言Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Frequency of Use

word

Meaning

Top, Above

Reading

Kanji

上Up

Explanation

The Japanese noun '上 (うえ)' primarily means 'above' or 'top'. It refers to a position that is higher relative to something else. It can also denote the surface of something or a superior position in a hierarchy. For example: The book is above the table「本はテーブルの上にある」(ほんはテーブルのうえにある). She is at the top of her class「彼女はクラスの上にいる」(かのじょはクラスのうえにいる). Additionally, '上' can be used metaphorically to indicate superiority or precedence, such as in '上を行く (うえをいく)', meaning 'to surpass' or 'to go beyond'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

101

Composition

kanji

Radical Form

丄

Handwriting

word

Meaning

But

Reading

Kanji

然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese conjunction '然し (しかし)' means 'but' and is used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or contradicts what has been said previously. It is a formal and slightly literary way of expressing contrast, often used in written language or formal speech. For example: I wanted to go, but I couldn't「行きたかったが、しかし行けなかった」(いきたかったが、しかしいけなかった). He is young, but very talented「彼は若いが、しかしとても才能がある」(かれはわかいが、しかしとてもさいのうがある). Note that 'しかし' can sometimes be replaced with the more casual 'でも' in informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

conjunction

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

102

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ordinal

Reading

Kanji

第Ordinal number

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '第 (だい)' is used to indicate ordinal numbers, similar to '1st', '2nd', '3rd' in English. It is commonly attached to numbers to denote order, rank, or sequence. For example: first place「第一位」(だいいちい). Second chapter「第二章」(だいにしょう). Third time「第三回」(だいさんかい). This prefix is often used in formal or structured contexts, such as academic chapters, competition rankings, or event iterations. It is important to note that '第' is always followed by a number and does not stand alone as a word.

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

103

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Take, Get

Reading

Kanji

取Take

Explanation

The Japanese verb '取る (とる)' primarily means 'to take' or 'to get'. It is a versatile verb used in various contexts, such as physically taking an object, capturing something, or obtaining something abstract like permission or a photograph. For example: I will take a photo「写真を取ります」(しゃしんをとります). He got permission「彼は許可を取りました」(かれはきょかをとりました). Additionally, it can be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '時間を取る (じかんをとる)' meaning 'to take time'. The verb is often used in everyday conversation and is essential for expressing actions related to acquiring or handling something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

104

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Listen, Ask

Reading

Kanji

聞Listen

Explanation

The Japanese verb '聞く (きく)' has two primary meanings: 'to ask' and 'to listen'. When used to mean 'to ask', it refers to inquiring or seeking information from someone. For example: I asked the teacher「先生に聞いた」(せんせいにきいた). When used to mean 'to listen', it refers to the act of hearing or paying attention to sounds or speech. For example: I listened to music「音楽を聞いた」(おんがくをきいた). The context usually clarifies which meaning is intended. Note that '聞く' is often used in polite requests, such as '聞いてください (きいてください)' (please listen/ask).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

105

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

House

Reading

Kanji

家House

Explanation

The Japanese noun '家 (いえ)' primarily means 'house'. It refers to a building where people live, a residence. It can also imply the concept of home or one's family. For example: This is my house「これは私の家です」(これはわたしのいえです). I am going home「家に帰ります」(いえにかえります). While '家' can sometimes be used to refer to one's family or household, its primary and most common usage is to denote a physical house or home.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

106

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Give

Reading

Kanji

下Down

Explanation

The Japanese verb '下さる (くださる)' is a humble and polite way to say 'give'. It is used when someone of higher status gives something to the speaker or someone in the speaker's in-group. This verb is often used to show respect and gratitude. For example: The teacher gave me a book「先生が本を下さいました」(せんせいがほんをくださいました). My boss gave me advice「上司がアドバイスを下さいました」(じょうしがアドバイスをくださいました). Note that '下さる' is the honorific form of 'くれる', and it is typically used in formal or respectful contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

107

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Spirit, Mood

Reading

Kanji

気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '気 (き)' is a versatile word that can refer to one's spirit, mood, or even attention. It is often used in various contexts to describe feelings, atmosphere, or mental state. For example: I'm in a good mood「気分がいい」(きぶんがいい). Pay attention「気をつけて」(きをつけて). The word '気' is also commonly used in compound words and expressions, such as '気持ち (きもち)' meaning 'feeling' or '気がつく (きがつく)' meaning 'to notice'. Its meaning can vary widely depending on the context, making it a fundamental concept in Japanese language and culture.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

108

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Love

Reading

Kanji

大Big 好Like, Fond

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '大好き (だいすき)' means 'love' or 'really like'. It is used to express strong affection or preference for something or someone. This word is often used in casual conversations to convey enthusiasm or deep fondness. For example: I love sushi「私は寿司が大好きです」(わたしはすしがだいすきです). He really likes cats「彼は猫が大好きです」(かれはねこがだいすきです). Note that '大好き' is stronger than '好き (すき)', which simply means 'like'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

109

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Know

Reading

Kanji

知Know

Explanation

The Japanese verb '知る (しる)' means 'to know' or 'to become aware of'. It is used to express knowledge or awareness of something, whether it is information, facts, or people. Unlike '分かる (わかる)', which implies understanding, '知る' focuses on the act of coming to know something. For example: I know that person「あの人を知っています」(あのひとをしっています). I just found out about the news「そのニュースを今知りました」(そのニュースをいましりました). It is often used in the past tense ('知った') to indicate the moment of realization or discovery.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

110

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Give

Reading

Kanji

呉Give, Wu China

Explanation

The Japanese verb '呉れる (くれる)' means 'to give' and is used when someone gives something to the speaker or someone close to the speaker. It implies a sense of favor or kindness from the giver's side. This verb is often used in casual speech and is conjugated differently from other verbs. For example: He gave me a book「彼は私に本をくれた」(かれはわたしにほんをくれた). My friend gave me a ride「友達が車で送ってくれた」(ともだちがくるまでおくってくれた). Note that 'くれる' is used when the action benefits the speaker or someone in the speaker's in-group, and it is often accompanied by a sense of gratitude.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

111

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inside

Reading

Kanji

内Inside

Explanation

The Japanese noun '内 (うち)' primarily means 'inside' or 'within'. It refers to the interior or internal part of something, whether physical or abstract. It can also imply a sense of belonging or being part of a group or family. For example: inside the house「家の内」(いえのうち). Our family「うちの家族」(うちのかぞく). Additionally, '内' can be used to contrast with '外 (そと)', meaning 'outside'. It is a versatile word often used in both literal and metaphorical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

112

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Healthy, Energetic

Reading

Kanji

気Spirit 元Origin

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '元気 (げんき)' primarily means 'healthy' or 'energetic'. It is commonly used to describe someone's physical or mental state, indicating they are in good health or full of energy. It can also be used as a greeting to ask about someone's well-being. For example: Are you feeling well?「元気ですか？」(げんきですか？). He is very energetic「彼はとても元気です」(かれはとてもげんきです). The word can also describe something lively or spirited, such as a lively atmosphere「元気な雰囲気」(げんきなふんいき). Note that '元気' is often used in casual conversations and is a positive, uplifting term.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

113

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nine hundred

Reading

Kanji

百Hundred 九Nine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '九百 (きゅうひゃく)' means 'nine hundred'. It is a specific number used in counting or referring to quantities. This word is typically used in contexts involving numbers, such as prices, distances, or counts. For example: The book costs nine hundred yen「その本は九百円です」(そのほんはきゅうひゃくえんです). The train is nine hundred meters away「電車は九百メートル先です」(でんしゃはきゅうひゃくメートルさきです). It's important to note that '九百' is a compound of '九 (きゅう)' meaning 'nine' and '百 (ひゃく)' meaning 'hundred', and it follows the standard Japanese numbering system.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

114

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thirty

Reading

Kanji

三Three 十Ten

Explanation

The Japanese noun '三十 (さんじゅう)' means 'thirty'. It is used to denote the number 30 in various contexts, such as age, quantity, or order. For example: I am thirty years old「私は三十歳です」(わたしはさんじゅうさいです). There are thirty books on the shelf「棚に三十冊の本があります」(たなにさんじゅうさつのほんがあります). This word is commonly used in everyday conversations and formal settings alike.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

115

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Enter

Reading

Kanji

入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese verb '入る (はいる)' means 'to enter' or 'to go into'. It is used to describe the action of moving into a space, such as a room, building, or container. It can also be used in abstract contexts, such as entering a state or condition. For example: I entered the room「部屋に入った」(へやにはいった). The cat went into the box「猫が箱に入った」(ねこがはこにはいった). Additionally, it can be used in expressions like 'to join' or 'to be included', such as in 'the price includes tax「値段に税が入っている」(ねだんにぜいがはいっている)'. Note that this verb is often paired with particles like に (ni) to indicate the destination or target of entry.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

116

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Put

Reading

Kanji

置Put

Explanation

The Japanese verb '置く (おく)' primarily means 'to put' or 'to place'. It is used to describe the action of placing an object in a specific location. This verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as placing items on a table, leaving something behind, or even metaphorically, like setting aside time. Example sentences: I put the book on the table「本をテーブルに置く」(ほんをテーブルにおく). Please leave the key here「鍵をここに置いてください」(かぎをここにおいてください). Note that '置く' can also imply leaving something in a state or condition, as in 'そのままにしておく (leave it as it is)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

117

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Use

Reading

Kanji

使Use

Explanation

The Japanese verb '使う (つかう)' means 'to use'. It is a common verb that describes the action of utilizing something for a purpose. It can be applied to objects, tools, money, time, or even abstract concepts like methods or strategies. For example: I use a pen to write「ペンを使って書く」(ペンをつかってかく). She uses her time wisely「彼女は時間を上手に使う」(かのじょはじかんをじょうずにつかう). The verb can also imply the act of spending or consuming, such as in 'お金を使う (おかねをつかう) (to spend money)'. It is important to note that '使う' is often used in combination with other verbs to express the means or method of doing something, as in '使ってみる (つかってみる) (to try using)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

118

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Other, Else

Radical Form Of

也

Reading

Kanji

他Other (亻)

Explanation

The Japanese noun '他 (た／ほか)' primarily means 'other' or 'else'. It is used to refer to something or someone different from what has been mentioned or is already known. The reading 'た' is more formal and often used in written contexts, while 'ほか' is more common in spoken language. For example: I have other plans「他に予定があります」(ほかによていがあります). Is there anything else?「他に何かありますか？」(ほかになにかありますか？). The word can also be used to indicate additional items or people, as in 'other people'「他の人」(ほかのひと). It's important to note that '他' can sometimes imply exclusion or contrast, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

119

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Child

Reading

Kanji

供Accompany, Offer 子Child

Explanation

The Japanese noun '子供 (こども)' means 'child'. It refers to a young person, typically below the age of puberty. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can refer to one's own children or children in general. For example: The child is playing「子供が遊んでいる」(こどもがあそんでいる). I have two children「私は子供が二人います」(わたしはこどもがふたりいます). It can also be used in a broader sense to refer to young people collectively, as in 'children's park'『子供の公園』(こどものこうえん). Note that '子供' is a neutral term and does not carry any specific connotations unless contextually implied.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

120

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

And

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese conjunction 'そして (soshite)' is used to connect sentences or clauses, similar to the English word 'and'. It indicates a sequence of events or addition of information. It is often used in both written and spoken Japanese to smoothly transition between ideas. For example: I woke up, and then I ate breakfast「私は起きました、そして朝ごはんを食べました」(わたしはおきました、そしてあさごはんをたべました). She studied hard, and then she passed the exam「彼女は一生懸命勉強しました、そして試験に合格しました」(かのじょはいっしょうけんめいべんきょうしました、そしてしけんにごうかくしました). Note that 'そして' is more formal than 'それから' and is typically used in written language or formal speech.

Part Of Speech

conjunction

Frequency

121

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Between

Reading

Kanji

間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese noun '間 (あいだ)' primarily means 'between' or 'interval'. It refers to the space, time, or relationship between two or more things. It can be used in both physical and abstract contexts. For example: the distance between the two buildings「二つの建物の間」(ふたつのたてもののあいだ). The time between lunch and dinner「昼食と夕食の間」(ちゅうしょくとゆうしょくのあいだ). Additionally, it can imply a relationship or connection, as in the relationship between friends「友達の間」(ともだちのあいだ). This word is versatile and widely used in various contexts to describe intervals or connections.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

122

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Close

Reading

Kanji

閉Close, Shut

Explanation

The Japanese verb '閉まる (しまる)' means 'to close'. It is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object and describes something closing on its own. This verb is often used to describe doors, windows, or shops closing. For example: The door closed「ドアが閉まった」(ドアがしまった). The store closes at 9 PM「店は9時に閉まる」(みせはくじにしまる). Note that '閉まる' is different from '閉める (しめる)', which is a transitive verb meaning 'to close something' (e.g., 'I closed the door'「ドアを閉めた」(ドアをしめた)).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

123

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Already, More

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'もう (もう)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'already', indicating that something has occurred or been completed by a certain time. For example: I have already eaten「もう食べました」(もうたべました). The second meaning is 'more', often used to express an additional amount or degree. For example: I want more「もう欲しい」(もうほしい). The context in which 'もう' is used can significantly alter its meaning, so it's important to pay attention to the surrounding words and the overall situation. Additionally, 'もう' can be used to express impatience or urgency, as in 'もういいですか？' (もういいですか？) meaning 'Is it ready yet?' or 'Can we start now?'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

124

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

There

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun 'そこ (soko)' means 'there'. It refers to a location that is near the listener but not near the speaker. It is commonly used to indicate a place that is relatively close to the person being spoken to. For example: Is the book there?「本はそこにありますか？」(ほんはそこにありますか？). Please put it there「そこに置いてください」(そこにおいてください). 'そこ' can also be used metaphorically to refer to a point in a conversation or situation, such as 'そこが問題です' (そこがもんだいです) meaning 'That is the problem.'

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Frequency

125

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Here

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun 'ここ (koko)' means 'here'. It is used to indicate a specific location that is close to the speaker. This word is often used in everyday conversations to point out places or to describe where something is located. For example: The book is here「本はここです」(ほんはここです). Let's meet here「ここで会いましょう」(ここであいましょう). It's important to note that 'ここ' is used when the location is near the speaker, while 'そこ (soko)' is used for locations near the listener, and 'あそこ (asoko)' for locations far from both.

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Frequency

126

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

You

Reading

Kanji

貴Precious 方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun '貴方 (あなた)' is a polite and formal way to say 'you'. It is commonly used in situations where the speaker wants to show respect or maintain a certain level of formality. However, in modern Japanese, it can also be used between close acquaintances or in romantic contexts. For example: Where are you going?「貴方はどこに行きますか？」(あなたはどこにいきますか？). I love you「貴方を愛しています」(あなたをあいしています). Note that overusing 'あなた' can sometimes sound distant or impersonal, so it is often omitted when the subject is clear from context.

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

127

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Question, Problem

Reading

Kanji

問Question, Problem 題Topic

Explanation

The Japanese noun '問題 (もんだい)' can mean either 'problem' or 'question', depending on the context. As 'problem', it refers to an issue or difficulty that needs to be resolved. For example: there is a problem with the computer「コンピューターに問題がある」(コンピューターにもんだいがある). As 'question', it refers to a query or an item on a test. For example: I have a question「問題があります」(もんだいがあります). This word is commonly used in both academic and everyday situations, and its meaning is usually clear from the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

128

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reason, Meaning

Reading

Kanji

訳Reason, Translation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '訳 (わけ)' can mean 'reason' or 'meaning'. It is often used to explain the cause or rationale behind something, or to clarify the meaning of a situation or statement. For example: There's a reason why I can't go「私が行けない訳がある」(わたしがいけないわけがある). What does this mean?「これはどういう訳ですか？」(これはどういうわけですか？). It can also be used in expressions like 'わけがない' (わけがない) to mean 'there's no way' or 'it's impossible', as in 'There's no way he could know that'「彼がそれを知っているわけがない」(かれがそれをしっているわけがない).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

129

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Face, Oppose

Reading

Kanji

対Against

Explanation

The Japanese verb '対する (たいする)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to face' or 'to be opposite to', often used in a physical or metaphorical sense. The second meaning is 'to oppose' or 'to confront', indicating a stance against something. This verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as describing physical orientation, emotional confrontation, or opposition in opinions or actions. For example: The house faces the park「その家は公園に対する」(そのいえはこうえんにたいする). He opposed the new policy「彼は新しい政策に対した」(かれはあたらしいせいさくにたいした). It's important to note that '対する' often requires a particle like 'に' to indicate the target of the action.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

130

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

After

Reading

Kanji

後After, Behind

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '後 (あと)' means 'after'. It is commonly used to indicate a sequence of events or time, such as something happening after another event. It can also imply 'later' or 'remaining'. For example: I'll eat after studying「勉強した後で食べます」(べんきょうしたあとでたべます). There are three left「後三つあります」(あとみっつあります). The word can also be used in phrases like '後で (あとで)' to mean 'later' or 'afterwards'. It is important to note that '後' can also function as a noun meaning 'later' or 'behind', but as an adverb, it primarily conveys the idea of 'after' in terms of time or sequence.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

131

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Time, Degree

Reading

Kanji

度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese noun '度 (ど)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'degree', referring to the extent, level, or measurement of something, such as temperature or angles. For example: The temperature is 30 degrees「温度は30度です」(おんどは30どです). The second meaning is 'time', referring to an occurrence or instance of an event. For example: This is the first time I've been here「ここに来るのは初めての度です」(ここにくるのははじめてのどです). The word is versatile and context-dependent, so it's important to pay attention to how it's used in sentences.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

132

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Same

Reading

Kanji

同Same

Explanation

The Japanese determiner '同じ (おなじ)' means 'same'. It is used to indicate that two or more things are identical or unchanged. This word can be used to compare objects, people, situations, or ideas. For example: we have the same bag「私たちは同じバッグを持っています」(わたしたちはおなじバッグをもっています). This is the same as yesterday「これは昨日と同じです」(これはきのうとおなじです). Note that '同じ' is often followed by the particle 'の' when modifying a noun, as in '同じ色 (おなじいろ) (same color)'.

Part Of Speech

determiner

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

133

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hand

Reading

Kanji

手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '手 (て)' primarily means 'hand'. It refers to the physical part of the body, but it can also be used metaphorically to indicate involvement, skill, or possession. For example: I washed my hands「手を洗った」(てをあらった). He has a skilled hand「彼は手が器用だ」(かれはてがきようだ). Additionally, '手' can be part of compound words to denote different types of hands or actions involving hands, such as '手紙 (てがみ)' meaning 'letter' (literally 'hand paper').

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

134

Composition

kanji

Radical Form

扌

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Morning

Reading

Kanji

朝Morning

Explanation

The Japanese noun '朝 (あさ)' means 'morning'. It refers to the early part of the day, typically from sunrise until around noon. This word is commonly used in daily conversations to describe activities or events that occur during this time. For example: I wake up early in the morning「私は朝早く起きます」(わたしはあさはやくおきます). The morning sun is beautiful「朝の太陽は美しい」(あさのたいようはうつくしい). It can also be used in compound words like '朝ごはん (あさごはん)' meaning 'breakfast' or '朝日 (あさひ)' meaning 'morning sun'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

135

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Many

Reading

Kanji

多Many

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '多い (おおい)' means 'many' or 'a lot'. It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. This adjective is often used to modify nouns or to describe situations where there is an abundance of something. For example: There are many people「人が多い」(ひとがおおい). There are many books「本が多い」(ほんがおおい). It can also be used in comparative or superlative forms, such as 'もっと多い (もっとおおい)' (more) or '一番多い (いちばんおおい)' (the most). Note that '多い' is typically used in its adjectival form and does not conjugate like verbs.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

136

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Time

Reading

Kanji

時Time, Hour 間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese noun '時間 (じかん)' primarily means 'time'. It refers to the concept of time as a measurable quantity, such as hours, minutes, or seconds. It can also refer to a specific period or duration. For example: I don't have time「時間がない」(じかんがない). It takes two hours「2時間かかります」(にじかんかかります). Additionally, '時間' can be used to describe a scheduled time or appointment, as in 'What time is the meeting?「会議は何時間ですか？」(かいぎはなんじかんですか？)'. This word is versatile and commonly used in daily conversations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

137

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Put

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'おく (oku)' primarily means 'to put' or 'to place'. It is used to describe the action of placing something in a specific location. This verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as placing objects, arranging items, or even setting something aside for later use. For example: I put the book on the table「本をテーブルに置く」(ほんをテーブルにおく). She placed the flowers in the vase「花を花瓶に置いた」(はなをかびんにおいた). Additionally, 'おく' can be used in compound verbs to indicate doing something in advance, such as '準備しておく (じゅんびしておく)' meaning 'to prepare in advance'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

138

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tonight

Reading

Kanji

今Now 晩Evening, Nightfall

Explanation

The Japanese noun '今晩 (こんばん)' means 'tonight'. It refers to the current evening or the night of the current day. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to indicate plans, events, or conditions occurring during the evening or night. For example: I will study tonight「今晩勉強します」(こんばんべんきょうします). The weather is nice tonight「今晩は天気がいい」(こんばんはてんきがいい). It is often used in greetings like '今晩は (こんばんは)', which translates to 'good evening'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

139

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Start, Take out

Reading

Kanji

出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '出す (だす)' has multiple meanings depending on the context. One common meaning is 'to take out' or 'to remove something from a place'. For example: I took out the trash「ゴミを出した」(ごみをだした). Another meaning is 'to start' or 'to begin something'. For example: He started running「彼は走り出した」(かれははしりだした). The verb is versatile and can be used in various situations, such as taking out an object from a bag, starting a new activity, or even expressing the beginning of a natural phenomenon like rain starting to fall. It's important to pay attention to the context to understand which meaning is being used.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

140

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Human

Reading

Kanji

人Person 間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人間 (にんげん)' refers to 'human' or 'human being'. It is used to describe people in general, often emphasizing their nature, behavior, or existence as part of the human species. This term can be used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: Humans are social creatures「人間は社会的な生き物だ」(にんげんはしゃかいてきないきものだ). He is a kind human「彼は優しい人間だ」(かれはやさしいにんげんだ). The word can also carry philosophical or existential connotations, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

141

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Change

Reading

Kanji

化Change

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '化 (か)' is used to indicate a transformation, change, or conversion into a certain state or condition. It is often attached to nouns to form new nouns or verbs, signifying the process of becoming or making something into the state described by the root word. For example: modernization「近代化」(きんだいか). urbanization「都市化」(としか). It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as in the word simplification「簡素化」(かんそか). This suffix is versatile and widely used in both technical and everyday language to describe processes of change.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

142

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ten thousand

Reading

Kanji

万Ten thousand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '万 (まん)' means 'ten thousand'. It is used to denote the number 10,000 and is commonly used in contexts involving large quantities or sums. For example: ten thousand yen「一万円」(いちまんえん). There are ten thousand people「一万人がいます」(いちまんにんがいます). It's important to note that '万' is often combined with other numbers to form larger numbers, such as '十万 (じゅうまん)' for 100,000 or '百万 (ひゃくまん)' for 1,000,000.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

143

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Like this

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'こう (こう)' means 'like this' or 'in this way'. It is used to indicate a manner, method, or state that is being demonstrated or referred to. It is often used in conjunction with gestures or explanations to clarify how something is done or how something is. For example: Do it like this「こうやって」(こうやって). I feel like this「こう感じる」(こうかんじる). The adverb 'こう' is versatile and can be used in various contexts to describe actions, feelings, or states in a demonstrative manner.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

144

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Story

Reading

Kanji

話Talk

Explanation

The Japanese noun '話 (はなし)' primarily means 'story'. It refers to a narrative or account of events, either real or fictional. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can refer to a wide range of topics, from personal anecdotes to fairy tales. For example: I heard an interesting story「面白い話を聞いた」(おもしろいはなしをきいた). Tell me a story「話をして」(はなしをして). Additionally, '話' can also refer to a conversation or discussion, but in this context, it is more about the content being discussed rather than the act of talking itself. For example: We had a long conversation about the future「将来について長い話をした」(しょうらいについてながいはなしをした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

145

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Country

Reading

Kanji

国Country

Explanation

The Japanese noun '国 (くに)' primarily means 'country' or 'nation'. It refers to a sovereign state or a land with its own government, culture, and people. It can also be used in a broader sense to refer to one's homeland or native country. For example: I love my country「私は国が大好きです」(わたしはくにがだいすきです). This country is beautiful「この国は美しい」(このくにはうつくしい). In some contexts, it can also refer to a region or province, especially in historical or literary settings. For instance, in ancient Japan, '国' was used to denote feudal domains or provinces.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

146

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Make, Create

Reading

Kanji

作Make

Explanation

The Japanese verb '作る (つくる)' primarily means 'to make' or 'to create'. It is used to describe the act of producing, constructing, or forming something. This verb can be applied to a wide range of contexts, such as making food, creating art, or building objects. For example: I made dinner「夕食を作った」(ゆうしょくをつくった). She created a beautiful painting「彼女は美しい絵を作った」(かのじょはうつくしいえをつくった). The nuance of '作る' often implies a deliberate and thoughtful process of creation, whether it's something tangible or abstract.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

147

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Man

Reading

Kanji

男Man

Explanation

The Japanese noun '男 (おとこ)' means 'man'. It refers to an adult human male. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can be used to describe someone's gender, role, or identity. For example: that man is tall「あの男は背が高い」(あのおとこはせがたかい). He is a strong man「彼は強い男だ」(かれはつよいおとこだ). The word can also be used in compound words, such as '男の子 (おとこのこ)' (boy) or '男らしい (おとこらしい)' (manly).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

148

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hundred

Reading

Kanji

百Hundred

Explanation

The Japanese noun '百 (ひゃく)' means 'hundred'. It is used to denote the number 100. This word is commonly used in counting, pricing, and other contexts where numbers are involved. For example: there are a hundred people「百人がいます」(ひゃくにんがいます). This book costs a hundred yen「この本は百円です」(このほんはひゃくえんです). It's important to note that '百' can be combined with other numbers to form larger numbers, such as '二百 (にひゃく)' for 200 or '三百 (さんびゃく)' for 300.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

149

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Society

Reading

Kanji

社Company 会Meet

Explanation

The Japanese noun '社会 (しゃかい)' refers to 'society' as a whole, encompassing the collective organization of people, communities, and institutions. It is often used in contexts discussing social structures, norms, or issues. For example: Society is changing rapidly「社会は急速に変化している」(しゃかいはきゅうそくにへんかしている). He works for the benefit of society「彼は社会の利益のために働いている」(かれはしゃかいのりえきのためにはたらいている). The term can also refer to specific social groups or communities, such as 'business society' (ビジネス社会) or 'school society' (学校社会).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

150

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Such

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese determiner 'そんな (そんな)' is used to indicate something of a certain kind or degree, often with a nuance of surprise, disbelief, or emphasis. It is commonly used in casual conversation and can modify nouns directly. For example: I didn't know such a thing existed「そんなものがあるなんて知らなかった」(そんなものがあるなんてしらなかった). Why would you say such a thing?「そんなこと言うの？」(そんなこというの？). It can also be used in expressions like 'そんなに (そんなに)' to mean 'so much' or 'to such an extent', as in 'I didn't know it was so expensive'「そんなに高いとは知らなかった」(そんなにたかいとはしらなかった).

Part Of Speech

determiner

Frequency

151

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

I

Reading

Kanji

僕I, Me

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun '僕 (ぼく)' is a first-person pronoun meaning 'I'. It is primarily used by males and carries a casual, humble, or boyish tone. It is often used in informal settings and can convey a sense of modesty or youthfulness. For example: I am a student「僕は学生です」(ぼくはがくせいです). I like this song「僕はこの歌が好きです」(ぼくはこのうたがすきです). While it is commonly used by younger males, some older men may also use it to maintain a casual or approachable tone. It is less formal than '私 (わたし)' and should be avoided in very formal or professional contexts.

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

152

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Conduct

Reading

Kanji

行Go

Explanation

The Japanese verb '行う (おこなう)' means 'to conduct' or 'to carry out'. It is used to describe performing or executing an action, event, or task. This verb is often used in formal or official contexts, such as conducting a meeting, carrying out a ceremony, or performing a task. For example: The company will conduct a meeting「会社は会議を行う」(かいしゃはかいぎをおこなう). The ceremony was carried out smoothly「式典は円滑に行われた」(しきてんはえんかつにおこなわれた). Note that '行う' is typically used for planned or organized activities rather than spontaneous actions.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

153

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Face

Reading

Kanji

顔Face

Explanation

The Japanese noun '顔 (かお)' means 'face'. It refers to the front part of a person's head, from the forehead to the chin, including the eyes, nose, and mouth. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can also be used metaphorically to represent one's expression, appearance, or reputation. For example: She has a beautiful face「彼女は顔がきれいです」(かのじょはかおがきれいです). I can't show my face there「私はそこに顔を出せない」(わたしはそこにかおをだせない). The word '顔' can also be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '顔を出す (かおをだす)', which means 'to show up' or 'to make an appearance'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

154

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fifty

Reading

Kanji

十Ten 五Five

Explanation

The Japanese noun '五十 (ごじゅう)' means 'fifty'. It is a number used to denote the quantity or position of something in a sequence. For example: there are fifty students in the class「クラスには五十人の学生がいます」(クラスにはごじゅうにんのがくせいがいます). This is the fifty page「これは五十ページです」(これはごじゅうページです). It's important to note that this noun is often used in combination with other words to specify quantities or positions, as in '五十人 (ごじゅうにん) (fifty people)' or '五十番 (ごじゅうばん) (number fifty)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

155

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Become known

Reading

Kanji

知Know

Explanation

The Japanese verb '知れる (しれる)' means 'to become known' or 'to be discovered'. It is often used to describe situations where information or secrets are gradually revealed or come to light. This verb can be used in both positive and negative contexts, depending on what is being revealed. For example: the truth became known「真実が知れた」(しんじつがしれた). His secret was discovered「彼の秘密が知れた」(かれのひみつがしれた). Note that '知れる' is often used in passive or indirect contexts, emphasizing that the information comes out without direct action from the subject.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

156

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Next

Reading

Kanji

次Next

Explanation

The Japanese noun '次 (つぎ)' means 'next'. It is commonly used to refer to the following item, event, or point in a sequence. For example: the next station is Shinjuku「次の駅は新宿です」(つぎのえきはしんじゅくです). What's next?「次は何ですか？」(つぎはなんですか？). It can also be used in contexts like 'next time' or 'next step'. For instance: see you next time「また次会いましょう」(またつぎあいましょう). The nuance of '次' often implies a continuation or progression in a sequence, making it a versatile word in both casual and formal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

157

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Well, Often

Reading

Kanji

良Good

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '良く (よく)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'often', indicating frequency. For example: I often go to the park「私はよく公園に行きます」(わたしはよくこうえんにいきます). The second meaning is 'well', indicating quality or manner. For example: She sings well「彼女はよく歌います」(かのじょはよくうたいます). The context usually clarifies which meaning is intended. When used to mean 'well', it often describes how something is done or the state of something. When used to mean 'often', it typically precedes a verb to indicate regularity.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

158

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Car

Reading

Kanji

車Car

Explanation

The Japanese noun '車 (くるま)' primarily means 'car'. It refers to a motor vehicle with four wheels, typically powered by an internal combustion engine or an electric motor, used for transportation. This word can also refer to vehicles in a broader sense, including trains or carts, depending on the context. Example sentences: I bought a new car「新しい車を買いました」(あたらしいくるまをかいました). The car is fast「その車は速いです」(そのくるまははやいです). Note that while '車' can sometimes refer to other wheeled vehicles, its most common and primary meaning is 'car'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

159

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Word

Reading

Kanji

葉Leaf 言Say

Explanation

The Japanese noun '言葉 (ことば)' refers to 'word' or 'language'. It encompasses spoken or written expressions used to communicate ideas, feelings, or information. This term is often used in contexts discussing communication, linguistics, or the power of language. For example: Her words were kind「彼女の言葉は優しかった」(かのじょのことばはやさしかった). I want to learn Japanese words「日本語の言葉を学びたい」(にほんごのことばをまなびたい). The word can also imply deeper meanings, such as the essence of communication or the way something is expressed.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

160

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Write

Reading

Kanji

書Write

Explanation

The Japanese verb '書く (かく)' means 'to write'. It is used to describe the action of writing something down, such as words, letters, or notes. This verb is commonly used in various contexts, from writing a letter to taking notes in class. For example: I write a letter「手紙を書く」(てがみをかく). She writes her name「彼女は名前を書く」(かのじょはなまえをかく). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe the act of composing or creating written content, such as writing a book or an article.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

161

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attach, Turn on

Reading

Kanji

付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '付ける (つける)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to attach' or 'to affix', referring to physically adding something to another object. For example: I attached a label to the box「箱にラベルを付けた」(はこにラベルをつけた). The second meaning is 'to turn on' (a device or light). For example: She turned on the light「彼女は電気を付けた」(かのじょはでんきをつけた). This verb is versatile and widely used in daily conversations. It can also imply adding something abstract, like skills or habits, as in 'to acquire a habit' (習慣を付ける, しゅうかんをつける).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

162

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Child

Reading

Kanji

子Child

Explanation

The Japanese noun '子 (こ)' primarily means 'child'. It is a common and versatile term used to refer to a young person, typically under the age of 12. It can also be used affectionately or informally to refer to someone younger, regardless of biological relation. For example: That child is cute「あの子はかわいい」(あのこはかわいい). My child is studying「私の子は勉強している」(わたしのこはべんきょうしている). Additionally, '子' can sometimes refer to offspring in a broader sense, such as in animals or plants, but this usage is less common in everyday conversation. The word is neutral in tone and widely used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

163

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Forty

Reading

Kanji

十Ten 四Four

Explanation

The Japanese noun '四十 (よんじゅう)' means 'forty'. It is used to represent the number 40 in Japanese. This word is commonly used in contexts involving counting, age, or quantities. For example: I am forty years old「私は四十歳です」(わたしはよんじゅうさいです). There are forty students in the class「クラスには四十人の学生がいます」(クラスにはよんじゅうにんのがくせいがいます). Note that '四十' is often combined with other counters or words to specify quantities, such as '四十人 (よんじゅうにん)' for 'forty people' or '四十日 (よんじゅうにち)' for 'forty days'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

164

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Meaning

Reading

Kanji

意Idea 味Flavor

Explanation

The Japanese noun '意味 (いみ)' refers to the 'meaning' or 'significance' of something. It is commonly used to inquire about or explain the definition, purpose, or implication of words, actions, or events. For example: What is the meaning of this word?「この言葉の意味は何ですか？」(このことばのいみはなんですか？). The meaning of life is a profound question「人生の意味は深い質問です」(じんせいのいみはふかいしつもんです). This word is versatile and can be used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

165

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

As it is

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'まま (mama)' means 'as it is' or 'in its current state'. It is used to describe something remaining unchanged or being left in its original condition. This word often conveys a sense of continuity or lack of alteration. For example: leave it as it is「そのままにしておいて」(そのままにしておいて). She ate the cake as it was「彼女はケーキをそのまま食べた」(かのじょはケーキをそのままたべた). It can also imply a natural or unforced state, as in 'let things take their course'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

166

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nearby

Reading

Kanji

近Near

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '近く (ちかく)' means 'nearby' or 'close by'. It is used to indicate proximity in terms of physical distance. This word can be used to describe the location of places, objects, or people relative to something else. For example: The station is nearby「駅は近くです」(えきはちかくです). There is a convenience store nearby「近くにコンビニがあります」(ちかくにコンビニがあります). It can also be used to indicate that something is close in time, such as '近くに夏休みが来ます (ちかくになつやすみがきます) (Summer vacation is coming soon)'. Note that '近く' can also function as a noun meaning 'vicinity' or 'neighborhood', but as an adverb, it primarily conveys the idea of being nearby.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

167

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strength

Reading

Kanji

力Power

Explanation

The Japanese noun '力 (ちから)' primarily means 'strength' or 'power'. It can refer to physical strength, mental strength, or even the power of influence. This word is versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as describing a person's physical ability, the force of nature, or the effectiveness of an argument. For example: He has great strength「彼は力がある」(かれはちからがある). The power of nature is amazing「自然の力はすごい」(しぜんのちからはすごい). It's also commonly used in compound words, such as '体力 (たいりょく)' (physical strength) or '学力 (がくりょく)' (academic ability).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

168

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Receive

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'もらう (morau)' means 'to receive' or 'to get something from someone'. It is often used to express receiving a favor, gift, or help from another person. The giver is typically marked with the particle 'から (kara)' or 'に (ni)'. For example: I received a book from my friend「友達から本をもらった」(ともだちからほんをもらった). She got help from her teacher「先生に助けてもらった」(せんせいにたすけてもらった). Note that 'もらう' often implies gratitude or appreciation for the act of receiving. It can also be used in a more casual sense, such as receiving permission or advice.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

169

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Teach

Reading

Kanji

教Teach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '教える (おしえる)' means 'to teach'. It is used when someone imparts knowledge, skills, or information to another person. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as teaching a subject, giving instructions, or sharing information. For example: I will teach you Japanese「日本語を教えます」(にほんごをおしえます). Can you teach me how to cook?「料理の仕方を教えてくれますか？」(りょうりのしかたをおしえてくれますか？). The verb can also imply showing or telling someone something they didn't know, as in 'He taught me the way to the station'「彼は駅への道を教えてくれた」(かれはえきへのみちをおしえてくれた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

170

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Heart, Mind

Reading

Kanji

心Heart

Explanation

The Japanese noun '心 (こころ)' can mean both 'heart' and 'mind', depending on the context. It refers to the emotional or mental state of a person, encompassing feelings, thoughts, and intentions. For example: Her heart is kind「彼女の心は優しい」(かのじょのこころはやさしい). I want to understand his mind「彼の心を理解したい」(かれのこころをりかいしたい). The word is often used in expressions related to emotions, such as '心が痛む (こころがいたむ)' (to feel heartache) or '心を込める (こころをこめる)' (to put one's heart into something). It can also refer to the core or essence of something, as in '心の声 (こころのこえ)' (inner voice).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

171

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Call, Hang

Reading

Kanji

掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese verb '掛ける (かける)' has multiple meanings depending on the context. One primary meaning is 'to hang' something, such as hanging a picture on a wall. For example: I will hang the picture「絵を掛けます」(えをかけます). Another meaning is 'to call' someone, typically used in the context of making a phone call. For example: I will call my friend「友達に電話を掛けます」(ともだちにでんわをかけます). The verb is versatile and can be used in various situations, so understanding the context is crucial for accurate usage.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

172

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Era

Reading

Kanji

時Time, Hour 代Substitute, Era

Explanation

The Japanese noun '時代 (じだい)' refers to a period of time, often characterized by particular events, trends, or cultural aspects. It can be used to describe historical periods, such as the Edo era, or more abstract concepts like the 'digital age'. For example: the Edo era was a peaceful time「江戸時代は平和な時代だった」(えどじだいはへいわなじだいだった). We live in the digital age「私たちはデジタル時代に生きている」(わたしたちはでじたるじだいにいきている). The word can also be used to describe someone's personal 'era' or phase in life, such as 'my student days'「私の学生時代」(わたしのがくせいじだい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

173

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

She, Girlfriend

Reading

Kanji

彼Third person pronoun, He 女Woman

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun '彼女 (かのじょ)' has two primary meanings. First, it is used to mean 'she', referring to a female person. For example: She is my friend「彼女は私の友達です」(かのじょはわたしのともだちです). Second, it can also mean 'girlfriend', referring to a romantic partner. For example: She is my girlfriend「彼女は私の彼女です」(かのじょはわたしのかのじょです). The context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended. When used to mean 'girlfriend', it is often clear from the situation or additional context in the conversation.

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

174

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

All

Reading

Kanji

全Whole, All 部Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '全部 (ぜんぶ)' means 'all' or 'entirely'. It is used to refer to the whole quantity or extent of something, leaving nothing out. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can be applied to objects, actions, or abstract concepts. For example: I ate all the cake「ケーキを全部食べた」(ケーキをぜんぶたべた). All the students came「学生は全部来た」(がくせいはぜんぶきた). It can also be used in negative sentences, such as: I didn't understand all of it「全部は分からなかった」(ぜんぶはわからなかった). Note that '全部' is often used with verbs to emphasize completeness.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

175

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

World

Reading

Kanji

世World, Generation 界World

Explanation

The Japanese noun '世界 (せかい)' means 'world'. It refers to the entire planet, the global community, or a specific realm or domain. This word is commonly used in contexts discussing global issues, geography, or abstract concepts like 'world of dreams'. For example: The world is vast「世界は広い」(せかいはひろい). I want to travel the world「世界を旅したい」(せかいをたびしたい). It can also be used metaphorically, as in 'the world of art'「芸術の世界」(げいじゅつのせかい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

176

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Obtain

Reading

Kanji

得Acquire

Explanation

The Japanese verb '得る (える)' means 'to obtain' or 'to gain'. It is used to express the acquisition of something, whether it be a physical object, knowledge, or an abstract concept. This verb is often used in formal or written contexts. For example: He obtained valuable experience「彼は貴重な経験を得た」(かれはきちょうなけいけんをえた). It is also used in negative forms to indicate something that is difficult or impossible to obtain, as in '得られない (えない)' (cannot obtain). Note that '得る' can sometimes be used in a more abstract sense, such as gaining understanding or insight.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

177

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ninety

Reading

Kanji

十Ten 九Nine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '九十 (きゅうじゅう)' means 'ninety'. It is a number used to represent the quantity 90. This word is commonly used in contexts involving counting, age, or numerical values. For example: I am ninety years old「私は九十歳です」(わたしはきゅうじゅうさいです). The temperature is ninety degrees「温度は九十度です」(おんどはきゅうじゅうどです). Note that '九十' is often used in formal or written contexts, while '90' (in numerals) is more common in casual or modern settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

178

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Who

Reading

Kanji

誰Who

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun '誰 (だれ)' means 'who'. It is used to ask about the identity of a person or people. This pronoun is commonly used in questions to inquire about someone's name, role, or identity. For example: Who is that person?「あの人は誰ですか？」(あのひとはだれですか？). Who ate the cake?「誰がケーキを食べたの？」(だれがケーキをたべたの？). It can also be used in statements when the identity is unknown or unspecified, such as 'I don't know who did it'「誰がやったのかわからない」(だれがやったのかわからない). Note that '誰' is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

179

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

When

Reading

Kanji

時Time, Hour 何What

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun '何時 (いつ)' means 'when'. It is used to ask about or refer to a specific time or occasion. This word is commonly used in questions to inquire about the timing of events. For example: When will you come?「いつ来ますか？」(いつきますか？). When is your birthday?「誕生日はいつですか？」(たんじょうびはいつですか？). It can also be used in statements to refer to an unspecified time, as in 'I don't know when it will happen'「いつ起こるか分からない」(いつおこるかわからない).

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

180

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Where

Reading

Kanji

処Deal with 何What

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun '何処 (どこ)' means 'where'. It is used to ask about the location of something or someone. This pronoun is commonly used in questions to inquire about places or directions. For example: Where is the station?「駅は何処ですか？」(えきはどこですか？). Where did you go?「何処に行きましたか？」(どこにいきましたか？). It can also be used in statements to indicate an unknown or unspecified location, such as 'I don't know where it is'「何処にあるか分からない」(どこにあるかわからない). The word '何処' is often written in hiragana as 'どこ' in modern Japanese, but the kanji form is still used in formal or literary contexts.

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

181

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Woman

Reading

Kanji

女Woman

Explanation

The Japanese noun '女 (おんな)' means 'woman'. It refers to an adult human female. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation and can be neutral or slightly informal depending on the context. For example: that woman is my teacher「あの女は私の先生です」(あのおんなはわたしのせんせいです). The woman over there is waiting「あそこの女の人が待っています」(あそこのおんなのひとがまっています). Note that '女' can sometimes carry a slightly informal or direct tone, so in more polite or formal contexts, alternatives like '女性 (じょせい)' might be preferred.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

182

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Company

Reading

Kanji

社Company 会Meet

Explanation

The Japanese noun '会社 (かいしゃ)' means 'company' or 'corporation'. It refers to a business organization or enterprise. This word is commonly used in professional and everyday contexts to describe workplaces or businesses. For example: I work at a company「私は会社で働いています」(わたしはかいしゃではたらいています). That company is famous「その会社は有名です」(そのかいしゃはゆうめいです). The word can also be used in compound terms like '会社員 (かいしゃいん)' (company employee) or '会社案内 (かいしゃあんない)' (company introduction).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

183

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Voice

Reading

Kanji

声Voice

Explanation

The Japanese noun '声 (こえ)' means 'voice'. It refers to the sound produced by a person or animal when speaking, singing, or making noise. This word is commonly used in various contexts, such as describing someone's voice, expressing emotions through voice, or referring to vocal sounds in general. For example: Her voice is beautiful「彼女の声は美しい」(かのじょのこえはうつくしい). I heard a loud voice「大きな声が聞こえた」(おおきなこえがきこえた). The word can also be used metaphorically to represent opinions or support, as in 'the voice of the people'「人々の声」(ひとびとのこえ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

184

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Work

Reading

Kanji

事Thing 仕Serve

Explanation

The Japanese noun '仕事 (しごと)' means 'work'. It refers to one's job, occupation, or tasks performed as part of employment. It can also refer to the act of working itself. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: I have a lot of work today「今日は仕事が多い」(きょうはしごとがおおい). She loves her work「彼女は仕事が大好きです」(かのじょはしごとがだいすきです). The word can also be used in phrases like '仕事をする (しごとをする)' meaning 'to do work' or '仕事を探す (しごとをさがす)' meaning 'to look for a job'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

185

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Companion

Reading

Kanji

共Together

Explanation

The Japanese noun '共 (とも)' primarily means 'companion' or 'someone who accompanies another'. It is often used to refer to a person who shares an experience or journey with someone else. For example: He is my companion「彼は私の共だ」(かれはわたしのともだ). We are companions in this journey「私たちはこの旅の共だ」(わたしたちはこのたびのともだ). Additionally, '共' can sometimes imply a sense of equality or shared status, as in '共に戦う (ともにたたかう) (to fight together)'. It is important to note that '共' is often used in a more formal or literary context, and in everyday conversation, words like '友達 (ともだち)' might be more commonly used to refer to friends or companions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

186

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Years old

Reading

Kanji

歳Year, Years old

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '歳 (さい)' is used to indicate age, specifically meaning 'years old'. It is attached to numbers to express someone's age. For example: I am 20 years old「私は20歳です」(わたしはにじゅっさいです). He is 5 years old「彼は5歳です」(かれはごさいです). This suffix is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts when discussing age. It is important to note that the pronunciation of '歳' can change depending on the number it follows, such as 'いっさい' for 1 year old, 'はたち' for 20 years old, and 'さい' for most other numbers.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

187

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Visible

Reading

Kanji

見See

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見える (みえる)' primarily means 'to be visible' or 'can be seen'. It is used to describe something that is within the range of vision or can be perceived by the eyes. This verb often implies that the subject is naturally visible without any particular effort. For example: The mountain is visible from here「ここから山が見える」(ここからやまがみえる). Additionally, '見える' can also be used to express the idea of 'seeming' or 'appearing' in a certain way, often based on visual perception. For example: She seems happy「彼女は幸せそうに見える」(かのじょはしあわせそうにみえる). It's important to note that '見える' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object, unlike its transitive counterpart '見る (みる)' which means 'to see'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

188

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Alone, One person

Reading

Kanji

人Person 一One

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一人 (ひとり)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'alone', referring to a state of being by oneself without others. The second meaning is 'one person', referring to a single individual. This word is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: I live alone「私は一人で暮らしています」(わたしはひとりでくらしています). Only one person came to the meeting「会議には一人しか来なかった」(かいぎにはひとりしかこなかった). The word can also be used in phrases like '一人で (ひとりで)' meaning 'by oneself' or 'on one's own'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

189

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Everyone

Reading

Kanji

皆All

Explanation

The Japanese noun '皆 (みな)' means 'everyone' or 'all'. It is used to refer to a group of people collectively, emphasizing inclusivity. This word is often used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: Everyone is here「皆がここにいます」(みながここにいます). Let's all do our best「皆で頑張りましょう」(みなでがんばりましょう). It can also be used in phrases like '皆さん (みなさん)', which is a polite way to address a group of people, similar to 'ladies and gentlemen' or 'everyone' in English.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

190

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Still

Reading

Kanji

未Not yet

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '未だ (まだ)' primarily means 'still' and is used to indicate that a situation or condition continues unchanged. It often implies that something expected has not yet happened or that a previous state persists. For example: I am still waiting「まだ待っています」(まだまっています). He still hasn't arrived「彼はまだ到着していない」(かれはまだとうちゃくしていない). Additionally, 'まだ' can be used to express that something is 'not yet' the case, often with a sense of anticipation or incompleteness. For example: The movie hasn't started yet「映画はまだ始まっていない」(えいがはまだはじまっていない). It's important to note that 'まだ' is often used in negative sentences to emphasize that something has not occurred or been completed.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

191

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Under

Reading

Kanji

下Down

Explanation

The Japanese noun '下 (した)' means 'under' or 'below'. It refers to a position or location that is beneath something else. This word is commonly used to describe physical placement, such as objects or people being under something. For example: the cat is under the table「猫はテーブルの下にいる」(ねこはテーブルのしたにいる). The book is under the chair「本は椅子の下にある」(ほんはいすのしたにある). It can also be used metaphorically to describe hierarchical relationships, such as being under someone's authority or supervision. For example: he is under my supervision「彼は私の下で働いている」(かれはわたしのしたではたらいている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

192

Composition

kanji

Radical Form

丅

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Everyone

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'みんな' means 'everyone' or 'all'. It is a casual and commonly used term to refer to a group of people collectively. It can be used in both formal and informal contexts, though it is more frequently used in everyday conversation. For example: Everyone is here「みんながここにいる」(みんながここにいる). Let's all do our best「みんなで頑張ろう」(みんなでがんばろう). Note that 'みんな' can also sometimes imply inclusivity or a sense of togetherness, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

193

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Number, Amount

Reading

Kanji

数Number

Explanation

The Japanese noun '数 (すう)' primarily means 'number' or 'amount'. It refers to a numerical value or quantity of something. This word is often used in contexts involving counting, mathematics, or general quantities. For example: the number of students is increasing「学生の数が増えている」(がくせいのかずがふえている). The amount of work is too much「仕事の数が多すぎる」(しごとのかずがおおすぎる). Note that '数' can also imply a sense of 'several' or 'a few' when used in phrases like '数日 (すうじつ)' meaning 'several days'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

194

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sixty

Reading

Kanji

十Ten 六Six

Explanation

The Japanese noun '六十 (ろくじゅう)' means 'sixty'. It is a number used to represent the quantity or age of sixty. This word is commonly used in contexts involving counting, age, or numerical references. For example: He is sixty years old「彼は六十歳です」(かれはろくじゅうさいです). The price is sixty yen「値段は六十円です」(ねだんはろくじゅうえんです). Note that '六十' is often combined with counters or other words to specify context, such as '六十歳 (ろくじゅうさい)' for 'sixty years old'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

195

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Put in, Include

Reading

Kanji

入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese verb '入れる (いれる)' primarily means 'to put in' or 'to include'. It is used when placing something into a container, space, or group. For example: Please put the book in the bag「本をカバンに入れてください」(ほんをかばんにいれてください). This verb can also mean 'to include' someone or something in a list or group. For example: We included him in the team「彼をチームに入れました」(かれをチームにいれました). The nuance of '入れる' often implies an action of adding or inserting something into a specific place or context.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

196

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

More than, No more

Reading

Kanji

以By means of 上Up

Explanation

The Japanese noun '以上 (いじょう)'can mean 'more than' or 'no more', depending on the context.It is often used to indicate a threshold or limit, such as a minimum requirement or a maximum cap. For example: You need to be 18 years old or more「18歳以上が必要です」(18さいいじょうがひつようです). No more than 5 people can enter「5人以上は入れません」(5にんいじょうははいれません).It can also be used to conclude a statement, meaning 'thats all' or 'no more', as in the phrase '以上です (いじょうです)', which signals 'that's all' or a formal conclusion.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

197

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Meeting

Reading

Kanji

会Meet

Explanation

The Japanese noun '会 (かい)' primarily means 'meeting' or 'gathering'. It refers to an organized event where people come together for a specific purpose, such as a business meeting, social gathering, or club meeting. For example: I attended a meeting「会に出席した」(かいにしゅっせきした). The meeting starts at 3 PM「会は3時に始まります」(かいはさんじにはじまります). Additionally, '会' can also refer to an association or society, such as a cultural or professional group. For example: He joined the photography club「彼は写真の会に入った」(かれはしゃしんのかいにはいった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

198

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Two people

Reading

Kanji

二Two 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '二人 (ふたり)' specifically refers to 'two people'. It is commonly used to indicate a pair or duo, often in contexts involving relationships, partnerships, or simply two individuals together. For example: The two went to the park「二人は公園に行った」(ふたりはこうえんにいった). We are a couple「私たちは二人です」(わたしたちはふたりです). Note that '二人' is distinct from '二つ (ふたつ)', which refers to two objects or items, not people.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

199

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Eighty

Reading

Kanji

八Eight 十Ten

Explanation

The Japanese noun '八十 (はちじゅう)' means 'eighty'. It is a number used to represent the quantity or age of eighty. This word is commonly used in contexts involving counting, age, or numerical references. For example: my grandfather is eighty years old「私のおじいさんは八十歳です」(わたしのおじいさんははちじゅうさいです). There are eighty students in the school「学校には八十人の生徒がいます」(がっこうにははちじゅうにんのせいとがいます). Note that '八十' is often combined with counters or other words to specify context, such as '八十歳 (はちじゅうさい)' for 'eighty years old'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

200

Composition

kanji

Handwriting