Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Composition

word

Meaning

Climate

Reading

Kanji

気Spirit 候Climate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '気候 (きこう)' refers to the 'climate' of a region, encompassing long-term weather patterns, temperature, humidity, and other atmospheric conditions. It is commonly used in discussions about geography, environmental science, or everyday conversations about the weather. For example: The climate of Japan is temperate「日本の気候は温和です」(にほんのきこうはおんわです). The climate in this region is harsh「この地域の気候は厳しいです」(このちいきのきこうはきびしいです). Note that '気候' is distinct from '天気 (てんき)', which refers to short-term weather conditions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6922

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suffering

Reading

Kanji

苦Suffer

Explanation

The Japanese noun '苦 (く)' refers to 'suffering' or 'hardship'. It is often used in contexts related to physical or emotional pain, difficulties, or challenges. This word is commonly found in Buddhist teachings, where it is one of the fundamental concepts, but it is also used in everyday language to describe personal struggles. For example: life is full of suffering「人生は苦に満ちている」(じんせいはくにみちている). He endured great hardship「彼は大きな苦を耐えた」(かれはおおきなくをたえた). The word can also appear in compounds, such as '苦痛 (くつう)' (pain) or '苦労 (くろう)' (hardship).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6923

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Desert

Reading

Kanji

砂Sand 漠Vague, Desert

Explanation

The Japanese noun '砂漠 (さばく)' means 'desert'. It refers to a barren area of land where little precipitation occurs, making it difficult for plants and animals to survive. This word is used to describe both natural deserts and metaphorical situations that feel barren or lifeless. For example: The Sahara is a vast desert「サハラは広大な砂漠です」(サハラはこうだいなさばくです). His heart felt like a desert「彼の心は砂漠のようだった」(かれのこころはさばくのようだった). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '砂漠地帯 (さばくちたい)' meaning 'desert region'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6924

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Listing

Reading

Kanji

上Up 場Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '上場 (じょうじょう)' refers to the act of listing a company's shares on a stock exchange, making them available for public trading. This term is commonly used in financial and business contexts. For example: The company is planning a stock exchange listing「その会社は上場を計画しています」(そのかいしゃはじょうじょうをけいかくしています). The stock was listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange「その株は東京証券取引所に上場されました」(そのかぶはとうきょうしょうけんとりひきじょにじょうじょうされました). It's important to note that '上場' specifically refers to the process or state of being listed on a stock exchange, and is not used in other contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6925

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Headache

Reading

Kanji

頭Head 痛Pain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '頭痛 (ずつう)' means 'headache'. It refers to a pain in the head, often caused by stress, illness, or other factors. This word is commonly used in both medical and everyday contexts. For example: I have a headache「頭痛がする」(ずつうがする). She often gets headaches「彼女はよく頭痛がする」(かのじょはよくずつうがする). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a troublesome or annoying situation, such as 'this problem is a headache'「この問題は頭痛の種だ」(このもんだいはずつうのたねだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6926

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sculpture

Reading

Kanji

彫Carve 刻Engrave

Explanation

The Japanese noun '彫刻 (ちょうこく)' refers to 'sculpture'. It is used to describe the art of creating three-dimensional forms by carving, modeling, or assembling materials. This term can refer to both the process of creating sculptures and the finished artwork itself. For example: This museum has many sculptures「この博物館には彫刻がたくさんある」(このはくぶつかんにはちょうこくがたくさんある). He is famous for his sculptures「彼は彫刻で有名だ」(かれはちょうこくでゆうめいだ). The word is often used in contexts related to art, museums, and craftsmanship.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6927

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flow, Fluidity

Reading

Kanji

流Flow 動Move

Explanation

The Japanese noun '流動 (りゅうどう)' primarily refers to the concept of 'flow' or 'fluidity'. It is often used in contexts describing the movement of liquids, gases, or even abstract concepts like information or populations. For example: the flow of water「水の流動」(みずのりゅうどう). The fluidity of the situation「状況の流動」(じょうきょうのりゅうどう). This term can also be used metaphorically to describe changes or shifts in circumstances, such as in social or economic contexts. For instance: the fluidity of the job market「就職市場の流動」(しゅうしょくしじょうのりゅうどう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6929

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pure

Reading

Kanji

純Pure

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '純 (じゅん)' means 'pure' and is often used to describe something that is genuine, unadulterated, or untainted. It can be attached to nouns to convey a sense of purity or authenticity. For example: pure love「純愛」(じゅんあい). pure gold「純金」(じゅんきん). This prefix is commonly used in contexts related to emotions, materials, or concepts to emphasize their untainted or genuine nature. It is important to note that '純' is often used in compound words and carries a positive connotation.

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6930

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reflection

Reading

Kanji

反Anti 省Ministry, Conserve

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '反省 (はんせい)' means 'reflection' or 'self-examination'. It refers to the act of looking back on one's actions, thoughts, or behavior to evaluate and learn from them. This term is often used in contexts where someone is considering their mistakes or shortcomings in order to improve. For example: I need to reflect on my actions「私は自分の行動を反省する必要がある」(わたしはじぶんのこうどうをはんせいするひつようがある). After the meeting, he reflected deeply「会議の後、彼は深く反省した」(かいぎのあと、かれはふかくはんせいした). It is commonly used in educational, professional, and personal growth settings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6934

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Abbreviation

Reading

Kanji

略Abbreviation, Strategy

Explanation

The Japanese noun '略 (りゃく)' refers to an abbreviation or a shortened form of something. It is commonly used in contexts where something is being summarized or condensed, such as in the names of organizations, titles, or technical terms. For example: This is an abbreviation of the company name「これは会社名の略です」(これはかいしゃめいのりゃくです). The abbreviation for 'United Nations' is 'UN'「国際連合の略はUNです」(こくさいれんごうのりゃくはUNです). It can also imply simplification or omission of details, as in: He explained it in a simplified way「彼はそれを略して説明した」(かれはそれをりゃくしてせつめいした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6937

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mostly

Reading

Kanji

大Big 概In general, Approximation

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '大概 (たいがい)' means 'mostly' or 'generally'. It is used to indicate that something is true in most cases or applies to the majority of a situation. This word often conveys a sense of approximation or generalization. For example: He is mostly right「彼の言うことは大概正しい」(かれのいうことはたいがいただしい). Most people go home after work「大概の人は仕事の後家に帰る」(たいがいのひとはしごとのあといえにかえる). Note that '大概' can also imply a sense of 'probably' or 'likely' in some contexts, but its primary meaning remains 'mostly'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6938

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Route, Directions

Reading

Kanji

道Way 順Order, Obey

Explanation

The Japanese noun '道順 (みちじゅん)' refers to the route or path to a destination, or the directions to get there. It is commonly used when asking for or giving instructions on how to reach a specific place. For example: Can you tell me the route to the station?「駅への道順を教えてくれますか？」(えきへのみちじゅんをおしえてくれますか？). I followed the directions and arrived safely「道順に従って、無事に着きました」(みちじゅんにしたがって、ぶじにつきました). This word emphasizes the sequence or order of steps to reach a destination, making it useful in navigation or travel contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6939

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Proportion

Reading

Kanji

比Compare, Ratio 例Example

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '比例 (ひれい)' means 'proportion'. It refers to a relationship between two quantities where they increase or decrease at the same rate. This term is often used in mathematical, scientific, or economic contexts to describe a proportional relationship. For example: The price is in proportion to the quality「値段は品質に比例する」(ねだんはひんしつにひれいする). The speed increases in proportion to the force applied「速度は加えられた力に比例して増加する」(そくどはくわえられたちからにひれいしてぞうかする). Note that '比例' can also function as a verb when combined with 'する', as in '比例する (ひれいする)', meaning 'to be proportional'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6941

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Example

Reading

Kanji

用Use 例Example

Explanation

The Japanese noun '用例 (ようれい)' means 'example' or 'usage example'. It is commonly used in contexts such as language learning, dictionaries, or technical documentation to illustrate how a word or phrase is used in practice. For example: This dictionary provides many usage examples「この辞書は多くの用例を提供する」(このじしょはおおくのようれいをていきょうする). The teacher explained the grammar with clear examples「先生は明確な用例で文法を説明した」(せんせいはめいかくなようれいでぶんぽうをせつめいした). The term is often associated with practical demonstrations of language or concepts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6942

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Second, Unique

Reading

Kanji

乙Second, Latter

Explanation

The Japanese noun '乙 (おつ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'second', as in the second of ten heavenly stems used in the traditional Japanese calendar system. For example: today is the second day of the cycle「今日は乙の日です」(きょうはおつのひです). The second meaning is 'unique' or 'unconventional', often used to describe something quirky or distinctive. For example: that artist has a unique style「あのアーティストは乙なスタイルだ」(あのアーティストはおつなスタイルだ). This second usage is more colloquial and can sometimes carry a slightly humorous or ironic tone.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6943

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Summary

Reading

Kanji

概In general, Approximation 要Important, Need

Explanation

The Japanese noun '概要 (がいよう)' means 'summary' or 'overview'. It refers to a concise explanation or description of the main points of something, such as a document, event, or concept. This word is commonly used in formal or professional contexts, such as business meetings, academic papers, or project reports. For example: Please provide a summary of the report「レポートの概要を教えてください」(レポートのがいようをおしえてください). The overview of the project is clear「プロジェクトの概要は明確です」(プロジェクトのがいようはめいかくです). Note that '概要' emphasizes brevity and clarity, capturing the essence of the subject matter.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6944

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Advanced

Reading

Kanji

上Up 級Grade, Rank

Explanation

The Japanese noun '上級 (じょうきゅう)' refers to an 'advanced' level or rank. It is commonly used in educational or skill-based contexts to describe a higher level of proficiency, such as in language learning, martial arts, or professional training. For example: I am studying at the advanced level「私は上級を勉強しています」(わたしはじょうきゅうをべんきょうしています). This course is for advanced students「このコースは上級者向けです」(このコースはじょうきゅうしゃむけです). The term can also be used to describe higher ranks in organizations or hierarchies.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6946

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Water surface

Reading

Kanji

水Water 面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '水面 (すいめん)' refers to the surface of water, such as that of a lake, river, or ocean. It is often used in contexts related to nature, scenery, or reflections. For example: The moonlight reflected on the water's surface「月の光が水面に反射した」(つきのひかりがすいめんにはんしゃした). The calm surface of the lake「湖の静かな水面」(みずうみのしずかなすいめん). This word is commonly used in poetic or descriptive writing to evoke imagery of water.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6947

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Savings

Reading

Kanji

貯Savings 蓄Amass, Store up

Explanation

The Japanese noun '貯蓄 (ちょちく)' refers to the act of saving money or resources, or the accumulated savings themselves. It is commonly used in financial contexts to describe the practice of setting aside money for future use. For example: I have been saving money for a house「家のために貯蓄をしています」(いえのためにちょちくをしています). It is important to save for emergencies「緊急時のために貯蓄することが重要です」(きんきゅうじのためにちょちくすることがじゅうようです). The term can also be used more broadly to refer to the accumulation of resources, not just money.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6948

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Start, Launch

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 足Foot, Sufficient

Explanation

The Japanese noun '発足 (ほっそく)' refers to the beginning or commencement of an organization, project, or movement. It is often used in formal contexts to describe the establishment or initiation of something new. For example: The new committee started its activities「新しい委員会が発足した」(あたらしいいいんかいがほっそくした). The project was launched last month「そのプロジェクトは先月発足した」(そのプロジェクトはせんげつほっそくした). Note that '発足' is typically used for formal or organized initiatives rather than casual beginnings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6951

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cotton

Reading

Kanji

綿Cotton

Explanation

The Japanese noun '綿 (めん)' refers to 'cotton', the soft, fluffy fiber that grows around the seeds of cotton plants. It is commonly used in textiles, clothing, and other materials. This word can also refer to cotton as a material or product, such as cotton balls or cotton fabric. Example sentences: This shirt is made of cotton「このシャツは綿でできています」(このシャツはめんでできています). I bought cotton for crafting「クラフト用に綿を買いました」(クラフトようにめんをかいました). Note that '綿' can also appear in compound words, such as '綿花 (めんか)' (cotton flower) or '綿布 (めんぷ)' (cotton cloth).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6952

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oppression

Reading

Kanji

抑Restrain, Suppress 圧Pressure

Explanation

The Japanese noun '抑圧 (よくあつ)' means 'oppression'. It refers to the act of using authority or power to control or suppress others, often in a cruel or unjust manner. This term is commonly used in social, political, or psychological contexts to describe situations where individuals or groups are subjected to unfair treatment or restrictions. For example: The government's oppression of its citizens「政府の抑圧」(せいふのよくあつ). She felt the oppression of societal expectations「彼女は社会の抑圧を感じた」(かのじょはしゃかいのよくあつをかんじた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe internal feelings of being overwhelmed or constrained.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6953

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Example

Reading

Kanji

例Example 題Topic

Explanation

The Japanese noun '例題 (れいだい)' means 'example' or 'example problem'. It is commonly used in educational contexts to refer to sample questions or problems that are provided to help students understand how to solve similar problems. For instance: Let's solve the example problem「例題を解きましょう」(れいだいをときましょう). This example is very useful「この例題はとても役に立ちます」(このれいだいはとてもやくにたちます). The term is often used in textbooks, classrooms, and study materials to illustrate concepts or methods.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6957

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Usual year

Reading

Kanji

例Example 年Year

Explanation

The Japanese noun '例年 (れいねん)' refers to a 'usual year' or 'normal year', indicating a typical or average year in terms of events, conditions, or patterns. It is often used to compare the current year with previous years, especially in contexts like weather, business performance, or seasonal events. For example: This year's sales are higher than usual「今年の売り上げは例年より高い」(ことしのうりあげはれいねんよりたかい). The cherry blossoms bloomed earlier than usual this year「今年の桜は例年より早く咲いた」(ことしのさくらはれいねんよりはやくさいた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6958

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Extra

Reading

Kanji

余Excess 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '余分 (よぶん)' means 'extra' or 'surplus'. It is used to describe something that is in addition to what is necessary or expected. This word can be used in various contexts, such as referring to extra time, extra money, or extra ingredients. For example: I have extra time「余分な時間がある」(よぶんなじかんがある). Please take the extra money「余分なお金を持って行ってください」(よぶんなおかねをもっていってください). It's important to note that '余分' often carries a neutral or slightly negative connotation, implying that the extra amount might be unnecessary or excessive.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6960

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Use

Reading

Kanji

用Use 途Way, Route

Explanation

The Japanese noun '用途 (ようと)' refers to the purpose or intended use of something. It is commonly used to describe the function or application of an object, tool, or resource. For example: This machine has various uses「この機械は用途が広い」(このきかいはようとがひろい). The use of this material is limited「この材料の用途は限られている」(このざいりょうのようとはかぎられている). The word often appears in technical or practical contexts, emphasizing the specific function or role of an item.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6961

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fire

Reading

Kanji

火Fire 災Calamity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '火災 (かさい)' refers to a 'fire', specifically a destructive fire such as a building fire or wildfire. It is used in contexts where a fire causes damage or is an emergency situation. For example: The fire was extinguished quickly「火災はすぐに消し止められた」(かさいはすぐにけしとめられた). There was a fire in the building「ビルで火災があった」(ビルでかさいがあった). This term is commonly used in news reports, safety instructions, and emergency situations to describe fires that require intervention.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6968

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Empress

Reading

Kanji

皇Emperor 后Empress

Explanation

The Japanese noun '皇后 (こうごう)' refers to the 'empress', specifically the wife of the reigning emperor. This term is used in the context of the Japanese imperial family and carries a formal and respectful tone. For example: The empress attended the ceremony「皇后は式典に出席しました」(こうごうはしきてんにしゅっせきしました). The empress is known for her charity work「皇后は慈善活動で知られています」(こうごうはじぜんかつどうでしられています). This term is distinct from other titles like '皇太子妃 (こうたいしひ)' (crown princess) or '女帝 (じょてい)' (female emperor), as it specifically denotes the consort of the emperor.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6969

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dictionary

Reading

Kanji

辞Word, Resign 典Code, Rule

Explanation

The Japanese noun '辞典 (じてん)' refers to a 'dictionary', a reference book containing words and their meanings, often arranged alphabetically. It is commonly used for language learning or looking up definitions. For example: I bought a new dictionary「新しい辞典を買いました」(あたらしいじてんをかいました). This dictionary is very useful「この辞典はとても便利です」(このじてんはとてもべんりです). The word can also refer to specialized dictionaries, such as a kanji dictionary『漢字辞典』(かんじじてん).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6970

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Officer

Reading

Kanji

将Leader, Commander 校School

Explanation

The Japanese noun '将校 (しょうこう)' refers to a military officer, typically in the context of the army or navy. It is used to describe someone who holds a commissioned rank in the armed forces. For example: He is a high-ranking officer「彼は高位の将校です」(かれはこういのしょうこうです). The officer gave the command「将校が命令を出した」(しょうこうがめいれいをだした). This term is specific to military contexts and does not apply to civilian or police officers.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6976

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Property

Reading

Kanji

物Thing 件Matter, Affair

Explanation

The Japanese noun '物件 (ぶっけん)' refers to 'property' in the sense of real estate or a piece of real estate. It is commonly used when talking about buying, selling, or renting houses, apartments, or land. For example: I found a good property「良い物件を見つけた」(いいぶっけんをみつけた). This property is for sale「この物件は売り出し中です」(このぶっけんはうりだしちゅうです). The term is often used in real estate contexts and can refer to both residential and commercial properties.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6978

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wall, Fence

Reading

Kanji

塀Wall, Fence

Explanation

The Japanese noun '塀 (へい)' refers to a fence or wall, typically used to enclose or divide spaces. It is commonly seen around properties, gardens, or buildings. The word can describe both low fences and tall walls, depending on the context. For example: The house is surrounded by a high wall「その家は高い塀に囲まれている」(そのいえはたかいへいにかこまれている). There is a wooden fence around the garden「庭の周りに木の塀がある」(にわのまわりにきのへいがある). Note that '塀' often implies a man-made structure, distinguishing it from natural barriers.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6979

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chaotic, Absurd

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 茶Tea 苦Suffer

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '目茶苦茶 (めちゃくちゃ)' is used to describe something that is extremely chaotic, disordered, or absurd. It can refer to physical states, situations, or even abstract concepts. For example: The room was in complete chaos「部屋は目茶苦茶だった」(へやはめちゃくちゃだった). His explanation was completely absurd「彼の説明は目茶苦茶だった」(かれのせつめいはめちゃくちゃだった). This word is often used in casual conversation and carries a strong emphasis on the extreme nature of the disorder or absurdity.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6981

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Worker

Reading

Kanji

労Labor 働Work 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '労働者 (ろうどうしゃ)' refers to a 'worker' or 'laborer'. It is a general term used to describe someone who performs physical or mental work, often in exchange for wages. This word is commonly used in contexts related to employment, labor rights, and workplace discussions. For example: The workers are on strike「労働者がストライキをしている」(ろうどうしゃがストライキをしている). Many workers commute by train「多くの労働者が電車で通勤する」(おおくのろうどうしゃがでんしゃでつうきんする). The term can apply to various types of workers, including factory workers, office workers, or manual laborers, and is neutral in tone.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6983

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Work

Reading

Kanji

労Labor 働Work

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '労働 (ろうどう)' refers to 'work' or 'labor', specifically in the context of physical or mental effort exerted to achieve a purpose, often in a professional or industrial setting. It is commonly used in discussions about employment, labor rights, or economic activities. For example: He works hard every day「彼は毎日労働する」(かれはまいにちろうどうする). Labor conditions are improving「労働条件が改善されている」(ろうどうじょうけんがいぜんされている). The word can also appear in compounds like '労働者 (ろうどうしゃ)' (worker) or '労働時間 (ろうどうじかん)' (working hours).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6984

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fatigue

Reading

Kanji

疲Tire, Exhausted 労Labor

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '疲労 (ひろう)' means 'fatigue'. It refers to a state of physical or mental exhaustion, often resulting from prolonged stress, overwork, or lack of rest. This term is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to describe tiredness or weariness. For example: I feel fatigue after working all day「一日中働いて疲労を感じる」(いちにちじゅうはたらいてひろうをかんじる). Prolonged fatigue can affect your health「長期間の疲労は健康に影響する」(ちょうきかんのひろうはけんこうにえいきょうする). The word can also be used in medical or technical contexts to describe material fatigue, such as in '金属疲労 (きんぞくひろう) (metal fatigue)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6985

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Labor, Effort

Reading

Kanji

労Labor 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese noun '労力 (ろうりょく)' refers to the physical or mental effort expended to accomplish a task. It can also denote the labor or manpower required for a specific job or project. This word is often used in contexts involving work, construction, or any activity that requires significant exertion. For example: This project requires a lot of effort「このプロジェクトは多くの労力を必要とする」(このプロジェクトはおおくのろうりょくをひつようとする). We saved labor by using machines「機械を使って労力を節約した」(きかいをつかってろうりょくをせつやくした). The word emphasizes the amount of work or energy invested in achieving something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6986

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Poor

Reading

Kanji

貧Poor 乏Scanty, Scarce 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '貧乏人 (びんぼうにん)' refers to a 'poor person' or someone who lacks financial resources. It is often used to describe someone living in poverty or with limited means. The term can carry a neutral or slightly negative connotation depending on the context. For example: He is a poor person「彼は貧乏人だ」(かれはびんぼうにんだ). Many poor people live in this area「この地域には貧乏人が多い」(このちいきにはびんぼうにんがおおい). The word is composed of '貧乏 (びんぼう)', meaning 'poverty', and '人 (にん)', meaning 'person'. It is important to use this term carefully, as it can be sensitive or offensive in certain contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6988

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Landlord

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 主Master

Explanation

The Japanese noun '地主 (じぬし)' refers to a 'landlord', specifically someone who owns land or property and rents it out to others. This term is often used in the context of real estate or agriculture, where the landlord may lease land to farmers or tenants. For example: The landlord owns many fields「地主は多くの畑を持っている」(じぬしはおおくのはたけをもっている). The tenant pays rent to the landlord「借り手は地主に家賃を払う」(かりてはじぬしにやちんをはらう). This term can also carry historical or cultural connotations, as land ownership has been a significant aspect of Japanese society.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6989

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Maid

Reading

Kanji

女Woman 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese noun '女中 (じょちゅう)' refers to a female domestic worker or maid, typically employed in households to perform cleaning, cooking, and other household tasks. Historically, this term was commonly used in Japan, but it has become somewhat outdated and may carry a slightly old-fashioned or hierarchical connotation in modern usage. For example: The maid cleaned the room「女中が部屋を掃除した」(じょちゅうがへやをそうじした). She worked as a maid in a wealthy family「彼女は裕福な家で女中として働いていた」(かのじょはゆうふくないえでじょちゅうとしてはたらいていた). In contemporary contexts, terms like '家政婦 (かせいふ)' or 'ハウスキーパー' are more commonly used to refer to domestic workers.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6990

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Model

Reading

Kanji

模Imitation 範Model, Pattern

Explanation

The Japanese noun '模範 (もはん)' means 'model' or 'example'. It refers to a standard or pattern that serves as a guide for behavior, actions, or performance. This word is often used in contexts where someone or something is being held up as an ideal to emulate. For example: He is a model student「彼は模範的な学生です」(かれはもはんてきながくせいです). Follow the model example「模範に従ってください」(もはんにしたがってください). The term can also be used in professional or educational settings to describe exemplary conduct or work.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6998

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Low pressure

Reading

Kanji

低Low 気Spirit 圧Pressure

Explanation

The Japanese noun '低気圧 (ていきあつ)' refers to a 'low-pressure system' in meteorology. It is commonly used to describe weather conditions associated with such systems, which often bring cloudy skies, rain, and sometimes storms. In a more figurative sense, it can also describe a tense or oppressive atmosphere in social or emotional contexts. For example: The low-pressure system is approaching「低気圧が近づいている」(ていきあつがちかづいている). The meeting had a low-pressure atmosphere「会議は低気圧な雰囲気だった」(かいぎはていきあつなふんいきだった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6999

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shortening

Reading

Kanji

短Short 縮Shrink

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '短縮 (たんしゅく)' means 'shortening'. It refers to the act of making something shorter in length, duration, or size. This term is often used in contexts such as time management, physical objects, or processes. For example: The meeting time was shortened「会議の時間が短縮された」(かいぎのじかんがたんしゅくされた). They shortened the document「彼らは文書を短縮した」(かれらはぶんしょをたんしゅくした). It can also be used in technical or formal contexts, such as 'shortening a URL'「URLを短縮する」(ゆーあーるえるをたんしゅくする).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7001

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lover, Mistress

Reading

Kanji

愛Love 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '愛人 (あいじん)' refers to a person with whom one is romantically or sexually involved outside of marriage. It can mean 'lover' in a general sense, but it often carries the connotation of an extramarital affair, particularly when referring to a 'mistress'. The term is neutral in tone but can imply secrecy or taboo depending on the context. For example: he has a lover「彼には愛人がいる」(かれにはあいじんがいる). She is his mistress「彼女は彼の愛人だ」(かのじょはかれのあいじんだ). Note that this word is not typically used to describe a spouse or a partner in a committed, non-secretive relationship.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7003

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Press conference

Reading

Kanji

会Meet 見See

Explanation

The Japanese noun '会見 (かいけん)' refers to a 'press conference' or a formal meeting where information is shared with the media or the public. It is commonly used in contexts involving politicians, celebrities, or organizations addressing the public. For example: The prime minister held a press conference「首相が会見を行った」(しゅしょうがかいけんをおこなった). The company announced the new product at the press conference「会社は新製品を会見で発表した」(かいしゃはしんせいひんをかいけんではっぴょうした). The term emphasizes the formal and public nature of the event.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7005

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hometown

Reading

Kanji

郷Hometown

Explanation

The Japanese noun '郷 (ごう)' refers to one's hometown or the place where one was born and raised. It carries a nostalgic or sentimental connotation, often evoking feelings of longing or attachment to one's roots. For example: I miss my hometown「郷が懐かしい」(ごうがなつかしい). He returned to his hometown「彼は郷に帰った」(かれはごうにかえった). This word is commonly used in literary or poetic contexts to emphasize a deep connection to one's place of origin.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7006

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Conclusion, Signing

Reading

Kanji

締Tighten, Bind 結Tie, Bind

Explanation

The Japanese noun '締結 (ていけつ)' refers to the act of concluding or formalizing an agreement, contract, or treaty. It is often used in formal or legal contexts to describe the finalization of a binding arrangement. For example: The two countries concluded a peace treaty「両国は平和条約を締結した」(りょうこくはへいわじょうやくをていけつした). The company signed a new contract with the supplier「会社はサプライヤーと新しい契約を締結した」(かいしゃはサプライヤーとあたらしいけいやくをていけつした). Note that '締結' emphasizes the formal and binding nature of the agreement, distinguishing it from casual or informal arrangements.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7008

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Samurai

Reading

Kanji

武Military 家House

Explanation

The Japanese noun '武家 (ぶけ)' refers to the samurai class or warrior families in feudal Japan. It specifically denotes the social class of professional warriors who served the nobility and were bound by the code of bushido. The term is often used in historical contexts to describe the samurai's role, lifestyle, and influence in Japanese society. For example: The samurai were loyal to their lords「武家は主君に忠誠を誓った」(ぶけはしゅくんにちゅうせいをちかった). The culture of the warrior class was unique「武家の文化は独特だった」(ぶけのぶんかはどくとくだった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7009

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Absence

Reading

Kanji

不Not 在Be, Exist

Explanation

The Japanese noun '不在 (ふざい)' means 'absence'. It refers to the state of someone or something not being present in a particular place or situation. This word is often used in contexts where someone is not at home, work, or an event. For example: His absence was noticed「彼の不在が目立った」(かれのふざいがめだった). The absence of evidence is not evidence of absence「証拠の不在は不在の証拠ではない」(しょうこのふざいはふざいのしょうこではない). It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as the absence of emotion or thought.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7010

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suspicion

Reading

Kanji

容Contain, Looks 疑Doubt, Suspect

Explanation

The Japanese noun '容疑 (ようぎ)' refers to 'suspicion' or 'allegation' in the context of a crime or wrongdoing. It is commonly used in legal or investigative settings to describe the suspicion that someone has committed a crime. For example: He is under suspicion of theft「彼は窃盗の容疑をかけられている」(かれはせっとうのようぎをかけられている). The police are investigating the suspicion of fraud「警察は詐欺の容疑を調査している」(けいさつはさぎのようぎをちょうさしている). The word is often paired with verbs like 'かける' (to place) or '受ける' (to receive) to indicate the act of being suspected or suspecting someone.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7011

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Postscript

Reading

Kanji

追Follow 伸Stretch

Explanation

The Japanese noun '追伸 (ついしん)' means 'postscript'. It is commonly used in letters or emails to add additional information after the main body of the text. This word is often abbreviated as 'P.S.' in informal contexts, similar to English usage. For example: I forgot to mention, I will be late「追伸、遅れることを忘れていました」(ついしん、おくれることをわすれていました). Please send me the details「追伸、詳細を送ってください」(ついしん、しょうさいをおくってください). The term is typically placed at the end of a message to highlight an afterthought or additional note.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7020

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Double

Reading

Kanji

倍Double, Times

Explanation

The Japanese noun '倍 (ばい)' means 'double' or 'times'. It is used to indicate multiplication or an increase in quantity. For example: the price doubled「値段が倍になった」(ねだんがばいになった). This room is twice as big「この部屋は倍の広さだ」(このへやはばいのひろさだ). It can also be used in mathematical contexts, such as 'two times three is six'「2倍の3は6」(にばいのさんはろく). Note that '倍' is often used with numbers or quantities to express multiples.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7021

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Excess

Reading

Kanji

超Surpass, Transcend 過Exceed, Error

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '超過 (ちょうか)' means 'excess' or 'going beyond a limit'. It is commonly used to describe situations where something exceeds a set standard, limit, or capacity. For example: The train was overcrowded due to excess passengers「乗客の超過で電車が混雑した」(じょうきゃくのちょうかででんしゃがこんざつした). The project exceeded the budget「プロジェクトが予算を超過した」(ぷろじぇくとがよさんをちょうかした). This term is often used in formal or technical contexts, such as in business, transportation, or regulations.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7022

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fruit

Reading

Kanji

果Fruit 物Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '果物 (くだもの)' means 'fruit'. It refers to the edible, sweet, and fleshy product of a tree or other plant that contains seeds. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation when talking about fruits in general, such as in a grocery store or when discussing a healthy diet. For example: I bought some fruit at the market「市場で果物を買いました」(いちばでくだものをかいました). Fruits are rich in vitamins「果物はビタミンが豊富です」(くだものはビタミンがほうふです). It is important to note that '果物' typically refers to fresh fruits, as opposed to dried or processed fruits.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7024

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Business card

Reading

Kanji

名Name 刺Stab

Explanation

The Japanese noun '名刺 (めいし)' refers to a 'business card'. In Japan, exchanging business cards is a formal and important ritual, especially in professional settings. It is customary to present and receive business cards with both hands, and to take a moment to look at the card before putting it away. Example sentences: Please give me your business card「名刺をください」(めいしをください). I forgot my business card at home「名刺を家に忘れました」(めいしをいえにわすれました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7025

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Acting

Reading

Kanji

演Perform 技Skill

Explanation

The Japanese noun '演技 (えんぎ)' refers to the act of performing or portraying a role, typically in theater, film, or other performing arts. It can also be used more broadly to describe someone's behavior or actions that seem artificial or exaggerated, as if they are 'putting on an act.' For example: Her acting was amazing「彼女の演技は素晴らしかった」(かのじょのえんぎはすばらしかった). He is just pretending, it's all an act「彼はただの演技をしている」(かれはただのえんぎをしている). The word is commonly used in contexts related to drama, entertainment, or situations where someone's behavior is not genuine.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7034

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Business, Opening

Reading

Kanji

開Open 業Business

Explanation

The Japanese noun '開業 (かいぎょう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'opening', specifically referring to the act of opening a new business or establishment. The second meaning is 'business', referring to the operation or running of a business. This word is commonly used in contexts related to starting or managing a business. For example: The opening of the new store is next week「新しい店の開業は来週です」(あたらしいみせのかいぎょうはらいしゅうです). He is in the business of running a restaurant「彼はレストランの開業をしています」(かれはレストランのかいぎょうをしています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7036

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Status

Reading

Kanji

格Status

Explanation

The Japanese noun '格 (かく)' primarily refers to 'status' or 'rank'. It is often used to describe the position or standing of someone or something within a hierarchy or system. For example: his social status is high「彼の社会的な格は高い」(かれのしゃかいてきなかくはたかい). This word can also be used in contexts like grammar, where it refers to 'case' (e.g., nominative case, accusative case). For example: the nominative case in grammar「文法の主格」(ぶんぽうのしゅかく). However, the primary and most common usage is related to social or hierarchical status.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7037

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Messenger

Reading

Kanji

使Use 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '使者 (ししゃ)' means 'messenger'. This term is used to refer to someone who is sent to deliver a message or perform a task on behalf of another person or organization. It carries a formal or official connotation, often implying that the messenger is acting under authority. For example: The king sent a messenger「王は使者を送った」(おうはししゃをおくった). The messenger delivered the important news「使者は重要な知らせを届けた」(ししゃはじゅうようなしらせをとどけた). This word is typically used in contexts involving diplomacy, official communications, or significant announcements.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7038

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Innermost

Reading

Kanji

内Inside 心Heart

Explanation

The Japanese noun '内心 (ないしん)' refers to one's innermost thoughts, feelings, or true intentions that are not openly expressed. It is often used to describe what someone is truly thinking or feeling beneath their outward appearance or behavior. For example: He smiled, but his innermost feelings were different「彼は笑ったが、内心は違った」(かれはわらったが、ないしんはちがった). She was nervous, but her innermost thoughts were calm「彼女は緊張していたが、内心は落ち着いていた」(かのじょはきんちょうしていたが、ないしんはおちついていた). This word is commonly used in contexts where there is a contrast between outward appearance and inner reality.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7040

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Transmission

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 信Trust

Explanation

The Japanese noun '発信 (はっしん)' primarily means 'transmission' or 'sending out'. It is commonly used in contexts related to communication, broadcasting, or technology, where information, signals, or messages are sent out. For example: The radio station began transmission「ラジオ局が発信を始めた」(ラジオきょくがはっしんをはじめた). He sent out an important message「彼は重要なメッセージを発信した」(かれはじゅうようなメッセージをはっしんした). The word can also metaphorically refer to expressing or sharing ideas, such as in '発信力 (はっしんりょく)', which means the ability to communicate effectively.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7041

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lord

Reading

Kanji

領Territory 主Master

Explanation

The Japanese noun '領主 (りょうしゅ)' refers to a feudal lord or landowner, typically in the context of historical Japan. This term is used to describe someone who owns and governs a territory or domain, often with significant authority over the people living there. It is commonly associated with the feudal system of Japan, where lords controlled large areas of land and had vassals under their command. Example sentences: The lord ruled his territory wisely「領主は領地を賢く治めた」(りょうしゅはりょうちをかしこくおさめた). The lord's castle was very large「領主の城はとても大きかった」(りょうしゅのしろはとてもおおきかった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7042

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exhibition

Reading

Kanji

展Unfold, Expand

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '展 (てん)' is commonly used to denote an exhibition or display. It is often attached to nouns to indicate that the event or place is related to showcasing something, such as art, products, or collections. For example: art exhibition「美術展」(びじゅつてん). This suffix is frequently used in formal contexts and is a key part of many event names. Another example: photography exhibition「写真展」(しゃしんてん). The suffix '展' is versatile and can be used in various contexts, but it always retains its core meaning of an exhibition or display.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7043

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Name tag

Reading

Kanji

名Name 札Tag, Bill

Explanation

The Japanese noun '名札 (なふだ)' refers to a 'nametag', which is a small piece of paper, plastic, or other material that displays a person's name. Nametags are commonly used in workplaces, schools, events, or any situation where identification is necessary. For example: Please wear your nametag「名札を付けてください」(なふだをつけてください). I lost my nametag「名札をなくしました」(なふだをなくしました). The word is a combination of '名 (な)' meaning 'name' and '札 (ふだ)' meaning 'tag' or 'card'. It is a straightforward term with no significant nuances, but it is essential in formal or organized settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7047

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reflection, Reaction

Reading

Kanji

反Anti 射Shoot

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '反射 (はんしゃ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'reflection', which refers to the bouncing back of light, sound, or heat from a surface. For example: The light reflects off the mirror「光が鏡に反射する」(ひかりがかがみにはんしゃする). The second meaning is 'reaction', which refers to an automatic or involuntary response to a stimulus. For example: He reacted quickly to the sound「彼はその音に素早く反射した」(かれはそのおとにすばやくはんしゃした). It's important to note that the context in which '反射' is used will determine which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7048

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Schedule

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun 程Order, Extent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日程 (にってい)' refers to a 'schedule' or 'itinerary'. It is commonly used to describe a planned sequence of events or activities, often in a formal or organized context. For example: the schedule for the meeting is set「会議の日程が決まった」(かいぎのにっていがきまった). Please check the itinerary for the trip「旅行の日程を確認してください」(りょこうのにっていをかくにんしてください). This word is often used in professional or planning contexts, such as business meetings, events, or travel arrangements.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7049

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Extent

Reading

Kanji

程Order, Extent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '程 (ほど)' refers to the degree, extent, or limit of something. It is often used to express the idea of 'to the extent that' or 'as much as.' For example: I was surprised to the extent that I couldn't speak「驚いて言葉が出ないほどだった」(おどろいてことばがでないほどだった). The heat was unbearable to the extent that I couldn't sleep「暑くて眠れないほどだった」(あつくてねむれないほどだった). It can also be used to indicate an approximate amount or time, as in 'about 30 minutes'「30分ほど」(さんじゅっぷんほど). This word is versatile and can be used in various contexts to describe the extent or degree of a situation or condition.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7050

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Victory, Championship

Reading

Kanji

優Superior, Gentle 勝Victory

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '優勝 (ゆうしょう)' refers to winning a competition or tournament, often implying a championship or first-place finish. It is commonly used in sports, games, or contests. For example: Our team won the championship「私たちのチームが優勝した」(わたしたちのチームがゆうしょうした). He achieved victory in the tournament「彼はトーナメントで優勝した」(かれはトーナメントでゆうしょうした). The word carries a sense of achievement and is often associated with formal or competitive settings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7051

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Semiconductor

Reading

Kanji

半Half 導Lead, Guide 体Body

Explanation

The Japanese noun '半導体 (はんどうたい)' refers to a 'semiconductor', a material with electrical conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator. Semiconductors are fundamental components in modern electronics, used in devices like transistors, diodes, and integrated circuits. Example sentences: Semiconductors are essential for modern technology「半導体は現代技術に不可欠です」(はんどうたいはげんだいぎじゅつにふかけつです). This factory produces semiconductors「この工場は半導体を生産しています」(このこうじょうははんどうたいをせいさんしています). The term is often used in technical and industrial contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7053

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Director

Reading

Kanji

院Institution 長Long, Leader

Explanation

The Japanese noun '院長 (いんちょう)' refers to the director or head of an institution, particularly in contexts such as hospitals, clinics, or other medical facilities. It is a formal title used to denote the person in charge. For example: The director of the hospital is very kind「院長はとても親切です」(いんちょうはとてもしんせつです). I spoke with the clinic director「院長と話しました」(いんちょうとはなしました). This term is specific to institutional leadership and is not used in casual or general contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7054

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Comfortable

Reading

Kanji

快Pleasant 適Suitable

Explanation

The Japanese noun '快適 (かいてき)' means 'comfortable'. It is used to describe a state or condition that is pleasant, agreeable, and free from discomfort. This word can be applied to various contexts, such as describing a comfortable environment, a comfortable feeling, or a comfortable situation. For example: This chair is comfortable「この椅子は快適です」(このいすはかいてきです). I feel comfortable in this room「この部屋で快適に感じます」(このへやでかいてきにかんじます). The word '快適' often conveys a sense of ease and satisfaction, making it a common term in discussions about living conditions, travel, and personal well-being.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7055

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Advisor

Reading

Kanji

顧Look back, Review 問Question, Problem

Explanation

The Japanese noun '顧問 (こもん)' refers to an advisor or consultant, typically someone who provides expert advice or guidance in a professional or organizational setting. This term is often used in business, educational, or governmental contexts to describe someone who offers strategic or specialized advice. For example: He is a company advisor「彼は会社の顧問です」(かれはかいしゃのこもんです). The school hired a new advisor「学校は新しい顧問を雇いました」(がっこうはあたらしいこもんをやといました). The role of a '顧問' is usually formal and may involve long-term collaboration.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7056

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inside outside, Domestic foreign

Reading

Kanji

内Inside 外Outside

Explanation

The Japanese noun '内外 (ないがい)' can mean both 'inside and outside' and 'domestic and foreign'. When referring to 'inside and outside', it is often used to describe the physical or conceptual boundaries of something, such as a building or an organization. For example: The company is known both inside and outside the industry「その会社は業界の内外で知られている」(そのかいしゃはぎょうかいのないがいでしられている). When referring to 'domestic and foreign', it is used to describe something that pertains to both within a country and outside of it. For example: The policy affects both domestic and foreign markets「その政策は内外の市場に影響を与える」(そのせいさくはないがいのしじょうにえいきょうをあたえる). The context in which '内外' is used will determine which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7058

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grammar

Reading

Kanji

文Sentence 法Law, Method

Explanation

The Japanese noun '文法 (ぶんぽう)' means 'grammar'. It refers to the set of structural rules governing the composition of clauses, phrases, and words in any given natural language. In Japanese, it is used to discuss the rules and structure of the language itself. For example: I study Japanese grammar「私は日本語の文法を勉強します」(わたしはにほんごのぶんぽうをべんきょうします). This grammar rule is difficult「この文法規則は難しい」(このぶんぽうきそくはむずかしい). Understanding '文法' is crucial for mastering the Japanese language, as it helps in forming correct sentences and understanding the language's structure.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7059

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Moat, Canal

Reading

Kanji

堀Ditch, Moat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '堀 (ほり)' primarily refers to a 'moat', which is a deep, wide ditch surrounding a castle or town, typically filled with water. It can also refer to a 'canal', which is a man-made waterway used for transportation or irrigation. The word is often used in historical or geographical contexts. For example: The castle is surrounded by a moat「その城は堀に囲まれている」(そのしろはほりにかこまれている). They built a canal to improve irrigation「彼らは灌漑を改善するために堀を掘った」(かれらはかんがいをかいぜんするためにほりをほった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7060

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Main body

Reading

Kanji

本Book, Origin 体Body

Explanation

The Japanese noun '本体 (ほんたい)' refers to the 'main body' or 'main unit' of something. It is often used to describe the central or primary part of an object, system, or entity. For example, in the context of electronics, it refers to the main unit of a device, excluding accessories. In other contexts, it can refer to the main body of an organization or the core part of a structure. Example sentences: The main body of the camera is compact「カメラの本体はコンパクトです」(カメラのほんたいはコンパクトです). The main body of the organization is located in Tokyo「組織の本体は東京にあります」(そしきのほんたいはとうきょうにあります).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7061

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wireless

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 線Line

Explanation

The Japanese noun '無線 (むせん)' means 'wireless'. It refers to communication or technology that operates without the use of physical wires or cables. This term is commonly used in contexts such as wireless communication, wireless networks, or wireless devices. For example: wireless communication is convenient「無線通信は便利です」(むせんつうしんはべんりです). I use a wireless mouse「私は無線マウスを使います」(わたしはむせんマウスをつかいます). The word can also appear in compound terms like '無線LAN (むせんラン)' (wireless LAN) or '無線機 (むせんき)' (wireless device).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7062

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Request

Reading

Kanji

要Important, Need 望Hope, Ambition

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '要望 (ようぼう)' means 'request' or 'demand'. It is used to express a formal or strong desire for something, often in a professional or official context. This term is commonly used in business, customer service, or when making appeals to authorities. For example: we received a request from the client「クライアントから要望がありました」(クライアントからようぼうがありました). The residents submitted a request to the city「住民が市に要望を提出しました」(じゅうみんがしにようぼうをていしゅつしました). Note that '要望' carries a nuance of being a formal or significant request, rather than a casual one.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7068

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Promising

Reading

Kanji

有Exist 望Hope, Ambition

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '有望 (ゆうぼう)' means 'promising'. It is used to describe something or someone that has a high potential for success or a bright future. This term is often used in contexts related to career prospects, business opportunities, or talent. For example: He is a promising young actor「彼は有望な若手俳優です」(かれはゆうぼうなわかてはいゆうです). This project seems promising「このプロジェクトは有望です」(このプロジェクトはゆうぼうです). The word can also be used to describe a promising future, as in '有望な未来 (ゆうぼうなみらい) (promising future)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7069

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Independence

Reading

Kanji

独Alone 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '独立 (どくりつ)' means 'independence'. It refers to the state or condition of being free from external control or influence, often used in contexts such as political independence, economic independence, or personal independence. For example: The country gained independence「その国は独立を勝ち取った」(そのくにはどくりつをかちとった). He lives in independence「彼は独立して生活している」(かれはどくりつしてせいかつしている). This term can also be used in business contexts to describe a company or entity operating independently, as in '独立した会社 (どくりつしたかいしゃ) (independent company)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7072

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unique

Reading

Kanji

独Alone 特Special

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '独特 (どくとく)' means 'unique'. It is used to describe something that has a distinctive or peculiar quality that sets it apart from others. This word often carries a positive connotation, emphasizing the special or one-of-a-kind nature of something. For example: This artist has a unique style「このアーティストは独特なスタイルを持っている」(このアーティストはどくとくなスタイルをもっている). The flavor of this dish is unique「この料理の味は独特だ」(このりょうりのあじはどくとくだ). The word can also be used to describe abstract concepts, such as ideas or atmospheres, that are not easily replicated.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7073

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Yellow

Reading

Kanji

黄Yellow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '黄 (き)' means 'yellow'. It refers to the color yellow and is often used in contexts related to colors, such as describing objects, nature, or art. For example: The leaves turn yellow in autumn「秋には葉が黄色になる」(あきにははがきいろになる). She wore a yellow dress「彼女は黄色のドレスを着ていた」(かのじょはきいろのドレスをきていた). While '黄' can sometimes be used in compound words or names, its primary meaning is the color yellow.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7076

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Donation

Reading

Kanji

寄Draw near 付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese noun '寄付 (きふ)' means 'donation'. It refers to the act of giving money, goods, or services to a person or organization in need, often for charitable purposes. This word is commonly used in contexts related to charity, fundraising, and community support. For example: I made a donation to the hospital「病院に寄付をしました」(びょういんにきふをしました). The school received a large donation「学校は大きな寄付を受け取りました」(がっこうはおおきなきふをうけとりました). It's important to note that '寄付' can also refer to the act of contributing to a cause or project, not just monetary donations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7077

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Color

Reading

Kanji

色Color 彩Coloring, Beautiful coloring

Explanation

The Japanese noun '色彩 (しきさい)' refers to 'color' or 'coloration'. It is used to describe the hues, shades, or overall color scheme of something, often in an artistic or aesthetic context. This word can be applied to physical objects, paintings, or even abstract concepts like emotions or atmospheres. For example: The painting has vivid colors「その絵は色彩が鮮やかだ」(そのえはしきさいがあざやかだ). The colors of autumn are beautiful「秋の色彩は美しい」(あきのしきさいはうつくしい). The word can also imply a sense of richness or depth in color, making it suitable for describing vibrant or nuanced scenes.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7078

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Slope

Reading

Kanji

斜Slanting, Diagonal 面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '斜面 (しゃめん)' means 'slope'. It refers to an inclined surface or a gradient, such as a hill, mountain, or any surface that is not flat. This word is commonly used in contexts related to geography, construction, or everyday situations involving inclined surfaces. For example: The slope is steep「斜面が急だ」(しゃめんがきゅうだ). We climbed the slope「私たちは斜面を登った」(わたしたちはしゃめんをのぼった). It can also be used metaphorically to describe a gradual change or progression in non-physical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7079

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Proliferation

Reading

Kanji

増Increase 殖Multiply

Explanation

The Japanese noun '増殖 (ぞうしょく)' refers to the process of rapid increase or multiplication, often used in biological contexts to describe cell growth or reproduction. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the spread or expansion of ideas, technologies, or other phenomena. For example: The proliferation of bacteria is concerning「細菌の増殖が心配だ」(さいきんのぞうしょくがしんぱいだ). The rapid proliferation of smartphones has changed society「スマートフォンの急速な増殖が社会を変えた」(スマートフォンのきゅうそくなぞうしょくがしゃかいをかえた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7080

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

King

Reading

Kanji

大Big 王King

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大王 (だいおう)' means 'king' or 'great king'. It is a term used to refer to a powerful monarch or ruler, often with a sense of grandeur or historical significance. This word is typically used in historical or literary contexts to describe legendary or influential kings. For example: The great king ruled the land「大王はその地を治めた」(だいおうはそのちをおさめた). The king of the ancient kingdom「古代王国の大王」(こだいおうこくのだいおう). The term carries a connotation of majesty and authority, and is less commonly used in modern everyday language.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7081

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Midway

Reading

Kanji

中Center 途Way, Route

Explanation

The Japanese noun '中途 (ちゅうと)' refers to the middle or halfway point of something, such as a process, journey, or period of time. It is often used to describe being in the middle of an action or state. For example: I quit the project midway「プロジェクトを中途でやめた」(ぷろじぇくとをちゅうとでやめた). He stopped midway through the speech「彼はスピーチの途中で止まった」(かれはすぴーちのとちゅうでとまった). The word can also imply incompleteness or interruption, as in '中途半端 (ちゅうとはんぱ)', which means 'half-finished' or 'half-hearted'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7082

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Monopoly

Reading

Kanji

独Alone 占Fortune telling

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '独占 (どくせん)' means 'monopoly'. It refers to the exclusive control or possession of something, often in a business or economic context. This term is commonly used to describe a situation where a single entity has complete control over a market, product, or service, preventing competition. For example: The company has a monopoly on the market「その会社は市場を独占している」(そのかいしゃはしじょうをどくせんしている). He monopolized the conversation「彼は会話を独占した」(かれはかいわをどくせんした). The word can also be used in a more general sense to describe exclusive possession or control over something, not necessarily in a business context.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7087

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strong, Durable

Reading

Kanji

丈Stout, Length 夫Man, Husband

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '丈夫 (じょうぶ)' primarily means 'strong' or 'durable'. It is used to describe objects, materials, or even people that are sturdy, robust, or resistant to damage. For example: This bag is durable「このカバンは丈夫です」(このかばんはじょうぶです). He is strong and healthy「彼は丈夫です」(かれはじょうぶです). The word can also imply reliability or resilience, such as in the phrase '丈夫な建物 (じょうぶなたてもの)' (a sturdy building). Note that while 'strong' and 'durable' are closely related, they are distinct enough to warrant separate meanings in this context.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7091

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Close

Reading

Kanji

密Secret, Dense 接Contact, Touch

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '密接 (みっせつ)' means 'close' in the sense of being closely connected or related. It is often used to describe relationships, connections, or ties between things, people, or concepts. For example: The two events are closely related「その二つの出来事は密接に関連している」(そのふたつのできごとはみっせつにかんれんしている). There is a close connection between health and diet「健康と食事は密接な関係がある」(けんこうとしょくじはみっせつなかんけいがある). This word emphasizes a strong, inseparable bond or link between entities.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7092

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Guardianship

Reading

Kanji

後After, Behind 見See

Explanation

The Japanese noun '後見 (こうけん)' refers to the concept of guardianship or legal protection, often in the context of someone who is unable to manage their own affairs, such as a minor or an incapacitated adult. This term is commonly used in legal and formal settings. For example: he was appointed as a guardian「彼は後見人に任命された」(かれはこうけんにんににんめいされた). The court granted guardianship「裁判所が後見を認めた」(さいばんしょがこうけんをみとめた). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe someone who provides guidance or support, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7094

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Legal affairs

Reading

Kanji

法Law, Method 務Duty, Task

Explanation

The Japanese noun '法務 (ほうむ)' refers to 'legal affairs' or matters related to the law. This term is often used in professional or formal contexts, such as within companies, government offices, or legal institutions. It encompasses activities like legal compliance, contract management, and other legal-related tasks. For example: He works in legal affairs「彼は法務に従事している」(かれはほうむにじゅうじしている). The company has a strong legal affairs department「その会社は強力な法務部を持っている」(そのかいしゃはきょうりょくなほうむぶをもっている). The term is commonly used in compound words like '法務部 (ほうむぶ)' (legal department) or '法務局 (ほうむきょく)' (legal affairs bureau).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7097

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Matchmaker

Reading

Kanji

仲Relationship 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '仲人 (なこうど)' refers to a 'matchmaker', someone who facilitates marriages or romantic relationships. This term is often used in traditional contexts, where a third party helps arrange marriages between families. For example: The matchmaker introduced them「仲人が彼らを紹介した」(なこうどがかれらをしょうかいした). The role of a matchmaker is important in Japanese culture「仲人の役割は日本文化で重要です」(なこうどのやくわりはにほんぶんかでじゅうようです). This word is typically used in formal or traditional settings and carries a sense of responsibility and trust.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7098

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

List

Reading

Kanji

一One 覧Look, Perusal

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一覧 (いちらん)' means 'list'. It refers to a comprehensive or organized display of items, often presented in a table or chart format. This word is commonly used in contexts such as schedules, directories, or summaries. For example: Please check the list「一覧を確認してください」(いちらんをかくにんしてください). The list of participants is attached「参加者一覧が添付されています」(さんかしゃいちらんがてんぷされています). Note that '一覧' often implies a visual or structured presentation of information, making it distinct from more general terms like 'リスト (list)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7100

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Founding

Reading

Kanji

創Create 業Business

Explanation

The Japanese noun '創業 (そうぎょう)' refers to the act of establishing or founding a business, organization, or institution. It is commonly used in contexts related to the creation or inception of a company. For example: The founding of this company was in 1995「この会社の創業は1995年です」(このかいしゃのそうぎょうは1995ねんです). He is the founder of the company「彼はその会社の創業者です」(かれはそのかいしゃのそうぎょうしゃです). The term is often used in formal or business contexts to describe the origin or establishment of an enterprise.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7103

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Center

Reading

Kanji

中Center 枢Pivot, Hinge

Explanation

The Japanese noun '中枢 (ちゅうすう)' refers to the central or core part of something, often implying a critical or pivotal role. It is commonly used in contexts such as organizations, systems, or physical structures to denote the main or controlling part. For example: the center of the nervous system「神経系の中枢」(しんけいけいのちゅうすう). The headquarters is the center of the company「本社は会社の中枢です」(ほんしゃはかいしゃのちゅうすうです). This word carries a nuance of importance and centrality, often suggesting a place or point from which control or influence is exerted.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7104

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Urine

Reading

Kanji

尿Urine, Pee

Explanation

The Japanese noun '尿 (にょう)' refers to 'urine', the liquid waste product excreted by the kidneys and expelled from the body. This term is commonly used in medical, scientific, and everyday contexts. For example: The doctor examined the urine sample「医師は尿のサンプルを調べた」(いしはにょうのサンプルをしらべた). There is blood in the urine「尿に血が混じっている」(にょうにちがまじっている). It is a neutral term and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7105

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Elbow

Reading

Kanji

肘Arm, Elbow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '肘 (ひじ)' refers to the 'elbow', the joint connecting the upper and lower parts of the arm. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and medical contexts. For example: my elbow hurts「私の肘が痛い」(わたしのひじがいたい). He leaned on his elbow「彼は肘をついた」(かれはひじをついた). The word can also appear in idiomatic expressions or proverbs, such as '肘を張る (ひじをはる)', which means to act stubbornly or assertively.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7106

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Combine

Reading

Kanji

合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '合 (ごう)' is used to indicate combining, joining, or matching. It often appears in compound words to convey the idea of things coming together or working in unison. For example: teamwork「チームワークの合」(チームワークのごう). This suffix is commonly used in contexts where collaboration or synchronization is emphasized, such as in sports, business, or social activities. Another example: a good match「良い合」(よいごう). It's important to note that this suffix is typically attached to nouns or other suffixes to form new compound words.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7108

Composition

kanji

Handwriting