Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Composition

word

Meaning

Ward office

Reading

Kanji

区District 役Duty 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '区役所 (くやくしょ)' refers to a 'ward office', which is a local government office in Japan responsible for administrative services within a specific ward (区) of a city. These offices handle various municipal services such as residence registration, issuing certificates, and providing information on local events and regulations. For example: I went to the ward office to register my new address「新しい住所を登録するために区役所に行きました」(あたらしいじゅうしょをとうろくするためにくやくしょにいきました). The ward office is closed on weekends「区役所は週末に閉まっています」(くやくしょはしゅうまつにしまっています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2768

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Earthquake

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 震Quake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '地震 (じしん)' means 'earthquake'. It refers to the shaking of the surface of the Earth resulting from a sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere. This word is commonly used in news reports, safety instructions, and everyday conversations in Japan, a country prone to seismic activity. Example sentences: There was an earthquake yesterday「昨日、地震がありました」(きのう、じしんがありました). The earthquake was very strong「その地震はとても強かった」(そのじしんはとてもつよかった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2769

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Executive

Reading

Kanji

重Heavy 役Duty

Explanation

The Japanese noun '重役 (じゅうやく)' refers to a high-ranking executive or director in a company or organization. It is often used to describe someone in a position of significant responsibility and authority, such as a board member or senior manager. For example: He is an executive at a major company「彼は大手企業の重役です」(かれはおおてきぎょうのじゅうやくです). The executives held a meeting「重役たちは会議を開きました」(じゅうやくたちはかいぎをひらきました). This term is commonly used in business contexts and emphasizes the importance and seniority of the position.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2772

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Image

Reading

Kanji

画Picture 像Image, Statue

Explanation

The Japanese noun '画像 (がぞう)' means 'image'. It refers to a visual representation, such as a photograph, illustration, or digital picture. This word is commonly used in contexts related to photography, digital media, and art. For example: I saved the image「画像を保存した」(がぞうをほぞんした). This image is beautiful「この画像は美しい」(このがぞうはうつくしい). It can also refer to images displayed on screens, such as computer monitors or smartphones. The term is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2774

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Trace, Remains

Reading

Kanji

跡Trace, Traces

Explanation

The Japanese noun '跡 (あと)' can mean 'trace' or 'remains'. It refers to something left behind, such as evidence, marks, or remnants of something that was once present. For example: the trace of footsteps「足跡の跡」(あしあとのあと). The remains of an ancient city「古代都市の跡」(こだいとしのあと). This word is often used to describe physical evidence or historical remnants, and it can also metaphorically refer to the aftermath or consequences of an event.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2776

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Doll

Reading

Kanji

人Person 形Shape

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人形 (にんぎょう)' means 'doll'. It refers to a toy or figurine shaped like a human, animal, or other creature, often used for play or decoration. This word can also refer to puppets or mannequins in certain contexts. For example: She has a beautiful doll「彼女は美しい人形を持っている」(かのじょはうつくしいにんぎょうをもっている). The doll is on the shelf「人形は棚の上にある」(にんぎょうはたなのうえにある). In Japanese culture, dolls like '雛人形 (ひなにんぎょう)' are used during festivals such as Hinamatsuri (Doll Festival).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2777

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Effort

Reading

Kanji

折Bend, Fold 角Corner, Angle

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '折角 (せっかく)' conveys the idea of something being done with considerable effort, trouble, or difficulty, and often implies that it would be a waste or a shame not to make use of or appreciate the result of that effort. It is commonly used to express the value of taking advantage of an opportunity or to indicate that something was done with a lot of effort, so it should not be wasted. For example: I went to the trouble of making this cake, so please eat it「せっかく作ったケーキだから、食べてください」(せっかくつくったケーキだから、たべてください). Since you've come all this way, you should stay a while「せっかく来たんだから、しばらくいてください」(せっかくきたんだから、しばらくいてください). The nuance of '折角' often carries a sense of regret or disappointment if the effort or opportunity is not utilized.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2781

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chairman

Reading

Kanji

会Meet 長Long, Leader

Explanation

The Japanese noun '会長 (かいちょう)' refers to the position or role of a 'chairman'. This term is commonly used in organizations, companies, or committees to denote the person who presides over meetings or holds the highest position in a group. For example: The chairman made an important decision「会長が重要な決定をしました」(かいちょうがじゅうようなけっていをしました). Our company's chairman is very respected「私たちの会社の会長はとても尊敬されています」(わたしたちのかいしゃのかいちょうはとてもそんけいされています). The term is formal and is often used in professional or organizational contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2782

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Birthdate

Reading

Kanji

生Life 年Year 月Moon, Month 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '生年月日 (せいねんがっぴ)' refers to a person's 'birthdate'. It is a formal term used in official documents, forms, or when precise personal information is required. The word is composed of three kanji: 生 (せい) meaning 'birth', 年 (ねん) meaning 'year', 月 (がつ) meaning 'month', and 日 (ぴ) meaning 'day'. Example sentences: Please write your birthdate「生年月日を書いてください」(せいねんがっぴをかいてください). My birthdate is January 1, 1990「私の生年月日は1990年1月1日です」(わたしのせいねんがっぴは1990ねん1がつ1にちです). This term is often used in contexts like job applications, medical records, or government forms.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2784

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Week

Reading

Kanji

週Week

Explanation

The Japanese noun '週 (しゅう)' means 'week'. It refers to a period of seven days and is commonly used in contexts related to time, schedules, and planning. For example: I will go next week「来週行きます」(らいしゅういきます). This week is busy「今週は忙しい」(こんしゅうはいそがしい). The word can also be combined with other terms to specify a particular week, such as '先週 (せんしゅう)' (last week) or '毎週 (まいしゅう)' (every week). It is a fundamental term in Japanese for discussing time frames.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2785

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grave

Reading

Kanji

墓Grave

Explanation

The Japanese noun '墓 (はか)' refers to a 'grave' or 'tomb'. It is used to describe the place where a deceased person is buried. This word is commonly used in contexts related to death, funerals, and memorials. For example: I visited my grandfather's grave「祖父の墓を訪ねた」(そふのはかをおとずれた). The grave is located in the cemetery「その墓は墓地にある」(そのはかはぼちにある). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is a reminder of the past or a place of finality. Note that '墓' is often associated with respect and solemnity in Japanese culture.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2788

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Phrase, Complaint

Reading

Kanji

文Sentence 句Phrase, Paragraph

Explanation

The Japanese noun '文句 (もんく)' has two distinct meanings. The first and most common meaning is 'complaint', referring to an expression of dissatisfaction or grievance. For example: he always has complaints「彼はいつも文句を言う」(かれはいつももんくをいう). The second meaning is 'phrase', referring to a short, memorable expression or a set of words. For example: this phrase is catchy「この文句はキャッチーだ」(このもんくはきゃっちーだ). The context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended. When used to mean 'complaint', it often appears with verbs like 言う (いう, to say) or つける (to make). When used to mean 'phrase', it is often associated with advertising, slogans, or memorable sayings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2790

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Belt, Obi

Reading

Kanji

帯Belt, Wear

Explanation

The Japanese noun '帯 (おび)' primarily refers to a 'belt', a strip of material worn around the waist to secure clothing. It is also specifically used to denote the 'obi', a traditional sash worn with Japanese kimono. The obi is an essential part of traditional Japanese attire and can vary in width, length, and style depending on the formality of the occasion and the type of kimono. Example sentences: She tied her obi beautifully「彼女は帯を美しく結んだ」(かのじょはおびをうつくしくむすんだ). I need a new belt for my pants「私のズボンに新しい帯が必要です」(わたしのズボンにあたらしいおびがひつようです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2792

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gender, Nature

Reading

Kanji

性Gender, Sex

Explanation

The Japanese noun '性 (せい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'gender', referring to the classification of being male or female. For example: gender equality「性の平等」(せいのびょうどう). The second meaning is 'nature', referring to the inherent characteristics or essence of something. For example: human nature「人間の性」(にんげんのせい). This word is often used in compound nouns to specify a particular type of nature or gender. It is important to distinguish between these two meanings based on the context in which the word is used.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2793

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Corpse

Reading

Kanji

死Death 体Body

Explanation

The Japanese noun '死体 (したい)' refers to a 'corpse' or 'dead body'. It is used to describe the physical remains of a deceased person or animal. This word is neutral in tone but is often associated with serious or somber contexts, such as crime scenes, forensic investigations, or funerals. For example: The police found a corpse in the forest「警察は森で死体を見つけた」(けいさつはもりでしたいをみつけた). The corpse was taken to the morgue「死体は死体安置所に運ばれた」(したいはしたいあんちじょにはこばれた). Note that this word is not used in casual conversation and may carry a heavy or unsettling connotation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2794

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Domestic

Reading

Kanji

国Country 産Give birth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '国産 (こくさん)' means 'domestic' and refers to something produced or made within the country, as opposed to being imported. It is commonly used to describe goods, products, or materials that are locally sourced or manufactured. For example: This is a domestic car「これは国産の車です」(これはこくさんのくるまです). I prefer domestic fruits「私は国産の果物が好きです」(わたしはこくさんのかじつがすきです). The term emphasizes the origin of the product and is often used in contexts like food, electronics, and automobiles to highlight local production.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2795

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Origin, Producing area

Reading

Kanji

産Give birth 地Ground

Explanation

The Japanese noun '産地 (さんち)' refers to the place where something is produced or originates. It is commonly used to describe the origin of agricultural products, goods, or resources. For example: This wine comes from a famous producing area「このワインは有名な産地から来ています」(このワインはゆうめいなさんちからきています). The tea is known for its high quality due to its origin「そのお茶は産地の品質で知られています」(そのおちゃはさんちのひんしつでしられています). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as the origin of cultural items or even abstract concepts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2797

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Childbirth

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 産Give birth

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '出産 (しゅっさん)' refers to the act of giving birth or childbirth. It is commonly used in medical, formal, or everyday contexts when discussing the process of delivering a baby. For example: She is preparing for childbirth「彼女は出産の準備をしている」(かのじょはしゅっさんのじゅんびをしている). The hospital specializes in childbirth「その病院は出産に特化している」(そのびょういんはしゅっさんにとっかしている). This term is neutral and can be used in both positive and challenging contexts related to childbirth.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2798

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Speed

Reading

Kanji

速Quick 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese noun '速度 (そくど)' means 'speed'. It refers to the rate at which something moves or operates. This word is commonly used in contexts related to physics, vehicles, or any situation involving motion. For example: The speed of the car is high「車の速度が高い」(くるまのそくどがたかい). The speed of light is constant「光の速度は一定だ」(ひかりのそくどはいっていだ). It can also be used metaphorically, such as in describing the pace of work or progress. For instance: The speed of the project is impressive「プロジェクトの速度がすごい」(ぷろじぇくとのそくどがすごい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2799

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Status

Reading

Kanji

身Body, Self 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese noun '身分 (みぶん)' refers to one's social status, position, or rank in society. It is often used to describe a person's standing in terms of class, occupation, or hierarchy. For example: His status is high「彼の身分は高い」(かれのみぶんはたかい). She hides her true status「彼女は本当の身分を隠している」(かのじょはほんとうのみぶんをかくしている). The word can also imply one's identity or background, particularly in historical or formal contexts. It is important to note that '身分' carries a nuanced understanding of societal roles and expectations, often tied to cultural or historical perspectives.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2800

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gist

Reading

Kanji

旨Purport, Delicious

Explanation

The Japanese noun '旨 (むね)' refers to the main point, gist, or essence of something. It is often used to summarize or convey the core idea of a statement, document, or conversation. For example: I understood the gist of the story「話の旨が分かった」(はなしのむねがわかった). The gist of the letter is that he is coming「手紙の旨は彼が来るということだ」(てがみのむねはかれがくるということだ). This word is commonly used in formal or written contexts to emphasize the central meaning of a communication.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2801

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Conjugation

Reading

Kanji

活Lively 用Use

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '活用 (かつよう)' refers to the grammatical concept of 'conjugation'. It is used to describe the inflection or modification of verbs and adjectives to express different grammatical functions such as tense, mood, voice, and politeness level. For example: studying verb conjugation is important「動詞の活用を勉強することは大切です」(どうしのかつようをべんきょうすることはたいせつです). This adjective has a complex conjugation「この形容詞は活用が複雑です」(このけいようしはかつようがふくざつです). '活用' can also be used in a broader sense to mean 'utilization' or 'effective use', but in the context of grammar, it specifically refers to conjugation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2802

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Type

Reading

Kanji

活Lively 字Character

Explanation

The Japanese noun '活字 (かつじ)' refers to 'type' in the context of printing or typography. It specifically denotes the individual pieces of metal or wood with raised characters used in traditional printing presses. This term is also used more broadly to refer to printed characters or fonts in modern contexts. For example: This book uses old type「この本は古い活字を使っている」(このほんはふるいかつじをつかっている). I prefer books with clear type「私は読みやすい活字の本が好きだ」(わたしはよみやすいかつじのほんがすきだ). The term can also metaphorically refer to the written word or printed material in general.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2803

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Audit

Reading

Kanji

監Oversee 査Investigate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '監査 (かんさ)' refers to an 'audit', which is a systematic examination or review of financial records, processes, or systems to ensure accuracy, compliance, or efficiency. This term is commonly used in business, finance, and legal contexts. For example: The company conducted an internal audit「会社は内部監査を行った」(かいしゃはないぶかんさをおこなった). The audit revealed discrepancies in the accounts「監査により帳簿の不一致が明らかになった」(かんさによりちょうぼのふいっちがあきらかになった). It is important to note that '監査' often implies a formal or official review process.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2804

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Engineering

Reading

Kanji

工Construction 学Learn

Explanation

The Japanese noun '工学 (こうがく)' refers to the field of 'engineering'. It encompasses the application of scientific and mathematical principles to design, build, and maintain structures, machines, devices, systems, and processes. This term is often used in academic and professional contexts. For example: he studies engineering at university「彼は大学で工学を勉強しています」(かれはだいがくでこうがくをべんきょうしています). This company specializes in mechanical engineering「この会社は機械工学を専門としています」(このかいしゃはきかいこうがくをせんもんとしています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2806

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Airport

Reading

Kanji

空Sky, Empty 港Harbor, Port

Explanation

The Japanese noun '空港 (くうこう)' means 'airport'. It refers to a facility where aircraft take off, land, and are maintained, and where passengers board and disembark. This word is commonly used in travel-related contexts. For example: The airport is far from here「空港はここから遠いです」(くうこうはここからとおいです). I will meet you at the airport「空港で会いましょう」(くうこうであいましょう). The term is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2808

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Body

Reading

Kanji

肉Meat 体Body

Explanation

The Japanese noun '肉体 (にくたい)' refers to the physical body, particularly in contrast to the mind or spirit. It emphasizes the corporeal, tangible aspect of a living being. This term is often used in contexts discussing physicality, health, or the contrast between body and soul. For example: He trained his body every day「彼は毎日肉体を鍛えた」(かれはまいにちにくたいをきたえた). The mind and body are connected「心と肉体は繋がっている」(こころとにくたいはつながっている). Note that '肉体' carries a slightly more formal or literary tone compared to the more common word for body, '体 (からだ)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2809

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

President

Reading

Kanji

学Learn 長Long, Leader

Explanation

The Japanese noun '学長 (がくちょう)' refers to the 'president' or 'head' of a university. This term is specifically used in academic contexts to denote the highest-ranking official at a university, responsible for its overall administration and leadership. For example: The university president gave a speech「学長がスピーチをしました」(がくちょうがすぴーちをしました). The president of the university is very respected「学長はとても尊敬されています」(がくちょうはとてもそんけいされています). Note that this term is distinct from other leadership titles like '校長 (こうちょう)', which refers to the principal of a school.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2810

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Languages

Reading

Kanji

語Language, Word 学Learn

Explanation

The Japanese noun '語学 (ごがく)' refers to the study or knowledge of languages. It is often used in contexts related to learning or teaching foreign languages, linguistics, or language skills. For example: I study languages at university「大学で語学を勉強しています」(だいがくでごがくをべんきょうしています). She has a talent for languages「彼女は語学の才能がある」(かのじょはごがくのさいのうがある). The term can also imply proficiency in multiple languages or the academic field of linguistics.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2811

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Idea, Notion

Reading

Kanji

観View 念Thought

Explanation

The Japanese noun '観念 (かんねん)' refers to an abstract idea, concept, or notion. It is often used in philosophical or intellectual contexts to describe thoughts or beliefs that are not tied to concrete objects. For example: His idea of freedom is unique「彼の自由の観念は独特だ」(かれのじゆうのかんねんはどくとくだ). The notion of time varies across cultures「時間の観念は文化によって異なる」(じかんのかんねんはぶんかによってことなる). This word can also imply a sense of resignation or acceptance, as in '観念する (かんねんする)', meaning 'to give up' or 'to resign oneself to a situation.'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2812

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Economy, Mood

Reading

Kanji

景Scene 気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '景気 (けいき)' has two primary meanings. The first and most common meaning refers to the state of the economy, such as economic conditions or business climate. For example: The economy is booming「景気がいい」(けいきがいい). The second meaning refers to a person's mood or spirit, often used in a more casual or colloquial context. For example: He's in high spirits today「彼は今日景気がいい」(かれはきょうけいきがいい). The word is versatile and context-dependent, so it's important to pay attention to the surrounding words to determine which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2813

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Engineering

Reading

Kanji

工Construction 学Learn 部Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '工学部 (こうがくぶ)' refers to the 'engineering department' or 'faculty of engineering' at a university. It is commonly used to describe the academic division or department that focuses on engineering studies. For example: He is studying in the engineering department「彼は工学部で勉強しています」(かれはこうがくぶでべんきょうしています). The engineering department is in that building「工学部はあの建物にあります」(こうがくぶはあのたてものにあります). This term is specific to academic contexts and is widely understood in Japanese educational settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2814

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tuition

Reading

Kanji

学Learn 費Expense

Explanation

The Japanese noun '学費 (がくひ)' refers to the fees or costs associated with education, specifically tuition. It is commonly used when discussing the expenses for attending school, college, or university. For example: I need to pay my tuition「学費を払わなければならない」(がくひをはらわなければならない). The tuition for this university is expensive「この大学の学費は高い」(このだいがくのがくひはたかい). This word is often used in formal or academic contexts and is essential when discussing educational finances.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2815

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Faculty

Reading

Kanji

学Learn 部Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '学部 (がくぶ)' refers to a 'faculty' or 'department' within a university. It is used to describe a specific academic division, such as the Faculty of Science or the Faculty of Law. For example: I belong to the Faculty of Economics「私は経済学部に所属しています」(わたしはけいざいがくぶにしょぞくしています). The Faculty of Engineering is very popular「工学部はとても人気です」(こうがくぶはとてもにんきです). This term is commonly used in academic settings to specify a particular field of study or area of expertise within a university.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2816

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Anti

Reading

Kanji

反Anti

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '反 (はん)' means 'anti' or 'against'. It is commonly used to form words that express opposition or resistance to something. For example: anti-war「反戦」(はんせん), anti-government「反政府」(はんせいふ), anti-social「反社会的」(はんしゃかいてき). This prefix is often attached to nouns to create compound words that convey a sense of opposition or contrast. It is important to note that '反 (はん)' is a prefix and not a standalone word, so it always appears at the beginning of a compound word.

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2818

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Passive

Reading

Kanji

被Incur, Be subjected to

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '被 (ひ)' is used to indicate a passive or receptive state, often implying that the subject is affected by an action rather than initiating it. It is commonly used in formal or technical contexts, such as legal or academic language. For example: the victim was injured「被害者がけがをした」(ひがいしゃがけがをした). The company suffered damages「会社が被害を受けた」(かいしゃがひがいをうけた). This prefix is often attached to nouns to form compound words that describe situations where someone or something is on the receiving end of an action.

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2819

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Leave

Reading

Kanji

休Rest 学Learn

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '休学 (きゅうがく)' refers to taking a temporary leave of absence from school or university. This term is commonly used when a student needs to pause their studies for personal, health, or other reasons, with the intention of returning later. For example: I took a leave of absence from university「大学を休学しました」(だいがくをきゅうがくしました). She is on a leave of absence due to illness「彼女は病気で休学中です」(かのじょはびょうきできゅうがくちゅうです). It is important to note that '休学' implies a formal process and is distinct from simply skipping classes or dropping out.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2820

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Buttocks

Reading

Kanji

尻Butt, Buttocks

Explanation

The Japanese noun '尻 (しり)' primarily refers to the 'buttocks' or 'rear end'. It is a common and straightforward term used in everyday language. However, it can also carry additional meanings depending on the context, such as the 'bottom' or 'end' of something (e.g., the end of a road or a piece of clothing). For example: He fell on his buttocks「彼は尻をついた」(かれはしりをついた). The bottom of the box is broken「箱の尻が壊れている」(はこのしりがこわれている). While the word is not inherently vulgar, it is best used in informal or casual settings. In formal contexts, alternative terms like '臀部 (でんぶ)' might be more appropriate.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2822

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Control

Reading

Kanji

制System, Control 御Honorable, General honorific term

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '制御 (せいぎょ)' means 'control'. It refers to the act of managing, regulating, or directing something, often used in technical, mechanical, or abstract contexts. For example: controlling the temperature「温度を制御する」(おんどをせいぎょする). The system controls the flow of water「システムが水の流れを制御する」(システムがみずのながれをせいぎょする). This word is commonly used in engineering, computing, and everyday situations where regulation or management is required.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2827

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grasp, Understanding

Reading

Kanji

把Grip, Grasp 握Grasp, Grip

Explanation

The Japanese noun '把握 (はあく)' refers to the act of grasping or comprehending something, either physically or mentally. It can mean physically holding onto something, but it is more commonly used to describe the mental act of understanding or comprehending a concept, situation, or information. For example: I have a good grasp of the situation「状況を把握しています」(じょうきょうをはあくしています). It is important to grasp the main points「要点を把握することが大切です」(ようてんをはあくすることがたいせつです). The word is often used in formal or professional contexts to describe a clear understanding of complex matters.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2828

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Skin

Reading

Kanji

皮Skin 膚Skin

Explanation

The Japanese noun '皮膚 (ひふ)' refers to the outer covering of the body, commonly known as 'skin'. It is used in both medical and everyday contexts to describe the physical layer that protects the body. For example: My skin is dry「私の皮膚は乾燥している」(わたしのひふはかんそうしている). The skin is the largest organ of the body「皮膚は体の中で一番大きな器官です」(ひふはからだのなかでいちばんおおきなきかんです). The word can also be used in compound terms, such as '皮膚科 (ひふか)' (dermatology).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2829

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Compulsion, Enforcement

Reading

Kanji

強Strong 制System, Control

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '強制 (きょうせい)' refers to the act of compelling or enforcing something, often against someone's will. It is commonly used in contexts where authority or rules are imposed on individuals or groups. For example: The government enforced new regulations「政府は新しい規制を強制した」(せいふはあたらしいきせいをきょうせいした). Compulsory education is enforced by law「義務教育は法律で強制されている」(ぎむきょういくはほうりつできょうせいされている). Note that '強制' carries a nuance of obligation or lack of choice, and it is often used in formal or legal contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2830

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shade, Shadow

Reading

Kanji

陰Shade

Explanation

The Japanese noun '陰 (かげ)' primarily refers to 'shadow' or 'shade'. It describes the dark area or shape produced by an object blocking light. This word can also carry metaphorical meanings, such as the hidden or less visible aspects of something. For example: The tree casts a shadow「木が陰を作る」(きがかげをつくる). Let's rest in the shade「陰で休みましょう」(かげでやすみましょう). In some contexts, it can imply something concealed or not directly visible, such as in '陰で働く (かげではたらく)' meaning 'to work behind the scenes'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2832

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Throat

Reading

Kanji

喉Throat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '喉 (のど)' refers to the 'throat'. It is commonly used to describe the anatomical part of the body that connects the mouth and nasal passages to the esophagus and larynx. This word is often used in contexts related to health, such as when someone has a sore throat or is experiencing dryness. For example: My throat is dry「喉が渇いた」(のどがかわいた). I have a sore throat「喉が痛い」(のどがいたい). Additionally, '喉' can be used metaphorically to describe something that is essential or vital, as in '喉から手が出るほど欲しい (のどからてがでるほどほしい)', which means 'to want something so badly that one's hand reaches out from their throat'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2833

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strongest

Reading

Kanji

最Most 強Strong

Explanation

The Japanese noun '最強 (さいきょう)' means 'strongest'. It is used to describe something or someone that is the most powerful, dominant, or invincible in a particular context. This word is often used in competitive or comparative situations, such as sports, games, or rankings. For example: He is the strongest in the team「彼はチームで最強だ」(かれはチームでさいきょうだ). This is the strongest weapon「これは最強の武器だ」(これはさいきょうのぶきだ). The nuance of '最強' often implies an absolute or unmatched level of strength or capability.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2835

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Forceful

Reading

Kanji

強Strong 引Pull

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '強引 (ごういん)' means 'forceful' or 'pushy'. It describes actions or behavior that are done in a way that disregards others' opinions or feelings, often implying a lack of consideration or subtlety. This word carries a slightly negative connotation, suggesting that the action is overly aggressive or coercive. For example: He made a forceful decision「彼は強引に決めた」(かれはごういんにきめた). The salesman was pushy「そのセールスマンは強引だった」(そのセールスマンはごういんだった). It is often used to criticize someone's behavior or approach.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2837

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Outside

Reading

Kanji

外Outside 部Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '外部 (がいぶ)' means 'outside' or 'external'. It refers to something that is outside of a specific boundary, system, or organization. This word is often used in contexts such as technology, organizations, or physical spaces to describe elements that are external to a defined area or system. For example: The data is stored outside the system「データは外部に保存されている」(データはがいぶにほぞんされている). External experts were invited to the meeting「外部の専門家が会議に招かれた」(がいぶのせんもんかがかいぎにまねかれた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something unrelated or outside of a particular scope.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2838

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Truth

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 実Fruit, Truth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '真実 (しんじつ)' means 'truth'. It refers to something that is factual, real, or in accordance with reality. This word is often used in contexts where the distinction between truth and falsehood is important, such as in discussions, investigations, or philosophical debates. For example: I want to know the truth「真実を知りたい」(しんじつをしりたい). The truth is sometimes painful「真実は時々辛い」(しんじつはときどきつらい). It can also be used in more abstract or emotional contexts, such as expressing the truth of one's feelings or experiences.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2840

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tatami

Reading

Kanji

畳Tatami, Fold up

Explanation

The Japanese noun '畳 (たたみ)' refers to 'tatami', which are traditional Japanese straw mats used as flooring material in homes and other buildings. Tatami mats are typically made of woven straw and have a soft, yet firm texture. They are a defining feature of traditional Japanese rooms and are often associated with Japanese culture and aesthetics. For example: The room has tatami flooring「その部屋は畳の床です」(そのへやはたたみのゆかです). I sat on the tatami mat「畳の上に座りました」(たたみのうえにすわりました). Tatami mats are often measured in '畳 (じょう)', a unit that represents the size of one tatami mat, which is roughly 1.65 square meters.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2841

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beauty

Reading

Kanji

美Beautiful

Explanation

The Japanese noun '美 (び)' means 'beauty'. It refers to the quality or state of being beautiful, often in an aesthetic or artistic sense. This word is commonly used in contexts related to art, nature, or physical appearance. For example: the beauty of nature「自然の美」(しぜんのび). She has a sense of beauty「彼女は美の感覚がある」(かのじょはびのかんかくがある). The word can also appear in compound nouns, such as '美学 (びがく)' (aesthetics) or '美術 (びじゅつ)' (fine arts).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2842

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Column

Reading

Kanji

欄Column

Explanation

The Japanese noun '欄 (らん)' refers to a 'column' or 'section' in a document, form, or publication. It is commonly used to describe a specific area designated for particular information, such as in a newspaper, spreadsheet, or application form. For example: Please fill in the name column「名前欄を記入してください」(なまえらんをきにゅうしてください). The article is in the sports column「その記事はスポーツ欄にあります」(そのきじはスポーツらんにあります). This word is often used in contexts where information is organized into distinct sections.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2843

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Quote

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 用Use

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '引用 (いんよう)' means 'quote' or 'citation'. It refers to the act of quoting or citing a text, speech, or other source. This term is commonly used in academic, professional, and everyday contexts when referencing someone else's words or ideas. For example: I quoted a famous author「有名な作家を引用した」(ゆうめいなさっかをいんようした). Please cite the source properly「出典を適切に引用してください」(しゅってきをてきせつにいんようしてください). The nuance of '引用' emphasizes the act of borrowing or referencing, often to support an argument or provide evidence.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2845

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dictionary

Reading

Kanji

字Character 引Pull

Explanation

The Japanese noun '字引 (じびき)' refers to a 'dictionary'. It is a somewhat old-fashioned or colloquial term for a dictionary, often used in casual contexts. The word literally combines '字 (じ)' meaning 'character' or 'letter' and '引 (びき)' meaning 'to pull' or 'to refer to', suggesting something you refer to for characters or words. Example sentences: I bought a new dictionary「新しい字引を買った」(あたらしいじびきをかった). She always carries a dictionary「彼女はいつも字引を持っている」(かのじょはいつもじびきをもっている). Note that while '字引' is still understood, modern Japanese more commonly uses '辞書 (じしょ)' for 'dictionary'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2846

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Learning

Reading

Kanji

学Learn 習Learn

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '学習 (がくしゅう)' refers to the process of acquiring knowledge, skills, or understanding through study, experience, or teaching. It is often used in educational contexts and can apply to both formal and informal learning. For example: Learning is important「学習は大切です」(がくしゅうはたいせつです). He is learning Japanese「彼は日本語を学習しています」(かれはにほんごをがくしゅうしています). This term is commonly used in phrases like '学習方法 (がくしゅうほうほう)' (learning method) or '学習環境 (がくしゅうかんきょう)' (learning environment).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2847

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Match

Reading

Kanji

試Try, Attempt 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '試合 (しあい)' refers to a 'match' or 'game', typically in the context of sports or competitions. It is used to describe a formal contest between individuals or teams. For example: I watched a soccer match「サッカーの試合を見た」(サッカーのしあいをみた). Tomorrow there is a tennis match「明日テニスの試合がある」(あしたテニスのしあいがある). The word is commonly used in sports-related contexts and can be applied to various types of competitive events.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2848

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exam, Application

Reading

Kanji

受Accept 験Test

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '受験 (じゅけん)' primarily refers to taking an entrance examination or applying for admission to a school or institution. It is commonly used in the context of academic or professional testing. For example: I will take the university entrance exam「大学の受験をする」(だいがくのじゅけんをする). She is applying for the job「彼女はその仕事に受験している」(かのじょはそのしごとにじゅけんしている). Note that while 'exam' is the most common meaning, 'application' can also be a valid interpretation depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2849

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Poor quality, Malicious

Reading

Kanji

悪Evil 質Quality

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '悪質 (あくしつ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'malicious', referring to actions or behaviors that are intentionally harmful or deceitful. For example: That was a malicious scam「それは悪質な詐欺だった」(それはあくしつなさぎだった). The second meaning is 'poor-quality', describing something that is of low or inferior quality. For example: This is a poor-quality product「これは悪質な製品だ」(これはあくしつなせいひんだ). The word is often used in contexts involving fraud, scams, or substandard goods, and it carries a strong negative connotation.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2852

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Quality

Reading

Kanji

質Quality

Explanation

The Japanese noun '質 (しつ)' primarily means 'quality'. It refers to the standard or grade of something, such as the quality of a product, material, or even abstract concepts like the quality of life. For example: This product has high quality「この製品は質が高い」(このせいひんはしつがたかい). The quality of this fabric is excellent「この生地の質は素晴らしい」(このきじのしつはすばらしい). Additionally, '質' can also refer to the nature or character of a person, as in '彼の質は優しい (かれのしつはやさしい) (His nature is gentle).' However, this usage is less common and context-dependent.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2853

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Skin, Peel

Reading

Kanji

皮Skin

Explanation

The Japanese noun '皮 (かわ)' can mean either 'skin' or 'peel', depending on the context. When referring to 'skin', it typically describes the outer layer of a living being, such as human or animal skin. For example: The skin of an apple is red「リンゴの皮は赤い」(りんごのかわはあかい). When referring to 'peel', it describes the outer layer of fruits or vegetables that is often removed before eating. For example: Please peel the potato「ジャガイモの皮をむいてください」(じゃがいものかわをむいてください). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe the outer layer or surface of objects. It's important to note that the context will usually clarify which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2854

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strategy

Reading

Kanji

作Make 戦Fight, War

Explanation

The Japanese noun '作戦 (さくせん)' means 'strategy' or 'tactical plan'. It is commonly used in contexts involving planning, especially in military, business, or competitive scenarios. The word implies a well-thought-out plan designed to achieve a specific goal. For example: The general devised a new strategy「将軍は新しい作戦を考えた」(しょうぐんはあたらしいさくせんをかんがえた). Our team's strategy worked perfectly「私たちのチームの作戦は完璧にうまくいった」(わたしたちのチームのさくせんはかんぺきにうまくいった). Note that while '作戦' can sometimes be used in casual contexts, it often carries a formal or serious tone.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2855

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bride, Daughter in law

Reading

Kanji

嫁Marry, Bride

Explanation

The Japanese noun '嫁 (よめ)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'bride', referring to a woman on her wedding day or just after marriage. For example: The bride looked beautiful「嫁は美しかった」(よめはうつくしかった). The second meaning is 'daughter-in-law', referring to the wife of one's son. For example: My daughter-in-law is very kind「私の嫁はとても優しい」(わたしのよめはとてもやさしい). The context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended. In modern usage, 'bride' is more common, while 'daughter-in-law' is often used in family contexts. The word carries a traditional and respectful tone.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2856

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kyoto

Reading

Kanji

京Capital

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun '京 (きょう)' primarily refers to Kyoto, a city in Japan known for its historical and cultural significance. Kyoto was the capital of Japan for over a thousand years before the capital moved to Tokyo. The term can also be used in historical contexts or literary works to evoke the image of Kyoto. Example sentences: I visited Kyoto last year「去年、京を訪れました」(きょねん、きょうをおとずれました). Kyoto is famous for its temples「京はお寺で有名です」(きょうはおてらでゆうめいです).

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2857

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Learning, Scholarship

Reading

Kanji

学Learn 問Question, Problem

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '学問 (がくもん)' refers to the pursuit of knowledge, academic study, or scholarship. It encompasses both the act of learning and the body of knowledge acquired through study. This term is often used in formal or academic contexts to describe scholarly activities or disciplines. For example: He devoted his life to scholarship「彼は学問に一生を捧げた」(かれはがくもんにいっしょうをささげた). Learning is important for personal growth「学問は個人の成長にとって重要だ」(がくもんはこじんのせいちょうにとってじゅうようだ). Note that '学問' can also imply a systematic or rigorous approach to studying, distinguishing it from casual learning.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2858

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Significance

Reading

Kanji

意Idea 義Righteousness

Explanation

The Japanese noun '意義 (いぎ)' means 'significance' or 'meaning'. It is used to describe the importance, value, or purpose of something. This word is often used in formal or philosophical contexts to discuss the deeper meaning or relevance of actions, events, or concepts. For example: The significance of this event is profound「このイベントの意義は深い」(このイベントのいぎはふかい). We must understand the meaning of life「人生の意義を理解しなければならない」(じんせいのいぎをりかいしなければならない). It can also be used to emphasize the importance of a decision or action, as in 'This decision has great significance'「この決定には大きな意義がある」(このけっていにはおおきないぎがある).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2859

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Weakness

Reading

Kanji

弱Weak 点Point

Explanation

The Japanese noun '弱点 (じゃくてん)' means 'weakness'. It refers to a point of vulnerability or a flaw in someone or something. This term is often used in contexts such as personal traits, strategies, systems, or objects. For example: his weakness is his impatience「彼の弱点は短気なことだ」(かれのじゃくてんはたんきなことだ). The team's weakness was exposed「チームの弱点が露呈した」(チームのじゃくてんがろていした). It can also be used metaphorically to describe a weak point in an argument or plan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2861

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Days

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun 間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '日間 (にちかん)' is used to indicate a duration or period of time measured in days. It is often attached to a number to specify how many days something lasts or occurs. For example: a three-day trip「三日間の旅行」(みっかかんのりょこう). The meeting will last for five days「会議は五日間続きます」(かいぎはいつかかんつづきます). This suffix is commonly used in contexts involving schedules, events, or activities that span multiple days.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2862

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Specially

Reading

Kanji

態Appearance, Condition

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '態々 (わざわざ)' means 'specially' or 'going out of one's way'. It is used to describe actions that are done intentionally, often with extra effort or inconvenience, to achieve a specific purpose. This word carries a nuance of doing something that might not be strictly necessary, but is done out of consideration or for a particular reason. For example: He came all the way here specially to see me「彼は私に会うためにわざわざここまで来た」(かれはわたしにあうためにわざわざここまできた). I made this cake specially for you「このケーキはあなたのためにわざわざ作りました」(このケーキはあなたのためにわざわざつくりました). Note that '態々' often implies a sense of gratitude or acknowledgment of the effort involved.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2863

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Circuit

Reading

Kanji

回Revolve, Times 路Path

Explanation

The Japanese noun '回路 (かいろ)' means 'circuit'. It refers to a closed path through which an electric current flows or a system of electrical components connected to form such a path. This term is commonly used in electronics, engineering, and technology contexts. For example: The circuit is broken「回路が壊れている」(かいろがこわれている). This device has a complex circuit「この装置は複雑な回路を持っている」(このそうちはふくざつなかいろをもっている). Additionally, '回路' can also metaphorically describe a process or system in fields like biology or computer science, such as neural circuits in the brain.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2865

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Last time

Reading

Kanji

前Before, Front 回Revolve, Times

Explanation

The Japanese noun '前回 (ぜんかい)' means 'last time' or 'the previous time'. It is used to refer to the most recent occurrence of an event or action that has happened before. This word is commonly used in contexts where you want to compare or refer back to the previous instance of something. For example: Last time, we went to the park「前回、公園に行きました」(ぜんかい、こうえんにいきました). The results were better last time「前回の結果は良かった」(ぜんかいのけっかはよかった). It's important to note that '前回' is often used in both casual and formal settings, making it a versatile word in Japanese conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2866

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Meaning

Reading

Kanji

意Idea

Explanation

The Japanese noun '意 (い)' refers to 'meaning', 'intention', or 'purpose'. It is often used in contexts where the focus is on understanding the underlying significance or intent behind something. For example: I understand the meaning of his words「彼の言葉の意がわかる」(かれのことばのいがわかる). Her intention was clear「彼女の意は明らかだった」(かのじょのいはあきらかだった). This word can also appear in compound words, such as '意思 (いし)' (intention) or '意見 (いけん)' (opinion), where it contributes the sense of 'meaning' or 'intent'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2867

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cherry blossom

Reading

Kanji

桜Cherry

Explanation

The Japanese noun '桜 (さくら)' refers to the cherry blossom, a flower that holds significant cultural importance in Japan. Cherry blossoms symbolize the transient nature of life due to their brief blooming period. They are celebrated during the spring season with festivals and hanami (flower viewing) parties. Example sentences: The cherry blossoms are beautiful「桜がきれいです」(さくらがきれいです). Let's go see the cherry blossoms「桜を見に行きましょう」(さくらをみにいきましょう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2868

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Selfish

Reading

Kanji

勝Victory 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '勝手 (かって)' primarily means 'selfish' and is used to describe someone who acts without considering others, often prioritizing their own interests. It can also imply a sense of arbitrariness or doing things as one pleases. For example: He is so selfish「彼はとても勝手だ」(かれはとてもかってだ). Don't be so selfish!「そんなに勝手にするな！」(そんなにかってにするな！). Additionally, '勝手' can sometimes refer to the layout or convenience of a place, but this usage is less common and typically appears in specific contexts like '勝手が違う (かってがちがう)', meaning 'the situation is different' or 'things are not as expected.'

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2871

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Final

Reading

Kanji

決Decide 勝Victory

Explanation

The Japanese noun '決勝 (けっしょう)' refers to the final round or match in a competition, such as a sports tournament or a game. It is used to describe the ultimate stage where the winner is determined. For example: The final is tomorrow「決勝は明日です」(けっしょうはあすです). They won the final「彼らは決勝に勝った」(かれらはけっしょうにかった). This term is commonly used in contexts like sports, contests, or any competitive event that culminates in a decisive match or round.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2873

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Match, Contest

Reading

Kanji

勝Victory 負Defeat

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '勝負 (しょうぶ)' refers to a match, game, or contest where there is a clear winner and loser. It is often used in the context of sports, games, or competitions, but can also be applied to any situation where there is a decisive outcome. For example: The match starts now「勝負はこれからだ」(しょうぶはこれからだ). He is good at contests「彼は勝負強い」(かれはしょうぶづよい). The word can also imply a sense of challenge or confrontation, as in 'to take on a challenge' or 'to face off against someone.'

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2878

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Idea

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 想Concept

Explanation

The Japanese noun '発想 (はっそう)' refers to an 'idea' or 'concept', particularly one that is creative or innovative. It is often used in contexts where original thinking or a fresh perspective is involved. For example: His idea was brilliant「彼の発想は素晴らしかった」(かれのはっそうはすばらしかった). We need a new idea for this project「このプロジェクトには新しい発想が必要だ」(このプロジェクトにはあたらしいはっそうがひつようだ). The word can also imply the process of coming up with ideas, as in '発想力 (はっそうりょく)', which means 'creative thinking ability'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2883

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Style, Flow

Reading

Kanji

流Flow

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '流 (りゅう)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'style', referring to a particular method, manner, or school of thought. For example: traditional Japanese style「伝統的な日本流」(でんとうてきなにほんりゅう). The second meaning is 'flow', referring to the movement or direction of something, such as water or ideas. For example: the flow of the river「川の流れ」(かわのながれ). This suffix is often attached to nouns to describe a specific approach or characteristic. For instance, 'business style' can be expressed as 'ビジネス流' (びじねすりゅう). It is important to note that the meaning depends heavily on the context in which it is used.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2884

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Regulation

Reading

Kanji

規Standard, Regulation 制System, Control

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '規制 (きせい)' refers to 'regulation' or 'control'. It is commonly used in contexts involving rules, restrictions, or measures imposed by authorities to manage or limit certain activities. For example: The government imposed new regulations「政府は新しい規制を設けた」(せいふはあたらしいきせいをもうけた). There are strict regulations on this product「この製品には厳しい規制がある」(このせいひんにはきびしいきせいがある). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as environmental regulations or financial controls, and often carries a formal or official tone.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2886

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Great war

Reading

Kanji

大Big 戦Fight, War

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大戦 (たいせん)' refers to a 'great war' or 'major war'. It is often used in historical contexts to describe large-scale conflicts, such as World War I or World War II. The term emphasizes the magnitude and significance of the conflict. For example: World War II was a great war「第二次世界大戦は大きな戦争だった」(だいにじせかいたいせんはおおきなせんそうだった). The impact of the great war was felt worldwide「大戦の影響は世界中に及んだ」(たいせんのえいきょうはせかいじゅうにおよびました). Note that '大戦' is typically used in formal or historical contexts and is not commonly used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2888

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Of course, Naturally

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 論Theory, Argument

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '無論 (むろん)' means 'naturally' or 'of course'. It is used to express something that is obvious or goes without saying. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to emphasize that something is self-evident or unquestionable. For example: Naturally, he agreed「無論、彼は同意した」(むろん、かれはどういした). Of course, I will help you「無論、手伝いますよ」(むろん、てつだいますよ). Note that '無論' is more formal than casual alternatives like 'もちろん'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2889

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Net

Reading

Kanji

網Net, Netting

Explanation

The Japanese noun '網 (あみ)' refers to a 'net', typically used for catching fish, insects, or other purposes like sports (e.g., a volleyball net). It can also metaphorically describe a network or web-like structure. For example: I caught a fish with a net「網で魚を捕まえた」(あみでさかなをつかまえた). The spider spun a web「蜘蛛が網を張った」(くもがあみをはった). In some contexts, it can also refer to a network, such as a communication network「通信網」(つうしんもう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2892

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Execution

Reading

Kanji

執Seize, Execute 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese noun '執行 (しっこう)' refers to the act of carrying out or enforcing something, such as a law, plan, or decision. It is often used in formal or legal contexts. For example: the execution of the plan「計画の執行」(けいかくのしっこう). The execution of the law「法律の執行」(ほうりつのしっこう). This term can also be used in contexts like the execution of a will or the enforcement of a court order. It is important to note that this word carries a formal tone and is typically used in professional or official settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2893

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Business

Reading

Kanji

営Manage 業Business

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '営業 (えいぎょう)' primarily means 'business' or 'sales'. It refers to the activities involved in running a business, particularly those related to selling products or services. This term is often used in contexts such as business operations, sales strategies, or customer service. For example: The store is open for business「店は営業中です」(みせはえいぎょうちゅうです). Our company's sales are increasing「うちの会社の営業が伸びています」(うちのかいしゃのえいぎょうがのびています). It's important to note that '営業' can also refer to the act of soliciting or promoting business, as in '営業活動 (えいぎょうかつどう) (sales activities)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2899

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Closure, Suspension

Reading

Kanji

休Rest 業Business

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '休業 (きゅうぎょう)' refers to the temporary or permanent cessation of business operations. It can be used to describe a business or establishment that is closed for a period of time, either due to holidays, maintenance, or other reasons. For example: The store is closed today「今日は休業です」(きょうはきゅうぎょうです). The factory will suspend operations next week「来週工場は休業します」(らいしゅうこうじょうはきゅうぎょうします). Note that '休業' is often used in formal or business contexts and can imply a planned or scheduled closure, as opposed to an unexpected shutdown.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2900

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Joining

Reading

Kanji

加Join, Add 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese noun '加入 (かにゅう)' means 'joining' or 'enrollment'. It is commonly used in contexts where someone becomes a member of a group, organization, or system. For example, joining an insurance plan or becoming a member of a club. Example sentences: I joined the health insurance plan「健康保険に加入しました」(けんこうほけんにかにゅうしました). She enrolled in the new membership program「彼女は新しい会員プログラムに加入した」(かのじょはあたらしいかいいんプログラムにかにゅうした). The word is often used in formal or administrative contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2903

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Art, Technique

Reading

Kanji

術Art, Technique

Explanation

The Japanese noun '術 (じゅつ)' refers to a skill, art, or technique, often implying a specialized or refined method. It is commonly used in contexts related to traditional arts, martial arts, or any field requiring expertise. For example: the art of negotiation「交渉の術」(こうしょうのじゅつ). He mastered the technique「彼はその術を極めた」(かれはそのじゅつをきわめた). The word can also imply a strategic or clever approach, as in 'the art of deception'「欺く術」(あざむくじゅつ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2904

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

End, Edge

Reading

Kanji

端End, Edge

Explanation

The Japanese noun '端 (はし)' can mean either 'edge' or 'end', depending on the context. When referring to 'edge', it describes the outermost part or boundary of something, such as the edge of a table or a cliff. For example: the edge of the table「テーブルの端」(テーブルのはし). When referring to 'end', it signifies the conclusion or extremity of something, like the end of a road or a story. For example: the end of the road「道の端」(みちのはし). It's important to note that '端' can also imply a starting point or a fragment, depending on the context. For example: a fragment of a conversation「会話の端」(かいわのはし).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2905

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Production

Reading

Kanji

製Manufacture 作Make

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '製作 (せいさく)' refers to the act of producing or manufacturing something, often used in contexts involving creative or industrial processes. It can apply to the production of goods, films, art, or other tangible or intangible items. For example: the production of a movie「映画の製作」(えいがのせいさく). This company specializes in the production of furniture「この会社は家具の製作を専門としています」(このかいしゃはかぐのせいさくをせんもんとしています). The word emphasizes the process of creating or making something, often with a focus on craftsmanship or detailed work.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2907

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Side, Aspect

Reading

Kanji

側Side 面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '側面 (そくめん)' can mean 'side' or 'aspect'. When referring to 'side', it often describes the physical side of an object or structure, such as the side of a building. For example: The side of the building is painted blue「建物の側面は青く塗られている」(たてもののそくめんはあおくぬられている). When used to mean 'aspect', it refers to a particular feature or perspective of a situation or topic. For example: We need to consider all aspects of the problem「問題のすべての側面を考慮する必要がある」(もんだいのすべてのそくめんをこうりょするひつようがある). The word is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2910

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Middle ages

Reading

Kanji

中Center 世World, Generation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '中世 (ちゅうせい)' refers to the 'Middle Ages', a historical period typically spanning from the 5th to the late 15th century in Europe. In Japan, it specifically refers to the medieval period, roughly from the late 12th century to the late 16th century, characterized by the rise of the samurai class and feudal systems. This term is used in historical and academic contexts to describe this era. For example: The Middle Ages were a time of great change「中世は大きな変化の時代だった」(ちゅうせいはおおきなへんかのじだいだった). Many castles were built during the Middle Ages「中世に多くの城が建てられた」(ちゅうせいにおおくのしろがたてられた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2911

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recruitment

Reading

Kanji

求Request, Seek 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '求人 (きゅうじん)' refers to the act of recruiting or seeking employees. It is commonly used in contexts related to job postings, hiring, and employment opportunities. For example: The company is recruiting new employees「会社は新しい従業員を求人しています」(かいしゃはあたらしいじゅうぎょういんをきゅうじんしています). I found a recruitment ad in the newspaper「新聞に求人広告を見つけました」(しんぶんにきゅうじんこうこくをみつけました). This term is often seen in job-related contexts, such as '求人情報 (きゅうじんじょうほう)' (recruitment information) or '求人サイト (きゅうじんサイト)' (job recruitment site).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2913

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Merger

Reading

Kanji

合Fit, Match 併Join, Put together

Explanation

The Japanese noun '合併 (がっぺい)' refers to the act of combining or merging two or more entities into one. This term is commonly used in business contexts to describe the merger of companies, but it can also apply to other types of organizations or even abstract concepts. For example: The merger of the two companies was successful「二つの会社の合併は成功した」(ふたつのかいしゃのがっぺいはせいこうした). The merger of the two towns created a larger city「二つの町の合併で大きな市ができた」(ふたつのまちのがっぺいでおおきないちができた). It's important to note that '合併' implies a formal and often legal process of unification.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2914

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sweets

Reading

Kanji

菓Fruit, Cake 子Child

Explanation

The Japanese noun '菓子 (かし)' refers to 'sweets' or 'confectionery'. It is commonly used to describe traditional Japanese sweets (和菓子, わがし) or Western-style sweets (洋菓子, ようがし). This word is often used in contexts related to snacks, desserts, or treats. For example: I bought some sweets「菓子を買いました」(かしをかいました). These sweets are delicious「この菓子は美味しいです」(このかしはおいしいです). The term can also refer to snacks in general, not just sweet items, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2915

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Presence, Sign

Reading

Kanji

気Spirit 配Distribute

Explanation

The Japanese noun '気配 (けはい)' refers to a subtle sign, indication, or presence of something. It often implies a sense of something being felt or noticed without being directly observed. This word is commonly used to describe an atmosphere, a hint of something happening, or the feeling of someone or something being nearby. For example: I felt a presence in the room「部屋に気配を感じた」(へやにけはいをかんじた). There was a sign of rain「雨の気配があった」(あめのけはいがあった). The word can also be used in abstract contexts, such as sensing a change in mood or situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2916

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Example

Reading

Kanji

事Thing 例Example

Explanation

The Japanese noun '事例 (じれい)' means 'example' or 'case'. It is commonly used to refer to specific instances, cases, or examples, often in formal or professional contexts such as reports, studies, or discussions. For instance: This is a typical example「これは典型的な事例です」(これはてんけいてきなじれいです). We analyzed several cases「いくつかの事例を分析しました」(いくつかのじれいをぶんせきしました). The word is often used in contexts like business, law, or research to describe real-world scenarios or precedents.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2917

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thought

Reading

Kanji

念Thought

Explanation

The Japanese noun '念 (ねん)' generally means 'thought' or 'feeling'. It is often used to express a sense of care, concern, or attention towards something. This word can be used in various contexts, such as expressing a wish, a sense of caution, or a deep feeling. For example: I will keep your advice in mind「あなたのアドバイスを念に置きます」(あなたのアドバイスをねんにおきます). He expressed his heartfelt thoughts「彼は心からの念を述べた」(かれはこころからのねんをのべた). The word can also be used in phrases like '念のため (ねんのため)', which means 'just in case' or 'for caution's sake'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2918

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plan, Total

Reading

Kanji

計Measure, Plan

Explanation

The Japanese noun '計 (けい)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'plan', referring to a strategy or scheme. For example: a plan to increase sales「売り上げを増やす計」(うりあげをふやすけい). The second meaning is 'total', referring to the sum or aggregate of something. For example: the total number of participants「参加者の計」(さんかしゃのけい). It's important to note that the context in which '計' is used will determine which meaning is intended. This noun is often used in formal or technical contexts, such as business or mathematics.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2919

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Total

Reading

Kanji

合Fit, Match 計Measure, Plan

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '合計 (ごうけい)' means 'total'. It refers to the sum or aggregate amount of something, often used in contexts involving numbers, quantities, or calculations. For example: the total amount is 500 yen「合計は500円です」(ごうけいは500えんです). Let's calculate the total「合計を計算しましょう」(ごうけいをけいさんしましょう). This word is commonly used in financial, mathematical, or everyday contexts to indicate the combined result of adding multiple items or values together.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2920

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Budget, Household

Reading

Kanji

家House 計Measure, Plan

Explanation

The Japanese noun '家計 (かけい)' refers to the financial affairs or budget of a household. It is commonly used to describe the income, expenses, and overall financial management of a family or household. For example: managing the household budget「家計を管理する」(かけいをかんりする). The household finances are tight this month「今月の家計は厳しい」(こんげつのかけいときびしい). This word is often used in discussions about personal finance, savings, and economic planning.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2921

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thermometer

Reading

Kanji

寒Cold 暖Warm 計Measure, Plan

Explanation

The Japanese noun '寒暖計 (かんだんけい)' refers to a 'thermometer', a device used to measure temperature. This word is a compound of '寒 (かん)' meaning 'cold', '暖 (だん)' meaning 'warm', and '計 (けい)' meaning 'meter' or 'gauge'. It is commonly used in contexts related to weather, health, or scientific measurements. For example: The thermometer shows the temperature「寒暖計は温度を示しています」(かんだんけいはおんどをしめしています). I bought a new thermometer「新しい寒暖計を買いました」(あたらしいかんだんけいをかいました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2925

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Serious, Earnest

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 面Face, Surface 目Eye

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '真面目 (まじめ)' primarily means 'serious' or 'earnest'. It is used to describe someone who is diligent, hardworking, or sincere in their actions or attitude. This word often carries a positive connotation, implying reliability and responsibility. However, it can also imply being overly serious or lacking a sense of humor in certain contexts. Example sentences: He is a serious student「彼は真面目な学生です」(かれはまじめながくせいです). She is earnest about her work「彼女は仕事に真面目です」(かのじょはしごとにまじめです). Note that '真面目' can also describe objects or situations that are genuine or authentic, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2926

Composition

kanji

Handwriting