Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Frequency of Use

word

Meaning

Pistol

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ピストル (pisutoru)' refers to a 'pistol', which is a type of handgun. This word is a loanword from English, and it is commonly used in contexts related to firearms, action scenes, or crime stories. For example: He carries a pistol「彼はピストルを持っている」(かれはピストルをもっている). The detective found a pistol at the scene「探偵は現場でピストルを見つけた」(たんていはげんばでピストルをみつけた). It is important to note that this word is specific to the type of firearm and does not refer to other types of guns like rifles or shotguns.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5901

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Increase

Reading

Kanji

増Increase 大Big

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '増大 (ぞうだい)' means 'increase' or 'growth'. It refers to the act or process of becoming larger in size, quantity, or intensity. This word is often used in formal or technical contexts, such as discussing economic growth, population increase, or the escalation of problems. For example: The population increase is a serious issue「人口の増大は深刻な問題です」(じんこうのぞうだいしんこくなもんだいです). The risk of infection is increasing「感染のリスクが増大している」(かんせんのリスクがぞうだいしている). Note that '増大' is typically used in written or formal speech, while '増える (ふえる)' is more common in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5902

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fluctuation

Reading

Kanji

増Increase 減Decrease

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '増減 (ぞうげん)' refers to the concept of fluctuation, specifically the increase and decrease of something. It is commonly used in contexts where changes in quantity, numbers, or levels are discussed, such as in economics, statistics, or everyday situations. For example: The number of visitors shows a significant fluctuation「訪問者の数は大きな増減を示しています」(ほうもんしゃのかずはおおきなぞうげんをしめしています). The price of vegetables fluctuates daily「野菜の価格は日々増減します」(やさいのかかくはひびぞうげんします). This term is neutral and can describe both positive and negative changes.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5903

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Boarding, Alighting

Reading

Kanji

乗Ride 降Descend, Fall

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '乗り降り (のりおり)' refers to the act of boarding and alighting from a vehicle, such as a train, bus, or car. It is often used in contexts involving transportation. For example: The station is crowded with people boarding and alighting「駅は乗り降りの人で混雑している」(えきはのりおりのひとでこんざつしている). Please be careful when boarding and alighting「乗り降りの際はご注意ください」(のりおりのさいはごちゅういください). This word is commonly seen in transportation-related announcements and signage.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5904

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Container

Reading

Kanji

容Contain, Looks 器Vessel

Explanation

The Japanese noun '容器 (ようき)' refers to a 'container', which is an object used to hold or store something. This term is broadly applicable to various types of containers, including bottles, boxes, jars, and other receptacles. For example: Please put the leftovers in a container「残り物を容器に入れてください」(のこりものをようきにいれてください). This container is made of glass「この容器はガラス製です」(このようきはガラスせいです). The word is neutral and can be used in both everyday and technical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5905

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Countless

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 数Number

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '無数 (むすう)' means 'countless' or 'innumerable'. It is used to describe something that is so numerous that it cannot be counted or is difficult to count. This term often conveys a sense of overwhelming quantity or abundance. For example: There are countless stars in the sky「空には無数の星がある」(そらにはむすうのほしがある). The museum has countless artifacts「その博物館には無数の遺物がある」(そのはくぶつかんにはむすうのいぶつがある). The word can be used in both literal and figurative contexts, emphasizing the vastness or multitude of something.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5906

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Web

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ウェブ (webu)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'web'. It is commonly used to refer to the World Wide Web or internet-related concepts. This term is widely understood in Japanese and is often used in technology, business, and everyday conversations. For example: I searched on the web「ウェブで検索しました」(ウェブでけんさくしました). The web is convenient「ウェブは便利です」(ウェブはべんりです). It can also be part of compound words, such as 'ウェブサイト (webusaito)' (website) or 'ウェブページ (webupeeji)' (webpage).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5907

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Existence

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth 在Be, Exist

Explanation

The Japanese noun '実在 (じつざい)' refers to the concept of 'existence' or 'reality'. It is often used in philosophical or abstract contexts to discuss the existence of something in the real world, as opposed to something that is imaginary or theoretical. For example: The existence of ghosts is debated「幽霊の実在は議論されている」(ゆうれいのじつざいはぎろんされている). This theory questions the existence of extraterrestrial life「この理論は地球外生命の実在を問う」(このりろんはちきゅうがいせいめいのじつざいをとう). The word can also be used in more concrete contexts, such as discussing the existence of historical figures or events.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5908

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Appetite

Reading

Kanji

食Eat, Food 欲Desire, Longing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '食欲 (しょくよく)' refers to one's appetite or desire to eat. It is commonly used in contexts related to hunger, eating habits, or health. For example: I have no appetite today「今日は食欲がない」(きょうはしょくよくがない). Her appetite has increased recently「最近、彼女の食欲が増えた」(さいきん、かのじょのしょくよくがふえた). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe a strong desire or craving for something, though this usage is less common. For instance: He has an appetite for adventure「彼は冒険に食欲がある」(かれはぼうけんにしょくよくがある).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5909

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sushi

Reading

Kanji

寿Longevity, Congratulations 司Director

Explanation

The Japanese noun '寿司 (すし)' refers to 'sushi', a traditional Japanese dish consisting of vinegared rice combined with various ingredients such as raw fish, seafood, vegetables, or egg. Sushi is a staple of Japanese cuisine and is enjoyed worldwide. It comes in many forms, including nigiri (hand-pressed sushi), maki (rolled sushi), and sashimi (sliced raw fish without rice). Example sentences: I ate sushi yesterday「昨日寿司を食べた」(きのうすしをたべた). This sushi is delicious「この寿司は美味しい」(このすしはおいしい). Sushi is often served with soy sauce, wasabi, and pickled ginger.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5910

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Body temperature

Reading

Kanji

体Body 温Warm

Explanation

The Japanese noun '体温 (たいおん)' refers to 'body temperature'. It is commonly used in medical contexts or everyday conversations to describe the temperature of a person's body. For example: My body temperature is high「私の体温は高いです」(わたしのたいおんはたかいです). Please measure your body temperature「体温を測ってください」(たいおんをはかってください). The word is often used in health-related discussions, such as checking for fever or monitoring one's health condition.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5911

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dozens

Reading

Kanji

何What 十Ten

Explanation

The Japanese noun '何十 (なんじゅう)' means 'dozens'. It is used to indicate an unspecified number of items, typically in the range of tens. This word is often used when the exact number is not important or when the speaker wants to emphasize that there are many items. For example: There are dozens of books「何十冊もの本がある」(なんじゅうさつものほんがある). Dozens of people attended the event「何十人もの人がイベントに参加した」(なんじゅうにんものひとがイベントにさんかした). Note that '何十' is often followed by a counter (e.g., 冊 for books, 人 for people) to specify what is being counted.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5912

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mother and child

Reading

Kanji

母Mother 子Child

Explanation

The Japanese noun '母子 (ぼし)' refers to the relationship or pair of a mother and her child. It is often used in contexts discussing family dynamics, welfare, or social services. For example: The mother and child went to the park「母子は公園に行きました」(ぼしはこうえんにいきました). The government provides support for single mothers and their children「政府は母子家庭を支援します」(せいふはぼしかていをしえんします). This term is commonly used in formal or official contexts, such as in legal documents or social welfare discussions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5913

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Public opinion

Reading

Kanji

世World, Generation 論Theory, Argument

Explanation

The Japanese noun '世論 (よろん)' refers to 'public opinion'. It is used to describe the collective views or attitudes of the general public on a particular issue or topic. This term is often used in discussions about politics, social issues, and media. For example: Public opinion is divided on this issue「この問題について世論は分かれている」(このもんだいについてよろんはわかれている). The government is paying attention to public opinion「政府は世論に注目している」(せいふはよろんにちゅうもくしている). Note that '世論' can also be read as 'せろん' in some contexts, but 'よろん' is the more common reading.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5914

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suit

Reading

Kanji

適Suitable

Explanation

The Japanese verb '適する (てきする)' means 'to suit' or 'to be suitable'. It is used to describe something that is appropriate or fitting for a particular purpose, situation, or person. This verb is often used in formal or written contexts. For example: This job suits me「この仕事は私に適している」(このしごとはわたしにてきしている). This method is suitable for solving the problem「この方法は問題を解決するのに適している」(このほうほうはもんだいをかいけつするのにてきしている). Note that '適する' is often used in its te-form '適している' to indicate a state of suitability.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5915

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Swimsuit

Reading

Kanji

水Water 着Arrive, Wear

Explanation

The Japanese noun '水着 (みずぎ)' refers to a 'swimsuit' or 'bathing suit'. It is commonly used when talking about clothing worn for swimming or beach activities. The word is a combination of '水 (みず)', meaning 'water', and '着 (ぎ)', meaning 'clothing'. It is a neutral term and can refer to both men's and women's swimwear. Example sentences: I bought a new swimsuit「新しい水着を買いました」(あたらしいみずぎをかいました). She is wearing a red swimsuit「彼女は赤い水着を着ています」(かのじょはあかいみずぎをきています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5916

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Neutrality

Reading

Kanji

中Center 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '中立 (ちゅうりつ)' means 'neutrality'. It refers to the state of not supporting or helping either side in a conflict, disagreement, or competition. This term is often used in political, social, or ethical contexts to describe a position of impartiality. For example: The country maintained neutrality during the war「その国は戦争中に中立を保った」(そのくにはせんそうちゅうにちゅうりつをたもった). The committee took a neutral stance「委員会は中立の立場を取った」(いいんかいはちゅうりつのたちばをとった). It can also be used in everyday situations to describe a balanced or unbiased approach.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5917

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Metropolitan

Reading

Kanji

都Metropolis 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '都立 (とりつ)' refers to something that is established or operated by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government. It is commonly used in the context of institutions such as schools, hospitals, or parks that are managed by the metropolitan authority. For example: a metropolitan high school「都立高校」(とりつこうこう). The metropolitan hospital is large「都立病院は大きい」(とりつびょういんはおおきい). This term is specific to Tokyo and highlights the administrative jurisdiction of the metropolitan government over certain public facilities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5918

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deeply

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'つくづく' (tsukuzuku) conveys a sense of deep realization, reflection, or feeling. It is often used to express a profound understanding or awareness of something, typically after careful thought or experience. For example: I deeply realized the importance of family「つくづく家族の大切さを感じた」(つくづくかぞくのたいせつさをかんじた). He deeply regretted his actions「彼はつくづく自分の行動を後悔した」(かれはつくづくじぶんのこうどうをこうかいした). This adverb is commonly used in contexts where someone has had a moment of introspection or has come to a significant conclusion.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

5919

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crowded

Reading

Kanji

立Stand 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '立て込む (たてこむ)' means 'to be crowded' or 'to be packed'. It is often used to describe situations where a place is filled with people or things, making it difficult to move or function smoothly. For example: The station is crowded with people「駅が人で立て込んでいる」(えきがひとでたてこんでいる). The schedule is packed with meetings「スケジュールが会議で立て込んでいる」(スケジュールがかいぎでたてこんでいる). This verb can also imply a sense of busyness or being overwhelmed due to the crowdedness or packed nature of the situation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5920

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Evening rain

Reading

Kanji

夕Evening 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夕立 (ゆうだち)' refers to a sudden, brief rain shower that typically occurs in the late afternoon or early evening, especially during the summer. This phenomenon is often associated with warm weather and can be quite refreshing. Example sentences: The evening rain cooled the air「夕立が空気を冷やした」(ゆうだちがくうきをひやした). We got caught in the evening rain「私たちは夕立にあった」(わたしたちはゆうだちにあった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5921

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Costume

Reading

Kanji

衣Clothes 装Dress, Attire

Explanation

The Japanese noun '衣装 (いしょう)' refers to 'costume' or 'attire'. It is commonly used to describe clothing worn for specific occasions, performances, or roles, such as traditional outfits, stage costumes, or ceremonial garments. For example: She wore a beautiful costume「彼女は美しい衣装を着ていた」(かのじょはうつくしいいしょうをきていた). The actors changed into their costumes「俳優たちは衣装に着替えた」(はいゆうたちはいしょうにきがえた). This word can also refer to elaborate or decorative clothing in general.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5922

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Possible

Reading

Kanji

可Possible

Explanation

The Japanese noun '可 (か)' means 'possible' or 'approval'. It is often used in formal or technical contexts to indicate that something is permissible, acceptable, or feasible. For example: This plan is possible「このプランは可です」(このプランはかです). The use of '可' is common in academic or bureaucratic settings, such as grading systems (e.g., '可' as a passing grade). It can also appear in compound words like '可能 (かのう)' (possible) or '許可 (きょか)' (permission). Note that '可' is less commonly used in casual conversation and is more formal in tone.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5923

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Foreign affairs

Reading

Kanji

外Outside 務Duty, Task

Explanation

The Japanese noun '外務 (がいむ)' refers to 'foreign affairs' or matters related to international relations. It is commonly used in contexts involving diplomacy, international politics, or external relations of a country. For example: He works in foreign affairs「彼は外務に従事している」(かれはがいむにじゅうじしている). The Ministry of Foreign Affairs is called '外務省 (がいむしょう)' in Japanese. This term is often used in formal or governmental contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5924

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Blood pressure

Reading

Kanji

血Blood 圧Pressure

Explanation

The Japanese noun '血圧 (けつあつ)' refers to 'blood pressure', which is the pressure of circulating blood upon the walls of blood vessels. This term is commonly used in medical contexts and everyday health discussions. For example: My blood pressure is high「私の血圧は高いです」(わたしのけつあつはたかいです). It's important to monitor your blood pressure「血圧をチェックすることが大切です」(けつあつをチェックすることがたいせつです). The term is often used in conjunction with health advice or medical check-ups, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a healthy blood pressure level.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5925

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ego

Reading

Kanji

自Self 我Self, Ego

Explanation

The Japanese noun '自我 (じが)' refers to the concept of 'ego' or 'self'. It is used in psychological and philosophical contexts to describe one's sense of self or individuality. For example: He has a strong ego「彼は自我が強い」(かれはじががつよい). The concept of ego is important in psychology「自我の概念は心理学で重要です」(じがのがいねんはしんりがくでじゅうようです). This term is often used in discussions about self-awareness, identity, and personal development.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5926

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dictionary

Reading

Kanji

辞Word, Resign 書Write

Explanation

The Japanese noun '辞書 (じしょ)' means 'dictionary'. It refers to a book or electronic resource that lists words in a specific language and provides their meanings, pronunciations, or translations. This word is commonly used in academic, professional, and everyday contexts. For example: I bought a new dictionary「新しい辞書を買いました」(あたらしいじしょをかいました). Please look it up in the dictionary「辞書で調べてください」(じしょでしらべてください). The term can also refer to digital dictionaries or apps used for language learning.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5927

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rose

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'バラ (ばら)' refers to the flower 'rose'. It is commonly used to describe the flower itself, as well as in contexts related to gardening, floristry, or symbolism. Roses are often associated with beauty, love, and emotions in Japanese culture. Example sentences: She received a red rose「彼女は赤いバラをもらった」(かのじょはあかいばらをもらった). The garden is full of roses「庭にはバラがいっぱいだ」(にわにはばらがいっぱいだ). Note that 'バラ' can also be used metaphorically to describe something beautiful or delicate, similar to how roses are perceived.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5928

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Precedent

Reading

Kanji

判Judge, Stamp 例Example

Explanation

The Japanese noun '判例 (はんれい)' refers to a legal precedent, which is a past judicial decision that serves as a reference for deciding similar cases in the future. This term is commonly used in legal contexts, such as in courts or legal discussions, to refer to previous rulings that can influence or guide current judgments. For example: This case follows a precedent「この事件は判例に従っている」(このじけんははんれいにしたがっている). The judge referred to a precedent「裁判官は判例を参照した」(さいばんかんははんれいをさんしょうした). It's important to note that '判例' is a formal term and is typically used in professional or academic settings related to law.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5929

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Asakusa

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun 'アサクサ' refers to Asakusa, a district in Tokyo known for its historic temples, traditional shops, and cultural significance. It is a popular tourist destination, home to the famous Senso-ji Temple. Example sentences: Let's visit Asakusa「アサクサに行きましょう」(アサクサにいきましょう). Asakusa is famous for its temples「アサクサはお寺で有名です」(アサクサはおてらでゆうめいです).

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Frequency

5930

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Forbid

Reading

Kanji

禁Ban, Prohibition

Explanation

The Japanese verb '禁ずる (きんずる)' means 'to forbid' or 'to prohibit'. It is a formal or literary term often used in legal, official, or authoritative contexts to indicate that something is not allowed. For example: The law forbids smoking here「法律はここで喫煙を禁ずる」(ほうりつはここできつえんをきんずる). The school prohibits students from using phones「学校は生徒が携帯を使うことを禁ずる」(がっこうはせいとがけいたいをつかうことをきんずる). Note that '禁ずる' is less commonly used in everyday conversation, where '禁止する (きんしする)' is more typical.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5931

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cross, Surpass

Reading

Kanji

越Go across, Go beyond

Explanation

The Japanese verb '越す (こす)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to cross', as in physically moving from one side to another, such as crossing a river or a border. For example: we crossed the river「川を越した」(かわをこした). The second meaning is 'to surpass' or 'to exceed', often used in contexts involving limits, expectations, or time. For example: he surpassed his limits「彼は限界を越した」(かれはげんかいをこした). This verb is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. Note that the kanji 越 is often associated with the idea of going beyond or transcending something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5932

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Settle

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'まとまる (matomaru)' means 'to settle' or 'to come together'. It is often used to describe situations where things become organized, resolved, or consolidated. For example, when a plan is finalized, or when people reach an agreement. It can also refer to something becoming coherent or unified. Example sentences: The discussion finally settled「議論がやっとまとまった」(ぎろんがやっとまとまった). The scattered papers came together neatly「散らかった書類がきれいにまとまった」(ちらかったしょるいがきれいにまとまった). Note that 'まとまる' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

5933

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Entrust

Reading

Kanji

委Committee

Explanation

The Japanese verb '委ねる (ゆだねる)' means 'to entrust' or 'to leave something to someone else'. It is used when you delegate a task, responsibility, or decision to another person, often implying trust or reliance on their judgment or ability. For example: I entrusted the project to him「そのプロジェクトを彼に委ねた」(そのプロジェクトをかれにゆだねた). She left the decision to her manager「その決定をマネージャーに委ねた」(そのけっていをマネージャーにゆだねた). The verb can also carry a nuance of surrendering or yielding control, as in 'to leave one's fate to the gods'「運命を神に委ねる」(うんめいをかみにゆだねる).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5934

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sitting

Reading

Kanji

着Arrive, Wear 席Seat

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '着席 (ちゃくせき)' refers to the act of sitting down or taking a seat. It is commonly used in formal or structured settings, such as meetings, classrooms, or ceremonies, to indicate that someone should sit down. For example: Please take your seats「着席してください」(ちゃくせきしてください). The students sat down when the teacher entered「先生が入ると、生徒たちは着席した」(せんせいがはいると、せいとたちはちゃくせきした). This term is often used in announcements or instructions to ensure order and readiness in a group setting.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5935

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

One after another

Reading

Kanji

次Next

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '次々に (つぎつぎに)' means 'one after another' or 'in succession.' It is used to describe events or actions that happen in rapid succession without pause. This adverb is often used to convey a sense of continuity or flow. Example: New students kept arriving one after another 「新しい学生が次々に到着した」 (あたらしいがくせいがつぎつぎにとうちゃくした). The flowers bloomed in succession 「花が次々に咲いた」 (はながつぎつぎにさいた). This adverb can be used in various contexts, including describing events, actions, or occurrences.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5936

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relay

Reading

Kanji

取Take 次Next

Explanation

The Japanese verb '取り次ぐ (とりつぐ)' means 'to relay' or 'to pass on'. It is commonly used in situations where someone acts as an intermediary to convey messages, requests, or information between two parties. For example: I will relay your message to the manager「あなたのメッセージをマネージャーに取り次ぎます」(あなたのメッセージをマネージャーにとりつぎます). The secretary relayed the call to the director「秘書が電話を社長に取り次いだ」(ひしょがでんわをしゃちょうにとりついだ). This verb is often used in formal or business contexts, emphasizing the role of the intermediary.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5937

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Index, Table of contents

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 次Next

Explanation

The Japanese noun '目次 (もくじ)' refers to an 'index' or 'table of contents'. It is commonly used in books, documents, or any written material to list the sections, chapters, or topics along with their corresponding page numbers. This helps readers navigate the content easily. For example: The table of contents is at the beginning of the book「目次は本の最初にあります」(もくじはほんのさいしょにあります). Please check the index for more details「詳細は目次を確認してください」(しょうさいはもくじをかくにんしてください). Note that '目次' is often used interchangeably to refer to both an index and a table of contents, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5938

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Misfortune

Reading

Kanji

不Not 運Fortune

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不運 (ふうん)' means 'misfortune'. It is used to describe a state of bad luck or unfortunate circumstances. This word can be used to describe events, situations, or even a person's fate. For example: it was a misfortune「不運だった」(ふうんだった). He had a streak of misfortune「彼は不運が続いた」(かれはふうんがつづいた). The word can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as 'the misfortune of war'「戦争の不運」(せんそうのふうん). Note that '不運' is often used in formal or literary contexts, and it carries a slightly more serious tone than other words for bad luck, such as '運が悪い (うんがわるい)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5939

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Power, Motive force

Reading

Kanji

動Move 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese noun '動力 (どうりょく)' refers to 'power' or 'motive force', typically in the context of mechanical or physical energy that drives movement or operation. It is often used in technical or industrial contexts to describe the energy source that makes machinery or vehicles function. For example: The car's power comes from its engine「車の動力はエンジンから来る」(くるまのどうりょくはエンジンからくる). This machine uses electric power「この機械は電気動力を使う」(このきかいはでんきどうりょくをつかう). Note that while 'power' is the most common translation, 'motive force' is used in more specific contexts to emphasize the driving energy behind movement.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5940

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dawn

Reading

Kanji

早Early, Fast 朝Morning

Explanation

The Japanese noun '早朝 (そうちょう)' refers to the early morning, specifically the time around dawn. It is used to describe the period shortly after sunrise or the very early hours of the morning. This word is often used in contexts related to schedules, routines, or events that occur early in the day. For example: I go jogging at dawn「早朝にジョギングをします」(そうちょうにジョギングをします). The meeting is scheduled for dawn「会議は早朝に予定されています」(かいぎはそうちょうによていされています). Note that '早朝' emphasizes the earliness of the time, often implying a quiet or serene atmosphere.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5941

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pitiful

Reading

Kanji

情Feeling, Emotion

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '情けない (なさけない)' primarily conveys a sense of pity, disappointment, or frustration, often directed at oneself or others due to a lack of effort, competence, or dignity. It can describe situations, actions, or people that evoke a feeling of sadness or regret. For example: his attitude is pitiful「彼の態度は情けない」(かれのたいどはなさけない). I feel pitiful for not studying harder「もっと勉強しなかった自分が情けない」(もっとべんきょうしなかったじぶんがなさけない). This word is often used in contexts where there is a sense of letdown or failure, emphasizing a lack of resolve or dignity.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5942

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Secretion

Reading

Kanji

分Minute, Part 泌Secrete

Explanation

The Japanese noun '分泌 (ぶんぴつ)' refers to the biological process of secretion, where substances are produced and discharged from a cell, gland, or organ. This term is commonly used in medical and biological contexts. For example: Hormone secretion is important for the body「ホルモンの分泌は体にとって重要です」(ホルモンのぶんぴつはからだにとってじゅうようです). Excessive secretion of oil can cause skin problems「油の過剰分泌は肌トラブルの原因になります」(あぶらのかじょうぶんぴつははだトラブルのげんいんになります).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5943

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dormitory

Reading

Kanji

寮Dormitory

Explanation

The Japanese noun '寮 (りょう)' refers to a dormitory or a lodging facility, typically used by students, employees, or members of an organization. It is commonly associated with shared living spaces provided by schools, companies, or institutions. For example: I live in a dormitory「私は寮に住んでいます」(わたしはりょうにすんでいます). The company dormitory is nearby「会社の寮は近くです」(かいしゃのりょうはちかくです). This word is often used in contexts involving communal living arrangements.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5944

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Robot

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ロボット (robotto)' means 'robot'. It refers to a machine capable of carrying out complex tasks automatically, often resembling a human or animal in appearance or behavior. This word is commonly used in both technical and everyday contexts. For example: The robot cleans the house「ロボットが家を掃除する」(ロボットがいえをそうじする). I want a robot as a friend「ロボットを友達にしたい」(ロボットをともだちにしたい). The term is borrowed from English and is widely understood in Japanese culture, especially in discussions about technology, science fiction, and automation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5945

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Saitama

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun 'サイタマ' refers to Saitama, a prefecture located in the Kanto region of Japan. It is situated north of Tokyo and is known for its urban areas, historical sites, and natural attractions. Saitama is often associated with its capital city, Saitama City, and is a popular residential area for people working in Tokyo due to its proximity. Example sentences: I live in Saitama「私はサイタマに住んでいます」(わたしはさいたまにすんでいます). Saitama is close to Tokyo「サイタマは東京に近い」(さいたまはとうきょうにちかい).

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Frequency

5946

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pick, Adopt

Reading

Kanji

採Gather, Pick

Explanation

The Japanese verb '採る (とる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to pick' or 'to gather', often used in the context of harvesting or collecting something, such as fruits or plants. For example: we picked strawberries「いちごを採った」(いちごをとった). The second meaning is 'to adopt' or 'to take on', used when selecting or accepting something, such as a method, policy, or approach. For example: the company adopted a new strategy「会社は新しい戦略を採った」(かいしゃはあたらしいせんりゃくをとった). The verb is versatile and its meaning depends heavily on the context in which it is used.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5947

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hasten

Reading

Kanji

早Early, Fast

Explanation

The Japanese verb '早める (はやめる)' means 'to hasten' or 'to speed up'. It is used to describe the action of making something happen sooner or faster than originally planned. This verb can be applied to various contexts, such as time, processes, or events. For example: I hastened the meeting「会議を早めた」(かいぎをはやめた). She hastened her steps「彼女は歩みを早めた」(かのじょはあゆみをはやめた). It's important to note that '早める' is often used when there is a deliberate action to accelerate something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5948

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rush, Premature

Reading

Kanji

早Early, Fast

Explanation

The Japanese verb '早まる (はやまる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to rush', which refers to acting hastily or without proper consideration. For example: Don't rush into a decision「早まって決断しないで」(はやまってけつだんしないで). The second meaning is 'to be premature', which refers to something happening too early or before the appropriate time. For example: The announcement was premature「その発表は早まった」(そのはっぴょうははやまった). This verb is often used in contexts where caution or timing is important, and it carries a nuance of acting or occurring inappropriately early.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5949

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Handle, Steering wheel

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ハンドル (handoru)' can refer to two distinct objects. The first meaning is 'steering wheel', as in the wheel used to control the direction of a vehicle. For example: hold the steering wheel firmly「ハンドルをしっかり握って」(ハンドルをしっかりにぎって). The second meaning is 'handle', as in the part of an object designed to be held or operated by hand, such as a door handle or a bag handle. For example: the door handle is broken「ドアのハンドルが壊れている」(ドアのハンドルがこわれている). The context usually clarifies which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5950

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Express

Reading

Kanji

速Quick 達Attain, Plural 便Convenience

Explanation

The Japanese noun '速達便 (そくたつびん)' refers to an 'express' or 'express delivery' service, typically used for mail or packages that need to be delivered quickly. This term is commonly used in postal and courier services to indicate a faster delivery option compared to standard services. For example: I sent the document by express mail「書類を速達便で送りました」(しょるいをそくたつびんでおくりました). The express delivery arrived earlier than expected「速達便は予想より早く届きました」(そくたつびんはよそうよりはやくとどきました). This service is often chosen when time is a critical factor.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5951

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Miss

Reading

Kanji

乗Ride 遅Slow, Late

Explanation

The Japanese verb '乗り遅れる (のりおくれる)' means 'to miss' in the context of missing a vehicle, such as a train, bus, or plane. It is often used when someone fails to board a vehicle before it departs. For example: I missed the train「電車に乗り遅れた」(でんしゃにのりおくれた). He missed the bus because he overslept「彼は寝坊してバスに乗り遅れた」(かれはねぼうしてバスにのりおくれた). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe missing out on opportunities or trends, such as '乗り遅れるな (のりおくれるな) (don't miss out)'. The nuance here is about failing to catch something in time, whether it's a physical vehicle or an abstract opportunity.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5952

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Underwear

Reading

Kanji

下Down 着Arrive, Wear

Explanation

The Japanese noun '下着 (したぎ)' refers to 'underwear'. It is a general term used to describe clothing worn beneath outer garments, typically next to the skin. This includes items like bras, panties, undershirts, and boxers. The word is neutral and can be used in both formal and casual contexts. For example: I bought new underwear「新しい下着を買いました」(あたらしいしたぎをかいました). Please wash the underwear「下着を洗ってください」(したぎをあらってください). The term is commonly used in everyday conversations and is essential when discussing clothing or laundry.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5953

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Paradise

Reading

Kanji

浄Clean 土Soil

Explanation

The Japanese noun '浄土 (じょうど)' refers to 'paradise' or 'pure land', particularly in the context of Buddhism. It signifies a realm of purity and bliss, often associated with the afterlife or a spiritual destination free from suffering. This term is deeply rooted in Buddhist teachings and is frequently used in religious or philosophical discussions. For example: He wishes to be reborn in the Pure Land「彼は浄土に生まれ変わりたいと願っている」(かれはじょうどにうまれかわりたいとねがっている). The Pure Land is a place of eternal peace「浄土は永遠の平和の場所です」(じょうどはえいえんのへいわのばしょです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5954

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Territory

Reading

Kanji

領Territory

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '領 (りょう)' refers to a territory or domain. It is often used in compound words to denote areas under control or jurisdiction, such as a country's territory or a feudal lord's domain. For example: the territory of Japan「日本の領土」(にほんのりょうど). The lord's domain「領主の領地」(りょうしゅのりょうち). This suffix is commonly seen in historical or political contexts, emphasizing control or ownership over a specific area.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5955

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dye

Reading

Kanji

染Dye

Explanation

The Japanese verb '染める (そめる)' means 'to dye'. It is used to describe the action of coloring or staining something, such as fabric, hair, or other materials. This verb is often used in contexts related to fashion, art, or personal grooming. For example: She dyed her hair red「彼女は髪を赤く染めた」(かのじょはかみをあかくそめた). I dyed the fabric blue「布を青く染めた」(ぬのをあおくそめた). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe something being deeply influenced or imbued with a particular quality, such as 'the sky was dyed with the colors of sunset'「空が夕焼けの色に染まった」(そらがゆうやけのいろにそまった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5956

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beginning

Reading

Kanji

始Begin

Explanation

The Japanese noun '始まり (はじまり)' means 'beginning'. It refers to the start or commencement of something, such as an event, process, or period. This word is often used in both formal and informal contexts to describe the initial stage of something. For example: the beginning of the story「物語の始まり」(ものがたりのはじまり). The beginning of a new era「新しい時代の始まり」(あたらしいじだいのはじまり). It can also be used metaphorically, such as in 'the beginning of a journey'「旅の始まり」(たびのはじまり).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5957

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Print

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'プリント (ぷりんと)' primarily means 'print'. It is commonly used in contexts related to printing documents, images, or patterns. For example: I will print the document「ドキュメントをプリントします」(どきゅめんとをぷりんとします). This shirt has a nice print「このシャツは素敵なプリントです」(このしゃつはすてきなぷりんとです). Additionally, 'プリント' can refer to printed materials, such as handouts or worksheets, often used in educational settings. For example: The teacher handed out prints「先生がプリントを配りました」(せんせいがぷりんとをくばりました).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

5958

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

New year

Reading

Kanji

年Year 始Begin

Explanation

The Japanese noun '年始 (ねんし)' refers to the beginning of the new year, typically encompassing the first few days or weeks of January. It is often associated with traditional celebrations, greetings, and customs. For example: I will visit my relatives at the beginning of the year「年始に親戚を訪ねます」(ねんしにしんせきをたずねます). The company holds a meeting at the start of the year「会社は年始に会議を開きます」(かいしゃはねんしにかいぎをひらきます). This term is commonly used in formal contexts and is distinct from '正月 (しょうがつ)', which specifically refers to the New Year's holiday period.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5959

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Scenery

Reading

Kanji

景Scene 色Color

Explanation

The Japanese noun '景色 (けしき)' refers to the natural scenery or landscape that one can see, such as mountains, rivers, or fields. It is often used to describe the beauty of nature or the view from a particular location. For example: The scenery from the mountain was breathtaking「山からの景色は息をのむほど美しかった」(やまからのけしきはいきをのむほどうつくしかった). I want to see the scenery of the countryside「田舎の景色を見たい」(いなかのけしきをみたい). This word is commonly used in travel contexts or when appreciating the beauty of nature.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5960

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Limbs

Reading

Kanji

手Hand 足Foot, Sufficient

Explanation

The Japanese noun '手足 (てあし)' refers to the limbs of the body, specifically the arms and legs. It is a compound word combining '手 (て)' meaning 'hand' and '足 (あし)' meaning 'foot'. This term is often used in contexts related to physical movement, anatomy, or expressions involving the use of limbs. For example: He moved his limbs freely「彼は手足を自由に動かした」(かれはてあしをじゆうにうごかした). My limbs are tired from the workout「手足がトレーニングで疲れた」(てあしがとれーにんぐでつかれた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe someone's close aides or helpers, as in 'He is the boss's right-hand man'「彼は上司の手足だ」(かれはじょうしのてあしだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5961

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Motivation

Reading

Kanji

遣Use, Dispatch 気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '遣る気 (やるき)' means 'motivation' or 'willingness to do something'. It is often used to describe one's drive or enthusiasm to take action or complete a task. This word is commonly used in contexts related to work, studies, or personal goals. For example: I have no motivation today「今日は遣る気がない」(きょうはやるきがない). His motivation is impressive「彼の遣る気はすごい」(かれのやるきはすごい). The word can also be used in negative forms to express a lack of motivation, such as '遣る気が出ない (やるきがでない)' (I can't find the motivation).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5962

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Aizu

Reading

Explanation

The proper noun 'アイヅ (aizu)' refers to 'Aizu', a region in the western part of Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. Historically, Aizu is known for its samurai culture and its role during the Boshin War. The region is also famous for its natural beauty, hot springs, and traditional crafts. Example sentences: I visited Aizu last summer「去年の夏、アイヅを訪れました」(きょねんのなつ、アイヅをおとずれました). Aizu is known for its beautiful landscapes「アイヅは美しい景色で知られています」(アイヅはうつくしいけしきでしられています).

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Frequency

5963

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inherit, Takeover

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 継Succeed, Inherit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引き継ぐ (ひきつぐ)' primarily means 'to inherit' or 'to take over'. It is used when someone takes over a role, responsibility, or tradition from someone else. This verb often implies a sense of continuity and responsibility. For example: he inherited his father's business「彼は父親の事業を引き継いだ」(かれはちちおやのじぎょうをひきついだ). She took over the project from her colleague「彼女は同僚からプロジェクトを引き継いだ」(かのじょはどうりょうからプロジェクトをひきついだ). The verb can also be used in contexts where traditions or customs are passed down through generations, such as inheriting family traditions「家族の伝統を引き継ぐ」(かぞくのでんとうをひきつぐ).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5964

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deepen

Reading

Kanji

深Deep

Explanation

The Japanese verb '深める (ふかめる)' means 'to deepen'. It is used to describe the act of making something deeper, whether it be a physical depth, a relationship, knowledge, or understanding. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as deepening a friendship, deepening one's knowledge on a subject, or even deepening a hole. For example: I want to deepen my understanding of Japanese culture「日本の文化への理解を深めたい」(にほんのぶんかへのりかいをふかめたい). They are working to deepen their relationship「彼らは関係を深めようとしている」(かれらはかんけいをふかめようとしている). The verb is often used in both literal and metaphorical senses, making it versatile in conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5965

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bear fruit

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth

Explanation

The Japanese verb '実る (みのる)' means 'to bear fruit' or 'to yield results'. It is often used to describe the process of plants producing fruit, but it can also be used metaphorically to describe efforts or plans coming to fruition. For example: the apple tree bore fruit「リンゴの木が実った」(りんごのきがみのった). His hard work finally bore fruit「彼の努力がついに実った」(かれのどりょくがついにみのった). This verb is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts, emphasizing the culmination of a process.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5966

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pass

Reading

Kanji

通Commute, Pass 過Exceed, Error

Explanation

The Japanese verb '通り過ぎる (とおりすぎる)' means 'to pass by' or 'to go past'. It is used to describe the action of moving past a certain point or location without stopping. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as passing by a place, a person, or even time. For example: The train passed by the station「電車が駅を通り過ぎた」(でんしゃがえきをとおりすぎた). Time passes by quickly「時間が通り過ぎるのが早い」(じかんがとおりすぎるのがはやい). The nuance of this verb often implies that the subject is moving beyond something without lingering or stopping.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5967

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sale

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 売Sell

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発売 (はつばい)' refers to the act of releasing or putting something on sale, typically a product or item. It is commonly used in contexts such as the release of new products, books, games, or other goods. For example: The new game will go on sale next week「新しいゲームは来週発売されます」(あたらしいゲームはらいしゅうはつばいされます). This book was released last month「この本は先月発売されました」(このほんはせんげつはつばいされました). Note that '発売' often implies the initial release or launch of a product, rather than ongoing sales.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5968

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dazzling

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'まぶしい' means 'dazzling' or 'blindingly bright'. It is used to describe something that is so bright that it is difficult to look at directly, such as sunlight, strong lights, or even something metaphorically dazzling like a radiant smile. For example: The sunlight is dazzling「太陽の光がまぶしい」(たいようのひかりがまぶしい). Her smile is dazzling「彼女の笑顔がまぶしい」(かのじょのえがおがまぶしい). This word can also be used to describe something that is overwhelmingly impressive or beautiful, to the point of being almost blinding in its brilliance.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

5969

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Private

Reading

Kanji

私Private, Me 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '私立 (しりつ)' means 'private'. This term is commonly used to describe institutions, particularly schools or universities, that are privately funded and operated, as opposed to public or government-run institutions. For example: I attend a private university「私は私立大学に通っています」(わたしはしりつだいがくにかよっています). This is a private school「これは私立の学校です」(これはしりつのがっこうです). The term can also be used more broadly to describe other privately owned or operated entities, but it is most frequently associated with educational institutions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5970

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Previous year

Reading

Kanji

前Before, Front 年Year

Explanation

The Japanese noun '前年 (ぜんねん)' means 'previous year'. This term is used to refer to the year immediately before the current one, often in contexts comparing data, statistics, or events between years. For example: The sales increased compared to the previous year「前年比で売上が増加した」(ぜんねんひでうりあげがぞうかした). The company's profit was higher than the previous year「会社の利益は前年より高かった」(かいしゃのりえきはぜんねんよりたかかった). It is commonly used in formal or business settings to discuss trends or changes over time.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5971

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

General affairs

Reading

Kanji

総General, Total 務Duty, Task

Explanation

The Japanese noun '総務 (そうむ)' refers to 'general affairs' or 'administrative matters.' It typically denotes the department or role within a company or organization that manages overall administrative functions, such as human resources, office operations, and general management tasks. Example: He is responsible for general affairs 「彼は総務を担当しています」 (かれはそうむをたんとうしています). The general affairs department handles various administrative tasks 「総務部はさまざまな管理業務を扱います」 (そうむぶはさまざまなかんりぎょうむをあつかいます). This term is commonly used in business contexts to describe administrative functions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5972

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Collection

Reading

Kanji

徴Levy, Symptom 収Obtain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '徴収 (ちょうしゅう)' refers to the act of collecting something, typically fees, taxes, or dues, often in an official or mandatory capacity. It is commonly used in contexts involving government or organizational procedures. For example: The government collects taxes「政府は税金を徴収する」(せいふはぜいきんをちょうしゅうする). The company collects membership fees「会社は会費を徴収する」(かいしゃはかいひをちょうしゅうする). This term is formal and is often used in administrative or legal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5973

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Vast, Enormous

Reading

Kanji

膨Swell 大Big

Explanation

The Japanese noun '膨大 (ぼうだい)' refers to something that is extremely large in quantity, size, or scope. It is often used to describe things like data, amounts, or tasks that are overwhelming due to their sheer volume. For example: The amount of data is enormous「データの量は膨大だ」(データのりょうはぼうだいだ). The project requires a vast amount of resources「そのプロジェクトには膨大な資源が必要だ」(そのプロジェクトにはぼうだいなしげんがひつようだ). Note that '膨大' is typically used in formal or written contexts and carries a nuance of something being overwhelmingly large.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5974

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Guy, Jerk

Reading

Kanji

野Field 郎Young man, Guy

Explanation

The Japanese noun '野郎 (やろう)' has two distinct meanings depending on the context. The first meaning is a casual or informal way to refer to a 'guy' or 'dude', often used among friends or in a neutral tone. For example: That guy is my friend「あの野郎は友達だ」(あのやろうはともだちだ). The second meaning is more derogatory, referring to someone as a 'jerk' or 'idiot', often used when expressing frustration or anger. For example: That jerk ruined everything「あの野郎が全部台無しにした」(あのやろうがぜんぶだいなしにした). The tone and context are crucial in determining which meaning is intended, as the word can range from neutral to highly offensive.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5975

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Awaken

Reading

Kanji

覚Remember, Awake

Explanation

The Japanese verb '覚める (さめる)' primarily means 'to awaken' or 'to wake up'. It is used to describe the act of waking up from sleep, but it can also be used metaphorically to describe becoming aware of something or snapping out of a state of illusion or ignorance. For example: I woke up early「私は早く覚めた」(わたしははやくさめた). He finally woke up to the reality「彼はついに現実に覚めた」(かれはついにげんじつにさめた). This verb is often used in contexts where someone becomes conscious or aware, either literally or figuratively.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5976

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Issue, Publication

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発行 (はっこう)' primarily means 'issue' or 'publication'. It is used to describe the act of issuing or publishing something, such as documents, books, stamps, or currency. For example: The bank issued new currency「銀行が新しい通貨を発行した」(ぎんこうがあたらしいつうかをはっこうした). The company published a new magazine「会社が新しい雑誌を発行した」(かいしゃがあたらしいざっしをはっこうした). This term is commonly used in formal or official contexts, such as in business, finance, or media.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5977

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Development

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 達Attain, Plural

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発達 (はったつ)' refers to the process of growth, advancement, or development. It is commonly used to describe the development of physical, mental, or social abilities, as well as the progress of systems, technologies, or societies. For example: The development of technology is remarkable「技術の発達は目覚ましい」(ぎじゅつのはったつはめざましい). Children's language development varies「子供の言語発達は様々です」(こどものげんごはったつはさまざまです). This word is often used in formal or academic contexts to discuss progress or improvement over time.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5978

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Invention

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 明Bright

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発明 (はつめい)' means 'invention'. It refers to the act of creating or devising something new, such as a device, method, or process, that has not existed before. This word is often used in contexts related to technology, science, and creativity. For example: Edison's invention of the light bulb changed the world「エジソンの電球の発明は世界を変えた」(えじそんでんきゅうのはつめいはせかいをかえた). This new machine is a great invention「この新しい機械は素晴らしい発明だ」(このあたらしいきかいはすばらしいはつめいだ). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe innovative ideas or solutions.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5979

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Power generation

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 電Electricity

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発電 (はつでん)' refers to the generation of electricity or power. It is commonly used in contexts related to energy production, such as in power plants or renewable energy sources. For example: The power plant generates electricity「発電所が発電する」(はつでんしょがはつでんする). Solar panels generate power「太陽光パネルが発電する」(たいようこうパネルがはつでんする). This term is often used in technical or industrial discussions about energy.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5980

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Power plant

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 電Electricity 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '発電所 (はつでんしょ)' refers to a 'power plant' or 'power station', a facility where electricity is generated. This term is commonly used in discussions about energy production, including various types of power plants such as nuclear, hydroelectric, and thermal. For example: The power plant supplies electricity to the city「発電所は都市に電気を供給する」(はつでんしょはとしにでんきをきょうきゅうする). They are building a new power plant near the river「彼らは川の近くに新しい発電所を建設している」(かれらはかわのちかくにあたらしいはつでんしょをけんせつしている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5981

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fever

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 熱Heat, Temperature

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発熱 (はつねつ)' refers to the state of having a fever or the act of generating heat. It is commonly used in medical contexts to describe a rise in body temperature due to illness. For example: I have a fever「私は発熱しています」(わたしははつねつしています). The machine generates heat「その機械は発熱する」(そのきかいははつねつする). Note that this word can also be used in technical contexts to describe heat generation in devices or systems.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5982

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dangerous, Uncertain

Reading

Kanji

危Dangerous

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '危うい (あやうい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'dangerous', referring to something that poses a risk or threat. The second is 'uncertain', describing a situation or outcome that is not guaranteed or is precarious. This word is often used in contexts where there is a sense of instability or potential harm. For example: The bridge looks dangerous「その橋は危うい」(そのはしはあやうい). His plan seems uncertain「彼の計画は危うい」(かれのけいかくはあやうい). The nuance of '危うい' often conveys a sense of being on the edge or close to failure, making it a versatile word for describing both physical and abstract situations.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5983

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mistake

Reading

Kanji

誤Mistake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '誤り (あやまり)' means 'mistake' or 'error'. It refers to an incorrect action, decision, or judgment. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to describe errors in reasoning, calculations, or behavior. For example: I realized my mistake「私は誤りに気づいた」(わたしはあやまりにきづいた). Correcting mistakes is important「誤りを直すことは大切だ」(あやまりをなおすことはたいせつだ). The word can also be used in compound phrases like '誤りを犯す (あやまりをおかす)' (to make a mistake).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5984

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clear

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'クリア (kuria)' means 'clear'. It is often used in contexts related to achieving a goal, completing a task, or overcoming an obstacle. For example: I cleared the game「ゲームをクリアした」(ゲームをクリアした). The sky is clear「空がクリアだ」(そらがクリアだ). This term is commonly used in gaming, sports, and everyday situations to indicate successful completion or clarity.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5985

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Source

Reading

Kanji

源Origin, Source 泉Spring, Fountain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '源泉 (げんせん)' refers to the 'source' or 'origin' of something, often used in both literal and figurative contexts. It can describe the source of a river, the origin of an idea, or the root cause of a phenomenon. For example: the source of the river is in the mountains「川の源泉は山にある」(かわのげんせんはやまにある). The source of his inspiration is nature「彼のインスピレーションの源泉は自然だ」(かれのインスピレーションのげんせんはしぜんだ). This word is commonly used in formal or literary contexts to emphasize the fundamental origin of something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5986

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Front

Reading

Kanji

先Before, Previous 頭Head

Explanation

The Japanese noun '先頭 (せんとう)' means 'front' or 'head' and refers to the foremost part or position of something, such as a line, group, or procession. It is often used to describe the leading position in a physical or metaphorical sense. For example: He is at the front of the line「彼は列の先頭にいます」(かれはれつのせんとうにいます). The team leader is at the head of the group「チームリーダーはグループの先頭にいます」(チームリーダーはグループのせんとうにいます). This word can also be used in contexts like races, marches, or any situation where order or position matters.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5987

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Confrontation

Reading

Kanji

直Straight, Repair 面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '直面 (ちょくめん)' refers to a situation where one directly faces or confronts something, often a challenge, problem, or reality. It is commonly used in contexts where someone must deal with a difficult or unavoidable situation head-on. For example: he faced the problem directly「彼は問題に直面した」(かれはもんだいにちょくめんした). The company is confronting a crisis「その会社は危機に直面している」(そのかいしゃはききにちょくめんしている). This word emphasizes the directness and immediacy of the situation being faced.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5988

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beach

Reading

Kanji

浜Beach

Explanation

The Japanese noun '浜 (はま)' refers to a 'beach' or 'seashore'. It is commonly used to describe the sandy or pebbly area along the edge of a body of water, typically the ocean. This word is often used in contexts related to nature, travel, or leisure activities. For example: Let's go to the beach「浜に行きましょう」(はまにいきましょう). The beach is beautiful「浜はきれいです」(はまはきれいです). It can also be part of place names, such as '横浜 (よこはま)' (Yokohama), a major city in Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5989

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kanagawa

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun 'カナガワ' refers to 'Kanagawa', a prefecture in Japan located south of Tokyo. It is known for its major cities such as Yokohama and Kamakura, as well as its historical and cultural significance. For example: I live in Kanagawa「私はカナガワに住んでいます」(わたしはカナガワにすんでいます). Kanagawa is famous for its hot springs「カナガワは温泉で有名です」(カナガワはおんせんでゆうめいです). The prefecture is also home to popular tourist destinations like Hakone and Enoshima.

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Frequency

5990

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Roll

Reading

Kanji

転Revolve

Explanation

The Japanese verb '転がる (ころがる)' means 'to roll'. This verb is used to describe the action of an object moving by turning over and over on a surface. It can be used for both intentional and unintentional rolling. For example: the ball rolled down the hill「ボールが丘を転がった」(ぼーるがおかをころがった). He rolled on the floor laughing「彼は床の上で転がって笑った」(かれはゆかのうえでころがってわらった). Additionally, '転がる' can also be used metaphorically to describe something being readily available or easily found, as in 'opportunities are rolling around'「チャンスが転がっている」(ちゃんすがころがっている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5991

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stretch, Postpone

Reading

Kanji

延Prolong

Explanation

The Japanese verb '延びる (のびる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to stretch', which refers to something physically extending in length or time. For example: the rubber band stretches「ゴムが延びる」(ゴムがのびる). The second meaning is 'to postpone', indicating a delay or extension of time. For example: the meeting was postponed「会議が延びた」(かいぎがのびた). The verb is often used in contexts involving time, deadlines, or physical extension. Note that the kanji 延 can also imply a sense of prolongation or delay, which is reflected in its usage.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5992

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Blank paper

Reading

Kanji

白White 紙Paper

Explanation

The Japanese noun '白紙 (はくし)' literally means 'blank paper'. It is often used metaphorically to describe a situation or state that is 'blank' or 'unwritten', such as starting something from scratch or resetting a plan. For example: Let's start from a blank slate「白紙から始めましょう」(はくしからはじめましょう). The proposal was returned to a blank state「提案は白紙に戻された」(ていあんははくしにもどされた). This word can also refer to literal blank paper, as in: Please write on this blank paper「この白紙に書いてください」(このはくしにかいてください).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5993

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pronunciation

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 音Sound

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発音 (はつおん)' means 'pronunciation'. It refers to the way in which a word or language is spoken, including the sounds and intonation used. This term is often used in educational contexts, such as language learning, to discuss how to correctly say words. For example: Correct pronunciation is important「正しい発音は大切です」(ただしいはつおんはたいせつです). I practiced the pronunciation of this word「この単語の発音を練習しました」(このたんごのはつおんをれんしゅうしました). It can also be used in broader contexts, such as discussing the pronunciation of a particular dialect or accent.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5994

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sound

Reading

Kanji

物Thing 音Sound

Explanation

The Japanese noun '物音 (ものおと)' refers to a sound or noise, particularly one that is heard but not necessarily identified. It is often used to describe sounds that are noticed in a quiet environment, such as footsteps, rustling, or other faint noises. For example: I heard a strange sound「変な物音が聞こえた」(へんなものおとがきこえた). There was a sound from the next room「隣の部屋から物音がした」(となりのへやからものおとがした). This word is commonly used in contexts where the source of the sound is unknown or mysterious.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5995

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Disco

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ディスコ (disuko)' refers to a 'disco', which is a type of nightclub or dance venue where people go to dance to recorded music. The term is borrowed from English and retains the same meaning. It is often associated with the 1970s and 1980s disco culture. Example sentences: Let's go to the disco tonight「今夜はディスコに行こう」(こんやはディスコにいこう). She loves dancing at the disco「彼女はディスコで踊るのが大好きです」(かのじょはディスコでおどるのがだいすきです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5996

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Easy, Comfort

Reading

Kanji

楽Music, Pleasure

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '楽 (らく)' can mean 'easy' or 'comfort', depending on the context. When used to mean 'easy', it describes something that requires little effort or is not difficult. For example: This work is easy「この仕事は楽だ」(このしごとはらくだ). When used to mean 'comfort', it refers to a state of physical or mental ease. For example: I feel comfortable here「ここは楽だ」(ここはらくだ). It is important to note that '楽' is often used in combination with other words to form compound expressions, such as '楽勝 (らくしょう)' (easy victory) or '楽観 (らっかん)' (optimism).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5997

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Medicine, Chemical

Reading

Kanji

薬Medicine 品Product

Explanation

The Japanese noun '薬品 (やくひん)' can refer to either 'medicine' or 'chemical', depending on the context. When used in a medical or pharmaceutical context, it typically means 'medicine' or 'pharmaceutical product'. For example: this medicine is effective「この薬品は効果的です」(このやくひんはこうかてきです). In a scientific or industrial context, it often refers to 'chemicals'. For example: handle these chemicals with care「これらの薬品は注意して扱ってください」(これらのやくひんはちゅういしてあつかってください). The word is commonly used in both everyday and technical settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5998

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pharmacy

Reading

Kanji

薬Medicine 局Bureau

Explanation

The Japanese noun '薬局 (やっきょく)' refers to a 'pharmacy' or 'drugstore', a place where medicines are dispensed and sold. It is commonly used to describe a store or facility where you can purchase prescription and over-the-counter medications, as well as health-related products. For example: I bought medicine at the pharmacy「薬局で薬を買いました」(やっきょくでくすりをかいました). The pharmacy is closed today「薬局は今日閉まっています」(やっきょくはきょうしまっています). In Japan, 薬局 often also provides consultation services related to medications.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5999

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Eye drops

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 薬Medicine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '目薬 (めぐすり)' refers to 'eyedrops', a liquid medication used to treat or soothe eye conditions such as dryness, irritation, or infections. It is commonly used in daily life, especially by people who spend long hours in front of screens or have eye-related health issues. For example: I use eyedrops every day「毎日目薬を使います」(まいにちめぐすりをつかいます). These eyedrops are very effective「この目薬はとても効果的です」(このめぐすりはとてもこうかてきです). The word is often associated with health and self-care contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6000

Composition

kanji

Handwriting