Jōyō KanjiOrganized by JLPT Level
JLPT N1
kanji
摘Meaning
Pick, Pluck
Reading
tsu
onyomiてきteki
Parts
扌Hand (手)啇
Example Word
指摘: pointing out. The Japanese verbal noun '指摘 (してき)' means 'pointing out' or 'indicating'. It is used to describe the act of identifying or highlighting something, often a mistake, issue, or important detail. This word is commonly used in formal or professional contexts, such as meetings, reports, or discussions. For example: The teacher pointed out the mistake in my homework「先生は私の宿題の間違いを指摘した」(せんせいはわたしのしゅくだいのまちがいをしてきした). The report pointed out the need for further research「そのレポートはさらなる研究の必要性を指摘した」(そのレポートはさらになるけんきゅうのひつようせいをしてきした). Note that '指摘' is often followed by the particle 'を' when used as a direct object.
Radical
手
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N1Grade
7Frequency
1604
Handwriting
kanji
漠Meaning
Vague, Desert
Reading
baku
Parts
氵Water (水)艹Grass 日Day, Sun 大Big
Example Word
砂漠: desert. The Japanese noun '砂漠 (さばく)' means 'desert'. It refers to a barren area of land where little precipitation occurs, making it difficult for plants and animals to survive. This word is used to describe both natural deserts and metaphorical situations that feel barren or lifeless. For example: The Sahara is a vast desert「サハラは広大な砂漠です」(サハラはこうだいなさばくです). His heart felt like a desert「彼の心は砂漠のようだった」(かれのこころはさばくのようだった). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '砂漠地帯 (さばくちたい)' meaning 'desert region'.
Radical
水
Stroke Count
13JLPT
N1Grade
9Frequency
1608
Handwriting
kanji
冒Meaning
Risk
Reading
oka
onyomiぼうbou
Parts
日Day, Sun 目Eye
Example Word
冒頭: beginning. The Japanese noun '冒頭 (ぼうとう)' refers to the 'beginning' or 'start' of something, such as a speech, story, or event. It is often used in formal or literary contexts to describe the opening part of a narrative or presentation. For example: at the beginning of the story「冒頭の部分」(ぼうとうのぶぶん). The speaker started with a joke at the beginning「スピーカーは冒頭でジョークを言った」(スピーカーはぼうとうでジョークをいった). This word emphasizes the initial part of something, setting the stage for what follows.
Radical
冂
Stroke Count
9JLPT
N1Grade
7Frequency
1610
Handwriting
kanji
浸Meaning
Soak, Immersed
Reading
hita
onyomiしんshin
Parts
氵Water (水)冖Crown 又Again ⺕Hand
Example Word
浸かる: soak. The Japanese verb '浸かる (つかる)' means 'to soak' or 'to be immersed'. It is commonly used to describe the action of soaking in a liquid, such as water, often for relaxation or cleaning purposes. For example: I soaked in the hot spring「温 泉に浸かった」(おんせんにつかった). The laundry is soaking in the water「洗濯物が水に浸かっている」(せんたくものがみずにつかっている). This verb can also imply being deeply involved or absorbed in something, such as a state of mind or an activity, though this usage is less common. For example: He is immersed in his work「彼は仕事に浸かっている」(かれはしごとにつかっている).
Radical
水
Stroke Count
10JLPT
N1Grade
7Frequency
1612
Handwriting
kanji
厄Meaning
Misfortune, Unlucky
Reading
yaku
Parts
厂Cliff 㔾
Example Word
厄介: trouble. The Japanese noun '厄介 (やっかい)' primarily means 'trouble' or 'bother'. It refers to something that is troublesome, inconvenient, or difficult to deal with. This word can be used to describe situations, tasks, or even people who are causing difficulty. For example: He is a troublesome person「彼は厄介な人だ」(かれはやっかいなひとだ). This problem is a real hassle「この問題は本当に厄介だ」(このもんだいはほんとうにやっかいだ). The word can also imply a sense of burden or responsibility, as in taking care of someone who is dependent on you.
Radical
厂
Stroke Count
4JLPT
N1Grade
9Frequency
1613
Handwriting
kanji
鎖Meaning
Chain
Reading
kusari
とざtoza
onyomiさsa
Parts
釒Gold (金)貝Shellfish
Example Word
閉鎖: closure. The Japanese noun '閉鎖 (へいさ)' means 'closure'. It refers to the act of closing something, such as a facility, business, or system, or the state of being closed. This word is often used in contexts like the closure of a road, a school, or a business. For example: The factory's closure was announced「工場の閉鎖が発表された」(こうじょうのへいさがはっぴょうされた). The road closure caused traffic「道路の閉鎖で渋滞が起きた」(どうろのへいさでじゅうたいがおきた). It can also be used metaphorically, such as the closure of a chapter in life or a project.
Radical
金
Stroke Count
18JLPT
N1Grade
7Frequency
1621
Handwriting
kanji
犠Meaning
Sacrifice
Reading
gi
Parts
牛Cow 義Righteousness
Example Word
犠牲: sacrifice. The Japanese noun '犠牲 (ぎせい)' means 'sacrifice'. It refers to the act of giving up something valuable or important for the sake of others or a greater cause. This word is often used in contexts involving personal loss, such as in war, accidents, or even in daily life when someone makes a significant compromise. For example: He made a great sacrifice for his family「彼は家族のために大きな犠牲を払った」(かれはかぞくのためにおおきなぎせいをはらった). The victims of the disaster were a tragic sacrifice「その災害の犠牲者は悲劇的な犠牲だった」(そのさいがいのぎせいしゃはひげきてきなぎせいだった).
Radical
牛
Stroke Count
17JLPT
N1Grade
8Frequency
1626
Handwriting
kanji
斉Meaning
Uniform, Adjusted
Reading
sei
さいsai
Example Word
一斉に: simultaneously. The Japanese adverb '一斉に (いっせいに)' means 'simultaneously' or 'all at once'. It is used to describe actions or events that occur at the same time, often involving multiple people or things. This word is commonly used in contexts where a group of people or objects act in unison. For example: The students stood up simultaneously「学生たちは一斉に立ち上がった」(がくせいたちはいっせいにたちあがった). The birds flew away all at once「鳥たちは一斉に飛び立った」(とりたちはいっせいにとびたった). The adverb emphasizes the collective nature of the action, highlighting that it is done by everyone or everything involved at the same time.
Radical
文
Stroke Count
8JLPT
N1Grade
9Frequency
1628
Handwriting
kanji
濁Meaning
Voiced, Turbid
Reading
nigo
onyomiだくdaku
じょくjoku
Parts
氵Water (水)蜀
Example Word
濁る: muddy or become impure. The Japanese verb '濁る (にごる)' primarily means 'to become muddy' or 'to become impure'. It is used to describe liquids that become cloudy or unclear, such as water mixed with dirt. It can also metaphorically describe situations, thoughts, or emotions that become unclear or tainted. For example: the water became muddy「水が濁った」(みずがにごった). His intentions became unclear「彼の意図が濁った」(かれのいとがにごった). The verb can also describe sounds that are muffled or unclear, such as a voice affected by illness or emotion.
Radical
水
Stroke Count
16JLPT
N1Grade
7Frequency
1630
Handwriting
kanji
禅Meaning
Zen
Reading
zen
Parts
礻Cult (示)単Simple, Single
Example Word
禅: Zen. The Japanese noun '禅 (ぜん)' refers to 'Zen', a school of Mahayana Buddhism that emphasizes meditation and intuition. Zen is deeply rooted in Japanese culture and is often associated with simplicity, mindfulness, and the pursuit of enlightenment. It has influenced various aspects of Japanese life, including art, tea ceremonies, and martial arts. Example sentences: He practices Zen meditation「彼は禅の瞑想をします」(かれはぜんのめいそうをします). Zen teaches the importance of being present「禅は今を大切にすることを教えます」(ぜんはいまをたいせつにすることをおしえます).
Radical
示
Stroke Count
13JLPT
N1Grade
9Frequency
1634
Handwriting
kanji
排Meaning
Exclude, Repudiate
Reading
hai
Parts
扌Hand (手)非Mistake, Negative
Example Word
排出: discharge or emission. The Japanese noun '排出 (はいしゅつ)' refers to the act of emitting or discharging something, such as gases, liquids, or waste. It is commonly used in environmental contexts to describe the release of substances into the environment. For example: The factory reduced its emissions「工場は排出を減らした」(こうじょうははいしゅつをへらした). The discharge of waste into the river is prohibited「川への排出は禁止されている」(かわへのはいしゅつはきんしされている). This word is often used in technical or formal settings, particularly when discussing pollution or industrial processes.
Radical
手
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N1Grade
8Frequency
1637
Handwriting
kanji
噴Meaning
Spout, Erupt
Reading
fu
onyomiふんfun
Parts
口Mouth 賁
Example Word
噴火: eruption. The Japanese verbal noun '噴火 (ふんか)' refers to the eruption of a volcano. It is commonly used in contexts related to natural disasters, geology, or news reports about volcanic activity. For example: The volcano erupted「火山が噴火した」(かざんがふんかした). The eruption caused widespread damage「噴火によって広範囲の被害が出た」(ふんかによってこうはんいのがいがいがでた). This word is often paired with verbs like 'する' to indicate the action of erupting, as in '噴火する (ふんかする) (to erupt)'.
Radical
口
Stroke Count
15JLPT
N1Grade
7Frequency
1640
Handwriting
kanji
邦Meaning
State, Japan
Reading
kuni
onyomiほうhou
Parts
丰 ⻏Mound (阜)
Example Word
連邦: federation. The Japanese noun '連邦 (れんぽう)' refers to a 'federation', which is a political entity characterized by a union of partially self-governing states or regions under a central federal government. This term is often used in the context of political science and international relations to describe countries like the United States or Russia, which are federations. For example: The United States is a federation「アメリカは連邦です」(アメリカはれんぽうです). Russia is also a federation「ロシアも連邦です」(ロシアもれんぽうです). The term can also be used in historical contexts, such as referring to the Holy Roman Empire as a federation「神聖ローマ帝国は連邦でした」(しんせいローマていこくはれんぽうでした).
Radical
邑
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N1Grade
8Frequency
1641
Handwriting
kanji
礎Meaning
Foundation stone, Foundation
Reading
ishizue
onyomiそso
Parts
石Stone 楚
Example Word
基礎: foundation. The Japanese noun '基礎 (きそ)' means 'foundation'. It refers to the base or underlying support of something, whether physical, conceptual, or abstract. This word is often used in contexts like education, construction, or skills development. For example: The foundation of this building is strong「この建物の基礎は強い」(このたてもののきそはつよい). Learning the basics is important「基礎を学ぶことは大切です」(きそをまなぶことはたいせつです). It can also refer to the fundamental principles or groundwork of a subject, as in '基礎知識 (きそちしき) (basic knowledge)'.
Radical
石
Stroke Count
18JLPT
N1Grade
8Frequency
1642
Handwriting
kanji
徐Meaning
Slowly, Gradually
Reading
omomu
onyomiじょjo
Parts
彳Stop 余Excess
Example Word
徐行: slow driving. The Japanese verbal noun '徐行 (じょこう)' refers to the act of driving slowly or proceeding at a reduced speed. It is commonly used in contexts related to traffic regulations, such as when drivers are required to slow down in specific areas like school zones or residential neighborhoods. For example: Drive slowly in the school zone「学校の近くで徐行してください」(がっこうのちかくでじょこうしてください). The car is moving slowly「車が徐行している」(くるまがじょこうしている). This term emphasizes the deliberate reduction of speed for safety or compliance purposes.
Radical
彳
Stroke Count
10JLPT
N1Grade
8Frequency
1645
Handwriting
kanji
絞Meaning
Wring, Strangle
Reading
shi
しぼshibo
onyomiこうkou
Parts
糸Thread 交Mix
Example Word
絞る: squeeze or wring. The Japanese verb '絞る (しぼる)' primarily means 'to squeeze' or 'to wring'. It is used when applying pressure to extract liquid or to tighten something. For example, squeezing juice from a fruit: I squeezed the juice from the orange「オレンジのジュースを絞った」(オレンジのジュースをしぼった). Wringing out a wet towel: She wrung out the wet towel「彼女は濡れたタオルを絞った」(かのじょはぬれたタオルをしぼった). Additionally, '絞る' can be used metaphorically to describe exerting effort or focusing intensely, such as in concentrating one's mind: He concentrated his mind on the problem「彼はその問題に頭を絞った」(かれはそのもんだいにあたまをしぼった).
Radical
糸
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N1Grade
8Frequency
1647
Handwriting
kanji
励Meaning
Strive, Encourage
Reading
hage
onyomiれいrei
Parts
厉 力Power
Example Word
励ます: encourage. The Japanese verb '励ます (はげます)' means 'to encourage'. It is used when someone is trying to cheer up or motivate another person, often in situations where the person is feeling down or facing difficulties. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as encouraging a friend, a colleague, or even oneself. For example: I encouraged my friend to keep trying「友達を励まして続けるように言った」(ともだちをはげまして つづけるようにいった). The teacher encouraged the students before the exam「先生は試験前に生徒を励ました」(せんせいはしけんまえにせいとをはげました). It's important to note that this verb often implies emotional support and motivation, rather than just giving advice or instructions.
Radical
力
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N1Grade
8Frequency
1648
Handwriting
kanji
銘Meaning
Inscription
Reading
mei
Parts
金Gold 名Name
Example Word
銘柄: brand. The Japanese noun '銘柄 (めいがら)' refers to a brand, particularly in the context of products, goods, or stocks. It is often used to specify a particular brand name or type of product. For example: This brand of coffee is popular「この銘柄のコーヒーは人気です」(このめいがらのコーヒーはにんきです). I bought a new brand of wine「新しい銘柄のワインを買いました」(あたらしいめいがらのワインをかいました). In financial contexts, it can also refer to a specific stock or security, as in: This stock is performing well「この銘柄は好調です」(このめいがらはこうちょうです).
Radical
金
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N1Grade
9Frequency
1652
Handwriting
kanji
盟Meaning
Alliance
Reading
mei
Parts
明Bright 皿Plate
Example Word
同盟: alliance. The Japanese noun '同盟 (どうめい)' means 'alliance'. It refers to a formal agreement or partnership between two or more parties, often for mutual benefit or to achieve a common goal. This term is commonly used in political, military, or business contexts. For example: The two countries formed an alliance「その二つの国は同盟を結んだ」(そのふたつのくにはどうめいをむすんだ). The companies entered into a strategic alliance「その企業は戦略的同盟を結んだ」(そのきぎょうはせんりゃくてきどうめいをむすんだ). The nuance of '同盟' often implies a formal and binding relationship, distinguishing it from more casual partnerships or collaborations.
Radical
皿
Stroke Count
13JLPT
N1Grade
6Frequency
1660
Handwriting
kanji
晶Meaning
Crystal
Reading
shou
Parts
日Day, Sun
Example Word
結晶: crystallization. The Japanese verbal noun '結晶 (けっしょう)' refers to the process or result of crystallization, where a substance forms into a crystal structure. It can also metaphorically represent the culmination or tangible result of efforts, ideas, or emotions. For example: The crystallization of salt from seawater「海水からの塩の結晶」(かいすいからのしおのけっしょう). Her hard work finally crystallized into success「彼女の努力がついに成功という結晶になった」(かのじょのどりょくがつい にせいこうというけっしょうになった).
Radical
日
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N1Grade
8Frequency
1663
Handwriting
kanji
援Meaning
Assist, Aid
Reading
en
Parts
扌Hand (手)爰
Example Word
応援: support or cheering. The Japanese verbal noun '応援 (おうえん)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'support', which refers to providing assistance or backing to someone or something. For example: I support my friend's decision「友達の決断を応援する」(ともだちのけつだんをおうえんする). The second meaning is 'cheering', which refers to encouraging or rooting for someone, often in a sports or competitive context. For example: We cheered for our team during the match「試合中にチームを応援した」(しあいちゅうにチームをおうえんした). The word is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts, and it carries a positive connotation of encouragement and solidarity.
Radical
手
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N1Grade
7Frequency
1666
Handwriting
kanji
慎Meaning
Prudent, Humility
Reading
tsutsushi
onyomiしんshin
Parts
忄 真Truth
Example Word
慎重: careful. The Japanese adjectival noun '慎重 (しんちょう)' means 'careful' or 'cautious'. It describes a state of being deliberate, thoughtful, and avoiding unnecessary risks. This word is often used to describe someone's behavior, approach, or decision-making process. For example: He is very careful when making decisions「彼は決定を下す時に非常に慎重です」(かれはけっていをくだすときにひじょうにしんちょうです). Please handle this matter carefully「この件を慎重に扱ってください」(このけんをしんちょうにあつかってください). The word can also be used to describe actions, such as '慎重な計画 (しんちょうなけいかく)' (careful planning).
Radical
心
Stroke Count
13JLPT
N1Grade
7Frequency
1667
Handwriting
kanji
欺Meaning
Deceit, Deceive
Reading
azamu
onyomiぎgi
Parts
其That 欠Lack
Example Word
詐欺: fraud. The Japanese noun '詐欺 (さぎ)' means 'fraud'. It refers to the act of deceiving someone for personal gain, often involving money or property. This word is commonly used in legal, financial, and everyday contexts to describe scams, swindles, or dishonest schemes. For example: He was arrested for fraud「彼は詐欺で逮捕された」(かれはさぎでたいほされた). This is a classic case of fraud「これは典型的な詐欺です」(これはてんけいてきなさぎです). The term can also be used in compound words, such as '詐欺師 (さぎし)' (fraudster or con artist).
Radical
欠
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N1Grade
8Frequency
1668
Handwriting
kanji
嵐Meaning
Storm
Reading
arashi
Parts
山Mountain 風Wind, Style
Example Word
嵐: storm. The Japanese noun '嵐 (あらし)' means 'storm'. It refers to a violent disturbance of the atmosphere with strong winds, rain, thunder, or snow. This word can be used to describe both literal weather phenomena and metaphorical situations, such as emotional turmoil or chaotic events. For example: a storm is coming「嵐が来る」(あらしがくる). The meeting was a storm of emotions「会議は感情の嵐だった」(かいぎはかんじょうのあらしだった). The word can also be used in names, such as the popular boy band 'ARASHI', symbolizing their powerful impact on the entertainment industry.
Radical
山
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N1Grade
10Frequency
1669
Handwriting
kanji
稼Meaning
Work, Earnings
Reading
kase
onyomiかka
Parts
禾Cereal 家House
Example Word
稼ぐ: earn. The Japanese verb '稼ぐ (かせぐ)' primarily means 'to earn' or 'to make money'. It is commonly used in contexts related to work, labor, or any activity that generates income. For example: He earns a lot of money「彼はたくさん稼ぐ」(かれはたくさんかせぐ). I need to earn more to support my family「家族を養うためにもっと稼ぐ必要がある」(かぞくをやしなうためにもっとかせぐひつようがある). Additionally, '稼ぐ' can also imply working hard or putting in effort to achieve something, not just financially. For instance: She worked hard to earn her promotion「彼女は昇進を稼ぐために一生懸命働いた」(かのじょはしょうしんをかせぐためにいっしょうけんめいはたらいた).
Radical
禾
Stroke Count
15JLPT
N1Grade
9Frequency
1670
Handwriting
kanji
掲Meaning
Hoist, Display, Hold up
Reading
kaka
onyomiけいkei
Parts
扌Hand (手)匂Fragrance, Scent 日Day, Sun
Example Word
掲示: posting. The Japanese verbal noun '掲示 (けいじ)' refers to the act of posting or displaying information publicly, such as notices, announcements, or signs. It is commonly used in contexts like bulletin boards, websites, or public spaces where information is shared. For example: The notice was posted on the bulletin board「掲示板に掲示されていた」(けいじばんにけいじされていた). Please check the posted information「掲示された情報を確認してください」(けいじされたじょうほうをかくにんしてください). This word is often used in formal or official settings.
Radical
手
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N1Grade
8Frequency
1671
Handwriting
kanji
瞳Meaning
Pupil
Reading
hitomi
onyomiどうdou
とうtou
Parts
目Eye 童Juvenile
Example Word
瞳: pupil. The Japanese noun '瞳 (ひとみ)' primarily refers to the 'pupil' of the eye, the black circular opening in the center of the iris. It can also poetically or metaphorically refer to the eyes themselves, often evoking a sense of beauty or depth. For example: Her pupils are beautiful「彼女の瞳は美しい」(かのじょのひとみはうつくしい). The child's eyes sparkled「子供の瞳が輝いていた」(こどものひとみがかがやいていた). This word is often used in literary or emotional contexts to emphasize the expressiveness or allure of someone's eyes.
Radical
目
Stroke Count
17JLPT
N1Grade
10Frequency
1674
Handwriting
kanji
朗Meaning
Clear, Cheerful
Reading
hoga
onyomiろうrou
Parts
良Good 月Moon, Month
Example Word
朗らか: cheerful. The Japanese adjective '朗らか (ほがらか)' means 'cheerful' or 'bright'. It is used to describe someone who has a cheerful and optimistic personality, or a situation that feels lighthearted and pleasant. This word often conveys a sense of openness and positivity. For example: She has a cheerful personality「彼女は朗らかな性格です」(かのじょはほがらかなせいかくです). The atmosphere at the party was cheerful「パーティーの雰囲気は朗らかでした」(パーティーのふんいきはほがらかでした). Note that '朗らか' is often used to describe people or moods rather than objects.
Radical
月
Stroke Count
10JLPT
N1Grade
6Frequency
1677
Handwriting
kanji
砕Meaning
Smash
Reading
kuda
onyomiさいsai
Parts
石Stone 卆
Example Word
砕ける: break. The Japanese verb '砕ける (くだける)' primarily means 'to break' or 'to be broken'. It is often used to describe something physically breaking into smaller pieces, such as glass or rocks. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something abstract, like a person's spirit or resolve, being broken. For example: The glass broke into pieces「ガラスが砕けた」(ガラスがくだけた). His spirit was broken by the harsh criticism「彼の精神は厳しい批判で砕けた」(かれのせいしんはきびしいひはんでくだけた). Additionally, '砕ける' can imply a sense of softening or becoming more approachable, as in '砕けた態度 (くだけたたいど)' (a relaxed or informal attitude).
Radical
石
Stroke Count
9JLPT
N1Grade
9Frequency
1680
Handwriting
kanji
謙Meaning
Humble, Modesty
Reading
ken
Parts
訁Say (言)兼Combine, Concurrently
Example Word
謙遜: modesty. The Japanese verbal noun '謙遜 (けんそん)' refers to the act of being modest or humble, often in the context of downplaying one's own abilities, achievements, or status. It is a valued trait in Japanese culture and is frequently used in social interactions to show politeness and respect. For example: He responded with modesty「彼は謙遜して答えた」(かれはけんそんしてこたえた). She always speaks with modesty「彼女はいつも謙遜して話す」(かのじょはいつもけんそんしてはなす). This term is often used in formal or professional settings to avoid appearing boastful.
Radical
言
Stroke Count
17JLPT
N1Grade
9Frequency
1681
Handwriting
kanji
漫Meaning
Loose, Comic
Reading
man
Parts
氵Water (水)曼
Example Word
漫画: comic. The Japanese noun '漫画 (まんが)' refers to 'comic' or 'manga', which are graphic novels or comic books originating from Japan. Manga covers a wide range of genres and appeals to various age groups. It is a significant part of Japanese culture and has a global fanbase. Example sentences: I read a comic yesterday「昨日漫画を読みました」(きのうまんがをよみました). This comic is interesting「この漫画は面白い」(このまんがはおもしろい). Manga can be serialized in magazines or published as standalone books, and they often have distinctive art styles and storytelling techniques.
Radical
水
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N1Grade
7Frequency
1685
Handwriting
kanji
幣Meaning
Money, Cash
Reading
hei
Parts
敝 巾Towel
Example Word
貨幣: currency. The Japanese noun '貨幣 (かへい)' refers to 'currency' or 'money' in a formal or economic context. It specifically denotes the physical form of money, such as coins and banknotes, used as a medium of exchange. This term is often used in discussions about economics, history, or finance. For example: The history of currency is fascinating「貨幣の歴史は興味深い」(かへいのれきしはきょうみぶかい). This country uses a unique currency「この国は独特な貨幣を使う」(このくにはどくとくなかへいをつかう). Note that '貨幣' is more formal than 'お金 (おかね)', which is the everyday term for money.
Radical
巾
Stroke Count
15JLPT
N1Grade
9Frequency
1686
Handwriting
kanji
但Meaning
However, But
Reading
tada
onyomiたんtan
Parts
亻Person (人)旦Dawn
Example Word
但し: however or but. The Japanese conjunction '但し (ただし)' is used to introduce a condition, exception, or limitation to a previous statement. It is often translated as 'however' or 'but' in English, but it specifically implies a restriction or clarification. For example: You can enter, however, you must wear a mask「入ってもいいです、但し、マスクを着用してください」(はいってもいいです、ただし、マスクをちゃくようしてください). The event is free, but registration is required「イベントは無料です、但し、登録が必要で す」(イベントはむりょうです、ただし、とうろくがひつようです). Note that '但し' is more formal and is commonly used in written or official contexts.
Radical
人
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N1Grade
9Frequency
1688
Handwriting
kanji
拒Meaning
Repel, Refuse
Reading
koba
onyomiきょkyo
Parts
扌Hand (手)巨Huge, Giant
Example Word
拒む: refuse. The Japanese verb '拒む (こばむ)' means 'to refuse' or 'to reject'. It is used when someone declines or turns down an offer, request, or situation. This verb often carries a nuance of firmness or determination in the refusal. For example: He refused the offer「彼はその申し出を拒んだ」(かれはそのもうしでをこばんだ). The door refused to open「ド アが開くのを拒んだ」(ドアがあくのをこばんだ). It can also imply resistance or opposition, as in '拒むことのできない事実 (こばむことのできないじじつ) (an undeniable fact)'.
Radical
手
Stroke Count
8JLPT
N1Grade
9Frequency
1689
Handwriting
kanji
豚Meaning
Pig, Pork
Reading
buta
onyomiとんton
Parts
月Moon, Month 豕Pig
Example Word
豚: pig. The Japanese noun '豚 (ぶた)' refers to a pig, the domesticated animal commonly raised for meat. It is used in everyday language to describe the animal itself or in contexts related to food, such as pork. For example: I saw a pig at the farm「農場で豚を見た」(のうじょうでぶたをみた). This restaurant serves delicious pork「このレストランは美味しい豚肉を出す」(このレストランはおいしいぶたにくをだす). The word can also appear in compound words like '豚肉 (ぶたにく)' meaning 'pork'.
Radical
豕
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N1Grade
8Frequency
1691
Handwriting
kanji
溝Meaning
Gutter, Channel
Reading
mizo
onyomiこうkou
Parts
氵Water (水)冓
Example Word
溝: ditch. The Japanese noun '溝 (みぞ)' refers to a 'ditch' or 'trench'. It is commonly used to describe a narrow channel dug into the ground, often for drainage or irrigation purposes. Additionally, it can metaphorically represent a gap or rift between people or ideas. Example sentences: There is a deep ditch in the field「畑に深い溝がある」(はたけにふかいみぞがある). The ditch was filled with water after the rain「雨の後、溝に水がたまった」(あめのあと、みぞにみずがたまった). The argument created a rift between them「その議論で彼らの間に溝ができた」(そのぎろんでかれらのあいだにみぞができた).
Radical
水
Stroke Count
13JLPT
N1Grade
9Frequency
1693
Handwriting
kanji
殖Meaning
Multiply
Reading
fu
onyomiしょくshoku
Parts
歹Bad 直Straight, Repair
Example Word
増殖: proliferation. The Japanese noun '増殖 (ぞうしょく)' refers to the process of rapid increase or multiplication, often used in biological contexts to describe cell growth or reproduction. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the spread or expansion of ideas, technologies, or other phenomena. For example: The proliferation of bacteria is concerning「細菌の増殖が心配だ」(さいきんのぞうしょくがしんぱいだ). The rapid proliferation of smartphones has changed society「スマートフォンの急速な増殖が社会を変えた」(スマートフォンのきゅうそくなぞうしょくがしゃかいをかえた).
Radical
歹
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N1Grade
7Frequency
1695
Handwriting
kanji
撮Meaning
Snapshot, Photograph
Reading
to
onyomiさつsatsu
Parts
扌Hand (手)最Most
Example Word
撮る: photograph. The Japanese verb '撮る (とる)' primarily means 'to photograph' or 'to take a picture'. It is commonly used when referring to capturing images with a camera or smartphone. For example: I will take a picture of the mountain「山の写真を撮る」(やまのしゃしんをとる). She took a photo of her friends「彼女は友達の写真を撮った」(かのじょはともだちのしゃしんをとった). This verb can also be used in contexts like filming or recording, but its most frequent usage is related to photography. Note that '撮る' is often paired with '写真 (しゃしん)' (photo) to specify the action of taking a photo.
Radical
手
Stroke Count
15JLPT
N1Grade
8Frequency
1701
Handwriting
kanji
鉛Meaning
Lead
Reading
namari
onyomiえんen
Parts
釒Gold (金)㕣
Example Word
鉛筆: pencil. The Japanese noun '鉛筆 (えんぴつ)' means 'pencil'. It refers to a common writing instrument made of a thin cylindrical graphite core encased in wood. This word is widely used in everyday contexts, such as in schools, offices, or at home. For example: I bought a new pencil「新しい鉛筆を買いました」(あたらしいえんぴつをかいました). Please lend me a pencil「鉛筆を貸してください」(えんぴつをかしてください). The word is straightforward and does not carry additional nuanced meanings, making it easy to use in various situations.
Radical
金
Stroke Count
13JLPT
N1Grade
7Frequency
1704
Handwriting
kanji
暦Meaning
Calendar, Almanac
Reading
koyomi
onyomiれきreki
Parts
厂Cliff 木Tree, Wood 日Day, Sun
Example Word
西暦: AD. The Japanese noun '西暦 (せいれき)' refers to the Gregorian calendar system, commonly used internationally. It is often used to denote years in the Western calendar, similar to 'Anno Domini' (AD) in English. For example: The year 2023 in the Gregorian calendar is 2023年 in 西暦「2023年は西暦2023年です」(にせんにじゅうさんねんはせいれきにせんにじゅうさんねんです). The event occurred in 1999 AD「その出来事は西暦1999年に起こりました」(そのできごとはせいれきせんきゅうひゃくきゅうじゅうきゅうねんにおこりました). This term is essential when discussing historical or international dates in Japanese.
Radical
日
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N1Grade
7Frequency
1705
Handwriting
kanji
滞Meaning
Stagnate
Reading
todokoo
onyomiたいtai
Parts
氵Water (水)帯Belt, Wear
Example Word
滞在: stay. The Japanese verbal noun '滞在 (たいざい)' means 'stay'. It refers to the act of staying or residing in a place temporarily, such as during a trip, vacation, or visit. It is commonly used in contexts related to travel, lodging, or temporary residence. For example: I will stay in Tokyo for three days「東京に三日間滞在します」(とうきょうにみっかかんたいざいします). His stay in Japan was very enjoyable「彼の日本での滞在はとても楽しかった」(かれのにほんでのたいざいはとてもたのしかった). The word is often paired with verbs like する (to do) or する予定 (plan to do) to indicate the act of staying.
Radical
水
Stroke Count
13JLPT
N1Grade
8Frequency
1708
Handwriting
kanji
妨Meaning
Hinder, Disturb
Reading
samata
onyomiぼうbou
Parts
女Woman 方Direction
Example Word
妨害: obstruction. The Japanese verbal noun '妨害 (ぼうがい)' means 'obstruction' or 'interference'. It refers to the act of hindering or preventing something from happening, often intentionally. This word is commonly used in contexts such as communication, progress, or activities being disrupted. For example: The noise was an obstruction to our conversation「騒音が会話の妨害になった」(そうおんがかいわのぼうがいになった). The protest caused an obstruction to traffic「デモが交通の妨害になった」(デモがこうつうのぼうがいになった). It can also be used in legal or technical contexts, such as 'signal interference'「信号の妨害」(しんごうのぼうがい).
Radical
女
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N1Grade
8Frequency
1713
Handwriting
kanji
撲Meaning
Slap, Deal a blow
Reading
boku
Parts
扌Hand (手)菐
Example Word
相撲: sumo. The Japanese noun '相撲 (すもう)' refers to the traditional Japanese sport of sumo wrestling. Sumo is a competitive full-contact wrestling sport where a wrestler (rikishi) aims to force his opponent out of a circular ring (dohyō) or to touch the ground with any part of his body other than the soles of his feet. Sumo has deep cultural and historical significance in Japan, often associated with Shinto rituals. Example sentences: I enjoy watching sumo「相撲を見るのが好きです」(すもうをみるのがすきです). Sumo wrestlers are very strong「相撲取りはとても強いです」(すもうとりはとてもつよいです).
Radical
手
Stroke Count
15JLPT
N1Grade
9Frequency
1714
Handwriting
kanji
秩Meaning
Order, Regularity
Reading
chitsu
Parts
禾Cereal 失Lose, Fault
Example Word
秩序: order. The Japanese noun '秩序 (ちつじょ)' means 'order' in the sense of a systematic or harmonious arrangement. It is often used to describe social, natural, or organizational systems where things are structured and functioning properly. For example: maintaining social order「社会の秩序を守る」(しゃかいのちつじょをまもる). The natural order of the ecosystem「生態系の秩序」(せいたいけいのちつじょ). This word is commonly used in formal or academic contexts to discuss stability, rules, or systems. It is not used to describe personal tidiness or neatness, which would be expressed with words like '整理 (せいり)'.
Radical
禾
Stroke Count
10JLPT
N1Grade
9Frequency
1716
Handwriting
kanji
株Meaning
Shares, Stocks
Reading
kabu
onyomiしゅshu
Parts
木Tree, Wood 朱Vermillion
Example Word
株価: stock price. The Japanese noun '株価 (かぶか)' refers to the 'stock price' or 'share price' of a company. It is commonly used in financial and business contexts to discuss the value of stocks traded on the market. For example: The stock price rose sharply「株価が急上昇した」(かぶかがきゅうじょうしょうした). The stock price of that company is high「あの会社の株価は高い」(あのかいしゃのかぶかはたかい). This term is essential in discussions about investments, market trends, and economic news.
Radical
木
Stroke Count
10JLPT
N1Grade
6Frequency
1718
Handwriting
kanji
倫Meaning
Principles, Ethics
Reading
rin
Parts
亻Person (人)侖
Example Word
不倫: affair. The Japanese noun '不倫 (ふりん)' refers to an extramarital affair or infidelity. It is used to describe a romantic or sexual relationship that occurs outside of marriage, often implying betrayal or moral wrongdoing. This term carries a strong negative connotation in Japanese society. Example sentences: She had an affair with her coworker「彼女は同僚と不倫をしていた」(かのじょはどうりょうとふりんをしていた). The scandal exposed his affair「そのスキャンダルで彼の不倫 が明るみに出た」(そのスキャンダルでかれのふりんがあかるみにでた).
Radical
人
Stroke Count
10JLPT
N1Grade
9Frequency
1721
Handwriting
kanji
瞭Meaning
Clear
Reading
ryou
Parts
目Eye 尞
Example Word
明瞭: clear. The Japanese adjectival noun '明瞭 (めいりょう)' means 'clear' and is used to describe something that is easy to understand, distinct, or unambiguous. It is often used in contexts where clarity of speech, thought, or expression is emphasized. For example: His explanation was clear「彼の説明は明瞭だった」(かれのせつめいはめいりょうだった). The image on the screen is clear「画面の映像は明瞭だ」(がめんのえいぞうはめいりょうだ). This word is commonly used in formal or technical contexts to describe precision and clarity.
Radical
目
Stroke Count
17JLPT
N1Grade
10Frequency
1722
Handwriting
kanji
擦Meaning
Rub, Grate
Reading
su
こすkosu
onyomiさつsatsu
Parts
扌Hand (手)察Guess
Example Word
擦る: rub. The Japanese verb '擦る (する)' means 'to rub'. This verb is used when describing the action of moving one object back and forth against another, often to clean, polish, or cause friction. It can also imply applying pressure while moving. For example: I rubbed my eyes「目を擦った」(めをすった). She rubbed the stain with a cloth「彼女はその染みを布で擦った」(かのじょはそのしみをぬのですった). Additionally, '擦る' can sometimes imply a sense of scraping or grinding, depending on the context. It is important to note that this verb is transitive and typically requires a direct object.
Radical
手
Stroke Count
17JLPT
N1Grade
8Frequency
1729
Handwriting
kanji
僚Meaning
Colleague, Official
Reading
ryou
Parts
亻Person (人)尞
Example Word
官僚: bureaucrat. The Japanese noun '官僚 (かんりょう)' refers to a bureaucrat or government official. It specifically denotes individuals who work in administrative roles within government organizations, often associated with formal procedures and regulations. This term can carry a neutral or slightly negative connotation, depending on the context, as it may imply rigidity or excessive adherence to rules. Example sentences: The bureaucrat made a decision「官僚が決定を下した」(かんりょうがけっていをくだした). Bureaucrats are often criticized for being inflexible「官僚はしばしば柔軟性がないと批判される」(かんりょうはしばしばじゅうなんせいがないとひはんされる).
Radical
人
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N1Grade
9Frequency
1730
Handwriting
kanji
緩Meaning
Easy, Loose
Reading
yuru
onyomiかんkan
Parts
糸Thread 爰
Example Word
緩める: loosen. The Japanese verb '緩める (ゆ るめる)' means 'to loosen' or 'to relax'. It is used to describe the action of making something less tight, less strict, or less intense. This verb can be applied to physical objects, such as loosening a knot, or to abstract concepts, such as relaxing rules or tension. For example: Please loosen the rope「ロープを緩めてください」(ロープをゆるめてください). The government decided to relax the regulations「政府は規制を緩めることに決めた」(せいふはきせいをゆるめることにきめた). It can also be used metaphorically, such as easing one's mind or reducing pressure.
Radical
糸
Stroke Count
15JLPT
N1Grade
8Frequency
1731
Handwriting
kanji
褒Meaning
Praise
Reading
ho
onyomiほうhou
Parts
亠Lid 保Preserve
Example Word
褒める: praise. The Japanese verb '褒める (ほめる)' means 'to praise' or 'to compliment'. It is used when expressing admiration or approval for someone's actions, qualities, or achievements. This verb is commonly used in both formal and informal settings. For example: The teacher praised the student「先生は生徒を褒めた」(せんせいはせいとをほめた). I praised my friend for her hard work「私は友達の努力を褒めた」(わたしはともだちのどりょくをほめた). Note that '褒める' is often used in contexts where positive reinforcement or encouragement is intended.
Radical
衣
Stroke Count
15JLPT
N1Grade
9Frequency
1736
Handwriting
kanji
侵Meaning
Invade
Reading
oka
onyomiしんshin
Parts
亻Person (人)冖Crown 又Again ⺕Hand
Example Word
侵入: intrusion. The Japanese noun '侵入 (しんにゅう)' refers to the act of entering a place without permission, often implying an unwelcome or unauthorized entry. It is commonly used in contexts involving trespassing, breaking and entering, or unauthorized access to restricted areas. For example: The police arrested the man for intrusion「警察はその男を侵入で逮捕した」(けいさつはそのおとこをしんにゅうでたいほした). The security system prevents intrusion「セキュリティシステムが侵入を防ぐ」(セキュリティシステムがしんにゅうをふせぐ). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe unwelcome interference in personal matters or privacy.
Radical
人
Stroke Count
9JLPT
N1Grade
7Frequency
1737
Handwriting
kanji
融Meaning
Fuse, Dissolve
Reading
yuu
Parts
鬲 虫Insect
Example Word
金融: finance. The Japanese noun '金融 (きんゆう)' refers to 'finance' or 'monetary circulation'. It is commonly used in contexts related to banking, investment, and the management of money. For example: The finance industry is growing「金融業界は成長している」(きんゆうぎょうかいはせいちょうしている). He works in finance「彼は金融で働いている」(かれはきんゆうではたらいている). The term can also be used in broader contexts, such as discussing economic policies or financial systems. It is a key term in business and economic discussions in Japan.
Radical
虫
Stroke Count
16JLPT
N1Grade
9Frequency
1738
Handwriting
kanji
稚Meaning
Young, Immature
Reading
chi
Parts
禾Cereal 隹Bird
Example Word
幼稚園: kindergarten. The Japanese noun '幼稚園 (ようちえん)' refers to a 'kindergarten', which is an educational institution for young children, typically between the ages of 3 and 6, before they enter elementary school. This term is commonly used in Japan to describe preschools that focus on early childhood education. For example: My child goes to kindergarten「私の子供は幼稚園に行きます」(わたしのこどもはようちえんにいきます). The kindergarten is near the park「その幼稚園は公園の近くです」(そのようちえんはこうえんのちかくです). It's important to note that '幼稚園' is distinct from '保育園 (ほいくえん)', which is more like a daycare center for younger children.
Radical
禾
Stroke Count
13JLPT
N1Grade
8Frequency
1740
Handwriting
kanji
遮Meaning
Obstruct, Intercept
Reading
saegi
onyomiしゃsha
Parts
⻌Walk 庶Commoner, Manifold
Example Word
遮る: block. The Japanese verb '遮る (さえぎる)' means 'to block' or 'to interrupt'. It is used to describe the act of obstructing something physically, such as blocking a path, or metaphorically, such as interrupting a conversation. For example: The wall blocks the view「壁が視界を遮る」(かべがしかいをさえぎる). He interrupted my speech「彼は私のスピーチを遮った」(かれはわたしのスピーチをさえぎった). This verb can also imply cutting off or hindering progress, as in 'The trees block the sunlight「木々が日光を遮る」(きぎがにっこうをさえぎる)'. It is often used in contexts where something is being prevented from continuing or being seen.
Radical
辵
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N1Grade
9Frequency
1742
Handwriting
kanji
蓄Meaning
Amass, Store up
Reading
takuwa
onyomiちくchiku
Parts
畜Livestock 艹Grass
Example Word
蓄積: accumulation. The Japanese noun '蓄積 (ちくせき)' refers to the act or process of accumulating or gathering something over time. It is often used in contexts related to the buildup of resources, knowledge, data, or even stress. For example: the accumulation of knowledge「知識の蓄積」(ちしきのちくせき). The accumulation of stress can be harmful「ストレスの蓄積は有害です」(ストレスのちくせきはゆうがいです). This term is commonly used in both formal and informal settings to describe gradual buildup or storage.
Radical
艸
Stroke Count
13JLPT
N1Grade
7Frequency
1743
Handwriting
kanji
偏Meaning
Biased
Reading
katayo
onyomiへんhen
Parts
亻Person (人)扁
Example Word
偏見: prejudice. The Japanese noun '偏見 (へんけん)' means 'prejudice'. It refers to preconceived opinions or attitudes, often negative, that are not based on reason or actual experience. This term is commonly used in discussions about social issues, discrimination, or unfair judgments. For example: he has a prejudice against foreigners「彼は外国人に対して偏見を持っている」(かれはがいこくじんにたいしてへんけんをもっている). We must eliminate prejudice「偏見をなくさなければならない」(へんけんをなくさなければならない). The word is often used in formal or serious contexts, highlighting the importance of fairness and open-mindedness.
Radical
人
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N1Grade
9Frequency
1746
Handwriting