Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Frequency of Use

word

Meaning

Remove, Surpass

Reading

Kanji

抜Pluck, Extract

Explanation

The Japanese verb '抜く (ぬく)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to remove' or 'to extract', often used when taking something out of a place or situation. For example: I removed the cork from the bottle「瓶の栓を抜いた」(びんのせんをぬいた). The second meaning is 'to surpass' or 'to outdo', used when someone or something exceeds others in ability or performance. For example: He surpassed everyone in the race「彼はレースで皆を抜いた」(かれはレースでみんなをぬいた). The verb is versatile and its meaning depends heavily on context. It can also be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '気を抜く (きをぬく)', which means 'to let one's guard down'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1401

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Heisei

Reading

Kanji

平Flat 成Become

Explanation

The Japanese noun '平成 (へいせい)' refers to the 'Heisei' era, which was the period of Japanese history corresponding to the reign of Emperor Akihito, from January 8, 1989, to April 30, 2019. This term is often used in historical or cultural contexts to denote events, policies, or cultural phenomena that occurred during this era. For example: The Heisei era ended in 2019「平成は2019年に終わりました」(へいせいは2019ねんにおわりました). Many technological advancements were made during the Heisei era「平成の時代に多くの技術的進歩がありました」(へいせいのじだいにおおくのぎじゅつてきしんぽがありました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1402

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Countermeasure

Reading

Kanji

対Against 策Plan, Policy

Explanation

The Japanese noun '対策 (たいさく)' means 'countermeasure' or 'measure'. It refers to actions or plans taken to prevent or deal with a problem or situation. This word is often used in contexts related to safety, security, or problem-solving. For example: We need to take countermeasures against cyber attacks「サイバー攻撃に対する対策が必要だ」(サイバーこうげきにたいするたいさくがひつようだ). The company implemented measures to reduce costs「会社はコスト削減の対策を実施した」(かいしゃはコストさくげんのたいさくをじっしした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1403

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Success

Reading

Kanji

成Become 功Merit, Achievement

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '成功 (せいこう)' means 'success'. It refers to the achievement of a desired goal or outcome. This word is commonly used in contexts related to personal, professional, or academic achievements. For example: His success was celebrated by everyone「彼の成功は皆に祝われた」(かれのせいこうはみんなにいわわれた). The project was a great success「そのプロジェクトは大成功だった」(そのプロジェクトはだいせいこうだった). Note that '成功' can also be used as a verb when combined with the auxiliary verb 'する', as in '成功する (せいこうする)', meaning 'to succeed'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1404

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

People

Reading

Kanji

民People, Nation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '民 (みん)' refers to 'people' or 'the populace'. It is often used in formal or historical contexts to describe the general population or citizens of a nation. This term can also appear in compound words, such as '国民 (こくみん)' meaning 'citizens' or '人民 (じんみん)' meaning 'the people'. Example sentences: The people are suffering「民が苦しんでいる」(みんがくるしんでいる). The government must listen to the people「政府は民の声を聞かなければならない」(せいふはみんのこえをきかなければならない). Note that '民' is less commonly used in everyday conversation and is more formal or literary in tone.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1405

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Site

Reading

Kanji

現Appear, Current 場Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '現場 (げんば)' refers to the actual place where an event occurs or work is carried out. It is commonly used in contexts related to construction, crime scenes, or any place where specific activities are happening. For example: The construction site is busy「現場は忙しい」(げんばはいそがしい). The police arrived at the crime scene「警察が現場に到着した」(けいさつがげんばにとうちゃくした). This term emphasizes the physical location where actions or events take place, often implying a sense of immediacy or direct involvement.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1406

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sliding door

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ふすま' refers to a traditional Japanese sliding door or partition, typically made of a wooden frame covered with opaque paper. These are commonly used in Japanese homes to separate rooms or closets. Fusuma are distinct from shoji, which are sliding doors covered with translucent paper. Example sentences: The fusuma in the old house are beautiful「古い家のふすまは美しい」(ふるいいえのふすまはうつくしい). Please close the fusuma「ふすまを閉めてください」(ふすまをしめてください).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1407

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Other side, Beyond

Reading

Kanji

向Facing, Yonder

Explanation

The Japanese noun '向こう (むこう)' primarily means 'beyond' or 'the other side'. It is used to refer to a place or area that is on the opposite side of a certain point, often implying a sense of distance or separation. For example: The town beyond the river「川の向こうの町」(かわのむこうのまち). The other side of the mountain「山の向こう」(やまのむこう). It can also be used metaphorically to refer to something that is beyond one's current understanding or reach, such as 'beyond my imagination'「私の想像の向こう」(わたしのそうぞうのむこう). This word is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1408

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Investment

Reading

Kanji

投Throw 資Capital, Resources

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '投資 (とうし)' means 'investment'. It refers to the act of investing money, time, or resources into something with the expectation of achieving a profit or benefit. This term is commonly used in financial contexts but can also apply to non-monetary investments, such as investing effort into a project. For example: He made a good investment in stocks「彼は株に良い投資をした」(かれはかぶにいいとうしをした). Investing in education is important「教育への投資は重要だ」(きょういくへのとうしはじゅうようだ). The word can also be used metaphorically, such as investing time in a relationship.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1409

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rain

Reading

Kanji

雨Rain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '雨 (あめ)' means 'rain'. It refers to the precipitation of water droplets from the atmosphere. This word is commonly used in daily conversations, weather forecasts, and literature. For example: It's raining「雨が降っている」(あめがふっている). The rain stopped「雨が止んだ」(あめがやんだ). In Japanese culture, rain can have various symbolic meanings, often associated with melancholy or renewal, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1410

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Space

Reading

Kanji

空Sky, Empty 間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese noun '空間 (くうかん)' primarily means 'space'. It refers to a physical or abstract area, such as an empty area, a room, or even a conceptual space. For example: there is not enough space in this room「この部屋には十分な空間がない」(このへやにはじゅうぶんなくうかんがない). The space between the two buildings is narrow「二つの建物の間の空間は狭い」(ふたつのたてもののあいだのくうかんはせまい). It can also refer to a mental or emotional space, such as 'personal space' or 'creative space'. For instance: I need some space to think「考えるための空間が必要だ」(かんがえるためのくうかんがひつようだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1411

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Method, Means

Reading

Kanji

手Hand 段Step, Stairs

Explanation

The Japanese noun '手段 (しゅだん)' refers to a way, means, or method to achieve something. It is often used in contexts where one is discussing the tools, strategies, or approaches to accomplish a goal. For example: We need to find a means to solve this problem「この問題を解決する手段を見つける必要がある」(このもんだいをかいけつするしゅだんをみつけるひつようがある). Education is an important method for personal growth「教育は個人の成長にとって重要な手段だ」(きょういくはこじんのせいちょうにとってじゅうようなしゅだんだ). The word can be used in both formal and informal settings, and it often implies a focus on practicality and effectiveness.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1412

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accurate

Reading

Kanji

正Correct 確Certain

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '正確 (せいかく)' means 'accurate'. It is used to describe something that is precise, correct, or free from errors. This word is often used in contexts where precision or correctness is important, such as in measurements, information, or descriptions. For example: The clock is accurate「その時計は正確です」(そのとけいはせいかくです). His explanation was accurate「彼の説明は正確でした」(かれのせつめいはせいかくでした). Note that '正確' can also function as a noun, as in '正確さ (せいかくさ)', which means 'accuracy'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1413

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lemon

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'レモン (れもん)' means 'lemon'. This word is a direct borrowing from the English word 'lemon' and refers to the citrus fruit known for its sour taste and bright yellow color. It is commonly used in culinary contexts, such as in recipes or when discussing flavors. For example: I like lemon tea「レモンティーが好きです」(れもんてぃーがすきです). This cake has a lemon flavor「このケーキはレモンの味がします」(このけーきはれもんのあじがします). The word is also used in various products and brand names, reflecting its widespread recognition and usage in Japanese culture.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1414

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drop

Reading

Kanji

落Fall

Explanation

The Japanese verb '落とす (おとす)' primarily means 'to drop' or 'to let something fall'. It is used when something is intentionally or accidentally dropped from a higher position to a lower one. This verb can also imply losing something valuable or failing to retain something. For example: I dropped my phone「携帯を落とした」(けいたいをおとした). He dropped the ball during the game「彼は試合中にボールを落とした」(かれはしあいちゅうにボールをおとした). Additionally, '落とす' can be used metaphorically, such as in the context of failing an exam: She failed the test「彼女はテストを落とした」(かのじょはテストをおとした).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1415

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Red

Reading

Kanji

赤Red

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '赤い (あかい)' means 'red'. It is used to describe objects, colors, or anything that has a red hue. This adjective is commonly used in everyday conversation and can describe both physical objects and abstract concepts. For example: the apple is red「そのリンゴは赤い」(そのリンゴはあかい). The sunset is red「夕日が赤い」(ゆうひがあかい). It can also be used metaphorically, such as in '赤い糸 (あかいいと)', which refers to the 'red thread of fate' connecting two people destined to meet. Note that '赤い' is the adjective form, while '赤 (あか)' is the noun form meaning 'red'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1416

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Properly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'きちんと' means 'properly' or 'neatly'. It is used to describe actions or states that are done in an orderly, correct, or precise manner. This word often carries a nuance of thoroughness and attention to detail. For example: Please clean your room properly「部屋をきちんと掃除してください」(へやをきちんとそうじしてください). She always dresses neatly「彼女はいつもきちんと着ている」(かのじょはいつもきちんときている). It can also imply reliability or punctuality, as in: He always arrives on time「彼はいつもきちんと時間に来る」(かれはいつもきちんとじかんにくる).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1417

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Honest

Reading

Kanji

正Correct 直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '正直 (しょうじき)' means 'honest'. It is used to describe someone who is truthful, sincere, and straightforward in their actions or words. It can also describe situations or statements that are candid or frank. For example: he is an honest person「彼は正直な人です」(かれはしょうじきなひとです). To be honest, I don't like it「正直に言うと、好きじゃない」(しょうじきにいうと、すきじゃない). The word can also function as an adverb, as in '正直に言う (しょうじきにいう) (to speak honestly)'. It carries a positive connotation and is often used to praise someone's character or to emphasize sincerity in communication.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1418

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

World, Realm

Reading

Kanji

界World

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '界 (かい)' is used to denote a world, realm, or sphere, often referring to a specific domain or field of activity. It can be used in various contexts to describe different areas of interest or expertise. For example: the world of art「芸術界」(げいじゅつかい). the business world「ビジネス界」(ビジネスかい). This suffix is commonly attached to nouns to specify a particular area or community, such as '科学界 (かがくかい) (scientific community)' or '音楽界 (おんがくかい) (music world)'. It is important to note that '界' can also be used in a more abstract sense to describe a realm or domain, such as '精神界 (せいしんかい) (spiritual realm)'.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1419

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Agent

Reading

Kanji

剤Medicine, Dose

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '剤 (ざい)' is used to denote a type of agent, often in the context of chemicals, medicines, or substances that have a specific function. It is commonly found in words related to pharmaceuticals, cleaning agents, or other chemical compounds. For example: medicine「薬剤」(やくざい), cleaning agent「洗剤」(せんざい), and insecticide「殺虫剤」(さっちゅうざい). This suffix is typically attached to a noun to specify the type of agent being referred to. It is important to note that '剤' is not used as a standalone word but always as a suffix.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1420

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Korea

Reading

Kanji

朝Morning 鮮Fresh, Vivid

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun '朝鮮 (ちょうせん)' refers to 'Korea'. Historically, it was used to denote the Korean Peninsula and its people, particularly during the period of Japanese rule over Korea (1910-1945). In modern usage, it is often associated with North Korea, as South Korea is more commonly referred to as '韓国 (かんこく)'. Example sentences: Korea is a beautiful country「朝鮮は美しい国です」(ちょうせんはうつくしいくにです). I studied the history of Korea「私は朝鮮の歴史を勉強しました」(わたしはちょうせんのれきしをべんきょうしました).

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1421

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Very

Reading

Kanji

非Mistake, Negative 常Usual, Normal

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '非常に (ひじょうに)' means 'very' or 'extremely'. It is used to emphasize the degree or intensity of something. This word is formal and is often used in written language or formal speech. For example: This is very important「これは非常に重要です」(これはひじょうにじゅうようです). The weather is extremely hot today「今日は非常に暑いです」(きょうはひじょうにあついです). It can also be used to describe emotions or states, such as '非常に嬉しい (ひじょうにうれしい)' (very happy). Note that '非常に' is more formal than other similar adverbs like 'とても' or 'すごく'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1422

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Emphasis

Reading

Kanji

強Strong 調Investigate, Tune

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '強調 (きょうちょう)' means 'emphasis'. It refers to the act of stressing or highlighting the importance of something. This word is often used in contexts where someone wants to draw attention to a particular point or feature. For example: The teacher emphasized the importance of studying「先生は勉強の重要性を強調した」(せんせいはべんきょうのじゅうようせいをきょうちょうした). The advertisement emphasizes the product's quality「その広告は製品の品質を強調している」(そのこうこくはせいひんのひんしつをきょうちょうしている). It can also be used in formal or informal settings, making it versatile in both spoken and written Japanese.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1423

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Phenomenon

Reading

Kanji

現Appear, Current 象Elephant, Phenomenon

Explanation

The Japanese noun '現象 (げんしょう)' refers to a 'phenomenon', which is an observable event or fact. It is commonly used in both scientific and everyday contexts to describe occurrences that can be observed or experienced. For example: The aurora is a natural phenomenon「オーロラは自然の現象です」(おーろらはしぜんのげんしょうです). This social phenomenon is interesting「この社会的現象は面白い」(このしゃかいてきげんしょうはおもしろい). The word can also be used in abstract contexts, such as describing trends or behaviors in society.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1424

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Magazine

Reading

Kanji

雑Miscellaneous 誌Magazine, Document

Explanation

The Japanese noun '雑誌 (ざっし)' refers to a 'magazine', which is a periodical publication containing articles, photographs, and advertisements. It is commonly used to describe both print and digital magazines. For example: I bought a fashion magazine「ファッション雑誌を買いました」(ふぁっしょんざっしをかいました). This magazine is interesting「この雑誌は面白い」(このざっしはおもしろい). The word is often used in contexts related to reading, publishing, or media.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1425

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drive

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'ドライブ (doraibu)' means 'drive'. It refers to the act of operating a vehicle, typically a car, or going for a leisurely trip by car. This word is often used in contexts related to traveling or enjoying a scenic route. For example: Let's go for a drive「ドライブに行こう」(どらいぶにいこう). I enjoy driving along the coast「海岸沿いをドライブするのが好きです」(かいがんぞいをどらいぶするのがすきです). The word can also imply a sense of relaxation or enjoyment associated with driving, rather than just the functional aspect of operating a vehicle.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

1426

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Neighbor

Reading

Kanji

隣Neighbor, Neighbouring

Explanation

The Japanese noun '隣り (となり)' refers to something or someone that is adjacent or next to another. It is commonly used to describe the immediate proximity of people, places, or objects. For example: The house next door is quiet「隣りの家は静かです」(となりいえはしずかです). My neighbor is kind「私の隣り人は親切です」(わたしのとなりひとはしんせつです). This word can also be used in a more abstract sense to describe something that is closely related or connected in some way. For instance: The next topic is related「隣りの話題は関連しています」(となりわだいはかんれんしています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1427

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Live

Reading

Kanji

暮Livelihood

Explanation

The Japanese verb '暮らす (くらす)' means 'to live' or 'to lead a life'. It refers to the act of living one's daily life, often implying a sense of routine or lifestyle. This verb can be used to describe how someone lives, their living conditions, or their way of life. For example: I live in Tokyo「私は東京で暮らしています」(わたしはとうきょうでくらしています). They live a simple life「彼らは質素に暮らしている」(かれらはしっそにくらしている). The verb can also imply a sense of time passing, as in 'to spend one's days'. It is often used in contexts related to daily life, such as living arrangements, lifestyle choices, or the passage of time.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1428

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Investigation, Survey

Reading

Kanji

調Investigate, Tune 査Investigate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '調査 (ちょうさ)' can mean either 'investigation' or 'survey', depending on the context. It refers to the act of examining or studying something systematically to gather information. For example: The police are conducting an investigation「警察が調査をしている」(けいさつがちょうさをしている). We conducted a survey about customer satisfaction「顧客満足度についての調査を行った」(こきゃくまんぞくどについてのちょうさをおこなった). This word is often used in formal or professional settings, such as research, business, or law enforcement.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1429

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Provide

Reading

Kanji

提Present, Submit 供Accompany, Offer

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '提供 (ていきょう)' means 'provide' or 'supply'. It is commonly used in contexts where something is being offered or made available, such as services, information, or goods. For example: The company provides free Wi-Fi「その会社は無料のWi-Fiを提供しています」(そのかいしゃはむりょうのWi-Fiをていきょうしています). This restaurant provides vegetarian options「このレストランはベジタリアン向けのメニューを提供しています」(このレストランはベジタリアンむけのメニューをていきょうしています). The word is often used in formal or business settings, and it emphasizes the act of giving or making something accessible to others.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1430

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Proposal

Reading

Kanji

提Present, Submit 案Plan, Proposal

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '提案 (ていあん)' means 'proposal' or 'suggestion'. It refers to the act of formally presenting an idea, plan, or solution for consideration. This word is commonly used in professional, academic, or organizational settings. For example: I submitted a proposal to the company「会社に提案を提出しました」(かいしゃにていあんをていしゅつしました). His proposal was accepted「彼の提案は受け入れられました」(かれのていあんはうけいれられました). The word can also be used in everyday contexts, such as suggesting an idea to friends: Let's consider his proposal「彼の提案を考えましょう」(かれのていあんをかんがえましょう).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1431

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Racket

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ラケット (らけっと)' refers to a 'racket', which is a sports equipment used in games like tennis, badminton, or squash. It consists of a handled frame with an open hoop across which a network of strings is stretched tightly. For example: I bought a new tennis racket「新しいテニスのラケットを買いました」(あたらしいテニスのらけっとをかいました). She plays badminton with a lightweight racket「彼女は軽いラケットでバドミントンをします」(かのじょはかるいらけっとでばどみんとんをします). The word is borrowed from English and is commonly used in the context of sports.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1432

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Descend

Reading

Kanji

降Descend, Fall

Explanation

The Japanese verb '降りる (おりる)' primarily means 'to descend' or 'to get off'. It is commonly used when referring to getting off a vehicle, such as a train or bus, or descending from a higher place like a mountain or stairs. For example: I will get off at the next station「次の駅で降ります」(つぎのえきでおります). He descended the mountain「彼は山を降りた」(かれはやまをおりた). Additionally, it can be used metaphorically, such as stepping down from a position or role. For example: The CEO decided to step down「社長は降りることに決めた」(しゃちょうはおりることにきめた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1433

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Guidance

Reading

Kanji

案Plan, Proposal 内Inside

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '案内 (あんない)' primarily means 'guidance' or 'information'. It is commonly used to refer to the act of guiding someone, providing directions, or offering information about a place, event, or procedure. For example: I will guide you to the station「駅まで案内します」(えきまであんないします). Please check the event information「イベントの案内を確認してください」(イベントのあんないをかくにんしてください). It can also be used in contexts like invitations or announcements, such as 'tour guide' (観光案内, かんこうあんない) or 'information desk' (案内所, あんないじょ). The word carries a polite and formal tone, often used in professional or service-oriented settings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1434

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cigarette, Tobacco

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'タバコ (たばこ)' primarily refers to 'tobacco', the plant or the product made from its leaves. It is also commonly used to mean 'cigarette', which is a rolled product made from tobacco leaves. This word is used in everyday conversation when discussing smoking or tobacco-related products. For example: I quit smoking cigarettes「タバコをやめました」(たばこをやめました). This store sells tobacco「この店はタバコを売っています」(このみせはたばこをうっています). Note that 'タバコ' can refer to both the raw material and the finished product, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1435

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Process

Reading

Kanji

過Exceed, Error 程Order, Extent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '過程 (かてい)' means 'process'. It refers to a series of actions, changes, or functions that lead to a particular result or outcome. This word is often used in contexts where the focus is on the steps or stages involved in achieving something, rather than just the end result. For example: the process of making bread「パンを作る過程」(パンをつくるかてい). The process of learning a new language「新しい言語を学ぶ過程」(あたらしいげんごをまなぶかてい). It can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as the process of personal growth「個人の成長の過程」(こじんのせいちょうのかてい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1436

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Take

Reading

Kanji

連Take along 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese verb '連れて行く (つれていく)' means 'to take (someone) along'. This verb is used when you are taking someone with you to a place. It implies that you are leading or accompanying someone to a destination. For example: I will take my sister to the park「妹を公園に連れて行く」(いもうとをこうえんにつれていく). He took his dog to the vet「彼は犬を獣医に連れて行った」(かれはいぬをじゅういにつれていった). The verb is often used in contexts where you are responsible for someone or something being brought to a specific location.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1437

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fulfill

Reading

Kanji

果Fruit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '果たす (はたす)' means 'to fulfill' or 'to accomplish'. It is used to describe the completion or achievement of a task, duty, or promise. This verb often carries a sense of finality or the successful conclusion of something significant. For example: He fulfilled his duty「彼は義務を果たした」(かれはぎむをはたした). We accomplished our mission「私たちは使命を果たした」(わたしたちはしめいをはたした). It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as fulfilling a role or purpose. For instance: This technology fulfills an important role「この技術は重要な役割を果たす」(このぎじゅつはじゅうようなやくわりをはたす).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1438

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bring

Reading

Kanji

連Take along 来Come

Explanation

The Japanese verb '連れて来る (つれてくる)' means 'to bring someone along'. It is used when someone is bringing another person to a place. The verb is a combination of '連れる (つれる)', meaning 'to take along', and '来る (くる)', meaning 'to come'. This verb is often used in social contexts, such as bringing a friend to a party or a family member to an event. For example: I will bring my friend to the party「友達をパーティーに連れて来る」(ともだちをパーティーにつれてくる). She brought her sister to the meeting「彼女は妹を会議に連れて来た」(かのじょはいもうとをかいぎにつれてきた). Note that the verb implies the act of bringing someone to the speaker's location or a specified destination.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1439

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stewardess

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'スチュワーデス (suchuwaadesu)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'stewardess'. It specifically refers to a female flight attendant who assists passengers on an airplane. This term is somewhat dated and has been increasingly replaced by the gender-neutral term 'キャビンアテンダント (kyabin atendanto)' (cabin attendant) in modern usage. Example sentences: The stewardess served drinks「スチュワーデスが飲み物を出した」(すちゅわーですがのみものをだした). She works as a stewardess「彼女はスチュワーデスとして働いている」(かのじょはすちゅわーですとしてはたらいている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1440

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Earth

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 球Ball

Explanation

The Japanese noun '地球 (ちきゅう)' refers to the planet Earth. It is commonly used in scientific, environmental, and everyday contexts to talk about the Earth as a celestial body or as the world we live on. For example: Earth is our home「地球は私たちの家です」(ちきゅうはわたしたちのいえです). Protecting the Earth is important「地球を守ることは大切です」(ちきゅうをまもることはたいせつです). The word can also appear in compound terms like '地球温暖化 (ちきゅうおんだんか)' (global warming) or '地球環境 (ちきゅうかんきょう)' (global environment).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1441

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

USA

Reading

Kanji

米Rice 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun '米国 (べいこく)' refers to the United States of America (USA). The term is derived from the kanji '米' meaning 'rice', which is used phonetically here to represent 'America'. This term is commonly used in formal contexts, news, and official documents. For example: I am going to the USA next week「来週、米国に行きます」(らいしゅう、べいこくにいきます). The USA is a big country「米国は大きな国です」(べいこくはおおきなくにです). It is important to note that '米国' is more formal than the alternative term 'アメリカ', which is used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1442

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discussion, Consultation

Reading

Kanji

相Mutual 談Discuss

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '相談 (そうだん)' refers to the act of seeking advice, discussing a matter, or consulting with someone. It is commonly used when someone wants to share their concerns or problems and seek guidance or opinions from others. For example: I consulted with my teacher about my future「先生に将来の相談をした」(せんせいにしょうらいのそうだんをした). Let's discuss this matter「この件について相談しましょう」(このけんについてそうだんしましょう). The word can also imply a collaborative effort to resolve an issue or make a decision, often involving mutual understanding and support.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1443

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Record

Reading

Kanji

記Record

Explanation

The Japanese verb '記す (しるす)' means 'to record' or 'to write down'. It is used to describe the act of documenting or noting something in writing, often for the purpose of preserving information. This verb is commonly used in formal or literary contexts. For example: He recorded the event in his diary「彼はその出来事を日記に記した」(かれはそのできごとをにっきにしるした). The scientist noted the results of the experiment「科学者は実験の結果を記した」(かがくしゃはじっけんのけっかをしるした). The verb can also imply a sense of importance or permanence in the act of recording.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1444

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tape recorder

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'テープレコーダー (teepurekoudaa)' refers to a 'tape recorder', a device used for recording and playing back sound on magnetic tape. This term is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts when referring to older audio recording technology. Example sentences: I bought a tape recorder「テープレコーダーを買いました」(てーぷれこーだーをかいました). The tape recorder is broken「テープレコーダーが壊れています」(てーぷれこーだーがこわれています). While this technology is less common today, the term remains relevant in discussions about audio equipment or historical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1445

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Type

Reading

Kanji

類Kind, Type

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '類 (るい)' is used to indicate a category, type, or class of things. It is often attached to nouns to group similar items together. For example: animal type「動物類」(どうぶつるい). This suffix is commonly used in scientific or formal contexts to classify objects, organisms, or concepts. Another example: plant type「植物類」(しょくぶつるい). It can also be used in everyday language to describe groups, such as 'this type of person'「この人たちの類」(このひとたちのるい). Note that '類' is often used in compound words and is not typically used standalone.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1446

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Give birth

Reading

Kanji

生Life

Explanation

The Japanese verb '生む (うむ)' primarily means 'to give birth'. It is used to describe the act of bearing or producing offspring, whether in humans, animals, or even plants. For example: The cat gave birth to kittens 「猫が子猫を生んだ」 (ねこがこねこをうんだ). However, '生む' can also be used metaphorically to mean 'to produce' or 'to create' something, such as an idea or result. For example: This effort will produce good results 「この努力は良い結果を生むだろう」 (このどりょくはよいけっかをうむだろう). Note that the verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1447

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Record

Reading

Kanji

記Record 録Record

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '記録 (きろく)' means 'record'. It refers to the act of documenting or recording information, or the information itself that has been documented. This word is commonly used in contexts such as sports, history, or data management. For example: He set a new world record「彼は新しい世界記録を樹立した」(かれはあたらしいせかいきろくをじゅりつした). Please keep a record of the meeting「会議の記録を取ってください」(かいぎのきろくをとってください). The word can also imply a historical or official documentation, as in 'historical records' (歴史的記録, れきしてききろく).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1448

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Question, Ask

Reading

Kanji

問Question, Problem

Explanation

The Japanese verb '問う (とう)' primarily means 'to ask' or 'to question'. It is used when someone is seeking information or clarification, often in a formal or serious context. This verb can also imply a deeper inquiry or examination, such as questioning the validity or truth of something. For example: The lawyer asked the witness「弁護士は証人に問うた」(べんごしはしょうにんにとうた). We must question the meaning of life「人生の意味を問わなければならない」(じんせいのいみをとうなければならない). Note that '問う' is more formal and less commonly used in casual conversation compared to '聞く (きく)', which also means 'to ask'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1449

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recording

Reading

Kanji

録Record 音Sound

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '録音 (ろくおん)' means 'recording'. It refers to the act of capturing sound or audio and storing it for later playback. This word is commonly used in contexts involving music, voice, or any type of audio recording. For example: I made a recording of the lecture「講義の録音をしました」(こうぎのろくおんをしました). Please listen to this recording「この録音を聞いてください」(このろくおんをきいてください). The word can also be used in compound forms, such as '録音機 (ろくおんき)' (recording device) or '録音中 (ろくおんちゅう)' (currently recording).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1450

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Quiet

Reading

Kanji

静Quiet

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '静か (しずか)' means 'quiet'. It is used to describe a state of calmness, silence, or lack of noise. This word can be applied to environments, situations, or even people. For example: the library is quiet「図書館は静かです」(としょかんはしずかです). Please be quiet「静かにしてください」(しずかにしてください). It can also describe a peaceful atmosphere, such as in: the park was quiet and peaceful「公園は静かで平和だった」(こうえんはしずかでへいわだった). Note that '静か' is often used in its adverbial form '静かに (しずかに)' to describe actions done quietly or calmly.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1451

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Short

Reading

Kanji

短Short

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '短い (みじかい)' means 'short'. It is used to describe something that has a relatively small length or duration. This can apply to physical objects, time periods, or even abstract concepts like attention spans. For example: the pencil is short「その鉛筆は短い」(そのえんぴつはみじかい). The meeting was short「会議は短かった」(かいぎはみじかかった). It can also describe something brief or concise, such as a short story「短い物語」(みじかいものがたり). Note that '短い' is often used to modify nouns directly, as in '短いスカート (みじかいスカート) (short skirt)'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1452

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lie

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'うそ (uso)' means 'lie'. It refers to a false statement made with the intention to deceive. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to describe dishonesty. For example: That's a lie!「それはうそだ！」(それはうそだ！). He told a lie to his friend「彼は友達にうそをついた」(かれはともだちにうそをついた). The word can also be used in expressions like 'うそつき (うそつき)' which means 'liar'. It's important to note that 'うそ' can sometimes be used in a more casual or joking manner, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1453

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relation, Connection

Reading

Kanji

関Barrier, Related 連Take along

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '関連 (かんれん)' refers to a relationship or connection between things. It is often used to describe how two or more items, ideas, or events are linked or associated with each other. For example: There is a strong relation between these two events「これらの二つの出来事には強い関連がある」(これらのふたつのできごとにはつよいかんれんがある). This book has a connection to the topic「この本はそのトピックに関連している」(このほんはそのトピックにかんれんしている). The word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to discuss correlations, dependencies, or associations.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1454

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relation

Reading

Kanji

関Barrier, Related 係Person in charge, Connection

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '関係 (かんけい)' means 'relation' or 'connection'. It is used to describe the relationship or connection between two or more things, people, or concepts. This word is often used in both formal and informal contexts to discuss relationships, whether they are personal, professional, or abstract. For example: There is no relation between the two events「その二つの出来事には関係がない」(そのふたつのできごとにはかんけいがない). I have a good relationship with my boss「私は上司と良い関係を持っている」(わたしはじょうしとよいかんけいをもっている). The word can also be used in compound forms, such as '人間関係 (にんげんかんけい)' (human relationships) or '因果関係 (いんがかんけい)' (causal relationship).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1455

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kilo

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese suffix 'キロ (きろ)' is derived from the metric prefix 'kilo-', which denotes a factor of one thousand. It is commonly used in measurements to indicate a thousand units of something. For example: 1 kilogram「1キログラム」(いちきろぐらむ), 2 kilometers「2キロメートル」(にきろめーとる). This suffix is often attached to units of measurement like grams (グラム), meters (メートル), or liters (リットル) to specify quantities in the thousands. It is widely used in everyday contexts, such as shopping, travel, and cooking.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Frequency

1456

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

War

Reading

Kanji

戦Fight, War

Explanation

The Japanese noun '戦 (いくさ)' refers to 'war' or 'battle'. It is often used in historical or literary contexts to describe large-scale conflicts or military engagements. The word carries a formal and somewhat archaic tone, making it more common in traditional stories, historical accounts, or poetic expressions. For example: The war ended「戦は終わった」(いくさはおわった). He prepared for battle「彼は戦の準備をした」(かれはいくさのじゅんびをした). Note that '戦' can also appear in compound words like '戦場 (せんじょう)' (battlefield) or '戦争 (せんそう)' (war), but as a standalone word, it specifically emphasizes the concept of war or battle.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1457

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soundly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ぐっすり' describes sleeping deeply or soundly. It is often used to emphasize that someone is in a state of very deep sleep, undisturbed by external factors. For example: I slept soundly last night「昨夜はぐっすり眠れました」(さくやはぐっすりねむれました). The baby is sleeping soundly「赤ちゃんはぐっすり眠っている」(あかちゃんはぐっすりねむっている). This adverb is commonly paired with verbs like '眠る (ねむる)' (to sleep) to convey the idea of a restful, uninterrupted sleep.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1458

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bridge

Reading

Kanji

橋Bridge

Explanation

The Japanese noun '橋 (はし)' means 'bridge'. It refers to a structure built to span physical obstacles such as rivers, valleys, or roads, providing passage over the obstacle. This word is commonly used in both literal and metaphorical contexts. For example: The bridge is long「その橋は長い」(そのはしはながい). Let's cross the bridge「橋を渡りましょう」(はしをわたりましょう). In Japanese culture, bridges often hold symbolic significance, representing transitions or connections between different states or places.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1459

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Parents

Reading

Kanji

両Both 親Parent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '両親 (りょうしん)' means 'parents'. It refers to both one's mother and father collectively. This term is commonly used in formal and informal contexts to talk about one's parents. For example: my parents are kind「私の両親は優しい」(わたしのりょうしんはやさしい). I will visit my parents this weekend「今週末、両親を訪ねます」(こんしゅうまつ、りょうしんをたずねます). The word is neutral and does not carry any specific nuance, making it suitable for most situations where one refers to their mother and father together.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1460

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Elephant, Statue

Reading

Kanji

像Image, Statue

Explanation

The Japanese noun '像 (ぞう)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'statue', referring to a three-dimensional representation of a person, animal, or object, often made of stone, metal, or wood. For example: There is a statue in the park「公園に像がある」(こうえんにぞうがある). The second meaning is 'elephant', referring to the large mammal. For example: The elephant is big「像は大きい」(ぞうはおおきい). The context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended, as the two are unrelated. When referring to a statue, it is often used in compounds like '銅像 (どうぞう)' (bronze statue) or '石像 (せきぞう)' (stone statue). When referring to an elephant, it is commonly used in phrases like '像の鼻 (ぞうのはな)' (elephant's trunk) or '像の牙 (ぞうのきば)' (elephant's tusk).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1461

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sky, Heaven

Reading

Kanji

天Heaven

Explanation

The Japanese noun '天 (てん)' can mean either 'heaven' or 'sky', depending on the context. When referring to 'heaven', it often carries a spiritual or religious connotation, such as in the context of the afterlife or divine realms. When referring to 'sky', it is used to describe the physical expanse above the earth. Example sentences: The heavens are vast「天は広大だ」(てんはこうだいだ). The sky is clear today「今日の天は晴れている」(きょうのてんははれている). Note that '天' can also appear in compound words, such as '天国 (てんごく)' (paradise) or '天気 (てんき)' (weather), where its meaning is contextually derived.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1462

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stop

Reading

Kanji

止Stop

Explanation

The Japanese verb '止まる (とまる)' means 'to stop'. It is used to describe the action of something ceasing movement or activity. This verb can be applied to various contexts, such as vehicles, people, or even natural phenomena. For example: the bus stopped「バスが止まった」(バスがとまった). The rain stopped「雨が止まった」(あめがとまった). Additionally, '止まる' can also imply a temporary pause, as in 'the clock stopped「時計が止まった」(とけいがとまった)'. It is important to note that '止まる' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1463

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Party

Reading

Kanji

党Party, Faction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '党 (とう)' primarily refers to a political party. It is used to describe organized groups of people with shared political goals and ideologies. For example: the Liberal Democratic Party「自由民主党」(じゆうみんしゅとう). He joined a new political party「彼は新しい政党に加わった」(かれはあたらしいせいとうにくわわった). While '党' can sometimes refer to factions or groups in a broader sense, its most common and significant usage is in the context of politics. It is important to note that '党' is often combined with other kanji to form the names of specific political parties, such as '民主党 (みんしゅとう)' (Democratic Party) or '共産党 (きょうさんとう)' (Communist Party).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1464

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grab

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'つかむ (tsukamu)' means 'to grab' or 'to seize'. It is used to describe the action of taking hold of something firmly with your hand. This verb can also be used metaphorically to mean 'to grasp' an idea or opportunity. For example: he grabbed my hand「彼は私の手をつかんだ」(かれはわたしのてをつかんだ). I finally grasped the concept「やっとその概念をつかんだ」(やっとそのがいねんをつかんだ). The verb is often used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it versatile in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

1465

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Return, Repeat

Reading

Kanji

返Return

Explanation

The Japanese verb '返す (かえす)' primarily means 'to return' something to its original place or owner. It can also mean 'to repeat' an action, such as repeating a question or a gesture. For example: I will return the book tomorrow「本を明日返します」(ほんをあしたかえします). He repeated the question「彼は質問を返した」(かれはしつもんをかえした). The verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, including returning physical objects, repeating actions, or even in abstract situations like returning a favor.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1466

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Typewriter

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'タイプライター (taipuraitaa)' refers to a 'typewriter', a mechanical or electromechanical device used for writing characters similar to those produced by printers. This word is a loanword from English, reflecting the influence of Western technology on Japanese language and culture. Example sentences: I bought an old typewriter「古いタイプライターを買いました」(ふるいたいぷらいたーをかいました). She uses a typewriter to write her novels「彼女は小説を書くためにタイプライターを使います」(かのじょはしょうせつをかくためにたいぷらいたーをつかいます).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1467

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Spend

Reading

Kanji

過Exceed, Error

Explanation

The Japanese verb '過ごす (すごす)' means 'to spend' time or to pass time in a certain way. It is commonly used to describe how one spends their time, whether it's a day, a season, or a period of life. For example: I spent the summer in Hokkaido「夏を北海道で過ごした」(なつをほっかいどうですごした). We spent a pleasant evening together「楽しい夜を一緒に過ごした」(たのしいよるをいっしょにすごした). The verb can also imply the manner in which time is spent, such as leisurely or busily. It is a versatile verb that can be used in various contexts to describe the passage of time.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1468

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Autumn

Reading

Kanji

秋Autumn

Explanation

The Japanese noun '秋 (あき)' means 'autumn' or 'fall'. It refers to the season between summer and winter, typically characterized by cooler weather and the changing colors of leaves. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation, poetry, and literature to evoke the imagery and feelings associated with autumn. For example: Autumn is the best season「秋が一番好きな季節です」(あきがいちばんすきなきせつです). The leaves turn red in autumn「秋には葉が赤くなります」(あきにははがあかくなります). In Japanese culture, autumn is also associated with harvest, moon viewing, and various seasonal foods.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1469

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chase

Reading

Kanji

追Follow

Explanation

The Japanese verb '追う (おう)' primarily means 'to chase' or 'to pursue'. It is used to describe the act of following someone or something with the intent to catch or reach them. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: The police chased the thief「警察は泥棒を追った」(けいさつはどろぼうをおった). She is pursuing her dreams「彼女は夢を追っている」(かのじょはゆめをおっている). Additionally, '追う' can also mean 'to follow' in the sense of tracking or monitoring, such as following a story or event: The reporter followed the story closely「記者はその事件を追った」(きしゃはそのじけんをおった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1470

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Election

Reading

Kanji

選Choose 挙Raise

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '選挙 (せんきょ)' refers to the process of voting to choose a person or group of people for a position, typically in a political context. It is commonly used to describe national, local, or organizational elections. For example: The election will be held next month「選挙は来月行われます」(せんきょはらいげつおこなわれます). He won the election「彼は選挙に勝った」(かれはせんきょにかった). This term is often used in formal settings and is central to discussions about democracy and governance.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1471

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reverse, Back

Reading

Kanji

裏Inside, Rear

Explanation

The Japanese noun '裏 (うら)' primarily means 'back' or 'reverse'. It refers to the opposite side or hidden aspect of something, whether physical or abstract. For example, it can describe the backside of an object, the reverse side of a situation, or even the hidden truth behind an event. Example sentences: The back of the house is quiet「家の裏は静かです」(いえのうらはしずかです). There is a park on the reverse side of the station「駅の裏には公園があります」(えきのうらにはこうえんがあります). The word can also imply something concealed or not immediately visible, such as in the phrase '裏の意味 (うらのいみ)' meaning 'hidden meaning'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1472

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expense, Cost

Reading

Kanji

費Expense 用Use

Explanation

The Japanese noun '費用 (ひよう)' refers to the amount of money required to pay for something, such as a service, product, or activity. It is commonly used in contexts involving financial planning, budgeting, or discussing the price of something. For example: The cost of living is high「生活の費用は高い」(せいかつのひようはたかい). We need to calculate the travel expenses「旅行の費用を計算する必要がある」(りょこうのひようをけいさんするひつようがある). Note that '費用' is often used in formal or business settings, and it can refer to both one-time and recurring expenses.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1473

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Welfare

Reading

Kanji

福Blessing 祉Blessedness, Welfare

Explanation

The Japanese noun '福祉 (ふくし)' refers to 'welfare' or 'well-being'. It is commonly used in contexts related to social welfare, public health, and the overall well-being of individuals or communities. This term is often associated with government programs, social services, and policies aimed at improving the quality of life for citizens. For example: The government is improving welfare services「政府は福祉サービスを改善しています」(せいふはふくしサービスをかいぜんしています). Welfare is important for a healthy society「福祉は健康な社会にとって重要です」(ふくしはけんこうなしゃかいにとってじゅうようです). The word can also appear in compound terms like '社会福祉 (しゃかいふくし)' (social welfare) or '福祉施設 (ふくししせつ)' (welfare facilities).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1474

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reform

Reading

Kanji

改Reform 革Reform, Leather

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '改革 (かいかく)' means 'reform'. It refers to making changes to something in order to improve it, often used in the context of systems, organizations, or policies. For example: The government is planning a reform「政府は改革を計画している」(せいふはかいかくをけいかくしている). The company needs a reform「その会社は改革が必要だ」(そのかいしゃはかいかくがひつようだ). This term is commonly used in political, economic, and social contexts to describe significant and often systematic changes aimed at improvement.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1475

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Handle

Reading

Kanji

扱Handle

Explanation

The Japanese verb '扱う (あつかう)' primarily means 'to handle' or 'to deal with'. It is used in various contexts to describe the act of managing, treating, or dealing with something or someone. This can refer to physical handling of objects, managing tasks or responsibilities, or dealing with people in a certain manner. For example: She handles the documents carefully「彼女は書類を丁寧に扱う」(かのじょはしょるいをていねいにあつかう). This store deals with rare books「この店は珍しい本を扱う」(このみせはめずらしいほんをあつかう). The verb can also imply the way something is treated or regarded, such as in a professional or social context.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1476

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Order

Reading

Kanji

命Command, Life 令Orders

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '命令 (めいれい)' means 'order' or 'command'. It is used to describe an authoritative directive given by someone in a position of authority, such as a boss, teacher, or military officer. This term is often used in formal or hierarchical contexts. For example: The boss gave an order「上司が命令を出した」(じょうしがめいれいをだした). The soldier followed the command「兵士は命令に従った」(へいしはめいれいにしたがった). It can also be used in legal or technical contexts, such as in programming, where it refers to a command given to a computer. For example: Execute the command「命令を実行しなさい」(めいれいをじっこうしなさい).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1477

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Afternoon

Reading

Kanji

午Noon 後After, Behind

Explanation

The Japanese noun '午後 (ごご)' refers to the time period of the 'afternoon'. It is commonly used to indicate the time of day from around 12:00 PM (noon) until evening, typically around 5:00 PM or 6:00 PM. This word is often used in schedules, appointments, or when specifying time. For example: I have a meeting in the afternoon「午後に会議があります」(ごごにかいぎがあります). Let's meet at 3 PM in the afternoon「午後3時に会いましょう」(ごごさんじにあいましょう). Note that '午後' is often paired with specific times, such as '午後2時 (ごごにじ)' for 2:00 PM.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1478

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Assemble

Reading

Kanji

組Association, Group 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese verb '組み立てる (くみたてる)' means 'to assemble'. It is used when putting together parts or components to form a complete structure or object. This verb is commonly used in contexts such as assembling furniture, machinery, or even abstract concepts like plans or ideas. For example: I assembled the bookshelf「本棚を組み立てた」(ほんだなをくみたてた). They are assembling a new team「新しいチームを組み立てている」(あたらしいチームをくみたてている). The verb emphasizes the process of constructing or organizing something from individual parts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1479

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Organization

Reading

Kanji

組Association, Group 織Weave

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '組織 (そしき)' primarily means 'organization'. It refers to a structured group of people working together towards a common goal, such as a company, institution, or association. It can also refer to the act of organizing or structuring something. For example: The organization is growing「組織が成長している」(そしきがせいちょうしている). He is in charge of organizing the event「彼はイベントの組織を担当している」(かれはイベントのそしきをたんとうしている). Additionally, in a biological context, '組織' can refer to 'tissue', such as in the human body. For example: This tissue is damaged「この組織は損傷している」(このそしきはそんしょうしている).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1480

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Volleyball

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'バレーボール (bareebouru)' refers to the sport of volleyball. It is a direct loanword from English, written in katakana to indicate its foreign origin. This term is used in the same way as in English, referring to both the sport and the ball used in the game. For example: I play volleyball「私はバレーボールをします」(わたしはバレーボールをします). The volleyball is round「バレーボールは丸いです」(バレーボールはまるいです). The word is commonly used in sports contexts and is widely understood in Japan due to the popularity of the sport.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1481

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sleep

Reading

Kanji

眠Sleep, Sleepy

Explanation

The Japanese verb '眠る (ねむる)' means 'to sleep'. It is used to describe the act of being in a state of rest where consciousness is suspended. This verb is often used in contexts where someone is sleeping deeply or peacefully. For example: I slept well last night「昨夜はよく眠った」(さくやはよくねむった). The baby is sleeping「赤ちゃんが眠っている」(あかちゃんがねむっている). It can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is dormant or inactive, such as '眠っている才能 (ねむっているさいのう)' (dormant talent).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1482

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Surroundings

Reading

Kanji

周Circumference 囲Surround

Explanation

The Japanese noun '周囲 (しゅうい)' refers to the area or environment around something or someone. It can describe physical surroundings, such as the area around a building, or the social environment, such as the people around a person. For example: The surroundings are quiet「周囲は静かです」(しゅういはしずかです). He is aware of his surroundings「彼は周囲に気を配っている」(かれはしゅういにはきをくばっている). This word is often used in contexts where the focus is on the environment or the people around a subject.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1483

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reach

Reading

Kanji

及Reach, Extend

Explanation

The Japanese verb '及ぶ (およぶ)' primarily means 'to reach' or 'to extend to'. It is often used to describe something that extends to a certain point, level, or degree. This verb can be used in both physical and abstract contexts. For example: The damage reached the entire city「被害は全市に及んだ」(ひがいぜんしにおよんだ). His influence extends to many fields「彼の影響は多くの分野に及ぶ」(かれのえいきょうはおおくのぶんやにおよぶ). Additionally, '及ぶ' can also imply 'to amount to' or 'to come to' in certain contexts, such as in the phrase '及ばずながら' (およばずながら), which means 'though it may not be enough'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1484

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Advancement

Reading

Kanji

進Advance 学Learn

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '進学 (しんがく)' refers to the act of advancing to a higher level of education, such as moving from high school to university. It is commonly used in the context of academic progression. For example: I plan to advance to university「私は大学に進学する予定です」(わたしはだいがくにしんがくするよていです). He advanced to graduate school「彼は大学院に進学しました」(かれはだいがくいんにしんがくしました). The term emphasizes the transition to a more advanced educational stage.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1485

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

3000

Reading

Kanji

三Three 千Thousand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '三千 (さんぜん)' means '3000'. It is a numerical term used to represent the number three thousand. This word is often used in contexts involving counting, quantities, or measurements. For example: there are 3000 people in the stadium「スタジアムには三千人がいます」(スタジアムにはさんぜんにんがいます). The price is 3000 yen「値段は三千円です」(ねだんはさんぜんえんです). It's important to note that '三千' is a specific numerical term and is used in formal or written contexts more often than in casual speech.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1486

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expansion, Magnification

Reading

Kanji

拡Expand, Broaden 大Big

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '拡大 (かくだい)' can mean either 'expansion' or 'magnification', depending on the context. When referring to 'expansion', it is often used in contexts like business growth, territorial expansion, or increasing the scope of something. For example: the expansion of the company「会社の拡大」(かいしゃのかくだい). When referring to 'magnification', it is used in contexts like enlarging images or objects, such as in photography or microscopy. For example: the magnification of the image「画像の拡大」(がぞうのかくだい). The word is versatile and can be applied to both physical and abstract concepts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1487

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Side dish

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'おかず (おかず)' refers to a 'side dish' that accompanies the main staple food, typically rice. It is an essential part of a Japanese meal and can include a variety of dishes such as vegetables, fish, meat, or pickles. The term emphasizes the complementary nature of the dish to the main meal. For example: I made a side dish for dinner「夕食におかずを作りました」(ゆうしょくにおかずをつくりました). This side dish goes well with rice「このおかずはご飯とよく合います」(このおかずはごはんとよくあいます). In casual contexts, 'おかず' can also refer to something that adds interest or variety to a situation, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1488

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Forest

Reading

Kanji

森Forest

Explanation

The Japanese noun '森 (もり)' means 'forest'. It refers to a large area covered with trees and undergrowth, typically larger than a grove but smaller than a jungle. This word is often used to describe natural landscapes and is commonly found in place names. For example: there is a big forest near my house「私の家の近くに大きな森があります」(わたしのいえのちかくにおおきなもりがあります). We went hiking in the forest「森にハイキングに行きました」(もりにはいきんぐにいきました). The word '森' can also evoke a sense of tranquility and natural beauty, often used in poetry and literature to describe serene and lush environments.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1489

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Field

Reading

Kanji

分Minute, Part 野Field

Explanation

The Japanese noun '分野 (ぶんや)' refers to a specific 'field' or 'area' of study, expertise, or activity. It is commonly used to describe a particular domain or sector, such as academic disciplines, professional areas, or specialized interests. For example: He is an expert in the field of medicine「彼は医学の分野の専門家です」(かれはいがくのぶんやのせんもんかです). This research covers various fields「この研究はさまざまな分野をカバーしています」(このけんきゅうはさまざまなぶんやをかばーしています). The word can also imply a scope or range within which something operates or is relevant.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1490

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hair

Reading

Kanji

髪Hair

Explanation

The Japanese noun '髪 (かみ)' refers to 'hair', specifically the hair on one's head. It is commonly used in everyday conversation to talk about hair care, hairstyles, or hair-related issues. For example: Her hair is long「彼女の髪は長い」(かのじょのかみはながい). I need to cut my hair「髪を切る必要がある」(かみをきるひつようがある). The word can also be used in compound words, such as '髪型 (かみがた)' meaning 'hairstyle'. Note that '髪' specifically refers to head hair and not body hair, which is typically referred to as '毛 (け)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1491

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Commute

Reading

Kanji

通Commute, Pass 勤Diligence

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '通勤 (つうきん)' refers to the act of commuting, specifically traveling between one's home and workplace. It is commonly used in contexts related to daily work routines and transportation. For example: My commute takes an hour「私の通勤は1時間かかります」(わたしのつうきんはいちじかんかかります). He commutes by train「彼は電車で通勤します」(かれはでんしゃでつうきんします). The word is often paired with verbs like する (to do) to form phrases like 通勤する (to commute). It is a key term in discussions about work-life balance and urban transportation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1492

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inside

Reading

Kanji

内Inside 部Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '内部 (ないぶ)' means 'inside' or 'interior'. It refers to the inner part or space of something, such as a building, object, or organization. This word is often used in formal or technical contexts. For example: the inside of the building is beautiful「建物の内部は美しい」(たてもののないぶはうつくしい). We need to investigate the inside of the organization「組織の内部を調査する必要がある」(そしきのないぶをちょうさするひつようがある). It can also be used metaphorically, such as when discussing the inner workings of a system or the internal aspects of a situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1493

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ratio

Reading

Kanji

割Divide, Split

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '割 (わり)' is used to indicate a ratio or proportion, often in the context of percentages or fractions. It is commonly used in financial, statistical, or everyday contexts to express how much of something is being divided or allocated. For example: a 30% discount「30%割引」(さんじゅっぱーせんとわりびき). The room is divided into two parts「部屋は二つに割られている」(へやはふたつにわられている). Note that '割' can also be used as a standalone noun meaning 'division' or 'split', but as a suffix, it primarily conveys the idea of proportion or ratio.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1494

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Calendar

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'カレンダー (karendaa)' means 'calendar'. It refers to a system or chart that shows the days, weeks, and months of a year. This word is commonly used in everyday life to refer to physical or digital calendars. For example: I checked the calendar「カレンダーを確認した」(カレンダーをかくにんした). The calendar on the wall is beautiful「壁のカレンダーはきれいだ」(かべのカレンダーはきれいだ). The word is a loanword from English, so it is written in katakana and widely understood in modern Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1495

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tradition

Reading

Kanji

伝Transmit 統Unite

Explanation

The Japanese noun '伝統 (でんとう)' means 'tradition'. It refers to customs, beliefs, practices, or cultural elements that have been passed down through generations. This word is often used to describe long-standing cultural practices or historical continuity. For example: Japanese tea ceremony is a tradition「日本の茶道は伝統です」(にほんのさどうはでんとうです). We must preserve our traditions「私たちは伝統を守らなければなりません」(わたしたちはでんとうをまもらなければなりません). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as 'traditional art' (伝統芸術, でんとうげいじゅつ) or 'traditional values' (伝統的価値観, でんとうてきかちかん).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1496

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Office

Reading

Kanji

事Thing 務Duty, Task 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '事務所 (じむしょ)' refers to an 'office', a place where administrative or professional work is conducted. This term is commonly used to describe the physical location where business activities, such as paperwork, meetings, and other clerical tasks, are carried out. It can be used in various contexts, such as a law office, a real estate office, or a general business office. For example: I went to the office today「今日、事務所に行きました」(きょう、じむしょにいきました). The office is on the third floor「事務所は三階にあります」(じむしょはさんがいにあります). The word is neutral and can be applied to both small and large offices, regardless of the specific type of work being done.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1497

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plan

Reading

Kanji

案Plan, Proposal

Explanation

The Japanese noun '案 (あん)' primarily means 'plan' or 'proposal'. It refers to a thought-out idea or strategy intended to achieve a specific goal. This word is often used in formal or business contexts, such as discussing project plans or proposals. For example: We need to discuss the plan「案を話し合う必要がある」(あんをはなしあうひつようがある). His proposal was accepted「彼の案は受け入れられた」(かれのあんはうけいれられた). Additionally, '案' can sometimes imply a draft or preliminary idea, as in '案を練る (あんをねる)', which means 'to refine a plan'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1498

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Union

Reading

Kanji

組Association, Group 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese noun '組合 (くみあい)' refers to a 'union', typically a labor union or trade union. It is used to describe an organized association of workers formed to protect and further their rights and interests. This term can also refer to other types of associations or cooperatives, such as a cooperative society or a guild. For example: He joined the labor union「彼は労働組合に入った」(かれはろうどうくみあいにはいった). The farmers' cooperative is strong「農民組合は強い」(のうみんくみあいはつよい). The word can also be used in a broader sense to refer to any kind of organized group or association, but it is most commonly associated with labor unions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1499

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Office

Reading

Kanji

事Thing 務Duty, Task 室Room

Explanation

The Japanese noun '事務室 (じむしつ)' refers to an 'office', specifically a room where administrative or clerical work is conducted. This term is commonly used in workplaces, schools, or institutions to denote a space dedicated to handling paperwork, management tasks, or other official duties. For example: The manager is in the office「マネージャーは事務室にいます」(マネージャーはじむしつにいます). Please submit the documents to the office「書類を事務室に提出してください」(しょるいをじむしつにていしゅつしてください). The word emphasizes the functional aspect of the space rather than its size or appearance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1500

Composition

kanji

Handwriting