Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Frequency of Use

word

Meaning

Arm

Reading

Kanji

腕Ability, Arm

Explanation

The Japanese noun '腕 (うで)' primarily refers to the 'arm', specifically the part of the body from the shoulder to the hand. It is commonly used in everyday conversation to talk about physical arms, but it can also metaphorically refer to one's skill or ability, especially in a professional or artistic context. For example: He has strong arms「彼は腕が強い」(かれはうでがつよい). She is skilled at cooking「彼女は料理の腕がいい」(かのじょはりょうりのうでがいい). The word can also appear in idiomatic expressions, such as '腕を磨く (うでをみがく)', which means 'to hone one's skills'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1001

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sudden

Reading

Kanji

急Urgent

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '急 (きゅう)' means 'sudden' or 'urgent'. It is used to describe situations or events that happen quickly or require immediate attention. This word can be used in various contexts, such as describing a sudden change, an urgent matter, or a steep slope. For example: a sudden stop「急な停止」(きゅうなていし). An urgent matter「急な用事」(きゅうなようじ). A steep hill「急な坂」(きゅうなさか). It is important to note that '急' is often used in combination with other words to form compound nouns or phrases, such as '急行 (きゅうこう)' (express train) or '急病 (きゅうびょう)' (sudden illness).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1002

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Express, Rush

Reading

Kanji

急Urgent 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese noun '急行 (きゅうこう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'express', referring to a type of train or bus that makes fewer stops to reach its destination faster. For example: I took the express train「急行に乗りました」(きゅうこうにのりました). The second meaning is 'rush', referring to a hurried or urgent action. For example: He left in a rush「彼は急行で出かけました」(かれはきゅうこうででかけました). The context usually clarifies which meaning is intended, as the first is related to transportation, while the second is related to speed or urgency in actions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1003

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flow

Reading

Kanji

流Flow

Explanation

The Japanese verb '流れる (ながれる)' means 'to flow'. It is commonly used to describe the movement of liquids, such as water in a river, but can also be used metaphorically to describe the passage of time, the movement of air, or even abstract concepts like emotions. For example: The river flows「川が流れる」(かわがながれる). Time flows quickly「時間が流れるのは早い」(じかんがながれるのははやい). The wind flows through the trees「風が木々の間を流れる」(かぜがきぎのあいだをながれる). This verb is often used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it versatile in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1004

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Language

Reading

Kanji

言Say 語Language, Word

Explanation

The Japanese noun '言語 (げんご)' refers to 'language', specifically the system of communication used by a particular community or country. It encompasses spoken, written, and signed forms of communication. This term is often used in academic, technical, or formal contexts. For example: He studies foreign languages「彼は外国語を勉強しています」(かれはがいこくごをべんきょうしています). The evolution of language is fascinating「言語の進化は魅力的です」(げんごのしんかはみりょくてきです). Note that '言語' is more formal than the more commonly used '言葉 (ことば)', which can also mean 'language' but often refers to words or speech in a more general sense.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1005

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stamp

Reading

Kanji

切Cut 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '切手 (きって)' refers to a postage stamp, which is a small piece of paper issued by a post office, prepaid and affixed to mail as evidence of payment of postage. It is commonly used when sending letters or postcards. For example: I bought a stamp「切手を買いました」(きってをかいました). This stamp is beautiful「この切手はきれいです」(このきってはきれいです). The word '切手' is often used in contexts related to mailing and postal services, and it is a standard term in everyday Japanese for referring to postage stamps.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1006

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sellout

Reading

Kanji

売Sell 切Cut

Explanation

The Japanese verb '売り切れる (うりきれる)' means 'to sell out' or 'to be sold out'. This verb is used to describe a situation where all items of a particular product have been sold and none remain in stock. It is commonly used in retail and shopping contexts. For example: The concert tickets sold out quickly「コンサートのチケットはすぐに売り切れた」(コンサートのチケットはすぐにうりきれた). The new smartphone model has already sold out「新しいスマートフォンのモデルはもう売り切れている」(あたらしいスマートフォンのモデルはもううりきれている). It's important to note that this verb is often used in its past tense form to indicate that something has already sold out.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1007

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Probably

Reading

Kanji

多Many 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '多分 (たぶん)' means 'probably' or 'perhaps'. It is used to express uncertainty or likelihood about a situation or event. This word is commonly used in casual conversations and can be placed at the beginning or middle of a sentence. For example: He will probably come tomorrow「多分彼は明日来る」(たぶんかれはあしたくる). It will probably rain「多分雨が降る」(たぶんあめがふる). Note that '多分' conveys a sense of speculation and is less definitive than words like 'きっと' (certainly).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1008

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sold out

Reading

Kanji

売Sell 切Cut

Explanation

The Japanese noun '売り切れ (うりきれ)' means 'sold out'. It is used to indicate that all items of a particular product have been sold and are no longer available. This term is commonly seen in retail, online shopping, and event ticketing contexts. For example: The concert tickets are sold out「コンサートのチケットは売り切れです」(コンサートのチケットはうりきれです). The new smartphone model is already sold out「新しいスマートフォンのモデルはもう売り切れです」(あたらしいスマートフォンのモデルはもううりきれです). It is important to note that '売り切れ' is often used in formal and informal settings alike, and it can be combined with other words to specify what is sold out, such as '売り切れ商品 (うりきれしょうひん)' meaning 'sold-out product'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1009

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mistake

Reading

Kanji

間Interval, Space 違Differ, Different

Explanation

The Japanese noun '間違い (まちがい)' means 'mistake' or 'error'. It refers to something that is incorrect or done wrongly. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to acknowledge or point out errors. For example: That is a mistake「それは間違いです」(それはまちがいです). I made a mistake「間違いをしました」(まちがいをしました). It can also be used in compound phrases like '間違い電話 (まちがいでんわ)' which means 'wrong number call'. The word carries a neutral tone and is often used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1010

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Professor

Reading

Kanji

教Teach 授Instruct, Confer

Explanation

The Japanese noun '教授 (きょうじゅ)' refers to a 'professor', typically in an academic or educational setting. This term is used to denote someone who holds a high-ranking teaching position at a university or college. It can also be used more broadly to refer to someone who is an expert in a particular field and imparts knowledge. For example: The professor is giving a lecture「教授が講義をしています」(きょうじゅがこうぎをしています). I respect my professor「私は教授を尊敬しています」(わたしはきょうじゅをそんけいしています). The term is formal and is often used in professional or academic contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1011

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Visa

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ビザ (biza)' refers to a 'visa', which is an official document or endorsement in a passport that allows the holder to enter, stay, or leave a country for a specified period of time. This term is commonly used in contexts related to travel, immigration, and international law. For example: I need a visa to travel to Japan「日本に旅行するためにビザが必要です」(にほんにりょこうするためにびざがひつようです). She applied for a work visa「彼女は就労ビザを申請しました」(かのじょはしゅうろうびざをしんせいしました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1012

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ticket

Reading

Kanji

切Cut 符Token, Symbol

Explanation

The Japanese noun '切符 (きっぷ)' refers to a 'ticket', typically used for transportation such as trains, buses, or airplanes. It can also refer to tickets for events or other services. This word is commonly used in daily life when purchasing or using tickets. For example: I bought a train ticket「電車の切符を買いました」(でんしゃのきっぷをかいました). Please show your ticket「切符を見せてください」(きっぷをみせてください). The word is straightforward and widely understood in contexts involving travel or entry to events.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1013

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mood

Reading

Kanji

気Spirit 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese noun '気分 (きぶん)' refers to one's mood or emotional state. It can describe how someone feels emotionally or physically at a given moment. For example: I'm in a good mood today「今日は気分がいい」(きょうはきぶんがいい). She's in a bad mood「彼女は気分が悪い」(かのじょはきぶんがわるい). Additionally, '気分' can also refer to the atmosphere or vibe of a place or situation, such as: The atmosphere here is relaxing「ここは気分が落ち着く」(ここはきぶんがおちつく). Note that '気分' is often used in contexts related to emotional well-being or the general feeling of a situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1014

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ticket

Reading

Kanji

入Enter 場Place 券Ticket

Explanation

The Japanese noun '入場券 (にゅうじょうけん)' refers to a 'ticket' specifically for entering a venue, such as a theater, museum, or event. It is commonly used in contexts where admission is required. For example: I bought a ticket for the concert「コンサートの入場券を買いました」(コンサートのにゅうじょうけんをかいました). Please show your ticket at the entrance「入り口で入場券を見せてください」(いりぐちでにゅうじょうけんをみせてください). This word is distinct from other types of tickets, such as transportation tickets, as it specifically pertains to entry.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1015

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

History

Reading

Kanji

史History

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '史 (し)' means 'history'. It is often used as a suffix in compound words to denote a field or study related to history. For example: Japanese history「日本史」(にほんし). World history「世界史」(せかいし). This suffix is commonly used in academic contexts and is attached to nouns to form terms that refer to the history of a specific subject, place, or era. It is important to note that '史' is not used as a standalone word but rather as a part of compound words.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1016

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rent

Reading

Kanji

家House 賃Rent, Fare

Explanation

The Japanese noun '家賃 (やちん)' refers to the payment made for the use of a property, typically a house or apartment. It is a common term used in discussions about housing and living expenses. For example: The rent is expensive「家賃が高い」(やちんがたかい). I pay the rent every month「毎月家賃を払う」(まいつきやちんをはらう). It's important to note that '家賃' specifically refers to the rent for living spaces, distinguishing it from other types of rent such as for vehicles or equipment.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1017

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Europe

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun 'ヨーロッパ (youroppa)' refers to the continent of Europe. It is used in the same way as the English word 'Europe' and can refer to the continent as a whole or to European countries collectively. For example: I want to travel to Europe「ヨーロッパに旅行したいです」(ヨーロッパにりょこうしたいです). Europe has many historical sites「ヨーロッパには多くの歴史的な場所があります」(ヨーロッパにはおおくのれきしてきなばしょがあります). The word is commonly used in discussions about geography, culture, or travel.

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Frequency

1018

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Scary

Reading

Kanji

怖Fearful, Dreadful

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '怖い (こわい)' means 'scary' or 'frightening'. It is used to describe something that causes fear or unease. This can apply to situations, objects, or even people. For example: That movie was scary「あの映画は怖かった」(あのえいがはこわかった). I'm scared of ghosts「幽霊が怖い」(ゆうれいがこわい). The adjective can also express a sense of dread or anxiety, as in 'I'm scared of failing the test (テストに落ちるのが怖い) (テストにおちるのがこわい)'. Note that '怖い' is often used in casual conversation to describe something that is unsettling or intimidating.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1019

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discard

Reading

Kanji

捨Abandon, Discard

Explanation

The Japanese verb '捨てる (すてる)' means 'to discard' or 'to throw away'. It is used when getting rid of something that is no longer needed or wanted. This verb can be applied to physical objects, as well as abstract concepts like habits or feelings. For example: I threw away the old books「古い本を捨てた」(ふるいほんをすてた). She discarded her bad habits「彼女は悪い習慣を捨てた」(かのじょはわるいしゅうかんをすてた). It can also imply abandoning or giving up on something, such as in: He gave up on his dream「彼は夢を捨てた」(かれはゆめをすてた). The verb is often used in everyday situations, such as disposing of trash or letting go of unnecessary items.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1020

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Level

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'レベル (reberu)' means 'level'. It is often used to describe the degree, standard, or stage of something, such as skill, difficulty, or quality. This word is borrowed from English and is commonly used in various contexts, including education, gaming, and everyday conversation. For example: His English level is high「彼の英語のレベルは高い」(かれのえいごのレベルはたかい). The difficulty level of this game is low「このゲームの難易度レベルは低い」(このゲームのなんいどレベルはひくい). It can also refer to physical levels, such as floors in a building: The meeting is on the third level「会議は3階レベルです」(かいぎはさんかいレベルです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1021

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wear

Reading

Kanji

着Arrive, Wear

Explanation

The Japanese verb '着る (きる)' means 'to wear' and is specifically used for clothing that covers the upper body, such as shirts, jackets, or dresses. It is not used for accessories, footwear, or lower-body clothing like pants or skirts. For example: I wear a coat「コートを着る」(コートをきる). She is wearing a beautiful dress「彼女はきれいなドレスを着ている」(かのじょはきれいなドレスをきている). The verb is often paired with the particle 'を' to indicate the object being worn. Note that '着る' is a ru-verb and conjugates accordingly.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1022

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Decision

Reading

Kanji

決Decide 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '決定 (けってい)' means 'decision'. It refers to the act of making a choice or reaching a conclusion after consideration. This term is often used in formal or official contexts, such as in business, legal matters, or organizational settings. For example: The decision has been made「決定がなされた」(けっていがなされた). We need to make a decision soon「早く決定を下す必要がある」(はやくけっていをくだすひつようがある). The word can also be used as a verb in its stem form, such as '決定する (けっていする)', which means 'to decide'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1023

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Horse

Reading

Kanji

馬Horse

Explanation

The Japanese noun '馬 (うま)' means 'horse'. This word refers to the animal, specifically the domesticated species Equus ferus caballus. It is commonly used in everyday language as well as in idiomatic expressions. For example: I saw a horse at the farm「牧場で馬を見た」(ぼくじょうでうまをみた). The horse is running fast「馬が速く走っている」(うまがはやくはしっている). In Japanese culture, horses have historical significance, often associated with samurai and traditional festivals. The word can also appear in compound words, such as '競馬 (けいば)' (horse racing).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1024

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Interest

Reading

Kanji

興Interest, Entertain 味Flavor

Explanation

The Japanese noun '興味 (きょうみ)' means 'interest'. It refers to a feeling of curiosity or concern about something, leading to a desire to learn or know more about it. This word is often used in contexts involving hobbies, studies, or general curiosity. For example: I have an interest in Japanese culture「私は日本文化に興味があります」(わたしはにほんぶんかにおもしろみがあります). She showed interest in the new project「彼女は新しいプロジェクトに興味を示しました」(かのじょはあたらしいプロジェクトにきょうみをしめしました). The word can also be used in negative forms to express a lack of interest, as in 'I have no interest in sports'「私はスポーツに興味がありません」(わたしはスポーツにきょうみがありません).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1025

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fixed

Reading

Kanji

一One 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '一定 (いってい)' means 'fixed' or 'constant'. It is used to describe something that remains unchanged or consistent over time. This term is often used in contexts such as rules, standards, or conditions that do not vary. For example: The temperature is kept at a fixed level「温度は一定に保たれている」(おんどはいっていにたもたれている). The company has a fixed policy on this matter「会社はこの件について一定のポリシーを持っている」(かいしゃはこのけんについていっていのポリシーをもっている). It can also imply a certain level or degree, as in '一定の理解 (いっていのりかい) (a certain level of understanding)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1026

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Commuter pass

Reading

Kanji

定Determine 期Time, Period 券Ticket

Explanation

The Japanese noun '定期券 (ていきけん)' refers to a 'commuter pass', which is a type of ticket used for regular travel, typically between home and work or school, on public transportation systems like trains or buses. This pass is usually valid for a set period, such as one month, three months, or six months, and offers unlimited travel within the specified route during that time. Example sentences: I bought a commuter pass「定期券を買いました」(ていきけんをかいました). He lost his commuter pass「彼は定期券をなくしました」(かれはていきけんをなくしました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1027

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plan

Reading

Kanji

予Beforehand 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '予定 (よてい)' means 'plan'. It is used to refer to a scheduled event, arrangement, or intention. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to discuss future plans or schedules. For example: I have plans for tomorrow「明日は予定があります」(あしたはよていがあります). What are your plans for the weekend?「週末の予定は何ですか？」(しゅうまつのよていはなんですか？). It can also be used to indicate something that is expected or likely to happen, as in 'The meeting is scheduled for 3 PM'「会議は3時の予定です」(かいぎは3じのよていです).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1028

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Future

Reading

Kanji

将Leader, Commander 来Come

Explanation

The Japanese noun '将来 (しょうらい)' refers to the 'future' in terms of time or prospects. It is commonly used to discuss future plans, aspirations, or possibilities. For example: I want to think about my future「将来について考えたい」(しょうらいについてかんがえたい). His future is bright「彼の将来は明るい」(かれのしょうらいはあかるい). This word is often used in contexts related to career, education, or personal goals, emphasizing a forward-looking perspective.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1029

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Weather forecast

Reading

Kanji

天Heaven 気Spirit 予Beforehand 報Report, News

Explanation

The Japanese noun '天気予報 (てんきよほう)' means 'weather forecast'. It refers to the prediction of weather conditions for a specific time and place, typically provided by meteorological services. This term is commonly used in daily conversations, news broadcasts, and weather reports. For example: The weather forecast says it will rain tomorrow「天気予報によると、明日は雨が降るそうです」(てんきよほうによると、あしたはあめがふるそうです). I always check the weather forecast before going out「出かける前にはいつも天気予報をチェックします」(でかけるまえにはいつもてんきよほうをチェックします).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1030

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Week

Reading

Kanji

週Week 間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '週間 (しゅうかん)' means 'week' and is used to indicate a period of time lasting seven days. It is commonly attached to numbers or other words to specify a duration in weeks. For example: two weeks「二週間」(にしゅうかん). This suffix is often used in contexts like schedules, events, or time frames. For instance: the festival lasts for three weeks「祭りは三週間続きます」(まつりはさんしゅうかんつづきます). It is important to note that '週間' is a noun and is typically used in combination with other words to form compound nouns.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1031

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ethnicity

Reading

Kanji

民People, Nation 族Family

Explanation

The Japanese noun '民族 (みんぞく)' refers to 'ethnicity' or 'ethnic group'. It is used to describe a group of people who share common cultural, linguistic, or ancestral traits. This term is often used in discussions about cultural identity, history, or diversity. For example: Japan is a country with a single dominant ethnicity「日本は単一民族の国です」(にほんはたんいつみんぞくのくにです). The festival celebrates the traditions of various ethnic groups「その祭りはさまざまな民族の伝統を祝います」(そのまつりはさまざまなみんぞくのでんとうをいわいます). The word can also be used in academic or political contexts to discuss ethnic relations or issues.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1032

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Preparation

Reading

Kanji

予Beforehand 習Learn

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '予習 (よしゅう)' refers to the act of preparing or studying something in advance, particularly in an academic context. It is commonly used to describe the preparation done before a class or lesson, such as reading ahead or reviewing materials. For example: I did preparation for tomorrow's class「明日の授業の予習をしました」(あしたのじゅぎょうのよしゅうをしました). Preparation is important for understanding the lesson「予習は授業を理解するために大切です」(よしゅうはじゅぎょうをりかいするためにたいせつです). This term is often paired with '復習 (ふくしゅう)', which means 'review' or 'revision', to emphasize the cycle of preparation and review in learning.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1033

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Life

Reading

Kanji

命Command, Life

Explanation

The Japanese noun '命 (いのち)' means 'life'. It refers to the existence of a living being, encompassing both the physical and spiritual aspects of life. This word is often used in contexts that emphasize the preciousness or fragility of life. For example: Life is precious「命は大切だ」(いのちはたいせつだ). He risked his life to save the child「彼は子供を救うために命をかけた」(かれはこどもをすくうためにいのちをかけた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is essential or vital to existence, such as 'the life of a project' or 'the life of a community'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1034

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Married couple

Reading

Kanji

夫Man, Husband 婦Lady

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夫婦 (ふうふ)' means 'married couple'. This word refers to two people who are married to each other, regardless of gender. It is used to describe the relationship between the spouses. For example: They are a married couple 「彼らは夫婦です」 (かれらはふうふです). The married couple went on a trip 「夫婦は旅行に行きました」 (ふうふはりょこうにいきました). Note that this word is neutral and does not imply any particular marital status other than being married.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1035

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

So called

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese determiner 'いわゆる (iwayuru)' is used to refer to something that is commonly known or referred to in a particular way, often implying that the term or description is widely recognized or conventional. It can be used to introduce a term or concept that is familiar to the listener or reader. For example: the so-called experts「いわゆる専門家」(いわゆるせんもんか). This is the so-called 'Japanese way'「これがいわゆる『日本流』です」(これがいわゆる『にほんりゅう』です). Note that 'いわゆる' is often used to highlight a term or concept that may be subject to interpretation or debate, and it can carry a slightly nuanced or critical tone depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

determiner

Frequency

1036

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reservation

Reading

Kanji

予Beforehand 約Promise, Approximately

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '予約 (よやく)' means 'reservation'. It is commonly used to refer to booking or reserving something in advance, such as a table at a restaurant, a hotel room, or tickets for an event. For example: I made a reservation for dinner「夕食の予約をしました」(ゆうしょくのよやくをしました). Do you have a reservation?「予約はありますか？」(よやくはありますか？). This word is often used in formal and informal contexts alike, and it is essential for planning and organizing events or services in Japan.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1037

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Promise

Reading

Kanji

約Promise, Approximately 束Bundle, Bind

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '約束 (やくそく)' means 'promise'. It refers to a commitment or assurance that one will do something or that a particular thing will happen. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to indicate a pledge or agreement between people. For example: I made a promise to my friend「友達と約束をした」(ともだちとやくそくをした). He broke his promise「彼は約束を破った」(かれはやくそくをやぶった). It can also be used in phrases like '約束を守る (やくそくをまもる)' (to keep a promise) or '約束を果たす (やくそくをはたす)' (to fulfill a promise).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1038

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fire

Reading

Kanji

火Fire

Explanation

The Japanese noun '火 (ひ)' means 'fire'. It refers to the phenomenon of combustion, producing heat and light. This word is commonly used in various contexts, such as describing actual fire, fire-related incidents, or even metaphorically to describe passion or intensity. For example: The fire is hot「火は熱い」(ひはあつい). Be careful with fire「火に気をつけて」(ひにきをつけて). Additionally, '火' can be part of compound words, such as '火事 (かじ)' meaning 'fire (as in a fire incident)' or '火山 (かざん)' meaning 'volcano'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1039

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rarely

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'めったに (めったに)' means 'rarely' or 'seldom'. It is used to express that something happens infrequently or almost never. This adverb is typically used in negative sentences, often paired with 'ない' or 'ません' to emphasize the rarity of an action or event. For example: I rarely go to the movies「めったに映画を見に行かない」(めったにえいがをみにいかない). He rarely gets angry「彼はめったに怒らない」(かれはめったにおこらない). The word carries a nuance of something being uncommon or unusual, and it is often used to highlight exceptions rather than regular occurrences.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1040

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Slightly, Barely

Reading

Kanji

僅A wee bit

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '僅か (わずか)' is used to indicate a small amount or degree. It can mean 'slightly' or 'barely', depending on the context. This word is often used to emphasize how little or minimal something is. For example: The difference is slight「その違いは僅かだ」(そのちがいはわずかだ). He barely passed the exam「彼は僅かに試験に合格した」(かれはわずかにしけんにごうかくした). Note that '僅か' can also be used as a noun, as in '僅かな時間 (わずかなじかん) (a little time)'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1041

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Summer

Reading

Kanji

夏Summer

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夏 (なつ)' means 'summer'. It refers to the hottest season of the year, typically associated with warm weather, vacations, and festivals in Japan. This word is commonly used in daily conversations, literature, and media to describe the season or events occurring during this time. For example: I love summer「夏が大好きです」(なつがだいすきです). Summer in Japan is hot「日本の夏は暑い」(にほんのなつはあつい). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '夏休み (なつやすみ)' (summer vacation) or '夏祭り (なつまつり)' (summer festival).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1042

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strange

Reading

Kanji

変Change, Abnormal

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '変 (へん)' means 'strange' or 'weird'. It is used to describe something that is unusual, odd, or out of the ordinary. This word can be applied to situations, behaviors, or objects. For example: That person is strange「あの人は変だ」(あのひとはへんだ). This situation is weird「この状況は変だ」(このじょうきょうはへんだ). It can also be used to describe a change in state, such as '変な音 (へんなおと) (strange sound)' or '変な感じ (へんなかんじ) (weird feeling)'. Note that '変' can also function as a noun meaning 'change' in certain contexts, but this usage is less common compared to its adjectival meaning.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1043

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Severe, Strict

Reading

Kanji

厳Severe, Strict

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '厳しい (きびしい)' can mean 'strict' or 'severe', depending on the context. When used to describe a person, it often refers to someone who is strict or demanding, such as a teacher or parent. For example: my teacher is strict「私の先生は厳しい」(わたしのせんせいはきびしい). When used to describe a situation or condition, it can mean 'severe' or 'harsh', such as in the case of weather or rules. For example: the winter is severe「冬は厳しい」(ふゆはきびしい). This adjective can also be used to describe something that is difficult or challenging, such as a test or competition. For example: the exam was tough「試験は厳しかった」(しけんはきびしかった).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1044

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Change, Variation

Reading

Kanji

変Change, Abnormal 化Change

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '変化 (へんか)' primarily means 'change' or 'variation'. It refers to a transformation or alteration in state, form, or condition. This word is often used in contexts involving physical, chemical, or abstract changes. For example: The weather changes quickly「天気が急に変化する」(てんきがきゅうにへんかする). There is a variation in color「色に変化がある」(いろにへんかがある). It can also be used in scientific contexts, such as describing chemical changes or biological mutations. The word is neutral and can be applied to both positive and negative changes.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1045

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strengthening, Enhancement

Reading

Kanji

強Strong 化Change

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '強化 (きょうか)' refers to the act of making something stronger or more effective. It is commonly used in contexts such as improving systems, skills, or materials. For example: The company is strengthening its security measures「会社はセキュリティを強化しています」(かいしゃはセキュリティをきょうかしています). We need to enhance our skills「私たちはスキルを強化する必要があります」(わたしたちはスキルをきょうかするひつようがあります). This term is often used in both technical and everyday contexts to describe the process of making improvements or increasing capabilities.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1046

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reference

Reading

Kanji

参Participate 考Think, Consider

Explanation

The Japanese noun '参考 (さんこう)' means 'reference'. It is used to indicate something that is consulted for information or guidance. This word is commonly used in academic, professional, and everyday contexts when referring to materials, data, or advice that helps in making decisions or understanding a topic. For example: Please use this book as a reference「この本を参考にしてください」(このほんをさんこうにしてください). This data is for reference only「このデータは参考までです」(このデータはさんこうまでです). The word can also imply that the information is supplementary and not definitive.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1047

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cat

Reading

Kanji

猫Cat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '猫 (ねこ)' means 'cat'. This word refers to the domestic feline animal, commonly kept as a pet. It can be used in various contexts, such as describing a pet, talking about cats in general, or even in idiomatic expressions. For example: I have a cat「猫を飼っています」(ねこをかっています). The cat is sleeping「猫が寝ている」(ねこがねている). Cats are cute「猫はかわいい」(ねこはかわいい). The word '猫' is straightforward and widely used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1048

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exactly

Reading

Kanji

正Correct

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '正に (まさに)' means 'exactly' or 'precisely'. It is used to emphasize that something is exactly as stated or expected, often in situations where timing, accuracy, or truthfulness is highlighted. For example: This is exactly what I wanted「これは正に私が欲しかったものだ」(これはまさにわたしがほしかったものだ). He is precisely the person we need「彼は正に私たちが必要としている人だ」(かれはまさにわたしたちがひつようとしているひとだ). The word can also convey a sense of inevitability or appropriateness, as in 'It was exactly as predicted'「それは正に予測通りだった」(それはまさによそくどおりだった).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1049

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Receive, Welcome

Reading

Kanji

迎Welcome

Explanation

The Japanese verb '迎える (むかえる)' primarily means 'to welcome' or 'to receive'. It is used when someone or something is being welcomed or received, often in a formal or ceremonial context. For example: We welcomed the new year「新年を迎えた」(しんねんをむかえた). The company received a new CEO「会社は新しいCEOを迎えた」(かいしゃはあたらしいCEOをむかえた). This verb can also be used in more casual settings, such as welcoming guests to a home. It's important to note that '迎える' often implies a sense of anticipation or preparation for the arrival of someone or something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1050

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Window

Reading

Kanji

窓Window

Explanation

The Japanese noun '窓 (まど)' means 'window'. This word refers to an opening in a wall or door that allows light and air to enter and provides a view of the outside. It is commonly used in everyday conversation and can refer to windows in buildings, vehicles, or other structures. For example: Please close the window「窓を閉めてください」(まどをしめてください). The window is open「窓が開いている」(まどがあいている). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a 'window of opportunity' or a 'window into someone's thoughts'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1051

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sky

Reading

Kanji

空Sky, Empty

Explanation

The Japanese noun '空 (そら)' primarily means 'sky'. It refers to the expanse of space over the earth, often associated with the heavens or the atmosphere. This word is commonly used in both everyday conversation and poetic expressions. For example: The sky is blue「空は青い」(そらはあおい). I looked up at the sky「空を見上げた」(そらをみあげた). Additionally, '空' can sometimes be used metaphorically to describe something vast or limitless, such as one's imagination or potential. However, in this context, we focus on its primary meaning as 'sky'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1052

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tie

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ネクタイ (nekutai)' refers to a 'tie', specifically the necktie worn as part of formal attire. It is a loanword from the English 'necktie'. This word is commonly used in contexts related to business attire, formal events, or fashion. For example: He is wearing a red tie「彼は赤いネクタイをしている」(かれはあかいネクタイをしている). I bought a new tie for the meeting「会議のために新しいネクタイを買った」(かいぎのためにあたらしいネクタイをかった). The word is typically used in its katakana form, reflecting its foreign origin.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1053

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mutual

Reading

Kanji

相Mutual

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '相 (あい)' is used to indicate mutual or reciprocal actions, relationships, or states. It is often attached to nouns or verbs to convey a sense of shared or joint involvement. For example: mutual love「相愛」(あいあい). mutual understanding「相互理解」(そうごりかい). It can also be used in compound words to express a sense of togetherness or collaboration, such as in '相助 (あいじょ) (mutual assistance)' or '相乗り (あいのり) (carpooling)'. This suffix is commonly used in formal or literary contexts and adds a nuanced layer of reciprocity to the base word.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1054

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Vehicle

Reading

Kanji

乗Ride 物Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '乗り物 (のりもの)' refers to a 'vehicle' or 'means of transportation'. It is a general term that can be used to describe any mode of transport, such as cars, buses, trains, bicycles, or even boats. This word is often used in everyday conversations when discussing travel or commuting. For example: I use public transportation to go to work「私は仕事に行くのに公共交通機関の乗り物を使います」(わたしはしごとにいくのにこうきょうこうつうきかんののりものをつかいます). Children love riding amusement park rides「子供たちは遊園地の乗り物に乗るのが大好きです」(こどもたちはゆうえんちののりものにのるのがだいすきです). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe something that helps you achieve a goal or move forward in life.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1055

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nationwide

Reading

Kanji

全Whole, All 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese noun '全国 (ぜんこく)' means 'nationwide' or 'the whole country'. It refers to something that encompasses or relates to the entire nation, rather than a specific region or locality. This term is often used in contexts such as nationwide events, nationwide surveys, or nationwide distribution. For example: The typhoon affected the whole country「台風は全国に影響を与えた」(たいふうはぜんこくにえいきょうをあたえた). This product is sold nationwide「この商品は全国で販売されている」(このしょうひんはぜんこくではんばいされている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1056

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kind, Type

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'タイプ (taipu)' primarily means 'type' or 'kind'. It is often used to categorize or classify things, people, or ideas based on shared characteristics. For example: What type of music do you like?「どんなタイプの音楽が好きですか？」(どんなタイプのおんがくがすきですか？). She is not my type「彼女は私のタイプじゃない」(かのじょはわたしのタイプじゃない). The word can also refer to someone's romantic or physical preferences, as in 'my type' or 'not my type'. It is a versatile term borrowed from English and widely used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1057

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Come off

Reading

Kanji

取Take

Explanation

The Japanese verb '取れる (とれる)' means that something can be removed or comes off easily. It is often used to describe things like stains, labels, or parts of an object that can detach. For example: The label comes off easily 「ラベルが簡単に取れる」 (ラベルがかんたんにとれる). This stain won't come off 「この汚れは取れない」 (このよごれはとれない). It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as when referring to impressions or feelings being removed. For example: The tension finally came off 「緊張がやっと取れた」 (きんちょうがやっととれた). Note that '取れる' is the potential form of the verb '取る (とる)', which means 'to take' or 'to remove'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1058

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Violin

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'バイオリン (baiorin)' refers to the musical instrument known as the 'violin'. It is a string instrument played with a bow, commonly used in classical music, but also in various other genres. Example sentences: She plays the violin beautifully「彼女はバイオリンを美しく弾く」(かのじょはバイオリンをうつくしくひく). I bought a new violin「新しいバイオリンを買いました」(あたらしいバイオリンをかいました). The word 'バイオリン' is a direct loanword from English, reflecting the influence of Western music in Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1059

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Song

Reading

Kanji

曲Music, Bend

Explanation

The Japanese noun '曲 (きょく)' primarily means 'song' or 'musical piece'. It refers to a composition of music, often with lyrics, but can also denote instrumental pieces. This word is commonly used in contexts related to music, such as discussing favorite songs, composing music, or performing. For example: This is my favorite song「これは私の好きな曲です」(これはわたしのすきなきょくです). He composed a new song「彼は新しい曲を作った」(かれはあたらしいきょくをつくった). While '曲' can sometimes refer to a 'tune' or 'melody', its primary and most frequent usage is to denote a complete song.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1060

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Blood

Reading

Kanji

血Blood

Explanation

The Japanese noun '血 (ち)' means 'blood'. It refers to the red liquid that circulates in the arteries and veins of humans and other animals, carrying oxygen and nutrients. This word is often used in both literal and metaphorical contexts. For example: There is blood on the floor「床に血がある」(ゆかにちがある). Blood is important for life「血は命にとって重要だ」(ちはいのちにとってじゅうようだ). In Japanese culture, '血' can also symbolize family lineage or heritage, as in '血縁 (けつえん)' meaning 'blood relation'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1061

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kyoto

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun 'キョウト' refers to the city of Kyoto, which is located in the Kansai region of Japan. Kyoto is renowned for its historical significance, as it served as the capital of Japan for over a thousand years before the capital was moved to Tokyo. The city is famous for its numerous temples, shrines, and traditional wooden houses, as well as its cultural heritage, including tea ceremonies, geisha, and traditional crafts. Example sentences: I visited Kyoto last year「去年キョウトに行きました」(きょねんキョウトにいきました). Kyoto is beautiful in autumn「キョウトは秋が美しい」(キョウトはあきがうつくしい).

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Frequency

1062

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oh

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese interjection 'あっ' (a-) is a short, sudden exclamation used to express surprise, realization, or a quick reaction to something unexpected. It is often used in casual conversation and can be paired with other expressions to convey different emotions. For example: Oh, I forgot!「あっ、忘れた！」(あっ、わすれた！). Oh, it's you!「あっ、あなただったの！」(あっ、あなただったの！). This interjection is typically brief and can be used in various situations where a quick reaction is needed.

Part Of Speech

interjection

Frequency

1063

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Passport

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'パスポート (pasupouto)' refers to a 'passport', which is an official document issued by a government, certifying the holder's identity and citizenship and entitling them to travel under its protection to and from foreign countries. This word is a direct loanword from English, and it is commonly used in everyday conversation when discussing travel or international matters. For example: I need to renew my passport「パスポートを更新する必要があります」(ぱすぽーとをこうしんするひつようがあります). Please show your passport at the counter「カウンターでパスポートを見せてください」(かうんたーでぱすぽーとをみせてください).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1064

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Anyway

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'とにかく (tonikaku)' means 'anyway' or 'in any case'. It is used to indicate that something should be done or considered regardless of other factors or details. It often conveys a sense of urgency or prioritization. For example: Anyway, let's go「とにかく行きましょう」(とにかくいきましょう). I don't know the details, but anyway, it's important「詳細はわからないけど、とにかく大事だ」(しょうさいはわからないけど、とにかくだいじだ). This word can also imply a dismissal of other concerns, as in 'Anyway, let's not worry about that now'「とにかく、今は気にしないでおこう」(とにかく、いまはきにしないでおこう).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1065

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Jacket

Reading

Kanji

上Up 着Arrive, Wear

Explanation

The Japanese noun '上着 (うわぎ)' refers to an outer garment worn over other clothes, typically a jacket or coat. It is commonly used to describe any type of upper-body outerwear, such as blazers, coats, or even casual jackets. For example: I bought a new jacket「新しい上着を買いました」(あたらしいうわぎをかいました). Please hang your jacket here「上着をここに掛けてください」(うわぎをここにかけてください). The word is often used in everyday conversations, especially when discussing clothing or weather-related attire.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1066

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Show

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese suffix 'がる (garu)' is attached to adjectives or adjectival nouns to indicate that someone is showing or displaying a certain feeling or state. It is often used to describe observable behavior or reactions that suggest an emotion or condition. For example: he seems happy「彼は嬉しがっている」(かれはうれしがっている). The child appears scared「その子は怖がっている」(そのこはこわがっている). Note that 'がる' is typically used in the third person to describe others' emotions or states, rather than one's own.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Frequency

1067

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Best

Reading

Kanji

最Most 高High, Expensive

Explanation

The Japanese noun '最高 (さいこう)' means 'best' or 'highest'. It is used to describe something that is of the utmost quality, excellence, or degree. This word can be applied to a wide range of contexts, such as experiences, objects, or achievements. For example: This is the best day ever!「今日は最高の日だ！」(きょうはさいこうのひだ！). The view from here is the best「ここからの景色は最高だ」(ここからのけしきはさいこうだ). It can also be used to express extreme satisfaction or excitement, as in '最高！(さいこう！)' which translates to 'Awesome!' or 'The best!'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1068

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Seat

Reading

Kanji

席Seat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '席 (せき)' primarily means 'seat'. It refers to a place to sit, such as in a theater, train, or at a table. This word is commonly used in various contexts, such as reserving a seat or finding a seat in a crowded place. For example: Please take a seat「席に座ってください」(せきにすわってください). The seat is reserved「その席は予約済みです」(そのせきはよやくずみです). Additionally, '席' can sometimes imply a position or role in a social or professional setting, such as a seat in a meeting or a position in a company, but the primary meaning remains 'seat'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1069

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Famous

Reading

Kanji

有Exist 名Name

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '有名 (ゆうめい)' means 'famous'. It is used to describe someone or something that is widely known or recognized. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: He is a famous actor「彼は有名な俳優です」(かれはゆうめいなはいゆうです). This restaurant is famous for its ramen「このレストランはラーメンで有名です」(このレストランはラーメンでゆうめいです). The word '有名' can be used to describe people, places, things, or events that have gained recognition or popularity.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1070

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Useful

Reading

Kanji

役Duty 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese verb '役に立つ (やくにたつ)' means 'to be useful' or 'to be helpful'. It is commonly used to describe something or someone that provides practical assistance or value. This verb is often used in everyday conversations to express gratitude or to acknowledge the usefulness of an object, advice, or a person. For example: This book is useful「この本は役に立つ」(このほんはやくにたつ). Your advice was very helpful「あなたのアドバイスはとても役に立った」(あなたのアドバイスはとてもやくにたった). Note that '役に立つ' is often used in its past tense form '役に立った' to indicate that something was useful in the past.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1071

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Firmly

Reading

Kanji

確Certain

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '確り (しっかり)' means 'firmly' or 'steadily'. It is often used to describe actions done with care, attention, or reliability. It can also imply mental or emotional stability. For example: Hold it firmly「しっかり持って」(しっかりもって). She studies hard「彼女はしっかり勉強する」(かのじょはしっかりべんきょうする). Additionally, it can be used to encourage someone to stay strong or focused, as in 'Stay strong! (しっかりして！)'. This word conveys a sense of dependability and thoroughness in actions or attitudes.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1072

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Door

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ドア (どあ)' means 'door'. It refers to a movable barrier used to open and close an entrance, typically consisting of a panel that swings on hinges or slides. This word is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as in homes, cars, or buildings. For example: Please close the door「ドアを閉めてください」(どあをしめてください). The door is open「ドアが開いています」(どあがあいています). Note that 'ドア' is often used for Western-style doors, while traditional Japanese sliding doors are referred to as '襖 (ふすま)' or '障子 (しょうじ)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1073

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attendance

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 席Seat

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '出席 (しゅっせき)' means 'attendance'. It refers to the act of being present at a meeting, class, event, or other gathering. It is commonly used in formal or academic contexts. For example: attendance is mandatory「出席は必須です」(しゅっせきはひっすです). I will attend the meeting「会議に出席します」(かいぎにしゅっせきします). The word can also be used in phrases like '出席を取る (しゅっせきをとる)' (to take attendance) or '出席率 (しゅっせきりつ)' (attendance rate).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1074

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Feature

Reading

Kanji

特Special 徴Levy, Symptom

Explanation

The Japanese noun '特徴 (とくちょう)' means 'feature' or 'characteristic'. It refers to a distinctive attribute or quality of something or someone. This word is often used to describe what makes something unique or different. For example: The main feature of this product is its durability「この製品の特徴は耐久性です」(このせいひんのとくちょうはたいきゅうせいです). Another example: The characteristic of this region is its rich culture「この地域の特徴は豊かな文化です」(このちいきのとくちょうはゆたかなぶんかです). The word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to highlight specific traits or aspects.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1075

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Absence

Reading

Kanji

欠Lack 席Seat

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '欠席 (けっせき)' refers to the act of being absent, particularly from events, meetings, or classes. It is commonly used in formal or academic contexts to indicate non-attendance. For example: I will be absent from the meeting tomorrow「明日の会議は欠席します」(あしたのかいぎはけっせきします). His absence was noted by the teacher「先生は彼の欠席に気づいた」(せんせいはかれのけっせきにきづいた). The word can also be used in written notices or announcements, such as '欠席届 (けっせきとどけ)', which means 'notice of absence'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1076

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cancer

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'がん (gan)' refers to 'cancer', the disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body. It is commonly used in medical contexts and everyday conversations about health. For example: He was diagnosed with cancer「彼はがんと診断された」(かれはがんとしんだんされた). Early detection of cancer is important「がんの早期発見は重要です」(がんのそうきはっけんはじゅうようです). The word can also appear in compound terms like '胃がん (いがん)' (stomach cancer) or '肺がん (はいがん)' (lung cancer).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1077

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Painful

Reading

Kanji

辛Hard, Spicy

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '辛い (つらい)' primarily means 'painful' or 'difficult'. It is often used to describe emotional or physical pain, as well as challenging situations. For example: it was a painful experience「それは辛い経験だった」(それはつらいけいけんだった). This work is difficult「この仕事は辛い」(このしごとはつらい). The word can also imply a sense of hardship or suffering, making it versatile in expressing both literal and metaphorical struggles. Note that '辛い' can also be read as 'からい' when referring to something being 'spicy', but in this context, we are focusing on the reading 'つらい'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1078

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Second daughter

Reading

Kanji

次Next 女Woman

Explanation

The Japanese noun '次女 (じじょ)' refers to the 'second daughter' in a family. This term is used to specify the birth order of daughters, with '次女' being the second-born daughter. It is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts when discussing family members or relationships. For example: Her second daughter is very talented「彼女の次女はとても才能がある」(かのじょのじじょはとてもさいのうがある). The second daughter got married last year「次女は去年結婚した」(じじょはきょねんけっこんした). The term is often used in family registers, official documents, and everyday conversations to distinguish between siblings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1079

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Letter

Reading

Kanji

手Hand 紙Paper

Explanation

The Japanese noun '手紙 (てがみ)' means 'letter', referring to a written message typically sent to someone. It is commonly used to describe personal correspondence, such as letters written by hand or typed. For example: I received a letter from my friend「友達から手紙をもらった」(ともだちからてがみをもらった). She writes a letter every week「彼女は毎週手紙を書く」(かのじょはまいしゅうてがみをかく). The word can also imply a sense of thoughtfulness or effort, as it often involves personal communication rather than digital messages.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1080

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Guitar

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ギター (gitaa)' refers to the musical instrument known as the guitar. It is a loanword from English, and it is used in the same context as in English, referring to both acoustic and electric guitars. For example: I play the guitar「私はギターを弾きます」(わたしはギターをひきます). He bought a new guitar「彼は新しいギターを買いました」(かれはあたらしいギターをかいました). The word is commonly used in music-related contexts and is easily understood by Japanese speakers.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1081

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Funds

Reading

Kanji

資Capital, Resources 金Gold

Explanation

The Japanese noun '資金 (しきん)' refers to 'funds' or 'capital'. It is commonly used in financial contexts to describe money that is available for a specific purpose, such as investment, business operations, or personal use. For example: We need funds to start the project「プロジェクトを始めるために資金が必要です」(ぷろじぇくとをはじめるためにしきんがひつようです). The company raised funds for expansion「会社は拡張のための資金を調達しました」(かいしゃはかくちょうのためのしきんをちょうたつしました). This word is often used in formal or business settings and can refer to both large and small amounts of money.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1082

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Enemy

Reading

Kanji

敵Enemy

Explanation

The Japanese noun '敵 (てき)' means 'enemy'. It refers to a person or group that is actively opposed or hostile to someone or something. This word is commonly used in contexts such as war, competition, or personal conflicts. For example: He is my enemy「彼は私の敵です」(かれはわたしのてきです). They defeated the enemy「彼らは敵を倒した」(かれらはてきをたおした). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe challenges or obstacles, such as 'time is the enemy'「時間は敵だ」(じかんはてきだ). Note that '敵' is a neutral term and does not carry additional emotional connotations unless specified by context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1083

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Driving

Reading

Kanji

運Fortune 転Revolve

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '運転 (うんてん)' primarily means 'driving'. It refers to the act of operating a vehicle, such as a car, bus, or train. This word is commonly used in contexts related to transportation and vehicle operation. For example: I am driving a car「車を運転しています」(くるまをうんてんしています). He has a driver's license「彼は運転免許を持っています」(かれはうんてんめんきょをもっています). Additionally, '運転' can also be used in a broader sense to mean 'operation' or 'management' of machinery or systems, but this usage is less common and context-dependent.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1084

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wall

Reading

Kanji

壁Wall

Explanation

The Japanese noun '壁 (かべ)' means 'wall'. This word refers to a vertical structure that defines and sometimes protects an area. It can be used to describe the walls of a building, room, or any other structure. For example: there is a picture on the wall「壁に絵がある」(かべにえがある). The wall is white「壁は白い」(かべはしろい). Additionally, '壁' can be used metaphorically to describe barriers or obstacles in non-physical contexts, such as in relationships or challenges. For example: we hit a wall in our negotiations「交渉で壁にぶつかった」(こうしょうでかべにぶつかった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1085

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Driver

Reading

Kanji

運Fortune 転Revolve 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '運転手 (うんてんしゅ)' refers to a person who drives a vehicle, such as a car, bus, or truck. It is commonly used to describe someone whose profession is driving. For example: The bus driver is very skilled「バスの運転手はとても上手です」(バスのうんてんしゅはとてもじょうずです). I asked the driver for directions「運転手に道を聞きました」(うんてんしゅにみちをききました). This term is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1086

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Companion

Reading

Kanji

仲Relationship 間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese noun '仲間 (なかま)' refers to a companion, friend, or someone who shares a common purpose or activity. It emphasizes a sense of camaraderie or belonging to a group. This word is often used to describe peers, colleagues, or members of the same team or community. For example: He is my companion「彼は私の仲間です」(かれはわたしのなかまです). We are companions in this project「私たちはこのプロジェクトの仲間です」(わたしたちはこのプロジェクトのなかまです). The term can also imply a shared bond or mutual support, such as in sports teams or work environments.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1087

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

East

Reading

Kanji

東East

Explanation

The Japanese noun '東 (ひがし)' means 'east'. It refers to one of the four cardinal directions and is commonly used in geographical contexts, such as describing locations or directions. For example: The sun rises in the east「太陽は東から昇る」(たいようはひがしからのぼる). Kyoto is east of Osaka「京都は大阪の東にある」(きょうとはおおさかのひがしにある). The word can also be used in compound words, such as '東日本 (ひがしにほん)' meaning 'eastern Japan'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1088

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fall

Reading

Kanji

転Revolve

Explanation

The Japanese verb '転ぶ (ころぶ)' means 'to fall'. It is commonly used to describe the action of falling down, typically due to losing balance or tripping. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as falling on the ground, falling off a bicycle, or even metaphorically falling into a bad situation. For example: I fell on the road「道で転んだ」(みちでころんだ). The child fell while running「子供は走っていて転んだ」(こどもははしっていてころんだ). It is important to note that '転ぶ' is often used in casual conversations and can be conjugated to fit different tenses and forms.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1089

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sweater

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'セーター (seetaa)' refers to a 'sweater', which is a knitted garment typically worn on the upper body to provide warmth. This word is borrowed from English and is commonly used in everyday conversation. For example: I bought a new sweater「新しいセーターを買いました」(あたらしいセーターをかいました). This sweater is warm「このセーターは暖かいです」(このセーターはあたたかいです). The term is widely understood and used in various contexts, from casual to formal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1090

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Push

Reading

Kanji

押Push, Press down

Explanation

The Japanese verb '押す (おす)' primarily means 'to push'. It is used to describe the action of applying force to move something away from oneself or to press something. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as physically pushing an object, pressing a button, or even metaphorically pushing for an idea or decision. For example: Please push the door「ドアを押してください」(ドアをおしてください). He pushed the button「彼はボタンを押した」(かれはボタンをおした). In some contexts, it can also imply insistence or pressure, as in pushing someone to make a decision.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1091

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Materials

Reading

Kanji

資Capital, Resources 料Materials, Fee

Explanation

The Japanese noun '資料 (しりょう)' refers to 'materials' or 'data' that are used for reference, research, or documentation. It is commonly used in academic, professional, or informational contexts. For example: I need materials for my research「研究のための資料が必要です」(けんきゅうのためのしりょうがひつようです). These materials are very useful「この資料はとても役に立ちます」(このしりょうはとてもやくにたちます). The word can also refer to documents, handouts, or resources provided for meetings or presentations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1092

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attitude

Reading

Kanji

態Appearance, Condition 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese noun '態度 (たいど)' refers to a person's attitude, demeanor, or behavior. It is often used to describe how someone carries themselves or reacts in a given situation. This word can be used in both positive and negative contexts, depending on the situation. For example: His attitude is very positive「彼の態度はとても前向きだ」(かれのたいどはとてもまえむきだ). Her attitude towards work is lazy「彼女の仕事に対する態度は怠惰だ」(かのじょのしごとにたいするたいどはたいだだ). The word can also imply a sense of posture or stance, both physically and metaphorically.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1093

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Group

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'グループ (ぐるーぷ)' means 'group'. It is used to refer to a collection of people, things, or entities that are considered together as a unit. This word is often used in contexts such as social groups, work teams, or categories. For example: I joined a study group「私は勉強のグループに入りました」(わたしはべんきょうのぐるーぷにはいりました). This group is very active「このグループはとても活発です」(このぐるーぷはとてもかっぱつです). The word is borrowed from English and is commonly used in modern Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1094

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exercise

Reading

Kanji

運Fortune 動Move

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '運動 (うんどう)' primarily means 'exercise' or 'physical activity'. It refers to activities that involve physical exertion, often for the purpose of improving health or fitness. This word can also be used in a broader sense to describe movement or motion, such as in physics or social movements. For example: I do exercise every morning「私は毎朝運動します」(わたしはまいあさうんどうします). The movement of the planets is fascinating「惑星の運動は魅力的です」(わくせいのうんどうはみりょくてきです). In social contexts, it can refer to campaigns or movements, like a political movement「政治運動」(せいじうんどう).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1095

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exceed

Reading

Kanji

超Surpass, Transcend

Explanation

The Japanese verb '超える (こえる)' means 'to exceed' or 'to go beyond'. It is used to describe surpassing a limit, boundary, or expectation. This verb can be applied in various contexts, such as physical boundaries, numerical limits, or abstract concepts. For example: The temperature exceeded 30 degrees「気温が30度を超えた」(きおんが30どをこえた). His skills exceed mine「彼のスキルは私を超えている」(かれのスキルはわたしをこえている). It can also be used metaphorically, as in 'to transcend' or 'to overcome'. Note that '超える' is often used with specific limits or thresholds, such as time, age, or quantity.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1096

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

After all

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'やっぱり' (yappari) is a colloquial form of 'やはり' and is commonly used in casual conversation. It conveys a sense of something being as expected, or reaffirming a previous thought or assumption. It can also express a change of mind back to an original opinion or decision. For example: I thought so, after all「やっぱりそうだと思った」(やっぱりそうだとおもった). I'll have coffee after all「やっぱりコーヒーにする」(やっぱりコーヒーにする). The nuance of 'やっぱり' often includes a slight surprise or realization, even when confirming something that was already suspected.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1097

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Extremely

Reading

Kanji

極Extreme, Pole

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '極めて (きわめて)' means 'extremely' or 'very'. It is used to emphasize the degree or intensity of something, often in formal or written contexts. This adverb is typically placed before adjectives or other adverbs to strengthen their meaning. For example: This problem is extremely difficult「この問題は極めて難しい」(このもんだいはきわめてむずかしい). The results were extremely satisfactory「結果は極めて満足のいくものだった」(けっかはきわめてまんぞくのいくものだった). Note that '極めて' carries a formal tone and is less commonly used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1098

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Activity

Reading

Kanji

活Lively 動Move

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '活動 (かつどう)' refers to 'activity' or 'action'. It is used to describe physical, mental, or organizational actions, often in the context of work, hobbies, or social movements. For example: The environmental group's activities are impressive「環境グループの活動は印象的です」(かんきょうグループのかつどうはいんしょうてきです). She is active in volunteer activities「彼女はボランティア活動に積極的です」(かのじょはボランティアかつどうにせっきょくてきです). The word can also be used in compound nouns like '文化活動 (ぶんかかつどう)' (cultural activities) or '経済活動 (けいざいかつどう)' (economic activities).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1099

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Capital

Reading

Kanji

都Metropolis

Explanation

The Japanese noun '都 (と)' primarily means 'capital', referring to the main city of a country or region, especially where the government is located. It is often used in formal contexts or when discussing administrative or political matters. For example: Tokyo is the capital of Japan「東京は日本の都です」(とうきょうはにほんのとです). Kyoto was once the capital of Japan「京都はかつて日本の都でした」(きょうとはかつてにほんのとでした). The word can also appear in compound nouns, such as '都庁 (とちょう)' (metropolitan government office). While '都' can sometimes refer to a large city or metropolis, its primary and most distinct meaning is 'capital'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1100

Composition

kanji

Handwriting