Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Frequency of Use

word

Meaning

Borrowing

Reading

Kanji

借Borrow, Rent 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese noun '借り入れ (かりいれ)' refers to the act of borrowing, particularly in the context of money or loans. It is commonly used in financial or business settings to describe the process of obtaining funds from a lender. For example: The company secured a loan「会社は借り入れをした」(かいしゃはかりいれをした). He is considering borrowing money「彼は借り入れを考えている」(かれはかりいれをかんがえている). This term emphasizes the formal or contractual nature of borrowing, often involving repayment terms and interest.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6301

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Curve

Reading

Kanji

曲Music, Bend 線Line

Explanation

The Japanese noun '曲線 (きょくせん)' means 'curve'. It refers to a line that is not straight but bends smoothly, often used in contexts like mathematics, art, or describing shapes. For example: The road has many curves「この道は曲線が多い」(このみちはきょくせんがおおい). The artist drew a beautiful curve「その芸術家は美しい曲線を描いた」(そのげいじゅつかはうつくしいきょくせんをえがいた). This word is commonly used in technical, artistic, or everyday descriptions of shapes and paths.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6302

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Illusion, Fantasy

Reading

Kanji

幻Illusion 想Concept

Explanation

The Japanese noun '幻想 (げんそう)' can mean both 'illusion' and 'fantasy', depending on the context. It refers to something that is imagined or perceived but not real. When used to mean 'illusion', it often describes a deceptive or misleading perception. For example: he lives in an illusion「彼は幻想の中に生きている」(かれはげんそうのなかにいきている). When used to mean 'fantasy', it refers to a creative or imaginative idea. For example: her story is full of fantasy「彼女の物語は幻想に満ちている」(かのじょのものがたりはげんそうにみちている). The word is commonly used in literature, art, and discussions about perception versus reality.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6303

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Craft, Trick

Reading

Kanji

細Slender 工Construction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '細工 (さいく)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'craft', referring to the act of creating or making something with skill, often involving intricate or delicate work. For example: This wooden doll is a fine craft「この木の人形は素晴らしい細工です」(このきのにんぎょうはすばらしいさいくです). The second meaning is 'trick', referring to a clever or deceitful act, often used in contexts involving manipulation or deception. For example: He used a trick to win the game「彼はゲームに勝つために細工を使った」(かれはゲームにかつためにさいくをつかった). The word's meaning depends heavily on the context in which it is used, so pay attention to the surrounding words and situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6304

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Talk, Chatter

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'しゃべり (shaberi)' refers to the act of talking or chatting. It often carries a casual or informal tone and can imply light, ongoing conversation or chatter. For example: Her talk is always interesting「彼女のしゃべりはいつも面白い」(かのじょのしゃべりはいつもおもしろい). Stop the chatter and focus「しゃべりをやめて集中しなさい」(しゃべりをやめてしゅうちゅうしなさい). This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can sometimes imply excessive or idle talk depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6305

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Disturbance, Agitation

Reading

Kanji

動Move 揺Rock, Shake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '動揺 (どうよう)' refers to a state of disturbance or agitation, often emotional or mental. It can describe a sense of unease, instability, or turmoil, whether in a person's feelings, a situation, or even a physical object. For example: Her voice showed signs of disturbance「彼女の声に動揺が見えた」(かのじょのこえにどうようがみえた). The political situation caused widespread agitation「政治的な状況が広範な動揺を引き起こした」(せいじてきなじょうきょうがこうはんなどうようをひきおこした). This word is often used in contexts where there is a noticeable disruption or emotional unrest.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6306

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Adapt

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'なじむ (なじむ)' means 'to adapt' or 'to get used to'. It is used to describe the process of becoming accustomed to a new environment, situation, or group. This verb often implies a sense of blending in or fitting naturally into a new context. For example: He quickly adapted to the new school「彼は新しい学校にすぐになじんだ」(かれはあたらしいがっこうにすぐになじんだ). It takes time to adapt to a new culture「新しい文化になじむには時間がかかる」(あたらしいぶんかになじむにはじかんがかかる). The verb can also be used to describe how something feels natural or fits well, such as a new piece of furniture in a room.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

6307

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Diamond

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ダイヤモンド (daiyamondo)' refers to the precious gemstone 'diamond'. It is commonly used in contexts related to jewelry, luxury items, or even in metaphorical expressions to describe something of high value or exceptional quality. For example: She received a diamond ring「彼女はダイヤモンドの指輪をもらった」(かのじょはダイヤモンドのゆびわをもらった). Diamonds are a symbol of eternal love「ダイヤモンドは永遠の愛の象徴です」(ダイヤモンドはえいえんのあいのしょうちょうです). The word can also appear in compound terms like 'ダイヤモンドカット (daiyamondo katto)' (diamond cut).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6308

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Desperately

Reading

Kanji

必Inevitable, Certain 死Death

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '必死に (ひっしに)' means 'desperately' or 'with all one's might'. It is used to describe actions performed with extreme effort, urgency, or determination, often in situations where failure is not an option. This word carries a strong sense of urgency and can be used in both positive and negative contexts. For example: He desperately tried to escape「彼は必死に逃げようとした」(かれはひっしににげようとした). She studied desperately for the exam「彼女は試験のために必死に勉強した」(かのじょはしけんのためにひっしにべんきょうした). The word can also imply a sense of life-or-death seriousness, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6309

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Busy

Reading

Kanji

多Many 忙Busy

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '多忙 (たぼう)' means 'busy'. It is used to describe a state of being very occupied or having a lot of tasks to do. This term is often used in formal or written contexts to convey a high level of busyness. For example: He is busy with work「彼は仕事で多忙だ」(かれはしごとでたぼうだ). Due to the busy schedule, I couldn't attend the meeting「多忙なスケジュールのため、会議に出席できなかった」(たぼうなスケジュールのため、かいぎにしゅっせきできなかった). Note that '多忙' is more formal than the more commonly used '忙しい (いそがしい)', which also means 'busy' but is used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6310

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

No entry

Reading

Kanji

立Stand 入Enter 禁Ban, Prohibition 止Stop

Explanation

The Japanese noun '立ち入り禁止 (たちいりきんし)' means 'no entry' or 'off-limits'. It is commonly used to indicate areas where entry is prohibited, such as restricted zones, construction sites, or private property. This term is often seen on signs and warnings. For example: This area is off-limits「このエリアは立ち入り禁止です」(このエリアはたちいりきんしです). Do not enter, it's prohibited「立ち入り禁止です、入らないでください」(たちいりきんしです、はいらないでください). The term is a combination of '立ち入り (たちいり)' meaning 'entry' and '禁止 (きんし)' meaning 'prohibition'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6311

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Barely, Last minute

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ぎりぎり (ぎりぎり)' is used to describe something that is just within the limit or barely making it. It can refer to time, space, or conditions. For example, when someone arrives just in time, you can say: He arrived just in time「彼はぎりぎりに到着した」(かれはぎりぎりにとうちゃくした). Another example is when something fits barely: This box barely fits in the car「この箱はぎりぎりで車に入る」(このはこはぎりぎりでくるまにはいる). The word can also imply a sense of urgency or cutting it close, such as finishing a task at the last minute: I finished the report just before the deadline「ぎりぎりでレポートを終わらせた」(ぎりぎりでレポートをおわらせた).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

6312

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Etiquette

Reading

Kanji

儀Ceremony 礼Bow, Salute

Explanation

The Japanese noun '儀礼 (ぎれい)' refers to formal etiquette, ceremonies, or rituals. It is often used in contexts involving traditional or formal practices, such as social customs, religious ceremonies, or diplomatic protocols. For example: The wedding ceremony followed strict etiquette「結婚式は厳格な儀礼に従った」(けっこんしきはげんかくなぎれいにしたがった). Diplomatic etiquette is important in international relations「外交儀礼は国際関係で重要だ」(がいこうぎれいはこくさいかんけいでじゅうようだ). The word emphasizes the structured and formal nature of the actions or behaviors it describes.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6313

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Land

Reading

Kanji

国Country 土Soil

Explanation

The Japanese noun '国土 (こくど)' refers to the land or territory of a country. It is often used in contexts discussing geography, national borders, or the physical extent of a nation. For example: Japan's land is mountainous「日本の国土は山が多い」(にほんのこくどはやまがおおい). Protecting the land is important「国土を守ることは大切だ」(こくどをまもることはたいせつだ). This term is commonly used in formal or official contexts, such as government documents or news reports.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6314

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mission

Reading

Kanji

使Use 命Command, Life

Explanation

The Japanese noun '使命 (しめい)' means 'mission'. This word is used to describe a task or duty that one is assigned or feels compelled to complete, often with a sense of importance or destiny. It can be used in various contexts, such as professional, personal, or even spiritual missions. For example: He felt it was his mission to help others「彼は人を助けることが自分の使命だと思った」(かれはひとをたすけることがじぶんのしめいだとおもった). The company's mission is to innovate「その会社の使命は革新することだ」(そのかいしゃのしめいはかくしんすることだ). This word carries a strong sense of responsibility and purpose.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6315

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bedroom

Reading

Kanji

寝Lie down, Go to sleep 室Room

Explanation

The Japanese noun '寝室 (しんしつ)' refers to a 'bedroom', which is a room specifically used for sleeping. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation when referring to the private space in a house or apartment where one sleeps. For example: My bedroom is on the second floor「私の寝室は二階にあります」(わたしのしんしつはにかいにあります). The bedroom is quiet「寝室は静かです」(しんしつはしずかです). The word '寝室' is often used in formal or descriptive contexts, and it emphasizes the function of the room as a sleeping area.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6316

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Power, Nation

Reading

Kanji

大Big 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大国 (たいこく)' refers to a 'major power' or 'great nation'. It is used to describe countries that have significant influence, power, or size on the global stage. This term often carries connotations of political, economic, or military strength. For example: China is a major power「中国は大国です」(ちゅうごくはたいこくです). The United States is a great nation「アメリカは大国です」(アメリカはたいこくです). The term can also be used in historical contexts to refer to powerful nations of the past, such as 'the great nations of ancient times'「古代の大国」(こだいのたいこく).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6317

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hit

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ヒット (hitto)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'hit'. It is commonly used in contexts related to music, sports, and media to describe something that is very popular or successful. For example: This song is a hit「この曲はヒットです」(このきょくはヒットです). He got a hit in the baseball game「彼は野球の試合でヒットを打った」(かれはやきゅうのしあいでヒットをうった). Additionally, it can also refer to a successful search result in databases or online searches, such as: The search returned 100 hits「検索で100ヒットしました」(けんさくで100ヒットしました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6318

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pocket

Reading

Kanji

懐Bosom, Pocket

Explanation

The Japanese noun '懐 (ふところ)' primarily refers to the pocket of a traditional Japanese garment, such as a kimono, where one might keep small items. It can also metaphorically refer to one's financial resources or the depth of one's heart or mind. For example: he reached into his pocket「彼は懐に手を入れた」(かれはふところにてをいれた). The company has deep pockets「その会社は懐が深い」(そのかいしゃはふところがふかい). It's important to note that while '懐' can refer to a physical pocket, its metaphorical uses are also common in Japanese language and literature.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6319

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Understanding

Reading

Kanji

了Finish, Complete 解Solve, Untie

Explanation

The Japanese noun '了解 (りょうかい)' means 'understanding' or 'comprehension'. It is commonly used to acknowledge that one has understood a message, instruction, or situation. It is often used in formal or professional settings, such as in the workplace or military, to confirm receipt and understanding of information. For example: I understand「了解です」(りょうかいです). Understood, I will proceed「了解しました、進めます」(りょうかいしました、すすめます). It can also be used in casual conversations to indicate that one has grasped what someone else is saying. Note that '了解' is often used in response to instructions or requests, and it carries a sense of agreement or compliance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6320

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attack

Reading

Kanji

攻Attack, Aggression

Explanation

The Japanese verb '攻める (せめる)' means 'to attack'. This verb is used to describe the act of initiating an aggressive action against someone or something, often in the context of battle, sports, or competition. It can also be used metaphorically to describe taking an assertive approach in non-physical contexts. For example: the soldiers attacked the castle「兵士たちは城を攻めた」(へいしたちはしろをせめた). The team attacked the opponent's weak point「チームは相手の弱点を攻めた」(チームはあいてのじゃくてんをせめた). In some contexts, it can also imply a strategic or calculated approach to overcoming an obstacle or challenge.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6321

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sake

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun 本Book, Origin 酒Alcohol, Sake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日本酒 (にほんしゅ)' refers to 'sake', a traditional Japanese alcoholic beverage made from fermented rice. Sake is an integral part of Japanese culture and is often consumed during celebrations, ceremonies, or meals. It can be served warm or cold, depending on the type and personal preference. Example sentences: I like sake「日本酒が好きです」(にほんしゅがすきです). This sake is delicious「この日本酒は美味しい」(このにほんしゅはおいしい). Sake is often paired with Japanese cuisine, enhancing the dining experience.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6322

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Guarantee, Warranty

Reading

Kanji

保Preserve 証Evidence

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '保証 (ほしょう)' primarily means 'guarantee' or 'warranty'. It refers to a formal assurance that certain conditions will be fulfilled, often used in legal, financial, or commercial contexts. For example, when purchasing electronics, you might receive a warranty: This product comes with a one-year warranty「この製品は1年の保証がついています」(このせいひんはいちねんのほしょうがついています). In another context, it can mean a guarantee of quality or reliability: I guarantee the quality of this product「この製品の品質を保証します」(このせいひんのひんしつをほしょうします). Note that '保証' is often used in formal or business settings and implies a binding commitment.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6323

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Guarantor

Reading

Kanji

保Preserve 証Evidence 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '保証人 (ほしょうにん)' refers to a 'guarantor', someone who takes responsibility for another person's obligations, such as debts or contractual agreements. This role is often required in situations like renting an apartment or securing a loan. For example: He became my guarantor「彼は私の保証人になりました」(かれはわたしのほしょうにんになりました). The guarantor must sign the contract「保証人は契約に署名しなければなりません」(ほしょうにんはけいやくにしょめいしなければなりません). The term emphasizes legal and financial responsibility, and the guarantor is typically held accountable if the primary party fails to meet their obligations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6324

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Storage, Preservation

Reading

Kanji

保Preserve 存Exist, Suppose

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '保存 (ほぞん)' primarily means 'preservation' or 'storage'. It refers to the act of keeping something in its original state or condition, or storing something for future use. This word is commonly used in contexts related to food preservation, data storage, or the conservation of cultural artifacts. For example: data preservation is important「データの保存は大切です」(データのほぞんはたいせつです). This method is used for food storage「この方法は食品の保存に使われます」(このほうほうはしょくひんのほぞんにつかわれます). Note that '保存' can also imply maintaining something over time, such as in '文化の保存 (ぶんかのほぞん) (preservation of culture)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6325

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Know, Exist

Reading

Kanji

存Exist, Suppose

Explanation

The Japanese verb '存じる (ぞんじる)' is a humble form of the verb '知る (しる)', meaning 'to know'. It is used in formal or polite contexts to show humility, often when referring to oneself. For example: I know that person「その方を存じています」(そのかたをぞんじています). Additionally, '存じる' can also mean 'to exist' in a very formal or archaic sense, though this usage is rare in modern Japanese. For example: The legend still exists「その伝説は今も存じる」(そのでんせつはいまもぞんじる). Note that the 'know' meaning is far more common in everyday usage.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6326

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Consent, Agreement

Reading

Kanji

同Same 意Idea

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '同意 (どうい)' primarily means 'consent' or 'agreement'. It refers to the act of giving permission or approval, or being in harmony with someone else's opinion or decision. This term is often used in formal or legal contexts, such as contracts or discussions. For example: I got his consent「彼の同意を得た」(かれのどういをえた). We reached an agreement「私たちは同意に達した」(わたしたちはどういにたっした). Note that '同意' can also imply mutual understanding or shared opinion, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6327

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unthinkable

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'とんでもない (tondemonai)' is used to describe something that is outrageous, unthinkable, or beyond the bounds of common sense. It can also be used to express strong denial or to downplay a compliment. For example: That's unthinkable!「とんでもない！」(とんでもない！). It's nothing special「とんでもないことじゃない」(とんでもないことじゃない). The word can also be used to describe something that is extremely unexpected or surprising, as in 'とんでもない事件 (とんでもないじけん) (an outrageous incident)'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

6328

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Excessively

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'やたら (やたら)' means 'excessively' or 'recklessly'. It is used to describe actions or states that are done to an extreme or unreasonable degree. This word often carries a negative connotation, implying that something is done without proper thought or control. For example: He talks excessively「彼はやたらと話す」(かれはやたらとはなす). It rained excessively yesterday「昨日はやたらと雨が降った」(きのうはやたらとあめがふった). The word can also imply randomness or unpredictability, as in 'やたらに歩き回る (やたらにあるきまわる) (to wander around aimlessly)'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

6329

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fog

Reading

Kanji

霧Mist, Fog

Explanation

The Japanese noun '霧 (きり)' means 'fog'. It refers to a thick cloud of tiny water droplets suspended in the atmosphere at or near the earth's surface, which obscures visibility. This word is commonly used in weather-related contexts or to describe atmospheric conditions. For example: The fog is thick today「今日は霧が濃い」(きょうはきりがこい). I couldn't see the road because of the fog「霧で道が見えなかった」(きりでみちがみえなかった). In literature, '霧' can also be used metaphorically to describe confusion or uncertainty, such as '心の霧 (こころのきり)' meaning 'mental fog' or 'confusion in one's mind'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6330

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Concurrently

Reading

Kanji

兼Combine, Concurrently

Explanation

The Japanese noun '兼 (けん)' refers to something being done concurrently or holding multiple roles or functions simultaneously. It is often used in compound words or phrases to indicate dual purposes or overlapping responsibilities. For example: He is a teacher and a writer concurrently「彼は教師兼作家です」(かれはきょうしけんさっかです). This room serves as a living room and dining room concurrently「この部屋は居間兼食堂です」(このへやはいまけんしょくどうです). The word emphasizes the combination of roles or functions in a single entity.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6331

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Voyage

Reading

Kanji

航Sail, Navigate 海Sea

Explanation

The Japanese noun '航海 (こうかい)' refers to a voyage or a journey by sea. It is commonly used to describe long trips across oceans or seas, often involving ships or boats. This term can be used in both literal and metaphorical contexts. For example: The ship set sail on a long voyage「船は長い航海に出た」(ふねはながいこうかいにでた). He embarked on a voyage of self-discovery「彼は自己発見の航海に出た」(かれはじこはっけんのこうかいにでた). The word emphasizes the idea of traveling over water, often with a sense of adventure or exploration.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6332

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Actress

Reading

Kanji

女Woman 優Superior, Gentle

Explanation

The Japanese noun '女優 (じょゆう)' refers to a female actor or actress. It is specifically used for women who perform in theater, film, or television. The term is gender-specific, distinguishing female performers from male actors, who are referred to as '俳優 (はいゆう)'. Example sentences: She is a famous actress「彼女は有名な女優です」(かのじょはゆうめいなじょゆうです). The actress received an award「その女優は賞をもらいました」(そのじょゆうはしょうをもらいました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6333

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Knowledge

Reading

Kanji

知Know

Explanation

The Japanese noun '知 (ち)' means 'knowledge'. It refers to the understanding, awareness, or information that one has about something. This word is often used in contexts related to wisdom, intellect, or learning. For example: He has a lot of knowledge「彼は知が多い」(かれはちがおおい). Knowledge is power「知は力なり」(ちはちからなり). The word can also appear in compound words, such as '知恵 (ちえ)' (wisdom) or '知識 (ちしき)' (knowledge/information). It is important to note that '知' is often used in formal or philosophical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6334

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Passage

Reading

Kanji

通Commute, Pass 路Path

Explanation

The Japanese noun '通路 (つうろ)' refers to a 'passage' or 'pathway'. It is commonly used to describe a route or corridor that allows movement from one place to another, such as in buildings, trains, or public spaces. For example: The passage is narrow「通路が狭い」(つうろがせまい). Please keep the passage clear「通路を塞がないでください」(つうろをふさがないでください). This word is often used in contexts like transportation, architecture, or everyday navigation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6335

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Manners

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'マナー (まなー)' refers to 'manners' or 'etiquette'. It is used to describe proper behavior or social norms in various situations, such as dining, public spaces, or communication. This word is often borrowed from English and is commonly used in contexts related to politeness and social conduct. For example: Good manners are important「マナーは大切です」(まなーはたいせつです). He has bad table manners「彼はテーブルマナーが悪い」(かれはてーぶるまながわるい). The word can also be used in compound phrases like 'テーブルマナー (てーぶるまなー)' (table manners) or 'ビジネスマナー (びじねすまなー)' (business etiquette).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6336

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Review, Revision

Reading

Kanji

見See 直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese noun '見直し (みなおし)' refers to the act of reviewing or revising something. It is commonly used in contexts where a plan, policy, or document is being re-examined for improvement or correction. For example: We need a review of the project「プロジェクトの見直しが必要です」(ぷろじぇくとのみなおしがひつようです). The government is considering a revision of the law「政府は法律の見直しを検討しています」(せいふはほうりつのみなおしをけんとうしています). The word can also imply a positive reassessment, such as when someone's opinion of something improves after reconsideration.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6337

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Miss, Overlook

Reading

Kanji

見See 逃Escape

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見逃す (みのがす)' can mean either 'to miss' or 'to overlook' depending on the context. When used to mean 'to miss', it refers to failing to see or notice something, often due to inattention or bad timing. For example: I missed the train「電車を見逃した」(でんしゃをみのがした). When used to mean 'to overlook', it refers to deliberately or accidentally ignoring or failing to take action on something. For example: The teacher overlooked the student's mistake「先生は生徒のミスを見逃した」(せんせいはせいとのミスをみのがした). This verb is often used in situations where something important or noteworthy is not properly noticed or addressed.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6338

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Meaningless

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 意Idea 味Flavor

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '無意味 (むいみ)' means 'meaningless'. It is used to describe something that lacks purpose, significance, or value. This word is often used in contexts where actions, words, or events are perceived as futile or without any meaningful outcome. For example: His efforts were meaningless「彼の努力は無意味だった」(かれのどりょくはむいみだった). This conversation is meaningless「この会話は無意味だ」(このかいわはむいみだ). The word can also be used to describe abstract concepts, such as life or existence, when they are perceived as lacking purpose. Note that '無意味' is often used in a negative or critical tone, so it should be used carefully depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6339

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Carelessness

Reading

Kanji

不Not 注Pour 意Idea

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不注意 (ふちゅうい)' means 'carelessness' or 'lack of attention'. It is used to describe a state of being inattentive or negligent, often leading to mistakes or accidents. This word is commonly used in contexts where someone fails to pay proper attention to details or safety. For example: His carelessness caused the accident「彼の不注意が事故を引き起こした」(かれのふちゅういがじこをひきおこした). She was scolded for her carelessness「彼女は不注意を叱られた」(かのじょはふちゅういをしかられた). The word can also be used to describe a general trait, as in '彼は不注意な人だ (かれはふちゅういなひとだ) (He is a careless person).'

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6340

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cheeky

Reading

Kanji

生Life 意Idea 気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '生意気 (なまいき)' means 'cheeky' or 'impertinent'. It is used to describe someone, often a younger person, who behaves in a way that is overly confident, arrogant, or disrespectful, especially when they lack the experience or status to justify such behavior. For example: That kid is so cheeky「あの子はとても生意気だ」(あのこはとてもなまいきだ). Don't be cheeky to your elders「年上に生意気なことを言うな」(としうえになまいきなことをいうな). The term carries a slightly negative connotation and is often used to scold or criticize someone for their attitude.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6341

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cheerful

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'にこやか (にこやか)' means 'cheerful' or 'smiling warmly'. It is used to describe someone who has a friendly, pleasant, and approachable demeanor, often characterized by a gentle or genuine smile. This word is commonly used to describe people, expressions, or atmospheres that feel welcoming and kind. For example: She greeted me with a cheerful smile「彼女はにこやかに挨拶してくれた」(かのじょはにこやかにあいさつしてくれた). The teacher's cheerful attitude made the students feel at ease「先生のにこやかな態度が生徒を安心させた」(せんせいのにこやかなたいどがせいとをあんしんさせた). Note that 'にこやか' often conveys a sense of warmth and positivity.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

6342

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Uncertain

Reading

Kanji

不Not 確Certain

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不確か (ふたしか)' means 'uncertain'. It is used to describe something that is not definite, reliable, or clear. This word often conveys a sense of doubt or ambiguity. For example: The future is uncertain「未来は不確かだ」(みらいはふたしかだ). His story seems uncertain「彼の話は不確かだ」(かれのはなしはふたしかだ). It can also be used to describe vague or unclear information, as in 'The details are uncertain「詳細は不確かだ」(しょうさいはふたしかだ)'. Note that '不確か' is often followed by the copula 'だ' or 'です' to form a complete sentence.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6343

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Approval

Reading

Kanji

認Recognize, Admit 可Possible

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '認可 (にんか)' refers to the act of officially approving or authorizing something. It is commonly used in formal contexts, such as government or organizational settings, where an official body grants permission or recognition. For example: The government granted approval for the new project「政府は新しいプロジェクトを認可した」(せいふはあたらしいプロジェクトをにんかした). The school received official recognition「その学校は認可を受けた」(そのがっこうはにんかをうけた). This term emphasizes the formal and official nature of the approval process.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6344

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Frank, Straightforward

Reading

Kanji

率Command, Proportion 直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '率直 (そっちょく)' means 'frank' or 'straightforward'. It describes someone who speaks or acts in a direct, honest, and open manner without hiding their thoughts or feelings. This word is often used to praise someone's honesty or to describe a candid conversation. For example: He gave a frank opinion「彼は率直な意見を述べた」(かれはそっちょくないけんをのべた). I appreciate your straightforward answer「あなたの率直な答えに感謝します」(あなたのそっちょくなこたえにかんしゃします). The word can also be used to describe a person's character, as in '率直な人 (そっちょくなひと) (a frank person)'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6345

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Footsteps

Reading

Kanji

足Foot, Sufficient 音Sound

Explanation

The Japanese noun '足音 (あしおと)' refers to the sound made by someone walking, specifically the sound of footsteps. It is commonly used to describe the auditory presence of someone approaching or moving nearby. For example: I heard footsteps in the hallway「廊下で足音が聞こえた」(ろうかであしおときこえた). The sound of footsteps grew louder「足音がだんだん大きくなった」(あしおとがだんだんおおきくなった). This word is often used in contexts where the sound of movement is significant, such as in suspenseful or quiet situations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6346

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mosquito

Reading

Kanji

蚊Mosquito

Explanation

The Japanese noun '蚊 (か)' refers to a 'mosquito', a small flying insect known for biting and sucking blood. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation, especially during warmer months when mosquitoes are more prevalent. For example: There are many mosquitoes here「ここには蚊が多い」(ここにはかがおおい). I got bitten by a mosquito「蚊に刺された」(かにさされた). The word '蚊' is straightforward and does not carry additional meanings or nuances beyond its literal definition.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6347

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Existing

Reading

Kanji

既Already, Previously 存Exist, Suppose

Explanation

The Japanese noun '既存 (きそん)' means 'existing'. It refers to something that already exists or is already in place, often used in contexts like systems, structures, or conditions. For example: The existing system needs improvement「既存のシステムは改善が必要です」(きそんのシステムはかいぜんがひつようです). We must consider existing conditions「既存の条件を考慮しなければなりません」(きそんのじょうけんをこうりょしなければなりません). This word is commonly used in formal or technical contexts to describe pre-existing states or frameworks.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6348

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Enzyme

Reading

Kanji

酵Ferment, Fermentation 素Element

Explanation

The Japanese noun '酵素 (こうそ)' refers to 'enzyme', which is a protein that acts as a catalyst in biochemical reactions. Enzymes are essential for various biological processes, such as digestion and metabolism. For example: enzymes help break down food「酵素は食べ物を分解するのを助けます」(こうそはたべものをぶんかいするのをたすけます). This product contains digestive enzymes「この製品には消化酵素が含まれています」(このせいひんにはしょうかこうそがふくまれています). The term is commonly used in scientific, medical, and everyday contexts related to health and biology.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6349

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Help

Reading

Kanji

助Help

Explanation

The Japanese noun '助け (たすけ)' means 'help'. It refers to assistance or support provided to someone in need. This word is often used in situations where someone requires aid, whether physical, emotional, or otherwise. For example: I need your help「あなたの助けが必要です」(あなたのたすけがひつようです). He came to my rescue「彼は私の助けに来た」(かれはわたしのたすけにきた). The word can also be used in compound phrases, such as '助け合い (たすけあい)', which means 'mutual help' or 'helping each other'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6350

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Omission

Reading

Kanji

中Center 略Abbreviation, Strategy

Explanation

The Japanese noun '中略 (ちゅうりゃく)' refers to the act of omitting or skipping a part of something, typically in the middle of a text, conversation, or sequence. It is commonly used in contexts where certain details are left out for brevity or clarity. For example: Please omit the middle part「中略してください」(ちゅうりゃくしてください). The omitted section is marked as '...'「中略は'...'と記されています」(ちゅうりゃくは'...'ときされています). This term is often seen in written materials, such as books or articles, where parts of the text are intentionally left out.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6351

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Noodles

Reading

Kanji

麺Noodles, Wheat flour

Explanation

The Japanese noun '麺 (めん)' refers to 'noodles', a staple in Japanese cuisine. This term broadly encompasses various types of noodles, including soba, udon, and ramen. It is commonly used in contexts related to food and dining. For example: I ate noodles for lunch「昼ご飯に麺を食べた」(ひるごはんにめんをたべた). This restaurant serves delicious noodles「このレストランは美味しい麺を出す」(このレストランはおいしいめんをだす). The word '麺' is often seen in menus and food-related discussions, highlighting its importance in Japanese culinary culture.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6352

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Both sides

Reading

Kanji

両Both 側Side

Explanation

The Japanese noun '両側 (りょうがわ)' means 'both sides'. It is used to refer to the two sides of something, such as a road, a river, or an object. This word is often used in contexts where it is important to specify that something applies to or is present on both sides. For example: There are trees on both sides of the road「道路の両側に木があります」(どうろのりょうがわにきがあります). Please stand on both sides of the line「線の両側に立ってください」(せんのりょうがわにたってください). The word is commonly used in everyday conversation as well as in more formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6353

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inherit

Reading

Kanji

受Accept 継Succeed, Inherit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '受け継ぐ (うけつぐ)' means 'to inherit'. This verb is used when someone receives or takes over something from a predecessor, such as traditions, responsibilities, or property. It implies a continuation of something from one generation or person to another. For example: He inherited his father's business「彼は父の事業を受け継いだ」(かれはちちのじぎょうをうけついだ). We must inherit the traditions of our ancestors「私たちは先祖の伝統を受け継がなければならない」(わたしたちはせんぞのでんとうをうけつがなければならない). The verb can also be used in a broader sense to describe taking over roles or duties.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6354

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Efficiency

Reading

Kanji

能Ability 率Command, Proportion

Explanation

The Japanese noun '能率 (のうりつ)' means 'efficiency'. It refers to the ability to accomplish tasks or produce results with minimal waste of time, effort, or resources. This term is often used in professional, academic, or organizational contexts to describe productivity or effectiveness. For example: improving work efficiency「仕事の能率を上げる」(しごとののうりつをあげる). The efficiency of this machine is high「この機械の能率は高い」(このきかいののうりつはたかい). Note that '能率' is commonly used in compound phrases like '能率向上 (のうりつこうじょう)' (efficiency improvement) or '能率よく (のうりつよく)' (efficiently).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6355

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Locker

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ロッカー (rokkaa)' refers to a 'locker', which is a storage compartment that can be locked, typically used in places like schools, gyms, or public facilities. It is a loanword from English, and its usage is quite straightforward. For example: Please put your bag in the locker「かばんをロッカーに入れてください」(かばんをロッカーにいれてください). The key to the locker is missing「ロッカーの鍵がありません」(ロッカーのかぎがありません). This term is commonly used in everyday situations where personal items need to be securely stored.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6356

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Airliner

Reading

Kanji

旅Travel 客Guest, Customer 機Machine, Opportunity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '旅客機 (りょかくき)' refers to a commercial passenger aircraft, commonly known as an 'airliner'. This term is used specifically for large airplanes designed to transport passengers on scheduled flights. It is a compound word combining '旅客 (りょかく)' meaning 'passenger' and '機 (き)' meaning 'machine' or 'aircraft'. Example sentences: The airliner departed from Narita Airport「旅客機は成田空港から出発しました」(りょかくきはなりたくうこうからしゅっぱつしました). This airliner can carry over 300 passengers「この旅客機は300人以上の乗客を運べます」(このりょかくきはさんびゃくにんいじょうのじょうきゃくをはこべます).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6357

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clumsy

Reading

Kanji

不Not 器Vessel 用Use

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不器用 (ぶきよう)' means 'clumsy'. It describes someone who lacks skill or dexterity, often in physical tasks or social interactions. This term can also imply a lack of finesse or awkwardness in handling situations. For example: He is clumsy with his hands「彼は手先が不器用だ」(かれはてさきがぶきようだ). She is clumsy at expressing her feelings「彼女は感情を表現するのが不器用だ」(かのじょはかんじょうをひょうげんするのがぶきようだ). The word can carry a slightly endearing or sympathetic tone, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6358

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pride

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'プライド (puraido)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'pride'. It refers to a sense of self-respect, dignity, or satisfaction in one's achievements, qualities, or possessions. This word is often used in contexts related to personal or professional accomplishments. For example: He has too much pride「彼はプライドが高すぎる」(かれはぷらいどがたかすぎる). She takes pride in her work「彼女は仕事にプライドを持っている」(かのじょはしごとにぷらいどをもっている). Note that 'プライド' can sometimes carry a negative connotation when it implies arrogance or excessive self-importance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6359

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unfair

Reading

Kanji

不Not 公Public 平Flat

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不公平 (ふこうへい)' means 'unfair'. It describes situations, actions, or systems that lack fairness or equality. This term is often used in discussions about justice, treatment, or distribution of resources. For example: The decision was unfair「その決定は不公平だった」(そのけっていはふこうへいだった). The rules are unfair to beginners「そのルールは初心者には不公平だ」(そのルールはしょしんしゃにはふこうへいだ). It can also be used in broader contexts, such as societal issues or personal relationships, to highlight inequity or bias.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6360

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Amusement park

Reading

Kanji

遊Play 園Garden 地Ground

Explanation

The Japanese noun '遊園地 (ゆうえんち)' refers to an 'amusement park', a place with various attractions, rides, and entertainment facilities. It is commonly used to describe places like Disneyland or Universal Studios, where people go for leisure and fun. Example sentences: Let's go to the amusement park「遊園地に行きましょう」(ゆうえんちにいきましょう). The amusement park was crowded「遊園地は混んでいた」(ゆうえんちはこんでいた). This word is often associated with family outings or childhood memories.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6361

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Optimal

Reading

Kanji

最Most 適Suitable

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '最適 (さいてき)' means 'optimal'. It is used to describe something that is the most suitable or best possible under given conditions. This term is often used in contexts where efficiency, effectiveness, or suitability is being evaluated. For example: This is the optimal solution「これが最適な解決策です」(これがさいてきなかいけつさくです). The optimal temperature for this experiment is 25 degrees「この実験に最適な温度は25度です」(このじっけんにさいてきなおんどは25どです). It can also be used to describe the best fit or match for a particular purpose, such as in '最適な人材 (さいてきなじんざい) (optimal personnel)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6362

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Illegal

Reading

Kanji

不Not 法Law, Method

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不法 (ふほう)' means 'illegal'. It is used to describe actions, activities, or behaviors that are against the law or not permitted by legal standards. This term is often used in formal or legal contexts. For example: illegal parking「不法駐車」(ふほうちゅうしゃ). Illegal immigration「不法入国」(ふほうにゅうこく). It can also be used to describe something that is morally or ethically wrong, though its primary usage is in legal contexts.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6363

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suddenly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'はっと' (hatto) conveys a sense of sudden realization, surprise, or being startled. It is often used to describe a moment when someone becomes acutely aware of something, either due to a sudden thought or an unexpected event. For example: I suddenly remembered「はっと思い出した」(はっと思いだした). She was startled by the loud noise「彼女は大きな音にはっとした」(かのじょはおおきなおとにはっとした). This adverb is commonly used in situations where there is a quick, sharp reaction to something unexpected or forgotten.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

6364

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Travel

Reading

Kanji

走Run 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese noun '走行 (そうこう)' refers to the act of traveling or moving, particularly by vehicle. It is commonly used in contexts related to driving, such as measuring the distance a vehicle has traveled or discussing the performance of a vehicle. For example: The car has traveled 10,000 kilometers「その車は10,000キロ走行した」(そのくるまは10,000キロそうこうした). The train's travel speed is high「その電車の走行速度は高い」(そのでんしゃのそうこうそくどはたかい). This term is often used in technical or formal contexts related to transportation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6365

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reliance

Reading

Kanji

頼Ask, Trust

Explanation

The Japanese noun '頼り (たより)' means 'reliance' or 'dependence'. It refers to the act of relying on someone or something for support, help, or guidance. This word is often used in contexts where trust or dependence is implied, such as in relationships or when seeking assistance. For example: I have no one to rely on「頼りにする人がいない」(たよりにするひとがいない). He is my only reliance「彼が私の唯一の頼りだ」(かれがわたしのゆいいつのたよりだ). The word can also be used to describe something that serves as a source of support or information, such as a guide or reference.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6366

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Feature, Characteristic

Reading

Kanji

特Special 色Color

Explanation

The Japanese noun '特色 (とくしょく)' refers to a distinctive feature or characteristic that sets something apart. It is often used to describe unique qualities of objects, places, or concepts. For example: The city's feature is its beautiful scenery「その街の特色は美しい景色です」(そのまちのとくしょくはうつくしいけしきです). This product's characteristic is its durability「この製品の特色は耐久性です」(このせいひんのとくしょくはたいきゅうせいです). The word is commonly used in formal or descriptive contexts to highlight what makes something special or different.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6367

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Body

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ボディー (bodii)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'body'. It is commonly used to refer to the physical body of a person or animal, as well as the main part of an object or structure. For example: She has a beautiful body「彼女は美しいボディーを持っている」(かのじょはうつくしいボディーをもっている). The body of the car is damaged「車のボディーが損傷している」(くるまのボディーがそんしょうしている). This term is often used in contexts related to health, fitness, and automotive industries.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6368

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kumamoto

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun 'クマモト' refers to 'Kumamoto', a city and prefecture located on the island of Kyushu in Japan. Kumamoto is known for its historic castle, beautiful natural scenery, and hot springs. The name 'Kumamoto' literally means 'bear origin' or 'bear base', but it is primarily used as a place name. Example sentences: I visited Kumamoto last year「去年クマモトを訪れました」(きょねんクマモトをおとずれました). Kumamoto Castle is very famous「クマモト城はとても有名です」(クマモトじょうはとてもゆうめいです).

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Frequency

6369

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cool

Reading

Kanji

冷Cold

Explanation

The Japanese verb '冷やす (ひやす)' means 'to cool' or 'to chill'. It is used to describe the action of making something colder, often in a literal sense, such as cooling food or drinks. For example: I will cool the beer「ビールを冷やします」(びーるをひやします). Please chill the watermelon「スイカを冷やしてください」(すいかをひやしてください). This verb can also be used metaphorically, such as cooling down emotions or a situation. For instance: He cooled his anger「彼は怒りを冷やした」(かれはおこりをひやした). Note that '冷やす' is transitive and requires a direct object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6370

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Transfer

Reading

Kanji

振Shake, Swing 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '振り込む (ふりこむ)' means 'to transfer money' or 'to deposit funds into an account'. It is commonly used in financial contexts, such as when sending money to someone's bank account or paying bills. For example: I transferred the money to his account「彼の口座に振り込みました」(かれのこうざにふりこみました). Please transfer the payment by tomorrow「明日までに支払いを振り込んでください」(あしたまでにしはらいをふりこんでください). This verb is often used in formal or business settings and is essential for financial transactions in Japan.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6371

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nursery

Reading

Kanji

保Preserve 育Raise, Grow 園Garden

Explanation

The Japanese noun '保育園 (ほいくえん)' refers to a nursery or daycare center where young children, typically under school age, are cared for during the day. It is a facility that provides childcare services, often for working parents. The term is commonly used in Japan to describe institutions that offer early childhood education and care. Example sentences: My child goes to nursery「私の子供は保育園に行きます」(わたしのこどもはほいくえんにいきます). The nursery is near the station「保育園は駅の近くです」(ほいくえんはえきのちかくです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6372

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Jump

Reading

Kanji

飛Fly 上Up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '飛び上がる (とびあがる)' means 'to jump up' or 'to leap up'. It is often used to describe a sudden, energetic upward movement, either physically or metaphorically. For example: The cat jumped up when it heard the noise「猫は音を聞いて飛び上がった」(ねこはおとをきいてとびあがった). He jumped up in surprise「彼は驚いて飛び上がった」(かれはおどろいてとびあがった). This verb can also be used to express excitement or shock, as in '飛び上がるほど嬉しい (とびあがるほどうれしい)' (so happy that one could jump for joy).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6373

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Jump down

Reading

Kanji

飛Fly 下Down

Explanation

The Japanese verb '飛び下りる (とびおりる)' means 'to jump down'. This verb is used to describe the action of jumping from a higher place to a lower place. It often implies a deliberate or sudden action, and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: he jumped down from the roof「彼は屋根から飛び下りた」(かれはやねからとびおりた). The bird jumped down from the tree「鳥は木から飛び下りた」(とりはきからとびおりた). In a figurative sense, it can be used to describe someone making a sudden decision or taking a bold action, such as quitting a job or leaving a situation abruptly.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6374

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flight

Reading

Kanji

飛Fly 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '飛行 (ひこう)' means 'flight'. It refers to the act or process of flying, typically by an aircraft, bird, or other flying object. This term is commonly used in contexts related to aviation, travel, or nature. For example: The flight was smooth「飛行はスムーズでした」(ひこうはスムーズでした). Birds are capable of flight「鳥は飛行ができる」(とりはひこうができる). It can also be used in compound words, such as '飛行機 (ひこうき)' (airplane) or '宇宙飛行 (うちゅうひこう)' (spaceflight).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6375

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Captain

Reading

Kanji

船Ship 長Long, Leader

Explanation

The Japanese noun '船長 (せんちょう)' refers to the captain of a ship or boat. This term is specifically used to denote the person in command of a vessel, responsible for its navigation, crew, and overall operation. For example: The captain is experienced「船長は経験豊かです」(せんちょうはけいけんゆたかです). The captain gave orders to the crew「船長は乗組員に指示を出した」(せんちょうはのりくみいんにしじをだした). It is important to note that '船長' is a formal term and is commonly used in maritime contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6376

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Avoid

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'よける (よける)' means 'to avoid' or 'to dodge'. It is used to describe the action of moving out of the way of something, such as an obstacle, danger, or an unwanted situation. This verb can be used in both physical and metaphorical contexts. For example: He avoided the puddle「彼は水たまりをよけた」(かれはみずたまりをよけた). She dodged the question「彼女は質問をよけた」(かのじょはしつもんをよけた). The verb can also imply a deliberate action to steer clear of something, as in avoiding a collision or evading responsibility.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

6377

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Balloon

Reading

Kanji

風Wind, Style 船Ship

Explanation

The Japanese noun '風船 (ふうせん)' refers to a 'balloon', typically made of rubber or latex and filled with air or helium. It is commonly used in festive occasions, parties, or as a toy for children. For example: The child is playing with a balloon「子供が風船で遊んでいる」(こどもがふうせんであそんでいる). The balloon flew away「風船が飛んでいった」(ふうせんがとんでいった). This word is straightforward and does not carry additional nuanced meanings, making it easy to use in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6378

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Incomplete

Reading

Kanji

不Not 完Complete 全Whole, All

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不完全 (ふかんぜん)' means 'incomplete'. It is used to describe something that is not fully developed, finished, or perfect. This term can be applied to objects, ideas, systems, or processes. For example: The plan is incomplete「その計画は不完全だ」(そのけいかくはふかんぜんだ). His understanding of the topic is incomplete「彼のその話題の理解は不完全だ」(かれのそのわだいのりかいはふかんぜんだ). The word can also imply a sense of imperfection or deficiency, often used in contexts where something is lacking or not fully realized.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6379

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hmm

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese interjection 'ふん' is a sound that expresses a variety of emotions or reactions, such as contemplation, skepticism, or mild interest. It is often used when someone is thinking about something or considering a response. For example: Hmm, I wonder what that means「ふん、それはどういう意味かな」(ふん、それはどういういみかな). Hmm, I'm not sure「ふん、よくわからない」(ふん、よくわからない). The nuance of 'ふん' can vary depending on the tone and context in which it is used, making it a versatile interjection in Japanese conversation.

Part Of Speech

interjection

Frequency

6380

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Innkeeper

Reading

Kanji

女Woman 将Leader, Commander

Explanation

The Japanese noun '女将 (おかみ)' refers to a female innkeeper or the proprietress of a traditional Japanese inn (ryokan) or restaurant. This term is often used to describe a woman who manages the establishment, overseeing its operations and ensuring the comfort of guests. The role of an 'おかみ' is highly respected in Japanese culture, as she is seen as the face of the establishment and plays a key role in maintaining its hospitality and traditions. Example sentences: The innkeeper welcomed us warmly「女将が私たちを温かく迎えてくれた」(おかみがわたしたちをあたたかくむかえてくれた). The proprietress prepared a delicious meal「女将が美味しい料理を作ってくれた」(おかみがおいしいりょうりをつくってくれた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6381

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expression

Reading

Kanji

顔Face 付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese noun '顔付き (かおつき)' refers to a person's facial expression or the look on their face. It is often used to describe the emotions or mood someone is conveying through their face. For example: She had a worried expression「彼女は心配そうな顔付きをしていた」(かのじょはしんぱいそうなかおつきをしていた). His expression changed when he heard the news「彼はそのニュースを聞いて顔付きが変わった」(かれはそのニュースをきいてかおつきがかわった). This word can also imply the overall impression or demeanor someone gives off through their facial appearance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6382

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drum

Reading

Kanji

太Thick, Fat 鼓Drum

Explanation

The Japanese noun '太鼓 (たいこ)' refers to a traditional Japanese drum. It is a percussion instrument that is often used in various traditional Japanese music and performances, such as festivals, theater, and religious ceremonies. The drum is typically made of wood and animal skin, and it is played with sticks called 'bachi'. Example sentences: The sound of the drum is loud「太鼓の音は大きい」(たいこのおとはおおきい). They played the drum at the festival「彼らは祭りで太鼓を叩いた」(かれらはまつりでたいこをたたいた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6383

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Buddha

Reading

Kanji

如As, Likeness 来Come

Explanation

The Japanese noun '如来 (にょらい)' refers to 'Buddha', specifically in the context of Buddhism. It is used to denote a fully enlightened being who has achieved Nirvana. The term is often used in religious texts, teachings, and discussions about Buddhism. For example: The statue of Buddha is majestic「如来の像は荘厳だ」(にょらいのぞうはそうごんだ). We prayed to Buddha「私たちは如来に祈った」(わたしたちはにょらいにいのった). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe someone who is wise and compassionate, embodying the qualities of a Buddha.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6384

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Debt

Reading

Kanji

負Defeat 債Debt

Explanation

The Japanese noun '負債 (ふさい)' means 'debt'. It refers to an amount of money or financial obligation that one owes to another party, often due to borrowing or financial transactions. This term is commonly used in financial, business, or personal contexts. For example: The company has a large debt「その会社は大きな負債がある」(そのかいしゃはおおきなふさいがある). He is struggling to pay off his debt「彼は負債を返済するのに苦労している」(かれはふさいをへんさいするのにくろうしている). Note that '負債' is a formal term and is often used in written or professional contexts, as opposed to more casual terms like '借金 (しゃっきん)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6385

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Interest

Reading

Kanji

利Profit, Advantage 子Child

Explanation

The Japanese noun '利子 (りし)' refers to 'interest', specifically the interest accrued on money, such as in savings accounts or loans. It is a financial term used in contexts involving banking, investments, or borrowing. For example: The interest on this loan is high「このローンの利子は高い」(このローンのりしはたかい). I earned interest from my savings「貯金から利子をもらった」(ちょきんからりしをもらった). Note that '利子' is often used interchangeably with '利息 (りそく)', though '利子' is more commonly used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6386

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ball

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun 'タマ (たま)' typically refers to a 'ball'. This word is often used in contexts involving spherical objects, such as sports balls or decorative balls. It can also be a common name for pets, especially cats, symbolizing something round or cute. For example: The cat's name is Tama「猫の名前はタマです」(ねこのなまえはたまです). I bought a new ball「新しいタマを買いました」(あたらしいたまをかいました). Note that 'タマ' can also be a nickname or a term of endearment in certain contexts.

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Frequency

6387

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clear

Reading

Kanji

晴Clear

Explanation

The Japanese verb '晴れる (はれる)' primarily means 'to clear up' or 'to become clear', most commonly used in reference to weather. It describes the transition from cloudy or rainy weather to clear skies. For example: The weather cleared up「天気が晴れた」(てんきがはれた). It can also be used metaphorically to describe a situation or mood improving, such as when worries or doubts are resolved. For example: My worries cleared up「心配が晴れた」(しんぱいがはれた). This verb is often used in its past tense form '晴れた (はれた)' to describe a change that has already occurred.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6388

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Achievement

Reading

Kanji

達Attain, Plural 成Become

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '達成 (たっせい)' means 'achievement' or 'attainment'. It refers to the successful completion of a goal, task, or objective. This word is often used in contexts where someone has worked hard to accomplish something significant. For example: The achievement of the goal was celebrated「目標の達成が祝われた」(もくひょうのたっせいがいわわれた). She felt a sense of achievement after finishing the project「彼女はプロジェクトを終えて達成感を感じた」(かのじょはプロジェクトをおえてたっせいかんをかんじた). It is commonly used in both personal and professional settings to describe the fulfillment of ambitions or targets.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6389

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Badge

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'バッジ (ばっじ)' refers to a 'badge', typically a small piece of metal, plastic, or cloth with a design or words on it, worn to show support for a cause, membership in a group, or achievement. It is commonly used in contexts such as schools, workplaces, or events. For example: I received a badge for participating「参加したのでバッジをもらった」(さんかしたのでばっじをもらった). She is wearing a company badge「彼女は会社のバッジをつけている」(かのじょはかいしゃのばっじをつけている). The word is borrowed from English and is written in katakana to reflect its foreign origin.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6390

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Minor

Reading

Kanji

未Not yet 成Become 年Year

Explanation

The Japanese noun '未成年 (みせいねん)' refers to a person who is under the legal age of majority, typically under 20 years old in Japan. This term is often used in legal, social, and formal contexts to describe individuals who have not yet reached adulthood. For example: Minors cannot vote「未成年は投票できません」(みせいねんはとうひょうできません). The store does not sell alcohol to minors「その店は未成年に酒を売りません」(そのみせはみせいねんにさけをうりません). The term is also used in discussions about laws, rights, and responsibilities pertaining to young people.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6391

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lose

Reading

Kanji

敗Defeat

Explanation

The Japanese verb '敗れる (やぶれる)' means 'to lose' in the context of a competition, battle, or contest. It is often used to describe defeat in sports, games, or conflicts. This verb carries a nuance of being defeated by an opponent rather than simply failing. For example: They lost the match「彼らは試合に敗れた」(かれらはしあいにやぶれた). The army was defeated in the battle「軍隊は戦いに敗れた」(ぐんたいはたたかいにやぶれた). Note that this verb is typically used in formal or serious contexts and is less common in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6392

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Field

Reading

Kanji

野Field 原Meadow, Original

Explanation

The Japanese noun '野原 (のはら)' refers to an open field or meadow, typically covered with grass or wildflowers. It is often used to describe natural, open spaces in the countryside. For example: children are playing in the field「子供たちが野原で遊んでいる」(こどもたちがのはらであそんでいる). The field is full of flowers「野原は花でいっぱいだ」(のはらははなでいっぱいだ). This word evokes a sense of nature and tranquility, and is commonly used in literature and everyday conversation to describe rural landscapes.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6393

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Field

Reading

Kanji

原Meadow, Original

Explanation

The Japanese noun '原 (はら)' primarily means 'field' or 'plain'. It refers to an open, flat area of land, often used for agriculture or as a natural landscape. This word is commonly found in place names and can also be used to describe a wide, open space. For example: a field of flowers「花の原」(はなのはら). The plain stretched endlessly「その原は果てしなく広がっていた」(そのはらははてしなくひろがっていた). Note that '原' can also appear in compound words, such as '草原 (くさはら)' meaning 'grassland'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6394

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pin

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ピン (pin)' refers to a 'pin', which can be a small, thin piece of metal used to fasten things together, or it can refer to a bowling pin. It is a loanword from English, and its usage is similar to the English word. For example: Please hand me a pin「ピンを取ってください」(ぴんをとってください). The bowling pin fell down「ボウリングのピンが倒れた」(ぼうりんぐのぴんがたおれた). Note that 'ピン' can also be used in various contexts, such as in fashion (e.g., safety pin) or in technology (e.g., pin code).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6395

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strict

Reading

Kanji

厳Severe, Strict 密Secret, Dense

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '厳密 (げんみつ)' means 'strict' or 'precise'. It is used to describe something that is exact, meticulous, or rigorously accurate. This term is often used in contexts where attention to detail and adherence to rules or standards are emphasized. For example: The professor is strict about the rules「教授は規則に厳密です」(きょうじゅはきそくにげんみつです). We need a precise analysis「厳密な分析が必要です」(げんみつなぶんせきがひつようです). The word can also imply a sense of severity or rigor in application, such as in legal or scientific contexts.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6396

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Elevator

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'エレベーター (erebeetaa)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'elevator'. It refers to a platform or compartment housed in a shaft for raising and lowering people or things to different floors or levels of a building. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation, especially in urban areas with multi-story buildings. For example: Please take the elevator「エレベーターを使ってください」(えれべーたーをつかってください). The elevator is out of order「エレベーターは故障中です」(えれべーたーはこしょうちゅうです). Note that 'エレベーター' is often used interchangeably with 'リフト (rifuto)' in some contexts, but 'リフト' typically refers to smaller or specialized lifts, such as those in ski resorts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6397

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Delay

Reading

Kanji

遅Slow, Late

Explanation

The Japanese noun '遅れ (おくれ)' means 'delay'. It refers to a situation where something is behind schedule or late. This word is commonly used in contexts involving time, such as transportation, deadlines, or events. For example: The train is delayed「電車が遅れている」(でんしゃがおくれている). There is a delay in the project「プロジェクトに遅れがある」(プロジェクトにおくれがある). It can also be used metaphorically to describe being behind in progress or development, such as '遅れをとる (おくれをとる)' which means 'to fall behind'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6398

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

One, Side

Reading

Kanji

片Fragment, One sided 方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '片方 (かたほう)' refers to 'one' of a pair or 'one side' of something. It is often used when referring to one of two items, sides, or directions. For example: I lost one of my gloves「片方の手袋をなくした」(かたほうのてぶくろをなくした). Please look to one side「片方を見てください」(かたほうをみてください). The word emphasizes the existence of a pair or counterpart, and it is commonly used in contexts where only one part of a pair is being discussed or is relevant.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6399

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Series, Affiliation

Reading

Kanji

系Lineage 列File

Explanation

The Japanese noun '系列 (けいれつ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'series', referring to a sequence or succession of related things. For example: This is the latest in the series「これは系列の最新作です」(これはけいれつのさいしんさくです). The second meaning is 'affiliation', referring to a group or organization that is connected or associated with another. For example: The company is part of a larger affiliation「その会社は大きな系列に属しています」(そのかいしゃはおおきなけいれつにぞくしています). The word is often used in business contexts to describe subsidiaries or related companies within a corporate group.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6400

Composition

kanji

Handwriting