Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Frequency of Use

word

Meaning

Thin

Reading

Kanji

細Slender

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '細い (ほそい)' means 'thin'. This adjective is used to describe something that has a small width or diameter, such as a thread, a person's body, or a road. It can also describe something that is narrow or slender. For example: this thread is thin「この糸は細い」(このいとはほそい). She has thin arms「彼女は腕が細い」(かのじょはうでがほそい). The road is narrow「その道は細い」(そのみちはほそい). It is important to note that '細い' is often used to describe physical attributes or objects, and it carries a neutral tone unless context suggests otherwise.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2301

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inn

Reading

Kanji

宿Lodging

Explanation

The Japanese noun '宿 (やど)' primarily means 'inn' or 'lodging'. It refers to a place where travelers can stay overnight, such as a traditional Japanese inn or a guesthouse. This word is often used in contexts related to travel or temporary accommodation. For example: I stayed at a small inn「小さな宿に泊まった」(ちいさなやどにとまった). The inn is located near the hot spring「その宿は温泉の近くにある」(そのやどはおんせんのちかくにある). Additionally, '宿' can sometimes refer to a place of residence or a home, but this usage is less common and typically context-dependent.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2302

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hokkaido

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun 'ホッカイドウ (hokkaidou)' refers to 'Hokkaido', the northernmost of Japan's four main islands. It is known for its cold climate, beautiful natural landscapes, and unique culture. Hokkaido is a popular destination for skiing, hot springs, and fresh seafood. For example: I went to Hokkaido last winter「去年の冬にホッカイドウに行きました」(きょねんのふゆにホッカイドウにいきました). Hokkaido is famous for its snow festivals「ホッカイドウは雪祭りで有名です」(ホッカイドウはゆきまつりでゆうめいです). The word is often used in contexts related to travel, geography, and regional specialties.

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Frequency

2303

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Embarrassed, Shameful

Reading

Kanji

恥Ashamed, Shame

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '恥ずかしい (はずかしい)' can mean both 'embarrassed' and 'shameful', depending on the context. When used to describe a person's feelings, it typically means 'embarrassed', as in feeling self-conscious or awkward. For example: I was embarrassed「私は恥ずかしかった」(わたしははずかしかった). When used to describe an action or situation, it can mean 'shameful', as in something that brings disgrace or dishonor. For example: That behavior is shameful「その行動は恥ずかしい」(そのこうどうははずかしい). The nuance of this word often depends on the context, so it's important to pay attention to how it's used in sentences.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2304

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Camera

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'カメラ (kamera)' refers to a 'camera', a device used to capture photographs or record videos. This word is a loanword from English, and it is commonly used in everyday conversation. It can refer to any type of camera, including digital cameras, film cameras, and even smartphone cameras. Example sentences: I bought a new camera「新しいカメラを買いました」(あたらしいカメラをかいました). This camera is very expensive「このカメラはとても高いです」(このカメラはとてもたかいです). The word is widely understood and used in both casual and formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2305

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Temporarily, Once

Reading

Kanji

一One 時Time, Hour

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一時 (いちじ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'once', referring to a specific point in time in the past. For example: I lived there once「私は一時そこに住んでいた」(わたしはいちじそこにすんでいた). The second meaning is 'temporarily', indicating a short period or a temporary state. For example: The store is temporarily closed「その店は一時閉店中です」(そのみせはいちじへいてんちゅうです). The word is often used in formal or written contexts to describe past events or temporary situations.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2306

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Joy

Reading

Kanji

喜Rejoice

Explanation

The Japanese noun '喜び (よろこび)' means 'joy' or 'delight'. It refers to a feeling of great happiness or pleasure, often arising from a positive event or experience. This word is commonly used to express emotional states or reactions. For example: I felt great joy「私は大きな喜びを感じた」(わたしはおおきなよろこびをかんじた). The joy of meeting you「あなたに会えた喜び」(あなたにあったよろこび). It can also be used in more formal or poetic contexts to convey deep emotional satisfaction.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2307

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Date

Reading

Kanji

月Moon, Month 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '月日 (がっぴ)' refers to a specific 'date' on the calendar, typically used in formal or written contexts. It is often seen on official documents, forms, or when specifying a particular day in a structured format. For example: Please write the date here「ここに月日を書いてください」(ここにがっぴをかいてください). The date of the event is set for October 10th「イベントの月日は10月10日に決まりました」(イベントのがっぴはじゅうがつとおかにきまりました). Note that '月日' is more formal than other terms like '日付 (ひづけ)', which is also used to mean 'date' but in a broader sense.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2308

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Moneymaking

Reading

Kanji

金Gold

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '金もうけ (かねもうけ)' refers to the act of making money or earning a profit. It is often used in contexts where the focus is on generating income, whether through business, investments, or other means. This term can carry a neutral or slightly negative connotation, depending on the context, implying a focus on profit over other considerations. Example sentences: He is only interested in moneymaking「彼は金もうけにしか興味がない」(かれはかねもうけにしかきょうみがない). Moneymaking is not the only goal in life「金もうけだけが人生の目標ではない」(かねもうけだけがじんせいのもくひょうではない).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2309

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stairs

Reading

Kanji

階Storey 段Step, Stairs

Explanation

The Japanese noun '階段 (かいだん)' means 'stairs'. It refers to a series of steps that allow people to move from one level of a building to another. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation when referring to staircases in homes, offices, or public places. For example: Please use the stairs「階段を使ってください」(かいだんをつかってください). The stairs are over there「階段はあそこです」(かいだんはあそこです). It can also be used metaphorically to describe progress or steps in a process, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2310

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Toilet

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'トイレ (toire)' refers to a 'toilet' or 'restroom'. It is a commonly used word in everyday conversation and is understood by all Japanese speakers. The word is derived from the English word 'toilet', but in Japanese, it specifically refers to the room or facility where the toilet is located, rather than the fixture itself. For example: Where is the toilet?「トイレはどこですか？」(といれはどこですか？). I need to go to the toilet「トイレに行かなきゃ」(といれにいかなきゃ). It's important to note that 'トイレ' is a casual term and can be used in most situations, but in more formal contexts, the word 'お手洗い (おてあらい)' might be preferred.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2311

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Before

Reading

Kanji

先Before, Previous

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '先に (さきに)' means 'before' or 'ahead'. It is used to indicate that something happens or should happen prior to another event or action. It can also imply going ahead or proceeding first in a sequence. For example: I will eat before you「先に食べます」(さきにたべます). Please go ahead and start「先に始めてください」(さきにはじめてください). This adverb is often used in contexts where timing or order of actions is important, and it can be used both in formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2312

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Viewpoint

Reading

Kanji

視See, Look 点Point

Explanation

The Japanese noun '視点 (してん)' means 'viewpoint' or 'perspective'. It refers to the way someone sees or interprets something, often in a figurative sense. This word is commonly used in discussions, debates, or analyses to describe someone's angle or approach to a topic. For example: from my viewpoint「私の視点から」(わたしのしてんから). A new perspective on the problem「問題に対する新しい視点」(もんだいにたいするあたらしいしてん). It can also be used in art or photography to describe the angle or focus of a composition.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2313

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Usually

Reading

Kanji

大Big 抵Resist, Match

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '大抵 (たいてい)' means 'usually' or 'generally'. It is used to indicate that something happens most of the time or is typical in a given situation. This word is often used to describe habitual actions or general tendencies. For example: I usually go to bed early「大抵早く寝ます」(たいていはやくねます). He usually takes the train to work「彼は大抵電車で仕事に行きます」(かれはたいていでんしゃでしごとにいきます). Note that '大抵' can also imply a sense of 'most likely' or 'in most cases', but the primary meaning is 'usually'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2314

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Now, Around now

Reading

Kanji

今Now

Explanation

The Japanese noun '今ごろ (いまごろ)' refers to the current time or the approximate present moment. It can be translated as 'now' or 'around now' and is often used to indicate what is happening or should be happening at this time. For example: What is he doing now?「彼は今ごろ何をしているの？」(かれはいまごろなにをしているの？). By now, the train should have arrived「今ごろ電車は着いているはずだ」(いまごろでんしゃはついているはずだ). The word can also imply a sense of speculation or estimation about the current situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2315

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Give up

Reading

Kanji

諦Abandon, Give up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '諦める (あきらめる)' means 'to give up' or 'to abandon'. It is used when someone decides to stop trying to achieve something because they believe it is no longer possible or worth the effort. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as giving up on a dream, a goal, or a relationship. For example: I gave up on the idea「その考えを諦めた」(そのかんがえをあきらめた). He gave up smoking「彼はタバコを諦めた」(かれはタバコをあきらめた). It's important to note that '諦める' often carries a sense of resignation or acceptance of reality, rather than just quitting without thought.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2316

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Endure

Reading

Kanji

耐Proof, Withstand

Explanation

The Japanese verb '耐える (たえる)' means 'to endure' or 'to withstand'. It is used to describe the ability to tolerate or bear something difficult, such as pain, hardship, or stress. This verb can also imply resilience or patience in the face of challenges. For example: He endured the pain「彼は痛みに耐えた」(かれはいたみにたえた). I can't endure this heat「この暑さに耐えられない」(このあつさにたえられない). Note that '耐える' is often used in contexts involving physical or emotional strain, and it can be paired with particles like 'に' to indicate what is being endured.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2317

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soon, Any moment

Reading

Kanji

今Now

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '今にも (いまにも)' is used to indicate that something is about to happen very soon or at any moment. It often carries a sense of urgency or immediacy. This word is commonly used in situations where an event is on the verge of occurring, such as rain about to fall or someone about to cry. For example: It looks like it's going to rain soon「今にも雨が降りそうだ」(いまにもあめがふりそうだ). She looks like she's about to cry any moment「彼女は今にも泣き出しそうだ」(かのじょはいまにもなきだしそうだ). The adverb is often paired with verbs or expressions that suggest something is imminent.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2318

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Work, Function

Reading

Kanji

働Work

Explanation

The Japanese noun '働き (はたらき)' can mean 'work' or 'function'. When referring to 'work', it often describes the act of working or labor, such as in a job or physical effort. For example: His work is important「彼の働きは重要だ」(かれのはたらきはじゅうようだ). When referring to 'function', it describes the role or operation of something, such as a machine or a body part. For example: The function of the heart is to pump blood「心臓の働きは血液を送ることだ」(しんぞうのはたらきはけつえきをおくることだ). The word is versatile and can be used in both literal and abstract contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2319

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Visit

Reading

Kanji

訪Visit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '訪ねる (たずねる)' means 'to visit'. It is used when someone goes to a place or person with a specific purpose, often to meet someone or to explore a location. This verb carries a nuance of intentionality and purposefulness in the visit. For example: I visited my friend「友達を訪ねた」(ともだちをたずねた). She visited the old temple「彼女は古い寺を訪ねた」(かのじょはふるいてらをたずねた). Note that '訪ねる' is often used in more formal or intentional contexts compared to the more casual '訪れる (おとずれる)', which can also mean 'to visit' but is less specific in purpose.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2320

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soon, Eventually

Reading

Kanji

今Now

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '今に (いまに)' can mean 'soon' or 'eventually', depending on the context. It is often used to express that something will happen in the near future or at some point in time, often with a sense of inevitability or anticipation. For example: He will succeed soon「彼は今に成功する」(かれはいまにせいこうする). Eventually, everyone will understand「今にみんながわかる」(いまにみんながわかる). The nuance of '今に' can imply a sense of waiting or expectation, and it is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2321

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Coming and going

Reading

Kanji

行Go 来Come

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '行き来 (いきき)' refers to the act of going and coming, or movement back and forth between places. It can describe physical movement, such as traveling between two locations, or metaphorical movement, such as the exchange of ideas or communication. For example: There is a lot of coming and going between the two cities「二つの都市の間で行き来が多い」(ふたつのとしのあいだでいききがおおい). The exchange of letters between them was frequent「彼らの間で手紙の行き来が頻繁だった」(かれらのあいだでてがみのいききがひんぱんだった).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2322

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Child

Reading

Kanji

児Child 童Juvenile

Explanation

The Japanese noun '児童 (じどう)' refers to a child, typically in the context of school-age children or minors. It is often used in formal or educational settings, such as when discussing children's welfare, education, or legal rights. For example: The school is for children「その学校は児童のためのものです」(そのがっこうはじどうのためのものです). The law protects the rights of children「その法律は児童の権利を守る」(そのほうりつはじどうのけんりをまもる). Note that '児童' is more formal than other words like '子供 (こども)', which is a more general term for children.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2323

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Easy

Reading

Kanji

容Contain, Looks 易Easy

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '容易 (ようい)' means 'easy' or 'simple'. It is used to describe tasks, situations, or actions that require little effort or are straightforward. This word often carries a formal tone and is commonly used in written or formal speech. For example: This problem is easy to solve「この問題は容易に解決できる」(このもんだいはよういにかいけつできる). It is not easy to achieve success「成功を収めるのは容易ではない」(せいこうをおさめるのはよういではない). Note that '容易' is often paired with verbs like 'できる' or 'ではない' to express feasibility or difficulty.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2324

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rome

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun 'ローマ (ろーま)' refers to the city of Rome, the capital of Italy. It is often used in contexts related to history, culture, or travel. For example: I want to visit Rome「ローマに行きたい」(ろーまにいきたい). Rome is a beautiful city「ローマは美しい街です」(ろーまはうつくしいまちです). The word is written in katakana, as it is a foreign loanword, and it is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese.

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Frequency

2325

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Okinawa

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun 'オキナワ (okinawa)' refers to the southernmost prefecture of Japan, consisting of a chain of islands known as the Ryukyu Islands. Okinawa is famous for its unique culture, history, and tropical climate. It is also known for its role in World War II and the presence of U.S. military bases. Example sentences: I want to visit Okinawa「オキナワに行きたいです」(おきなわにいきたいです). Okinawa has beautiful beaches「オキナワには美しいビーチがあります」(おきなわにはうつくしいビーチがあります).

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Frequency

2326

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exaggerated

Reading

Kanji

大Big

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '大げさ (おおげさ)' means 'exaggerated'. It is used to describe something that is overstated, overdone, or blown out of proportion. This word often carries a slightly negative nuance, implying that the exaggeration is unnecessary or excessive. For example: his reaction was exaggerated「彼の反応は大げさだった」(かれのはんのうはおおげさだった). She always makes a big deal out of small things「彼女はいつも小さなことを大げさにする」(かのじょはいつもちいさなことをおおげさにする). The word can also be used to describe actions, statements, or even gestures that are overly dramatic or theatrical.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2327

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Factor

Reading

Kanji

要Important, Need 因Cause

Explanation

The Japanese noun '要因 (よういん)' means 'factor'. It refers to an element or component that contributes to a result or outcome. This term is often used in contexts such as scientific research, business analysis, and everyday discussions about causes and effects. For example: The main factor for the success was teamwork「成功の主な要因はチームワークだった」(せいこうのおもなよういんはチームワークだった). Economic factors influenced the decision「経済的要因がその決定に影響した」(けいざいてきよういんがそのけっていにえいきょうした). Note that '要因' is typically used in formal or analytical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2328

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Image

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'イメージ (いめーじ)' means 'image'. It refers to a mental picture, impression, or representation of something, often used in contexts like visualization, branding, or perception. For example: I have a clear image of the design「デザインのイメージがはっきりしている」(でざいんのいめーじがはっきりしている). The company's image is very modern「その会社のイメージはとてもモダンだ」(そのかいしゃのいめーじはとてももだんだ). This word is commonly used in both casual and professional settings to describe visual or conceptual representations.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

2329

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Utilize

Reading

Kanji

生Life

Explanation

The Japanese verb '生かす (いかす)' means 'to utilize' or 'to make use of'. It is often used to describe the act of effectively using something, such as skills, resources, or opportunities, to their fullest potential. For example: I want to utilize my skills「自分のスキルを生かしたい」(じぶんのスキルをいかしたい). We should utilize this opportunity「この機会を生かすべきだ」(このきかいをいかすべきだ). The verb can also imply bringing something to life or making something effective, as in 'to bring out the best in something'. It is commonly used in both professional and personal contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2330

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flood

Reading

Kanji

大Big 水Water

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大水 (おおみず)' refers to a 'flood'. This term is used to describe an overflow of water that submerges land, often caused by heavy rainfall or overflowing rivers. It is a natural disaster that can cause significant damage. Example sentences: The flood destroyed many houses「大水で多くの家が壊れた」(おおみずでおおくのいえがこわれた). After the flood, the town was in chaos「大水の後、町は混乱していた」(おおみずのあと、まちはこんらんしていた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2331

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Food

Reading

Kanji

食Eat, Food 品Product

Explanation

The Japanese noun '食品 (しょくひん)' refers to 'food' in the sense of edible items or food products. It is a general term used to describe any kind of foodstuff, including packaged or processed foods, as well as raw ingredients. This word is often used in contexts related to food safety, food production, or when discussing food items in a formal or commercial setting. For example: This store sells organic food「この店は有機食品を売っています」(このみせはゆうきしょくひんをうっています). Food safety is important「食品の安全は大切です」(しょくひんのあんぜんはたいせつです). Note that '食品' is more formal and specific than the more casual term '食べ物 (たべもの)', which also means 'food' but is used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2332

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Underwater

Reading

Kanji

水Water 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese noun '水中 (すいちゅう)' means 'underwater'. It refers to anything that is situated, occurring, or done beneath the surface of water. This word is commonly used in contexts related to swimming, diving, marine biology, or underwater photography. For example: The fish swim underwater「魚は水中を泳ぐ」(さかなはすいちゅうをおよぐ). The underwater camera captured beautiful coral「水中カメラが美しいサンゴを撮影した」(すいちゅうカメラがうつくしいサンゴをさつえいした). Note that '水中' is often used as a noun but can also function as a no-adjective (e.g., 水中探査 (すいちゅうたんさ) - underwater exploration).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2333

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Situation, Current

Reading

Kanji

現Appear, Current 状Form, Condition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '現状 (げんじょう)' refers to the 'current situation' or 'present state' of affairs. It is often used in formal or business contexts to discuss the existing conditions or circumstances. For example: we need to analyze the current situation「現状を分析する必要がある」(げんじょうをぶんせきするひつようがある). The current situation is not favorable「現状は有利ではない」(げんじょうはゆうりではない). This term is commonly used in discussions about business, politics, or any scenario where understanding the present state is crucial for decision-making.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2334

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Descend, Decrease

Reading

Kanji

下Down

Explanation

The Japanese verb '下がる (さがる)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to descend' or 'to move downward,' which is used to describe physical movement from a higher to a lower position. For example: The elevator descended「エレベーターが下がった」(エレベーターがさがった). The second meaning is 'to decrease' or 'to drop,' which is used to describe a reduction in quantity, level, or value. For example: The temperature decreased「気温が下がった」(きおんがさがった). This verb is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts, and its meaning depends on the situation. Note that '下がる' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2335

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Small

Reading

Kanji

小Small

Explanation

The Japanese noun '小 (しょう)' means 'small' or 'little'. It is often used in compound words or names to indicate something is small in size or scale. For example: small mountain『小山』(しょうやま), small river『小川』(おがわ). It can also be used in names of people or places. For example: Mr. Kojima『小島さん』(こじまさん). Note that while '小' can stand alone as a noun, it is more commonly seen as part of compound words.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2336

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

At least

Reading

Kanji

少Few

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '少なくとも (すくなくとも)' means 'at least'. It is used to indicate the minimum amount, degree, or quantity required or expected. This word is often used to emphasize that something is the bare minimum or to set a lower limit. For example: At least three people are needed「少なくとも三人必要です」(すくなくともさんにんひつようです). I want to sleep at least six hours「少なくとも六時間は寝たい」(すくなくともろくじかんはねたい). It can also be used to express reassurance or a baseline expectation, as in 'At least it didn't rain today'「少なくとも今日は雨が降らなかった」(すくなくともきょうはあめがふらなかった).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2337

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wound

Reading

Kanji

傷Wound, Injury

Explanation

The Japanese noun '傷 (きず)' primarily means 'wound'. It refers to a physical injury, such as a cut, bruise, or scar on the body. However, it can also be used metaphorically to describe emotional or psychological wounds. For example: He has a wound on his arm「彼の腕に傷がある」(かれのうでにきずがある). The incident left a deep emotional wound「その事件は深い心の傷を残した」(そのじけんはふかいこころのきずをのこした). The word is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it versatile in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2338

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Side

Reading

Kanji

脇Armpit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '脇 (わき)' primarily means 'side', referring to the area beside or next to something. It is often used to describe the space adjacent to a person, object, or location. For example: He stood by my side「彼は私の脇に立った」(かれはわたしのわきにたった). The book is placed beside the lamp「本はランプの脇に置かれている」(ほんはランプのわきにおかれている). Additionally, '脇' can sometimes refer to the armpit in specific contexts, but this usage is less common and typically requires additional clarification. For example: She applied deodorant to her armpit「彼女は脇にデオドラントをつけた」(かのじょはわきにデオドラントをつけた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2339

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Enter, Rise

Reading

Kanji

上Up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '上がる (あがる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to rise' or 'to go up,' which can refer to physical movement, such as climbing stairs, or abstract concepts, like prices increasing. For example: the sun rises「太陽が上がる」(たいようがあがる). The second meaning is 'to enter,' often used when entering a house or building, particularly in the context of removing shoes before stepping up into a home. For example: please come in「どうぞ上がってください」(どうぞあがってください). The verb is versatile and context-dependent, so understanding the situation is key to interpreting its meaning correctly.

Part Of Speech

none

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2340

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Father, Old man

Reading

Kanji

親Parent 父Father

Explanation

The Japanese noun '親父 (おやじ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'father', often used in a casual or affectionate way, typically by adult children when referring to their own father. For example: my father is strict「私の親父は厳しい」(わたしのおやじはきびしい). The second meaning is 'old man', which can be used to refer to an older man, often in a somewhat informal or colloquial context. For example: that old man is kind「あの親父は優しい」(あのおやじはやさしい). Note that the tone can vary depending on the context, and it may carry a sense of familiarity or even slight roughness.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2341

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reader

Reading

Kanji

読Read 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '読者 (どくしゃ)' means 'reader'. It refers to someone who reads, particularly in the context of books, articles, or other written materials. This word is commonly used in discussions about literature, media, or audience engagement. For example: The author values their readers「その作家は読者を大切にしている」(そのさっかはどくしゃをたいせつにしている). This magazine has many readers「この雑誌は多くの読者がいる」(このざっしはおおくのどくしゃがいる). The term can also be used in a broader sense to describe someone who reads regularly, such as '彼は熱心な読者だ (かれはねっしんなどくしゃだ)' (He is an avid reader).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2342

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sewage

Reading

Kanji

下Down 水Water

Explanation

The Japanese noun '下水 (げすい)' refers to 'sewage' or 'wastewater'. It specifically denotes water that has been used in households, industries, or businesses and contains waste materials. This term is commonly used in discussions about sanitation, infrastructure, and environmental issues. For example: The city is improving its sewage system「市は下水システムを改善している」(しはげすいシステムをかいぜんしている). The smell of sewage is strong here「ここは下水の臭いが強い」(ここはげすいのにおいがつよい). It is important to note that '下水' is often used in technical or formal contexts related to urban planning and public health.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2343

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Updown

Reading

Kanji

上Up 下Down

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '上下 (じょうげ)' refers to the concept of 'up and down' or 'top and bottom'. It can describe physical movement, such as going up and down stairs, or abstract concepts, like fluctuations in status or rankings. For example: The elevator goes up and down「エレベーターが上下する」(エレベーターがじょうげする). There is a big difference between the top and bottom of the company「会社の上下の差が大きい」(かいしゃのじょうげのさがおおきい). This word is often used in contexts involving hierarchy, movement, or spatial relationships.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2344

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Confirm

Reading

Kanji

確Certain

Explanation

The Japanese verb '確かめる (たしかめる)' means 'to confirm' or 'to verify'. It is used when you want to make sure of something, check the accuracy of information, or ensure that something is correct. This verb is often used in situations where you need to double-check facts, details, or the status of something. For example: I confirmed the meeting time「会議の時間を確かめた」(かいぎのじかんをたしかめた). Please confirm the address「住所を確かめてください」(じゅうしょをたしかめてください). The verb can also imply a sense of reassurance or certainty, as in 'I wanted to confirm that everything was okay'「すべてが大丈夫だと確かめたかった」(すべてがだいじょうぶだとたしかめたかった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2345

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tone

Reading

Kanji

口Mouth 調Investigate, Tune

Explanation

The Japanese noun '口調 (くちょう)' refers to the tone or manner of speaking. It describes how someone's voice sounds, including pitch, rhythm, and intonation, which can convey emotions, attitudes, or personality. For example: His tone was calm「彼の口調は落ち着いていた」(かれのくちょうはおちついていた). She spoke in a cheerful tone「彼女は明るい口調で話した」(かのじょはあかるいくちょうではなした). This word is often used to describe the way someone speaks in conversations, speeches, or storytelling.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2346

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

First

Reading

Kanji

初Beginning, First

Explanation

The Japanese noun '初 (はつ)' means 'first' and is often used to refer to the first occurrence of something, such as the first time, the first event, or the beginning of a period. It carries a sense of freshness or newness. For example: this is my first time in Japan「これは私の初の日本です」(これはわたしのはつのにほんです). The first snow of the year「初雪」(はつゆき). It is commonly used in compound words to emphasize the first instance, such as '初日 (はつひ)' (first day) or '初体験 (はつたいけん)' (first experience).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2347

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Efficiency

Reading

Kanji

効Effective 率Command, Proportion

Explanation

The Japanese noun '効率 (こうりつ)' means 'efficiency'. It refers to the ability to accomplish a task with minimal waste of time, effort, or resources. This word is often used in contexts related to work, technology, or systems. For example: improving efficiency「効率を改善する」(こうりつをかいぜんする). This machine has high efficiency「この機械は効率が高い」(このきかいこうりつがたかい). The term can also be used in broader contexts, such as energy efficiency or organizational efficiency.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2348

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

President

Reading

Kanji

大Big 統Unite 領Territory

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大統領 (だいとうりょう)' refers to the 'president' of a country, particularly in the context of a republic or democratic nation. It is commonly used to describe the head of state or government in countries like the United States. For example: The president gave a speech「大統領が演説をした」(だいとうりょうがえんぜつをした). The president visited Japan「大統領が日本を訪問した」(だいとうりょうがにほんをほうもんした). This term is specific to political leaders and is not used for other types of leaders or executives.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2349

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Morning, AM

Reading

Kanji

午Noon 前Before, Front

Explanation

The Japanese noun '午前 (ごぜん)' refers to the time period from midnight to noon, commonly known as 'morning' or 'AM' in English. It is often used in contexts related to time, schedules, or appointments. For example: The meeting is at 10 AM「会議は午前10時です」(かいぎはごぜんじゅうじです). I wake up early in the morning「私は午前中に早く起きます」(わたしはごぜんちゅうにはやくおきます). Note that '午前' is typically used in formal or written contexts, while '朝 (あさ)' is more commonly used in casual speech to refer to the morning.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2350

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Adult

Reading

Kanji

大Big 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '大人 (おとな)' means 'adult'. It refers to someone who is fully grown or mature, both physically and mentally. This word is often used to describe behavior, responsibility, or appearance associated with adulthood. For example: He is an adult「彼は大人です」(かれはおとなです). She behaves like an adult「彼女は大人のように振る舞う」(かのじょはおとなのようにふるまう). It can also be used in contrast to children, as in '大人と子供 (おとなとこども) (adults and children)'. The word carries a nuance of maturity and responsibility, and it is often used in contexts where the distinction between childhood and adulthood is important.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2351

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Outing

Reading

Kanji

外Outside 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '外出 (がいしゅつ)' refers to the act of going out or leaving one's home or usual place. It is commonly used to describe activities such as going outside for errands, leisure, or other purposes. For example: I went out for shopping「買い物に外出した」(かいものにがいしゅつした). She rarely goes out「彼女はめったに外出しない」(かのじょはめったにがいしゅつしない). The word can also imply a temporary absence from a place, such as leaving the office or home for a short period.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2352

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Line, Row

Reading

Kanji

行Go

Explanation

The Japanese noun '行 (ぎょう)' primarily refers to a 'row' or 'line'. It is commonly used in contexts such as seating arrangements, text formatting, or organizing items in a sequence. For example: the text is written in three lines「テキストは三行で書かれている」(てきすとはさんぎょうでかかれている). Please sit in the front row「前の行に座ってください」(まえのぎょうにすわってください). Additionally, '行' can also refer to a line of text in written material, such as in books or documents. For instance: this paragraph has five lines「この段落は五行あります」(このだんらくはごぎょうあります).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2353

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Item, Matter

Reading

Kanji

事Thing 項Clause, Paragraph

Explanation

The Japanese noun '事項 (じこう)' refers to a specific matter, item, or point of consideration. It is often used in formal or technical contexts to describe details, topics, or elements that are part of a larger discussion, list, or document. For example: Please check the important matters「重要な事項を確認してください」(じゅうようなじこうをかくにんしてください). The contract includes several key items「契約にはいくつかの重要な事項が含まれています」(けいやくにはいくつかのじゅうようなじこうがふくまれています). This word is commonly used in legal, business, or administrative settings to refer to specific points or issues.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2354

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Weekly holiday

Reading

Kanji

週Week 休Rest

Explanation

The Japanese noun '週休 (しゅうきゅう)' refers to 'weekly holiday' or 'day off per week.' It is commonly used in talking about work or school schedules, indicating a regularly scheduled day off each week. Example: My weekly holiday is Sunday 「私の週休は日曜日です」 (わたしのしゅうきゅうはにちようびです). The company offers a weekly holiday 「その会社は週休を提供しています」 (そのかいしゃはしゅうきゅうをていきょうしています). This word is often used in contexts related to employment, work-life balance, or academic schedules.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2355

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Really

Reading

Kanji

一One 体Body

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一体 (いったい)' is used to express strong emphasis, doubt, or curiosity, often translated as 'really', 'on earth', or 'in the world'. It is commonly used in questions to convey a sense of wonder or disbelief. For example: What on earth is this?「一体これは何ですか？」(いったいこれはなんですか？). Where in the world did you go?「一体どこに行ったの？」(いったいどこにいったの？). It can also be used in exclamations to emphasize a statement, such as: I really don't understand!「一体わからない！」(いったいわからない！). The nuance of '一体' often implies that the speaker is seeking clarity or expressing frustration.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2356

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stress

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ストレス (sutoresu)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'stress'. It refers to mental or emotional strain resulting from demanding circumstances. This term is commonly used in both personal and professional contexts to describe feelings of pressure or tension. For example: I have a lot of stress at work「仕事でストレスが多い」(しごとでストレスがおおい). Stress can affect your health「ストレスは健康に影響する」(ストレスはけんこうにえいきょうする). The word is often used in discussions about mental health, work-life balance, and daily challenges.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2357

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Output

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '出力 (しゅつりょく)' means 'output'. It is commonly used in contexts related to technology, engineering, and computing to refer to the result or data produced by a system, device, or process. For example: the output of the printer is clear「プリンターの出力はきれいです」(ぷりんたーのしゅつりょくはきれいです). The power output of the generator is high「発電機の出力は高いです」(はつでんきのしゅつりょくはたかいです). This term can also be used metaphorically to describe the result of effort or work, such as in creative or intellectual contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2358

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Line

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ライン (rain)' means 'line'. This word is often used to refer to a physical line, such as a drawn line, a queue, or a boundary. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a sequence or a series of connected elements. For example: draw a line「ラインを引く」(らいんをひく). The line for the concert was very long「コンサートのラインはとても長かった」(こんさーとのらいんはとてもながかった). Additionally, 'ライン' is commonly used in the context of sports to refer to boundary lines on a field or court, such as in soccer or tennis. It's important to note that 'ライン' is a loanword from English, and its usage is quite versatile in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2359

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Firepower

Reading

Kanji

火Fire 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese noun '火力 (かりょく)' primarily means 'firepower'. This term is often used in military contexts to describe the destructive capacity of weapons or artillery. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the intensity or effectiveness of something, such as in sports or business. For example: The army increased its firepower「軍隊は火力を増強した」(ぐんたいはかりょくをぞうきょうした). The team's firepower led them to victory「チームの火力が勝利に導いた」(チームのかりょくがしょうりにみちびいた). In cooking, '火力' can refer to the heat intensity of a stove or oven, as in: Adjust the firepower of the stove「コンロの火力を調節する」(コンロのかりょくをちょうせつする).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2360

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Waterpower

Reading

Kanji

水Water 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese noun '水力 (すいりょく)' refers to 'waterpower', which is the power generated by the movement or flow of water. This term is commonly used in contexts related to energy production, such as hydroelectric power. For example: This region relies on waterpower for electricity「この地域は電力に水力を使っている」(このちいきはでんりょくにすいりょくをつかっている). Waterpower is a renewable energy source「水力は再生可能エネルギー源です」(すいりょくはさいせいかのうエネルギーげんです). The term can also be used more broadly to describe the force or energy of water in natural settings, such as rivers or waterfalls.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2361

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ring

Reading

Kanji

鳴Chirp

Explanation

The Japanese verb '鳴る (なる)' primarily means 'to ring' or 'to sound'. It is used to describe the action of producing a sound, often in the context of bells, alarms, or other devices that emit sound. For example: the bell rang「ベルが鳴った」(べるがなった). The alarm clock is ringing「目覚まし時計が鳴っている」(めざましどけいがなっている). Additionally, '鳴る' can be used metaphorically to describe sounds in nature, such as thunder rumbling「雷が鳴る」(かみなりがなる). This verb is commonly used in everyday situations to indicate the occurrence of a sound.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2362

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Quarrel

Reading

Kanji

口Mouth

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '口げんか (くちげんか)' refers to a verbal quarrel or argument, typically involving heated or angry exchanges of words. It is often used to describe disputes that are not physical but rather involve shouting or harsh words. For example: They had a quarrel「彼らは口げんかをした」(かれらはくちげんかをした). Don't start a quarrel with him「彼と口げんかをしないで」(かれとくちげんかをしないで). This term emphasizes the verbal nature of the conflict, distinguishing it from physical fights.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2363

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Doctor, Expert

Reading

Kanji

博Extensive, Doctor 士Samurai

Explanation

The Japanese noun '博士 (はかせ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning refers to someone who has earned a doctoral degree, such as a PhD, and is commonly used in academic contexts. For example: he is a doctor of physics「彼は物理学の博士です」(かれはぶつりがくのはかせです). The second meaning refers to someone who is an expert or highly skilled in a particular field, often used in a more general sense. For example: he is an expert in traditional Japanese art「彼は日本の伝統芸術の博士です」(かれはにほんのでんとうげいじゅつのはかせです). It's important to note that the context in which this word is used will determine whether it refers to an academic title or a general expert.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2364

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sad

Reading

Kanji

悲Sad

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '悲しい (かなしい)' means 'sad'. It is used to describe a feeling of sorrow, unhappiness, or grief. This word can be applied to situations, events, or personal emotions. For example: I feel sad「私は悲しい」(わたしはかなしい). That movie was sad「その映画は悲しかった」(そのえいがはかなしかった). It can also be used to describe something that evokes sadness, such as a sad story「悲しい話」(かなしいはなし). The nuance of '悲しい' often implies a deeper, more emotional sadness compared to other words like '寂しい (さびしい)', which can mean 'lonely' or 'lonesome'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2365

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Volcano

Reading

Kanji

火Fire 山Mountain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '火山 (かざん)' means 'volcano'. This term refers to a mountain or hill that has a crater or vent through which lava, rock fragments, hot vapor, and gas are or have been erupted from the earth's crust. It is commonly used in both scientific and everyday contexts. For example: Mount Fuji is a famous volcano「富士山は有名な火山です」(ふじさんはゆうめいなかざんです). The volcano erupted last night「その火山は昨夜噴火しました」(そのかざんはさくやふんかしました). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is explosive or intense, such as emotions or situations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2366

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Parliament

Reading

Kanji

議Deliberation 会Meet

Explanation

The Japanese noun '議会 (ぎかい)' refers to a 'parliament' or 'legislative assembly'. It is used to describe a formal assembly of representatives that has the authority to make laws and govern. This term is commonly used in political contexts to refer to national or local legislative bodies. For example: The parliament passed a new law「議会は新しい法律を可決した」(ぎかいはあたらしいほうりつをかけつした). The members of parliament are debating「議会のメンバーは議論している」(ぎかいのメンバーはぎろんしている). Note that '議会' can also refer to local assemblies or councils, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2367

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Standout

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese verb '目立つ (めだつ)' means 'to stand out' or 'to be conspicuous'. It is used to describe something or someone that attracts attention due to being noticeably different or prominent. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as describing a person's appearance, behavior, or even an object's characteristics. For example: Her red dress stands out「彼女の赤いドレスは目立つ」(かのじょのあかいドレスはめだつ). He stands out in the crowd「彼は人混みで目立つ」(かれはひとごみでめだつ). The verb can also be used in a negative sense, implying that someone or something is drawing unwanted attention. For instance: His loud voice stands out too much「彼の大きな声が目立ちすぎる」(かれのおおきなこえがめだちすぎる).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2368

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stream

Reading

Kanji

小Small 川River

Explanation

The Japanese noun '小川 (おがわ)' means 'stream'. It refers to a small, narrow body of flowing water, typically smaller than a river. This word is often used in poetic or descriptive contexts to evoke a sense of nature and tranquility. For example: there is a stream near my house「私の家の近くに小川があります」(わたしのいえのちかくにおがわがあります). The sound of the stream is soothing「小川の音は心地よいです」(おがわのおとはここちよいです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that flows gently or continuously, like a stream of thoughts or time.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2369

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Neighborhood

Reading

Kanji

近Near 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '近所 (きんじょ)' refers to the area or vicinity near one's home or a specific location. It is commonly used to describe the surrounding area where people live, often implying familiarity and proximity. For example: I often see my neighbor in the neighborhood「近所でよく隣人を見かけます」(きんじょでよくりんじんをみかけます). The neighborhood is very quiet「近所はとても静かです」(きんじょはとてもしずかです). This word can also imply a sense of community or the people living nearby, as in '近所の人 (きんじょのひと) (neighbor/people in the neighborhood)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2370

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sky, Air

Reading

Kanji

空Sky, Empty 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese noun '空中 (くうちゅう)' refers to the 'air' or 'sky', specifically the space above the ground. It is often used to describe something that is in the air or happening in the sky. For example: The bird is flying in the air「鳥が空中を飛んでいる」(とりがくうちゅうをとんでいる). The plane disappeared into the sky「飛行機が空中に消えた」(ひこうきがくうちゅうにきえた). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is not grounded or lacks a solid foundation, such as an idea or plan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2371

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thoroughness

Reading

Kanji

徹Penetrate, Go through 底Bottom

Explanation

The Japanese noun '徹底 (てってい)' means 'thoroughness' or 'completeness'. It refers to the quality of being thorough, meticulous, or exhaustive in carrying out a task or understanding a concept. This word is often used in contexts where attention to detail and leaving no stone unturned are emphasized. For example: The company emphasizes thoroughness in its training「その会社は徹底を訓練に重視する」(そのかいしゃはてっていをくんれんにじゅうしする). His research is known for its thoroughness「彼の研究は徹底で知られている」(かれのけんきゅうはてっていでしられている). The word can also imply a sense of rigor or intensity in approach.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2372

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Department

Reading

Kanji

部Section, Department 門Gate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '部門 (ぶもん)' refers to a 'department' or 'division' within an organization, company, or institution. It is commonly used to describe a specific section or branch that handles a particular function or area of responsibility. For example: the sales department「営業部門」(えいぎょうぶもん). The research and development department「研究開発部門」(けんきゅうかいはつぶもん). This term is often used in business and organizational contexts to categorize different areas of operation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2373

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Empty

Reading

Kanji

空Sky, Empty

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '空っぽ (からっぽ)' means 'empty'. It is used to describe something that contains nothing inside or lacks substance. This word is often used for physical objects, such as containers or spaces, but can also describe abstract concepts like feelings or plans. For example: the box is empty「箱は空っぽだ」(はこはからっぽだ). Her mind felt empty「彼女の頭は空っぽだった」(かのじょのあたまはからっぽだった). Note that '空っぽ' is more casual and conversational compared to the more formal '空 (から)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2374

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fine

Reading

Kanji

宜Right, Best regards

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '宜しい (よろしい)' means 'fine' or 'acceptable'. It is a polite and formal way to express that something is suitable, appropriate, or agreeable. This word is often used in formal situations, such as business settings or when speaking to someone of higher status. For example: Is this time fine?「この時間で宜しいですか？」(このじかんでよろしいですか？). It is also commonly used to give permission or approval, as in: It's fine to leave now「今出発して宜しいです」(いましゅっぱつしてよろしいです). Note that '宜しい' is more formal than 'いい (ii)', which also means 'good' or 'fine'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2375

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nature, Property

Reading

Kanji

性Gender, Sex 質Quality

Explanation

The Japanese noun '性質 (せいしつ)' refers to the inherent characteristics or qualities of a person, thing, or phenomenon. It can mean 'nature' when describing someone's personality or temperament, or 'property' when referring to the characteristics of materials or substances. For example: His nature is gentle「彼の性質は優しい」(かれのせいしつはやさしい). This material has unique properties「この材料は独特な性質を持っている」(このざいりょうはどくとくなせいしつをもっている). The word is often used in both scientific and everyday contexts to describe essential traits.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2376

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Raise, Display

Reading

Kanji

掲Hoist, Display, Hold up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '掲げる (かかげる)' primarily means 'to raise' or 'to display'. It is often used in contexts where something is physically raised or held up, such as a banner or flag. It can also be used metaphorically to indicate the presentation or promotion of an idea, goal, or slogan. For example: The protesters raised their banners high「デモ参加者は旗を高く掲げた」(デモさんかしゃははたをたかくかかげた). The company displayed its new slogan「会社は新しいスローガンを掲げた」(かいしゃはあたらしいスローガンをかかげた). This verb is commonly used in formal or written contexts, and it carries a sense of prominence or emphasis on what is being raised or displayed.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2377

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fight

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'けんか' refers to a 'fight' or 'quarrel', typically involving verbal or physical conflict between people. It is commonly used to describe arguments, disputes, or physical altercations. For example: They had a fight「彼らはけんかをした」(かれらはけんかをした). Siblings often fight「兄弟はよくけんかする」(きょうだいはよくけんかする). The word can also imply a heated disagreement, not necessarily physical. It is important to note that 'けんか' is a casual term and is often used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2378

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Surface

Reading

Kanji

表Surface, Express 面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '表面 (ひょうめん)' refers to the 'surface' of an object or a concept. It can be used to describe the outer layer or the visible part of something, whether physical or abstract. For example: the surface of the water「水の表面」(みずのひょうめん). The surface of the problem「問題の表面」(もんだいのひょうめん). This word is often used in both literal and metaphorical contexts, emphasizing what is immediately visible or apparent, as opposed to deeper or hidden aspects.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2379

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inheritance

Reading

Kanji

相Mutual 続Continue

Explanation

The Japanese noun '相続 (そうぞく)' refers to the legal process of inheriting property, rights, or obligations after someone's death. It is commonly used in legal and familial contexts to describe the transfer of assets or responsibilities from a deceased person to their heirs. For example: He received the inheritance「彼は相続を受け取った」(かれはそうぞくをうけとった). The inheritance tax is high「相続税は高い」(そうぞくぜいはたかい). This term is often associated with legal procedures and can involve disputes among family members.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2380

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Counter

Reading

Kanji

軒Eaves, House counter

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '軒 (けん)' is a counter used specifically for counting houses, buildings, or establishments. It is commonly used in contexts where you need to specify the number of houses, shops, or similar structures. For example: there are three houses「家が三軒ある」(いえがさんけんある). I visited five coffee shops「五軒のコーヒーショップを訪れた」(ごけんのコーヒーショップをおとずれた). This counter is essential in everyday conversation when discussing locations or properties.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2381

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Paddy

Reading

Kanji

水Water 田Rice field

Explanation

The Japanese noun '水田 (すいでん)' refers to a 'paddy field', which is a flooded parcel of arable land used for growing rice. This term is specifically used in the context of agriculture and farming. Example sentences: The paddy fields are beautiful in the summer「夏の水田は美しい」(なつのすいでんはうつくしい). Farmers work hard in the paddy fields「農家は水田で一生懸命働く」(のうかはすいでんでいっしょうけんめいはたらく).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2382

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Move, Transfer

Reading

Kanji

移Move, Transfer

Explanation

The Japanese verb '移す (うつす)' can mean 'to move' or 'to transfer'. It is used when something is physically moved from one place to another, or when something is transferred from one state or condition to another. For example: I moved the table to the corner「テーブルを隅に移した」(テーブルをすみにうつした). The company transferred him to the Tokyo office「会社は彼を東京支店に移した」(かいしゃはかれをとうきょうしてんにうつした). This verb can also be used in medical contexts to mean 'to infect' or 'to spread', as in 'The cold was transferred to the child「風邪が子供に移った」(かぜがこどもにうつった)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2383

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Manly

Reading

Kanji

男Man

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '男らしい (おとこらしい)' means 'manly' or 'masculine'. It is used to describe traits, behaviors, or appearances that are traditionally associated with men, such as strength, courage, or assertiveness. This word carries a positive connotation and is often used to compliment someone. For example: He is very manly「彼はとても男らしい」(かれはとてもおとこらしい). It's manly to take responsibility「責任を取るのは男らしい」(せきにんをとるのはおとこらしい). Note that this word reflects cultural expectations of masculinity and may not always align with modern perspectives on gender roles.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2384

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Door

Reading

Kanji

戸Door

Explanation

The Japanese noun '戸 (と)' refers to a 'door', specifically a traditional sliding door or panel used in Japanese architecture. It is commonly used in contexts related to traditional Japanese homes, where sliding doors (fusuma or shoji) are prevalent. For example: Please close the door「戸を閉めてください」(とをしめてください). The door is made of wood「その戸は木でできています」(そのとはきでできています). Note that '戸' is often used in compound words, such as '引き戸 (ひきど)' (sliding door) or '雨戸 (あまど)' (storm shutter).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2385

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Essence

Reading

Kanji

本Book, Origin 質Quality

Explanation

The Japanese noun '本質 (ほんしつ)' refers to the fundamental nature or core quality of something. It is used to describe the intrinsic characteristics that define an object, concept, or phenomenon. For example: the essence of happiness「幸せの本質」(しあわせのほんしつ). Understanding the essence of the problem is crucial「問題の本質を理解することが重要だ」(もんだいのほんしつをりかいすることがじゅうようだ). This word is often used in philosophical or analytical contexts to emphasize the underlying truth or reality of a subject.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2386

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Line up, Arrange

Reading

Kanji

並Line, Row

Explanation

The Japanese verb '並べる (ならべる)' primarily means 'to arrange' or 'to line up'. It is used when placing objects, items, or people in a specific order or formation. This verb can be applied to physical objects, such as books or chairs, as well as abstract concepts, like ideas or arguments. For example: I arranged the books on the shelf「本を棚に並べた」(ほんをたなにならべた). The students lined up in front of the school「生徒たちは学校の前に並んだ」(せいとたちはがっこうのまえにならんだ). Note that '並べる' often implies a deliberate or organized arrangement, distinguishing it from simply placing items randomly.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2387

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Feminine

Reading

Kanji

女Woman

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '女らしい (おんならしい)' means 'feminine' and is used to describe qualities, behaviors, or appearances that are traditionally associated with women. It emphasizes traits such as grace, elegance, or gentleness. For example: She has a feminine way of speaking「彼女は女らしい話し方をする」(かのじょはおんならしいはなしかたをする). That dress looks very feminine「そのドレスはとても女らしい」(そのドレスはとてもおんならしい). The term can sometimes carry cultural expectations or stereotypes about gender roles, so it should be used with awareness of context.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2388

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

AIDS

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'エイズ (eizu)' refers to 'AIDS', which stands for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. This term is used in medical and general contexts to describe the disease caused by the HIV virus. It is a loanword from English, written in katakana as is common for foreign terms. Example sentences include: He was diagnosed with AIDS「彼はエイズと診断された」(かれはエイズとしんだんされた). AIDS is a serious disease「エイズは深刻な病気です」(エイズはしんこくなびょうきです). The word is widely understood in Japan and is used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2389

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Raise

Reading

Kanji

高High, Expensive

Explanation

The Japanese verb '高める (たかめる)' means 'to raise' or 'to elevate'. It is used to describe the action of increasing the level, quality, or status of something. This verb can be applied to both physical and abstract concepts. For example: She raised her voice「彼女は声を高めた」(かのじょはこえをたかめた). We need to elevate the quality of our products「私たちは製品の質を高める必要がある」(わたしたちはせいひんのしつをたかめるひつようがある). The verb is often used in contexts where improvement or enhancement is the goal, such as in skills, standards, or awareness.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2390

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Improvement

Reading

Kanji

上Up 達Attain, Plural

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '上達 (じょうたつ)' refers to the act of improving or making progress in a skill, ability, or knowledge. It is often used in contexts where someone has become better at something through practice or study. For example: His English has improved「彼の英語は上達した」(かれのえいごはじょうたつした). I want to improve my piano skills「ピアノの上達を目指したい」(ぴあののじょうたつをめざしたい). This word is commonly used in educational or self-improvement contexts, emphasizing gradual progress over time.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2391

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shadow, Silhouette

Reading

Kanji

影Shadow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '影 (かげ)' primarily means 'shadow', referring to the dark area or shape produced by an object blocking light. It can also mean 'silhouette', which is the dark shape and outline of someone or something visible against a lighter background. This word is often used in both literal and metaphorical contexts. For example: the shadow of a tree「木の影」(きのかげ). Her silhouette was visible in the moonlight「月明かりに彼女の影が見えた」(つきあかりにかのじょのかげがみえた). In literature and poetry, '影' can also symbolize something fleeting or intangible, such as memories or emotions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2392

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Take, Rob

Reading

Kanji

奪Take by force, Rob

Explanation

The Japanese verb '奪う (うばう)' primarily means 'to take' or 'to rob'. It is used when someone forcibly takes something away from someone else, often implying a sense of loss or deprivation. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as physically taking an object, or metaphorically taking something intangible like time or opportunities. For example: The thief took my wallet「泥棒が私の財布を奪った」(どろぼうがわたしのさいふをうばった). The accident robbed him of his happiness「その事故は彼の幸せを奪った」(そのじこはかれのしあわせをうばった). Note that '奪う' carries a strong connotation of force or violence, and is not used for casual or neutral taking.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2393

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Runaway

Reading

Kanji

家House 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '家出 (いえで)' means 'runaway'. It refers to the act of leaving one's home or family, often without permission or notice, typically to escape a difficult situation or to seek independence. This term is often used in contexts involving youth or family conflicts. For example: she became a runaway「彼女は家出をした」(かのじょはいえでをした). The boy ran away from home「その少年は家出をした」(そのしょうねんはいえでをした). Note that '家出' can also imply a temporary departure, not necessarily permanent.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2394

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Landlord

Reading

Kanji

大Big 家House

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大家 (おおや)' refers to a 'landlord' or 'landlady', the person who owns and rents out property. This term is commonly used in the context of renting apartments or houses in Japan. For example: The landlord is very kind「大家さんはとても親切です」(おおやさんはとてもしんせつです). I need to talk to the landlord about the rent「家賃について大家さんと話す必要があります」(やちんについておおやさんとはなすひつようがあります). It's important to note that '大家' can also refer to a 'master' or 'expert' in a particular field, but this usage is less common and typically requires additional context to avoid confusion.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2395

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Originally

Reading

Kanji

元Origin 来Come

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '元来 (がんらい)' means 'originally' or 'by nature'. It is used to describe something that is inherently or fundamentally a certain way, often emphasizing the original state or nature of something. This word is commonly used in formal or written contexts. For example: He was originally a kind person「彼は元来優しい人だった」(かれはがんらいやさしいひとだった). This plant is originally from Japan「この植物は元来日本原産です」(このしょくぶつはがんらいにほんげんさんです). The word can also imply a contrast between the original state and the current state, as in '元来彼は静かな人だが、最近は騒がしい (がんらいかれはしずかなひとだが、さいきんはさわがしい)' (Originally, he was a quiet person, but lately he has been noisy).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2396

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

New years day

Reading

Kanji

元Origin 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '元日 (がんじつ)' refers specifically to 'New Year's Day', which is January 1st. This is the first day of the year in the Gregorian calendar and is a national holiday in Japan. It is a day of celebration, family gatherings, and traditional customs such as visiting shrines or temples (初詣, はつもうで). Example sentences: We celebrate New Year's Day with family「家族で元日を祝います」(かぞくでがんじつをいわいます). New Year's Day is a public holiday「元日は祝日です」(がんじつはしゅくじつです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2397

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Principle

Reading

Kanji

原Meadow, Original 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese noun '原理 (げんり)' means 'principle'. It refers to a fundamental truth, law, or concept that serves as the foundation for a system of belief, behavior, or reasoning. This word is often used in scientific, philosophical, or technical contexts to describe the basic rules or theories that explain how something works. For example: the principle of gravity「重力の原理」(じゅうりょくのげんり). The principle of democracy「民主主義の原理」(みんしゅしゅぎのげんり). It can also be used in everyday contexts to describe the underlying reason or logic behind something, such as 'the principle behind this machine'「この機械の原理」(このきかいのげんり).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2398

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plan

Reading

Kanji

策Plan, Policy

Explanation

The Japanese noun '策 (さく)' means 'plan' or 'scheme'. It refers to a carefully devised strategy or course of action designed to achieve a specific goal. This word is often used in formal or strategic contexts, such as business, politics, or problem-solving. For example: We need a new plan「新しい策が必要だ」(あたらしいさくがひつようだ). His plan was successful「彼の策は成功した」(かれのさくはせいこうした). The word can also imply a level of cunning or cleverness in the plan, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2399

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suffer

Reading

Kanji

被Incur, Be subjected to

Explanation

The Japanese verb '被る (こうむる)' means 'to suffer' or 'to incur' something, typically something negative or undesirable. It is often used in formal or written contexts to describe experiencing or being subjected to a certain outcome, usually adverse. For example: He suffered a great loss「彼は大きな損失を被った」(かれはおおきなそんしつをこうむった). The company incurred significant damages「その会社は大きな損害を被った」(そのかいしゃはおおきなそんがいをこうむった). This verb is commonly used in legal, business, or formal settings to describe the experience of negative consequences.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2400

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting