Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Composition

word

Meaning

Bid

Reading

Kanji

入Enter 札Tag, Bill

Explanation

The Japanese noun '入札 (にゅうさつ)' refers to a 'bid' in the context of auctions, tenders, or competitive offers. It is commonly used in business, construction, or procurement settings where companies or individuals submit bids to win contracts or purchase items. For example: The company submitted a bid for the project「その会社はプロジェクトに入札した」(そのかいしゃはぷろじぇくとににゅうさつした). The winning bid was announced yesterday「入札の結果は昨日発表された」(にゅうさつのけっかはきのうはっぴょうされた). This term is specific to formal or competitive bidding processes and is not used in casual contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2096

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ashtray

Reading

Kanji

灰Ashes 皿Plate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '灰皿 (はいざら)' refers to an 'ashtray', a container used for collecting ash and cigarette butts. It is commonly found in smoking areas, restaurants, or homes where smoking is permitted. Example sentences: Please use the ashtray「灰皿を使ってください」(はいざらをつかってください). The ashtray is full「灰皿がいっぱいです」(はいざらがいっぱいです). This word is straightforward and does not carry additional meanings or nuances beyond its literal definition.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2097

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Huge

Reading

Kanji

巨Huge, Giant 大Big

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '巨大 (きょだい)' means 'huge' or 'gigantic'. It is used to describe something of an exceptionally large size, often beyond the ordinary. This term can be applied to physical objects, structures, or even abstract concepts like influence or impact. For example: a huge building「巨大なビル」(きょだいなビル). The impact of the event was huge「そのイベントの影響は巨大だった」(そのイベントのえいきょうはきょだいだった). It's important to note that '巨大' often carries a connotation of something being impressively or overwhelmingly large, rather than just big.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2098

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Board

Reading

Kanji

板Board

Explanation

The Japanese noun '板 (いた)' primarily means 'board'. It refers to a flat, rigid piece of material, often made of wood, used for various purposes such as construction, crafting, or as a surface. This word can also be used metaphorically to describe something flat and rigid. Example sentences: He cut the board「彼は板を切った」(かれはいたをきった). The board is too thick「その板は厚すぎる」(そのいたはあつすぎる). In some contexts, '板' can also refer to a stage or platform, especially in traditional Japanese theater, but this usage is less common and more specific.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2099

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Early, Initial

Reading

Kanji

初Beginning, First 期Time, Period

Explanation

The Japanese noun '初期 (しょき)' refers to the early or initial stage of something, such as a period, process, or development. It is often used to describe the beginning phase of events, projects, or historical eras. For example: the early stages of the project「プロジェクトの初期」(ぷろじぇくとのしょき). In the initial phase of the war「戦争の初期」(せんそうのしょき). This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to emphasize the starting point or early period of a timeline.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2100

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

AD

Reading

Kanji

西West 暦Calendar, Almanac

Explanation

The Japanese noun '西暦 (せいれき)' refers to the Gregorian calendar system, commonly used internationally. It is often used to denote years in the Western calendar, similar to 'Anno Domini' (AD) in English. For example: The year 2023 in the Gregorian calendar is 2023年 in 西暦「2023年は西暦2023年です」(にせんにじゅうさんねんはせいれきにせんにじゅうさんねんです). The event occurred in 1999 AD「その出来事は西暦1999年に起こりました」(そのできごとはせいれきせんきゅうひゃくきゅうじゅうきゅうねんにおこりました). This term is essential when discussing historical or international dates in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2102

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Agriculture

Reading

Kanji

農Agriculture 業Business

Explanation

The Japanese noun '農業 (のうぎょう)' means 'agriculture'. It refers to the practice of cultivating crops, raising livestock, and producing food, fiber, and other goods through farming. This term is commonly used in discussions about farming practices, rural economies, and food production. For example: Agriculture is important for the economy「農業は経済にとって重要です」(のうぎょうはけいざいにとってじゅうようです). My family works in agriculture「私の家族は農業をしています」(わたしのかぞくはのうぎょうをしています). The word can also appear in compound terms like '農業技術 (のうぎょうぎじゅつ)' (agricultural technology).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2108

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Increasingly

Reading

Kanji

益Profit, Benefit

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '益々 (ますます)' means 'increasingly' or 'more and more'. It is used to indicate that something is growing or intensifying over time. This word is often used in formal or written contexts, such as business communications, speeches, or literature. For example: The company is increasingly successful「その会社は益々成功しています」(そのかいしゃはますますせいこうしています). The weather is getting colder and colder「天気は益々寒くなっています」(てんきはますますさむくなっています). Note that '益々' is typically used in positive contexts to describe growth or improvement, but it can also be used neutrally to describe any kind of increase.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2113

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fan

Reading

Kanji

扇Fan, Folding fan 風Wind, Style 機Machine, Opportunity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '扇風機 (せんぷうき)' refers to an electric fan, specifically a device used to circulate air and create a cooling effect. It is commonly used in homes, offices, and other indoor spaces, especially during hot weather. Example sentences: The fan is on「扇風機がついている」(せんぷうきがついている). Please turn on the fan「扇風機をつけてください」(せんぷうきをつけてください). This fan is quiet「この扇風機は静かです」(このせんぷうきはしずかです). Note that '扇風機' specifically refers to electric fans and not handheld fans, which are called '団扇 (うちわ)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2114

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pork

Reading

Kanji

豚Pig, Pork 肉Meat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '豚肉 (ぶたにく)' means 'pork'. It refers to the meat of a pig and is commonly used in Japanese cuisine. This word is often seen in menus, recipes, and grocery stores. For example: I bought pork at the supermarket「スーパーで豚肉を買いました」(スーパーでぶたにくをかいました). This dish is made with pork「この料理は豚肉で作られています」(このりょうりはぶたにくでつくられています). Pork is a staple ingredient in many Japanese dishes, such as tonkatsu (pork cutlet) and buta no shogayaki (ginger pork).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2116

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Watch, Clock

Reading

Kanji

時Time, Hour 計Measure, Plan

Explanation

The Japanese noun '時計 (とけい)' refers to devices that measure and indicate time. It can mean both 'clock' (a device typically found on walls or desks) and 'watch' (a portable timepiece worn on the wrist). This word is commonly used in everyday contexts to refer to timekeeping devices. For example: The clock is on the wall「時計は壁にあります」(とけいはかべにあります). I bought a new watch「新しい時計を買いました」(あたらしいとけいをかいました). The context usually clarifies whether it refers to a clock or a watch, but both meanings are widely understood.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2117

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unexpected

Reading

Kanji

意Idea 外Outside

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '意外 (いがい)' means 'unexpected'. It is used to describe situations, events, or outcomes that are surprising or contrary to what one might anticipate. This word often carries a nuance of something being unexpectedly good, bad, or simply different from what was assumed. For example: The test was unexpectedly easy「テストは意外に簡単だった」(テストはいがいにかんたんだった). Her reaction was unexpected「彼女の反応は意外だった」(かのじょのはんのうはいがいだった). It can also be used in phrases like '意外と (いがいと)', which emphasizes the surprising nature of something, as in '意外と面白い (いがいとおもしろい) (unexpectedly interesting)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2120

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Both hands

Reading

Kanji

両Both 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '両手 (りょうて)' means 'both hands'. This term is used to refer to the use or involvement of both hands together, often in activities that require coordination or strength from both hands. It can be used in various contexts, such as physical activities, gestures, or when describing actions that involve both hands. For example: He caught the ball with both hands「彼は両手でボールをキャッチした」(かれはりょうてでぼーるをきゃっちした). Please wash both hands before eating「食べる前に両手を洗ってください」(たべるまえにりょうてをあらってください). The term emphasizes the use of both hands as opposed to just one, highlighting the involvement or necessity of both in the action described.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2121

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Watch

Reading

Kanji

腕Ability, Arm 時Time, Hour 計Measure, Plan

Explanation

The Japanese noun '腕時計 (うでどけい)' refers to a 'watch', specifically a wristwatch. This term is used to describe a timepiece worn on the wrist, typically with a strap or bracelet. It is a common item in daily life and can be used in various contexts, such as fashion, functionality, or as a gift. For example: I bought a new watch「新しい腕時計を買いました」(あたらしいうでどけいをかいました). His watch is very expensive「彼の腕時計はとても高いです」(かれのうでどけいはとてもたかいです). The word is a combination of '腕 (うで)' meaning 'arm' and '時計 (とけい)' meaning 'clock' or 'watch', emphasizing the location where the watch is worn.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2122

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Admirable, Splendid

Reading

Kanji

立Stand 派Sect, Faction

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '立派 (りっぱ)' conveys a sense of excellence, grandeur, or something being commendable. It is often used to describe people, achievements, or objects that are impressive or praiseworthy. For example: He is a splendid person「彼は立派な人です」(かれはりっぱなひとです). This is an admirable achievement「これは立派な成果です」(これはりっぱなせいかです). The term can also imply a sense of dignity or being well-suited for a particular role or purpose, such as in the sentence: She has grown into a splendid adult「彼女は立派な大人になりました」(かのじょはりっぱなおとなになりました).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2124

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oversleeping

Reading

Kanji

寝Lie down, Go to sleep 坊Boy, Sonny

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '寝坊 (ねぼう)' refers to the act of oversleeping or waking up late. It is often used to describe someone who has slept longer than intended, causing them to be late for an appointment, work, or school. For example: I overslept this morning「今朝寝坊した」(けさねぼうした). Don't oversleep tomorrow「明日寝坊しないで」(あしたねぼうしないで). The term can also be used to describe a person who is habitually late due to oversleeping, as in '彼は寝坊だ (かれはねぼうだ) (He is a late riser).' It carries a slightly negative connotation, implying carelessness or lack of punctuality.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2129

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

One after another

Reading

Kanji

次Next

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '次々 (つぎつぎ)' means 'one after another' or 'in succession'. It is used to describe events, actions, or things happening continuously or in rapid sequence. This word emphasizes the flow or progression of events without interruption. For example: new products are released one after another「新製品が次々と発表される」(しんせいひんがつぎつぎとはっぴょうされる). People entered the room one after another「人々が次々と部屋に入った」(ひとびとがつぎつぎとへやにはいった). The adverb often pairs with particles like 'と' to emphasize the continuous nature of the action.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2131

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pencil

Reading

Kanji

鉛Lead 筆Brush

Explanation

The Japanese noun '鉛筆 (えんぴつ)' means 'pencil'. It refers to a common writing instrument made of a thin cylindrical graphite core encased in wood. This word is widely used in everyday contexts, such as in schools, offices, or at home. For example: I bought a new pencil「新しい鉛筆を買いました」(あたらしいえんぴつをかいました). Please lend me a pencil「鉛筆を貸してください」(えんぴつをかしてください). The word is straightforward and does not carry additional nuanced meanings, making it easy to use in various situations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2132

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fountain pen

Reading

Kanji

万Ten thousand 年Year 筆Brush

Explanation

The Japanese noun '万年筆 (まんねんひつ)' refers to a 'fountain pen'. This term is used to describe a type of pen that uses liquid ink stored in a reservoir, which is fed to the nib through capillary action. Fountain pens are often associated with elegance and are commonly used for formal writing or calligraphy. Example sentences: I bought a new fountain pen「新しい万年筆を買いました」(あたらしいまんねんひつをかいました). This fountain pen writes smoothly「この万年筆は書きやすいです」(このまんねんひつはかきやすいです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2133

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bookshelf

Reading

Kanji

本Book, Origin 箱Box

Explanation

The Japanese noun '本箱 (ほんばこ)' refers to a 'bookshelf' or a 'bookcase'. It is a compound word formed from '本 (ほん)' meaning 'book' and '箱 (はこ)' meaning 'box' or 'case'. This word is commonly used to describe furniture designed to store and organize books. For example: I bought a new bookshelf「新しい本箱を買いました」(あたらしいほんばこをかいました). The bookshelf is full of books「本箱は本でいっぱいです」(ほんばこはほんでいっぱいです). It can also refer to smaller storage containers for books, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2136

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Practice

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth 践Tread, Implement

Explanation

The Japanese noun '実践 (じっせん)' means 'practice' in the sense of putting theory or knowledge into action. It is often used in contexts related to education, training, or personal development, where the focus is on applying what has been learned. For example: Practice is important for mastering a skill「実践はスキルを習得するために重要です」(じっせんはスキルをしゅうとくするためにじゅうようです). He put his ideas into practice「彼は自分の考えを実践した」(かれはじぶんのかんがえをじっせんした). The word emphasizes the active application of knowledge rather than just theoretical understanding.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2137

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gloves

Reading

Kanji

手Hand 袋Bag, Sack

Explanation

The Japanese noun '手袋 (てぶくろ)' means 'gloves'. This word refers to a covering for the hands, typically made of fabric, leather, or other materials, worn for protection or warmth. It is commonly used in everyday conversation, especially during colder seasons. For example: I bought new gloves「新しい手袋を買いました」(あたらいてぶくろをかいました). Please wear gloves when it's cold「寒い時は手袋をしてください」(さむいときはてぶくろをしてください). The word can also be used in specific contexts, such as sports or work gloves, but the primary meaning remains consistent.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2138

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relevant

Reading

Kanji

当Hit, Appropriate 該Correspond to

Explanation

The Japanese noun '当該 (とうがい)' means 'relevant' or 'the said'. It is used to refer to something previously mentioned or currently under discussion. This term is often used in formal or legal contexts to specify a particular matter or subject. For example: Please refer to the relevant section「当該のセクションを参照してください」(とうがいのセクションをさんしょうしてください). The said person is not available「当該の人は利用できません」(とうがいのひとはりようできません). It is important to note that '当該' is typically used in written or formal speech rather than casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2139

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Already, No longer

Reading

Kanji

最Most 早Early, Fast

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '最早 (もはや)' is used to express that a situation has already reached a certain point or that something is no longer the case. It often carries a nuance of finality or inevitability. For example: It's already too late「最早手遅れだ」(もはやておくれだ). He is no longer the person he used to be「最早彼は昔の彼ではない」(もはやかれはむかしのかれではない). This word is commonly used in formal or literary contexts and can convey a sense of resignation or conclusion.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2140

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Number

Reading

Kanji

数Number 字Character

Explanation

The Japanese noun '数字 (すうじ)' refers to a 'number' or 'numerical figure'. It is commonly used in contexts involving mathematics, statistics, or any situation where numerical values are discussed. For example: Please write the number here「ここに数字を書いてください」(ここにすうじをかいてください). The numbers on the screen are hard to read「画面の数字が読みにくい」(がめんのすうじがよみにくい). This word can also refer to digits or numerals in a broader sense, such as in phone numbers or codes. It is important to note that '数字' specifically refers to the written or symbolic representation of numbers, not the concept of quantity itself.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2142

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Form

Reading

Kanji

形Shape 態Appearance, Condition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '形態 (けいたい)' refers to the 'form' or 'shape' of something, often in a structural or abstract sense. It is commonly used in contexts related to biology, art, or systems to describe the arrangement or configuration of elements. For example: The form of this sculpture is unique「この彫刻の形態は独特だ」(このちょうこくのけいたいはどくとくだ). The company is changing its organizational structure「会社はその組織形態を変えている」(かいしゃはそのそしきけいたいをかえている). This word can also be used in philosophical or theoretical discussions to describe the nature or essence of something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2143

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Blanket

Reading

Kanji

毛Fur 布Cloth, Linen

Explanation

The Japanese noun '毛布 (もうふ)' refers to a 'blanket'. It is commonly used to describe a thick, warm covering used on beds or for wrapping oneself in. This word is often used in everyday contexts, such as when discussing bedding or staying warm. Example sentences: I bought a new blanket「新しい毛布を買いました」(あたらしいもうふをかいました). This blanket is very warm「この毛布はとても暖かいです」(このもうふはとてもあたたかいです). The word '毛布' can also be used metaphorically to describe something that provides comfort or protection, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2144

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bath

Reading

Kanji

風Wind, Style 呂Bath

Explanation

The Japanese noun '風呂 (ふろ)' refers to a bath, specifically a traditional Japanese bath. This term is commonly used to describe the bathing area or the act of bathing itself. In Japanese culture, taking a bath is often a relaxing and cleansing ritual, and '風呂' can refer to both the bathtub and the entire bathroom area. For example: I will take a bath「風呂に入ります」(ふろにはいります). The bath is ready「風呂が沸きました」(ふろがわきました). It's important to note that '風呂' is often used in the context of a traditional Japanese bathhouse or '銭湯 (せんとう)', where people go to bathe communally.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2145

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Parcel

Reading

Kanji

小Small 包Wrap

Explanation

The Japanese noun '小包 (こづつみ)' refers to a 'parcel' or 'package', typically used for items sent through the mail or delivered to someone. It is commonly used in contexts involving shipping, receiving, or sending items. For example: I received a parcel from my friend「友達から小包が届きました」(ともだちからこづつみがとどきました). Please send this parcel to the address「この小包をこの住所に送ってください」(このこづつみをこのじゅうしょにおくってください). The word is neutral and can refer to packages of any size, though it often implies something smaller or more personal than larger freight or cargo.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2146

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Status

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 位Rank

Explanation

The Japanese noun '地位 (ちい)' refers to one's social or professional position, rank, or status. It is often used to describe someone's standing in society, an organization, or a hierarchy. For example: He has a high status in the company「彼は会社で高い地位を持っている」(かれはかいしゃでたかいちいをもっている). She lost her status after the scandal「彼女はスキャンダルの後、地位を失った」(かのじょはすきゃんだるのあと、ちいをうしなった). This word is commonly used in formal or professional contexts to discuss one's role or standing.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2148

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Phone book

Reading

Kanji

電Electricity 話Talk 帳Notebook

Explanation

The Japanese noun '電話帳 (でんわちょう)' refers to a 'phonebook', which is a directory containing telephone numbers and addresses. This term is commonly used in contexts where one needs to look up contact information. For example: I found his number in the phonebook「電話帳で彼の番号を見つけた」(でんわちょうでかれのばんごうをみつけた). The phonebook is on the table「電話帳はテーブルの上にある」(でんわちょうはテーブルのうえにある). While digital directories are becoming more common, '電話帳' remains a relevant term in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2149

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hot water

Reading

Kanji

湯Hot water

Explanation

The Japanese noun '湯 (ゆ)' refers to 'hot water'. It is commonly used in contexts related to bathing, cooking, or any situation involving heated water. For example: I will pour hot water「湯を注ぎます」(ゆをそそぎます). The hot water is ready「湯が沸きました」(ゆがわきました). This word is distinct from '水 (みず)', which means 'water' in general, as '湯' specifically implies warmth or heat. It is often used in phrases like 'お湯 (おゆ)', which is a polite form of '湯', and is frequently heard in daily life, especially in relation to bathing or tea preparation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2151

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Conversion, Shift

Reading

Kanji

転Revolve 換Exchange

Explanation

The Japanese noun '転換 (てんかん)' refers to a change or transformation from one state, condition, or direction to another. It is often used in contexts involving significant changes, such as in energy conversion, mindset shifts, or policy changes. For example: The company is undergoing a major shift in strategy「会社は戦略の転換をしている」(かいしゃはせんりゃくのてんかんをしている). The conversion of energy is essential for modern technology「エネルギーの転換は現代技術に不可欠だ」(えねるぎーのてんかんはげんだいぎじゅつにふかけつだ). This word can also imply a deliberate or planned change, often with a focus on improvement or adaptation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2152

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Price

Reading

Kanji

値Value, Price 段Step, Stairs

Explanation

The Japanese noun '値段 (ねだん)' refers to the 'price' of an item or service. It is commonly used in everyday conversations, especially when discussing shopping, goods, or services. For example: What is the price of this shirt?「このシャツの値段はいくらですか？」(このシャツのねだんはいくらですか？). The price of this car is high「この車の値段は高い」(このくるまのねだんはたかい). It is important to note that '値段' specifically refers to the monetary value of something, and it is often used interchangeably with '価格 (かかく)', though '価格' tends to be more formal and used in business contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2156

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Train

Reading

Kanji

電Electricity 車Car

Explanation

The Japanese noun '電車 (でんしゃ)' refers to an electric train, commonly used for public transportation in Japan. It specifically denotes trains powered by electricity, as opposed to other types of trains like steam or diesel. This word is widely used in daily conversations and is essential for navigating Japan's extensive rail network. Example sentences: I take the train to work「電車で仕事に行きます」(でんしゃでしごとにいきます). The train is crowded「電車は混んでいます」(でんしゃはこんでいます). Note that '電車' is often used interchangeably with '列車 (れっしゃ)' in casual contexts, but '列車' can refer to any type of train, not just electric ones.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2157

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clap

Reading

Kanji

拍Clap, Beat 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '拍手 (はくしゅ)' means 'clap' or 'applause'. It refers to the act of clapping one's hands together, often as a form of appreciation, approval, or celebration. This word is commonly used in contexts such as performances, speeches, or ceremonies. For example: let's give a round of applause「拍手をお願いします」(はくしゅをおねがいします). The audience clapped loudly「観客は大きな拍手を送りました」(かんきゃくはおおきなはくしゅをおくりました). It's important to note that '拍手' can also be used metaphorically to express approval or encouragement in a broader sense.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2161

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Not yet

Reading

Kanji

未Not yet

Explanation

The Japanese noun '未 (み)' means 'not yet' or 'still not'. It is often used to indicate that something has not yet happened or been completed. This word is commonly used in compound words or phrases to express the idea of something being incomplete or pending. For example: The project is not yet finished「プロジェクトは未完了です」(ぷろじぇくとはみかんりょうです). He has not yet arrived「彼は未到着です」(かれはみとうちゃくです). The word '未' can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as '未解決 (みかいけつ)' meaning 'unresolved' or '未確認 (みかくにん)' meaning 'unconfirmed'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2163

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cleaning

Reading

Kanji

掃Sweep 除Exclude, Remove

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '掃除 (そうじ)' means 'cleaning'. It refers to the act of cleaning or tidying up a space, such as a room, house, or area. This word is commonly used in daily life and can be combined with other words to specify the type of cleaning, such as '部屋の掃除 (へやのそうじ)' (room cleaning). Example sentences: I do cleaning every morning「毎朝掃除をします」(まいあさそうじをします). Please clean your room「部屋を掃除してください」(へやをそうじしてください). The word can also imply a sense of maintaining order or hygiene.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2166

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Vacuum

Reading

Kanji

掃Sweep 除Exclude, Remove 機Machine, Opportunity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '掃除機 (そうじき)' refers to a 'vacuum cleaner', a device used for cleaning floors and surfaces by suction. It is commonly used in households and workplaces. Example sentences: I bought a new vacuum「新しい掃除機を買いました」(あたらしいそうじきをかいました). Please use the vacuum to clean the room「部屋を掃除するために掃除機を使ってください」(へやをそうじするためにそうじきをつかってください). The word is a combination of '掃除 (そうじ)', meaning 'cleaning', and '機 (き)', meaning 'machine'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2167

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Handshake

Reading

Kanji

握Grasp, Grip 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '握手 (あくしゅ)' means 'handshake'. It refers to the act of shaking hands, typically as a greeting, agreement, or sign of mutual respect. This term is commonly used in formal or business settings. For example: we exchanged handshakes「私たちは握手を交わしました」(わたしたちはあくしゅをかわしました). He offered a handshake as a sign of reconciliation「彼は和解の印として握手を申し出た」(かれはわかいのしるしとしてあくしゅをもうしでた). Note that while '握手' is a noun, it can function as a verbal noun (suru-verb) when combined with 'する', as in '握手する (あくしゅする)' meaning 'to shake hands'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2169

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Empire

Reading

Kanji

帝Emperor, Sovereign 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese noun '帝国 (ていこく)' means 'empire'. It refers to a large and powerful group of states or countries under a single supreme authority, often an emperor or empress. This term is commonly used in historical contexts to describe vast territories ruled by a central power, such as the Roman Empire or the British Empire. In modern usage, it can also metaphorically describe large, dominant organizations or entities. Example sentences: The Roman Empire was vast「ローマ帝国は広大だった」(ろーまていこくはこうだいだった). The company is an empire in the tech industry「その会社はテック業界の帝国だ」(そのかいしゃはてっくぎょうかいのていこくだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2170

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Scene

Reading

Kanji

場Place 面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '場面 (ばめん)' means 'scene'. It refers to a specific moment, situation, or setting, often in the context of a story, movie, play, or real-life event. This word is commonly used to describe a particular part of a narrative or a significant moment in time. For example: the scene was very emotional「その場面はとても感動的だった」(そのばめんはとてもかんどうてきだった). I remember that scene clearly「その場面をはっきり覚えている」(そのばめんをはっきりおぼえている). It can also be used in everyday conversations to describe a situation, such as 'the scene at the party was lively'「パーティーの場面は賑やかだった」(ぱーてぃーのばめんはにぎやかだった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2171

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Home

Reading

Kanji

自Self 宅House

Explanation

The Japanese noun '自宅 (じたく)' refers to one's own home or residence. It is commonly used to specify a personal living space, as opposed to someone else's home or a public place. For example: I stayed at home today「今日は自宅にいました」(きょうはじたくにいました). My home is near the station「私の自宅は駅の近くです」(わたしのじたくはえきのちかくです). The word emphasizes the personal and private nature of the location, often used in formal or polite contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2173

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bond, Security

Reading

Kanji

証Evidence 券Ticket

Explanation

The Japanese noun '証券 (しょうけん)' primarily refers to financial securities, such as stocks, bonds, or other tradable financial instruments. It is commonly used in financial and legal contexts. For example: He bought a security「彼は証券を買った」(かれはしょうけんをかった). The company issued bonds「その会社は証券を発行した」(そのかいしゃはしょうけんをはっこうした). Note that while 'security' is the most common translation, in specific contexts, it can also refer to bonds or other financial documents.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2177

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Workplace

Reading

Kanji

職Employment 場Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '職場 (しょくば)' refers to the place where someone works, commonly translated as 'workplace' or 'office'. It is used to describe the physical location or environment where work is conducted. This term is neutral and can be applied to various types of work environments, from corporate offices to factories. Example sentences: I like my workplace「私の職場が好きです」(わたしのしょくばがすきです). The workplace is quiet today「職場は今日静かです」(しょくばはきょうしずかです). It can also be used in a broader sense to refer to the professional environment or community, such as in '職場の人間関係 (しょくばのにんげんかんけい)' (workplace relationships).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2178

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Budget

Reading

Kanji

予Beforehand 算Calculate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '予算 (よさん)' means 'budget'. It refers to a financial plan or estimate of income and expenses for a set period of time. This term is commonly used in both personal and organizational contexts, such as government budgets, company budgets, or household budgets. For example: The budget for this project is tight「このプロジェクトの予算は厳しい」(このプロジェクトのよさんはきびしい). We need to adjust the budget「予算を調整する必要がある」(よさんをちょうせいするひつようがある). The word can also be used in compound terms like '予算案 (よさんあん)' (budget proposal) or '予算編成 (よさんへんせい)' (budget formulation).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2179

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Injury

Reading

Kanji

怪Weird, Suspicious 我Self, Ego

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '怪我 (けが)' means 'injury'. It refers to physical harm or damage to the body, such as cuts, bruises, or sprains. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and medical contexts. For example: I got a minor injury「軽い怪我をした」(かるいけがをした). Be careful not to get injured「怪我をしないように気をつけて」(けがをしないようにきをつけて). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe emotional or psychological harm, though this usage is less common. It is important to note that '怪我' specifically refers to injuries caused by accidents or external factors, not illnesses or diseases.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2182

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Endure, Patience

Reading

Kanji

我Self, Ego 慢Ridicule, Arrogant

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '我慢 (がまん)' primarily means 'endure' or 'patience'. It refers to the act of enduring or tolerating something difficult, unpleasant, or painful without complaining. This word is often used in contexts where one must suppress their emotions, desires, or discomfort. For example: I endured the pain「痛みを我慢した」(いたみをがまんした). You need to have patience「我慢が必要だ」(がまんがひつようだ). It can also imply self-control, such as resisting the urge to do something, like in: I resisted eating sweets「甘いものを我慢した」(あまいものをがまんした). Note that '我慢' is commonly used in daily conversations and carries a sense of perseverance or holding back.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2184

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Evil

Reading

Kanji

悪Evil

Explanation

The Japanese noun '悪 (あく)' means 'evil'. It refers to something morally wrong, harmful, or malevolent. This word is often used in contexts involving morality, ethics, or negative actions. For example: He is the embodiment of evil「彼は悪の化身だ」(かれはあくのけしんだ). The evil in his heart was clear「彼の心の悪は明らかだった」(かれのこころのあくはあきらかだった). It can also be used in compounds like '悪意 (あくい)' (malice) or '悪魔 (あくま)' (devil). Note that '悪' can also be read as 'わる' in other contexts, but here it specifically refers to the concept of evil as a noun.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2185

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kindergarten

Reading

Kanji

幼Childhood, Infancy 稚Young, Immature 園Garden

Explanation

The Japanese noun '幼稚園 (ようちえん)' refers to a 'kindergarten', which is an educational institution for young children, typically between the ages of 3 and 6, before they enter elementary school. This term is commonly used in Japan to describe preschools that focus on early childhood education. For example: My child goes to kindergarten「私の子供は幼稚園に行きます」(わたしのこどもはようちえんにいきます). The kindergarten is near the park「その幼稚園は公園の近くです」(そのようちえんはこうえんのちかくです). It's important to note that '幼稚園' is distinct from '保育園 (ほいくえん)', which is more like a daycare center for younger children.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2186

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Buddhism

Reading

Kanji

仏Buddha 教Teach

Explanation

The Japanese noun '仏教 (ぶっきょう)' refers to 'Buddhism', the religion and philosophy based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, known as the Buddha. This term is used to describe the religion itself, its practices, and its teachings. For example: Buddhism originated in India「仏教はインドで始まった」(ぶっきょうはインドではじまった). Many Japanese people practice Buddhism「多くの日本人が仏教を信仰している」(おおくのにほんじんがぶっきょうをしんこうしている). The word is often used in contexts related to religion, culture, and history.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2187

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Second half

Reading

Kanji

後After, Behind 半Half

Explanation

The Japanese noun '後半 (こうはん)' refers to the 'second half' of something, such as a period of time, an event, or a game. It is often used in contexts like sports, movies, or academic terms. For example: The second half of the movie was exciting「映画の後半は興奮した」(えいがのこうはんはこうふんした). The second half of the year is busy「年の後半は忙しい」(としのこうはんはいそがしい). This term is commonly paired with '前半 (ぜんはん)' to denote the first half of something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2189

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Charm

Reading

Kanji

魅Charm, Alluring 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese noun '魅力 (みりょく)' refers to 'charm' or 'attractiveness'. It is used to describe the quality of being appealing or fascinating, whether in a person, object, or situation. For example: Her charm is irresistible「彼女の魅力はたまらない」(かのじょのみりょくはたまらない). This city has a unique charm「この街は独特の魅力がある」(このまちはどくとくのみりょくがある). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as the charm of a story or the attractiveness of a job offer. It is a versatile term often used in both casual and formal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2190

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shade

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun 陰Shade

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日陰 (ひかげ)' refers to a place where sunlight is blocked, creating shade. It is commonly used to describe areas under trees, buildings, or other structures that block direct sunlight. For example: let's rest in the shade「日陰で休みましょう」(ひかげでやすみましょう). The flowers grow well in the shade「その花は日陰でよく育つ」(そのはなはひかげでよくそだつ). This word can also carry a metaphorical meaning, such as being in the shadow of someone or something, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2192

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Doctor

Reading

Kanji

医Doctor

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '医 (い)' means 'doctor' and is used to refer to medical professionals. It is commonly attached to other words to form terms related to medicine or medical practice. For example: a hospital doctor「病院の医者」(びょういんのいしゃ). A medical student「医学生」(いがくせい). This suffix is often seen in compound words and is a key component in many medical-related terms. It's important to note that '医' by itself is not typically used as a standalone word but rather as part of a larger term.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2197

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fire station

Reading

Kanji

消Extinguish 防Prevent, Defend 署Government office

Explanation

The Japanese noun '消防署 (しょうぼうしょ)' refers to a 'fire station', which is a facility where firefighters and firefighting equipment are stationed. This term is commonly used in contexts related to emergency services, fire safety, and public safety infrastructure. For example: The fire station is near the park「消防署は公園の近くです」(しょうぼうしょはこうえんのちかくです). I called the fire station to report the fire「火事を報告するために消防署に電話しました」(かじをほうこくするためにしょうぼうしょにでんわしました). The word is a compound of '消防 (しょうぼう)', meaning 'firefighting', and '署 (しょ)', meaning 'office' or 'station'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2198

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Green

Reading

Kanji

緑Green

Explanation

The Japanese noun '緑 (みどり)' means 'green'. It refers to the color green and is often used to describe natural elements like plants, trees, and grass. It can also symbolize nature or environmental themes. For example: The leaves are green「葉っぱは緑です」(はっぱはみどりです). I like the green of the forest「森の緑が好きです」(もりのみどりがすきです). The word can also be used metaphorically to represent freshness, growth, or vitality, as in '緑のエネルギー (みどりのえねるぎー) (green energy)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2199

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Canned food

Reading

Kanji

缶Can, Tin can 詰Stuff, Packed

Explanation

The Japanese noun '缶詰 (かんづめ)' refers to 'canned food'. This term is used to describe food that has been preserved and sealed in cans. It is commonly used in everyday conversation when referring to various types of canned goods, such as vegetables, fruits, or meats. For example: I bought canned tuna「缶詰のツナを買いました」(かんづめのツナをかいました). Canned food is convenient for camping「缶詰はキャンプに便利です」(かんづめはキャンプにべんりです). Additionally, '缶詰' can also metaphorically describe a situation where someone is confined or isolated, similar to being 'canned', though this usage is less common and more contextual.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2201

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ancient, Antiquity

Reading

Kanji

古Old 代Substitute, Era

Explanation

The Japanese noun '古代 (こだい)' refers to ancient times or antiquity. It is often used to describe historical periods, particularly those in the distant past, such as ancient civilizations or eras. This term is commonly used in historical, archaeological, or cultural contexts. For example: I am studying ancient history「私は古代史を勉強しています」(わたしはこだいしをべんきょうしています). This artifact is from antiquity「この遺物は古代のものです」(このいぶつはこだいのものです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something as being from a bygone era, such as 'ancient traditions' (古代の伝統, こだいのでんとう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2203

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Barber

Reading

Kanji

床Bed, Floor 屋Shop, Roof

Explanation

The Japanese noun '床屋 (とこや)' refers to a 'barber' or a 'barbershop'. It is commonly used to describe a place where men go to get their hair cut or styled. The term is often associated with traditional barbershops, which may also offer services like shaving. Example sentences: I went to the barber「床屋に行った」(とこやにいった). The barber is skilled「床屋は上手だ」(とこやはじょうずだ). Note that '床屋' is typically used for male-oriented haircuts, while '美容院 (びよういん)' is more commonly used for hair salons catering to women.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2206

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ball, Jewel

Reading

Kanji

玉Ball, Jewel

Explanation

The Japanese noun '玉 (たま)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'ball', referring to a spherical object, such as a sports ball or a decorative sphere. For example: The child is playing with a ball「子供が玉で遊んでいる」(こどもがたまであそんでいる). The second meaning is 'jewel', referring to a precious stone or gem. For example: She wore a beautiful jewel「彼女は美しい玉を身につけていた」(かのじょはうつくしいたまをみにつけていた). The context in which '玉' is used will determine whether it refers to a ball or a jewel. It is important to note that '玉' can also be used metaphorically to describe something valuable or precious, similar to how 'jewel' is used in English.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2208

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Princess

Reading

Kanji

姫Princess

Explanation

The Japanese noun '姫 (ひめ)' primarily means 'princess'. It is used to refer to a daughter of royalty or nobility, often in historical or fairy-tale contexts. In modern usage, it can also be used affectionately or metaphorically to describe a beloved or cherished woman, such as a daughter or girlfriend. For example: The princess is beautiful「姫は美しい」(ひめはうつくしい). She is like a princess「彼女は姫のようだ」(かのじょはひめのようだ). Note that '姫' can also appear in compound words, such as '姫路城 (ひめじじょう)', which refers to Himeji Castle, a famous historical site in Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2210

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Darkness

Reading

Kanji

闇Darkness

Explanation

The Japanese noun '闇 (やみ)' means 'darkness'. It refers to the absence of light, often used to describe physical darkness, such as in a room or at night. It can also metaphorically represent emotional or moral darkness, such as despair, ignorance, or evil. For example: The room was filled with darkness「部屋は闇に包まれていた」(へやはやみにつつまれていた). He fell into the darkness of despair「彼は絶望の闇に落ちた」(かれはぜつぼうのやみにおちた). The word can also be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '闇取引 (やみとりひき)' (black market dealings).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2211

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Honorifics

Reading

Kanji

敬Respect 語Language, Word

Explanation

The Japanese noun '敬語 (けいご)' refers to 'honorifics', which are a system of linguistic expressions used to show respect, politeness, or social distance. It is a crucial aspect of Japanese language and culture, often used in formal settings, business interactions, or when speaking to someone of higher status. There are three main types of 敬語: 尊敬語 (そんけいご, respectful language), 謙譲語 (けんじょうご, humble language), and 丁寧語 (ていねいご, polite language). For example: Please use honorifics when speaking to the teacher「先生には敬語を使ってください」(せんせいにはけいごをつかってください). I struggle with using honorifics correctly「敬語を正しく使うのが難しい」(けいごをただしくつかうのがむずかしい). Mastering 敬語 is essential for navigating Japanese social hierarchies and maintaining proper etiquette.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2214

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shoes

Reading

Kanji

靴Shoe, Shoes

Explanation

The Japanese noun '靴 (くつ)' means 'shoes'. It refers to footwear worn on the feet, typically covering the foot and extending below the ankle. This word is commonly used in everyday conversations when discussing clothing, fashion, or daily activities. For example: I bought new shoes「新しい靴を買いました」(あたらしいくつをかいました). Please take off your shoes「靴を脱いでください」(くつをぬいでください). The word '靴' can also be used in compound words, such as '運動靴 (うんどうぐつ)' (sports shoes) or '革靴 (かわぐつ)' (leather shoes).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2215

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Counter

Reading

Kanji

杯Cup, Cupfuls

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '杯 (はい)' is a counter used for counting cups, glasses, or bowlfuls of liquid. It is commonly used when referring to drinks or liquid servings. For example: one cup of coffee「コーヒー一杯」(コーヒーいっぱい). Two glasses of water「水二杯」(みずにはい). This counter is versatile and can be used with various beverages, such as tea, juice, or alcohol. It's important to note that the pronunciation changes to 'ぱい' when combined with certain numbers, such as 'いっぱい' for one cup.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2216

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Respect

Reading

Kanji

尊Respect, Revered 敬Respect

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '尊敬 (そんけい)' means 'respect'. It is used to express a feeling of deep admiration for someone or something due to their abilities, qualities, or achievements. This term is often used in formal or polite contexts, such as when discussing elders, superiors, or individuals who have earned admiration. For example: I respect my teacher「私は先生を尊敬しています」(わたしはせんせいをそんけいしています). Respect is important in Japanese culture「尊敬は日本の文化で重要です」(そんけいはにほんのぶんかでじゅうようです). Note that '尊敬' can also be used as a verb in the form '尊敬する (そんけいする)', meaning 'to respect'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2217

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Logic

Reading

Kanji

論Theory, Argument 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese noun '論理 (ろんり)' refers to 'logic', the systematic method of reasoning used to arrive at valid conclusions. It is often used in academic, philosophical, or technical contexts to describe structured thinking or argumentation. For example: His argument lacks logic「彼の議論は論理に欠けている」(かれのぎろんはろんりにかけている). The logic of this theory is difficult to understand「この理論の論理は理解しにくい」(このりろんのろんりはりかいしにくい). The word can also be used in compound terms like '論理的 (ろんりてき)' (logical) or '論理学 (ろんりがく)' (the study of logic).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2218

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Group

Reading

Kanji

連Take along 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese noun '連中 (れんじゅう)' refers to a group of people, often with a slightly informal or colloquial tone. It can be used to describe a group of individuals, such as friends, colleagues, or even a crowd, but it sometimes carries a nuance of referring to people in a slightly dismissive or casual manner. For example: That group is always noisy「あの連中はいつもうるさい」(あのれんじゅうはいつもうるさい). I don't trust those people「あの連中は信用できない」(あのれんじゅうはしんようできない). The term is commonly used in everyday conversation but may not be suitable for formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2219

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thunder

Reading

Kanji

雷Thunder, Lightning

Explanation

The Japanese noun '雷 (かみなり)' means 'thunder'. It refers to the loud, rumbling sound that accompanies lightning during a storm. This word is often used in weather-related contexts and can evoke a sense of power or fear due to the loud and sudden nature of thunder. For example: The thunder is loud「雷が大きい」(かみなりがおおきい). I am scared of thunder「雷が怖い」(かみなりがこわい). In Japanese culture, thunder is sometimes associated with the gods or supernatural forces, adding a layer of cultural significance to the word.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2220

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Next day

Reading

Kanji

翌Next, Following 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '翌日 (よくじつ)' means 'next day'. It refers to the day immediately following a specific day or event. This word is commonly used in contexts where the focus is on the sequence of days, such as schedules, plans, or narratives. For example: The meeting is scheduled for the next day「会議は翌日に予定されています」(かいぎはよくじつによていされています). He left the next day「彼は翌日に出発した」(かれはよくじつにしゅっぱつした). Note that '翌日' is often used in formal or written contexts, and it emphasizes the chronological order of events.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2221

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oil

Reading

Kanji

油Oil

Explanation

The Japanese noun '油 (あぶら)' means 'oil'. This word is used to refer to various types of oil, including cooking oil, machine oil, or even oil in a metaphorical sense. It is a common word in everyday life and can be used in a variety of contexts. For example: I use olive oil for cooking「オリーブ油を使って料理します」(おりーぶあぶらをつかってりょうりします). The machine needs oil「機械に油が必要です」(きかいにあぶらがひつようです). Additionally, '油' can be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '油を売る (あぶらをうる)', which means 'to dawdle' or 'to waste time'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2222

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rule

Reading

Kanji

規Standard, Regulation 則Rule

Explanation

The Japanese noun '規則 (きそく)' means 'rule' or 'regulation'. It refers to a prescribed guideline or principle that governs behavior, actions, or procedures within a specific context, such as an organization, game, or society. This word is commonly used in formal settings, such as schools, workplaces, or legal systems. For example: follow the rules「規則を守る」(きそくをまもる). The rules of this game are strict「このゲームの規則は厳しい」(このゲームのきそくはきびしい). It can also refer to natural laws or principles, such as the rules of physics「物理の規則」(ぶつりのきそく).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2223

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Complete, Splendid

Reading

Kanji

見See 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '見事 (みごと)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'splendid' or 'magnificent', often used to describe something that is impressively beautiful or well-executed. For example: The fireworks were splendid「花火は見事だった」(はなびはみごとだった). The second meaning is 'complete' or 'thorough', often used to describe something that is done fully or perfectly. For example: He failed completely「彼は見事に失敗した」(かれはみごとにしっぱいした). The word can also carry a nuance of admiration or awe, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2225

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crossing, Railroad

Reading

Kanji

踏Step on, Step 切Cut

Explanation

The Japanese noun '踏切 (ふみきり)' refers to a 'railroad crossing', which is a place where a road or path intersects with railway tracks. It is commonly used in contexts related to transportation and safety. For example: Be careful at the railroad crossing「踏切に気をつけて」(ふみきりにきをつけて). The train is approaching the crossing「電車が踏切に近づいている」(でんしゃがふみきりにちかづいている). This word is essential for understanding directions and safety warnings in Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2226

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Future

Reading

Kanji

未Not yet 来Come

Explanation

The Japanese noun '未来 (みらい)' means 'future'. It refers to the time that is yet to come or events that will happen after the present. This word is commonly used in various contexts, such as discussing future plans, predictions, or aspirations. For example: I am excited about the future「未来が楽しみです」(みらいがたのしみです). The future is full of possibilities「未来は可能性に満ちている」(みらいはかのうせいにみちている). It can also be used in more abstract or philosophical discussions about the future of humanity or technology.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2228

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tool

Reading

Kanji

道Way 具Tool

Explanation

The Japanese noun '道具 (どうぐ)' means 'tool'. This word refers to any implement or device used to carry out a particular function or task. It can be used in a wide range of contexts, from everyday household items to specialized equipment for various professions. For example: I bought a new tool「新しい道具を買いました」(あたらしいどうぐをかいました). This tool is very useful「この道具はとても便利です」(このどうぐはとてもべんりです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that aids in achieving a goal, such as knowledge or skills being tools for success.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2230

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

More

Reading

Kanji

一One 層Layer

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一層 (いっそう)' means 'more' or 'even more'. It is used to indicate an increase in degree or intensity of something. This word is often used in comparisons or to emphasize a change. For example: It became even more interesting「一層面白くなった」(いっそうおもしろくなった). I will try even harder「一層頑張ります」(いっそうがんばります). The word can also be used in formal contexts to express a heightened state or condition. Note that '一層' is often used with adjectives or verbs to amplify their meaning.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2232

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Again, Also

Reading

Kanji

又Again

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '又 (また)' has two primary meanings: 'again' and 'also'. When used to mean 'again', it indicates repetition or recurrence of an action or event. For example: I will visit Japan again「また日本を訪れます」(またにほんをおとずれます). When used to mean 'also', it adds information or indicates an additional item or action. For example: He is also a teacher「彼はまた先生です」(かれはまたせんせいです). The nuance of 'また' can vary depending on context, but it generally conveys a sense of addition or repetition. It is commonly used in both casual and formal settings.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2233

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Condition

Reading

Kanji

具Tool 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese noun '具合 (ぐあい)' refers to the state, condition, or manner in which something is functioning or happening. It is often used to describe the physical condition of a person, the state of a machine, or the progress of a situation. For example: How is your condition?「具合はどうですか？」(ぐあいはどうですか？). The machine's condition is bad「機械の具合が悪い」(きかいのぐあいがわるい). It can also be used to inquire about the progress or status of something, such as a project or plan. The word is versatile and can be applied to both physical and abstract states.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2234

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Baseball

Reading

Kanji

野Field 球Ball

Explanation

The Japanese noun '野球 (やきゅう)' means 'baseball'. It refers to the sport of baseball, which is widely popular in Japan. The word is used in various contexts, such as discussing games, players, or the sport in general. For example: I like baseball「私は野球が好きです」(わたしはやきゅうがすきです). He plays baseball「彼は野球をします」(かれはやきゅうをします). The term is also used in compound words, such as '野球場 (やきゅうじょう)' (baseball stadium) or '野球選手 (やきゅうせんしゅ)' (baseball player).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2235

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Salt

Reading

Kanji

塩Salt

Explanation

The Japanese noun '塩 (しお)' means 'salt'. This word refers to the common seasoning used in cooking and food preparation. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something essential or fundamental. For example: please pass the salt「塩を取ってください」(しおをとってください). Salt is essential for cooking「塩は料理に欠かせない」(しおはりょうりにかかせない). In Japanese culture, salt is sometimes used in purification rituals, such as sprinkling salt at the entrance of a home to ward off evil spirits.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2239

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Days

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日々 (ひび)' means 'days'. It refers to the passage of time, specifically the everyday or daily occurrences. This word is often used to describe the routine or the flow of daily life. For example: I enjoy my days「私は日々を楽しんでいます」(わたしはひびをたのしんでいます). The days pass by quickly「日々は早く過ぎる」(ひびははやくすぎる). It can also be used in a more poetic or reflective context to emphasize the continuous nature of time.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2240

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Subject

Reading

Kanji

主Master 体Body

Explanation

The Japanese noun '主体 (しゅたい)' primarily means 'subject'. It refers to the main entity or the central figure in a context, often used in philosophical, grammatical, or organizational discussions. In grammar, it denotes the subject of a sentence. In a broader sense, it can refer to the main body or core part of an organization or movement. Example sentences include: The subject of the sentence is clear「文の主体は明確です」(ぶんのしゅたいはめいかくです). The organization's main body decided to change the policy「組織の主体が方針を変えることに決めた」(そしきのしゅたいがほうしんをかえることにきめた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2242

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fee

Reading

Kanji

料Materials, Fee 金Gold

Explanation

The Japanese noun '料金 (りょうきん)' refers to a fee or charge for a service or product. It is commonly used in contexts such as transportation, utilities, or services. For example: The train fee is expensive「電車の料金は高いです」(でんしゃのりょうきんはたかいです). Please pay the parking fee「駐車料金を払ってください」(ちゅうしゃりょうきんをはらってください). This word is neutral in tone and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2243

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hindrance, Intrusion

Reading

Kanji

邪Wicked 魔Witch, Demon

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '邪魔 (じゃま)' primarily means 'hindrance' or 'intrusion'. It is used to describe something or someone that obstructs, interferes, or gets in the way of an activity or situation. For example: Sorry for being a hindrance「邪魔してすみません」(じゃましてすみません). Don't disturb me now「今邪魔しないで」(いまじゃましないで). The word can also be used to describe physical obstructions, such as objects blocking a path, or metaphorical ones, like distractions. It is commonly used in polite expressions to apologize for interrupting or inconveniencing someone.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2244

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cold medicine

Reading

Kanji

風Wind, Style 邪Wicked 薬Medicine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '風邪薬 (かぜぐすり)' refers to 'cold medicine'. This term is used to describe medication specifically designed to treat symptoms of the common cold, such as fever, cough, and sore throat. It is commonly found in pharmacies and is a staple in Japanese households, especially during the colder months. Example sentences: I bought cold medicine at the pharmacy「薬局で風邪薬を買いました」(やっきょくでかぜぐすりをかいました). Take this cold medicine before bed「寝る前にこの風邪薬を飲んでください」(ねるまえにこのかぜぐすりをのんでください).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2245

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bathhouse

Reading

Kanji

風Wind, Style 呂Bath 屋Shop, Roof

Explanation

The Japanese noun '風呂屋 (ふろや)' refers to a traditional Japanese public bathhouse. These establishments are places where people go to bathe, often featuring large communal baths, saunas, and sometimes additional services like massages. The term is deeply rooted in Japanese culture, where public bathing has been a common practice for centuries. For example: I went to the bathhouse yesterday「昨日、風呂屋に行きました」(きのう、ふろやにいきました). The bathhouse is very relaxing「風呂屋はとてもリラックスできます」(ふろやはとてもりらっくすできます). It's important to note that '風呂屋' specifically refers to the establishment itself, not the act of bathing.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2248

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Long term

Reading

Kanji

長Long, Leader 期Time, Period

Explanation

The Japanese noun '長期 (ちょうき)' refers to a 'long-term' period or duration. It is commonly used in contexts discussing time frames that extend over a considerable length, such as in financial investments, projects, or plans. For example: long-term investment「長期投資」(ちょうきとうし). We need a long-term plan「長期の計画が必要です」(ちょうきのけいかくがひつようです). The term emphasizes the extended nature of the period in question, often implying stability, commitment, or a focus on future outcomes.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2250

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Showa

Reading

Kanji

昭Shining 和Peace

Explanation

The Japanese noun '昭和 (しょうわ)' refers to the Showa era, which was the period of Japanese history corresponding to the reign of Emperor Hirohito, from December 25, 1926, to January 7, 1989. This era is often associated with significant events in Japan, including World War II, the post-war economic miracle, and the country's rise as a global economic power. The term is also used to describe things or cultural aspects from that period. For example: The Showa era was a time of great change「昭和時代は大きな変化の時代でした」(しょうわじだいはおおきなへんかのじだいでした). This is a Showa-style house「これは昭和風の家です」(これはしょうわふうのいえです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2252

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Black tea

Reading

Kanji

紅Crimson 茶Tea

Explanation

The Japanese noun '紅茶 (こうちゃ)' refers to 'black tea'. This term is used to describe the type of tea that is more oxidized than green, oolong, and white teas, resulting in a stronger flavor. It is commonly consumed in Japan, often served hot or cold. Example sentences include: I drink black tea every morning「毎朝紅茶を飲みます」(まいあさこうちゃをのみます). This black tea is very fragrant「この紅茶はとても香りがいい」(このこうちゃはとてもかおりがいい). Note that '紅茶' specifically refers to black tea and not other types of tea, which have different names in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2254

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rock

Reading

Kanji

岩Boulder

Explanation

The Japanese noun '岩 (いわ)' means 'rock'. It refers to a large, solid mass of stone or mineral material. This word is commonly used to describe natural rock formations, such as cliffs, boulders, or large stones. For example: There is a big rock in the river「川に大きな岩がある」(かわにおおきないわがある). The climber stood on the rock「クライマーは岩の上に立った」(クライマーはいわのうえにたった). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something solid or unyielding, like a person's resolve.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2256

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Earlier

Reading

Kanji

先Before, Previous 程Order, Extent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '先程 (さきほど)' means 'earlier' or 'a short while ago'. It is used to refer to something that happened in the recent past, typically within a short timeframe. This word is often used in formal or polite contexts. For example: I saw him earlier「先程彼を見かけました」(さきほどかれをみかけました). The package arrived earlier「先程荷物が届きました」(さきほどにもつがとどきました). Note that '先程' is more formal than 'さっき', which also means 'a while ago' but is used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2257

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cabinet

Reading

Kanji

内Inside 閣Cabinet

Explanation

The Japanese noun '内閣 (ないかく)' refers to the 'cabinet' in a governmental context. It specifically denotes the group of ministers or executives who are responsible for the administration and policy-making of a government. This term is commonly used in political discussions and news reports. For example: The cabinet held a meeting「内閣は会議を開いた」(ないかくはかいぎをひらいた). The prime minister reshuffled the cabinet「首相は内閣を改造した」(しゅしょうはないかくをかいぞうした). The term is often associated with the executive branch of government and is a key component in the political structure of Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2258

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pillow

Reading

Kanji

枕Pillow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '枕 (まくら)' refers to a 'pillow', which is a cushion used to support the head while sleeping. It is a common household item and is essential for comfort during rest. The word can also be used metaphorically or in idiomatic expressions, such as '枕を高くして寝る (まくらをたかくしてねる)', which means 'to sleep soundly without worries'. Example sentences: I bought a new pillow「新しい枕を買いました」(あたらしいまくらをかいました). This pillow is very soft「この枕はとても柔らかいです」(このまくらはとてもやわらかいです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2260

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hesitation

Reading

Kanji

遠Far 慮Consider

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '遠慮 (えんりょ)' primarily means 'hesitation' or 'reserve'. It is often used to describe a sense of restraint or reluctance, particularly in social contexts where one might hesitate to impose on others or act in a way that could be seen as intrusive. For example: Please don't hesitate to ask「遠慮なく聞いてください」(えんりょなくきいてください). He declined the offer out of politeness「彼は遠慮して申し出を断った」(かれはえんりょしてもうしでをことわった). The term can also imply a polite refusal, as in '遠慮する (えんりょする)', which means 'to decline politely'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2261

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fear

Reading

Kanji

恐Fear 怖Fearful, Dreadful

Explanation

The Japanese noun '恐怖 (きょうふ)' means 'fear'. It refers to the intense feeling of being afraid or anxious about something, often due to a perceived threat or danger. This word is commonly used in contexts involving psychological or emotional states, such as fear of the dark, fear of heights, or fear of the unknown. For example: I feel fear when I watch horror movies「私はホラー映画を見ると恐怖を感じる」(わたしはほらーえいがをみるときょうふをかんじる). The fear of failure can be paralyzing「失敗への恐怖は麻痺させるほど強い」(しっぱいへのきょうふはまひさせるほどつよい). Note that '恐怖' is often used in formal or serious contexts, and it can also appear in compound words like '恐怖症 (きょうふしょう)' (phobia).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2262

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Western

Reading

Kanji

洋Ocean, Western style

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '洋 (よう)' means 'western' and is often used to denote something related to the West or Western culture. It is commonly attached to nouns to form compound words. For example: Western food「洋食」(ようしょく), Western-style room「洋室」(ようしつ), and Western clothing「洋服」(ようふく). This suffix is particularly useful when distinguishing between traditional Japanese items and their Western counterparts. Another example: Western music「洋楽」(ようがく). Note that '洋' can also refer to the ocean in other contexts, but as a suffix, it predominantly conveys the meaning of 'western'.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2263

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

New years card

Reading

Kanji

年Year 賀Congratulate 状Form, Condition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '年賀状 (ねんがじょう)' refers to a 'New Year's card'. These are special greeting cards sent to friends, family, and colleagues to celebrate the New Year. They often feature traditional designs, such as the zodiac animal of the year, and include messages of good fortune and health. Example sentences: I sent a New Year's card to my friend「友達に年賀状を送りました」(ともだちにねんがじょうをおくりました). Did you receive a New Year's card?「年賀状をもらいましたか？」(ねんがじょうをもらいましたか？).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2266

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Greeting

Reading

Kanji

挨Push open 拶Draw close, Be imminent

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '挨拶 (あいさつ)' primarily means 'greeting'. It refers to the act of greeting someone, which can include saying hello, goodbye, or other polite expressions. This word is deeply rooted in Japanese culture, emphasizing politeness and social harmony. It can also refer to formal speeches or remarks made at events. Example sentences: He gave a greeting「彼は挨拶をした」(かれはあいさつをした). Please say hello to everyone「みんなに挨拶してください」(みんなにあいさつしてください). In a formal setting, '挨拶' might refer to a speech: The president made an opening greeting「社長が開会の挨拶をした」(しゃちょうがかいかいのあいさつをした).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2270

Composition

kanji

Handwriting