word

Meaning

Before, Previously

Reading

Kanji

以By means of 前Before, Front

Explanation

The Japanese noun '以前 (いぜん)' refers to a time or period before a specific point in the past. It is often used to indicate something that happened prior to a certain event or time. For example: I lived in Tokyo before「以前、東京に住んでいました」(いぜん、とうきょうにすんでいました). This situation was different previously「以前はこの状況は違いました」(いぜんはこのじょうきょうはちがいました). The word can also be used to compare past and present states, emphasizing a change over time.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

574

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bank

Reading

Kanji

銀Silver 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese noun '銀行 (ぎんこう)' refers to a financial institution where people deposit, withdraw, or borrow money. It is commonly used in everyday conversations when discussing financial matters. For example: I went to the bank「銀行に行きました」(ぎんこうにいきました). The bank is closed today「銀行は今日休みです」(ぎんこうはきょうやすみです). This word is essential for discussing banking services, such as opening an account or applying for a loan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

575

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lunch break

Reading

Kanji

昼Daytime, Noon 休Rest

Explanation

The Japanese noun '昼休み (ひるやすみ)' refers to a 'lunch break' or 'midday break'. It is commonly used to describe the break time during the day, typically around noon, when people take a pause from work or school to eat lunch and rest. This term is widely used in both professional and educational settings. For example: I will go to the park during lunch break「昼休みに公園に行きます」(ひるやすみにこうえんにいきます). Let's meet at the cafeteria during the lunch break「昼休みにカフェテリアで会いましょう」(ひるやすみにカフェテリアであいましょう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

578

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Before noon

Reading

Kanji

昼Daytime, Noon 前Before, Front

Explanation

The Japanese noun '昼前 (ひるまえ)' refers to the time period before noon, typically indicating late morning. It is used to describe a specific time frame in the day, often in contexts where timing is important. For example: I will arrive before noon「昼前に到着します」(ひるまえにとうちゃくします). Let's meet before noon「昼前に会いましょう」(ひるまえにあいましょう). This term is useful for scheduling and planning activities that need to occur in the late morning hours.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

579

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Every night

Reading

Kanji

毎Every 晩Evening, Nightfall

Explanation

The Japanese noun '毎晩 (まいばん)' means 'every night'. It is used to indicate that something happens or is done each night without exception. This word is often used in daily conversations to describe routines or habitual actions. For example: I read a book every night「毎晩本を読みます」(まいばんほんをよみます). She calls me every night「彼女は毎晩電話をくれます」(かのじょはまいばんでんわをくれます). The word '毎晩' is a combination of '毎' (every) and '晩' (night), and it is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

581

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Character, Letter

Reading

Kanji

文Sentence 字Character

Explanation

The Japanese noun '文字 (もじ)' refers to a 'letter' or 'character' in a writing system. It can denote individual letters of the alphabet, kanji, hiragana, katakana, or any other written symbols used in language. This word is often used in contexts discussing writing, reading, or language learning. For example: I can read Japanese characters「私は日本語の文字が読めます」(わたしはにほんごのもじがよめます). This book has many difficult characters「この本は難しい文字が多い」(このほんはむずかしいもじがおおい). The word '文字' is essential when talking about written language and is commonly used in educational settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

582

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tree

Reading

Kanji

木Tree, Wood

Explanation

The Japanese noun '木 (き)' means 'tree'. This word is used to refer to a tree as a plant, or to wood as a material. It can be used in various contexts, such as describing nature, furniture, or construction. For example: There is a big tree in the park「公園に大きな木がある」(こうえんにおおきなきがある). This table is made of wood「このテーブルは木でできている」(このテーブルはきでできている). The word '木' can also be part of compound words, such as '木曜日 (もくようび)' (Thursday) or '木工 (もっこう)' (woodworking).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

584

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Interior

Reading

Kanji

奥Core, Heart

Explanation

The Japanese noun '奥 (おく)' refers to the 'interior' or 'inner part' of something, often implying depth or a hidden area. It is commonly used to describe the back or deeper parts of a space, such as a room, house, or even a forest. For example: the interior of the house「家の奥」(いえのおく). It can also be used metaphorically to describe something profound or not easily understood, such as the depths of one's heart. For example: the depths of her heart「彼女の心の奥」(かのじょのこころのおく). This word carries a nuance of something being concealed or not immediately visible.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

585

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reality

Reading

Kanji

現Appear, Current 実Fruit, Truth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '現実 (げんじつ)' means 'reality'. It refers to the state of things as they actually exist, as opposed to an idealistic or notional idea of them. This word is often used in philosophical discussions, everyday conversations, and literature to contrast with concepts like dreams, illusions, or expectations. For example: He faced reality「彼は現実に直面した」(かれはげんじつにちょくめんした). The reality is harsh「現実は厳しい」(げんじつはきびしい). It's important to note that '現実' can be used in various contexts, from personal experiences to broader societal observations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

586

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

City

Reading

Kanji

都Metropolis 市City, Market

Explanation

The Japanese noun '都市 (とし)' refers to a 'city', typically a large and densely populated urban area. It is used to describe major urban centers, often in contrast to rural areas or smaller towns. The term carries a sense of modernity, infrastructure, and economic activity. Example sentences: Tokyo is a big city「東京は大きな都市です」(とうきょうはおおきなとしです). Many people move to cities for work「多くの人が仕事のために都市に引っ越します」(おおくのひとがしごとのためにとしにひっこします).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

587

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

River

Reading

Kanji

川River

Explanation

The Japanese noun '川 (かわ)' means 'river'. It refers to a natural flowing watercourse, typically freshwater, flowing towards an ocean, sea, lake, or another river. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and place names. For example: The river is wide「川は広い」(かわはひろい). I crossed the river「川を渡った」(かわをわたった). The word '川' is often used in compound words, such as '川岸 (かわぎし)' meaning 'riverbank' or '川下り (かわくだり)' meaning 'river descent'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

588

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dinner

Reading

Kanji

夕Evening 飯Cooked rice, Food

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夕飯 (ゆうはん)' refers to the evening meal, commonly known as 'dinner'. It is a compound of '夕 (ゆう)', meaning 'evening', and '飯 (はん)', meaning 'meal' or 'cooked rice'. This word is used in everyday conversation to refer to the main meal eaten in the evening. For example: Let's eat dinner「夕飯を食べましょう」(ゆうはんをたべましょう). What's for dinner tonight?「今夜の夕飯は何ですか？」(こんやのゆうはんはなんですか？). It is a neutral term and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

589

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Face, Surface

Reading

Kanji

面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '面 (めん)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'face', referring to the front part of a person's head. For example: He has a kind face「彼は優しい面をしている」(かれはやさしいめんをしている). The second meaning is 'surface', referring to the outer or top layer of an object. For example: The surface of the water is calm「水面は穏やかだ」(すいめんはおだやかだ). This word can also be used in compound words to denote specific types of surfaces or faces, such as '水面 (すいめん)' (water surface) or '顔面 (がんめん)' (facial surface).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

590

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flower viewing

Reading

Kanji

花Flower 見See

Explanation

The Japanese noun '花見 (はなみ)' refers to the traditional custom of enjoying the beauty of flowers, particularly cherry blossoms (桜, さくら). This activity is deeply rooted in Japanese culture and typically involves gathering with friends or family under blooming cherry trees, often accompanied by food, drinks, and celebration. It is most commonly associated with spring, when cherry blossoms are in full bloom. Example sentences: Let's go flower viewing「花見に行きましょう」(はなみにいきましょう). The flower viewing party was fun「花見のパーティーは楽しかった」(はなみのパーティーはたのしかった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

592

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Way of speaking

Reading

Kanji

言Say 方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '言い方 (いいかた)' refers to the 'way of speaking' or 'manner of expression'. It describes how something is said, including tone, phrasing, or choice of words. This word is often used to discuss communication styles or to give feedback on how someone expresses themselves. For example: His way of speaking is polite「彼の言い方は丁寧です」(かれのいいかたはていねいです). Please change your way of speaking「言い方を変えてください」(いいかたをかえてください). It can also imply nuance, as in '言い方が悪い (いいかたがわるい)' which means 'the way it was said was bad' or 'it was phrased poorly'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

593

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

System

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'システム (しすてむ)' means 'system'. It refers to a set of connected things or parts forming a complex whole, such as a computer system, organizational system, or any structured arrangement. This word is often used in technical, business, or everyday contexts. For example: The new computer system is efficient「新しいコンピュータシステムは効率的です」(あたらしいコンピュータしすてむはこうりつてきです). The company has a good management system「その会社は良い経営システムを持っています」(そのかいしゃはよいけいえいしすてむをもっています). Note that 'システム' is a loanword from English, and its usage is similar to the English word 'system'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

594

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Period

Reading

Kanji

時Time, Hour 期Time, Period

Explanation

The Japanese noun '時期 (じき)' refers to a specific period or time frame. It is often used to denote a particular season, era, or phase in time. This word can be applied in various contexts, such as historical periods, seasonal changes, or stages in a process. For example: the cherry blossom season is the best period to visit Japan「桜の時期は日本を訪れるのに最適な時期です」(さくらのじきはにほんをおとずれるのにさいてきなじきです). The period of economic growth was short「経済成長の時期は短かった」(けいざいせいちょうのじきはみじかかった). It's important to note that '時期' can also imply a sense of timing or appropriateness, as in 'the right time' or 'the right period' for something to occur.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

595

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Organization, Engine

Reading

Kanji

機Machine, Opportunity 関Barrier, Related

Explanation

The Japanese noun '機関 (きかん)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning refers to an 'organization' or 'institution', often used in the context of public or official bodies. For example: The research institute is a government organization「その研究所は政府の機関です」(そのけんきゅうじょはせいふのきかんです). The second meaning refers to an 'engine' or 'mechanism', typically used in the context of machinery or vehicles. For example: The train's engine is very powerful「その電車の機関はとても強力です」(そのでんしゃのきかんはとてもきょうりょくです). The context in which '機関' is used will determine whether it refers to an organization or an engine.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

596

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Table

Reading

Kanji

表Surface, Express

Explanation

The Japanese noun '表 (ひょう)' means 'table'. This word is used to refer to a structured arrangement of data, typically in rows and columns, often used for organizing information. It is commonly seen in contexts such as spreadsheets, charts, or schedules. For example: Please check the table「表を確認してください」(ひょうをかくにんしてください). The data is summarized in this table「データはこの表にまとめられています」(データはこのひょうにまとめられています). Note that '表' can also refer to a 'surface' or 'front' in other contexts, but this meaning is less common and unrelated to the primary meaning of 'table'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

597

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reading

Reading

Kanji

読Read 方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '読み方 (よみかた)' refers to the way or method of reading something, particularly in terms of pronunciation or interpretation. It is commonly used when discussing how to read kanji, words, or texts. For example: What is the reading of this kanji?「この漢字の読み方は何ですか？」(このかんじのよみかたはなんですか？). The reading of this word is difficult「この言葉の読み方は難しい」(このことばのよみかたはむずかしい). This term is essential in language learning and is often used in educational contexts to clarify pronunciation or meaning.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

599

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Light

Reading

Kanji

光Light

Explanation

The Japanese noun '光 (ひかり)' means 'light'. It refers to the natural or artificial illumination that makes things visible. This word is often used in both literal and metaphorical contexts, such as describing sunlight, the light from a lamp, or even hope and enlightenment. For example: the light of the sun is bright「太陽の光は明るい」(たいようのひかりはあかるい). She is the light of my life「彼女は私の人生の光だ」(かのじょはわたしのじんせいのひかりだ). The word can also appear in compound nouns, such as '月光 (げっこう)' (moonlight) or '光線 (こうせん)' (light rays).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

600

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Condition

Reading

Kanji

条Clause 件Matter, Affair

Explanation

The Japanese noun '条件 (じょうけん)' means 'condition'. It refers to a requirement, stipulation, or prerequisite that must be met for something to happen or be valid. This word is commonly used in contexts such as contracts, agreements, or when setting rules. For example: The condition for approval is hard work「承認の条件は努力です」(しょうにんのじょうけんはどりょくです). We agreed on the terms and conditions「私たちは条件に合意しました」(わたしたちはじょうけんにごういしました). It can also be used in everyday situations, such as discussing conditions for a job or a relationship.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

601

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Role

Reading

Kanji

役Duty

Explanation

The Japanese noun '役 (やく)' primarily means 'role'. It is used to describe a part or function that someone or something has in a particular situation, such as in a play, job, or society. For example: He played the role of a villain「彼は悪役を演じた」(かれはあくやくをえんじた). This word can also refer to a duty or responsibility, as in: It's my role to take care of the children「子供の世話をするのは私の役です」(こどものせわをするのはわたしのやくです). Additionally, '役' can be used in compound words like '役割 (やくわり)' which also means 'role' or 'function'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

604

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Romaji

Reading

Kanji

字Character

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ローマ字 (ろーまじ)' refers to the Roman alphabet or the Latin script used to write Japanese words. It is commonly used to represent Japanese sounds using the letters A-Z, making it easier for non-Japanese speakers to read and pronounce Japanese words. For example: Please write your name in romaji「名前をローマ字で書いてください」(なまえをろーまじでかいてください). This word is romaji「この単語はローマ字です」(このたんごはろーまじです). Romaji is often used in language learning materials, signage, and for inputting Japanese text on computers and smartphones.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

605

Composition

kanji-hiragana-katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ratio, Rate

Reading

Kanji

率Command, Proportion

Explanation

The Japanese noun '率 (りつ)' refers to a 'rate' or 'ratio'. It is commonly used in contexts involving statistics, mathematics, or comparisons. For example: the unemployment rate「失業率」(しつぎょうりつ). The success rate is high「成功率が高い」(せいこうりつがたかい). This word is often combined with other nouns to form compound terms, such as 'growth rate' (成長率, せいちょうりつ) or 'interest rate' (利率, りりつ). Note that while 'rate' and 'ratio' are closely related, they are distinct concepts: 'rate' often implies a measure over time, while 'ratio' is a comparative measure between two quantities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

606

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Head, Neck

Reading

Kanji

首Neck

Explanation

The Japanese noun '首 (くび)' primarily means 'neck', referring to the part of the body connecting the head to the rest of the body. It can also mean 'head' in certain contexts, such as when referring to the leader of an organization or group. For example: my neck hurts「首が痛い」(くびがいたい). The company's head resigned「会社の首が辞任した」(かいしゃのくびがじにんした). The word can also be used metaphorically, as in 'to save one's neck (to avoid trouble)'「首をすくめる」(くびをすくめる).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

608

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Way of writing

Reading

Kanji

書Write 方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '書き方 (かきかた)' refers to the 'way of writing' or 'method of writing'. It is often used to describe the style, technique, or rules of writing something, such as calligraphy, essays, or even kanji. For example: The way of writing kanji is difficult「漢字の書き方は難しい」(かんじのかきかたはむずかしい). She taught me the correct way of writing a letter「彼女は手紙の正しい書き方を教えてくれた」(かのじょはてがみのただしいかきかたをおしえてくれた). This word is commonly used in educational contexts or when discussing writing techniques.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

609

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Work

Reading

Kanji

作Make 品Product

Explanation

The Japanese noun '作品 (さくひん)' refers to a 'work' or 'piece of art', typically created by an artist, writer, or creator. It is commonly used to describe creative outputs such as paintings, sculptures, literature, music, or films. For example: This is a famous work of art「これは有名な作品です」(これはゆうめいなさくひんです). I want to see his latest work「彼の最新の作品を見たいです」(かれのさいしんのさくひんをみたいです). The word emphasizes the creative or artistic nature of the output and is often used in contexts related to art, culture, and entertainment.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

610

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Occasion

Reading

Kanji

際Occasion

Explanation

The Japanese noun '際 (さい)' refers to a specific moment, occasion, or juncture. It is often used to describe a critical or significant point in time when something happens or is about to happen. For example: at the time of departure「出発の際」(しゅっぱつのさい). On the occasion of the meeting「会議の際」(かいぎのさい). This word can also imply a sense of urgency or importance, as in 'in case of emergency'「緊急の際」(きんきゅうのさい). It is commonly used in formal or written contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

613

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Friend

Reading

Kanji

友Friend 達Attain, Plural

Explanation

The Japanese noun '友達 (ともだち)' means 'friend'. It refers to a person whom one knows, likes, and trusts. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and is neutral in terms of formality. It can be used to describe both close friends and casual acquaintances. For example: I have many friends「友達がたくさんいます」(ともだちがたくさんいます). She is my best friend「彼女は私の親友です」(かのじょはわたしのしんゆうです). Note that '友達' is often used in informal contexts, while '友人 (ゆうじん)' is a more formal alternative.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

614

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Market

Reading

Kanji

市City, Market 場Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '市場 (しじょう)' primarily means 'market'. This word refers to a physical place where goods are bought and sold, such as a farmer's market or a fish market. It can also refer to an economic market, such as the stock market or a specific industry market. For example: I went to the fish market「魚市場に行きました」(さかなしじょうにいきました). The stock market is unstable today「株式市場は今日不安定です」(かぶしきしじょうはきょうふあんていです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a competitive environment, such as in 'the job market'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

617

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

How many

Reading

Kanji

幾Some, How many

Explanation

The Japanese noun '幾 (いく)' is an archaic or literary term meaning 'how many' or 'several'. It is often used in formal or poetic contexts to express an indefinite quantity or to ask about the number of something. For example: how many years have passed?「幾年の歳月が過ぎたか」(いくねんのさいげつがすぎたか). It can also be used in compound words like '幾何 (きか)' meaning 'geometry'. Note that this word is rarely used in modern conversational Japanese and is more common in written or classical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

622

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Intention

Reading

Kanji

積Accumulate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '積り (つもり)' means 'intention' or 'plan'. It is used to express one's intention or plan to do something in the future. It often follows a verb in its dictionary form or past tense to indicate what someone intends to do or thought they did. For example: I intend to go to Japan「日本に行くつもりです」(にほんにいくつもりです). I thought I had locked the door「ドアを閉めたつもりです」(ドアをしめたつもりです). It can also be used to express a mistaken belief or assumption, as in 'I thought I had explained it clearly「はっきり説明したつもりです」(はっきりせつめいしたつもりです)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

623

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Below, Less

Reading

Kanji

以By means of 下Down

Explanation

The Japanese noun '以下 (いか)' is used to indicate something that is 'below' or 'less than' a certain threshold, limit, or reference point. It is often used in contexts involving rankings, quantities, or standards. For example: children aged 10 and below「10歳以下の子供」(じゅっさいいかのこども). The temperature is below freezing「温度は氷点以下です」(おんどはひょうてんいかです). Note that '以下' can also imply 'inferior' or 'not exceeding' in certain contexts, such as in quality or performance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

625

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dream

Reading

Kanji

夢Dream

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夢 (ゆめ)' primarily means 'dream'. It can refer to the dreams one experiences while sleeping, as well as aspirations or hopes for the future. For example: I had a strange dream last night「昨夜、変な夢を見た」(さくや、へんなゆめをみた). Her dream is to become a doctor「彼女の夢は医者になることです」(かのじょのゆめはいしゃになることです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that feels unreal or fantastical, such as 'a dreamlike scenery' (夢のような景色 - ゆめのようなけしき).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

627

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Alcohol, Sake

Reading

Kanji

酒Alcohol, Sake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '酒 (さけ)' primarily refers to alcoholic beverages in general, but it can also specifically denote 'sake', the traditional Japanese rice wine. This word is commonly used in various contexts, from casual conversations to formal settings. For example: I like alcohol「私は酒が好きです」(わたしはさけがすきです). Let's drink sake tonight「今夜は酒を飲みましょう」(こんやはさけをのみましょう). The term can also appear in compound words, such as '日本酒 (にほんしゅ)' meaning 'Japanese sake'. It's important to note that while '酒' can refer to any alcoholic drink, in many contexts it specifically implies sake, especially when used in traditional or cultural settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

632

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chapter

Reading

Kanji

章Chapter, Badge

Explanation

The Japanese noun '章 (しょう)' primarily means 'chapter'. It is used to refer to a main division of a book, typically with a number or title. This term is commonly found in academic texts, novels, and other written works. For example: Please read chapter three「第三章を読んでください」(だいさんしょうをよんでください). The final chapter was very interesting「最終章はとても面白かった」(さいしゅうしょうはとてもおもしろかった). Additionally, '章' can sometimes be used metaphorically to describe a phase or period in life or history, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

634

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bus

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'バス (ばす)' means 'bus'. It refers to a large motor vehicle used for transporting passengers, typically along a fixed route. This word is a loanword from English, and it is commonly used in everyday conversation. Example sentences: I took the bus to school「バスで学校に行きました」(ばすでがっこうにいきました). The bus is late today「今日はバスが遅れています」(きょうはばすがおくれています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

635

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Emperor

Reading

Kanji

天Heaven 皇Emperor

Explanation

The Japanese noun '天皇 (てんのう)' refers to the 'emperor' of Japan, specifically the hereditary monarch who serves as the symbolic head of state. This term is deeply rooted in Japanese history and culture, and the emperor is considered a unifying figure for the nation. For example: The emperor visited the shrine「天皇が神社を訪れた」(てんのうがじんじゃをおとずれた). The emperor's role is largely ceremonial「天皇の役割は主に儀式的です」(てんのうのやくわりはおもにぎしきてきです). The term is also used in historical contexts to refer to past emperors.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

637

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Station staff

Reading

Kanji

駅Station 員Member

Explanation

The Japanese noun '駅員 (えきいん)' refers to 'station staff' or 'station employee'. This term is used to describe personnel who work at train or subway stations, assisting passengers, managing ticket sales, and ensuring the smooth operation of the station. For example: The station staff helped me find the right platform「駅員が正しいホームを教えてくれた」(えきいんがただしいホームをおしえてくれた). I asked the station staff for directions「駅員に道を聞いた」(えきいんにみちをきいた). This word is commonly used in daily conversations, especially when discussing travel or commuting.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

638

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

International

Reading

Kanji

国Country 際Occasion

Explanation

The Japanese noun '国際 (こくさい)' means 'international'. It refers to matters or activities involving multiple countries or nations. This word is commonly used in contexts such as international relations, international trade, or international events. For example: international conference「国際会議」(こくさいかいぎ). international cooperation「国際協力」(こくさいきょうりょく). It is important to note that '国際' is often used as a prefix or modifier in compound nouns to indicate an international aspect, such as '国際社会 (こくさいしゃかい) (international community)' or '国際問題 (こくさいもんだい) (international issue)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

641

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accident

Reading

Kanji

交Mix 通Commute, Pass 事Thing 故Reason, Deceased

Explanation

The Japanese noun '交通事故 (こうつうじこ)' refers to a 'traffic accident'. It is commonly used to describe incidents involving vehicles, such as cars, motorcycles, or bicycles, that result in damage, injury, or death. This term is often seen in news reports, legal contexts, or everyday conversations about road safety. For example: There was a traffic accident on the highway「高速道路で交通事故があった」(こうそくどうろでこうつうじこがあった). The traffic accident caused a major delay「その交通事故で大渋滞が起きた」(そのこうつうじこでだいじゅうたいがおきた). It is important to note that this term specifically refers to accidents involving vehicles and not other types of accidents.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

642

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Land

Reading

Kanji

土Soil 地Ground

Explanation

The Japanese noun '土地 (とち)' refers to 'land' or 'a plot of land'. It is commonly used to describe a piece of ground, often in the context of real estate, agriculture, or geography. For example: This land is fertile「この土地は肥沃だ」(このとちはひよくだ). They bought a piece of land「彼らは土地を買った」(かれらはとちをかった). The word can also imply a specific area or region, such as in '土地の歴史 (とちのれきし) (history of the land)'. It is important to note that '土地' is neutral and does not inherently imply ownership unless specified.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

643

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Roadway

Reading

Kanji

車Car 道Way

Explanation

The Japanese noun '車道 (しゃどう)' refers to the part of the road designated for vehicles, as opposed to sidewalks or pedestrian paths. It is commonly used in contexts related to traffic, driving, or road safety. For example: cars drive on the roadway「車は車道を走る」(くるまはしゃどうをはしる). Bicycles are not allowed on the roadway here「ここでは自転車は車道を走れません」(ここではじてんしゃはしゃどうをはしれません). The term emphasizes the distinction between areas for vehicles and those for pedestrians.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

645

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cause

Reading

Kanji

原Meadow, Original 因Cause

Explanation

The Japanese noun '原因 (げんいん)' means 'cause'. It refers to the reason or source behind an event, situation, or phenomenon. This word is often used in both formal and informal contexts to explain why something happened. For example: the cause of the accident is unknown「事故の原因は不明です」(じこのげんいんはふめいです). Stress is the cause of his illness「ストレスが彼の病気の原因です」(ストレスがかれのびょうきのげんいんです). It can also be used in compound phrases like '根本原因 (こんぽんげんいん)' (root cause) to emphasize the primary source of an issue.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

647

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Everyday

Reading

Kanji

毎Every 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '毎日 (まいにち)' means 'everyday' or 'daily'. It refers to something that occurs or is done every day, without exception. This word is commonly used to describe routines, habits, or recurring events. For example: I study Japanese every day「毎日日本語を勉強します」(まいにちにほんごをべんきょうします). She goes for a walk every day「彼女は毎日散歩します」(かのじょはまいにちさんぽします). Note that '毎日' is often used with verbs to indicate daily actions, as in '毎日食べる (まいにちたべる) (to eat every day)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

648

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Police

Reading

Kanji

警Warn 察Guess

Explanation

The Japanese noun '警察 (けいさつ)' refers to the police or law enforcement. It is used to describe the organization responsible for maintaining public order and safety, as well as enforcing laws. For example: The police arrived quickly「警察がすぐに来た」(けいさつがすぐにきた). I reported it to the police「警察に報告した」(けいさつにほうこくした). This term is commonly used in contexts involving crime, safety, and legal matters.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

649

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Life

Reading

Kanji

人Person 生Life

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人生 (じんせい)' refers to 'life' in the sense of a person's existence, experiences, and journey from birth to death. It is often used in philosophical or reflective contexts to discuss the course or quality of one's life. For example: Life is short「人生は短い」(じんせいはみじかい). He has lived a fulfilling life「彼は充実した人生を送った」(かれはじゅうじつしたじんせいをおくった). The word can also be used in expressions like '人生観 (じんせいかん)' (view of life) or '人生の目標 (じんせいのもくひょう)' (life goals).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

650

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Patient

Reading

Kanji

患Ill, Afflicted 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '患者 (かんじゃ)' refers to a 'patient', specifically someone who is receiving medical treatment or care. This term is commonly used in medical contexts, such as hospitals, clinics, or when discussing health-related matters. For example: The patient is resting「患者は休んでいます」(かんじゃはやすんでいます). The doctor is examining the patient「医者は患者を診察しています」(いしゃはかんじゃをしんさつしています). It is important to note that '患者' is a neutral term and does not carry any specific connotation beyond its medical meaning.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

653

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Death

Reading

Kanji

死Death

Explanation

The Japanese noun '死 (し)' means 'death'. It refers to the end of life, the cessation of all biological functions that sustain a living organism. This word is often used in serious or somber contexts, such as discussions about mortality, loss, or existential topics. For example: the death of a loved one「愛する人の死」(あいするひとのし). He faced death bravely「彼は勇敢に死と向き合った」(かれはゆうかんにしとむきあった). The concept of death is universal, but in Japanese culture, it often carries additional layers of meaning, such as respect for ancestors and the impermanence of life.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

654

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sidewalk

Reading

Kanji

歩Walk 道Way

Explanation

The Japanese noun '歩道 (ほどう)' refers to a 'sidewalk' or 'pedestrian walkway'. It is specifically used to describe a path designated for pedestrians, typically alongside a road. This word is commonly used in urban settings to distinguish pedestrian areas from vehicle traffic. For example: Please walk on the sidewalk「歩道を歩いてください」(ほどうであるいてください). The sidewalk is crowded「歩道が混んでいる」(ほどうがこんでいる). It is important to note that '歩道' is distinct from '車道 (しゃどう)', which refers to the part of the road designated for vehicles.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

655

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Period

Reading

Kanji

期Time, Period 間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese noun '期間 (きかん)' refers to a specific span or duration of time. It is commonly used to indicate the length of time during which something occurs or is valid. For example: the contract period「契約期間」(けいやくきかん). The festival period「祭りの期間」(まつりのきかん). This term is often used in formal contexts, such as business, legal, or academic settings, to specify time frames. It can also be used in everyday conversation to describe the duration of events or activities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

657

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Next, This

Reading

Kanji

今Now 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese noun '今度 (こんど)' can mean either 'next' or 'this', depending on the context. When referring to an upcoming event or time, it means 'next', as in 'next time' or 'next week'. When referring to the current or most recent event, it means 'this', as in 'this time' or 'this occasion'. For example: I'll do better next time「今度はもっと頑張ります」(こんどはもっとがんばります). This time was fun「今度は楽しかった」(こんどはたのしかった). The word is versatile and commonly used in both casual and formal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

658

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

How many times, What degree

Reading

Kanji

何What 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese noun '何度 (なんど)' can mean 'how many times' or 'what degree'. When used to ask 'how many times', it is often used in questions about frequency or repetition. For example: How many times have you been to Japan?「何度日本に行きましたか？」(なんどにほんにいきましたか？). When used to ask 'what degree', it refers to the extent or level of something, often in the context of temperature or angles. For example: What degree is the angle?「角度は何度ですか？」(かくどはなんどですか？). The meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

660

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Length

Reading

Kanji

長Long, Leader

Explanation

The Japanese noun '長さ (ながさ)' refers to the measurement of something from end to end, commonly translated as 'length'. It is used to describe the physical extent of objects, distances, or even abstract concepts like time. For example: the length of the table「テーブルの長さ」(テーブルのながさ). The length of the movie is two hours「映画の長さは2時間です」(えいがのながさはにじかんです). This word is neutral and can be applied to various contexts, such as measuring objects, describing durations, or discussing dimensions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

668

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Eldest daughter

Reading

Kanji

長Long, Leader 女Woman

Explanation

The Japanese noun '長女 (ちょうじょ)' means 'eldest daughter'. This word refers to the firstborn daughter in a family. It is used to specifically identify the oldest female sibling in relation to her younger siblings. For example: She is my eldest daughter 「彼女は私の長女です」 (かのじょはわたしのちょうじょです). The eldest daughter often has traditional responsibilities within the family 「長女は家族の中で伝統的な責任を持つことが多い」 (ちょうじょはかぞくのなかででんとうてきなせきにんをもつことがおおい). Note that this word is gender-specific and refers only to the eldest female child.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

670

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Forehead

Reading

Kanji

額Amount, Forehead

Explanation

The Japanese noun '額 (ひたい)' refers to the 'forehead', the part of the face above the eyebrows and below the hairline. It is commonly used in everyday conversation and can also appear in idiomatic expressions or descriptive contexts. For example: She has a wide forehead「彼女は額が広い」(かのじょはひたいがひろい). He wiped the sweat from his forehead「彼は額の汗を拭いた」(かれはひたいのあせをぬぐった). The word is straightforward and primarily used in its literal sense.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

671

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Size

Reading

Kanji

広Wide

Explanation

The Japanese noun '広さ (ひろさ)' refers to the extent or size of an area, often translated as 'size' or 'extent'. It is used to describe how large or wide a space is. For example: the size of this park is impressive「この公園の広さはすごい」(このこうえんのひろさはすごい). I was surprised by the size of the room「部屋の広さに驚いた」(へやのひろさにおどろいた). This word is commonly used when discussing physical spaces, such as rooms, parks, or land areas.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

673

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Opinion

Reading

Kanji

意Idea 見See

Explanation

The Japanese noun '意見 (いけん)' means 'opinion'. It refers to a person's thoughts, beliefs, or judgments about a particular topic or issue. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to express one's viewpoint or to discuss differing perspectives. For example: I want to hear your opinion「あなたの意見を聞きたいです」(あなたのいけんをききたいです). His opinion is different from mine「彼の意見は私のと違います」(かれのいけんはわたしのとちがいます). The word can also be used in phrases like '意見を述べる (いけんをのべる)' (to express an opinion) or '意見交換 (いけんこうかん)' (exchange of opinions).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

675

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ability

Reading

Kanji

能Ability 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese noun '能力 (のうりょく)' means 'ability'. It refers to the capacity or skill to do something, whether physical, mental, or technical. This word is often used in contexts related to personal skills, professional competencies, or innate talents. For example: He has the ability to solve problems quickly「彼は問題を素早く解決する能力がある」(かれはもんだいをすばやくかいけつするのうりょくがある). Improving your language ability is important「言語能力を向上させることは重要だ」(げんごのうりょくをこうじょうさせることはじゅうようだ). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as organizational or technological capabilities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

678

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Family, Home

Reading

Kanji

家House 庭Garden

Explanation

The Japanese noun '家庭 (かてい)' refers to both 'home' and 'family', depending on the context. It emphasizes the domestic environment or household, often including the family unit living together. For example: My home is peaceful「私の家庭は平和です」(わたしのかていはへいわです). A happy family「幸せな家庭」(しあわせなかてい). It is commonly used in contexts discussing family life, household management, or domestic situations. The word carries a sense of warmth and togetherness, often implying a close-knit family unit.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

679

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Automatic

Reading

Kanji

自Self 動Move

Explanation

The Japanese noun '自動 (じどう)' means 'automatic'. It refers to something that operates or functions by itself without human intervention. This term is commonly used in contexts related to machinery, devices, or systems that perform tasks automatically. For example: automatic door「自動ドア」(じどうドア). This car has an automatic transmission「この車は自動変速機です」(このくるまはじどうへんそくきです). The word can also be part of compound nouns, such as '自動販売機 (じどうはんばいき)' (vending machine), where it emphasizes the self-operating nature of the device.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

680

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Committee

Reading

Kanji

委Committee 員Member

Explanation

The Japanese noun '委員 (いいん)' refers to a 'committee' or a 'committee member'. It is used to describe a group of people appointed for a specific function or task, or an individual who is part of such a group. This term is commonly used in organizational, academic, and governmental contexts. For example: He is a member of the planning committee「彼は計画委員です」(かれはけいかくいいんです). The committee decided to postpone the event「委員はイベントを延期することに決めました」(いいんはイベントをえんきすることにきめました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

681

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beginning

Reading

Kanji

始Begin

Explanation

The Japanese noun '始め (はじめ)' means 'beginning'. It refers to the start or commencement of something, such as an event, process, or period. This word is often used in contexts where the focus is on the initial stage or the origin of something. For example: the beginning of the story「物語の始め」(ものがたりのはじめ). Let's start from the beginning「始めから始めましょう」(はじめからはじめましょう). It can also be used in phrases like '始めまして (はじめまして)', which is a common greeting meaning 'Nice to meet you' or 'How do you do?' when meeting someone for the first time.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

684

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Master, Husband

Reading

Kanji

主Master 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '主人 (しゅじん)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'husband', used in a formal or traditional context to refer to one's spouse. For example: my husband is kind「主人は優しい」(しゅじんはやさしい). The second meaning is 'master', referring to someone who is in charge, such as the head of a household or the owner of a business. For example: the master of the house「家の主人」(いえのしゅじん). It's important to note that the usage of '主人' to mean 'husband' can sound old-fashioned or overly formal in modern contexts, where '夫 (おっと)' is more commonly used. The term '主人' to mean 'master' is often used in business settings or when referring to the head of a household.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

685

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Foreigner

Reading

Kanji

外Outside 国Country 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '外国人 (がいこくじん)' means 'foreigner'. It refers to a person who is not a citizen of the country in question, typically Japan. This term is neutral and widely used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: There are many foreigners in Tokyo「東京には外国人がたくさんいます」(とうきょうにはがいこくじんがたくさんいます). He is a foreigner「彼は外国人です」(かれはがいこくじんです). The term can sometimes carry nuances depending on context, but it is generally straightforward and descriptive.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

686

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Foreign language

Reading

Kanji

外Outside 国Country 語Language, Word

Explanation

The Japanese noun '外国語 (がいこくご)' means 'foreign language'. This word refers to any language that is not one's native language. It is commonly used in contexts related to language learning, education, or communication with non-native speakers. For example: I am studying a foreign language 「私は外国語を勉強しています」 (わたしはがいこくごをべんきょうしています). He can speak several foreign languages 「彼はいくつかの外国語を話せます」 (かれはいくつかのがいこくごをはなせます). The word is often used in combination with other terms, such as '外国語学習 (がいこくごがくしゅう)' (foreign language study) or '外国語教育 (がいこくごきょういく)' (foreign language education).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

688

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Structure

Reading

Kanji

構Structure, Care 造Make, Build

Explanation

The Japanese noun '構造 (こうぞう)' refers to the 'structure' of something, whether it be physical, organizational, or conceptual. It is used to describe the arrangement and interrelation of parts in a complex entity. For example: the structure of a building「建物の構造」(たてもののこうぞう). The structure of society「社会の構造」(しゃかいのこうぞう). This word is often used in technical, architectural, or sociological contexts to describe how components are organized and function together.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

691

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Policy

Reading

Kanji

政Government, Politics 策Plan, Policy

Explanation

The Japanese noun '政策 (せいさく)' refers to a 'policy', particularly in the context of government or organizational strategies and plans. It is used to describe a course or principle of action adopted or proposed by an authority. For example: The government announced a new economic policy「政府は新しい経済政策を発表した」(せいふはあたらしいけいざいせいさくをはっぴょうした). This company has a strict environmental policy「この会社は厳しい環境政策を持っている」(このかいしゃはきびしいかんきょうせいさくをもっている). The term is often used in formal contexts and can apply to various fields such as economic, social, or foreign policy.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

692

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mother

Reading

Kanji

母Mother 親Parent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '母親 (ははおや)' refers to one's mother, emphasizing the role of a parent. It is often used in formal or written contexts to denote the maternal figure in a family. For example: My mother is kind「私の母親は優しい」(わたしのははおやはやさしい). The mother takes care of the child「母親は子供の世話をする」(ははおやはこどものせわをする). This term carries a sense of respect and responsibility associated with the maternal role.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

693

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Subway

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 下Down 鉄Iron

Explanation

The Japanese noun '地下鉄 (ちかてつ)' means 'subway' or 'underground railway'. It refers to a rapid transit system that operates underground, commonly found in urban areas. This word is used to describe the transportation system itself or to refer to a specific subway line. For example: I take the subway to work「私は地下鉄で仕事に行きます」(わたしはちかてつでしごとにいきます). The subway is crowded in the morning「朝の地下鉄は混んでいます」(あさのちかてつはこんでいます). In Japan, the subway is a popular and efficient mode of transportation, especially in large cities like Tokyo and Osaka.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

696

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beef

Reading

Kanji

牛Cow 肉Meat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '牛肉 (ぎゅうにく)' refers to 'beef', which is the meat from cattle. This term is commonly used in culinary contexts, such as when ordering or discussing dishes that include beef. For example: I ate beef for dinner「夕食に牛肉を食べた」(ゆうしょくにぎゅうにくをたべた). This restaurant serves delicious beef「このレストランは美味しい牛肉を出す」(このレストランはおいしいぎゅうにくをだす). It's important to note that '牛肉' specifically refers to beef, distinguishing it from other types of meat like pork (豚肉, ぶたにく) or chicken (鶏肉, とりにく).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

698

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Appearance, Situation

Reading

Kanji

様Way, Form 子Child

Explanation

The Japanese noun '様子 (ようす)' can mean 'appearance' or 'situation'. It is used to describe the state, condition, or manner in which something appears or occurs. This word is versatile and can be applied to physical appearances, emotional states, or general circumstances. For example: The appearance of the sky is strange「空の様子がおかしい」(そらのようすがおかしい). I want to know the situation「様子を知りたい」(ようすをしりたい). It can also imply observing or checking on something, as in 'Let's see how things go'「様子を見よう」(ようすをみよう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

699

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Page

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ページ (peeji)' means 'page'. It is a loanword from English, commonly used to refer to a single side of a sheet of paper in a book, magazine, or document. It can also refer to a digital page, such as a webpage. Example sentences: Please turn to page 10「10ページを開いてください」(じゅうページをひらいてください). This webpage is very interesting「このウェブページはとても面白い」(このウェブページはとてもおもしろい). Note that 'ページ' is often used in combination with numbers to indicate specific pages, as in '5ページ (ごページ) (page 5)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

700

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Extent, Limit

Reading

Kanji

限Limit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '限り (かぎり)' primarily means 'limit' or 'extent'. It is used to describe the boundary or scope of something, whether physical, temporal, or conceptual. For example: There is no limit to human potential「人間の可能性に限りはない」(にんげんのかのうせいにかぎりはない). As far as I know, he is innocent「私の知る限り、彼は無実です」(わたしのしるかぎり、かれはむじつです). The word can also imply 'as long as' or 'while' in certain contexts, such as: As long as I live, I will protect you「私が生きている限り、あなたを守ります」(わたしがいきているかぎり、あなたをまもります). Note that '限り' is often used in formal or written contexts and carries a nuanced sense of finality or completeness.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

701

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Graph

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'グラフ (gurafu)' means 'graph'. It refers to a visual representation of data, typically using lines, bars, or points to show relationships or trends. This word is commonly used in academic, scientific, and business contexts. For example: Please draw a graph「グラフを描いてください」(ぐらふをかいてください). The graph shows an increase in sales「グラフは売り上げの増加を示しています」(ぐらふはうりあげのぞうかをしめしています). The term is borrowed from English and is widely understood in Japanese contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

704

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chest

Reading

Kanji

胸Chest, Breast

Explanation

The Japanese noun '胸 (むね)' primarily refers to the 'chest' area of the body. It can be used both literally, to describe the physical chest, and metaphorically, to refer to emotions or feelings that one holds deeply, often related to the heart or mind. For example: His chest was injured in the accident「彼の胸は事故でけがをした」(かれのむねはじこでけがをした). She held her feelings close to her chest「彼女は胸に思いを秘めていた」(かのじょはむねにおもいをひめていた). The word can also appear in expressions like '胸が痛い (むねがいたい)', which means 'my heart aches' or 'I feel emotional pain'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

705

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bookstore

Reading

Kanji

本Book, Origin 屋Shop, Roof

Explanation

The Japanese noun '本屋 (ほんや)' means 'bookstore'. It refers to a shop where books are sold. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation when referring to places that sell books, whether they are large chain bookstores or small independent shops. For example: I went to the bookstore「本屋に行きました」(ほんやにいきました). There is a bookstore near the station「駅の近くに本屋があります」(えきのちかくにほんやがあります). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '古本屋 (ふるほんや)', which means 'used bookstore'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

706

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Greengrocer

Reading

Kanji

八Eight 百Hundred 屋Shop, Roof

Explanation

The Japanese noun '八百屋 (やおや)' refers to a 'greengrocer', which is a store or shop that sells fresh vegetables and fruits. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation when referring to places where one can buy produce. Historically, '八百屋' also had a broader meaning, referring to shops that sold a variety of goods, but in modern usage, it is almost exclusively associated with vegetable and fruit shops. Example sentences: I bought vegetables at the greengrocer「八百屋で野菜を買いました」(やおやでやさいをかいました). The greengrocer is closed today「今日は八百屋が閉まっています」(きょうはやおやがしまっています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

708

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soba shop

Reading

Kanji

屋Shop, Roof

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'そば屋 (そばや)' refers to a shop or restaurant that specializes in serving soba, which are thin noodles made from buckwheat flour. These establishments often serve a variety of soba dishes, including both hot and cold preparations. Example sentences: Let's eat at the soba shop「そば屋で食べましょう」(そばやでたべましょう). This soba shop is famous「このそば屋は有名です」(このそばやはゆうめいです). Soba shops are a common sight in Japan, and they are often appreciated for their quick service and the health benefits associated with soba noodles.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

709

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tobacco shop

Reading

Kanji

屋Shop, Roof

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'たばこ屋 (たばこや)' refers to a shop that primarily sells tobacco products, such as cigarettes, cigars, and smoking accessories. These shops are often small, specialized stores that may also sell related items like lighters or rolling papers. Example sentences: I bought cigarettes at the tobacco shop「たばこ屋でたばこを買いました」(たばこやでたばこをかいました). There is a tobacco shop near the station「駅の近くにたばこ屋があります」(えきのちかくにたばこやがあります).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

711

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Post

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ポスト (posuto)' primarily refers to a 'post' or 'mailbox'. It is commonly used to describe the physical box where letters and packages are deposited for delivery. For example: Please put the letter in the post「手紙をポストに入れてください」(てがみをぽすとにいれてください). Additionally, 'ポスト' can also refer to a position or role within an organization, such as a job post. For example: He was appointed to the post of manager「彼はマネージャーのポストに任命された」(かれはまねーじゃーのぽすとににんめいされた). The word is borrowed from English and retains similar meanings in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

713

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tea

Reading

Kanji

茶Tea

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'お茶 (おちゃ)' refers to 'tea', a common beverage made from steeping tea leaves in hot water. It is widely consumed in Japan and holds cultural significance, often associated with hospitality and relaxation. The term can refer to various types of tea, including green tea (緑茶, りょくちゃ), matcha (抹茶, まっちゃ), and others. Example sentences: Let's have some tea「お茶を飲みましょう」(おちゃをのみましょう). This tea is delicious「このお茶は美味しい」(このおちゃはおいしい). Note that 'お茶' is often used in polite or formal contexts, and the 'お' prefix adds a sense of politeness.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

716

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Teacup

Reading

Kanji

茶Tea

Explanation

The Japanese noun '茶わん (ちゃわん)' refers to a 'teacup', specifically a cup used for drinking tea. It is commonly used in the context of traditional Japanese tea ceremonies or everyday tea drinking. The word can also refer to rice bowls in some contexts, but its primary meaning is a teacup. Example sentences: Please pass me the teacup「茶わんを取ってください」(ちゃわんをとってください). This teacup is beautiful「この茶わんはきれいです」(このちゃわんはきれいです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

718

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Weekend

Reading

Kanji

週Week 末End

Explanation

The Japanese noun '週末 (しゅうまつ)' means 'weekend'. It refers to the period from Saturday to Sunday, which is typically a time for rest, leisure, or personal activities in Japan. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to discuss plans or activities during this time. For example: I will go shopping this weekend「今週末は買い物に行きます」(こんしゅうまつはかいものにいきます). How was your weekend?「週末はどうでしたか？」(しゅうまつはどうでしたか？). The word is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

724

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Medicine

Reading

Kanji

薬Medicine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '薬 (くすり)' refers to 'medicine' or 'drugs'. It is used to describe substances taken to treat or prevent illness or disease. This word can refer to both Western and traditional Japanese medicine. For example: I took medicine「薬を飲みました」(くすりをのみました). This medicine is effective「この薬は効きます」(このくすりはききます). It can also be used in a broader sense to refer to something that provides relief or a solution, such as 'a remedy' or 'a cure'. For instance: Laughter is the best medicine「笑いは最高の薬です」(わらいはさいこうのくすりです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

727

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Here and there

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'あちこち' refers to various places or locations, often implying movement or distribution across different areas. It is commonly used to describe situations where someone or something is moving around or scattered in multiple places. For example: I looked for my keys here and there「鍵をあちこち探した」(かぎをあちこちさがした). There are flowers blooming here and there「あちこちに花が咲いている」(あちこちにはながさいている). This word can also imply a sense of disorder or randomness in the distribution of things or actions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

728

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Office work

Reading

Kanji

事Thing 務Duty, Task

Explanation

The Japanese noun '事務 (じむ)' refers to 'office work' or 'administrative tasks'. It is commonly used to describe tasks related to managing paperwork, organizing schedules, or handling general administrative duties in an office setting. For example: I handle office work「私は事務を担当しています」(わたしはじむをたんとうしています). Office work is busy today「今日は事務が忙しい」(きょうはじむがいそがしい). This word is often used in professional contexts and can be combined with other words to form compound nouns, such as '事務所 (じむしょ)' (office) or '事務員 (じむいん)' (office worker).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

731

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Composition

Reading

Kanji

作Make 文Sentence

Explanation

The Japanese noun '作文 (さくぶん)' refers to a written composition or essay. It is commonly used in educational contexts, where students are asked to write essays on various topics. The word can also refer to the act of writing itself. For example: I wrote a composition「作文を書きました」(さくぶんをかきました). Her composition was excellent「彼女の作文は素晴らしかった」(かのじょのさくぶんはすばらしかった). The teacher assigned a composition for homework「先生は宿題に作文を出しました」(せんせいはしゅくだいにさくぶんをだしました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

732

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Transportation cost

Reading

Kanji

交Mix 通Commute, Pass 費Expense

Explanation

The Japanese noun '交通費 (こうつうひ)' refers to the cost or expenses related to transportation. This term is commonly used in contexts such as business trips, commuting, or any situation where transportation costs are incurred and reimbursed. For example: The company will cover my transportation costs「会社が私の交通費を負担します」(かいしゃがわたしのこうつうひをふたんします). Please submit your transportation expenses by the end of the month「月末までに交通費を提出してください」(げつまつまでにこうつうひをていしゅつしてください).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

735

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Eraser

Reading

Kanji

消Extinguish

Explanation

The Japanese noun '消しゴム (けしごむ)' refers to an 'eraser', specifically the kind used to erase pencil marks. It is a common item found in schools and offices. The word is a compound of '消す (けす)', meaning 'to erase', and 'ゴム (ごむ)', meaning 'rubber'. Example sentences: Please lend me your eraser「消しゴムを貸してください」(けしごむをかしてください). I bought a new eraser「新しい消しゴムを買いました」(あたらしいけしごむをかいました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

738

Composition

kanji-hiragana-katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Part

Reading

Kanji

一One 部Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一部 (いちぶ)' means 'part' or 'portion'. It is used to refer to a section or segment of a whole, such as a part of a book, a portion of a group, or a segment of something larger. For example: I read part of the book「本の一部を読みました」(ほんのいちぶをよみました). Only a part of the group attended「グループの一部だけが参加しました」(グループのいちぶだけがさんかしました). This word is often used in contexts where something is divided or incomplete, emphasizing that it is not the entirety.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

741

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sales floor

Reading

Kanji

売Sell 場Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '売り場 (うりば)' refers to a place where goods are sold, such as a sales floor, counter, or department in a store. It is commonly used in retail settings to indicate specific areas where products are displayed and sold. For example: Where is the shoe department?「靴の売り場はどこですか？」(くつのうりばはどこですか？). The cosmetics counter is on the second floor「化粧品の売り場は二階です」(けしょうひんのうりばはにかいです). This word is often combined with the type of product being sold, as in '靴の売り場 (くつのうりば) (shoe department)' or '化粧品の売り場 (けしょうひんのうりば) (cosmetics counter)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

742

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deal

Reading

Kanji

取Take 引Pull

Explanation

The Japanese noun '取り引き (とりひき)' refers to a 'deal' or 'transaction'. It is commonly used in business contexts to describe agreements, exchanges, or negotiations between parties. For example: We made a deal with the company「その会社と取り引きをした」(そのかいしゃととりひきをした). The transaction was completed smoothly「取り引きはスムーズに終わった」(とりひきはすむーずにおわった). This word can also imply a sense of mutual benefit or cooperation in the context of business relationships.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

743

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shop

Reading

Kanji

売Sell 店Shop

Explanation

The Japanese noun '売店 (ばいてん)' refers to a small shop or stand, often found in places like train stations, schools, or tourist attractions. These shops typically sell snacks, drinks, souvenirs, or other small items. For example: I bought a drink at the shop「売店で飲み物を買いました」(ばいてんでのみものをかいました). There is a shop near the station「駅の近くに売店があります」(えきのちかくにばいてんがあります). The word is commonly used to describe small retail outlets in public spaces.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

745

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Foreign country

Reading

Kanji

外Outside 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese noun '外国 (がいこく)' means 'foreign country'. It refers to any country other than one's own. This word is often used in contexts where distinctions are made between one's home country and other countries. For example: I want to go to a foreign country 「外国に行きたい」 (がいこくにいきたい). He is from a foreign country 「彼は外国から来た」 (かれはがいこくからきた). '外国' can also be used in compound words such as '外国人 (がいこくじん)', which means 'foreigner'. Note that '外国' is a broad term and does not specify any particular country.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

747

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Setting

Reading

Kanji

設Set up, Establish 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '設定 (せってい)' primarily means 'setting'. It is used to refer to the configuration or arrangement of something, such as the settings of a device, the setup of a system, or the background and details of a story or scenario. For example: I changed the settings on my phone「携帯の設定を変えた」(けいたいのせっていをかえた). The setting of the story is in ancient Japan「物語の設定は古代日本です」(ものがたりのせっていはこだいにほんです). It can also refer to the act of establishing or determining something, such as setting a goal or rule. For example: We need to set a new rule「新しいルールを設定する必要がある」(あたらしいルールをせっていするひつようがある).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

748

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ear

Reading

Kanji

耳Ear

Explanation

The Japanese noun '耳 (みみ)' means 'ear'. This word refers to the organ of hearing in humans and animals. It is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: my ear hurts「耳が痛い」(みみがいたい). She whispered in my ear「彼女は私の耳に囁いた」(かのじょはわたしのみみにささやいた). Additionally, '耳' can be used metaphorically to describe something that resembles an ear in shape, such as the handle of a cup, referred to as '耳' in Japanese. It is a versatile word that appears in various idiomatic expressions and compound words.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

749

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Station

Reading

Kanji

駅Station

Explanation

The Japanese noun '駅 (えき)' refers to a 'station', typically a train or subway station. It is a common word used in daily life to describe places where trains or subways stop to pick up and drop off passengers. For example: The station is near my house「駅は私の家の近くです」(えきはわたしのいえのちかくです). I will meet you at the station「駅で会いましょう」(えきであいましょう). The word is often combined with other terms to specify the type of station, such as '地下鉄駅 (ちかてつえき)' (subway station) or '新幹線駅 (しんかんせんえき)' (Shinkansen station).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

751

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Second floor

Reading

Kanji

二Two 階Storey

Explanation

The Japanese noun '二階 (にかい)' refers to the 'second floor' of a building. It is commonly used to describe the level above the ground floor in structures such as houses, offices, or stores. For example: The library is on the second floor「図書館は二階です」(としょかんはにかいです). I live on the second floor「私は二階に住んでいます」(わたしはにかいにすんでいます). This term is essential for giving or understanding directions within multi-story buildings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

752

Composition

kanji

Handwriting