Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Composition

word

Meaning

Husband

Reading

Kanji

主Master 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ご主人 (ごしゅじん)' is a polite term used to refer to someone else's husband. It is a respectful way to address or mention another person's spouse, often used in formal or polite conversations. For example: Her husband is kind「ご主人は優しいです」(ごしゅじんはやさしいです). I met her husband yesterday「昨日、ご主人に会いました」(きのう、ごしゅじんにあいました). It is important to note that this term is not used to refer to one's own husband; for that, '主人 (しゅじん)' or '夫 (おっと)' is more appropriate. The prefix 'ご' adds a level of politeness, making it suitable for formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

307

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Which, Eventually

Reading

Kanji

何What

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun '何れ (いずれ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'eventually' or 'sooner or later', indicating something that will happen in the future. For example: you will understand eventually「いずれ分かるでしょう」(いずれわかるでしょう). The second meaning is 'which', used when referring to one out of several options. For example: which one do you want?「いずれが欲しいですか？」(いずれがほしいですか？). It's important to note that 'いずれ' is a formal or literary word, and in casual conversation, 'どれ' or 'いつか' might be used instead depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

311

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Like

Reading

Kanji

好Like, Fond

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '好き (すき)' means 'like' or 'fond of'. It is used to express a preference or affection for something or someone. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to indicate personal tastes or interests. For example: I like cats「猫が好きです」(ねこがすきです). She likes music「彼女は音楽が好きです」(かのじょはおんがくがすきです). It's important to note that '好き' is often used with the particle 'が' to indicate the object of affection or preference, as in '猫が好き (ねこがすき) (like cats)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

314

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Return

Reading

Kanji

帰Return

Explanation

The Japanese verb '帰る (かえる)' means 'to return' or 'to go back'. It is commonly used to indicate returning to a place, such as one's home or a familiar location. This verb is often used in everyday conversation to describe going back home after work, school, or an outing. For example: I will return home「家に帰ります」(いえにかえります). He returned to his hometown「彼は故郷に帰った」(かれはふるさとにかえった). The verb can also imply a sense of returning to a state or condition, such as returning to normalcy. Note that '帰る' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

317

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Talk, Speak

Reading

Kanji

話Talk

Explanation

The Japanese verb '話す (はなす)' primarily means 'to speak' or 'to talk'. It is used to describe the act of communicating verbally with someone. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as casual conversations, formal discussions, or storytelling. For example: I speak Japanese「私は日本語を話す」(わたしはにほんごをはなす). Let's talk about it「それについて話しましょう」(それについてはなししましょう). Note that '話す' often requires a particle like 'を' or 'と' to indicate the object of the conversation or the person being spoken to, as in '友達と話す (ともだちとはなす) (talk with a friend)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

319

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Request

Reading

Kanji

願Request, Wish

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'お願い (おねがい)' means 'request'. It is a polite and formal way to ask for something or to make a request. This term is often used in various contexts, such as asking for a favor, making a formal request, or even in customer service settings. For example: Please help me「お願い、助けてください」(おねがい、たすけてください). I have a request「お願いがあります」(おねがいがあります). It is important to note that 'お願い' is often used with the verb 'する' to form the phrase 'お願いします', which is a common way to make a polite request, as in 'Please do this for me「これをやってください、お願いします」(これをやってください、おねがいします)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

320

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

If

Reading

Kanji

若Young

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '若し (もし)' means 'if' and is used to introduce a hypothetical or conditional situation. It is often paired with conditional forms of verbs or expressions to indicate a possibility or assumption. For example: If it rains tomorrow, I will stay home「もし明日雨が降ったら、家にいます」(もしあしたあめがふったら、いえにいます). If you need help, please tell me「もし助けが必要なら、教えてください」(もしたすけがひつようなら、おしえてください). This word is commonly used in polite or formal contexts and is essential for constructing conditional sentences in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

323

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Feel

Reading

Kanji

感Feeling, Sensation

Explanation

The Japanese verb '感じる (かんじる)' means 'to feel'. It is used to express the perception of physical sensations, emotions, or impressions. This verb can describe both tangible and intangible feelings, such as touch, emotions, or intuitive understanding. For example: I feel the warmth of the sun「太陽の暖かさを感じる」(たいようのあたたかさをかんじる). She felt a sense of relief「彼女は安堵を感じた」(かのじょはあんどをかんじた). It can also be used to express a sense of something, like 'I feel that something is wrong'「何かがおかしいと感じる」(なにかがおかしいとかんじる). The verb is versatile and commonly used in both casual and formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

329

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Restroom

Reading

Kanji

手Hand 洗Wash

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'お手洗い (おてあらい)' means 'restroom' or 'toilet'. It is a polite and formal way to refer to a bathroom or lavatory. This term is commonly used in public places, restaurants, and formal settings. For example: Where is the restroom?「お手洗いはどこですか？」(おてあらいはどこですか？). I need to use the restroom「お手洗いをお借りしたいです」(おてあらいをおかりしたいです). The prefix 'お' adds politeness, making it suitable for polite conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

331

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Especially

Reading

Kanji

特Special

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '特に (とくに)' means 'especially' or 'particularly'. It is used to emphasize a specific point or to single out something from a group. This adverb is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to highlight importance or distinction. For example: I especially like this dish「特にこの料理が好きです」(とくにこのりょうりがすきです). There's nothing particularly wrong「特に悪いところはない」(とくにわるいところはない). It can also be used to indicate that something is not the case, as in '特に問題はない (とくにもんだいはない) (There is no particular problem).'

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

332

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drink

Reading

Kanji

飲Drink

Explanation

The Japanese verb '飲む (のむ)' means 'to drink'. It is used to describe the action of consuming liquids, such as water, tea, or alcohol. This verb is commonly used in everyday conversation and can be applied to various contexts. For example: I drink coffee every morning「毎朝コーヒーを飲む」(まいあさコーヒーをのむ). He drinks a lot of water「彼はたくさんの水を飲む」(かれはたくさんのみずをのむ). Additionally, '飲む' can also be used metaphorically, such as in the phrase 'to swallow (a story)'「話を飲む」(はなしをのむ), meaning to believe something without question.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

333

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cloud, Gloom

Reading

Kanji

曇Cloudy

Explanation

The Japanese verb '曇る (くもる)' primarily means 'to become cloudy' or 'to cloud over', referring to the sky or weather. It can also metaphorically describe a person's mood or expression becoming gloomy or clouded. For example: The sky is cloudy today「今日は空が曇っている」(きょうはそらがくもっている). Her face clouded with sadness「彼女の顔は悲しみで曇った」(かのじょのかおはかなしみでくもった). This verb is commonly used in weather forecasts and everyday conversations about the weather or emotional states.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

335

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Show

Reading

Kanji

示Show, Indicate

Explanation

The Japanese verb '示す (しめす)' means 'to show' or 'to indicate'. It is used to express the act of presenting something visibly or making something clear. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as showing evidence, indicating a direction, or demonstrating a concept. For example: He showed me the way「彼は私に道を示した」(かれはわたしにみちをしめした). The data indicates a clear trend「データは明確な傾向を示している」(データはめいかくなけいこうをしめしている). Note that '示す' often implies a deliberate or intentional act of showing or indicating something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

338

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

New

Reading

Kanji

新New

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '新しい (あたらしい)' means 'new'. It is used to describe something that has recently been made, discovered, or introduced. This adjective can be applied to objects, ideas, or experiences. For example: I bought a new car「新しい車を買いました」(あたらしいくるまをかいました). This is a new idea「これは新しいアイデアです」(これはあたらしいアイデアです). The adjective can also imply freshness or novelty, as in '新しい友達 (あたらしいともだち) (new friend)'. Note that it is often used to describe something that has not been used or experienced before.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

340

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relate

Reading

Kanji

関Barrier, Related

Explanation

The Japanese verb '関する (かんする)' means 'to relate to' or 'to concern'. It is used to indicate a connection or relevance between two things. This verb is often used in formal or written contexts. For example: This document relates to the new policy「この文書は新しい方針に関する」(このぶんしょはあたらしいほうしんにかんする). The discussion concerns environmental issues「その議論は環境問題に関する」(そのぎろんはかんきょうもんだいにかんする). Note that '関する' is typically followed by the particle 'に' to indicate the subject of relation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

341

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Together

Reading

Kanji

一One 緒Beginning, Together

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一緒に (いっしょに)' means 'together'. It is used to indicate that two or more people or things are doing something in unison or in the same place. This adverb is commonly used in invitations or when suggesting joint activities. For example: Let's go together「一緒に行きましょう」(いっしょにいきましょう). We ate together「一緒に食べました」(いっしょにたべました). It can also be used to express that something is done simultaneously or in combination, as in 'I will study together with my friend'「友達と一緒に勉強します」(ともだちといっしょにべんきょうします).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

342

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Give

Reading

Kanji

与Give, Involvement

Explanation

The Japanese verb '与える (あたえる)' means 'to give'. It is used to describe the act of providing something to someone, often in a formal or authoritative context. This verb can be used for tangible items, such as gifts or money, as well as intangible things like opportunities, rights, or responsibilities. For example: The teacher gave the students homework「先生は学生に宿題を与えた」(せんせいはがくせいにしゅくだいをあたえた). The government gave the citizens new rights「政府は市民に新しい権利を与えた」(せいふはしみんにあたらしいけんりをあたえた). Note that '与える' often implies a sense of authority or control over what is being given, distinguishing it from more casual verbs like 'あげる'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

343

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Already

Reading

Kanji

既Already, Previously

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '既に (すでに)' means 'already'. It is used to indicate that something has happened or been completed before the present moment or a specified time. This adverb often conveys a sense of something being settled or irreversible. For example: He has already left「彼は既に出発した」(かれはすでにしゅっぱつした). The train has already departed「電車は既に出発した」(でんしゃはすでにしゅっぱつした). It can also imply that something is too late or has passed the point of no return, as in 'It's already too late to change plans「既に計画を変えるには遅すぎる」(すでにけいかくをかえるにはおそすぎる)'. Note that '既に' is often used in formal or written contexts, while 'もう' is more common in casual speech.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

347

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Certain, Sure

Reading

Kanji

確Certain

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '確か (たしか)' is used to express certainty or sureness about something. It can be used to confirm information or to indicate that something is reliable or accurate. For example: I'm sure he will come「彼は確かに来るでしょう」(かれはたしかにくるでしょう). This is certainly the right way「これは確かに正しい方法です」(これはたしかにただしいほうほうです). It can also be used to recall something from memory, often with a sense of uncertainty, as in 'I think it was last year, but I'm not sure「確か去年だったと思うけど、確かじゃない」(たしかきょねんだったとおもうけど、たしかじゃない)'. The word can be used in both affirmative and negative contexts, and it often carries a nuance of seeking confirmation or reassurance.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

353

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Eat, Receive

Reading

Kanji

頂Crown, Accept

Explanation

The Japanese verb '頂く (いただく)' is a humble form of 'もらう' (to receive) and '食べる' (to eat). It is used to express receiving something from someone of higher status or to humbly express eating or drinking. This verb conveys respect and gratitude towards the giver or the act of consuming. For example: I received a gift from the teacher「先生からプレゼントを頂きました」(せんせいからぷれぜんとをいただきました). I will eat this meal「この食事を頂きます」(このしょくじをいただきます). The verb is often used in formal situations or when showing politeness.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

359

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Return

Reading

Kanji

戻Return

Explanation

The Japanese verb '戻る (もどる)' means 'to return' or 'to go back'. It is used to indicate the action of returning to a previous location, state, or condition. This verb is commonly used in everyday conversation and can refer to physical movement, such as returning home, or abstract concepts, like reverting to a previous state. For example: I will return home「家に戻ります」(いえにもどります). The situation returned to normal「状況が元に戻った」(じょうきょうがもとにもどった). Note that '戻る' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. To express returning something, the transitive verb '戻す (もどす)' is used instead.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

363

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sour

Reading

Kanji

酸Bitter, Acid

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '酸っぱい (すっぱい)' means 'sour'. It is used to describe a sharp, acidic taste, often associated with foods like lemons, vinegar, or unripe fruits. This word can also be used metaphorically to describe situations or emotions, such as jealousy or bitterness. For example: This lemon is sour「このレモンは酸っぱい」(このレモンはすっぱい). She made a sour face when she tasted the vinegar「彼女は酢を味わった時、酸っぱい顔をした」(かのじょはすをあじわったとき、すっぱいかおをした). The word is commonly used in everyday conversation and is straightforward in its meaning.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

364

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Early, Fast

Reading

Kanji

早Early, Fast

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '早い (はやい)' has two distinct meanings: 'early' and 'fast'. When used to mean 'early', it refers to something happening before the expected or usual time, such as arriving early or waking up early. For example: I woke up early「早く起きた」(はやくおきた). When used to mean 'fast', it describes something moving or happening quickly, such as a fast runner or a quick response. For example: This train is fast「この電車は早い」(このでんしゃははやい). The context usually clarifies which meaning is intended, but both are common and important to recognize.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

365

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Open

Reading

Kanji

開Open

Explanation

The Japanese verb '開く (ひらく)' primarily means 'to open'. It is used to describe the action of opening something, such as a door, a book, or an event. This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe opening opportunities or starting something new. For example: Please open the door「ドアを開いてください」(ドアをひらいてください). The store opens at 9 AM「その店は午前9時に開く」(そのみせはごぜんくじにひらく). Additionally, '開く' can be used in the context of events, such as 'The festival opens tomorrow'「その祭りは明日開く」(そのまつりはあしたひらく). Note that '開く' can also be read as 'あく', which has a slightly different nuance, often implying something opens by itself or is already open.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

366

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Die

Reading

Kanji

死Death

Explanation

The Japanese verb '死ぬ (しぬ)' means 'to die'. It is used to describe the act of ceasing to live, whether referring to humans, animals, or even plants. This verb is neutral in tone and can be used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: the bird died「鳥が死んだ」(とりがしんだ). He died in an accident「彼は事故で死んだ」(かれはじこでしんだ). It is important to note that '死ぬ' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. Additionally, it is often used in expressions like '死にたい (しにたい)' (want to die) or '死んでしまった (しんでしまった)' (has died), which convey strong emotional states or irreversible outcomes.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

368

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Follow, Obey

Reading

Kanji

従Follow, Obey

Explanation

The Japanese verb '従う (したがう)' can mean 'to obey' or 'to follow'. When used to mean 'obey', it refers to complying with rules, orders, or authority. For example: obey the law「法律に従う」(ほうりつにしたがう). When used to mean 'follow', it can refer to following a path, a sequence, or someone's lead. For example: follow the instructions「指示に従う」(しじにしたがう). The verb can also imply following a natural course or logic, such as in: the river follows the valley「川は谷に従って流れる」(かわはたににしたがってながれる).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

369

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stop

Reading

Kanji

止Stop

Explanation

The Japanese verb '止める (やめる)' means 'to stop' or 'to quit'. It is commonly used to indicate the cessation of an action, habit, or activity. For example: I stopped smoking「タバコをやめました」(たばこをやめました). She quit her job「彼女は仕事をやめた」(かのじょはしごとをやめた). This verb can also imply giving up something permanently or temporarily, depending on the context. It is often used in everyday conversations to express the act of discontinuing something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

373

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Request, Wish

Reading

Kanji

願Request, Wish

Explanation

The Japanese verb '願う (ねがう)' has two primary meanings: 'to wish' and 'to request'. When used to mean 'to wish', it expresses a desire or hope for something, often in a formal or earnest manner. For example: I wish for your happiness「あなたの幸せを願います」(あなたのしあわせをねがいます). When used to mean 'to request', it implies asking for something politely or formally, often in a written or official context. For example: I request your understanding「ご理解を願います」(ごりかいをねがいます). The verb is commonly used in formal settings, such as letters, speeches, or prayers, and carries a tone of sincerity and respect.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

374

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

And

Reading

Kanji

及Reach, Extend

Explanation

The Japanese conjunction '及び (および)' is used to connect nouns or noun phrases, similar to the English word 'and'. It is a formal conjunction often used in written language, official documents, or formal speech. Unlike the more casual 'と', '及び' is used to list items in a more structured or hierarchical manner. For example: apples and oranges「りんご及びオレンジ」(りんごおよびオレンジ). The law applies to adults and children「この法律は大人及び子供に適用される」(このほうりつはおとなおよびこどもにてきようされる). Note that '及び' is not used to connect sentences or clauses, only nouns or noun phrases.

Part Of Speech

conjunction

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

375

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sweet, Lenient

Reading

Kanji

甘Sweet

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '甘い (あまい)' primarily means 'sweet', referring to taste, but it can also mean 'lenient' or 'indulgent' when describing behavior or judgment. For example: this cake is sweet「このケーキは甘い」(このケーキはあまい). He is too lenient with his students「彼は生徒に甘い」(かれはせいとにあまい). The word can also imply naivety or being overly optimistic, as in '甘い考え (あまいかんがえ) (naive thinking)'. It's important to note that the context determines which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

379

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Young

Reading

Kanji

若Young

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '若い (わかい)' means 'young'. It is used to describe someone or something that is in the early stage of life or development. This word can be applied to people, animals, plants, or even abstract concepts like ideas or organizations. For example: She is young「彼女は若い」(かのじょはわかい). This tree is still young「この木はまだ若い」(このきはまだわかい). The adjective can also imply inexperience or freshness, as in '若い考え (わかいかんがえ) (young/naive idea)'. It is important to note that '若い' is often used in a positive or neutral context, but it can sometimes carry a nuance of immaturity depending on the situation.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

380

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dislike

Reading

Kanji

嫌Dislike

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '嫌い (きらい)' means 'dislike' or 'hate'. It is used to express a strong negative feeling towards something or someone. This word can be used to describe a general aversion or a specific dislike. For example: I dislike vegetables「野菜が嫌いです」(やさいがきらいです). He hates lies「彼は嘘が嫌いです」(かれはうそがきらいです). It is important to note that '嫌い' can also imply a sense of avoidance or reluctance, not just outright hatred. The nuance can vary depending on the context and the level of intensity in the speaker's tone.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

382

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Walk

Reading

Kanji

歩Walk

Explanation

The Japanese verb '歩く (あるく)' means 'to walk'. It is used to describe the action of moving on foot at a regular pace. This verb is commonly used in everyday conversation and can be applied to various contexts, such as walking to a destination, taking a stroll, or simply moving from one place to another on foot. For example: I walk to school every day「私は毎日学校に歩く」(わたしはまいにちがっこうであるく). Let's walk in the park「公園を歩きましょう」(こうえんであるきましょう). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe progress or movement in a non-literal sense, such as 'walking through life'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

384

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wait

Reading

Kanji

待Wait

Explanation

The Japanese verb '待つ (まつ)' means 'to wait'. It is used to describe the action of staying in a place or delaying action until a particular time or event occurs. This verb is commonly used in everyday conversations and can be paired with various particles to indicate what or whom one is waiting for. For example: I will wait for you「あなたを待つ」(あなたをまつ). Please wait a moment「ちょっと待ってください」(ちょっとまってください). The verb can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as waiting for an opportunity or waiting for something to happen. It is important to note that '待つ' is often used in its te-form '待って (まって)' when making requests or giving instructions.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

385

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Want

Reading

Kanji

欲Desire, Longing

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '欲しい (ほしい)' means 'want'. It is used to express a desire for something or someone. This word is often used to indicate that the speaker wants a specific object or outcome. For example: I want a new car「新しい車が欲しい」(あたらしいくるまがほしい). She wants that book「彼女はその本が欲しい」(かのじょはそのほんがほしい). It can also be used to express a desire for someone to do something, as in 'I want you to come with me'「一緒に来て欲しい」(いっしょにきてほしい). Note that '欲しい' is typically used for tangible objects or specific actions, and it conveys a personal desire.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

386

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Difference

Reading

Kanji

違Differ, Different

Explanation

The Japanese noun '違い (ちがい)' means 'difference'. It is used to describe a distinction or contrast between two or more things. This word is commonly used in comparisons or when pointing out discrepancies. For example: There is a big difference between these two「この二つには大きな違いがある」(このふたつにはおおきなちがいがある). I noticed the difference「違いに気づいた」(ちがいにきづいた). It can also be used in phrases like '違いがない (ちがいがない)' meaning 'there is no difference' or 'it makes no difference'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

388

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Request, Seek

Reading

Kanji

求Request, Seek

Explanation

The Japanese verb '求める (もとめる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to seek' or 'to look for', which is used when someone is searching for something, such as an object, information, or a solution. For example: He is seeking the truth「彼は真実を求めている」(かれはしんじつをもとめている). The second meaning is 'to request' or 'to demand', which is used when someone asks for something or requires a specific action. For example: The company requested a detailed report「会社は詳細なレポートを求めた」(かいしゃはしょうさいなレポートをもとめた). The verb can also imply a sense of necessity or desire, depending on the context. It is commonly used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

389

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

First

Reading

Kanji

初Beginning, First

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '初めて (はじめて)' means 'for the first time'. It is used to indicate that something is happening or being experienced for the very first time. This word is often used to express a sense of novelty or newness. For example: I went to Japan for the first time「初めて日本に行きました」(はじめてにほんにいきました). This is the first time I've eaten sushi「初めて寿司を食べました」(はじめてすしをたべました). It can also be used to describe the first occurrence of an event or action. Note that '初めて' is often used with verbs in the past tense to indicate that the action was done for the first time.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

392

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deep

Reading

Kanji

深Deep

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '深い (ふかい)' means 'deep'. It is used to describe physical depth, such as a deep hole or ocean, as well as abstract concepts like deep emotions, thoughts, or relationships. For example: The ocean is deep「海は深い」(うみはふかい). His thoughts are deep「彼の考えは深い」(かれのかんがえはふかい). It can also describe intensity, such as deep sleep or deep colors. For example: She is in a deep sleep「彼女は深い眠りについている」(かのじょはふかいねむりについている). The nuance of '深い' often implies something profound or significant beyond surface-level understanding.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

398

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Easy

Reading

Kanji

易Easy

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '易い (やすい)' is attached to the stem of verbs to indicate that something is easy to do. It conveys the idea that the action described by the verb is simple or effortless. For example: This book is easy to read「この本は読み易い」(このほんはよみやすい). This problem is easy to solve「この問題は解き易い」(このもんだいはときやすい). Note that '易い' is often written in hiragana as 'やすい' when used as a suffix. It is important to distinguish this from the adjective '安い (やすい)', which means 'cheap'.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

404

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Admit, Acknowledge

Reading

Kanji

認Recognize, Admit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '認める (みとめる)' primarily means 'to acknowledge' or 'to admit'. It is used when recognizing or accepting the existence, truth, or validity of something. This verb can be applied in various contexts, such as acknowledging a fact, admitting a mistake, or recognizing someone's achievements. For example: He acknowledged his mistake「彼は自分の間違いを認めた」(かれはじぶんのまちがいをみとめた). The company admitted the problem「会社は問題を認めた」(かいしゃはもんだいをみとめた). It's important to note that '認める' can also imply a formal or official recognition, such as in legal or professional settings.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

411

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Meet

Reading

Kanji

会Meet

Explanation

The Japanese verb '会う (あう)' means 'to meet'. It is used when referring to meeting someone, either intentionally or by chance. This verb is commonly used in social contexts and can imply a face-to-face meeting. For example: I met my friend at the station「駅で友達に会った」(えきでともだちにあった). Let's meet tomorrow「明日会いましょう」(あしたあいましょう). It is important to note that '会う' is often used with the particle 'に' to indicate the person being met, as in '友達に会う (ともだちにあう) (to meet a friend)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

412

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Something

Reading

Kanji

何What

Explanation

The Japanese noun '何か (なにか)' means 'something'. It is used to refer to an unspecified or unknown thing, object, or matter. This word is often used when the speaker is unsure or does not need to specify what they are referring to. For example: I want to eat something「何か食べたい」(なにかたべたい). Is there something wrong?「何かおかしいですか？」(なにかおかしいですか？). It can also be used in questions to ask if there is anything specific, as in 'Do you need something?「何か必要ですか？」(なにかひつようですか？)'. The word is versatile and can be used in various contexts, both formal and informal.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

413

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Continue

Reading

Kanji

続Continue

Explanation

The Japanese verb '続く (つづく)' means 'to continue' or 'to last'. It is used to describe an ongoing action, state, or sequence without interruption. This verb can be applied to various contexts, such as events, time, or physical phenomena. For example: The rain continued for three days「雨が三日間続いた」(あめがみっかかんつづいた). The road continues straight ahead「道はまっすぐ続いている」(みちはまっすぐつづいている). Additionally, '続く' can imply a connection or sequence, as in 'The story continues in the next chapter'「物語は次の章に続く」(ものがたりはつぎのしょうにつづく). It is a versatile verb often used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

420

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Until now

Reading

Kanji

今Now

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '今まで (いままで)' means 'until now' or 'so far'. It is used to refer to the period of time leading up to the present moment. This adverb is often used to describe situations, actions, or states that have persisted or occurred up to the current time. For example: I had never been there until now「今までそこに行ったことがなかった」(いままでそこにいったことがなかった). So far, everything has been fine「今まで、すべて順調だった」(いままで、すべてじゅんちょうだった).It can also be used to express a change in a state or situation, as in the example: Until now, I had never thought about it「今まで、それを考えたことがなかった」(いままで、それをかんがえたことがなかった).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

421

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Going

Reading

Kanji

行Go

Explanation

The Japanese noun '行き (いき)' means 'going' or 'direction to a destination'. It is often used to indicate the destination or direction of travel, such as in transportation contexts. For example: the train bound for Tokyo「東京行きの電車」(とうきょういきのでんしゃ). This bus is going to the station「このバスは駅行きです」(このバスはえきいきです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe the direction or purpose of an action or plan. Note that '行き' is the noun form derived from the verb '行く (いく)', meaning 'to go'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

429

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Size

Reading

Kanji

大Big

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大きさ (おおきさ)' refers to the physical dimensions or magnitude of something, commonly translated as 'size'. It is used to describe how big or small an object, space, or concept is. For example: the size of this box is perfect「この箱の大きさは完璧です」(このはこのおおきさはかんぺきです). The size of the universe is unimaginable「宇宙の大きさは想像を絶します」(うちゅうのおおきさはそうぞうをたっします). This word is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

434

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Head, Face

Reading

Kanji

向Facing, Yonder

Explanation

The Japanese verb '向かう (むかう)' can mean 'to head (toward)' or 'to face (a direction or situation)'. It is used to indicate movement toward a destination or confronting a situation. For example: he is heading toward the station「彼は駅に向かっている」(かれはえきにむかっている). We must face the challenges「私たちは課題に向かわなければならない」(わたしたちはかだいにむかわなければならない). The verb can also imply a sense of purpose or determination in the direction one is moving or facing.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

437

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Born

Reading

Kanji

生Life

Explanation

The Japanese verb '生まれる (うまれる)' means 'to be born'. It is used to describe the event of coming into existence, typically referring to the birth of a living being. This verb is often used in the context of someone's birth or the origin of something. For example: I was born in Tokyo「私は東京で生まれました」(わたしはとうきょうでうまれました). A new idea was born「新しいアイデアが生まれた」(あたらしいアイデアがうまれた). The verb is intransitive, meaning it does not take a direct object, and it is commonly used in the past tense to describe when someone or something was born.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

439

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Not at all

Reading

Kanji

少Few

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '少しも (すこしも)' is used to emphasize the complete absence or negation of something, often translated as 'not at all' or 'not even a little'. It is typically used in negative sentences to stress that there is no degree or amount of something. For example: I don't understand at all「少しも分からない」(すこしもわからない). He didn't eat even a little「彼は少しも食べなかった」(かれはすこしもたべなかった). This adverb is often paired with negative verbs or adjectives to reinforce the negation.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

440

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Most

Reading

Kanji

最Most

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '最も (もっとも)' means 'most' and is used to indicate the highest degree or extreme level of something. It is often used in comparisons or to emphasize a superlative quality. For example: This is the most important thing「これが最も重要なことです」(これがもっともじゅうようなことです). He is the most talented person in the group「彼はグループの中で最も才能のある人です」(かれはグループのなかでもっともさいのうのあるひとです). The adverb can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as '最も良い方法 (もっともよいほうほう) (the best method)'. Note that '最も' is formal and is often used in written or formal spoken Japanese.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

441

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Many

Reading

Kanji

多Many

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '多く (おおく)' means 'many' or 'much'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or number of something. This word is often used in formal or written contexts and can modify nouns, verbs, or entire sentences. For example: Many people came to the event「多くの人がイベントに来た」(おおくのひとがイベントにきた). He has much experience「彼は多くの経験を持っている」(かれはおおくのけいけんをもっている). Note that '多く' can also function as a noun, meaning 'the majority' or 'most', as in '多くは賛成した (おおくはさんせいした) (Most agreed).'

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

444

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Show

Reading

Kanji

見See

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見せる (みせる)' means 'to show' or 'to display'. It is used when someone presents or reveals something to another person, often with the intention of sharing information, proving a point, or allowing someone to see something. For example: I will show you the photo「写真を見せます」(しゃしんをみせます). She showed me her new dress「彼女は新しいドレスを見せた」(かのじょはあたらしいドレスをみせた). The verb can also imply a sense of demonstration or exhibition, as in 'He showed his skills'「彼は自分のスキルを見せた」(かれはじぶんのスキルをみせた). Note that the verb often takes an indirect object marked by 'に' to indicate to whom something is shown, as in 'I showed it to my friend'「友達に見せた」(ともだちにみせた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

448

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ascent

Reading

Kanji

上Up

Explanation

The Japanese noun '上り (のぼり)' refers to the act of ascending or going upward. It is often used in contexts related to climbing, such as climbing a mountain or stairs. For example: The ascent of the mountain was tough「山の上りは大変だった」(やまののぼりはたいへんだった). The train is on the ascent「電車は上りだ」(でんしゃはのぼりだ). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe progress or improvement in various situations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

449

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Descent

Reading

Kanji

下Down

Explanation

The Japanese noun '下り (くだり)' refers to a 'descent' or 'downward movement'. It is often used in contexts related to traveling or moving downward, such as descending a mountain or a train heading away from a major city. For example: The descent was steep「下りは急だった」(くだりはきゅうだった). The train bound for Kyoto is a down train「京都行きの電車は下りです」(きょうとゆきのでんしゃはくだりです). This term can also be used metaphorically to describe a decline or decrease in status, quality, or quantity.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

455

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hit, Win

Reading

Kanji

当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese verb '当たる (あたる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to hit' or 'to strike', often used in the context of something physically hitting or coming into contact with something else. For example: The ball hit the wall「ボールが壁に当たった」(ボールがかべにあたった). The second meaning is 'to win', typically used in the context of winning a prize or lottery. For example: I won the lottery「宝くじに当たった」(たからくじにあたった). The verb can also be used metaphorically, such as when guessing correctly or being right about something. For instance: My guess was right「私の予想が当たった」(わたしのよそうがあたった). The context in which '当たる' is used will determine its specific meaning, so it's important to pay attention to the surrounding words and phrases.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

456

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

End

Reading

Kanji

終End

Explanation

The Japanese verb '終わる (おわる)' means 'to end' or 'to finish'. It is used to describe the conclusion of an event, activity, or period of time. This verb is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: The meeting ended「会議が終わった」(かいぎがおわった). The movie will end soon「映画はもうすぐ終わる」(えいがはもうすぐおわる). When used in the passive form, it can imply that something has come to an end naturally or without direct intervention, as in 'The party ended without any problems'「パーティーは問題なく終わった」(パーティーはもんだいなくおわった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

457

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Alone

Reading

Kanji

一One 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一人で (ひとりで)' means 'alone' or 'by oneself'. It is used to describe doing something without the help or company of others. This adverb is often used to emphasize independence or solitude in an action. For example: I went to the park alone「一人で公園に行った」(ひとりでこうえんにいった). She solved the problem by herself「彼女は一人で問題を解決した」(かのじょはひとりでもんだいをかいけつした). Note that '一人で' can also imply a sense of self-reliance or doing something without assistance, as in '一人で勉強する (ひとりでべんきょうする) (to study alone/independently)'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

465

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Feeling

Reading

Kanji

感Feeling, Sensation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '感じ (かんじ)' means 'feeling'. It refers to the sensation, impression, or atmosphere that something or someone gives off. It can describe both physical sensations and emotional impressions. For example: I have a good feeling about this「これにはいい感じがする」(これにはいいかんじがする). The atmosphere of this place is nice「この場所の感じがいい」(このばしょのかんじがいい). It can also be used to describe the texture or vibe of something, such as 'the feel of the fabric'「布の感じ」(ぬのかんじ). This word is versatile and often used in casual and formal contexts alike.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

467

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ride, Board

Reading

Kanji

乗Ride

Explanation

The Japanese verb '乗る (のる)' primarily means 'to ride' or 'to board'. It is used when getting on or into a vehicle, such as a train, bus, or bicycle. For example: I will ride the train「電車に乗る」(でんしゃにのる). She boarded the bus「彼女はバスに乗った」(かのじょはバスにのった). Additionally, it can be used metaphorically, such as 'to go along with' or 'to take advantage of', as in 'to ride the wave of success'. However, the most common usage is related to transportation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

469

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Remain

Reading

Kanji

残Remainder

Explanation

The Japanese verb '残る (のこる)' means 'to remain' or 'to be left over'. It is used to describe something that stays behind or continues to exist after other things have been removed, used, or have disappeared. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as physical objects, time, or abstract concepts. For example: There is still some food left「まだ食べ物が残っている」(まだたべものがのこっている). Only a few minutes remain「あと数分しか残っていない」(あとすうふんしかのこっていない). The memory of that day remains「あの日の記憶が残っている」(あのひのきおくがのこっている). It is important to note that '残る' often implies that something is left in a state that was not originally intended or expected.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

471

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

State

Reading

Kanji

述State, Mention

Explanation

The Japanese verb '述べる (のべる)' means 'to state' or 'to express'. It is used when someone is formally or clearly stating an opinion, fact, or explanation. This verb is often used in written or formal contexts, such as essays, reports, or speeches. For example: He stated his opinion clearly「彼は意見を述べた」(かれはけんをのべた). The professor explained the theory in detail「教授は理論を詳しく述べた」(きょうじゅはりろんをくわしくのべた). Note that '述べる' carries a nuance of formality and clarity, distinguishing it from more casual verbs like '言う (いう)' (to say).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

476

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Add

Reading

Kanji

足Foot, Sufficient

Explanation

The Japanese verb '足す (たす)' means 'to add'. It is commonly used in mathematical contexts or when combining quantities. For example: add sugar to the tea「お茶に砂糖を足す」(おちゃにさとうをたす). It can also be used metaphorically, such as adding effort to achieve something. Another example: add more effort to your work「仕事にもっと力を足す」(しごとにもっとちからをたす). The verb is often used in casual and formal settings alike, making it versatile in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

487

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Be

Reading

Kanji

御Honorable, General honorific term 座Sit, Seat

Explanation

The Japanese verb '御座る (ござる)' is a humble or polite form of the verb 'to be'. It is often used in formal or respectful contexts, such as when speaking to someone of higher status or in ceremonial settings. This verb is a more polite version of 'ある (aru)' or 'いる (iru)', which also mean 'to be'. For example: The book is here「本が御座います」(ほんがございます). The teacher is present「先生が御座います」(せんせいがございます). It's important to note that 'ござる' is often conjugated to 'ございます' in modern usage to show even greater politeness.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

497

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stand, Establish

Reading

Kanji

立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese verb '立てる (たてる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to stand', which refers to causing something to stand upright or to set something in an upright position. For example: I stood the broom in the corner「ほうきを隅に立てた」(ほうきをすみにたてた). The second meaning is 'to establish', which refers to creating or setting up something, such as a plan, theory, or organization. For example: They established a new company「彼らは新しい会社を立てた」(かれらはあたらしいかいしゃをたてた). The verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts depending on the object it is paired with.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

499

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Always, Without fail

Reading

Kanji

必Inevitable, Certain

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '必ず (かならず)' conveys a sense of certainty or inevitability. It is used to express that something will definitely happen or is guaranteed to occur. This word is often used in promises, instructions, or when emphasizing the certainty of an outcome. For example: I will always help you「必ずあなたを助けます」(かならずあなたをたすけます). The train will arrive on time without fail「電車は必ず時間通りに来ます」(でんしゃはかならずじかんどおりにきます). Note that '必ず' is stronger than 'いつも (always)' and implies a guarantee rather than a general tendency.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

502

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Moreover

Reading

Kanji

然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese conjunction '然も (しかも)' is used to add information that emphasizes or strengthens the previous statement, similar to 'moreover', 'furthermore', or 'what's more'. It often introduces an additional point that is surprising or unexpected in relation to the preceding context. For example: He is smart, and moreover, he is kind「彼は頭がいい、しかも優しい」(かれはあたまがいい、しかもやさしい). The food was delicious, and what's more, it was cheap「その料理は美味しかった、しかも安かった」(そのりょうりはおいしかった、しかもやすかった). This conjunction is commonly used in both written and spoken Japanese to build on a point or highlight something noteworthy.

Part Of Speech

conjunction

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

503

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rice field

Reading

Kanji

田Rice field

Explanation

The Japanese noun '田んぼ (たんぼ)' refers to a 'rice field' or 'paddy field', which is a flooded parcel of arable land used for growing rice. This term is commonly used in rural areas and is essential in Japanese agriculture. Example sentences: The rice field is vast「田んぼが広い」(たんぼがひろい). We planted rice in the rice field「田んぼに稲を植えた」(たんぼにいねをうえた). The term is often associated with traditional Japanese landscapes and farming practices.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

504

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Answer

Reading

Kanji

答Answer

Explanation

The Japanese verb '答える (こたえる)' means 'to answer'. It is used when responding to a question, request, or situation. This verb is commonly paired with the particle 'に' to indicate what is being answered. For example: I answered the question「質問に答えた」(しつもんにこたえた). He answered politely「彼は丁寧に答えた」(かれはていねいにこたえた). Note that '答える' can also imply a response to a challenge or expectation, such as in '期待に答える (きたいにこたえる)' (to live up to expectations).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

510

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Work

Reading

Kanji

働Work

Explanation

The Japanese verb '働く (はたらく)' means 'to work'. It is commonly used to describe the act of performing a job or labor, whether in a professional, physical, or general sense. This verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as working at a company, working hard, or even functioning (e.g., a machine). For example: I work at a company「私は会社で働く」(わたしはかいしゃではたらく). The machine works well「その機械はよく働く」(そのきかいよくはたらく). Note that '働く' is often used in formal and informal settings alike, making it a fundamental verb in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

513

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

We

Reading

Kanji

私Private, Me

Explanation

The Japanese noun '私たち (わたしたち)' means 'we'. It is a first-person plural pronoun used to refer to a group that includes the speaker. This word is gender-neutral and is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: we are friends「私たちは友達です」(わたしたちはともだちです). We went to the park「私たちは公園に行きました」(わたしたちはこうえんにいきました). It is important to note that '私たち' is often used to emphasize inclusivity, as it explicitly includes the speaker in the group being referred to.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

514

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Send

Reading

Kanji

送Send

Explanation

The Japanese verb '送る (おくる)' primarily means 'to send'. It is used when referring to sending physical items, such as letters or packages, as well as abstract things like messages or emails. For example: I will send a letter「手紙を送ります」(てがみをおくります). He sent me an email「彼は私にメールを送りました」(かれはわたしにメールをおくりました). Additionally, '送る' can also be used in the context of spending time or seeing someone off, but these uses are less common and context-dependent. For example: We spent a peaceful evening「平和な夜を送りました」(へいわなよるをおくりました). I saw my friend off at the station「友達を駅で送りました」(ともだちをえきでおくりました).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

517

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Begin

Reading

Kanji

始Begin

Explanation

The Japanese verb '始まる (はじまる)' means 'to begin' or 'to start'. It is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. This verb is commonly used to indicate the start of events, activities, or processes. For example: The meeting will begin soon「会議はすぐに始まります」(かいぎはすぐにはじまります). The festival starts tomorrow「祭りは明日始まります」(まつりはあしたはじまります). Note that '始まる' is often used in contrast to '始める (はじめる)', which is the transitive form of the verb and requires a direct object. For instance, '始める' would be used when someone starts something, like 'I will start the project'「プロジェクトを始めます」(ぷろじぇくとをはじめます).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

519

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Like

Reading

Kanji

気Spirit 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese verb '気に入る (きにいる)' means 'to like' or 'to be fond of'. It is used to express that someone finds something pleasing or to their taste. This phrase is often used when talking about preferences for objects, places, or even people. For example: I really like this bag「このバッグがとても気に入る」(このバッグがとてもきにいる). She likes the new cafe「彼女は新しいカフェを気に入る」(かのじょはあたらしいカフェをきにいる). Note that '気に入る' is often used in its past tense form '気に入った (きにいった)' to indicate that something has been liked or found pleasing.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

523

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Contain, Include

Reading

Kanji

含Contain, Include

Explanation

The Japanese verb '含む (ふくむ)' primarily means 'to include' or 'to contain'. It is used to indicate that something is part of a larger whole or that something holds something else within it. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as in discussions about ingredients, components, or abstract concepts. For example: This drink contains alcohol「この飲み物はアルコールを含む」(こののみものはアルコールをふくむ). The price includes tax「その価格は税を含む」(そのかかくはぜいをふくむ). It can also be used metaphorically, as in 'Her words contained a hidden meaning'「彼女の言葉には隠された意味が含まれていた」(かのじょのことばにはかくされたいみがふくまれていた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

528

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clear, Sunny

Reading

Kanji

晴Clear

Explanation

The Japanese noun '晴れ (はれ)' primarily refers to clear or sunny weather. It is used to describe a state of the sky when there are no clouds, and the sun is shining brightly. This word can also be used metaphorically to describe a person's mood or a situation that is bright and cheerful. For example: Today is clear「今日は晴れです」(きょうははれです). The weather forecast says it will be sunny tomorrow「天気予報では明日は晴れだそうです」(てんきよほうではあしたははれだそうです). It's important to note that '晴れ' is often used in weather forecasts and everyday conversations about the weather.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

529

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clear

Reading

Kanji

明Bright

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '明らか (あきらか)' means 'clear' or 'obvious'. It is used to describe something that is evident, apparent, or easily understood. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to emphasize clarity or certainty. For example: The truth is clear「真実は明らかだ」(しんじつはあきらかだ). It is obvious that he is lying「彼が嘘をついているのは明らかだ」(かれがうそをついているのはあきらかだ). The results are clear「結果は明らかだ」(けっかはあきらかだ). Note that '明らか' is often followed by the copula 'だ' or 'です' to form a complete statement.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

530

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Happen

Reading

Kanji

起Wake up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '起こる (おこる)' means 'to happen' or 'to occur'. It is used to describe events or incidents that take place, often unexpectedly or naturally. This verb is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: An accident happened「事故が起こった」(じこがおこった). A big earthquake occurred「大きな地震が起こった」(おおきなじしんがおこった). The verb '起こる' is intransitive, meaning it does not take a direct object. It is often used with natural phenomena, accidents, or significant events. Note that '起こる' is different from '起きる (おきる)', which can mean 'to wake up' or 'to occur' but is more commonly used for waking up.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

531

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Involve

Reading

Kanji

関Barrier, Related

Explanation

The Japanese verb '関わる (かかわる)' means 'to be involved in' or 'to relate to'. It is used to describe a connection, involvement, or relevance to a particular matter, situation, or person. This verb often implies a significant or meaningful connection rather than a superficial one. For example: This decision involves everyone「この決定は全員に関わる」(このけっていはぜんいんにかかわる). His work is related to environmental issues「彼の仕事は環境問題に関わる」(かれのしごとはかんきょうもんだいにかかわる). The verb can also be used in negative contexts, such as 'I don't want to be involved in this matter'「この件には関わりたくない」(このけんにはかかわりたくない).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

533

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Forget

Reading

Kanji

忘Forget

Explanation

The Japanese verb '忘れる (わすれる)' means 'to forget'. It is used when someone fails to remember something, whether it be information, an event, or an object. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as forgetting a task, a person, or even one's own belongings. For example: I forgot my wallet「財布を忘れました」(さいふをわすれました). Don't forget to call me「電話するのを忘れないで」(でんわするのをわすれないで). The verb can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as forgetting a feeling or a past experience. It is important to note that '忘れる' is often used with the particle 'を' to indicate the object that is forgotten.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

534

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

End

Reading

Kanji

済Finish, Settle

Explanation

The Japanese verb '済む (すむ)' primarily means 'to end' or 'to be finished'. It is used to indicate the completion of an action, task, or event. This verb can also imply that something has been resolved or taken care of, often with a sense of relief or finality. For example: The meeting ended「会議が済んだ」(かいぎがすんだ). I finished my homework「宿題が済んだ」(しゅくだいがすんだ). Additionally, '済む' can be used in expressions like '済まない (すまない)', which conveys a sense of apology or regret, meaning 'I'm sorry' or 'I owe you one'. For example: I'm sorry for the trouble「ご迷惑をおかけして済みません」(ごめいわくをおかけしてすみません).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

540

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Laugh

Reading

Kanji

笑Laugh

Explanation

The Japanese verb '笑う (わらう)' means 'to laugh'. It is used to describe the action of laughing, whether it's due to humor, joy, or even nervousness. This verb is commonly used in everyday conversation and can be conjugated to fit various tenses and forms. For example: he laughed「彼は笑った」(かれはわらった). She always laughs at my jokes「彼女はいつも私の冗談に笑う」(かのじょはいつもわたしのじょうだんにわらう). The verb can also be used in a figurative sense to describe something that is amusing or laughable, as in 'that idea is laughable'「その考えは笑える」(そのかんがえはわらえる).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

541

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Do

Reading

Kanji

為Do, Sake

Explanation

The Japanese verb '為さる (なさる)' is a highly respectful and honorific form of the verb 'する (to do)'. It is used to show deep respect towards the person performing the action, often when referring to someone of higher status or authority. This verb is commonly used in formal or polite contexts. For example: What will the teacher do?「先生は何をなさいますか？」(せんせいはなにをなさいますか？). Please do as you like「どうぞご自由になさってください」(どうぞごじゆうになさってください). Note that '為さる' is often used in combination with honorific prefixes like 'ご' or 'お' to further elevate the politeness level, as in 'ご覧になる (ごらんになる)' or 'お召しになる (おめしになる)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

543

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Change

Reading

Kanji

変Change, Abnormal

Explanation

The Japanese verb '変える (かえる)' means 'to change'. This verb is used to indicate the action of altering or transforming something. It can be applied to a wide range of contexts, such as changing plans, changing one's appearance, or changing the state of an object. For example: I will change my plans「予定を変えます」(よていをかえます). She changed her hairstyle「彼女は髪型を変えた」(かのじょはかみがたをかえた). It's important to note that '変える' is a transitive verb, meaning it requires a direct object to indicate what is being changed.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

545

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pull, Catch

Reading

Kanji

引Pull

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引く (ひく)' has multiple meanings depending on the context. The primary meaning is 'to pull,' which refers to the action of drawing something towards oneself or in a particular direction. For example: He pulled the door open「彼はドアを引いて開けた」(かれはドアをひいてあけた). Another common meaning is 'to catch' (as in catching a cold or illness). For example: I caught a cold「風邪を引いた」(かぜをひいた). The verb can also be used in various idiomatic expressions, such as 'to subtract' (引き算, ひきざん) or 'to consult a dictionary' (辞書を引く, じしょをひく). The specific meaning is often determined by the context in which the verb is used.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

549

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recently

Reading

Kanji

間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'この間 (このあいだ)' refers to a recent but unspecified time in the past, often translated as 'recently' or 'the other day'. It is used to talk about events or situations that happened not long ago, but without specifying the exact date or time. For example: I met him recently「この間彼に会った」(このあいだかれにあった). We went to that restaurant recently「この間あのレストランに行った」(このあいだあのレストランにいった). This word is commonly used in casual conversations and implies a sense of closeness in time.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

550

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Area

Reading

Kanji

辺Boundary, Vicinity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '辺り (あたり)' refers to a general area or vicinity. It is often used to describe the surrounding area of a specific location. This word can be used in various contexts, such as indicating the area around a place, or the general vicinity of an event. For example: The area around the station is lively「駅の辺りは賑やかです」(えきのあたりはにぎやかです). I think I left my bag somewhere around here「カバンをこの辺りに置いたと思います」(かばんをこのあたりにおいたとおもいます). Note that '辺り' can also imply a sense of approximation or vagueness when referring to a location.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

552

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Height

Reading

Kanji

高High, Expensive

Explanation

The Japanese noun '高さ (たかさ)' refers to the measurement of how tall or high something is. It is commonly used to describe the vertical extent of objects, structures, or natural features. For example: the height of the mountain「山の高さ」(やまのたかさ). The height of the building is impressive「その建物の高さは印象的です」(そのたてもののたかさはいんしょうてきです). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe the level or degree of something, such as 'the height of success'「成功の高さ」(せいこうのたかさ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

555

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sell

Reading

Kanji

売Sell

Explanation

The Japanese verb '売る (うる)' means 'to sell'. It is used when referring to the act of exchanging goods or services for money. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as selling items in a store, selling a car, or even selling an idea. For example: I will sell this book「この本を売ります」(このほんをうります). He sells vegetables at the market「彼は市場で野菜を売る」(かれはいちばでやさいをうる). The verb can also be used in its negative form to indicate not selling something, as in '売らない (うらない) (not sell)'. Additionally, it can be combined with other verbs to form compound verbs, such as '売り切れる (うりきれる) (to sell out)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

557

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Advance, Progress

Reading

Kanji

進Advance

Explanation

The Japanese verb '進む (すすむ)' primarily means 'to advance' or 'to progress'. It is used to describe forward movement, whether physical, such as moving ahead in space, or metaphorical, such as making progress in a project or situation. For example: The car advanced slowly「車はゆっくり進んだ」(くるまはゆっくりすすんだ). The project is progressing well「プロジェクトは順調に進んでいる」(プロジェクトはじゅんちょうにすすんでいる). Additionally, '進む' can also imply moving forward in time or making a decision, as in: Time advances quickly「時間は早く進む」(じかんははやくすすむ). He decided to proceed with the plan「彼はその計画を進めることにした」(かれはそのけいかくをすすめることにした).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

558

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cross

Reading

Kanji

渡Cross, Transit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '渡る (わたる)' means 'to cross'. It is used when referring to physically crossing something, such as a street, river, or bridge. It can also be used metaphorically to describe crossing over into a different state or condition. For example: I crossed the street「道を渡った」(みちをわたった). The bird crossed the river「鳥は川を渡った」(とりはかわをわたった). In a metaphorical sense, it can be used as in 'to cross over to the other side'「向こう側に渡る」(むこうがわにわたる). The verb is often used with the particle 'を' to indicate the thing being crossed.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

559

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Choose

Reading

Kanji

選Choose

Explanation

The Japanese verb '選ぶ (えらぶ)' means 'to choose'. It is used when selecting or picking something from a set of options. This verb can be applied to various contexts, such as choosing items, people, or decisions. For example: I chose the red one「赤いのを選びました」(あかいのをえらびました). She chose her career path carefully「彼女はキャリアパスを慎重に選びました」(かのじょはキャリアパスをしんちょうにえらびました). The verb can also imply a thoughtful or deliberate selection process, often carrying a nuance of careful consideration.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

560

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thought

Reading

Kanji

思Think

Explanation

The Japanese noun '思い (おもい)' primarily means 'thought' or 'feeling'. It refers to the mental process of thinking, as well as the emotions or sentiments that arise from those thoughts. This word is often used to express deep or heartfelt emotions, such as love, longing, or concern. For example: I have strong feelings for you「あなたへの思いが強い」(あなたへのおもいがつよい). My thoughts are with you「あなたへの思いを寄せています」(あなたへのおもいをよせています). It can also be used in a more general sense to describe thoughts or ideas, as in 'I have a thought「思いがある」(おもいがある)'. The word '思い' is versatile and can be used in various contexts to convey both cognitive and emotional aspects of the human experience.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

562

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Small

Reading

Kanji

小Small

Explanation

The Japanese determiner '小さな (ちいさな)' is used to describe something as 'small'. It is similar in meaning to the adjective '小さい (ちいさい)', but '小さな' is specifically used before nouns to modify them directly, often carrying a slightly more poetic or emotional nuance. For example: a small bird「小さな鳥」(ちいさなとり). a small dream「小さな夢」(ちいさなゆめ). Unlike '小さい', which can stand alone as a predicate, '小さな' must always be followed by a noun. This determiner is often used in literature or storytelling to evoke a sense of intimacy or delicacy.

Part Of Speech

determiner

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

566

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Run

Reading

Kanji

走Run

Explanation

The Japanese verb '走る (はしる)' means 'to run'. It is used to describe the action of moving quickly on foot, typically faster than walking. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as running in a race, running away from something, or even metaphorically, like a river running through a valley. For example: I run every morning「私は毎朝走る」(わたしはまいあさはしる). The river runs through the valley「川が谷間を走る」(かわがたにまをはしる). It's important to note that '走る' can also be used in compound verbs, such as '駆け走る (かけはしる)' which means 'to dash' or 'to sprint'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

570

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

My

Reading

Kanji

我Self, Ego

Explanation

The Japanese determiner '我が (わが)' is an archaic or formal way to say 'my' or 'our'. It is often used in literary, formal, or poetic contexts to convey a sense of pride, possession, or belonging. For example: my country「我が国」(わがくに). our school「我が校」(わがこう). It is less commonly used in everyday conversation, where '私の (わたしの)' or '私たちの (わたしたちの)' are more typical. Note that '我が' is often followed by a noun, as in '我が家 (わがいえ) (my home)'.

Part Of Speech

determiner

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

576

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Appear

Reading

Kanji

現Appear, Current

Explanation

The Japanese verb '現われる (あらわれる)' means 'to appear' or 'to emerge'. It is used to describe something or someone becoming visible or coming into existence. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as physical appearance, the emergence of phenomena, or the manifestation of abstract concepts. For example: The sun appeared from behind the clouds「太陽が雲の後ろから現われた」(たいようがくものうしろからあらわれた). A new problem has emerged「新しい問題が現われた」(あたらしいもんだいがあらわれた). The verb is often used in situations where something becomes noticeable or comes into view after not being seen or known before.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

577

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lunch break

Reading

Kanji

昼Daytime, Noon 休Rest

Explanation

The Japanese noun '昼休み (ひるやすみ)' refers to a 'lunch break' or 'midday break'. It is commonly used to describe the break time during the day, typically around noon, when people take a pause from work or school to eat lunch and rest. This term is widely used in both professional and educational settings. For example: I will go to the park during lunch break「昼休みに公園に行きます」(ひるやすみにこうえんにいきます). Let's meet at the cafeteria during the lunch break「昼休みにカフェテリアで会いましょう」(ひるやすみにカフェテリアであいましょう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

578

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Live

Reading

Kanji

住Live

Explanation

The Japanese verb '住む (すむ)' means 'to live' or 'to reside'. It is used to describe where someone lives or resides, whether it's a city, country, or specific type of dwelling. This verb is commonly used in everyday conversation to talk about one's place of residence. For example: I live in Tokyo「私は東京に住んでいます」(わたしはとうきょうにすんでいます). They live in a big house「彼らは大きな家に住んでいる」(かれらはおおきないえにすんでいる). It can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as 'living in peace'「平和に住む」(へいわにすむ). Note that this verb is often paired with location particles like に (ni) to indicate the place of residence.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

580

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Difficult

Reading

Kanji

難Difficult

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '難い (がたい)' is used to express that something is difficult or hard to do. It is often attached to the stem of verbs to convey that the action is challenging or nearly impossible to achieve. This suffix carries a nuance of something being not just difficult, but also rare or unlikely. For example: it's hard to believe「信じがたい」(しんじがたい). It's difficult to refuse「断りがたい」(ことわりがたい). Note that '難い (がたい)' is typically used in written or formal contexts, and it is less common in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

591

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting