the project with a proactive attitude「彼女は積極的な態度でプロジェクトに参加しました」(かのじょはせっきょくてきなたいどでぷろじぇくとにさんかしました). The word can also imply a willingness to take risks or embrace challenges.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4027

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Addressed

Reading

Kanji

宛Address

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '宛て (あて)' is used to indicate that something is addressed or directed to someone or something. It is commonly attached to names, titles, or pronouns to specify the recipient. For example: a letter addressed to Tanaka「田中さん宛ての手紙」(たなかさんあてのてがみ). This suffix is often used in formal or written contexts, such as letters, emails, or packages. It can also imply a sense of direction or purpose, as in 'this gift is for you'「このプレゼントはあなた宛てです」(このプレゼントはあなたあてです). Note that '宛て' is typically written in hiragana in modern usage, though it can occasionally appear in kanji as '宛'.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4055

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Riddle, Mystery

Reading

Kanji

謎Riddle

Explanation

The Japanese noun '謎 (なぞ)' can mean either 'riddle' or 'mystery', depending on the context. When used to mean 'riddle', it refers to a question or statement intentionally phrased to require ingenuity in finding its answer or meaning. For example: solving a riddle「謎を解く」(なぞをとく). When used to mean 'mystery', it refers to something that is difficult or impossible to understand or explain. For example: the mystery of the universe「宇宙の謎」(うちゅうのなぞ). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something puzzling or enigmatic in everyday situations. For example: her behavior is a mystery「彼女の行動は謎だ」(かのじょのこうどうはなぞだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4078

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Essential

Reading

Kanji

不Not 可Possible 欠Lack

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不可欠 (ふかけつ)' means 'essential' or 'indispensable'. It is used to describe something that is absolutely necessary or cannot be done without. This term is often used in formal or academic contexts to emphasize the importance of a particular element. For example: Sleep is essential for health「睡眠は健康に不可欠です」(すいみんはけんこうにふかけつです). Teamwork is indispensable for success「チームワークは成功に不可欠だ」(チームワークはせいこうにふかけつだ). Note that '不可欠' is often followed by particles like 'に' or 'な' to modify nouns, as in '不可欠な要素 (ふかけつなようそ) (essential element)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4163

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Molecule

Reading

Kanji

分Minute, Part 子Child

Explanation

The Japanese noun '分子 (ぶんし)' primarily means 'molecule', referring to the smallest unit of a chemical compound that retains its chemical properties. It is commonly used in scientific contexts, particularly in chemistry and physics. For example: Water is made up of molecules「水は分子でできている」(みずはぶんしでできている). This term can also be used metaphorically to describe a fundamental part or element of something, though this usage is less common. For instance: He is a key molecule in the organization「彼は組織の重要な分子だ」(かれはそしきのじゅうようなぶんしだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4179

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Passive, Defenselessness

Reading

Kanji

受Accept 身Body, Self

Explanation

The Japanese noun '受け身 (うけみ)' primarily means 'passive', referring to a state of being acted upon rather than acting. It is often used in contexts such as grammar (passive voice) or martial arts (a defensive stance). Additionally, it can imply a sense of defenselessness or vulnerability. Example sentences: He always takes a passive stance in arguments「彼はいつも議論で受け身だ」(かれはいつもぎろんでうけみだ). In judo, mastering the passive stance is crucial「柔道では受け身をマスターすることが重要だ」(じゅうどうではうけみをますたーすることがじゅうようだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4195

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Adorable

Reading

Kanji

可Possible 愛Love

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '可愛らしい (かわいらしい)' means 'adorable' or 'charming'. It is used to describe something or someone that evokes a sense of endearment or cuteness. This word often carries a nuance of being naturally or innocently cute, rather than intentionally so. For example: That puppy is adorable「あの子犬は可愛らしい」(あのこいぬはかわいらしい). Her smile is charming「彼女の笑顔は可愛らしい」(かのじょのえがおはかわいらしい). The adjective can also be used to describe small, delicate, or aesthetically pleasing things, such as '可愛らしい花 (かわいらしいはな) (adorable flower)'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4210

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dote

Reading

Kanji

可Possible 愛Love

Explanation

The Japanese verb '可愛がる (かわいがる)' means 'to dote on' or 'to treat with affection'. It is used to describe the act of showing love, care, or fondness towards someone or something, often in a nurturing or protective way. This verb is commonly used when referring to how someone treats a child, a pet, or even a close friend. For example: She dotes on her cat「彼女は猫を可愛がる」(かのじょはねこをかわいがる). The teacher dotes on her students「先生は生徒たちを可愛がる」(せんせいはせいとたちをかわいがる). The nuance of this verb often implies a sense of indulgence or pampering, and it is typically used in positive contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4215

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Close

Reading

Kanji

身Body, Self 近Near

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '身近 (みぢか)' means 'close' in the sense of being near or familiar. It is used to describe something that is physically close, emotionally close, or easily accessible. For example: The park is close to my house「その公園は私の家に身近です」(そのこうえんはわたしのいえにみぢかです). This topic is close to my heart「この話題は私にとって身近です」(このわだいはわたしにとってみぢかです). It can also describe something that is part of one's daily life or experience, such as '身近な問題 (みぢかなもんだい) (a familiar problem)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4243

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relative

Reading

Kanji

親Parent 戚Grieve, Relatives

Explanation

The Japanese noun '親戚 (しんせき)' refers to a 'relative' or 'family member'. It is used to describe someone who is related by blood or marriage, such as aunts, uncles, cousins, or in-laws. This term is broader than '家族 (かぞく)', which specifically refers to immediate family members like parents, siblings, or children. For example: I visited my relatives「親戚を訪ねた」(しんせきをたずねた). She has many relatives「彼女は親戚が多い」(かのじょはしんせきがおおい). The word can also be used in formal or casual contexts, depending on the situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4397

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Permission

Reading

Kanji

許Permit, Allow 可Possible

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '許可 (きょか)' means 'permission'. It refers to the act of allowing someone to do something or granting approval for an action. This word is commonly used in formal or official contexts, such as requesting permission from authorities or superiors. For example: I need permission to enter「入る許可が必要です」(はいるきょかがひつようです). Did you get permission to leave early?「早退の許可をもらいましたか？」(そうたいのきょかをもらいましたか？). It can also be used in everyday situations, such as asking for permission to borrow something: Can I have permission to use your pen?「あなたのペンを使う許可をもらえますか？」(あなたのペンをつかうきょかをもらえますか？).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4434

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Seclude

Reading

Kanji

籠Cage, Basket

Explanation

The Japanese verb '籠もる (こもる)' means 'to seclude oneself' or 'to stay indoors'. It is often used to describe someone staying inside a place, such as a room or house, for an extended period of time, either by choice or due to external circumstances. For example: he secluded himself in his room「彼は部屋に籠もった」(かれはへやにこもった). During the storm, we stayed indoors「嵐の間、私たちは家に籠もっていた」(あらしのあいだ、わたしたちはいえにこもっていた). This verb can also imply a sense of isolation or withdrawal from the outside world.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4500

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Considerably

Reading

Kanji

大Big 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '大分 (だいぶ)' means 'considerably' or 'quite a bit'. It is used to indicate a significant degree or extent of something, often implying a noticeable change or difference. This word is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts. For example: It has become considerably colder「大分寒くなった」(だいぶさむくなった). I feel considerably better now「大分良くなった」(だいぶよくなった). The word can also imply that the change or difference has been gradual over time, as in '大分慣れてきた (だいぶなれてきた) (I have gotten quite used to it)'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4570

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gap

Reading

Kanji

隙Crevice 間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese noun '隙間 (すきま)' refers to a 'gap' or 'space' between objects. It is commonly used to describe physical spaces, such as gaps between walls, doors, or furniture, but can also be used metaphorically to describe gaps in time or relationships. For example: there is a gap between the wall and the desk「壁と机の間に隙間がある」(かべとつくえのあいだにすきまがある). I found a gap in my schedule「スケジュールに隙間を見つけた」(すけじゅーるにすきまをみつけた). The word can also imply a sense of something being overlooked or unnoticed, as in '隙間時間 (すきまじかん)', which refers to small pockets of free time.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4579

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Modesty

Reading

Kanji

謙Humble, Modesty 遜Humble

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '謙遜 (けんそん)' refers to the act of being modest or humble, often in the context of downplaying one's own abilities, achievements, or status. It is a valued trait in Japanese culture and is frequently used in social interactions to show politeness and respect. For example: He responded with modesty「彼は謙遜して答えた」(かれはけんそんしてこたえた). She always speaks with modesty「彼女はいつも謙遜して話す」(かのじょはいつもけんそんしてはなす). This term is often used in formal or professional settings to avoid appearing boastful.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4596

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hectic

Reading

Kanji

慌Flurried, Disconcerted

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '慌ただしい (あわただしい)' means 'hectic'. It describes a situation or period of time that is very busy, rushed, or chaotic. This word is often used to convey a sense of urgency or disorder, such as during a busy workday or a fast-paced event. For example: Today was hectic「今日は慌ただしかった」(きょうはあわただしかった). The morning was hectic with preparations「朝の準備は慌ただしかった」(あさのじゅんびはあわただしかった). Note that this adjective is commonly used to describe temporary states rather than permanent characteristics.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4702

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Monk

Reading

Kanji

坊Boy, Sonny

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'お坊さん (おぼうさん)' refers to a Buddhist monk. It is a polite and respectful term used to address or refer to monks, often associated with temples and religious practices. The prefix 'お' adds politeness, while '坊さん' is derived from '坊主 (ぼうず)', which can also mean monk but is less formal. Example sentences: The monk is praying「お坊さんが祈っています」(おぼうさんがいのっています). I saw a monk at the temple「お寺でお坊さんを見ました」(おてらでおぼうさんをみました). This term is commonly used in everyday conversation when referring to monks in a respectful manner.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4704

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Half body

Reading

Kanji

半Half 身Body, Self

Explanation

The Japanese noun '半身 (はんしん)' literally means 'half of the body'. It is often used in contexts such as martial arts, yoga, or physical training to refer to the upper or lower half of the body. For example: focus on your upper half「上半身に集中する」(じょうはんしんにしゅうちゅうする). In martial arts, it can also refer to a stance where only half of the body is exposed to the opponent. Additionally, it can be used metaphorically to describe partial involvement or commitment, such as 'half-hearted'. Example: he gave a half-hearted effort「彼は半身の努力をした」(かれははんしんのどりょくをした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4759

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Existence, Non existence

Reading

Kanji

有Exist 無Nothing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '有無 (うむ)' refers to the concepts of 'existence' and 'nonexistence'. It is often used in formal or philosophical contexts to discuss the presence or absence of something. For example: the existence or nonexistence of evidence「証拠の有無」(しょうこのうむ). It can also be used in everyday contexts to inquire about the availability or lack of something: is there a problem or not?「問題の有無」(もんだいのうむ). The word is a combination of the kanji for '有' (existence) and '無' (nonexistence), making it a binary term that encapsulates both states.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4832

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ruin, Crush

Reading

Kanji

潰Defile

Explanation

The Japanese verb '潰す (つぶす)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to crush,' which refers to physically destroying something by applying pressure, such as crushing a can or squashing an insect. For example: I crushed the can「缶を潰した」(かんをつぶした). The second meaning is 'to ruin,' which refers to causing something to fail or be destroyed, often in a metaphorical sense, such as ruining plans or wasting time. For example: He ruined the plan「彼は計画を潰した」(かれはけいかくをつぶした). The verb can also imply wasting resources or opportunities, as in 'to squander.' The nuance depends on the context, so it's important to pay attention to the object being acted upon.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4847

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Usual, Daily

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun 頃Approximate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日頃 (ひごろ)' refers to something that is part of one's daily life or routine, or something that is usual or habitual. It often implies a sense of regularity or familiarity. For example: I appreciate your daily efforts「日頃の努力に感謝します」(ひごろのどりょくにかんしゃします). It's important to exercise regularly「日頃から運動することが大切です」(ひごろからうんどうすることがたいせつです). This word is commonly used to describe habits, routines, or things that are consistently present in one's life.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4854

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Single

Reading

Kanji

独Alone 身Body, Self

Explanation

The Japanese noun '独身 (どくしん)' means 'single' in the context of marital status. It refers to someone who is not married. This term is neutral and can be used for both men and women. For example: she is single「彼女は独身です」(かのじょはどくしんです). He wants to stay single「彼は独身でいたい」(かれはどくしんでいたい). The word can also be used in phrases like '独身生活 (どくしんせいかつ)' meaning 'single life' or '独身者 (どくしんしゃ)' meaning 'single person'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4866

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Aim

Reading

Kanji

狙Aim

Explanation

The Japanese noun '狙い (ねらい)' means 'aim' or 'target'. It refers to the goal or objective one is trying to achieve, often in a strategic or deliberate manner. This word is commonly used in contexts involving plans, strategies, or intentions. For example: His aim is to win the competition「彼の狙いはコンテストに勝つことです」(かれのねらいはコンテストにかつことです). The sniper took aim at the target「狙撃手は狙いを定めた」(そげきしゅはねらいをさだめた). Additionally, '狙い' can imply a hidden or underlying intention, such as in '彼の狙いは何だろう？ (かれのねらいはなんだろう？) (What is his aim?).'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4916

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sturdy

Reading

Kanji

頑Stubborn 丈Stout, Length

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '頑丈 (がんじょう)' means 'sturdy' or 'robust'. It is used to describe something that is strongly built, durable, or tough, often referring to physical objects or structures. For example: This table is sturdy「このテーブルは頑丈だ」(このテーブルはがんじょうだ). The bridge is robust「その橋は頑丈だ」(そのはしはがんじょうだ). It can also be used metaphorically to describe someone's health or resolve, as in 'He has a sturdy constitution'「彼は頑丈な体を持っている」(かれはがんじょうなからだをもっている).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4931

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Go back, Trace back

Reading

Kanji

遡Retrace the past, Go upstream

Explanation

The Japanese verb '遡る (さかのぼる)' primarily means 'to go back' or 'to trace back' in time or to a point of origin. It is often used to describe retracing steps, revisiting past events, or exploring the origins of something. For example: Let's trace back the history of this tradition「この伝統の歴史を遡りましょう」(このでんとうのれきしをさかのぼりましょう). The river flows back to its source「その川は源まで遡る」(そのかわはみなもとまでさかのぼる). This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it versatile in describing time, history, or even physical paths.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4941

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chopsticks

Reading

Kanji

箸Chopsticks

Explanation

The Japanese noun '箸 (はし)' refers to 'chopsticks', which are utensils used for eating, particularly in East Asian cultures. Chopsticks are typically made of wood, bamboo, metal, or plastic and are used to pick up food. Example sentences: Please pass the chopsticks「箸を取ってください」(はしをとってください). These chopsticks are easy to use「この箸は使いやすいです」(このはしはつかいやすいです). In Japanese culture, proper handling of chopsticks is considered important, and there are specific etiquette rules associated with their use.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4948

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Irritation

Reading

Kanji

苛Bullying

Explanation

The Japanese noun '苛々 (いらいら)' refers to a state of irritation or frustration. It is often used to describe a feeling of being annoyed or impatient, typically due to minor inconveniences or delays. For example: I feel irritated because of the traffic「交通のせいで苛々している」(こうつうのせいでいらいらしている). She gets irritated easily「彼女はすぐに苛々する」(かのじょはすぐにいらいらする). This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to express mild frustration or annoyance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4960

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cliff

Reading

Kanji

崖Cliff

Explanation

The Japanese noun '崖 (がけ)' means 'cliff'. It refers to a steep, vertical or near-vertical rock face, often found near coastlines, mountains, or rivers. This word is commonly used in geographical contexts or to describe dangerous or dramatic landscapes. For example: Be careful near the cliff「崖の近くに気をつけて」(がけのちかくにきをつけて). The house is built on the edge of a cliff「その家は崖の端に建てられている」(そのいえはがけのはしにたてられている). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a precarious situation, such as being on the edge of a metaphorical 'cliff'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4966

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Moisture

Reading

Kanji

水Water 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese noun '水分 (すいぶん)' refers to 'moisture' or 'water content'. It is commonly used to describe the amount of water present in something, such as food, the air, or the human body. For example: This fruit has a lot of moisture「この果物は水分が多い」(このくだものはすいぶんがおおい). It's important to stay hydrated「水分を取ることが大切です」(すいぶんをとることがたいせつです). The word can also be used in scientific or technical contexts to discuss water content in materials or environments.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4983

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Scorn

Reading

Kanji

軽Lightly 蔑Neglect, Scorn

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '軽蔑 (けいべつ)' means 'scorn' or 'contempt'. It refers to a feeling of disdain or disrespect towards someone or something considered inferior or unworthy. This word is often used in formal or serious contexts to describe a strong negative attitude. For example: He looked at me with scorn「彼は軽蔑の目で私を見た」(かれはけいべつのめでわたしをみた). She felt contempt for his dishonesty「彼女は彼の不誠実さに軽蔑を感じた」(かのじょはかれのふせいじつさにけいべつをかんじた). The word can also be used in phrases like '軽蔑する (けいべつする)', which means 'to scorn' or 'to despise'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4990

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beggar

Reading

Kanji

乞Beg 食Eat, Food

Explanation

The Japanese noun '乞食 (こじき)' refers to a 'beggar', someone who asks for money or food as charity. This term is often used in historical or literary contexts and can carry a somewhat archaic or harsh tone. It is important to note that this word is not commonly used in modern, polite conversation, as it may be considered derogatory. Example sentences: The beggar sat by the temple「乞食が寺のそばに座っていた」(こじきがてらのそばにすわっていた). He gave some money to the beggar「彼は乞食にお金をあげた」(かれはこじきにおかねをあげた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5006

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Practice

Reading

Kanji

稽Think, Consider 古Old

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '稽古 (けいこ)' primarily means 'practice' or 'training'. It is commonly used in contexts related to learning or perfecting a skill, such as martial arts, traditional arts, or performing arts. For example: I have kendo practice today「今日は剣道の稽古があります」(きょうはけんどうのけいこがあります). She is practicing the tea ceremony「彼女は茶道の稽古をしています」(かのじょはさどうのけいこをしています). The word often carries a nuance of disciplined, repetitive training aimed at mastery, and it is frequently used in traditional or artistic contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5010

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Toy

Reading

Kanji

玩Toy 具Tool

Explanation

The Japanese noun '玩具 (おもちゃ)' means 'toy'. This word refers to objects designed for children to play with, such as dolls, cars, or puzzles. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something treated as a trivial or unimportant matter. For example: The child is playing with a toy「子供が玩具で遊んでいる」(こどもがおもちゃであそんでいる). Don't treat me like a toy「私を玩具のように扱わないで」(わたしをおもちゃのようにあつかわないで). The word is commonly used in everyday conversation and is neutral in tone.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5012

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Collapse, Failure

Reading

Kanji

破Break, Tear 綻Come apart at the seams

Explanation

The Japanese noun '破綻 (はたん)' refers to a collapse or failure, often in the context of systems, plans, or relationships. It implies a breakdown or disintegration of something that was previously functioning. For example: the plan ended in failure「その計画は破綻した」(そのけいかくははたんした). Their marriage fell apart「彼らの結婚は破綻した」(かれらのけっこんははたんした). This word is commonly used in formal or serious contexts to describe significant failures or collapses.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5015

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drown

Reading

Kanji

溺Drown, Indulge

Explanation

The Japanese verb '溺れる (おぼれる)' primarily means 'to drown'. It refers to the act of being submerged in water and unable to breathe, often leading to suffocation. However, it can also be used metaphorically to describe being overwhelmed by emotions or circumstances. For example: He drowned in the river「彼は川で溺れた」(かれはかわでおぼれた). She is drowning in work「彼女は仕事に溺れている」(かのじょはしごとにおぼれている). The verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it versatile in expressing situations of being overwhelmed or consumed.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5026

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Neglect

Reading

Kanji

御Honorable, General honorific term 無Nothing 沙Sand 汰Select

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '御無沙汰 (ごぶさた)' refers to the act of neglecting to contact someone or not being in touch for a long time. It is often used in polite expressions to apologize for not having been in contact. For example: I'm sorry for not being in touch「ご無沙汰しております」(ごぶさたしております). It's been a long time since we last met「久しぶりに会いましたね」(ひさしぶりにあいましたね). This term is commonly used in formal or semi-formal contexts to express regret for not maintaining communication.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5030

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Vague

Reading

Kanji

曖Dark, Not clear 昧Dark, Foolish

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '曖昧 (あいまい)' means 'vague' or 'ambiguous'. It is used to describe something that is unclear, not well-defined, or open to interpretation. This word can be applied to statements, ideas, situations, or even feelings. For example: His explanation was vague「彼の説明は曖昧だった」(かれのせつめいはあいまいだった). The meaning of this sentence is ambiguous「この文の意味は曖昧だ」(このぶんのいみはあいまいだ). '曖昧' often carries a slightly negative connotation, implying a lack of clarity or precision. It is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5038

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cowardly

Reading

Kanji

臆Cowardice 病Illness

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '臆病 (おくびょう)' means 'cowardly'. It is used to describe someone who lacks courage or is easily frightened. This term often carries a negative connotation, implying timidity or fearfulness in situations where bravery is expected. For example: he is too cowardly to face the challenge「彼は臆病でその挑戦に立ち向かえない」(かれはおくびょうでそのちょうせんにたちむかえない). Don't be so cowardly!「そんなに臆病にならないで！」(そんなにおくびょうにならないで！). The word can also describe a cautious or overly timid approach to something, such as 'a cowardly attitude' (臆病な態度, おくびょうなたいど).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5039

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wheelchair

Reading

Kanji

車Car 椅Chair 子Child

Explanation

The Japanese noun '車椅子 (くるまいす)' refers to a 'wheelchair', a chair with wheels used by people who have difficulty walking or cannot walk. This term is commonly used in medical, caregiving, and everyday contexts. For example: He uses a wheelchair「彼は車椅子を使っています」(かれはくるまいすをつかっています). The hospital provides wheelchairs「病院は車椅子を提供しています」(びょういんはくるまいすをていきょうしています). The word is a combination of '車 (くるま)' meaning 'vehicle' or 'wheel' and '椅子 (いす)' meaning 'chair', emphasizing its function as a mobility aid.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5040

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Perfection

Reading

Kanji

完Complete 璧Ball, Sphere

Explanation

The Japanese noun '完璧 (かんぺき)' means 'perfection'. It is used to describe something that is flawless, complete, or without any defects. This word is often used to emphasize the high quality or ideal state of something. For example: Her performance was perfect「彼女のパフォーマンスは完璧だった」(かのじょのパフォーマンスはかんぺきだった). This plan is flawless「このプランは完璧だ」(このプランはかんぺきだ). The word can also be used sarcastically or ironically to imply that something is too perfect or unrealistic. It is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5081

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kick

Reading

Kanji

蹴Kick

Explanation

The Japanese verb '蹴る (ける)' means 'to kick'. It is used to describe the action of striking or hitting something with the foot. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: he kicked the ball「彼はボールを蹴った」(かれはボールをけった). She kicked the habit「彼女はその癖を蹴った」(かのじょはそのくせをけった). In the second example, '蹴る' is used figuratively to mean 'to quit' or 'to give up' a habit. The verb can also be used in various forms to indicate different tenses or levels of politeness.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5204

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rice cake

Reading

Kanji

餅Mochi rice cake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '餅 (もち)' refers to a traditional Japanese food made from glutinous rice that has been pounded into a sticky, elastic mass. It is often shaped into round or rectangular forms and can be eaten in various ways, such as grilled, boiled, or as part of soups and desserts. '餅' is particularly associated with Japanese New Year celebrations, where it is used in dishes like 'お雑煮 (おぞうに)' (ozōni), a soup containing mochi. Example sentences include: I ate a rice cake「餅を食べた」(もちをたべた). Rice cakes are sticky「餅は粘り気がある」(もちはねばりけがある).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5240

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Distribution

Reading

Kanji

配Distribute 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese noun '配分 (はいぶん)' refers to the act or process of distributing or allocating something, such as resources, tasks, or shares. It is often used in contexts involving the fair or strategic division of items among people or groups. For example: The distribution of food was fair「食料の配分は公平だった」(しょくりょうのはいぶんはこうへいだった). We need to discuss the allocation of tasks「タスクの配分について話し合う必要がある」(タスクのはいぶんについてはなしあうひつようがある). This term is commonly used in both formal and informal settings, particularly in discussions about resource management or planning.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5315

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Baby

Reading

Kanji

赤Red 坊Boy, Sonny

Explanation

The Japanese noun '赤ん坊 (あかんぼう)' refers to a baby, typically a newborn or very young infant. The term is often used in a casual or affectionate context. It literally translates to 'red child,' which is a reference to the reddish complexion of newborns. Example sentences: The baby is sleeping「赤ん坊が寝ている」(あかんぼうがねている). She is holding a baby「彼女は赤ん坊を抱いている」(かのじょはあかんぼうをだいている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5322

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

China, Tang

Reading

Kanji

唐Tang dynasty

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun '唐 (とう)' primarily refers to the Tang Dynasty of China, which lasted from 618 to 907 AD. This term is often used in historical contexts to refer to this specific period. Additionally, '唐' can also be used more broadly to refer to China in general, especially in historical or literary contexts. For example: The Tang Dynasty was a golden age of Chinese culture「唐の時代は中国文化の黄金時代だった」(とうのじだいはちゅうごくぶんかのおうごんじだいだった). This art was influenced by Tang China「この芸術は唐の中国の影響を受けている」(このげいじゅつはとうのちゅうごくのえいきょうをうけている).

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5326

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Majority

Reading

Kanji

大Big 部Section, Department 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大部分 (だいぶぶん)' means 'majority' or 'most part'. It is used to refer to the larger or main portion of something, whether it be a physical object, a group of people, or an abstract concept. For example: The majority of the students passed the exam「大部分の学生は試験に合格した」(だいぶぶんのがくせいはしけんにごうかくした). Most of the work is already done「仕事の大部分はもう終わっている」(しごとのだいぶぶんはもうおわっている). This term is often used in formal or written contexts to emphasize the extent or proportion of something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5396

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Disassembly, Analysis

Reading

Kanji

分Minute, Part 解Solve, Untie

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '分解 (ぶんかい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'disassembly', referring to the act of taking something apart into its constituent pieces. For example: I disassembled the machine「機械を分解した」(きかいをぶんかいした). The second meaning is 'analysis', referring to the detailed examination of the elements or structure of something. For example: The scientist analyzed the data「科学者がデータを分解した」(かがくしゃがデータをぶんかいした). It's important to note that the context in which '分解' is used will determine whether it refers to physical disassembly or abstract analysis.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5424

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Jealousy

Reading

Kanji

嫉Envy, Jealous 妬Envy, Jealous

Explanation

The Japanese noun '嫉妬 (しっと)' means 'jealousy'. It refers to the feeling of envy or resentment towards someone because of their advantages, achievements, or possessions. This word is often used in contexts involving relationships, competition, or personal insecurities. For example: She felt jealousy towards her friend「彼女は友達に嫉妬を感じた」(かのじょはともだちにしっとをかんじた). His success caused jealousy among his colleagues「彼の成功は同僚の間に嫉妬を引き起こした」(かれのせいこうはどうりょうのあいだにしっとをひきおこした). The word can also imply a sense of bitterness or ill will, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5427

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Safely

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '無事 (ぶじ)' means 'safely' or 'without incident'. It is often used to describe the successful completion of a task, journey, or event without any problems or harm. It can also be used to express relief that someone or something is safe. For example: He arrived safely「彼は無事に到着した」(かれはぶじにとうちゃくした). The package was delivered without any issues「荷物は無事に届いた」(にもつはぶじにとどいた). It's important to note that '無事' can also be used as a noun to mean 'safety' or 'well-being', but in this context, we are focusing on its adverbial usage.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5432

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Quiet

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 口Mouth

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '無口 (むくち)' refers to someone who is 'quiet' or 'taciturn', often describing a person who speaks little or is not talkative. It is used to characterize someone's personality or behavior. For example: He is a quiet person「彼は無口な人です」(かれはむくちなひとです). She became quiet after the incident「彼女はその出来事の後、無口になりました」(かのじょはそのできごとのあと、むくちになりました). This term is neutral and does not inherently carry a positive or negative connotation, though context can influence its interpretation.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5433

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soon

Reading

Kanji

間Interval, Space 無Nothing

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '間も無く (まもなく)' means 'soon' and is used to indicate that something will happen in the near future. It is often used in formal or written contexts, such as announcements or schedules. For example: The train will arrive soon「電車は間も無く到着します」(でんしゃはまもなくとうちゃくします). The meeting will start soon「会議は間も無く始まります」(かいぎはまもなくはじまります). This adverb conveys a sense of immediacy and is typically used when the event is expected to occur within a short period of time.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5434

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reckless

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 茶Tea

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '無茶 (むちゃ)' primarily means 'reckless' or 'unreasonable'. It is often used to describe actions or behavior that are done without considering the consequences or that defy common sense. For example: He made a reckless decision「彼は無茶な決断をした」(かれはむちゃなけつだんをした). Don't do anything unreasonable「無茶をしないで」(むちゃをしないで). The word can also imply something being excessive or absurd, such as in the phrase '無茶苦茶 (むちゃくちゃ)', which means 'utterly chaotic' or 'completely messed up'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5438

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Useless, Unnecessary

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 用Use

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '無用 (むよう)' can mean 'useless' or 'unnecessary'. It is used to describe something that has no practical value or is not needed. For example: this tool is useless「この道具は無用だ」(このどうぐはむようだ). It is unnecessary to worry「心配は無用です」(しんぱいはむようです). The word can also imply that something is not required or should be avoided, as in '無用な争い (むようなあらそい) (unnecessary conflict)'. Note that '無用' can carry a slightly formal tone and is often used in written or formal spoken contexts.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5459

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ignorance

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 知Know

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '無知 (むち)' means 'ignorance'. It refers to a lack of knowledge, awareness, or understanding about something. This term is often used to describe a state of being uninformed or unaware, and it can carry a slightly negative connotation depending on the context. For example: His ignorance is astonishing「彼の無知には驚かされる」(かれのむちにはおどろかされる). Ignorance is not always bliss「無知は必ずしも幸福ではない」(むちはかならずしもこうふくではない). The word can also be used in a more neutral or descriptive sense, such as in the phrase '無知な人 (むちなひと)', which means 'an ignorant person'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5523

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Incompetent

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 能Ability

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '無能 (むのう)' means 'incompetent'. It is used to describe someone who lacks the necessary skills, ability, or capacity to perform a task or fulfill a role effectively. This term carries a strong negative connotation and is often used in critical or evaluative contexts. For example: He is incompetent at his job「彼は仕事で無能だ」(かれはしごとでむのうだ). The manager was deemed incompetent「そのマネージャーは無能だと見なされた」(そのマネージャーはむのうだとみなされた). Note that '無能' is typically used to describe people rather than objects or situations.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5530

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Impossible

Reading

Kanji

不Not 可Possible 能Ability

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不可能 (ふかのう)' means 'impossible'. It is used to describe situations, tasks, or events that cannot be achieved or realized. This word is often used in formal or serious contexts to emphasize the unfeasibility of something. For example: It is impossible to finish this task today「このタスクを今日中に終わらせるのは不可能だ」(このタスクをきょうじゅうにおわらせるのはふかのうだ). Climbing that mountain without equipment is impossible「その山を装備なしで登るのは不可能だ」(そのやまをそうびなしでのぼるのはふかのうだ). Note that '不可能' is often used in conjunction with verbs or nouns to express the impossibility of an action or state.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5541

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Insufficient

Reading

Kanji

不Not 十Ten 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不十分 (ふじゅうぶん)' means 'insufficient'. It is used to describe something that lacks the necessary quantity, quality, or completeness. This term is often used in formal or critical contexts to indicate that more is needed or that something is not adequate. For example: The explanation was insufficient「説明が不十分だった」(せつめいがふじゅうぶんだった). The preparation was insufficient「準備が不十分だった」(じゅんびがふじゅうぶんだった). It can also be used to describe abstract concepts, such as efforts or measures, indicating they are not enough to achieve a desired outcome.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5542

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Intense

Reading

Kanji

凄Nifty

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '凄まじい (すさまじい)' means 'intense' or 'terrific'. It is used to describe something that is extremely powerful, severe, or impressive, often in a way that is overwhelming or awe-inspiring. This word can be used to describe natural phenomena, emotions, or actions. For example: the storm was intense「嵐が凄まじかった」(あらしがすさまじかった). His determination is intense「彼の決意は凄まじい」(かれのけついはすさまじい). It can also carry a nuance of something being fearsome or terrifying, depending on the context. For instance: the battle was fierce「戦いは凄まじかった」(たたかいはすさまじかった).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5543

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Silence

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 言Say

Explanation

The Japanese noun '無言 (むごん)' means 'silence' or 'wordlessness'. It refers to the state of not speaking or communicating verbally. This word is often used to describe situations where people choose not to speak, either due to discomfort, tension, or as a form of non-verbal communication. For example: the room was filled with silence「部屋は無言に包まれた」(へやはむごんにつつまれた). They exchanged a silent glance「彼らは無言で視線を交わした」(かれらはむごんでしせんをかわした). It can also imply a deliberate choice to remain silent, such as in a protest or to avoid conflict.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5547

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bully

Reading

Kanji

苛Bullying

Explanation

The Japanese verb '苛める (いじめる)' means 'to bully'. This verb is used to describe the act of tormenting, teasing, or harassing someone, often repeatedly and with the intention to cause distress. It can be used in various contexts, such as school bullying, workplace harassment, or even playful teasing among friends (though the latter is less common). For example: He bullies his classmates「彼はクラスメートをいじめる」(かれはクラスメートをいじめる). Don't bully others「他人をいじめるな」(たにんをいじめるな). The verb often carries a negative connotation and is associated with harmful behavior.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5573

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inanimate

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 生Life 物Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '無生物 (むせいぶつ)' refers to inanimate objects or non-living things. It is used to describe entities that do not possess life, such as rocks, tools, or machines. This term is often used in scientific or philosophical contexts to distinguish between living and non-living matter. For example: Rocks are inanimate objects「岩は無生物です」(いわはむせいぶつです). The study of inanimate objects is important in physics「無生物の研究は物理学で重要です」(むせいぶつのけんきゅうはぶつりがくでじゅうようです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5648

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Distribution

Reading

Kanji

分Minute, Part 配Distribute

Explanation

The Japanese noun '分配 (ぶんぱい)' refers to the act of distributing or allocating something among a group of people or entities. It is commonly used in contexts involving the division of resources, responsibilities, or benefits. For example: The distribution of profits was fair「利益の分配は公平だった」(りえきのぶんぱいはこうへいだった). They discussed the distribution of tasks「彼らは任務の分配について話し合った」(かれらはにんむのぶんぱいについてはなしあった). This term is often used in economic, organizational, or social contexts to describe how something is divided or shared.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5666

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Draw

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese noun '引き分け (ひきわけ)' refers to a 'draw' or 'tie' in the context of competitions, games, or matches. It is used when the outcome is even, with no clear winner or loser. For example: The game ended in a draw「試合は引き分けに終わった」(しあいはひきわけにおわった). The match was a tie「その試合は引き分けだった」(そのしあいはひきわけだった). This term is commonly used in sports, board games, or any competitive scenario where the result is balanced.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5688

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Personal

Reading

Kanji

私Private, Me 的Target

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '私的 (してき)' means 'personal'. It is used to describe something that is related to an individual's private life, opinions, or interests, rather than being public or official. This term often carries a nuance of being subjective or not related to formal or professional matters. For example: This is my personal opinion「これは私的な意見です」(これはしてきないけんです). He has a personal connection to the case「彼はその事件に私的なつながりがある」(かれはそのじけんにしてきなつながりがある). Note that '私的' is often used in contrast to '公的 (こうてき)', which means 'public' or 'official'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5692

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bullying

Reading

Kanji

苛Bullying

Explanation

The Japanese noun '苛め (いじめ)' refers to the act of bullying, which involves repeated aggressive behavior intended to hurt or intimidate someone, often someone perceived as weaker. This term is commonly used in schools, workplaces, and other social settings. Example sentences: Bullying is a serious problem「苛めは深刻な問題です」(いじめはしんこくなもんだいです). He was a victim of bullying「彼は苛めの被害者でした」(かれはいじめのひがいしゃでした). The word carries a strong negative connotation and is often discussed in the context of prevention and intervention.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5715

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Division

Reading

Kanji

分Minute, Part 担Bear, Carry

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '分担 (ぶんたん)' refers to the act of dividing or sharing responsibilities, tasks, or duties among a group of people. It emphasizes collaboration and equitable distribution of work. For example: Let's divide the work「仕事を分担しましょう」(しごとをぶんたんしましょう). The team shared the tasks「チームは仕事を分担した」(チームはしごとをぶんたんした). This term is commonly used in professional, academic, or household settings to describe the fair allocation of responsibilities.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5744

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Awhile

Reading

Kanji

当Hit, Appropriate 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '当分 (とうぶん)' means 'for the time being' or 'for awhile'. It is used to indicate that a certain state or action will continue for an indefinite period of time, often implying that the situation is temporary. This adverb is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: I won't be going out for awhile「当分の間、外出しません」(とうぶんのあいだ、がいしゅつしません). Prices will remain the same for the time being「当分の間、価格は変わりません」(とうぶんのあいだ、かかくはかわりません). It can also be used to express that something will not happen for a certain period, as in 'I won't be seeing him for awhile'「当分の間、彼に会いません」(とうぶんのあいだ、かれにあいません).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5754

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Infinite

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 限Limit

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '無限 (むげん)' means 'infinite'. It is used to describe something that has no limits, boundaries, or end. This word can be applied to abstract concepts like time, space, or possibilities, as well as physical entities. For example: the universe is infinite「宇宙は無限だ」(うちゅうはむげんだ). His patience seems infinite「彼の忍耐は無限のようだ」(かれのにんたいはむげんのようだ). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '無限ループ (むげんループ)' (infinite loop) or '無限大 (むげんだい)' (infinity).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5854

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unlimited

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 制System, Control 限Limit

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '無制限 (むせいげん)' means 'unlimited'. It is used to describe something that has no restrictions, limits, or boundaries. This term is often used in contexts related to time, resources, or access. For example: unlimited data plan「無制限のデータプラン」(むせいげんのでーたぷらん). The buffet offers unlimited refills「そのビュッフェは無制限にリフィルできます」(そのびゅっふぇはむせいげんにりふぃるできます). Note that '無制限' is typically used in formal or technical contexts and is less common in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5855

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mind body

Reading

Kanji

心Heart 身Body, Self

Explanation

The Japanese noun '心身 (しんしん)' refers to the combination of the mind and body, often used to describe the holistic state of a person's mental and physical well-being. It emphasizes the interconnectedness of mental and physical health. For example: maintaining mind-body balance is important「心身のバランスを保つことは大切です」(しんしんのバランスをたもつことはたいせつです). The retreat focuses on mind-body healing「そのリトリートは心身の癒しに焦点を当てています」(そのリトリートはしんしんのいやしにしょうてんをあてています). This term is commonly used in contexts related to health, wellness, and self-care.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5856

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lifespan

Reading

Kanji

寿Longevity, Congratulations 命Command, Life

Explanation

The Japanese noun '寿命 (じゅみょう)' refers to the length of time that a living being, object, or system is expected to live or function. It is commonly used in contexts discussing the natural life expectancy of humans, animals, or even the durability of machines and technology. For example: The lifespan of a cat is about 15 years「猫の寿命は約15年です」(ねこのじゅみょうはやく15ねんです). This smartphone has a short lifespan「このスマートフォンは寿命が短い」(このスマートフォンはじゅみょうがみじかい). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe the 'life' of non-living things, such as the lifespan of a product or trend.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5890

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Countless

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 数Number

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '無数 (むすう)' means 'countless' or 'innumerable'. It is used to describe something that is so numerous that it cannot be counted or is difficult to count. This term often conveys a sense of overwhelming quantity or abundance. For example: There are countless stars in the sky「空には無数の星がある」(そらにはむすうのほしがある). The museum has countless artifacts「その博物館には無数の遺物がある」(そのはくぶつかんにはむすうのいぶつがある). The word can be used in both literal and figurative contexts, emphasizing the vastness or multitude of something.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5906

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sushi

Reading

Kanji

寿Longevity, Congratulations 司Director

Explanation

The Japanese noun '寿司 (すし)' refers to 'sushi', a traditional Japanese dish consisting of vinegared rice combined with various ingredients such as raw fish, seafood, vegetables, or egg. Sushi is a staple of Japanese cuisine and is enjoyed worldwide. It comes in many forms, including nigiri (hand-pressed sushi), maki (rolled sushi), and sashimi (sliced raw fish without rice). Example sentences: I ate sushi yesterday「昨日寿司を食べた」(きのうすしをたべた). This sushi is delicious「この寿司は美味しい」(このすしはおいしい). Sushi is often served with soy sauce, wasabi, and pickled ginger.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5910

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Possible

Reading

Kanji

可Possible

Explanation

The Japanese noun '可 (か)' means 'possible' or 'approval'. It is often used in formal or technical contexts to indicate that something is permissible, acceptable, or feasible. For example: This plan is possible「このプランは可です」(このプランはかです). The use of '可' is common in academic or bureaucratic settings, such as grading systems (e.g., '可' as a passing grade). It can also appear in compound words like '可能 (かのう)' (possible) or '許可 (きょか)' (permission). Note that '可' is less commonly used in casual conversation and is more formal in tone.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5923

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Secretion

Reading

Kanji

分Minute, Part 泌Secrete

Explanation

The Japanese noun '分泌 (ぶんぴつ)' refers to the biological process of secretion, where substances are produced and discharged from a cell, gland, or organ. This term is commonly used in medical and biological contexts. For example: Hormone secretion is important for the body「ホルモンの分泌は体にとって重要です」(ホルモンのぶんぴつはからだにとってじゅうようです). Excessive secretion of oil can cause skin problems「油の過剰分泌は肌トラブルの原因になります」(あぶらのかじょうぶんぴつははだトラブルのげんいんになります).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5943

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Colorless

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 色Color

Explanation

The Japanese noun '無色 (むしょく)' means 'colorless'. It is used to describe something that lacks color or is transparent. This term can be applied to physical objects, liquids, or even abstract concepts like ideas or emotions. For example: water is colorless「水は無色です」(みずはむしょくです). The glass is colorless「そのガラスは無色です」(そのガラスはむしょくです). In a more abstract sense, it can describe something that is neutral or lacks bias, as in '無色の意見 (むしょくのいけん) (colorless opinion)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6025

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Classification

Reading

Kanji

分Minute, Part 類Kind, Type

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '分類 (ぶんるい)' means 'classification'. It refers to the act or process of categorizing or organizing things into groups based on shared characteristics. This term is commonly used in academic, scientific, and everyday contexts. For example: The classification of animals is important in biology「動物の分類は生物学で重要です」(どうぶつのぶんるいはせいぶつがくでじゅうようです). Please classify these documents by date「これらの書類を日付で分類してください」(これらのしょるいをひづけでぶんるいしてください). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '分類学 (ぶんるいがく)' (taxonomy).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6036

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Height

Reading

Kanji

身Body, Self 長Long, Leader

Explanation

The Japanese noun '身長 (しんちょう)' refers to a person's height, specifically their physical stature from head to toe. It is commonly used in contexts such as medical checkups, sports, or personal descriptions. For example: His height is 180 cm「彼の身長は180センチです」(かれのしんちょうは180センチです). I measured my height「身長を測りました」(しんちょうをはかりました). This word is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6058

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Paper

Reading

Kanji

箋Stationery

Explanation

The Japanese noun '箋 (せん)' refers to a small piece of paper, often used for writing notes, labels, or memos. It can also refer to a slip of paper used in traditional Japanese contexts, such as for writing poetry or as a bookmark. For example: I wrote a note on a slip of paper「箋にメモを書いた」(せんにめもをかいた). The poem was written on a small piece of paper「その詩は箋に書かれていた」(そのしはせんにかかれていた). This word is often used in formal or literary contexts and is less common in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6060

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Core

Reading

Kanji

芯Wick

Explanation

The Japanese noun '芯 (しん)' refers to the core or central part of something. It can be used literally, such as the core of a fruit or the wick of a candle, or metaphorically, to describe the central or essential part of an idea or concept. For example: the core of an apple「リンゴの芯」(りんごのしん). The wick of a candle「ろうそくの芯」(ろうそくのしん). In a metaphorical sense, it can describe the essence or heart of a matter, such as 'the core of the problem'「問題の芯」(もんだいのしん). This word is often used in both everyday and technical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6075

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Invalid

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 効Effective

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '無効 (むこう)' means 'invalid' or 'null and void'. It is used to describe something that has no legal or binding force, or something that is not effective or recognized. This term is often used in legal, contractual, or technical contexts. For example: The contract is invalid「その契約は無効です」(そのけいやくはむこうです). The ticket is no longer valid「そのチケットは無効になりました」(そのチケットはむこうになりました). It can also be used in everyday situations to indicate that something is not functioning or recognized, such as a coupon or a password.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6172

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Genuine

Reading

Kanji

本Book, Origin 格Status 的Target

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '本格的 (ほんかくてき)' means 'genuine' or 'authentic'. It is used to describe something that is fully developed, serious, or done in a proper and thorough manner. This word often conveys a sense of seriousness or professionalism in the context it is used. For example: This restaurant serves genuine Italian food「このレストランは本格的なイタリア料理を出す」(このレストランはほんかくてきなイタリアりょうりをだす). He started his training in a serious manner「彼は本格的にトレーニングを始めた」(かれはほんかくてきにトレーニングをはじめた). Note that '本格的' can also imply a sense of being 'full-scale' or 'thorough', depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6246

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Comprehensive

Reading

Kanji

全Whole, All 面Face, Surface 的Target

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '全面的 (ぜんめんてき)' means 'comprehensive' or 'all-encompassing'. It is used to describe something that covers all aspects or is done in a thorough and complete manner. This word is often used in contexts such as support, agreement, or changes that are complete and without reservation. For example: The company gave comprehensive support to the project「会社はそのプロジェクトに全面的な支援をした」(かいしゃはそのプロジェクトにぜんめんてきなしえんをした). He fully agreed with the proposal「彼はその提案に全面的に同意した」(かれはそのていあんにぜんめんてきにどういした). It can also imply a sense of totality or completeness in actions or decisions.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6247

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Logical

Reading

Kanji

論Theory, Argument 理Reason 的Target

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '論理的 (ろんりてき)' means 'logical'. It is used to describe something that is based on clear, rational, and systematic reasoning. This term is often applied to arguments, thinking processes, or explanations that follow a coherent and well-structured line of thought. For example: His explanation was very logical「彼の説明はとても論理的だった」(かれのせつめいはとてもろんりてきだった). She has a logical way of solving problems「彼女は問題を解決する論理的な方法を持っている」(かのじょはもんだいをかいけつするろんりてきなほうほうをもっている). The adjective can also be used to describe a person who thinks logically, as in '彼は論理的な人だ (かれはろんりてきなひとだ) (He is a logical person).'

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6248

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Intellectual

Reading

Kanji

知Know 的Target

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '知的 (ちてき)' means 'intellectual' and is used to describe something or someone that is related to intelligence, knowledge, or the mind. It often carries a nuance of sophistication or being well-informed. For example: She has an intellectual appearance「彼女は知的な雰囲気を持っている」(かのじょはちてきなふんいきをもっている). This book is intellectually stimulating「この本は知的に刺激的だ」(このほんはちてきにしげきてきだ). The word is commonly used in contexts involving education, culture, or mental activities.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6249

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Destination

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 的Target 地Ground

Explanation

The Japanese noun '目的地 (もくてきち)' means 'destination'. It refers to the place to which someone or something is going or being sent. This word is commonly used in travel contexts, such as when discussing the endpoint of a journey or trip. For example: The destination is still far away「目的地はまだ遠い」(もくてきちはまだとおい). We arrived at our destination「目的地に着きました」(もくてきちにつきました). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a goal or objective, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6250

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cultural

Reading

Kanji

文Sentence 化Change 的Target

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '文化的 (ぶんかてき)' means 'cultural'. It is used to describe something related to culture, such as cultural activities, cultural heritage, or cultural differences. This term is often used in formal or academic contexts to discuss aspects of culture. For example: This event has cultural significance「このイベントは文化的に重要です」(このイベントはぶんかてきにじゅうようです). We need to respect cultural differences「文化的な違いを尊重する必要があります」(ぶんかてきなちがいをそんちょうするひつようがあります). The adjective is typically used to modify nouns, as in '文化的活動 (ぶんかてきかつどう) (cultural activities)'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6252

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Masculine

Reading

Kanji

男Man 性Gender, Sex 的Target

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '男性的 (だんせいてき)' means 'masculine'. It is used to describe qualities, characteristics, or behaviors that are traditionally associated with men, such as strength, assertiveness, or physical appearance. This word can be applied to people, traits, or even objects that evoke a masculine impression. For example: He has a masculine appearance「彼は男性的な外見だ」(かれはだんせいてきながいけんだ). This design feels very masculine「このデザインはとても男性的だ」(このデザインはとてもだんせいてきだ). Note that this word is often used in a descriptive or comparative context, and it carries a neutral to positive connotation depending on the situation.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6253

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Meaningless

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 意Idea 味Flavor

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '無意味 (むいみ)' means 'meaningless'. It is used to describe something that lacks purpose, significance, or value. This word is often used in contexts where actions, words, or events are perceived as futile or without any meaningful outcome. For example: His efforts were meaningless「彼の努力は無意味だった」(かれのどりょくはむいみだった). This conversation is meaningless「この会話は無意味だ」(このかいわはむいみだ). The word can also be used to describe abstract concepts, such as life or existence, when they are perceived as lacking purpose. Note that '無意味' is often used in a negative or critical tone, so it should be used carefully depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6339

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Approval

Reading

Kanji

認Recognize, Admit 可Possible

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '認可 (にんか)' refers to the act of officially approving or authorizing something. It is commonly used in formal contexts, such as government or organizational settings, where an official body grants permission or recognition. For example: The government granted approval for the new project「政府は新しいプロジェクトを認可した」(せいふはあたらしいプロジェクトをにんかした). The school received official recognition「その学校は認可を受けた」(そのがっこうはにんかをうけた). This term emphasizes the formal and official nature of the approval process.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6344

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Noodles

Reading

Kanji

麺Noodles, Wheat flour

Explanation

The Japanese noun '麺 (めん)' refers to 'noodles', a staple in Japanese cuisine. This term broadly encompasses various types of noodles, including soba, udon, and ramen. It is commonly used in contexts related to food and dining. For example: I ate noodles for lunch「昼ご飯に麺を食べた」(ひるごはんにめんをたべた). This restaurant serves delicious noodles「このレストランは美味しい麺を出す」(このレストランはおいしいめんをだす). The word '麺' is often seen in menus and food-related discussions, highlighting its importance in Japanese culinary culture.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6352

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unconsciously

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 意Idea 識Knowledge, Discernment

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '無意識 (むいしき)' means 'unconsciously'. It refers to actions or behaviors performed without conscious thought or awareness. This term is often used in psychological contexts or to describe habitual actions. For example: He unconsciously tapped his fingers on the table「彼は無意識にテーブルを指でトントンと叩いていた」(かれはむいしきにテーブルをゆびでとんとんとたたいていた). She unconsciously smiled when she saw the photo「彼女はその写真を見て無意識に笑った」(かのじょはそのしゃしんをみてむいしきにわらった). The term can also be used in broader contexts to describe subconscious processes or states.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6415

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Indifferent

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 関Barrier, Related 心Heart

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '無関心 (むかんしん)' means 'indifferent'. It describes a lack of interest, concern, or care about something. This term is often used to express apathy or disinterest in a particular subject, situation, or person. For example: he is indifferent to politics「彼は政治に無関心だ」(かれはせいじにむかんしんだ). She showed no interest in the matter「彼女はその問題に無関心だった」(かのじょはそのもんだいにむかんしんだった). The word can also imply a deliberate choice to ignore or not engage with something. It is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6486

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unrelated

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 関Barrier, Related 係Person in charge, Connection

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '無関係 (むかんけい)' means 'unrelated'. It is used to describe something that has no connection or relevance to a particular matter or situation. This term is often used in both formal and informal contexts to indicate that a subject is not involved or pertinent. For example: That topic is unrelated to our discussion「その話題は私たちの議論と無関係です」(そのわだいはわたしたちのぎろんとむかんけいです). He is completely unrelated to the incident「彼はその事件と全く無関係です」(かれはそのじけんとまったくむかんけいです). The term can also be used to describe people, events, or objects that are not connected in any way.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6490

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Envious

Reading

Kanji

羨Jealousy, Envy

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '羨ましい (うらやましい)' means 'envious'. It is used to express a feeling of envy or jealousy towards someone else's possessions, qualities, or circumstances. This word is often used in social contexts where one person has something that another person desires. For example: I am envious of your new car「あなたの新しい車が羨ましい」(あなたのあたらしいくるまがうらやましい). She is envious of her friend's success「彼女は友達の成功を羨ましいと思っている」(かのじょはともだちのせいこうをうらやましいとおもっている). It is important to note that while '羨ましい' can sometimes carry a negative connotation, it can also be used in a more light-hearted or joking manner among friends.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6508

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strange

Reading

Kanji

可Possible 笑Laugh

Explanation

The Japanese determiner '可笑しな (おかしな)' means 'strange' or 'odd'. It is used to describe something that is unusual, peculiar, or out of the ordinary. This word often carries a slightly humorous or lighthearted nuance, depending on the context. For example: That's a strange story「それは可笑しな話だ」(それはおかしなはなしだ). He has a strange habit「彼は可笑しな癖がある」(かれはおかしなくせがある). Note that '可笑しな' is typically used before a noun to describe its quality, as in '可笑しな人 (おかしなひと) (strange person)'.

Part Of Speech

determiner

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6509

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Basket

Reading

Kanji

籠Cage, Basket

Explanation

The Japanese noun '籠 (かご)' refers to a 'basket', typically made of woven materials like bamboo or straw. It is used to carry or store items, and can vary in size and shape depending on its purpose. For example: I bought a basket at the market「市場で籠を買いました」(いちばでかごをかいました). The fruits are in the basket「果物は籠の中です」(くだものはかごのなかです). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that holds or contains items, such as a 'basket of ideas'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6510

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

When

Reading

Kanji

何What 時Time, Hour 頃Approximate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '何時頃 (いつごろ)' means 'when' or 'around what time'. It is used to ask about an approximate time or period. This word is often used in casual conversations to inquire about the timing of events or actions. For example: When will you arrive?「何時頃に到着しますか？」(いつごろにとうちゃくしますか？). Around what time does the meeting start?「会議は何時頃始まりますか？」(かいぎはいつごろはじまりますか？). Note that '何時頃' is more casual and approximate compared to '何時 (なんじ)', which asks for a specific time.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6519

Composition

kanji

Handwriting