Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Composition

word

Meaning

Assets

Reading

Kanji

資Capital, Resources 産Give birth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '資産 (しさん)' refers to 'assets' in the sense of valuable resources or property owned by an individual, company, or organization. It is commonly used in financial, business, and legal contexts to describe things like money, real estate, investments, or other valuables. For example: He has a lot of assets「彼は多くの資産を持っている」(かれはおおくのしさんをもっている). The company's assets increased「会社の資産が増えた」(かいしゃのしさんがふえた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe non-material assets, such as skills or knowledge, though this is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1198

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nerve

Reading

Kanji

神God 経Manage, Elapse

Explanation

The Japanese noun '神経 (しんけい)' primarily means 'nerve' in the biological sense, referring to the fibers that transmit impulses of sensation and motion between the brain or spinal cord and other parts of the body. It can also be used metaphorically to describe sensitivity or attention to detail in various contexts. For example: He has a lot of nerve「彼は神経が太い」(かれはしんけいがふとい). She is very sensitive to noise「彼女は音に神経が細い」(かのじょはおとにしんけいがほそい). In medical contexts, it is often used to discuss conditions or treatments related to the nervous system, such as '神経痛 (しんけいつう)' which means 'neuralgia'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1201

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bag

Reading

Kanji

袋Bag, Sack

Explanation

The Japanese noun '袋 (ふくろ)' means 'bag'. It refers to a flexible container made of paper, cloth, plastic, or other materials, used to carry or store items. This word is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as shopping or packaging. For example: Please put it in the bag「袋に入れてください」(ふくろにいれてください). This bag is heavy「この袋は重い」(このふくろはおもい). The word can also refer to pouches or sacks, depending on the context. It is a versatile term used in various situations involving containers.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1202

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flavor, Taste

Reading

Kanji

味Flavor

Explanation

The Japanese noun '味 (み)' primarily refers to the sense of taste or the flavor of something. It can describe the literal taste of food or drink, as well as the figurative 'flavor' or essence of an experience or situation. For example: This soup has a good taste「このスープは味がいい」(このスープはあじがいい). The flavor of this dish is unique「この料理の味は独特だ」(このりょうりのあじはどくとくだ). Additionally, '味' can be used metaphorically to describe the 'taste' of life or an experience, such as in the phrase '人生の味 (じんせいのあじ)' (the taste of life).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1208

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

After

Reading

Kanji

以By means of 降Descend, Fall

Explanation

The Japanese noun '以降 (いこう)' means 'after' or 'from a certain point onward'. It is used to indicate a time or event that marks the beginning of a period, and everything that follows it. This word is often used in formal or written contexts. For example: after 5 PM「5時以降」(ごじいこう). From tomorrow onward「明日以降」(あしたいこう). It can also be used to refer to events or situations that occur after a specific point in time, such as 'after the war'「戦争以降」(せんそういこう). Note that '以降' is typically used for time-related contexts and is more formal than other similar words like '後 (あと)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1209

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Character

Reading

Kanji

字Character

Explanation

The Japanese noun '字 (じ)' primarily means 'character', referring to a written symbol, such as a kanji, hiragana, or katakana character. It is commonly used in contexts related to writing, reading, or learning characters. For example: I can't read this character「この字が読めない」(このじがよめない). Please write your name in kanji characters「名前を漢字で書いてください」(なまえをかんじでかいてください). The word can also refer to handwriting or the style of writing, as in 'beautiful handwriting'「きれいな字」(きれいなじ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1212

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Employee

Reading

Kanji

社Company 員Member

Explanation

The Japanese noun '社員 (しゃいん)' refers to an 'employee' or 'staff member' of a company. It specifically denotes someone who is formally employed by a corporation or organization. This term is commonly used in business contexts to distinguish employees from other types of workers, such as part-time or contract workers. For example: He is a company employee「彼は会社の社員です」(かれはかいしゃのしゃいんです). Our company has many employees「私たちの会社には多くの社員がいます」(わたしたちのかいしゃにはおおくのしゃいんがいます). The term can also be used to describe someone's status within a company, such as '新入社員 (しんにゅうしゃいん)' meaning 'new employee'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1213

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Travel

Reading

Kanji

旅Travel 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '旅行 (りょこう)' means 'travel'. It refers to the act of going on a trip or journey, often for leisure, business, or exploration. This word is commonly used in contexts involving vacations, sightseeing, or visiting new places. For example: I enjoy traveling「旅行が好きです」(りょこうがすきです). We went on a trip to Kyoto「京都に旅行しました」(きょうとにりょこうしました). It can also be used in compound words like '海外旅行 (かいがいりょこう)' (overseas travel) or '家族旅行 (かぞくりょこう)' (family trip).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1215

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Embassy

Reading

Kanji

大Big 使Use 館Building

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大使館 (たいしかん)' refers to an 'embassy', which is the official residence or offices of an ambassador and their staff in a foreign country. It is a place where diplomatic activities are conducted, such as issuing visas, assisting citizens abroad, and fostering international relations. For example: The embassy is located in Tokyo「大使館は東京にあります」(たいしかんはとうきょうにあります). I went to the embassy to apply for a visa「ビザを申請するために大使館に行きました」(びざをしんせいするためにたいしかんにいきました). The term is commonly used in formal contexts and is essential for discussions about international diplomacy and travel.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1216

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Life

Reading

Kanji

生Life 命Command, Life

Explanation

The Japanese noun '生命 (せいめい)' refers to 'life' in the sense of living existence, vitality, or the essence of being alive. It is often used in contexts related to biology, philosophy, or spirituality. For example: Life is precious「生命は大切です」(せいめいはたいせつです). The origin of life is a mystery「生命の起源は謎です」(せいめいのきげんはなぞです). This word carries a profound and somewhat formal tone, distinguishing it from more casual terms like '命 (いのち)', which also means 'life' but is used in everyday contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1219

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cinema

Reading

Kanji

映Reflect 画Picture 館Building

Explanation

The Japanese noun '映画館 (えいがかん)' refers to a 'cinema' or 'movie theater', a place where films are shown to the public. This word is commonly used when discussing going out to watch movies. For example: Let's go to the cinema「映画館に行きましょう」(えいがかんにいきましょう). The cinema is crowded today「今日は映画館が混んでいます」(きょうはえいがかんがこんでいます). It's important to note that '映画館' specifically refers to the physical location where movies are screened, distinguishing it from other related terms like '映画 (えいが)', which simply means 'movie' or 'film'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1220

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suddenly

Reading

Kanji

突Stab, Dash 然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '突然 (とつぜん)' means 'suddenly'. It is used to describe an action or event that occurs without warning or unexpectedly. This word is often used in both spoken and written Japanese to emphasize the abruptness of an occurrence. For example: Suddenly, it started raining「突然、雨が降り始めた」(とつぜん、あめがふりはじめた). He suddenly appeared「彼は突然現れた」(かれはとつぜんあらわれた). The word can also be used to describe sudden changes in situations or emotions, such as '突然の変化 (とつぜんのへんか)' (sudden change).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1221

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Homework

Reading

Kanji

宿Lodging 題Topic

Explanation

The Japanese noun '宿題 (しゅくだい)' means 'homework'. It refers to tasks or assignments given to students to complete outside of class. This word is commonly used in educational contexts and is often associated with schoolwork. For example: I have a lot of homework「宿題がたくさんある」(しゅくだいがたくさんある). Did you finish your homework?「宿題は終わった？」(しゅくだいはおわった？). The word can also be used more broadly to refer to any pending task or responsibility, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1222

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Demand, Claim

Reading

Kanji

請Request 求Request, Seek

Explanation

The Japanese noun '請求 (せいきゅう)' can mean 'claim' or 'demand', often in a financial or legal context. It refers to the act of requesting payment, compensation, or fulfillment of an obligation. For example: The company sent a payment claim「会社が請求書を送った」(かいしゃがせいきゅうしょをおくった). He made a demand for compensation「彼は補償を請求した」(かれはほしょうをせいきゅうした). This word is commonly used in business settings, such as when issuing invoices or making formal requests.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1225

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Duke

Reading

Kanji

公Public

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '公 (こう)' refers to a title of nobility, specifically 'duke'. It is used in historical and formal contexts to denote a high-ranking nobleman. For example: The Duke of Wellington「ウェリントン公」(うぇりんとんこう). This suffix is often attached to names or titles to indicate the person's noble rank. It is important to note that '公' can also be part of compound words related to public or official matters, but in this context, it specifically refers to the noble title.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1226

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Scale

Reading

Kanji

規Standard, Regulation 模Imitation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '規模 (きぼ)' refers to the scale, size, or scope of something. It is often used to describe the magnitude or extent of an event, project, organization, or phenomenon. For example: the scale of the project is large「プロジェクトの規模は大きい」(ぷろじぇくとのきぼはおおきい). The earthquake was of a massive scale「地震の規模は巨大だった」(じしんのきぼはきょだいだった). This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to discuss the breadth or magnitude of something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1228

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Library

Reading

Kanji

図Map 書Write 室Room

Explanation

The Japanese noun '図書室 (としょしつ)' refers to a 'library', specifically a room or space where books and other reading materials are kept for reading or borrowing. It is commonly used in schools, universities, or public buildings. For example: I borrowed a book from the library「図書室から本を借りました」(としょしつからほんをかりました). The library is quiet「図書室は静かです」(としょしつはしずかです). This word is often associated with educational or institutional settings, and it emphasizes the function of the space as a repository for books and study materials.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1229

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

President, CEO

Reading

Kanji

社Company 長Long, Leader

Explanation

The Japanese noun '社長 (しゃちょう)' refers to the president or CEO of a company. It is a formal title used to address or refer to the highest-ranking executive in a business organization. This term is commonly used in professional settings and carries a sense of respect and authority. For example: The president of the company is very busy「社長はとても忙しい」(しゃちょうはとてもいそがしい). I met the CEO yesterday「昨日社長に会いました」(きのうしゃちょうにあいました). Note that '社長' is often used in combination with honorifics, such as '社長さん' or '社長様', to show additional respect.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1231

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Older sister

Reading

Kanji

姉Older sister

Explanation

The Japanese noun '姉 (あね)' means 'older sister'. It is used to refer to one's own elder sister or someone else's elder sister in a respectful manner. This term is commonly used in family contexts and carries a sense of respect and affection. For example: My older sister is kind「私の姉は優しい」(わたしのあねはやさしい). His older sister is a teacher「彼の姉は先生です」(かれのあねはせんせいです). It's important to note that '姉' is used specifically for an older sister, and there are different terms for younger sister (妹, いもうと).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1232

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kind

Reading

Kanji

親Parent 切Cut

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '親切 (しんせつ)' means 'kind' or 'kindness'. It is used to describe someone who is considerate, helpful, and thoughtful towards others. This word is often used to express gratitude or appreciation for someone's thoughtful actions. For example: She is very kind「彼女はとても親切です」(かのじょはとてもしんせつです). Thank you for your kindness「親切にありがとう」(しんせつにありがとう). It can also be used to describe actions or gestures, as in '親切な行為 (しんせつなこうい) (kind act)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1234

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unkind

Reading

Kanji

不Not 親Parent 切Cut

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不親切 (ふしんせつ)' means 'unkind' or 'not considerate'. It is used to describe someone or something that lacks kindness, thoughtfulness, or helpfulness. This term is often used in situations where someone fails to provide assistance or behaves in a way that is inconsiderate of others' feelings. For example: The staff was unkind「スタッフは不親切だった」(スタッフはふしんせつだった). His explanation was not helpful「彼の説明は不親切だった」(かれのせつめいはふしんせつだった). Note that '不親切' is often used in formal or serious contexts to express dissatisfaction with someone's behavior.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1235

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cell

Reading

Kanji

細Slender 胞Placenta, Membranous sac

Explanation

The Japanese noun '細胞 (さいぼう)' refers to a 'cell', the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms. This term is commonly used in biological and medical contexts. For example: cells divide「細胞が分裂する」(さいぼうがぶんれつする). The human body is made up of many cells「人体は多くの細胞でできている」(じんたいはおおくのさいぼうでできている). It can also be used metaphorically to describe the smallest unit of an organization or system, such as a 'cell' in a political or social group.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1236

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Factory

Reading

Kanji

工Construction 場Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '工場 (こうじょう)' means 'factory'. It refers to a place where goods are manufactured or processed, often involving machinery and industrial operations. This word is commonly used in contexts related to industry, production, and manufacturing. For example: The factory is large「その工場は大きい」(そのこうじょうはおおきい). I work at a car factory「私は自動車工場で働いています」(わたしはじどうしゃこうじょうではたらいています). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a place where something is produced or created in large quantities, such as 'a factory of ideas'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1237

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Midway, On the way

Reading

Kanji

途Way, Route 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese noun '途中 (とちゅう)' refers to a point or period during the course of something, such as a journey, process, or event. It can mean 'midway' or 'on the way' and is often used to indicate that something is incomplete or ongoing. For example: I fell asleep midway through the movie「映画の途中で寝てしまった」(えいがのとちゅうでねてしまった). We stopped for lunch on the way to the station「駅に行く途中で昼ご飯を食べた」(えきにいくとちゅうでひるごはんをたべた). This word is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts to describe being in the middle of an action or journey.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1238

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hurrah, Long live

Reading

Kanji

万Ten thousand 歳Year, Years old

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '万歳 (ばんざい)' is used to express joy, celebration, or triumph. It is often shouted to cheer or celebrate something, similar to 'hurrah' or 'hooray' in English. Additionally, it can be used to wish someone or something a long life, akin to 'long live'. For example: Hurrah! We won!「万歳！勝った！」(ばんざい！かった！). Long live the king!「王様万歳！」(おうさまばんざい！). The word is commonly used in celebratory contexts, such as festivals, victories, or significant achievements.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1239

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Twenty years old

Reading

Kanji

二Two 十Ten 歳Year, Years old

Explanation

The Japanese noun '二十歳 (はたち)' specifically refers to the age of 20 years old. In Japan, turning 20 is a significant milestone as it marks the age of adulthood, celebrated during the Coming of Age Day (成人の日, せいじんのひ). This term is often used in contexts related to legal adulthood, responsibilities, and celebrations. For example: She turned 20 this year「彼女は今年二十歳になった」(かのじょはことしはたちになった). In Japan, you become an adult at 20「日本では二十歳で成人になる」(にほんでははたちでせいじんになる).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1241

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stomach, Abdomen

Reading

Kanji

腹Abdomen

Explanation

The Japanese noun '腹 (はら)' primarily refers to the 'stomach' or 'abdomen', the part of the body containing the digestive organs. It can also be used metaphorically to describe one's feelings or emotions, such as anger or determination, as in '腹が立つ (はらがたつ)', which means 'to get angry'. Example sentences: My stomach hurts「腹が痛い」(はらがいたい). He has a strong will「彼は腹が据わっている」(かれははらがすわっている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1248

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Combination, Bonding

Reading

Kanji

結Tie, Bind 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '結合 (けつごう)' refers to the act of combining or bonding things together. It is often used in scientific, technical, or abstract contexts to describe the union or integration of elements. For example: the combination of hydrogen and oxygen forms water「水素と酸素の結合は水を形成する」(すいそとさんそのけつごうはみずをけいせいする). The bonding of atoms creates molecules「原子の結合は分子を作る」(げんしのけつごうはぶんしをつくる). This term can also be used metaphorically to describe relationships or connections between people or ideas.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1249

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Distance

Reading

Kanji

距Distance 離Detach, Separate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '距離 (きょり)' refers to the physical or metaphorical distance between two points, objects, or concepts. It is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: the distance between Tokyo and Osaka is about 500 kilometers「東京と大阪の距離は約500キロです」(とうきょうとおおさかのきょりはやく500キロです). There is a distance between their opinions「彼らの意見には距離がある」(かれらのいけんにはきょりがある). The word can also imply emotional or relational distance, such as in '彼との距離を感じる (かれときょりをかんじる) (I feel a distance between us).'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1250

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Future

Reading

Kanji

今Now 後After, Behind

Explanation

The Japanese noun '今後 (こんご)' refers to the 'future' or 'from now on'. It is used to indicate a period of time that starts from the present moment and extends into the future. This term is often used in formal or business contexts to discuss plans, expectations, or changes that will occur moving forward. For example: We will focus on quality improvement from now on「今後は品質向上に力を入れます」(こんごはひんしつこうじょうにちからをいれます). I hope we can continue to work together in the future「今後ともどうぞよろしくお願いします」(こんごともどうぞよろしくおねがいします). The term emphasizes a forward-looking perspective and is commonly used in professional settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1251

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tea

Reading

Kanji

茶Tea

Explanation

The Japanese noun '茶 (ちゃ)' refers to 'tea', a popular beverage made from steeping tea leaves in hot water. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can refer to various types of tea, such as green tea (緑茶, りょくちゃ) or black tea (紅茶, こうちゃ). Example sentences: I drink tea every morning「毎朝茶を飲みます」(まいあさちゃをのみます). This tea is delicious「この茶はおいしい」(このちゃはおいしい). The word can also be part of compound words, such as 'tea ceremony' (茶道, さどう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1252

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

System

Reading

Kanji

体Body 制System, Control

Explanation

The Japanese noun '体制 (たいせい)' refers to a 'system' or 'structure', particularly in the context of political, social, or organizational frameworks. It is often used to describe the established order or arrangement of a group, institution, or society. For example: The government is trying to reform the system「政府は体制を改革しようとしている」(せいふはたいせいをかいかくしようとしている). The company has a strict hierarchical system「その会社は厳格な体制を持っている」(そのかいしゃはげんかくなたいせいをもっている). The word can also imply the status quo or the existing order, and it is commonly used in discussions about governance, management, or societal structures.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1253

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Section, Lesson

Reading

Kanji

課Section, Lesson

Explanation

The Japanese noun '課 (か)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'section', often used in organizational or structural contexts, such as divisions within a company or chapters in a book. For example: the sales section「営業課」(えいぎょうか). The second meaning is 'lesson', typically referring to a unit of study or instruction. For example: today's lesson「今日の課」(きょうのか). The word is versatile and its meaning depends heavily on the context in which it is used. It is commonly seen in educational, corporate, and literary settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1254

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Theory

Reading

Kanji

説Theory, Explanation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '説 (せつ)' primarily means 'theory' or 'explanation'. It refers to a systematic explanation of a phenomenon, often based on reasoning or evidence. This word is commonly used in academic, scientific, or philosophical contexts. For example: his theory is interesting「彼の説は面白い」(かれのせつはおもしろい). There are various theories about this phenomenon「この現象について様々な説がある」(このげんしょうについてさまざまなせつがある). Additionally, '説' can sometimes imply a narrative or story, particularly in historical or mythological contexts, but this usage is less common and typically requires additional context to distinguish it from the primary meaning of 'theory'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1255

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Car

Reading

Kanji

自Self 動Move 車Car

Explanation

The Japanese noun '自動車 (じどうしゃ)' means 'car'. It refers to a motor vehicle with four wheels, typically powered by an internal combustion engine or an electric motor, and is used for transporting passengers. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and formal contexts. For example: I bought a new car「新しい自動車を買いました」(あたらしいじどうしゃをかいました). The car is parked over there「自動車はあそこに止まっています」(じどうしゃはあそこにとまっています). The term is neutral and can refer to any type of car, from sedans to SUVs.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1258

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Natural, Nature

Reading

Kanji

自Self 然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '自然 (しぜん)' can mean both 'nature' and 'natural'. When used to mean 'nature', it refers to the physical world and its phenomena, such as plants, animals, landscapes, and natural processes. For example: I love nature「私は自然が大好きです」(わたしはしぜんがだいすきです). When used to mean 'natural', it describes something that occurs without human intervention or is inherent. For example: This food is natural「この食べ物は自然です」(このたべものはしぜんです). The word can also imply spontaneity or something being unforced, as in '自然な笑顔 (しぜんなえがお) (natural smile)'. It is important to note that the meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1260

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Self study

Reading

Kanji

自Self 習Learn

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '自習 (じしゅう)' means 'self-study'. It refers to the act of studying or learning something on one's own, without direct instruction or supervision from a teacher. This term is commonly used in educational contexts, such as schools or universities, where students are expected to engage in self-study outside of class. For example: I will do self-study at the library today「今日は図書館で自習します」(きょうはとしょかんでじしゅうします). The teacher told us to do self-study for the next chapter「先生は次の章を自習するように言いました」(せんせいはつぎのしょうをじしゅうするようにいいました). Note that '自習' is often used in the form '自習する (じしゅうする)', which functions as a verb meaning 'to self-study'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1261

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Freedom, Liberty

Reading

Kanji

自Self 由Reason

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '自由 (じゆう)' primarily means 'freedom' or 'liberty'. It refers to the state of being free from constraints, whether physical, social, or psychological. This word is often used in contexts discussing personal freedom, free will, or the absence of restrictions. For example: I want freedom「自由が欲しい」(じゆうがほしい). Children have the freedom to play「子供たちは自由に遊べる」(こどもたちはじゆうにあそべる). It can also describe something being optional or unrestricted, as in 'free seating'「自由席」(じゆうせき). Note that while 'freedom' and 'liberty' are closely related, 'freedom' emphasizes the absence of constraints, while 'liberty' often implies the right or permission to act freely.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1264

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

View

Reading

Kanji

観View

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '観 (かん)' is used to express a perspective, view, or way of thinking about something. It is often attached to nouns to form compound words that describe a particular outlook or interpretation. For example: world view「世界観」(せかいかん). life view「人生観」(じんせいかん). This suffix is commonly used in philosophical or abstract contexts to discuss how one perceives or interprets a concept. It can also imply a subjective or personal perspective, as in '彼の人生観は独特だ (かれのじんせいかんはどくとくだ) (His view on life is unique).'

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1266

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Road

Reading

Kanji

道Way 路Path

Explanation

The Japanese noun '道路 (どうろ)' refers to a 'road' or 'street'. It is commonly used to describe a paved or constructed path designed for vehicles, bicycles, or pedestrians. This word is neutral and can refer to roads of any size, from small streets to large highways. Example sentences: The road is wide「道路は広い」(どうろはひろい). There is heavy traffic on this road「この道路は渋滞している」(このどうろはじゅうたいしている). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '高速道路 (こうそくどうろ)' (highway) or '歩道 (ほどう)' (sidewalk), which is often adjacent to a road.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1269

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Share, Stock

Reading

Kanji

株Shares, Stocks 式Style, Ceremony

Explanation

The Japanese noun '株式 (かぶしき)' refers to 'stock' or 'share' in the context of finance and business. It represents a unit of ownership in a corporation or company. This term is commonly used in discussions about investments, stock markets, and corporate ownership. For example: I bought stocks「株式を買いました」(かぶしきをかいました). The company issued new shares「会社が新株を発行しました」(かいしゃがしんかぶをはっこうしました). Note that '株式' is often used in formal or business contexts, while '株 (かぶ)' is a more casual term for 'stock' or 'share'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1270

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Spring

Reading

Kanji

春Spring

Explanation

The Japanese noun '春 (はる)' means 'spring', referring to the season between winter and summer. It is often associated with renewal, blooming flowers, and warmer weather. This word is commonly used in both everyday conversation and literature to evoke the imagery and feelings of spring. For example: Spring has arrived「春が来た」(はるがきた). I love spring because of the cherry blossoms「桜があるので春が大好きです」(さくらがあるのではるがだいすきです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a period of new beginnings or growth.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1271

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Volume

Reading

Kanji

巻Scroll

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '巻 (かん)' is used to denote a volume or a book in a series. It is commonly attached to numbers to indicate the specific volume of a book, manga, or other serialized publications. For example: volume one「第一巻」(だいいっかん). volume three「第三巻」(だいさんかん). This suffix is also used in historical contexts to refer to scrolls or volumes of ancient texts. For instance: the first scroll of the tale「物語の第一巻」(ものがたりのだいいっかん). Note that '巻' can also be used in compound words to indicate a roll or coil, but this is less common in everyday usage.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1272

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rice

Reading

Kanji

米Rice

Explanation

The Japanese noun '米 (べい)' primarily refers to 'rice', which is a staple food in Japan. This term is often used in contexts related to agriculture, cooking, and daily meals. For example: I bought rice「米を買いました」(べいをかいました). Rice is essential in Japanese cuisine「米は日本料理に欠かせない」(べいはにほんりょうりにかかせない). It's important to note that '米' can also refer to uncooked rice, distinguishing it from 'ご飯 (ごはん)', which typically refers to cooked rice or a meal.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1274

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Meeting

Reading

Kanji

会Meet 議Deliberation

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '会議 (かいぎ)' refers to a formal meeting or conference where discussions and decisions are made. It is commonly used in business, organizational, or political contexts. For example: We have a meeting tomorrow「明日会議があります」(あしたかいぎがあります). The meeting was productive「会議は生産的でした」(かいぎはせいさんてきでした). This term emphasizes the structured and official nature of the gathering, distinguishing it from casual or informal meetings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1275

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accident

Reading

Kanji

事Thing 故Reason, Deceased

Explanation

The Japanese noun '事故 (じこ)' refers to an 'accident'. This term is commonly used to describe unexpected and unfortunate events, often involving physical harm or damage. It can be used in various contexts, such as traffic accidents, workplace accidents, or other mishaps. For example: There was a car accident「車の事故があった」(くるまのじこがあった). The factory had an accident「工場で事故があった」(こうじょうでじこがあった). It's important to note that '事故' typically implies a negative outcome and is often used in serious or formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1279

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Conflict

Reading

Kanji

対Against 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '対立 (たいりつ)' means 'conflict' or 'opposition'. It refers to a situation where two or more parties have opposing views, interests, or goals, leading to a clash or disagreement. This term is often used in contexts such as politics, relationships, or debates. For example: There is a conflict between the two parties「二つの党の間に対立がある」(ふたつのとうのあいだにたいりつがある). The conflict between the two countries intensified「二つの国の対立が激化した」(ふたつのくにのたいりつがげきかした). Note that '対立' can also imply a more formal or structured opposition, such as in legal or ideological disputes.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1280

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reverse, Opposition

Reading

Kanji

反Anti 対Against

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '反対 (はんたい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'opposition,' referring to being against something or someone, such as in a disagreement or protest. For example: I am against this plan「私はこの計画に反対です」(わたしはこのけいかくにはんたいです). The second meaning is 'reverse,' indicating the opposite direction or side. For example: Please write it in reverse order「反対の順番で書いてください」(はんたいのじゅんばんでかいてください). The word is versatile and can be used in both abstract and concrete contexts, depending on the situation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1282

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Snow

Reading

Kanji

雪Snow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '雪 (ゆき)' means 'snow'. This word refers to the frozen precipitation that falls from the sky in cold weather. It is commonly used to describe weather conditions or to talk about snowy landscapes. For example: The snow is beautiful「雪がきれいです」(ゆきがきれいです). I like snow「私は雪が好きです」(わたしはゆきがすきです). Snow can also be used metaphorically to describe something pure or white, such as '雪のような肌 (ゆきのようなはだ)' meaning 'skin like snow'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1283

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Interest

Reading

Kanji

関Barrier, Related 心Heart

Explanation

The Japanese noun '関心 (かんしん)' means 'interest' or 'concern'. It refers to a feeling of curiosity or concern about something or someone. This word is often used in contexts where someone is paying attention to or is curious about a particular topic, event, or person. For example: I have an interest in Japanese culture「私は日本文化に関心があります」(わたしはにほんぶんかにかんしんがあります). His concern for the environment is genuine「彼の環境への関心は本物です」(かれのかんきょうへのかんしんはほんものです). The word can also imply a deeper level of engagement or concern, not just superficial curiosity.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1284

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Population

Reading

Kanji

人Person 口Mouth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人口 (じんこう)' means 'population'. It refers to the number of people living in a specific area, such as a city, country, or region. This word is commonly used in discussions about demographics, statistics, or social issues. For example: The population of Tokyo is large「東京の人口は多い」(とうきょうのじんこうはおおい). The population of this town is decreasing「この町の人口は減っている」(このまちのじんこうはへっている). It can also be used in compound words like '人口密度 (じんこうみつど)' (population density).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1287

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Express

Reading

Kanji

特Special 急Urgent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '特急 (とっきゅう)' refers to an 'express' train or service, typically one that makes fewer stops and travels faster than regular services. It is commonly used in the context of transportation, especially trains. For example: I took the express train to Osaka「特急で大阪に行きました」(とっきゅうでおおさかにいきました). The express train is faster than the local train「特急は各駅停車より速いです」(とっきゅうはかくえきていしゃよりはやいです). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is done quickly or efficiently, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1288

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mobile

Reading

Kanji

携Carry with, Portable 帯Belt, Wear

Explanation

The Japanese noun '携帯 (けいたい)' primarily refers to a mobile phone or cellphone. It is a commonly used term in everyday conversation and is often shortened to 'ケータイ' in casual contexts. The word can also imply portability or something that is carried around, but in modern usage, it is overwhelmingly associated with mobile phones. Example sentences: I forgot my mobile phone at home「携帯を家に忘れた」(けいたいをいえにわすれた). Can I have your mobile number?「携帯番号を教えてもらえますか？」(けいたいばんごをおしえてもらえますか？).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1289

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Way

Reading

Kanji

仕Serve 方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '仕方 (しかた)' means 'way' or 'method'. It refers to the manner or approach in which something is done. This word is often used when discussing how to accomplish a task or solve a problem. For example: There is no other way「仕方がない」(しかたがない). This is the way to do it「これが仕方だ」(これがしかただ). It can also imply resignation or acceptance when used in phrases like '仕方がない (しかたがない)', which means 'it can't be helped' or 'there's no other way'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1290

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Duty, Obligation

Reading

Kanji

義Righteousness 務Duty, Task

Explanation

The Japanese noun '義務 (ぎむ)' refers to a moral or legal responsibility that one is required to fulfill. It can be used in various contexts, such as societal duties, legal obligations, or personal responsibilities. For example: It is the duty of citizens to pay taxes「国民の義務は税金を払うことです」(こくみんのぎむはぜいきんをはらうことです). Parents have an obligation to raise their children「親は子供を育てる義務があります」(おやはこどもをそだてるぎむがあります). The word emphasizes a sense of responsibility that is often non-negotiable or expected by society or law.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1293

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Constitution

Reading

Kanji

憲Constitution 法Law, Method

Explanation

The Japanese noun '憲法 (けんぽう)' refers to a constitution, which is a set of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is governed. In Japan, it specifically refers to the national constitution, which outlines the framework of the government and the rights of the citizens. Example sentences: The constitution guarantees freedom of speech「憲法は言論の自由を保証している」(けんぽうはげんろんのじゆうをほしょうしている). Japan's constitution was established after World War II「日本の憲法は第二次世界大戦後に制定された」(にほんのけんぽうはだいにじせかいたいせんごにせいていされた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1294

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Postwar

Reading

Kanji

戦Fight, War 後After, Behind

Explanation

The Japanese noun '戦後 (せんご)' refers to the period after a war, specifically the time following World War II in Japan. It is often used to describe the era of reconstruction, economic growth, and social change that occurred in Japan after the war. For example: Japan experienced rapid economic growth in the postwar period「日本は戦後に急速な経済成長を経験した」(にほんはせんごにきゅうそくなけいざいせいちょうをけいけんした). The postwar generation has a different perspective on life「戦後世代は人生に対する異なる視点を持っている」(せんごせだいはじんせいにたいすることなるしてんをもっている). This term is deeply tied to Japanese history and culture, often evoking a sense of transformation and renewal.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1295

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Theory

Reading

Kanji

理Reason 論Theory, Argument

Explanation

The Japanese noun '理論 (りろん)' means 'theory'. It refers to a system of ideas intended to explain something, especially one based on general principles independent of the thing to be explained. This word is often used in academic, scientific, and philosophical contexts. For example: His theory is widely accepted「彼の理論は広く受け入れられている」(かれのりろんはひろくうけいれられている). We need to test this theory「この理論を検証する必要がある」(このりろんをけんしょうするひつようがある). The word can also be used in everyday contexts to refer to a personal opinion or idea that someone has about how something works or should work.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1297

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Normal

Reading

Kanji

普Universal, Widespread 通Commute, Pass

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '普通 (ふつう)' means 'normal' or 'ordinary'. It is used to describe something that is standard, usual, or not out of the ordinary. This word can be applied to situations, objects, or people. For example: This is a normal day「今日は普通の日です」(きょうはふつうのひです). She is an ordinary person「彼女は普通の人です」(かのじょはふつうのひとです). It can also be used in phrases like '普通に (ふつうに)' to mean 'normally' or 'as usual', as in 'I normally go to school by train「普通に電車で学校に行きます」(ふつうにでんしゃでがっこうにいきます)'. Note that '普通' can sometimes imply a sense of mediocrity or lack of specialness, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1298

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Circle

Reading

Kanji

丸Round

Explanation

The Japanese noun '丸 (まる)' primarily means 'circle'. It refers to a round shape or something that is circular in form. This word can be used in various contexts, such as describing shapes, objects, or even in idiomatic expressions. For example: draw a circle「丸を描く」(まるをえがく). The moon is round「月は丸い」(つきはまるい). Additionally, '丸' can sometimes be used to indicate completeness or entirety, as in '丸ごと (まるごと)' meaning 'whole' or 'entire'. However, the primary and most common meaning is 'circle'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1300

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Peace

Reading

Kanji

平Flat 和Peace

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '平和 (へいわ)' means 'peace'. It is used to describe a state of tranquility, absence of violence, or harmony. This term is often used in contexts related to world peace, peaceful coexistence, or a peaceful state of mind. For example: I wish for world peace「世界の平和を願います」(せかいのへいわをねがいます). The country is in a peaceful state「その国は平和な状態です」(そのくにはへいわなじょうたいです). Note that '平和' can also be used as a noun, but its primary function is as an adjectival noun, often followed by 'な' when modifying a noun, as in '平和な国 (へいわなくに) (peaceful country)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1301

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Highschool

Reading

Kanji

高High, Expensive 等Equal 学Learn 校School

Explanation

The Japanese noun '高等学校 (こうとうがっこう)' refers to a 'high school', which is an educational institution for students typically aged 15 to 18. In Japan, high school is not compulsory, but most students attend to prepare for university entrance exams or vocational training. Example sentences: I go to high school「私は高等学校に行きます」(わたしはこうとうがっこうにいきます). High school is fun「高等学校は楽しい」(こうとうがっこうはたのしい). The term is often abbreviated to '高校 (こうこう)' in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1303

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Opportunity

Reading

Kanji

機Machine, Opportunity 会Meet

Explanation

The Japanese noun '機会 (きかい)' means 'opportunity'. It refers to a favorable or suitable time or occasion for doing something. This word is often used in contexts where one is presented with a chance to achieve something or to engage in an activity. For example: I want to take this opportunity to thank you「この機会に感謝の気持ちを伝えたいです」(このきかいにかんしゃのきもちをつたえたいです). He missed the opportunity to study abroad「彼は留学する機会を逃した」(かれはりゅうがくするきかいをのがした). The word can be used in both formal and informal settings, and it is commonly found in both spoken and written Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1305

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hospitalization

Reading

Kanji

入Enter 院Institution

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '入院 (にゅういん)' refers to the act of being admitted to a hospital for treatment or care. It is commonly used in contexts where someone is staying in a hospital due to illness, injury, or medical procedures. For example: He was hospitalized for a week「彼は一週間入院した」(かれはいっしゅうかんにゅういんした). My grandmother needs to be hospitalized「私の祖母は入院する必要がある」(わたしのそぼはにゅういんするひつようがある). This term is often used in medical or personal health-related conversations.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1307

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Graduate school

Reading

Kanji

大Big 学Learn 院Institution

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大学院 (だいがくいん)' refers to 'graduate school', which is an institution of higher education where students pursue advanced studies beyond a bachelor's degree. It is commonly used in academic contexts to describe programs for master's or doctoral degrees. Example sentences: I am studying at graduate school「私は大学院で勉強しています」(わたしはだいがくいんでべんきょうしています). She is applying to graduate school「彼女は大学院に応募しています」(かのじょはだいがくいんにおうぼしています). The term is often associated with research and specialized academic training.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1308

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Usual, Normal

Reading

Kanji

通Commute, Pass 常Usual, Normal

Explanation

The Japanese noun '通常 (つうじょう)' refers to something that is normal, usual, or standard. It is often used to describe a state or condition that is typical or expected. For example: The store is open as usual「通常通り店は開いています」(つうじょうどおりみせはあいています). The train is running on its normal schedule「電車は通常のスケジュールで運行しています」(でんしゃはつうじょうのスケジュールでうんこうしています). This word is commonly used in formal or business contexts to indicate standard procedures or conditions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1309

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Player, Athlete

Reading

Kanji

選Choose 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '選手 (せんしゅ)' refers to a person who participates in sports or competitive activities, such as a player or athlete. It is commonly used in contexts involving sports teams, competitions, or tournaments. For example: He is a soccer player「彼はサッカー選手です」(かれはサッカーせんしゅです). She is a talented athlete「彼女は才能のある選手です」(かのじょはさいのうのあるせんしゅです). The word can also be used more broadly to refer to participants in any competitive field, not just sports.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1311

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dentist

Reading

Kanji

歯Tooth 医Doctor 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '歯医者 (はいしゃ)' means 'dentist'. It refers to a medical professional who specializes in the care and treatment of teeth and oral health. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation when discussing dental appointments or issues. For example: I went to the dentist「歯医者に行きました」(はいしゃにいきました). The dentist is kind「その歯医者は優しいです」(そのはいしゃはやさしいです). It is important to note that '歯医者' is often used interchangeably with '歯科医 (しかい)', though '歯医者' is more casual and commonly used in spoken language.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1313

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Product

Reading

Kanji

製Manufacture 品Product

Explanation

The Japanese noun '製品 (せいひん)' means 'product'. It refers to goods or items that are manufactured or produced, often in an industrial or commercial context. This word is commonly used in business, manufacturing, and everyday conversations to describe tangible items created for sale or use. For example: This company produces high-quality products「この会社は高品質な製品を生産する」(このかいしゃはこうひんしつなせいひんをせいさんする). I bought a new electronic product「新しい電子製品を買いました」(あたらしいでんしせいひんをかいました). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as agricultural products (農作物製品, のうさくもつせいひん) or cultural products (文化製品, ぶんかせいひん).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1315

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Daily

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun 常Usual, Normal

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日常 (にちじょう)' refers to the concept of 'daily life' or 'everyday routine'. It encompasses the ordinary, day-to-day activities and experiences that make up one's regular life. This term is often used to describe the mundane aspects of life, as opposed to special or extraordinary events. For example: I enjoy my daily life「私は日常を楽しんでいます」(わたしはにちじょうをたのしんでいます). The daily routine is important「日常のルーティンは大切です」(にちじょうのルーティンはたいせつです). It can also be used in phrases like '日常生活 (にちじょうせいかつ)' which means 'daily life' or 'everyday life'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1316

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Textbook

Reading

Kanji

教Teach 科Section, Department 書Write

Explanation

The Japanese noun '教科書 (きょうかしょ)' means 'textbook'. It refers to a book used as a standard source of information for formal study of a subject, typically in schools or educational institutions. This word is commonly used in academic settings. For example: I forgot my textbook「教科書を忘れました」(きょうかしょをわすれました). This textbook is very useful「この教科書はとても役に立ちます」(このきょうかしょはとてもやくにたちます). The word is often associated with subjects like math, science, or history, and is essential for students in Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1318

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Writing

Reading

Kanji

文Sentence 章Chapter, Badge

Explanation

The Japanese noun '文章 (ぶんしょう)' refers to a piece of writing or a written composition. It is commonly used to describe sentences, paragraphs, essays, or any structured written text. This term emphasizes the arrangement and expression of ideas through written language. For example: His writing is very clear「彼の文章はとてもわかりやすい」(かれのぶんしょうはとてもわかりやすい). I enjoy reading her essays「彼女の文章を読むのが好きです」(かのじょのぶんしょうをよむのがすきです). The word can also imply the style or quality of writing, such as in '文章が上手 (ぶんしょうがじょうず)' (good at writing).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1319

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Science

Reading

Kanji

理Reason 科Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '理科 (りか)' refers to the academic subject of 'science', particularly in the context of school education. It encompasses natural sciences such as physics, chemistry, biology, and earth sciences. This term is commonly used in educational settings to describe the subject or curriculum. For example: I like science「私は理科が好きです」(わたしはりかがすきです). Science is interesting「理科は面白い」(りかはおもしろい). The word '理科' is distinct from '科学 (かがく)', which refers to science in a broader, more general sense, including research and applied sciences.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1320

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Group, Class

Reading

Kanji

組Association, Group

Explanation

The Japanese noun '組 (くみ)' primarily means 'group' or 'class'. It is commonly used to refer to a group of people, such as a team, class, or organization. For example: I belong to the soccer group「私はサッカーの組に所属しています」(わたしはサッカーのくみにしょぞくしています). This class is very active「この組はとても活発です」(このくみはとてもかっぱつです). Additionally, '組' can also refer to a pair or set of items, such as in 'a set of tools'「工具の組」(こうぐのくみ). The word is versatile and context-dependent, so its meaning can shift slightly based on usage.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1323

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Total

Reading

Kanji

総General, Total

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '総 (そう)' is used to indicate 'total', 'overall', or 'general'. It is often attached to nouns to emphasize the entirety or comprehensive nature of something. For example: total population「総人口」(そうじんこう). Overall plan「総合計画」(そうごうけいかく). This prefix is commonly used in formal or technical contexts, such as in business, government, or academic settings. It can also imply a sense of completeness or inclusiveness, as in '総合病院 (そうごうびょういん) (general hospital)'.

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1324

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exactly

Reading

Kanji

丁Street 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '丁度 (ちょうど)' means 'exactly' or 'just'. It is used to indicate precision in time, quantity, or condition. It can also imply that something happens at the perfect moment or fits perfectly. For example: It's exactly 3 o'clock「ちょうど3時です」(ちょうどさんじです). This shirt fits me just right「このシャツはちょうどいい」(このシャツはちょうどいい). The train arrived exactly on time「電車はちょうど時間通りに到着した」(でんしゃはちょうどじかんどおりにとうちゃくした). Note that 'ちょうど' is often used in casual and formal contexts alike, making it a versatile word in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1325

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

No smoking

Reading

Kanji

禁Ban, Prohibition 煙Smoke

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '禁煙 (きんえん)' means 'no smoking' or 'smoking prohibition'. It is commonly used to indicate areas where smoking is not allowed, such as in public spaces, restaurants, or on public transportation. This term is often seen on signs and notices. For example: This is a no-smoking area「ここは禁煙です」(ここはきんえんです). Please refrain from smoking「禁煙をお願いします」(きんえんをおねがいします). The term can also be used in a broader sense to refer to the act of quitting smoking, as in '禁煙する (きんえんする)' which means 'to quit smoking'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1326

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tendency, Trend

Reading

Kanji

傾Incline, Lean 向Facing, Yonder

Explanation

The Japanese noun '傾向 (けいこう)' refers to a general direction in which something is developing or changing, or a likelihood of behaving in a particular way. It is often used in discussions about patterns, behaviors, or statistical data. For example: There is a trend towards healthier eating「健康的な食事に向かう傾向がある」(けんこうてきなしょくじにむかうけいこうがある). He has a tendency to be late「彼は遅れる傾向がある」(かれはおくれるけいこうがある). The word can be used in both formal and informal contexts, and it is commonly seen in news articles, reports, and everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1328

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

West

Reading

Kanji

西West

Explanation

The Japanese noun '西 (にし)' means 'west'. It is used to indicate the cardinal direction west, and can be used in various contexts such as geography, navigation, or describing locations. For example: The sun sets in the west「太陽は西に沈む」(たいようはにしにしずむ). Kyoto is west of Tokyo「京都は東京の西にある」(きょうとはとうきょうのにしにある). The word can also be part of compound words, such as '西側 (にしがわ)' meaning 'west side' or 'western side'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1330

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

South

Reading

Kanji

南South

Explanation

The Japanese noun '南 (みなみ)' means 'south'. It refers to the cardinal direction and is commonly used in geographical contexts, such as describing locations, directions, or regions. For example: the wind is blowing from the south「南から風が吹いている」(みなみからかぜがふいている). The hotel is located in the south of the city「ホテルは街の南にあります」(ホテルはまちのみなみにあります). This word is straightforward and does not carry additional nuanced meanings beyond its directional sense.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1333

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Danger

Reading

Kanji

危Dangerous 険Dangerous, Steep

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '危険 (きけん)' means 'danger' or 'dangerous'. It is used to describe situations, actions, or objects that pose a risk or threat. It can function as a noun or modify other nouns when combined with 'な' (e.g., 危険な場所 - dangerous place). For example: That road is dangerous「その道は危険だ」(そのみちはきけんだ). Climbing that mountain is dangerous「あの山に登るのは危険だ」(あのやまにのぼるのはきけんだ). It is also commonly used in warnings, such as '危険！立ち入り禁止' (きけん！たちいりきんし) - 'Danger! No entry.'

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1335

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Existence

Reading

Kanji

存Exist, Suppose 在Be, Exist

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '存在 (そんざい)' means 'existence'. It refers to the state or fact of existing, being present, or being real. This word is often used in philosophical, existential, or formal contexts to discuss the nature of being or presence. For example: the existence of life on other planets「他の惑星に生命の存在がある」(ほかのわくせいにせいめいのそんざいがある). His presence is reassuring「彼の存在は安心感を与える」(かれのそんざいはあんしんかんをあたえる). It can also be used to describe the presence of something in a specific location or situation, such as 'the existence of a problem'「問題の存在」(もんだいのそんざい).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1336

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attention

Reading

Kanji

注Pour 目Eye

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '注目 (ちゅうもく)' means 'attention' or 'focus'. It is used to describe the act of paying attention to something or someone, often implying interest or importance. This word is commonly used in contexts where something noteworthy or significant is being highlighted. For example: The new policy is attracting attention「新しい政策が注目を集めている」(あたらしいせいさくがちゅうもくをあつめている). Please pay attention to this point「この点に注目してください」(このてんにちゅうもくしてください). It can also be used in phrases like '注目の的 (ちゅうもくのまと)', meaning 'the center of attention'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1338

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Order

Reading

Kanji

注Pour 文Sentence

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '注文 (ちゅうもん)' primarily means 'order' and is used in contexts such as ordering food at a restaurant, placing an order for goods, or requesting a service. It conveys the act of making a request or placing a demand for something. For example: I will order sushi「寿司を注文します」(すしをちゅうもんします). He placed an order for a new book「彼は新しい本を注文しました」(かれはあたらしいほんをちゅうもんしました). The word can also imply a specific request or customization, as in 'custom order' or 'special order'. It is commonly used in both casual and formal settings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1339

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Honorific

Reading

Kanji

状Form, Condition

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '様 (さま)' is an honorific title used to show respect or politeness towards someone. It is more formal than the suffix 'さん' and is often used in formal settings, business contexts, or when addressing someone of higher status. For example: Thank you, Mr. Tanaka「田中様、ありがとうございます」(たなかさま、ありがとうございます). This is for you, esteemed guest「お客様、こちらです」(おきゃくさま、こちらです). It can also be used in written correspondence or on packages to show respect for the recipient. Note that '様' is not used for oneself or in casual conversations.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1342

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attention

Reading

Kanji

注Pour 意Idea

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '注意 (ちゅうい)' primarily means 'attention'. It is used to indicate the act of paying attention or being cautious about something. This word is often used in contexts where one needs to be careful or alert, such as in warnings or instructions. For example: Pay attention to the road「道路に注意してください」(どうろにちゅういしてください). Be careful with the hot water「お湯に注意」(おゆにちゅうい). Additionally, '注意' can also be used in a more formal or serious context, such as in official warnings or notices. For instance: The teacher gave a warning about the upcoming test「先生はテストについて注意を与えた」(せんせいはテストについてちゅういをあたえた).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1344

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Leaf

Reading

Kanji

葉Leaf

Explanation

The Japanese noun '葉 (は)' means 'leaf'. It refers to the green, flat, and typically thin structure that grows from the stem or branches of a plant. This word is commonly used in contexts related to nature, plants, and seasons, particularly when describing trees or foliage. For example: the leaves are green「葉は緑です」(ははみどりです). The leaves are falling「葉が落ちている」(はがおちている). In Japanese culture, leaves are often associated with seasonal changes, such as autumn leaves (紅葉, もみじ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1345

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Preparation

Reading

Kanji

用Use 意Idea

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '用意 (ようい)' means 'preparation'. It refers to the act of preparing or getting something ready for a specific purpose or event. This word is commonly used in contexts where planning or readiness is required, such as preparing for a trip, a meal, or an event. For example: I finished my preparation for the trip「旅行の用意ができた」(りょこうのよういができた). Please prepare the documents「書類を用意してください」(しょるいをよういしてください). It can also imply a sense of readiness or having something at hand, as in '用意ができている (よういができている)' meaning 'to be prepared'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1346

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Breath

Reading

Kanji

息Breath

Explanation

The Japanese noun '息 (いき)' means 'breath'. It refers to the air taken into or expelled from the lungs, and is commonly used in contexts related to breathing, such as holding one's breath or being out of breath. For example: I took a deep breath「私は深く息をした」(わたしはふかくいきをした). He was out of breath after running「彼は走った後で息が切れていた」(かれははしったあとでいきがきれていた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a pause or moment of rest, as in 'a breath of fresh air'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1348

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Confirmation

Reading

Kanji

確Certain 認Recognize, Admit

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '確認 (かくにん)' means 'confirmation'. It refers to the act of verifying or checking something to ensure its accuracy, correctness, or existence. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts, such as in business, daily conversations, or instructions. For example: Please confirm the schedule「スケジュールを確認してください」(スケジュールをかくにんしてください). I confirmed the reservation「予約を確認しました」(よやくをかくにんしました). It can also be used in compound verbs like '確認する (かくにんする)' to mean 'to confirm'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1349

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Function

Reading

Kanji

機Machine, Opportunity 能Ability

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '機能 (きのう)' means 'function'. It refers to the purpose, role, or operation of something, often used in technical, mechanical, or organizational contexts. For example: This machine's function is to cut paper「この機械の機能は紙を切ることです」(このきかいのきのうはかみをきることです). The new software improves system functionality「新しいソフトウェアはシステムの機能を向上させます」(あたらしいソフトウェアはシステムのきのうをこうじょうさせます). It can also describe the ability of something to perform its intended role, as in 'The phone's camera function is excellent'「その電話のカメラ機能は素晴らしい」(そのでんわのカメラきのうはすばらしい).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1352

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Foundation

Reading

Kanji

基Base, Fundation 礎Foundation stone, Foundation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '基礎 (きそ)' means 'foundation'. It refers to the base or underlying support of something, whether physical, conceptual, or abstract. This word is often used in contexts like education, construction, or skills development. For example: The foundation of this building is strong「この建物の基礎は強い」(このたてもののきそはつよい). Learning the basics is important「基礎を学ぶことは大切です」(きそをまなぶことはたいせつです). It can also refer to the fundamental principles or groundwork of a subject, as in '基礎知識 (きそちしき) (basic knowledge)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1356

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Work

Reading

Kanji

業Business 務Duty, Task

Explanation

The Japanese noun '業務 (ぎょうむ)' refers to 'work' or 'business operations'. It is commonly used in professional or corporate settings to describe tasks, duties, or activities related to one's job or the functioning of an organization. For example: He is in charge of office work「彼は事務業務を担当している」(かれはじむぎょうむをたんとうしている). The company is streamlining its operations「その会社は業務を効率化している」(そのかいしゃはぎょうむをこうりつかしている). This term is often used in formal contexts and can encompass a wide range of professional activities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1357

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Concrete

Reading

Kanji

具Tool 体Body 的Target

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '具体的 (ぐたいてき)' means 'concrete' or 'specific'. It is used to describe something that is tangible, clear, or well-defined, as opposed to abstract or vague. This term is often used in discussions, explanations, or plans to emphasize clarity and detail. For example: Please give me a concrete example「具体的な例を教えてください」(ぐたいてきなれいをおしえてください). The plan needs to be more specific「その計画はもっと具体的にする必要がある」(そのけいかくはもっとぐたいてきにするひつようがある). Note that '具体的' is often followed by the particle 'な' when modifying a noun, as in '具体的な説明 (ぐたいてきなせつめい) (concrete explanation)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1358

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Resident

Reading

Kanji

住Live 民People, Nation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '住民 (じゅうみん)' refers to a 'resident' or 'inhabitant' of a particular area, such as a city, town, or neighborhood. It is commonly used in contexts related to local communities, governance, or population statistics. For example: The residents of this town are friendly「この町の住民は親切です」(このまちのじゅうみんはしんせつです). The number of residents has increased「住民の数が増えました」(じゅうみんのかずがふえました). This term is neutral and can be applied to any group of people living in a specific location.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1359

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Half

Reading

Kanji

半Half 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese noun '半分 (はんぶん)' means 'half'. It is used to describe one of two equal parts of something. This word is commonly used in everyday conversations, such as dividing food, time, or objects. For example: I ate half of the cake「ケーキの半分を食べた」(ケーキのはんぶんをたべた). Let's split the work in half「仕事を半分に分けよう」(しごとをはんぶんにわけよう). The word can also be used metaphorically, as in 'half of my heart is broken'「私の心の半分は壊れている」(わたしのこころのはんぶんはこわれている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1360

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Yesterday

Reading

Kanji

昨Yesterday, Previous 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '昨日 (きのう)' means 'yesterday'. It refers to the day before today. This word is commonly used in daily conversations to talk about events or actions that occurred on the previous day. For example: I went to the park yesterday「昨日、公園に行きました」(きのう、こうえんにいきました). Yesterday was a holiday「昨日は休日でした」(きのうはきゅうじつでした). The word '昨日' is straightforward and does not have additional meanings or nuances beyond its temporal reference.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1363

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Preparation

Reading

Kanji

準Follow, Semi 備Equip, Provide

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '準備 (じゅんび)' means 'preparation'. It refers to the act of getting ready or making arrangements for something. This word is commonly used in various contexts, such as preparing for an event, a trip, or even a meal. For example: I am preparing for the exam「試験の準備をしています」(しけんのじゅんびをしています). She made preparations for the party「彼女はパーティーの準備をしました」(かのじょはパーティーのじゅんびをしました). The word can also be used in compound forms, such as '準備運動 (じゅんびうんどう)' (warm-up exercises).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1364

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Design

Reading

Kanji

設Set up, Establish 計Measure, Plan

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '設計 (せっけい)' means 'design'. It refers to the process of planning and creating a detailed plan or blueprint for something, such as a building, machine, or system. This term is commonly used in engineering, architecture, and product development contexts. For example: The design of this building is innovative「この建物の設計は革新的です」(このたてもののせっけいはかくしんてきです). We are working on the design of a new car「私たちは新しい車の設計をしています」(わたしたちはあたらしいくるまのせっけいをしています). The word can also imply a broader sense of planning or structuring, such as in 'system design' or 'life design'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1366

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Old woman

Reading

Kanji

婆Old woman

Explanation

The Japanese noun '婆 (ばあ)' refers to an old woman. It is a somewhat informal or colloquial term and can carry a neutral, affectionate, or even slightly derogatory tone depending on the context. It is often used in everyday conversation or storytelling. For example: The old woman smiled「婆が笑った」(ばあがわらった). I helped the old woman cross the street「婆を手伝って道を渡した」(ばあをてつだってみちをわたした). Note that this term is less formal than alternatives like '老女 (ろうじょ)' or 'おばあさん', which are more respectful.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1367

Composition

kanji

Handwriting