Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Composition

word

Meaning

Roof

Reading

Kanji

屋Shop, Roof 根Root

Explanation

The Japanese noun '屋根 (やね)' means 'roof'. It refers to the structure that covers the top of a building, providing protection from weather elements like rain, snow, and sunlight. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and construction contexts. For example: The roof of the house is red「家の屋根は赤いです」(いえのやねはあかいです). The cat is sitting on the roof「猫が屋根の上に座っています」(ねこがやねのうえにすわっています). The word '屋根' is often used in combination with other words to specify types of roofs, such as '瓦屋根 (かわらやね)' (tiled roof) or '金属屋根 (きんぞくやね)' (metal roof).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3093

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Endpoint

Reading

Kanji

終End 点Point

Explanation

The Japanese noun '終点 (しゅうてん)' refers to the final destination or the last stop of a route, such as a train or bus line. It is commonly used in the context of transportation to indicate where a journey concludes. For example: The endpoint of this train line is Shinjuku「この電車の終点は新宿です」(このでんしゃのしゅうてんはしんじゅくです). Please get off at the endpoint「終点で降りてください」(しゅうてんでおりてください). The word can also metaphorically refer to the conclusion or final stage of something, such as a project or event.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3094

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Always

Reading

Kanji

始Begin 終End

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '始終 (しじゅう)' means 'always' or 'continuously'. It is used to describe something that happens all the time or without interruption. This word can be used in various contexts, such as describing habits, ongoing situations, or constant states. For example: He is always busy「彼は始終忙しい」(かれはしじゅういそがしい). She is always smiling「彼女は始終笑っている」(かのじょはしじゅうわらっている). It's important to note that '始終' can sometimes imply a sense of persistence or unceasing nature, adding a nuance of something being ongoing or perpetual.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3095

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

There

Reading

Kanji

彼Third person pronoun, He 処Deal with

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun '彼処 (かしこ)' means 'there' and is used to refer to a place that is distant from both the speaker and the listener. It is a formal or literary term and is less commonly used in everyday conversation compared to 'そこ' or 'あそこ'. For example: The book is over there「本は彼処にあります」(ほんはかしこにあります). She went there「彼女は彼処に行きました」(かのじょはかしこにいきました). Note that '彼処' can also carry a sense of reverence or formality, often used in written or ceremonial contexts.

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3098

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Last train

Reading

Kanji

終End 電Electricity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '終電 (しゅうでん)' refers to the 'last train' of the day, typically the final service running on a train line before operations cease for the night. This term is crucial for commuters and travelers who need to ensure they catch the last available train to reach their destination. Missing the 終電 often means having to find alternative transportation, such as taxis or staying overnight. Example sentences: I missed the last train「終電に乗り遅れた」(しゅうでんにのりおくれた). The last train leaves at midnight「終電は夜中の12時に出る」(しゅうでんはよなかの12じにでる).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3099

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Main, Principal

Reading

Kanji

主Master 要Important, Need

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '主要 (しゅよう)' means 'main' or 'principal'. It is used to describe something that is of primary importance or the most significant part of a whole. This term is often used in formal or academic contexts to highlight key elements or components. For example: the main reason「主要な理由」(しゅようなりゆう). The principal cities in Japan「日本の主要な都市」(にほんのしゅようなとし). It is important to note that '主要' is typically followed by the particle 'な' when modifying a noun, as in '主要な問題 (しゅようなもんだい) (main problem)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3100

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lawsuit

Reading

Kanji

訴Sue, Appeal 訟Sue, Litigate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '訴訟 (そしょう)' refers to a 'lawsuit' or 'legal action'. It is used in the context of legal disputes where one party takes another to court to resolve a conflict. This term is commonly used in legal, business, and personal contexts. For example: He filed a lawsuit「彼は訴訟を起こした」(かれはそしょうをおこした). The company is involved in a lawsuit「その会社は訴訟に関わっている」(そのかいしゃはそしょうにかかわっている). The word can also appear in compound terms like '民事訴訟 (みんじそしょう)' (civil lawsuit) or '刑事訴訟 (けいじそしょう)' (criminal lawsuit).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3101

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Disciple

Reading

Kanji

弟Younger brother 子Child

Explanation

The Japanese noun '弟子 (でし)' refers to a 'disciple' or 'apprentice'. It is used to describe someone who is learning under the guidance of a master or teacher, often in a specific art, skill, or discipline. This term is commonly associated with traditional arts, martial arts, or religious contexts. For example: He is my disciple「彼は私の弟子です」(かれはわたしのでしです). The master taught his disciple the art of calligraphy「師匠は弟子に書道を教えた」(ししょうはでしにしょどうをおしえた). The word carries a sense of respect and dedication, emphasizing the relationship between the teacher and the student.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3102

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cash

Reading

Kanji

現Appear, Current 金Gold

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '現金 (げんきん)' primarily means 'cash'. It refers to physical money in the form of bills or coins, as opposed to digital or credit-based transactions. This term is commonly used in contexts involving payments, transactions, or financial discussions. For example: I paid in cash「現金で払いました」(げんきんではらいました). Do you accept cash?「現金で払えますか？」(げんきんではらえますか？). It can also be used metaphorically to describe someone who is 'practical' or 'pragmatic', but this usage is less common and context-dependent.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3104

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

All at once

Reading

Kanji

一One 気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一気 (いっき)' means 'all at once' or 'in one go'. It is used to describe doing something in a single, continuous action without stopping. This word is often used in contexts where a task or action is completed quickly and without interruption. For example: He drank the beer all at once「彼はビールを一気に飲んだ」(かれはビールをいっきにのんだ). She read the book in one go「彼女はその本を一気に読んだ」(かのじょはそのほんをいっきによんだ). The word can also imply a sense of urgency or intensity in the action being described.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3106

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Current address

Reading

Kanji

現Appear, Current 住Live 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '現住所 (げんじゅうしょ)' refers to a person's current address or place of residence. It is commonly used in formal contexts, such as filling out forms, official documents, or when providing personal information. For example: Please write your current address「現住所を書いてください」(げんじゅうしょをかいてください). My current address is Tokyo「私の現住所は東京です」(わたしのげんじゅうしょはとうきょうです). The term is often used in contrast to a previous address or temporary residence.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3108

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Vicinity

Reading

Kanji

付Attach 近Near

Explanation

The Japanese noun '付近 (ふきん)' refers to the area or region near a specific location. It is commonly used to describe the surroundings or nearby area of a place. For example: There is a park in the vicinity「付近に公園があります」(ふきんにこうえんがあります). The store is located in the vicinity of the station「その店は駅の付近にあります」(そのみせはえきのふきんにあります). This word is neutral in tone and can be used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3109

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Enrollment

Reading

Kanji

在Be, Exist 学Learn

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '在学 (ざいがく)' refers to the state of being enrolled in an educational institution, such as a school or university. It is commonly used to describe someone who is currently studying at a particular institution. For example: He is enrolled at Tokyo University「彼は東京大学に在学している」(かれはとうきょうだいがくにざいがくしている). She is currently enrolled in high school「彼女は高校に在学中です」(かのじょはこうこうにざいがくちゅうです). The term is often used in formal contexts, such as on resumes or official documents, to indicate one's educational status.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3112

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soup

Reading

Kanji

汁Juice, Soup

Explanation

The Japanese noun '汁 (つゆ)' primarily means 'soup'. It refers to a liquid dish, typically made by boiling ingredients such as vegetables, meat, or fish in water or stock. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can refer to various types of soup, including miso soup (味噌汁, みそしる). For example: I had miso soup for breakfast「朝ごはんに味噌汁を飲んだ」(あさごはんにみそしるをのんだ). This soup is delicious「この汁は美味しい」(このつゆはおいしい). Additionally, '汁' can sometimes refer to the liquid or juice that comes out of food, such as the juice from a fruit or the broth from a stew, but its primary and most common usage is to denote soup.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3113

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Group, Tribe

Reading

Kanji

族Family

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '族 (ぞく)' is used to denote a group or category of people who share a common characteristic, interest, or behavior. It can be attached to various nouns to form new words that describe specific social groups or communities. For example, the word '社畜族 (しゃちくぞく)' refers to corporate slaves or overworked employees「社畜族は長時間労働を強いられる」(しゃちくぞくはちょうじかんろうどうをしいられる). Another example is 'オタク族 (おたくぞく)', which refers to otaku or people with obsessive interests「オタク族はアニメや漫画に詳しい」(おたくぞくはアニメやまんがにくわしい). This suffix is versatile and can be used in both formal and informal contexts to describe various social phenomena.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3114

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Training

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth 習Learn

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '実習 (じっしゅう)' refers to practical training or hands-on practice, often in an educational or professional setting. It is commonly used in contexts where students or trainees apply theoretical knowledge in real-world scenarios. For example: I will do training at a hospital「病院で実習をします」(びょういんでじっしゅうをします). The teacher observed the training session「先生が実習を見学しました」(せんせいがじっしゅうをけんがくしました). This term is frequently used in fields like medicine, education, and technical professions.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3120

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Real, Actual

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth 物Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '実物 (じつぶつ)' refers to something that is real or actual, as opposed to a representation or imitation. It is often used to emphasize the authenticity or physical presence of an object. For example: I want to see the real thing「実物を見たい」(じつぶつをみたい). This is the actual product「これは実物です」(これはじつぶつです). The term can be used in various contexts, such as art, commerce, or everyday conversation, to distinguish between the genuine article and a replica or model.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3121

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tonight

Reading

Kanji

今Now 夜Night

Explanation

The Japanese noun '今夜 (こんや)' means 'tonight'. It refers to the current evening or night, specifically the one happening on the same day. It is commonly used in everyday conversation to refer to plans, events, or situations occurring during the evening or night. For example: Let's meet tonight「今夜会いましょう」(こんやあいましょう). The weather will be clear tonight「今夜は晴れるでしょう」(こんやははれるでしょう). This word is often used in weather forecasts, invitations, or casual conversations about plans.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3122

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Infection

Reading

Kanji

感Feeling, Sensation 染Dye

Explanation

The Japanese noun '感染 (かんせん)' refers to 'infection'. It is commonly used in medical or health-related contexts to describe the process or state of being infected by a pathogen, such as a virus, bacteria, or parasite. For example: The infection spread quickly「感染が急速に広がった」(かんせんがきゅうそくにひろがった). To prevent infection, wash your hands「感染を防ぐために手を洗いなさい」(かんせんをふせぐためにてをあらいなさい). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe the spread of ideas or emotions, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3124

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Progress, Passage

Reading

Kanji

経Manage, Elapse 過Exceed, Error

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '経過 (けいか)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'passage', referring to the passing of time or the progression of events. For example: the passage of time「時間の経過」(じかんのけいか). The second meaning is 'progress', referring to the development or advancement of a situation or process. For example: the progress of the project「プロジェクトの経過」(ぷろじぇくとのけいか). This word is often used in formal or technical contexts to describe the unfolding of events or the status of a process. Another example: the progress of the disease「病気の経過」(びょうきのけいか).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3127

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

By chance

Reading

Kanji

偶Couple, By chance

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '偶々 (たまたま)' means 'by chance' or 'accidentally.' It is used to describe something that happens unexpectedly or without intention. This adverb is often applied to situations where coincidences or unplanned events occur. For example: We met by chance at the station 「偶々駅で会った」 (たまたまえきであった). I found this book by chance 「偶々この本を見つけた」 (たまたまこのほんをみつけた). Note that '偶々' carries a sense of serendipity or unexpectedness, often implying that the event was not planned but was a fortunate coincidence.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3129

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Handling

Reading

Kanji

対Against 処Deal with

Explanation

The Japanese noun '対処 (たいしょ)' means 'handling' or 'dealing with'. It refers to the act of managing or addressing a situation, problem, or task. This word is often used in contexts where one needs to take action to resolve or manage something. For example: proper handling of the situation is necessary「状況の適切な対処が必要です」(じょうきょうのてきせつなたいしょがひつようです). He is good at handling difficult problems「彼は難しい問題の対処が上手です」(かれはむずかしいもんだいのたいしょがじょうずです). The word can also imply a sense of strategy or method in dealing with challenges.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3130

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Yonder

Reading

Kanji

彼Third person pronoun, He 方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun '彼方 (かなた)' refers to a distant place or direction, often implying something far away or beyond immediate sight. It carries a poetic or literary nuance and is commonly used in formal or artistic contexts. For example: the stars in yonder sky「彼方の空の星」(かなたのそらのほし). The mountains in the distance「彼方の山々」(かなたのやまやま). This word is often used to evoke a sense of mystery or longing for something unreachable.

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3131

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

First departure

Reading

Kanji

始Begin 発Departure

Explanation

The Japanese noun '始発 (しはつ)' refers to the first departure of a train, bus, or other form of public transportation for the day. It is commonly used in the context of schedules and timetables. For example: I took the first train「始発に乗りました」(しはつにのりました). The first bus leaves at 5:30 AM「始発のバスは午前5時30分に出発します」(しはつのバスはごぜんごじさんじゅっぷんにしゅっぱつします). This term is essential for early commuters or travelers who need to catch the earliest available transport.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3133

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Candidate

Reading

Kanji

候Climate 補Supplement

Explanation

The Japanese noun '候補 (こうほ)' means 'candidate'. It is commonly used to refer to someone who is being considered for a position, role, or opportunity. This term is often used in political, professional, or academic contexts. For example: he is a candidate for the position「彼はそのポジションの候補です」(かれはそのポジションのこうほです). She is a candidate for the scholarship「彼女は奨学金の候補です」(かのじょはしょうがくきんのこうほです). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as being a candidate for a prize or an award.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3134

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Farmer

Reading

Kanji

農Agriculture 民People, Nation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '農民 (のうみん)' refers to a 'farmer' or 'peasant', specifically someone who works in agriculture, cultivating crops or raising livestock. This term often carries a historical or traditional connotation, particularly in the context of pre-modern Japan, where farmers were a significant part of the population and played a crucial role in the economy. In modern usage, it can still refer to farmers but may also evoke images of rural life or traditional farming practices. Example sentences: The farmer works in the fields「農民は畑で働く」(のうみんははたけではたらく). Many farmers live in this village「この村には多くの農民が住んでいる」(このむらにはおおくののうみんがすんでいる).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3138

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Noise

Reading

Kanji

雑Miscellaneous 音Sound

Explanation

The Japanese noun '雑音 (ざつおん)' refers to 'noise', particularly unwanted or disruptive sounds. This term is often used in contexts where background noise interferes with communication or clarity, such as in audio recordings, phone calls, or public spaces. For example: There is too much noise in this room「この部屋は雑音が多すぎる」(このへやはざつおんがおおすぎる). The noise from the construction site is annoying「工事現場の雑音がうるさい」(こうじげんばのざつおんがうるさい). It can also be used metaphorically to describe irrelevant or distracting information, such as in a discussion or written text.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3139

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Base

Reading

Kanji

基Base, Fundation 地Ground

Explanation

The Japanese noun '基地 (きち)' refers to a 'base', typically a military or operational base. It is used to describe a central location or facility from which activities are conducted, such as military operations, scientific research, or other organized efforts. For example: The military base is located in the mountains「その軍事基地は山の中にあります」(そのぐんじきちはやまのなかにあります). The research base in Antarctica is very cold「南極の研究基地はとても寒いです」(なんきょくのけんきゅうきちはとてもさむいです). This term is often used in contexts involving strategic locations or facilities that serve as a hub for specific activities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3142

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Prize

Reading

Kanji

賞Prize

Explanation

The Japanese noun '賞 (しょう)' means 'prize'. This word is used to refer to awards, honors, or prizes given for achievements in various fields such as sports, arts, academics, or competitions. It is often used in contexts like winning a prize or receiving an award. For example: He won the first prize「彼は一等賞を取った」(かれはいっとうしょうをとった). The Nobel Prize is a prestigious award「ノーベル賞は名誉ある賞です」(ノーベルしょうはめいよあるしょうです). The word can also be part of compound nouns, such as '受賞 (じゅしょう)' (receiving a prize) or '賞金 (しょうきん)' (prize money).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3143

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Essence

Reading

Kanji

要Important, Need

Explanation

The Japanese noun '要 (よう)' means 'essence' or 'main point'. It is used to refer to the core or most important part of something. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to summarize or highlight the key aspects of a topic. For example: The essence of the problem is clear「問題の要は明らかだ」(もんだいのようはあきらかだ). The main point of the discussion is this「議論の要はこれだ」(ぎろんのようはこれだ). Additionally, '要' can also appear in compound words like '要点 (ようてん)', meaning 'main point' or 'gist'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3144

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Establish, Rate

Reading

Kanji

立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '立 (りつ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'rate', often used in contexts related to percentages or ratios. For example: unemployment rate「失業率」(しつぎょうりつ). The second meaning is 'establish', used in contexts related to founding or setting up something. For example: establish a company「会社を設立する」(かいしゃをせつりつする). It's important to note that this suffix is often used in compound words and its meaning can vary depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3145

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Alphabet

Reading

Kanji

五Five 十Ten 音Sound

Explanation

The Japanese noun '五十音 (ごじゅうおん)' refers to the 'Japanese syllabary' or 'alphabet'. It specifically denotes the systematic arrangement of the basic syllables in the Japanese language, which are organized in a grid known as the 'gojūonzu'. This grid includes all the basic kana characters (hiragana and katakana) arranged in a specific order. For example: Let's study the Japanese alphabet「五十音を勉強しましょう」(ごじゅうおんをべんきょうしましょう). The teacher wrote the Japanese alphabet on the board「先生は五十音を黒板に書きました」(せんせいはごじゅうおんをこくばんにかきました). The term is often used in the context of learning Japanese, as mastering the 五十音 is the first step in understanding the language.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3147

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Carefree

Reading

Kanji

気Spirit 楽Music, Pleasure

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '気楽 (きらく)' means 'carefree' or 'easygoing'. It describes a state of being relaxed, free from worry, or not burdened by stress. This word is often used to describe a person's attitude, lifestyle, or situation. For example: He lives a carefree life「彼は気楽な生活をしている」(かれはきらくなせいかつをしている). Don't worry, just take it easy「心配しないで、気楽にやって」(しんぱいしないで、きらくにやって). It can also imply a sense of simplicity or lack of pressure, as in '気楽な仕事 (きらくなしごと) (an easy job)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3148

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Outing

Reading

Kanji

行Go 楽Music, Pleasure

Explanation

The Japanese noun '行楽 (こうらく)' refers to an 'outing' or a leisure trip, often for enjoyment or relaxation. It is commonly used to describe activities such as picnics, sightseeing, or visiting recreational places. For example: We went on an outing to the park「公園に行楽に行きました」(こうえんにこうらくにいきました). The autumn season is perfect for outings「秋は行楽にぴったりの季節です」(あきはこうらくにぴったりのきせつです). This word is often associated with pleasant and leisurely activities, emphasizing the enjoyment of the experience.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3149

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ring finger

Reading

Kanji

薬Medicine 指Finger

Explanation

The Japanese noun '薬指 (くすりゆび)' refers to the 'ring finger', which is the fourth finger on the hand, typically the one next to the little finger. Historically, this finger was believed to have a direct connection to the heart, which is why it is traditionally used for wearing rings, especially wedding rings. Example sentences: She wears a ring on her ring finger「彼女は薬指に指輪をはめている」(かのじょはくすりゆびにゆびわをはめている). My ring finger is longer than my index finger「私の薬指は人差し指より長い」(わたしのくすりゆびはひとさしゆびよりながい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3150

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dependence

Reading

Kanji

依Reliant, Depend on 存Exist, Suppose

Explanation

The Japanese noun '依存 (いぞん)' means 'dependence'. It refers to a state of relying on or being controlled by something or someone else. This term is often used in contexts such as addiction, reliance on substances, or emotional dependence. For example: He has a dependence on alcohol「彼はアルコールに依存している」(かれはアルコールにいぞんしている). The country's dependence on foreign oil is increasing「その国の外国産石油への依存が増えている」(そのくにのがいこくさんせきゆへのいぞんがふえている). It can also be used in psychological or social contexts to describe reliance on others for emotional support or decision-making.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3152

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Both

Reading

Kanji

両Both 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '両者 (りょうしゃ)' means 'both' and refers to two parties, individuals, or groups being considered together. It is often used in formal or written contexts to emphasize the inclusion of both sides in a discussion, comparison, or situation. For example: Both parties agreed「両者は同意した」(りょうしゃはどういした). Both candidates are qualified「両者は資格がある」(りょうしゃはしかくがある). The term is neutral and can be applied to people, organizations, or abstract entities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3153

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plan

Reading

Kanji

企Plan, Project 画Picture

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '企画 (きかく)' means 'plan' or 'project'. It refers to the act of planning or organizing something, often used in business or creative contexts. For example: We are planning a new project「新しい企画を立てています」(あたらしいきかくをたてています). The event was well planned「そのイベントはよく企画されていた」(そのイベントはよくきかくされていた). This term is commonly used in professional settings to describe the process of developing ideas and strategies for future activities.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3154

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Section, Division

Reading

Kanji

区District 画Picture

Explanation

The Japanese noun '区画 (くかく)' refers to a section or division of a larger area, often used in contexts like land, city planning, or zoning. It can describe a specific partitioned area within a larger space. For example: The land was divided into sections「土地は区画に分けられた」(とちはくかくにわけられた). This area is a residential division「この地域は住宅区画です」(このちいきはじゅうたくくかくです). The word is commonly used in urban planning, real estate, and administrative contexts to denote clearly defined areas.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3155

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Natural history

Reading

Kanji

博Extensive, Doctor 物Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '博物 (はくぶつ)' refers to 'natural history', which is the study of organisms and natural objects. This term is often used in contexts related to museums, education, and scientific research. For example: The museum has a natural history exhibit「博物館には博物の展示がある」(はくぶつかんにははくぶつのてんじがある). He studies natural history「彼は博物を研究している」(かれははくぶつをけんきゅうしている). The term can also be associated with collections of natural specimens, such as plants, animals, and minerals.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3156

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Contents

Reading

Kanji

中Center 身Body, Self

Explanation

The Japanese noun '中身 (なかみ)' refers to the contents or substance inside something. It can be used for physical objects, such as the contents of a box or bag, as well as abstract concepts, like the content of a discussion or the essence of a matter. For example: the contents of the box are fragile「箱の中身は壊れやすい」(はこのなかみはこわれやすい). The content of the meeting was confidential「会議の中身は秘密だった」(かいぎのなかみはひみつだった). This word emphasizes what is inside or the core of something, whether tangible or intangible.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3159

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ceiling

Reading

Kanji

天Heaven 井Well

Explanation

The Japanese noun '天井 (てんじょう)' refers to the ceiling of a room or structure. It is commonly used to describe the upper interior surface of a space. For example: the ceiling is high「天井が高い」(てんじょうがたかい). The light is attached to the ceiling「照明が天井に取り付けられている」(しょうめいがてんじょうにとりつけられている). In some contexts, it can also metaphorically represent a limit or boundary, such as in financial or performance terms, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3161

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Direction, Field

Reading

Kanji

方Direction 面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '方面 (ほうめん)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'direction', referring to a specific area or region, often in a geographical sense. For example: the train is heading in the direction of Tokyo「電車は東京方面に向かっています」(でんしゃはとうきょうほうめんにむかっています). The second meaning is 'field', referring to a specific area of expertise, interest, or activity. For example: he is an expert in the field of science「彼は科学方面の専門家です」(かれはかがくほうめんのせんもんかです). The word is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3162

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gold

Reading

Kanji

金Gold 色Color

Explanation

The Japanese noun '金色 (きんいろ)' means 'gold' or 'golden color'. It refers to the color or appearance of gold, often used to describe something that shines or has a metallic gold hue. This word is commonly used in contexts related to art, nature, or objects with a golden appearance. For example: The sunset was golden「夕日は金色だった」(ゆうひはきんいろだった). The statue is painted in gold「その像は金色に塗られている」(そのぞうはきんいろにぬられている). Note that '金色' specifically refers to the color or appearance, not the material itself.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3163

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tool, Ingredient

Reading

Kanji

具Tool

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '具 (ぐ)' has two distinct meanings depending on the context. The first meaning is 'tool', referring to an instrument or device used to carry out a particular function. For example: cooking tools「調理具」(ちょうりぐ). The second meaning is 'ingredient', referring to a component used in cooking or preparing something. For example: ingredients for soup「スープの具」(スープのぐ). It's important to note that this suffix is often attached to other words to specify the type of tool or ingredient being referred to.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3165

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Awareness

Reading

Kanji

自Self 覚Remember, Awake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '自覚 (じかく)' means 'awareness' or 'self-awareness'. It refers to the recognition or understanding of one's own condition, abilities, or responsibilities. This word is often used in contexts where someone becomes conscious of their own state or role. For example: He has no awareness of his own mistakes「彼は自分の間違いに自覚がない」(かれはじぶんのまちがいにじかくがない). She gained awareness of her responsibilities「彼女は自分の責任を自覚した」(かのじょはじぶんのせきにんをじかくした). The word can also be used in a broader sense, such as awareness of societal issues or personal growth.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3168

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

A kind

Reading

Kanji

一One 種Kind, Variety

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一種 (いっしゅ)' means 'a kind' or 'a sort'. It is used to describe something as being of a particular type or category, often implying uniqueness or a special quality. For example: This is a kind of magic「これは一種の魔法だ」(これはいっしゅのまほうだ). He has a kind of charm「彼には一種の魅力がある」(かれにはいっしゅのみりょくがある). The word can also be used to express that something is somewhat or partially of a certain nature, as in 'a kind of happiness'「一種の幸せ」(いっしゅのしあわせ).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3170

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crowd

Reading

Kanji

大Big 勢Power, Force

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大勢 (おおぜい)' means 'crowd' or 'a large number of people'. It is used to describe a situation where many people are gathered together. This word is often used in contexts involving events, gatherings, or places where many people are present. For example: There was a crowd at the station「駅には大勢の人がいた」(えきにはおおぜいのひとがいた). A crowd gathered to watch the parade「パレードを見るために大勢が集まった」(パレードをみるためにおおぜいがあつまった). Note that '大勢' specifically refers to a large number of people, not objects or animals.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3172

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grades, Results

Reading

Kanji

成Become 績Achievement

Explanation

The Japanese noun '成績 (せいせき)' primarily refers to academic grades or performance, but it can also mean results or achievements in a broader context, such as in work or sports. For example: His grades are excellent「彼の成績は優秀です」(かれのせいせきはゆうしゅうです). The results of the project were impressive「そのプロジェクトの成績は素晴らしかった」(そのプロジェクトのせいせきはすばらしかった). The word is commonly used in educational settings to discuss academic performance, but it can also be applied to evaluate outcomes in various fields.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3173

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Peninsula

Reading

Kanji

半Half 島Island

Explanation

The Japanese noun '半島 (はんとう)' means 'peninsula'. It refers to a piece of land that is almost entirely surrounded by water but connected to the mainland on one side. This term is commonly used in geography and everyday conversation when referring to specific peninsulas, such as the Korean Peninsula or the Izu Peninsula. For example: The Korean Peninsula is beautiful「朝鮮半島は美しい」(ちょうせんはんとうはうつくしい). I visited the Izu Peninsula last summer「去年の夏、伊豆半島を訪れました」(きょねんのなつ、いずはんとうをおとずれました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3174

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Event

Reading

Kanji

種Kind, Variety 目Eye

Explanation

The Japanese noun '種目 (しゅもく)' refers to a specific event, category, or item, particularly in contexts like sports, competitions, or lists. It is commonly used to describe a distinct part of a larger program or schedule. For example: the next event is the 100-meter dash「次の種目は100メートル走です」(つぎのしゅもくはひゃくメートルそうです). This event is my favorite「この種目は私のお気に入りです」(このしゅもくはわたしのおきにいりです). The word is often used in formal or organized settings, such as sports tournaments or academic competitions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3175

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Condition, Adjustment

Reading

Kanji

加Join, Add 減Decrease

Explanation

The Japanese noun '加減 (かげん)' can mean 'adjustment' or 'condition'. When referring to 'adjustment', it often implies fine-tuning or regulating something, such as temperature or intensity. For example: adjust the heat「火加減を調節する」(ひかげんをちょうせつする). When referring to 'condition', it describes the state or degree of something, often in terms of health or physical state. For example: his condition is not good「彼の体調は加減が悪い」(かれのたいちょうはかげんがわるい). This word is versatile and context-dependent, so its meaning can shift slightly based on usage.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3177

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Approach

Reading

Kanji

接Contact, Touch 近Near

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '接近 (せっきん)' means 'approach'. It refers to the act of coming closer to something or someone, either physically or metaphorically. It can be used in various contexts, such as describing the approach of a person, an event, or even an abstract concept like danger. For example: The storm is approaching「嵐が接近している」(あらしがせっきんしている). He approached the problem carefully「彼はその問題に接近した」(かれはそのもんだいにせっきんした). This word is often used in formal or serious contexts, and it can imply a sense of urgency or importance.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3178

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Triangle

Reading

Kanji

三Three 角Corner, Angle 形Shape

Explanation

The Japanese noun '三角形 (さんかくけい)' means 'triangle'. It refers to a three-sided polygon in geometry. This word is commonly used in mathematical contexts or when describing shapes. For example: draw a triangle「三角形を描いてください」(さんかくけいをえがいてください). The roof has a triangular shape「屋根は三角形の形をしています」(やねはさんかくけいのかたちをしています). The word is a combination of '三 (さん)' meaning 'three', '角 (かく)' meaning 'angle', and '形 (けい)' meaning 'shape'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3181

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Assistance, Subsidy

Reading

Kanji

補Supplement 助Help

Explanation

The Japanese noun '補助 (ほじょ)' can mean 'assistance' or 'subsidy', depending on the context. When referring to 'assistance', it often implies support or help provided to someone or something, such as in a collaborative effort. For example: The government provides assistance to small businesses「政府は中小企業に補助を提供する」(せいふはちゅうしょうきぎょうにほじょをていきょうする). When referring to 'subsidy', it typically involves financial aid or support, often from a government or organization. For example: The project received a subsidy from the local government「そのプロジェクトは地方自治体から補助を受けた」(そのプロジェクトはちほうじちたいからほじょをうけた). The word is commonly used in formal or official contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3183

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Composition

Reading

Kanji

作Make 曲Music, Bend

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '作曲 (さっきょく)' refers to the act of composing music. It is used to describe the process of creating musical pieces, whether they are songs, symphonies, or other forms of music. This term is often used in contexts related to music production, education, and appreciation. For example: He is famous for his composition「彼は作曲で有名です」(かれはさっきょくでゆうめいです). I enjoy composing music in my free time「私は暇な時に作曲を楽しみます」(わたしはひまなときにさっきょくをたのしみます). The word can also be used in compound forms, such as '作曲家 (さっきょくか)' which means 'composer'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3185

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Common

Reading

Kanji

共Together 通Commute, Pass

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '共通 (きょうつう)' means 'common' or 'shared'. It is used to describe something that is mutual, shared, or applicable to multiple people, things, or situations. This word is often used in contexts where there is a shared characteristic, feature, or understanding. For example: We have common interests「私たちには共通の興味がある」(わたしたちにはきょうつうのきょうみがある). This problem is common to all「この問題はすべてに共通している」(このもんだいはすべてにきょうつうしている). Note that '共通' is frequently used in compound words, such as '共通点 (きょうつうてん)' (common point) or '共通語 (きょうつうご)' (common language).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3186

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Occasion

Reading

Kanji

折Bend, Fold

Explanation

The Japanese noun '折 (おり)' primarily means 'occasion' or 'time' when referring to a specific moment or event. It is often used to describe a particular instance or opportunity. For example: on that occasion「その折に」(そのおりに). It can also imply a sense of timing or a chance to do something. Another example: this is a good opportunity「これは良い折だ」(これはよいおりだ). Note that '折' is often used in formal or written contexts and carries a nuanced sense of a fleeting or significant moment.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3187

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Left hand

Reading

Kanji

左Left 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '左手 (ひだりて)' means 'left hand'. It refers specifically to the hand on the left side of the body. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can be used in various contexts, such as describing actions, giving directions, or discussing physical attributes. For example: I write with my left hand「私は左手で書きます」(わたしはひだりてでかきます). He held the bag in his left hand「彼は左手でバッグを持っていた」(かれはひだりてでバッグをもっていた). The word is straightforward and does not carry additional nuanced meanings beyond its literal definition.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3188

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stick

Reading

Kanji

棒Pole, Bar

Explanation

The Japanese noun '棒 (ぼう)' means 'stick'. This word refers to a long, thin, and usually cylindrical object made of wood, metal, or another material. It is commonly used to describe objects like a walking stick, a rod, or even a baton. For example: He picked up a stick「彼は棒を拾った」(かれはぼうをひろった). The conductor waved the baton「指揮者が棒を振った」(しきしゃがぼうをふった). In some contexts, '棒' can also refer to a straight line or a bar, such as in graphs or diagrams. However, the primary and most common meaning is 'stick'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3189

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Common language

Reading

Kanji

共Together 通Commute, Pass 語Language, Word

Explanation

The Japanese noun '共通語 (きょうつうご)' refers to a 'common language' or 'lingua franca' that is widely understood and used by people across different regions or groups. It often implies a standard form of communication that bridges dialects or languages. For example: English is the common language of the world「英語は世界の共通語です」(えいごはせかいのきょうつうごです). In Japan, standard Japanese is the common language「日本では標準語が共通語です」(にほんではひょうじゅんごがきょうつうごです). This term can also refer to shared terminology within specific fields or communities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3190

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cooperation

Reading

Kanji

共Together 同Same

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '共同 (きょうどう)' means 'cooperation' or 'joint effort'. It refers to the act of working together with others towards a common goal. This term is often used in contexts such as business, research, or community projects where collaboration is essential. For example: We need cooperation to complete this project「このプロジェクトを完成させるには共同が必要です」(このプロジェクトをかんせいさせるにはきょうどうがひつようです). They are working on a joint research project「彼らは共同研究に取り組んでいます」(かれらはきょうどうけんきゅうにとりくんでいます). The term can also be used in compound words like '共同作業 (きょうどうさぎょう)' (collaborative work) or '共同責任 (きょうどうせきにん)' (joint responsibility).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3191

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Joint, Combination

Reading

Kanji

合Fit, Match 同Same

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '合同 (ごうどう)' can mean 'joint' or 'combination', depending on the context. It is often used to describe activities, efforts, or events that involve multiple parties working together. For example: a joint project「合同プロジェクト」(ごうどうぷろじぇくと). It can also refer to the merging or combining of different elements, such as in mathematics or business. For example: the combination of two companies「二つの会社の合同」(ふたつのかいしゃのごうどう). Note that '合同' is commonly used in formal or organizational contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3192

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Six thousand

Reading

Kanji

六Six 千Thousand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '六千 (ろくせん)' means 'six thousand'. It is a numerical term used to denote the quantity of six thousand. This word is often used in contexts involving counting, pricing, or any situation where large numbers are discussed. For example: the price is six thousand yen「値段は六千円です」(ねだんはろくせんえんです). There are six thousand people in the audience「観客は六千人です」(かんきゃくはろくせんにんです). Note that '六千' is a specific number and is used in formal or written contexts, while in casual speech, numbers are often expressed in a more simplified manner.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3193

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Regular, Commuter pass

Reading

Kanji

定Determine 期Time, Period

Explanation

The Japanese noun '定期 (ていき)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'regular', referring to something that occurs at fixed intervals or is consistent in nature. For example: a regular meeting「定期の会議」(ていきのかいぎ). The second meaning is 'commuter pass', specifically referring to a ticket or pass used for regular commuting, such as on trains or buses. For example: I bought a commuter pass「定期を買いました」(ていきをかいました). It's important to note that the context in which '定期' is used will determine which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3194

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Manuscript

Reading

Kanji

原Meadow, Original 稿Manuscript, Draft

Explanation

The Japanese noun '原稿 (げんこう)' refers to a 'manuscript' or 'draft'. It is commonly used to describe a written document, such as a draft of a book, article, or speech, before it is finalized or published. For example: I finished writing the manuscript「原稿を書き終えました」(げんこうをかきおえました). Please submit your manuscript by tomorrow「明日までに原稿を提出してください」(あしたまでにげんこうをていしゅつしてください). This word is often used in professional or academic contexts, such as publishing, journalism, or writing.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3197

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Account

Reading

Kanji

口Mouth 座Sit, Seat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '口座 (こうざ)' refers to a bank account. It is commonly used in contexts related to banking, finance, and transactions. For example: I opened a new bank account「新しい口座を開きました」(あたらしいこうざをひらきました). Please transfer the money to my account「私の口座にお金を振り込んでください」(わたしのこうざにおかねをふりこんでください). The term is neutral and can refer to any type of bank account, whether it's for savings, checking, or other purposes.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3198

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Governor

Reading

Kanji

知Know 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '知事 (ちじ)' refers to a 'governor', specifically the head of a prefecture in Japan. This term is used in political and administrative contexts to denote the elected leader responsible for governing one of Japan's 47 prefectures. For example: The governor announced a new policy「知事が新しい政策を発表した」(ちじがあたらしいせいさくをはっぴょうした). The governor of Tokyo is very popular「東京の知事はとても人気がある」(とうきょうのちじはとてもにんきがある). The role of a 知事 involves overseeing local government, implementing policies, and representing the prefecture at the national level.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3199

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lodging

Reading

Kanji

下Down 宿Lodging

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '下宿 (げしゅく)' refers to 'lodging' or 'boarding'. It typically describes a situation where someone rents a room in a private home, often including meals. This term is commonly used by students or workers who live away from their family homes. For example: I found a lodging near the university「大学の近くに下宿を見つけた」(だいがくのちかくにげしゅくをみつけた). She is staying at a lodging house「彼女は下宿に泊まっている」(かのじょはげしゅくにとまっている). The term emphasizes the temporary and rented nature of the accommodation, distinguishing it from owning or permanently residing in a place.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3200

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Muscle

Reading

Kanji

筋Muscle, Tendon 肉Meat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '筋肉 (きんにく)' means 'muscle'. It refers to the tissue in the body that contracts to produce movement. This word is commonly used in contexts related to anatomy, fitness, and health. For example: He has strong muscles「彼は筋肉が強い」(かれはきんにくがつよい). I need to exercise to build muscle「筋肉をつけるために運動が必要だ」(きんにくをつけるためにうんどうがひつようだ). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe strength or effort, as in '筋肉労働 (きんにくろうどう) (manual labor)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3201

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Storage

Reading

Kanji

庫Warehouse

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '庫 (こ)' means 'storage' and is commonly used in compound words to denote a place or facility where something is stored. It is often attached to nouns to specify the type of storage, such as a warehouse, garage, or repository. For example: car garage「車庫」(しゃこ). warehouse「倉庫」(そうこ). It is important to note that '庫' is rarely used as a standalone word and is typically part of a larger compound. The suffix carries a formal or technical nuance, often used in contexts related to infrastructure, logistics, or organization.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3202

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

English Japanese

Reading

Kanji

英England, Distinguished 和Peace

Explanation

The Japanese noun '英和 (えいわ)' refers to something that is related to both English and Japanese, often used in the context of dictionaries or language resources. It is commonly seen in the titles of English-Japanese dictionaries, such as '英和辞典 (えいわじてん)'. For example: I bought an English-Japanese dictionary「英和辞典を買いました」(えいわじてんをかいました). This book is an English-Japanese translation guide「この本は英和翻訳ガイドです」(このほんはえいわほんやくガイドです). The term can also be used more broadly to describe anything that bridges English and Japanese languages or cultures.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3203

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reality

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth 態Appearance, Condition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '実態 (じったい)' means 'reality' or 'actual state'. It refers to the true condition or essence of something, often contrasting with appearances or assumptions. This word is commonly used in formal or analytical contexts to describe the underlying truth of a situation. For example: the reality of the situation is harsh「実態は厳しい」(じったいはきびしい). We need to understand the actual state of the economy「経済の実態を理解する必要がある」(けいざいのじったいをりかいするひつようがある). Note that '実態' is often used in discussions about social issues, business, or research to emphasize factual conditions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3204

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tax

Reading

Kanji

税Tax 金Gold

Explanation

The Japanese noun '税金 (ぜいきん)' means 'tax'. It refers to the mandatory financial charge or levy imposed by the government on individuals or entities to fund public expenditures. This word is commonly used in discussions about finances, government policies, or personal budgeting. For example: I paid my taxes「税金を払いました」(ぜいきんをはらいました). The tax rate increased this year「今年は税金が上がりました」(ことしはぜいきんがあがりました). It is important to note that '税金' is a general term and can refer to various types of taxes, such as income tax, sales tax, or property tax.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3205

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ocean

Reading

Kanji

海Sea 洋Ocean, Western style

Explanation

The Japanese noun '海洋 (かいよう)' refers to the 'ocean' or 'sea'. It is a formal term often used in scientific, geographical, or technical contexts to describe large bodies of saltwater. For example: the ocean is vast「海洋は広大だ」(かいようはこうだいだ). Marine life thrives in the ocean「海洋には海洋生物が生息している」(かいようにはかいようせいぶつがせいそくしている). This word is distinct from more casual terms like '海 (うみ)', which simply means 'sea' or 'beach' and is used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3207

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Storehouse

Reading

Kanji

蔵Storehouse

Explanation

The Japanese noun '蔵 (くら)' refers to a 'storehouse' or 'warehouse', a place where goods, especially food, alcohol, or valuables, are stored. It is often associated with traditional Japanese architecture and is commonly used in contexts related to storage, preservation, or historical buildings. For example: The sake is stored in the storehouse「酒は蔵に保管されている」(さけはくらにほかんされている). This old storehouse has been here for centuries「この古い蔵は何世紀も前からここにある」(このふるいくらはなんせいきもまえからここにある). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe a repository of knowledge or memories.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3208

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Westerner

Reading

Kanji

西West 洋Ocean, Western style 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '西洋人 (せいようじん)' refers to a person from the Western world, particularly Europe or North America. It is a neutral term used to describe someone of Western origin or descent. The word is composed of '西洋 (せいよう)', meaning 'the West' or 'Western', and '人 (じん)', meaning 'person'. Example sentences: The Westerner is tall「その西洋人は背が高い」(そのせいようじんはせがたかい). I met a Westerner at the station「駅で西洋人に会った」(えきでせいようじんにあった). This term is commonly used in contexts where distinguishing between Western and non-Western individuals is relevant.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3209

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Weapon

Reading

Kanji

武Military 器Vessel

Explanation

The Japanese noun '武器 (ぶき)' means 'weapon'. This term refers to any tool or instrument used to inflict harm or damage, typically in combat or self-defense. It can be used literally, such as swords or guns, or metaphorically, such as skills or strategies. For example: he carries a weapon「彼は武器を持っている」(かれはぶきをもっている). Knowledge is a powerful weapon「知識は強力な武器だ」(ちしきはきょうりょくなぶきだ). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as in business or sports, to describe something that gives an advantage.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3213

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relative

Reading

Kanji

親Parent 類Kind, Type

Explanation

The Japanese noun '親類 (しんるい)' refers to a 'relative' or 'relation', specifically someone connected by blood or marriage. It is a general term used to describe family members beyond the immediate family, such as cousins, aunts, uncles, or in-laws. For example: He is my relative「彼は私の親類です」(かれはわたしのしんるいです). We have many relatives「私たちは親類が多いです」(わたしたちはしんるいがおおいです). The word is often used in formal or neutral contexts and can sometimes imply a broader family network.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3214

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Real, Genuine

Reading

Kanji

本Book, Origin 物Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '本物 (ほんもの)' refers to something that is genuine, authentic, or real, as opposed to being fake or imitation. It is often used to describe objects, experiences, or even people. For example: This is a genuine diamond「これは本物のダイヤモンドです」(これはほんもののダイヤモンドです). He is a real artist「彼は本物の芸術家です」(かれはほんもののげいじゅつかです). The word can also imply a sense of quality or excellence, as in '本物の味 (ほんもののあじ) (authentic taste)'. It is commonly used in contexts where distinguishing between real and fake is important.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3220

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thumb

Reading

Kanji

親Parent 指Finger

Explanation

The Japanese noun '親指 (おやゆび)' refers to the 'thumb', the shortest and thickest digit of the human hand. It is used in various contexts, such as describing body parts, gestures, or actions involving the thumb. For example: I hurt my thumb「親指をけがした」(おやゆびをけがした). He gave a thumbs up「彼は親指を立てた」(かれはおやゆびをたてた). The thumb is often contrasted with other fingers, such as in the phrase '親指と人差し指 (おやゆびとひとさしゆび) (thumb and index finger)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3223

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Member

Reading

Kanji

会Meet 員Member

Explanation

The Japanese noun '会員 (かいいん)' means 'member'. It refers to someone who is part of a group, organization, club, or association. This term is commonly used in contexts like gym memberships, online services, or professional organizations. For example: I am a member of this club「私はこのクラブの会員です」(わたしはこのクラブのかいいんです). He became a new member of the team「彼はチームの新しい会員になりました」(かれはチームのあたらしいかいいんになりました). The word can also imply a sense of belonging or participation in a specific community or system.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3225

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Emperor

Reading

Kanji

皇Emperor 帝Emperor, Sovereign

Explanation

The Japanese noun '皇帝 (こうてい)' refers to an 'emperor', specifically a sovereign ruler of an empire. This term is often used in historical or formal contexts to describe the supreme monarch of a large territory or empire. For example: The emperor ruled the vast empire「皇帝は広大な帝国を治めた」(こうていはこうだいなていこくをおさめた). The emperor's palace was magnificent「皇帝の宮殿は壮大だった」(こうていのきゅうでんはそうだいだった). In modern usage, it is less common but still appears in historical discussions or titles, such as 'Roman Emperor'「ローマ皇帝」(ろーまこうてい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3226

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Arrangement, Placement

Reading

Kanji

配Distribute 置Put

Explanation

The Japanese noun '配置 (はいち)' refers to the arrangement or placement of objects, people, or elements in a specific order or position. It is commonly used in contexts such as organizing furniture, positioning items, or assigning roles. For example: the arrangement of the furniture is good「家具の配置が良い」(かぐのはいちがいい). The placement of the employees was carefully planned「社員の配置は慎重に計画された」(しゃいんのはいちはしんちょうにけいかくされた). This word emphasizes the deliberate and strategic nature of arranging or placing something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3227

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Aquarium

Reading

Kanji

水Water 族Family 館Building

Explanation

The Japanese noun '水族館 (すいぞくかん)' refers to an 'aquarium', a facility where aquatic animals and plants are kept and displayed for public viewing. This word is commonly used to describe places that house marine life, such as fish, dolphins, and other sea creatures, often for educational or entertainment purposes. Example sentences: Let's go to the aquarium「水族館に行きましょう」(すいぞくかんにいきましょう). The aquarium has many colorful fish「その水族館にはたくさんの色とりどりの魚がいます」(そのすいぞくかんにはたくさんのいろとりどりのさかながいます).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3228

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Year end

Reading

Kanji

歳Year, Years old 末End

Explanation

The Japanese noun '歳末 (さいまつ)' refers to the end of the year, particularly the period leading up to the New Year. This term is often used in contexts related to year-end activities, such as cleaning, shopping, or preparing for celebrations. It carries a sense of closure and preparation for the upcoming year. Example sentences: The year-end sales are starting「歳末セールが始まります」(さいまつセールがはじまります). We are busy with year-end preparations「歳末の準備で忙しい」(さいまつのじゅんびでいそがしい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3229

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sunday

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun 曜Weekday

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日曜 (にちよう)' refers to 'Sunday', the first day of the week in the Japanese calendar. It is commonly used in everyday conversation and writing to denote the day of the week. For example: I will go to the park on Sunday「日曜に公園に行きます」(にちようにこうえんにいきます). Sunday is a holiday「日曜は休日です」(にちようはきゅうじつです). The word is often combined with other terms to specify events or activities occurring on Sunday, such as '日曜日 (にちようび)' which also means 'Sunday' but is slightly more formal.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3231

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pot

Reading

Kanji

鍋Pot

Explanation

The Japanese noun '鍋 (なべ)' refers to a 'pot', typically used for cooking. It can describe various types of pots, such as those used for boiling, stewing, or frying. In Japanese cuisine, '鍋' is also associated with hot pot dishes, where ingredients are cooked together in a communal pot. Example sentences: I bought a new pot「新しい鍋を買いました」(あたらしいなべをかいました). Let's make hot pot tonight「今夜は鍋を作りましょう」(こんやはなべをつくりましょう). The pot is on the stove「鍋がコンロの上にあります」(なべがコンロのうえにあります).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3235

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Consumer

Reading

Kanji

消Extinguish 費Expense 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '消費者 (しょうひしゃ)' means 'consumer'. This term refers to an individual or entity that purchases goods or services for personal use rather than for resale or commercial purposes. It is commonly used in economic, business, and marketing contexts. For example: Consumers are becoming more environmentally conscious「消費者は環境意識が高まっている」(しょうひしゃはかんきょういしきがたかまっている). The company focuses on consumer needs「その会社は消費者のニーズに焦点を当てている」(そのかいしゃはしょうひしゃのニーズにしょうてんをあてている). The word is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3236

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Patent

Reading

Kanji

特Special 許Permit, Allow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '特許 (とっきょ)' refers to a 'patent', which is an exclusive right granted for an invention. This term is commonly used in legal, business, and technological contexts. A patent allows the holder to prevent others from making, using, or selling the invention without permission. For example: He applied for a patent「彼は特許を申請した」(かれはとっきょをしんせいした). This technology is protected by a patent「この技術は特許で保護されている」(このぎじゅつはとっきょでほごされている). The word can also appear in compound terms like '特許権 (とっきょけん)' (patent rights) or '特許庁 (とっきょちょう)' (patent office).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3237

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Artificial

Reading

Kanji

人Person 工Construction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人工 (じんこう)' means 'artificial'. It refers to something that is made or produced by human beings rather than occurring naturally. This term is often used in contexts related to technology, science, and nature. For example: artificial intelligence「人工知能」(じんこうちのう). artificial lake「人工湖」(じんこうこ). It can also be used to describe something that is man-made or synthetic, such as artificial flowers「人工の花」(じんこうのはな). The term emphasizes the contrast between natural and human-created elements.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3238

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Army

Reading

Kanji

陸Land 軍Army

Explanation

The Japanese noun '陸軍 (りくぐん)' refers specifically to the 'army' or 'land forces' of a military. It is used to describe the branch of a nation's armed forces that conducts land-based military operations. This term is distinct from other branches like the navy (海軍, かいぐん) or air force (空軍, くうぐん). For example: The army is conducting exercises「陸軍が演習を行っている」(りくぐんがえんしゅうをおこなっている). He joined the army「彼は陸軍に入った」(かれはりくぐんにはいった). The term is often used in historical or formal contexts, particularly when discussing military organizations or strategies.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3239

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Britain

Reading

Kanji

英England, Distinguished 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun '英国 (えいこく)' refers to 'Britain' or 'the United Kingdom'. It is a formal term often used in written or official contexts. For example: I went to Britain last year「去年英国に行きました」(きょねんえいこくにいきました). Britain is famous for its history「英国は歴史で有名です」(えいこくはれきしでゆうめいです). The term is derived from the kanji 英 (えい), meaning 'England' or 'British', and 国 (こく), meaning 'country'. It is important to note that this term is more formal than 'イギリス', which is the more commonly used term in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3240

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sharing, Joint ownership

Reading

Kanji

共Together 有Exist

Explanation

The Japanese noun '共有 (きょうゆう)' refers to the act of sharing something or the state of joint ownership. It is commonly used in contexts where resources, information, or responsibilities are shared among multiple people or entities. For example: We share the same goals「私たちは同じ目標を共有しています」(わたしたちはおなじもくひょうをきょうゆうしています). This house is under joint ownership「この家は共有されています」(このいえはきょうゆうされています). The term can also be used in technology, such as 'file sharing' (ファイル共有, ファイルきょうゆう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3242

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

After all

Reading

Kanji

結Tie, Bind 局Bureau

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '結局 (けっきょく)' means 'after all' or 'in the end'. It is used to indicate the final outcome or conclusion of a situation, often after considering various possibilities or events. This word is commonly used to summarize or reflect on the result of a process or series of actions. For example: After all, we decided not to go「結局、行かないことにした」(けっきょく、いかないことにした). In the end, it was a waste of time「結局、時間の無駄だった」(けっきょく、じかんのむだだった). It can also imply a sense of inevitability or resignation about the outcome.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3244

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Newlywed

Reading

Kanji

新New 婚Marriage

Explanation

The Japanese noun '新婚 (しんこん)' refers to the state of being newly married, specifically describing a couple who have recently entered into marriage. It is often used to describe the period shortly after marriage, typically characterized by happiness and adjustment to married life. For example: They are newlyweds「彼らは新婚です」(かれらはしんこんです). The newlywed couple went on a honeymoon「新婚夫婦はハネムーンに行きました」(しんこんふうふはハネムーンにいきました). This term is commonly used in contexts related to marriage, relationships, and celebrations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3245

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Engagement

Reading

Kanji

婚Marriage 約Promise, Approximately

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '婚約 (こんやく)' refers to the state of being engaged to be married. It is used to describe the formal agreement or promise to marry someone. This term is often used in formal contexts, such as announcing an engagement or discussing marriage plans. For example: They announced their engagement「彼らは婚約を発表した」(かれらはこんやくをはっぴょうした). She broke off her engagement「彼女は婚約を解消した」(かのじょはこんやくをかいしょうした). The word can also be used in compound terms like '婚約指輪 (こんやくゆびわ)' (engagement ring).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3246

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sugar

Reading

Kanji

砂Sand 糖Sugar

Explanation

The Japanese noun '砂糖 (さとう)' means 'sugar'. It refers to the sweet crystalline substance used to flavor food and drinks. This word is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as cooking or discussing food. For example: I put sugar in my coffee「コーヒーに砂糖を入れました」(コーヒーにさとうをいれました). This cake has a lot of sugar「このケーキは砂糖が多い」(このケーキはさとうがおおい). The word '砂糖' is neutral in tone and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3247

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Morality

Reading

Kanji

道Way 徳Virtue

Explanation

The Japanese noun '道徳 (どうとく)' refers to 'morality' or 'ethical principles'. It is used to describe the system of values and principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong behavior. This term is often used in discussions about societal norms, personal ethics, and philosophical teachings. For example: Morality is important in society「道徳は社会で重要です」(どうとくはしゃかいでじゅうようです). Teaching morality to children is essential「子供に道徳を教えることは大切です」(こどもにどうとくをおしえることはたいせつです). The word is commonly used in educational and philosophical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3248

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mathematics

Reading

Kanji

数Number 学Learn

Explanation

The Japanese noun '数学 (すうがく)' means 'mathematics'. It refers to the academic discipline that involves the study of numbers, quantities, shapes, and patterns. This word is commonly used in educational contexts, such as in schools or universities, to refer to the subject of math. For example: I like mathematics「私は数学が好きです」(わたしはすうがくがすきです). Mathematics is difficult「数学は難しい」(すうがくはむずかしい). The word can also be used in broader contexts to discuss mathematical concepts or problems.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3249

Composition

kanji

Handwriting