Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Part Of Speech

word

Meaning

Access

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'アクセス (akusesu)' means 'access'. It is a loanword from English and is commonly used in contexts related to accessing information, locations, or resources. For example: easy access to the station「駅へのアクセスが便利」(えきへのアクセスがべんり). This website has restricted access「このウェブサイトはアクセスが制限されている」(このウェブサイトはアクセスがせいげんされている). The word is often used in technology, transportation, and general accessibility contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3968

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relation

Reading

Kanji

関Barrier, Related

Explanation

The Japanese noun '関わり (かかわり)' means 'relation' or 'involvement'. It refers to a connection or association between people, things, or events. This word is often used to describe how one thing affects or is connected to another. For example: the relation between diet and health「食事と健康の関わり」(しょくじとけんこうのかかわり). His involvement in the project was significant「彼のプロジェクトへの関わりは大きかった」(かれのプロジェクトへのかかわりはおおきかった). The nuance of this word often implies a deeper or more meaningful connection rather than a superficial one.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3969

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Author

Reading

Kanji

著Renowned, Author 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '著者 (ちょしゃ)' refers to the 'author' of a written work, such as a book, article, or essay. It specifically denotes the person who has written or created the content. This term is commonly used in formal contexts, such as in bibliographies, academic papers, or book credits. For example: The author of this book is famous「この本の著者は有名です」(このほんのちょしゃはゆうめいです). I met the author of the novel「小説の著者に会いました」(しょうせつのちょしゃにあいました). Note that '著者' is distinct from '作家 (さっか)', which refers to a writer or novelist in a broader sense.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3970

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Temperate

Reading

Kanji

温Warm 帯Belt, Wear

Explanation

The Japanese noun '温帯 (おんたい)' refers to the 'temperate zone' or 'temperate region'. It is a geographical term used to describe the climate zone located between the tropics and the polar regions, characterized by moderate temperatures and distinct seasons. For example: Japan is located in the temperate zone「日本は温帯に位置している」(にほんはおんたいにいちしている). The temperate zone has four seasons「温帯には四季がある」(おんたいにはしきがある). This term is often used in discussions about climate, geography, and ecology.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3971

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tool

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ツール (つーる)' means 'tool'. This word is a direct loanword from English and is used to refer to any kind of tool, whether physical (like a hammer or screwdriver) or abstract (like software tools). It is commonly used in both everyday conversation and technical contexts. For example: I need a new tool for my work「仕事に新しいツールが必要です」(しごとにあたらしいつーるがひつようです). This software is a useful tool「このソフトウェアは便利なツールです」(このソフトウェアはべんりなつーるです). The word is typically written in katakana to indicate its foreign origin.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3973

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Authority

Reading

Kanji

権Rights, Authority 威Might, Intimidate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '権威 (けんい)' refers to 'authority' in the sense of power, influence, or expertise. It is often used to describe someone or something that commands respect or is recognized as an expert in a particular field. For example: He is an authority in the field of science「彼は科学の分野で権威です」(かれはかがくのぶんやでけんいです). This book is considered an authority on Japanese history「この本は日本の歴史に関する権威とされています」(このほんはにほんのれきしにかんするけんいとされています). The word can also imply a sense of legitimacy or official power, such as in the context of institutions or leaders.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3977

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Occupation

Reading

Kanji

占Fortune telling 領Territory

Explanation

The Japanese noun '占領 (せんりょう)' refers to the act of occupying or taking control of a place, often by force. It is commonly used in historical or political contexts to describe the control of a territory by a foreign power. For example: The occupation lasted for ten years「占領は十年間続いた」(せんりょうはじゅうねんかんつづいた). The city was under military occupation「その都市は軍の占領下にあった」(そのとしはぐんのせんりょうかにあった). This term can also be used metaphorically to describe taking over or dominating a space or situation, such as in '占領する (せんりょうする)' meaning 'to occupy'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3978

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nail

Reading

Kanji

爪Claw

Explanation

The Japanese noun '爪 (つめ)' refers to the 'nail' on a finger or toe. It is used to describe the hard, keratinous covering at the end of digits in humans and animals. For example: I cut my nails「爪を切った」(つめをきった). Her nails are long「彼女の爪は長い」(かのじょのつめはながい). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe something sharp or claw-like, but its primary meaning is related to the physical nail.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3979

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Residential area

Reading

Kanji

住Live 宅House 地Ground

Explanation

TheJapanese noun'住宅地(じゅうたくち)'means'residentialarea'.Itreferstoanareaorzonewherehousingpredominates,typicallycharacterizedbyhomes,apartments,andrelatedresidentialstructures.Thiswordisoftenusedinurbanplanning,realestate,anddailyconversationstodescribepartsofacityortownthatareprimarilyforlivingpurposes.Forexample:Iliveinaquietresidentialarea「私は静かな住宅地に住んでいます」(わたしはしずかなじゅうたくちにすんでいます).Thisareaisdevelopingintoanewresidentialarea「この地域は新しい住宅地に発展しています」(このちいきはあたらしいじゅうたくちにはってんしています).Notethat'住宅地'iscommonlyusedincontrasttocommercialorindustrialareas.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3980

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Address

Reading

Kanji

宛Address 先Before, Previous

Explanation

The Japanese noun '宛先 (あてさき)' refers to the 'address' of a person or place to which something is sent, such as a letter, package, or email. It is commonly used in contexts involving mailing or communication. For example: Please write the address here「ここに宛先を書いてください」(ここにあてさきをかいてください). I forgot to include the address「宛先を書き忘れました」(あてさきをかきわすれました). This word is essential in situations where specifying a destination is required.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3981

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Addressee

Reading

Kanji

宛Address 名Name

Explanation

The Japanese noun '宛名 (あてな)' refers to the name of the person or entity to whom something is addressed, such as a letter, package, or email. It is commonly used in formal and informal contexts when specifying the recipient of correspondence. For example: Please write the addressee here「ここに宛名を書いてください」(ここにあてなをかいてください). The addressee is incorrect「宛名が間違っています」(あてながまちがっています). This word is essential in contexts involving mail, deliveries, or any form of directed communication.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3982

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hand, Needle

Reading

Kanji

針Needle

Explanation

The Japanese noun '針 (はり)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'needle', referring to a thin, pointed object used for sewing or medical purposes. For example: She sewed with a needle「彼女は針で縫った」(かのじょははりでぬった). The second meaning is 'hand', specifically the hour or minute hand of a clock. For example: The clock's minute hand is broken「時計の針が壊れている」(とけいのはりがこわれている). The context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended, as the usage differs significantly between the two.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3983

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Republic

Reading

Kanji

共Together 和Peace

Explanation

The Japanese noun '共和 (きょうわ)' means 'republic'. It refers to a form of government where power is held by the people and their elected representatives, rather than a monarch. This term is often used in political or historical contexts. For example: France is a republic「フランスは共和制です」(フランスはきょうわせいです). The republic was established after the revolution「革命の後、共和制が確立された」(かくめいのあと、きょうわせいがかくりつされた). The word can also appear in compound terms like '共和国 (きょうわこく)' meaning 'republic' as in the name of a country.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3990

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Circumstances, Details

Reading

Kanji

経Manage, Elapse 緯Horizontal, Latitude

Explanation

The Japanese noun '経緯 (けいい)' refers to the sequence of events, details, or circumstances surrounding a situation. It is often used to explain the background or context of how something happened. For example: I want to know the details of the incident「その事件の経緯を知りたい」(そのじけんのけいいをしりたい). The circumstances leading to the decision were complicated「その決定に至った経緯は複雑だった」(そのけっていにいたったけいはふくざつだった). This word is commonly used in formal or explanatory contexts to provide a clear understanding of the progression of events.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3991

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Middle

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese noun '真ん中 (まんなか)' means 'middle'. It refers to the central part or point of something, whether it's a physical space, an object, or even a concept. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to describe the center of an area or the midpoint of a situation. For example: the cat is in the middle of the room「猫は部屋の真ん中にいる」(ねこはへやのまんなかにいる). The answer is in the middle of the book「答えは本の真ん中にある」(こたえはほんのまんなかにある). It can also be used metaphorically, such as in 'the middle of a discussion'「議論の真ん中」(ぎろんのまんなか).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3992

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Promissory note

Reading

Kanji

手Hand 形Shape

Explanation

The Japanese noun '手形 (てがた)' refers to a 'promissory note', which is a financial instrument where one party promises in writing to pay a determinate sum of money to the other, either at a fixed or determinable future time or on demand of the payee. It is commonly used in business transactions. For example: The company issued a promissory note「会社は手形を発行した」(かいしゃはてがたをはっこうした). He paid with a promissory note「彼は手形で支払った」(かれはてがたではらった). This term is specific to financial contexts and is not used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3994

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pen

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ペン' (ぺん) refers to a 'pen', a writing instrument used to apply ink to a surface, typically paper. This word is a direct borrowing from the English word 'pen' and is written in katakana to indicate its foreign origin. It is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as in schools, offices, or at home. For example: I need a pen「ペンが必要です」(ぺんがひつようです). Please lend me your pen「ペンを貸してください」(ぺんをかしてください). The word is straightforward and does not carry additional meanings or nuances beyond its primary definition.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3995

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Whole area

Reading

Kanji

一One 面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一面 (いちめん)' refers to a 'whole area' or 'entire surface' of something. It is often used to describe a vast, uninterrupted expanse or a complete view of a particular scene or situation. For example: the whole area was covered in snow「一面が雪で覆われていた」(いちめんがゆきでおおわれていた). The entire surface of the lake was calm「湖の一面が静かだった」(みずうみのいちめんがしずかだった). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe a broad perspective or a comprehensive view of a situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3996

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Residence

Reading

Kanji

住Live 居Reside, Be

Explanation

The Japanese noun '住居 (じゅうきょ)' refers to a place where someone lives, such as a house, apartment, or dwelling. It is a formal term often used in legal, official, or technical contexts. For example: This is my residence「ここは私の住居です」(ここはわたしのじゅうきょです). The residence is located in the city center「その住居は市の中心にあります」(そのじゅうきょはしのちゅうしんにあります). Note that '住居' is more formal than everyday terms like '家 (いえ)' or '住まい (すまい).'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3997

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pack

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'パック (pakku)' refers to a 'pack' or 'package'. It is commonly used to describe a collection of items bundled together, such as a pack of cards, a pack of tissues, or a skincare face pack. For example: I bought a pack of tissues「ティッシュのパックを買いました」(ティッシュのパックをかいました). She uses a face pack every night「彼女は毎晩フェイスパックを使います」(かのじょはまいばんフェイスパックをつかいます). The word is borrowed from English and is widely understood in everyday contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3998

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

One side

Reading

Kanji

片Fragment, One sided 側Side

Explanation

The Japanese noun '片側 (かたがわ)' means 'one side'. It refers to a single side of something, such as a road, object, or situation. It is often used in contexts where there is a clear distinction or separation between two sides. For example: Please walk on one side of the road「片側を歩いてください」(かたがわをあるいてください). The damage is only on one side of the building「建物の片側だけが損傷しています」(たてもののかたがわだけがそんしょうしています). This word is commonly used in everyday conversations, especially when giving directions or describing locations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3999

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Classic

Reading

Kanji

古Old 典Code, Rule

Explanation

The Japanese noun '古典 (こてん)' refers to something that is considered a classic, often in the context of literature, art, or music. It can denote works that have stood the test of time and are regarded as having significant historical or cultural value. For example: I enjoy reading classics「私は古典を読むのが好きです」(わたしはこてんをよむのがすきです). This museum has a collection of classical art「この美術館は古典美術のコレクションがあります」(このびじゅつかんはこてんびじゅつのコレクションがあります). The term can also be used more broadly to refer to traditional or ancient things in various fields.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4000

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Political party

Reading

Kanji

政Government, Politics 党Party, Faction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '政党 (せいとう)' refers to a 'political party'. This term is used to describe an organized group of people who share similar political goals and work together to influence government policies and gain political power. For example: The new political party was established「新しい政党が設立された」(あたらしいせいとうがせつりつされた). He joined a major political party「彼は主要な政党に加入した」(かれはしゅようなせいとうかにゅうした). The term is commonly used in discussions about politics, elections, and governance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4001

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oil

Reading

Kanji

石Stone 油Oil

Explanation

The Japanese noun '石油 (せきゆ)' refers to 'oil', specifically petroleum or crude oil. It is commonly used in contexts related to energy, fuel, and industrial applications. For example: This country imports a lot of oil「この国は石油をたくさん輸入する」(このくにはせきゆをたくさんゆにゅうする). Oil is an important resource「石油は重要な資源だ」(せきゆはじゅうようなしげんだ). The word is often associated with discussions about energy production, environmental issues, and global markets.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4002

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Snake

Reading

Kanji

蛇Snake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '蛇 (へび)' means 'snake'. This word refers to the reptile characterized by its long, legless body. It is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts. In Japanese culture, snakes can symbolize both positive traits like wisdom and protection, as well as negative traits like danger or deceit. Example sentences: I saw a snake in the garden「庭で蛇を見た」(にわでへびをみた). The snake is long「その蛇は長い」(そのへびはながい). Snakes are often featured in Japanese folklore and mythology, such as the legendary creature 'Yamata no Orochi' (八岐大蛇).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4003

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Backdoor

Reading

Kanji

裏Inside, Rear 口Mouth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '裏口 (うらぐち)' refers to a 'backdoor' or 'rear entrance'. It is commonly used to describe a secondary or less obvious entrance to a building, often used for practical or discreet purposes. In some contexts, it can also imply something done secretly or unofficially, such as '裏口入学 (うらぐちにゅうがく)', which refers to gaining admission through unofficial or unfair means. Example sentences: Please use the backdoor「裏口を使ってください」(うらぐちをつかってください). They entered through the backdoor「彼らは裏口から入った」(かれらはうらぐちからはいった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4005

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Back gate

Reading

Kanji

裏Inside, Rear 門Gate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '裏門 (うらもん)' refers to a 'back gate' or 'rear entrance' of a building, estate, or compound. It is often used to describe a secondary or less prominent entrance, as opposed to the main gate. This term can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: The back gate is closed「裏門は閉まっている」(うらもんはしまっている). He entered through the back gate「彼は裏門から入った」(かれはうらもんからはいった). In some cases, '裏門' can also imply a sense of secrecy or informality, as it is less visible than the main entrance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4007

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Both sides

Reading

Kanji

裏Inside, Rear 表Surface, Express

Explanation

The Japanese noun '裏表 (うらおもて)' refers to 'both sides' of something, such as a piece of paper, fabric, or even a situation. It can also imply the duality or contrast between two sides, such as the front and back or the surface and hidden aspects. For example: This paper has writing on both sides「この紙は裏表に字が書いてある」(このかみはうらおもてにじがかいてある). He has no ulterior motives, he is straightforward「彼には裏表がない」(かれにはうらおもてがない). The word can also metaphorically describe someone's honesty or lack of hidden intentions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4008

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Uterus

Reading

Kanji

子Child 宮Palace

Explanation

The Japanese noun '子宮 (しきゅう)' refers to the 'uterus', which is the organ in the female body where a baby develops during pregnancy. This term is commonly used in medical contexts, discussions about reproductive health, and biology. For example: The doctor examined her uterus「医者は彼女の子宮を検査した」(いしゃはかのじょのしきゅうをけんさした). The uterus is an important organ for reproduction「子宮は生殖にとって重要な器官です」(しきゅうはせいしょくにとってじゅうようなきかんです). The word is neutral in tone and is used in both formal and informal settings when discussing anatomy or health.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4009

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Trillion, Sign

Reading

Kanji

兆Omen, Trillion

Explanation

The Japanese noun '兆 (ちょう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'sign', referring to an indication or omen of something that might happen in the future. For example: there are signs of rain「雨の兆がある」(あめのちょうがある). The second meaning is 'trillion', used in the context of numbers. For example: the national debt is over 100 trillion yen「国の借金は100兆円を超えている」(くにのしゃっきんはひゃくちょうえんをこえている). It's important to note that '兆' as 'trillion' is used in the Japanese numbering system, which differs from the Western system where 'trillion' represents a different numerical value.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4010

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cookie

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'クッキー (kukkii)' refers to a 'cookie', which is a small, sweet baked treat. This word is a loanword from English, and it is commonly used in Japan to describe Western-style cookies. For example: I baked cookies「クッキーを焼きました」(クッキーをやきました). These cookies are delicious「このクッキーは美味しいです」(このクッキーはおいしいです). It's important to note that 'クッキー' specifically refers to the sweet baked goods, and it is distinct from other types of biscuits or crackers, which might be referred to by different terms in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4011

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Spirit, Enthusiasm

Reading

Kanji

意Idea 気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '意気 (いき)' refers to one's spirit, enthusiasm, or determination. It is often used to describe a person's vigor, motivation, or the energy they put into their actions. This word is commonly used in contexts related to teamwork, ambition, or personal drive. For example: His spirit is admirable「彼の意気は立派だ」(かれのいきはりっぱだ). They worked with great enthusiasm「彼らは意気込んで働いた」(かれらはいきごんではたらいた). Note that '意気' can also appear in compound words like '意気投合 (いきとうごう)', which means 'to hit it off' or 'to be in sync with someone.'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4013

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Disaster

Reading

Kanji

災Calamity 害Harm

Explanation

The Japanese noun '災害 (さいがい)' refers to a 'disaster' or 'calamity'. It is commonly used to describe natural disasters such as earthquakes, typhoons, or floods, but can also refer to man-made disasters. The word carries a sense of large-scale damage or harm. Example sentences: The town was hit by a natural disaster「その町は自然災害に襲われた」(そのまちはしぜんさいがいにおそわれた). We must prepare for disasters「災害に備えなければならない」(さいがいにそなえなければならない). The word is often used in news reports, safety guidelines, and discussions about emergency preparedness.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4014

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Power

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'パワー (ぱわー)' means 'power'. It is a loanword derived from the English word 'power' and is used in various contexts to refer to physical strength, energy, or influence. For example: he has a lot of power「彼はパワーがある」(かれはぱわーがある). This machine has great power「この機械はすごいパワーだ」(このきかいすごいぱわーだ). The word is often used in sports, technology, and everyday conversations to describe capability or force.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4015

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Origin

Reading

Kanji

由Reason 来Come

Explanation

The Japanese noun '由来 (ゆらい)' refers to the origin or source of something, often used to describe the historical or cultural background of a tradition, custom, or object. It can also imply the reason or cause behind something. For example: The origin of this festival is ancient「この祭りの由来は古いです」(このまつりのゆらいはふるいです). The story behind this tradition is interesting「この伝統の由来は面白いです」(このでんとうのゆらいはおもしろいです). This word is commonly used in contexts discussing history, culture, or etymology.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4016

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Monthly

Reading

Kanji

月Moon, Month 刊Publish, Edition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '月刊 (げっかん)' refers to something that is published or occurs on a monthly basis. It is commonly used in the context of magazines, journals, or other periodicals. For example: This is a monthly magazine「これは月刊雑誌です」(これはげっかんざっしです). The company releases a monthly report「会社は月刊レポートを発行します」(かいしゃはげっかんレポートをはっこうします). The term emphasizes the regularity of the monthly schedule.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4017

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Publisher

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 版Printing block, Edition 社Company

Explanation

The Japanese noun '出版社 (しゅっぱんしゃ)' refers to a 'publisher', specifically a company or organization that publishes books, magazines, or other written materials. It is commonly used in contexts related to the publishing industry. For example: This book was published by a famous publisher「この本は有名な出版社から出版されました」(このほんはゆうめいなしゅっぱんしゃからしゅっぱんされました). She works at a publishing company「彼女は出版社で働いています」(かのじょはしゅっぱんしゃではたらいています). The word is often used in professional or formal settings when discussing the production and distribution of written works.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4019

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Last night

Reading

Kanji

昨Yesterday, Previous 夜Night

Explanation

The Japanese noun '昨夜 (さくや)' refers to 'last night' or 'yesterday night'. It is used to indicate the night of the previous day. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to refer to events or actions that occurred during the night before the current day. For example: I went to bed late last night「昨夜は遅く寝ました」(さくやはおそくねました). It rained last night「昨夜は雨が降りました」(さくやはあめがふりました). The word '昨夜' is often used in conversation and writing to specify the time frame of past events.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4023

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Outlet

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'コンセント (konsento)' refers to an electrical outlet or socket. This term is commonly used in everyday life when referring to places where electrical devices can be plugged in. For example: Please plug the charger into the outlet「充電器をコンセントに差し込んでください」(じゅうでんきをコンセントにさしこんでください). The outlet is behind the sofa「コンセントはソファの後ろにあります」(コンセントはソファのうしろにあります). It's important to note that 'コンセント' is a loanword derived from the English word 'concentric,' but in Japanese, it specifically refers to electrical outlets.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4024

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Time

Reading

Kanji

時Time, Hour 刻Engrave

Explanation

The Japanese noun '時刻 (じこく)' refers to a specific point in time or the exact time of an event. It is often used in formal contexts or when precision regarding time is necessary. For example: What time is it now?「今の時刻は何時ですか？」(いまのじこくはなんじですか？). The train departs at 8:00 sharp「電車は8時ちょうどに発車します」(でんしゃは8じちょうどにはっしゃします). This word is commonly seen in schedules, announcements, and formal settings where exact timing is important.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4025

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Majority

Reading

Kanji

大Big 半Half

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大半 (たいはん)' means 'majority' and refers to the larger part or greater portion of something. It is often used to describe a significant proportion of a group, quantity, or situation. For example: The majority of the students passed the exam「大半の学生が試験に合格した」(たいはんのがくせいがしけんにごうかくした). The majority of the work is already done「仕事の大半はもう終わっている」(しごとのたいはんはもうおわっている). This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to emphasize the larger part of a whole.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4029

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Zone

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 帯Belt, Wear

Explanation

The Japanese noun '地帯 (ちたい)' refers to a 'zone' or 'area', typically used to describe a specific region or section that is distinguished by particular characteristics. This term is often used in geographical, environmental, or military contexts. For example: This is a dangerous zone「これは危険な地帯です」(これはきけんなちたいです). The tropical zone has a lot of biodiversity「熱帯地帯は生物多様性が豊かです」(ねったいちたいはせいぶつたようせいがゆたかです). It can also be used metaphorically to describe abstract areas or fields, such as in 'comfort zone' or 'economic zone'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4030

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Japan United States

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun 米Rice

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日米 (にちべい)' refers to the relationship or matters involving both Japan and the United States. It is a compound word combining '日' (にち), meaning 'Japan', and '米' (べい), meaning 'America' or 'US'. This term is often used in contexts discussing diplomatic relations, trade agreements, cultural exchanges, or comparative studies between the two countries. For example: The Japan-US relationship is strong「日米関係は強い」(にちべいかんけいはつよい). The Japan-US trade agreement was signed「日米貿易協定が調印された」(にちべいぼうえききょうていがちょういんされた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4031

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lunchbox

Reading

Kanji

弁Valve, Dialect 当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '弁当 (べんとう)' refers to a 'lunchbox' or a packed meal, typically consisting of rice, fish or meat, and vegetables, arranged neatly in a box. It is a common way to carry meals in Japan, often prepared at home or bought from convenience stores, supermarkets, or specialized bento shops. Bento boxes are popular for school lunches, work meals, and picnics. For example: I bought a bento at the station「駅で弁当を買いました」(えきでべんとうをかいました). Her bento is always colorful「彼女の弁当はいつもカラフルです」(かのじょのべんとうはいつもからふるです). Bento boxes are not only practical but also aesthetically pleasing, often reflecting the care and effort put into their preparation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4032

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Farmer, Farmhouse

Reading

Kanji

農Agriculture 家House

Explanation

The Japanese noun '農家 (のうか)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning refers to a person who engages in farming, commonly known as a 'farmer'. The second meaning refers to a 'farmhouse', which is the residence of a farming family. For example: My grandfather is a farmer「私の祖父は農家です」(わたしのそふはのうかです). We visited a traditional farmhouse「私たちは伝統的な農家を訪れました」(わたしたちはでんとうてきなのうかをおとずれました). The context usually makes it clear whether the term refers to a person or a place.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4037

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Few

Reading

Kanji

二Two 三Three

Explanation

The Japanese noun '二三 (にさん)' is a literary or formal term meaning 'a few' or 'several'. It is often used in written language or formal speech to indicate a small, indefinite number of things. For example: I have a few books「二三の本を持っています」(にさんのほんをもっています). There are a few people in the room「部屋に二三の人がいます」(へやににさんのひとがいます). This word is less common in casual conversation, where 'いくつか (いくつか)' or '少し (すこし)' might be used instead.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4043

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Play

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'プレー (ぷれー)' is a loanword derived from the English word 'play'. It is commonly used in the context of sports or games to refer to an action, move, or performance during the activity. For example: That was a great play!「それはすごいプレーだった！」(それはすごいぷれーだった！). His play in the match was impressive「彼の試合でのプレーは印象的だった」(かれのしあいでのぷれーはいんしょうてきだった). This word is often used in sports commentary or casual conversations about games and competitions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4044

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Finance ministry

Reading

Kanji

大Big 蔵Storehouse 省Ministry, Conserve

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大蔵省 (おおくらしょう)' refers to the 'Ministry of Finance', which was a key government body in Japan responsible for financial and monetary policy, as well as managing the national budget. It was replaced by the Ministry of Finance and the Financial Services Agency in 2001. This term is often used in historical or formal contexts. Example sentences: The Ministry of Finance announced a new policy「大蔵省は新しい政策を発表した」(おおくらしょうはあたらしいせいさくをはっぴょうした). He works at the Ministry of Finance「彼は大蔵省で働いている」(かれはおおくらしょうではたらいている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4047

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Corporate bonds

Reading

Kanji

社Company 債Debt

Explanation

The Japanese noun '社債 (しゃさい)' refers to 'corporate bonds', which are debt securities issued by corporations to raise capital. Investors who purchase these bonds lend money to the company in exchange for periodic interest payments and the return of the principal amount at maturity. This term is commonly used in financial and business contexts. For example: The company issued corporate bonds「その会社は社債を発行した」(そのかいしゃはしゃさいをはっこうした). Investing in corporate bonds can be profitable「社債への投資は利益をもたらすことがある」(しゃさいへのとうしはりえきをもたらすことがある).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4048

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shop

Reading

Kanji

商Trade, Deal 店Shop

Explanation

The Japanese noun '商店 (しょうてん)' refers to a 'shop' or 'store', typically a small to medium-sized retail establishment. It is commonly used to describe local businesses or family-run shops that sell goods directly to consumers. The term often carries a sense of community and tradition, as many 商店 are long-standing businesses in neighborhoods. Example sentences: There is a small shop near my house「私の家の近くに商店があります」(わたしのいえのちかくにしょうてんがあります). The shop sells fresh vegetables「その商店は新鮮な野菜を売っています」(そのしょうてんはしんせんなやさいをうっています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4049

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Foreign affairs

Reading

Kanji

外Outside 務Duty, Task 省Ministry, Conserve

Explanation

The Japanese noun '外務省 (がいむしょう)' refers to the 'Ministry of Foreign Affairs'. This is the government department responsible for handling Japan's international relations, diplomacy, and foreign policy. It is often used in formal or official contexts. For example: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced the new policy「外務省は新しい政策を発表した」(がいむしょうはあたらしいせいさくをはっぴょうした). He works at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs「彼は外務省で働いている」(かれはがいむしょうではたらいている). The term is specific to Japan's governmental structure and is not used to describe foreign affairs ministries in other countries.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4051

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Collateral

Reading

Kanji

担Bear, Carry 保Preserve

Explanation

The Japanese noun '担保 (たんぽ)' refers to 'collateral', which is something pledged as security for repayment of a loan. It is commonly used in financial and legal contexts. For example: The bank requires collateral for the loan「銀行はローンに担保を要求する」(ぎんこうはローンにたんぽをようきゅうする). He used his house as collateral「彼は家を担保にした」(かれはいえをたんぽにした). The term is often associated with loans, mortgages, and financial agreements where an asset is used to secure a debt.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4053

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Seven thousand

Reading

Kanji

七Seven 千Thousand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '七千 (ななせん)' means 'seven thousand'. It is a numerical term used to denote the quantity of 7,000. This word is commonly used in contexts involving counting, measurements, or quantities. For example: The population is seven thousand「人口は七千です」(じんこうはななせんです). The price is seven thousand yen「値段は七千円です」(ねだんはななせんえんです). Note that '七千' is a specific number and is used in formal or written contexts more often than in casual speech.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4054

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fan

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'うちわ (uchiwa)' refers to a traditional Japanese hand fan. Unlike folding fans, uchiwa are typically made of a single piece of paper or fabric stretched over a flat, rigid frame, often bamboo. They are used to create a breeze and cool oneself, especially during hot summer months. Uchiwa are also commonly given as promotional items at festivals or events, often featuring advertisements or designs. Example sentences: She is fanning herself with a uchiwa「彼女はうちわで扇いでいる」(かのじょはうちわであおいでいる). I received a uchiwa at the festival「祭りでうちわをもらった」(まつりでうちわをもらった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4057

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deadline

Reading

Kanji

期Time, Period 限Limit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '期限 (きげん)' refers to a 'deadline' or 'time limit'. It is commonly used in contexts where a specific period or date is set for the completion of a task, submission of documents, or expiration of something. For example: The deadline for the report is tomorrow「レポートの期限は明日です」(レポートのきげんはあしたです). The expiration date of this product is next month「この商品の期限は来月です」(このしょうひんのきげんはらいげつです). This word is often used in formal or professional settings, such as work, school, or legal matters.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4059

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Executive

Reading

Kanji

役Duty 員Member

Explanation

The Japanese noun '役員 (やくいん)' refers to an 'executive' or a 'board member' in a company or organization. It is commonly used to describe individuals who hold high-ranking positions, such as directors, officers, or managers, responsible for making important decisions. For example: He is an executive of the company「彼は会社の役員です」(かれはかいしゃのやくいんです). The board members held a meeting「役員たちは会議を開きました」(やくいんたちはかいぎをひらきました). This term is often used in formal or business contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4060

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cream

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'クリーム (kuriimu)' refers to 'cream'. This word is commonly used to describe dairy cream, skincare creams, or any substance with a creamy texture. It is a loanword from English, reflecting its modern usage in Japan. For example: I put cream in my coffee「コーヒーにクリームを入れた」(コーヒーにクリームをいれた). She uses face cream every night「彼女は毎晩フェイスクリームを使う」(かのじょはまいばんフェイスクリームをつかう). The word can also refer to dessert toppings or fillings, such as in 'クリームパン (kuriimu pan)', which means 'cream-filled bread'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4062

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Order, Sequence

Reading

Kanji

順Order, Obey 序Beginning, Preface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '順序 (じゅんじょ)' refers to the arrangement or sequence of things, events, or steps. It emphasizes the logical or proper arrangement of elements. For example: Please follow the correct order「正しい順序に従ってください」(ただしいじゅんじょにしたがってください). The sequence of events is important「出来事の順序が重要です」(できごとのじゅんじょがじゅうようです). This word is often used in contexts like instructions, processes, or storytelling to describe the proper or logical flow of actions or events.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4067

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Terrorism

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'テロ (tero)' is a loanword derived from the English word 'terror' and is used to refer to acts of terrorism. It is commonly used in news reports, discussions about global events, and political contexts. For example: The government is taking measures against terrorism「政府はテロに対する対策を取っている」(せいふはてろにたいするたいさくをとっている). The city was shaken by a terrorist attack「その都市はテロ攻撃に動揺した」(そのとしはてろこうげきにどうようした). The word 'テロ' is often used in compound terms like 'テロリスト (terrorist)' or 'テロ行為 (terrorist act)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4068

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Imitation

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 似Resemble

Explanation

The Japanese noun '真似 (まね)' means 'imitation' or 'mimicry'. It refers to the act of copying or replicating someone's actions, behavior, or style. This word is often used in contexts where someone is mimicking another person, either for fun, learning, or mockery. For example: children often imitate adults「子供はよく大人の真似をする」(こどもはよくおとなのまねをする). He is good at imitating famous people「彼は有名人の真似が上手い」(かれはゆうめいじんのまねがうまい). The word can also be used in a negative sense, such as when someone is copying another's work or ideas without originality.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4069

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

First half

Reading

Kanji

前Before, Front 半Half

Explanation

The Japanese noun '前半 (ぜんはん)' refers to the 'first half' of something, such as a period of time, a game, or a book. It is commonly used to divide events, matches, or time periods into two parts. For example: The first half of the game was exciting「前半の試合は興奮した」(ぜんはんのしあいはこうふんした). I finished the first half of the book「本の前半を読み終えた」(ほんのぜんはんをよみおえた). This term is often used in contexts like sports, academic semesters, or performances to describe the initial portion of an event or period.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4077

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Riddle, Mystery

Reading

Kanji

謎Riddle

Explanation

The Japanese noun '謎 (なぞ)' can mean either 'riddle' or 'mystery', depending on the context. When used to mean 'riddle', it refers to a question or statement intentionally phrased to require ingenuity in finding its answer or meaning. For example: solving a riddle「謎を解く」(なぞをとく). When used to mean 'mystery', it refers to something that is difficult or impossible to understand or explain. For example: the mystery of the universe「宇宙の謎」(うちゅうのなぞ). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something puzzling or enigmatic in everyday situations. For example: her behavior is a mystery「彼女の行動は謎だ」(かのじょのこうどうはなぞだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4078

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Certain

Reading

Kanji

某A certain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '某 (ぼう)' is used to refer to a certain or unspecified person, place, or thing. It is often used when the speaker does not want to or cannot specify the exact identity of the subject. For example: a certain person came to visit「某が訪ねてきた」(ぼうがたずねてきた). I heard it from a certain source「某から聞いた」(ぼうからきいた). The word is somewhat formal and is commonly used in written language or formal speech. It can also be used to anonymize or generalize a subject in a narrative or report.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4079

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Leader

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'リーダー (riidaa)' means 'leader'. It is a loanword from English, and it is used to refer to someone who leads or guides a group, team, or organization. This term is commonly used in both professional and casual contexts. For example: he is the leader of the team「彼はチームのリーダーです」(かれはチームのリーダーです). She became the leader of the project「彼女はプロジェクトのリーダーになりました」(かのじょはプロジェクトのリーダーになりました). The word can also refer to a person who is influential or a role model in a specific field.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4080

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Example

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth 例Example

Explanation

The Japanese noun '実例 (じつれい)' means 'example' or 'instance'. It refers to a concrete or actual case that illustrates a point or serves as evidence. This word is often used in formal or academic contexts to provide proof or to demonstrate a concept. For example: Here is an example of a successful project「ここに成功したプロジェクトの実例があります」(ここにせいこうしたプロジェクトのじつれいがあります). This is a real-life example of the theory「これはその理論の実例です」(これはそのりろんのじつれいです). The word emphasizes the factual or tangible nature of the example being presented.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4084

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Market price

Reading

Kanji

相Mutual 場Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '相場 (そうば)' refers to the market price or current rate of something, often used in the context of stocks, commodities, or currency exchange. It can also imply the general consensus or going rate for something in a more abstract sense. For example: The market price of gold is high today「今日の金の相場は高い」(きょうのきんのそうばはたかい). What's the going rate for part-time jobs these days?「最近のアルバイトの相場はいくらですか？」(さいきんのアルバイトのそうばはいくらですか？). This term is commonly used in financial and economic discussions but can also apply to everyday situations where a standard rate or price is discussed.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4089

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clan, Family

Reading

Kanji

一One 族Family

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一族 (いちぞく)' refers to a family or clan, often implying a group of people related by blood or marriage, and sometimes extending to include a larger group with shared ancestry or lineage. It is commonly used to describe a family unit or a clan with historical or social significance. For example: The family gathered for the festival「一族が祭りのために集まった」(いちぞくがまつりのためにあつまった). The clan has a long history「その一族は長い歴史を持っている」(そのいちぞくはながいれきしをもっている). The term can also be used in a more formal or historical context to describe noble families or influential clans.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4090

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Orient

Reading

Kanji

東East 洋Ocean, Western style

Explanation

The Japanese noun '東洋 (とうよう)' refers to the 'Orient' or 'East Asia', encompassing countries such as Japan, China, and Korea. This term is often used in contrast to '西洋 (せいよう)', which means 'the West' or 'Western countries'. It is commonly used in historical, cultural, and geographical contexts. For example: The culture of the Orient is fascinating「東洋の文化は魅力的だ」(とうようのぶんかはみりょくてきだ). He studies Oriental history「彼は東洋の歴史を研究している」(かれはとうようのれきしをけんきゅうしている). Note that while '東洋' is a neutral term, its usage can sometimes carry historical or cultural connotations depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4091

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Technique

Reading

Kanji

技Skill

Explanation

The Japanese noun '技 (わざ)' refers to a 'technique' or 'skill'. It is commonly used to describe a specific method or way of doing something, often in contexts like martial arts, sports, or crafts. For example: His technique is amazing「彼の技はすごい」(かれのわざはすごい). I want to learn new techniques「新しい技を学びたい」(あたらしいわざをまなびたい). The word can also imply a level of mastery or artistry in performing the technique. It is often used in compound words, such as '必殺技 (ひっさつわざ)' (a special or finishing move).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4092

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deadline

Reading

Kanji

締Tighten, Bind 切Cut

Explanation

The Japanese noun '締め切り (しめきり)' refers to a 'deadline'. It is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to indicate the final date or time by which something must be completed or submitted. For example: The deadline is tomorrow「締め切りは明日です」(しめきりはあしたです). I missed the deadline「締め切りに間に合わなかった」(しめきりにまにあわなかった). This word is often used in academic, professional, and personal settings to emphasize the importance of completing tasks on time.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4095

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Talent

Reading

Kanji

才Talent, Age 能Ability

Explanation

The Japanese noun '才能 (さいのう)' refers to a natural ability or talent that someone possesses. It is often used to describe innate skills or aptitudes in various fields such as arts, sports, or academics. For example: She has a talent for painting「彼女は絵を描く才能がある」(かのじょはえをかくさいのうがある). His talent in music is remarkable「彼の音楽の才能は素晴らしい」(かれのおんがくのさいのうはすばらしい). The word can also be used in a broader sense to describe potential or capability in a particular area.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4097

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Truth

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese noun '真理 (しんり)' means 'truth'. It refers to a fundamental or universal principle, often used in philosophical, scientific, or religious contexts. This word is more abstract and profound than the simpler term '真実 (しんじつ)', which refers to factual truth. Example sentences: The pursuit of truth is important「真理を追求することは大切だ」(しんりをついきゅうすることはたいせつだ). He discovered the truth of the universe「彼は宇宙の真理を発見した」(かれはうちゅうのしんりをはっけんした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4098

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Prewar

Reading

Kanji

戦Fight, War 前Before, Front

Explanation

The Japanese noun '戦前 (せんぜん)' refers to the period before a war, specifically the time before World War II in Japan. It is often used in historical contexts to describe events, policies, or societal conditions that existed prior to the war. For example: Life in Japan before the war was different「戦前の日本での生活は違っていた」(せんぜんのにほんでのせいかつはちがっていた). Prewar architecture is still preserved in some areas「戦前の建築はまだいくつかの地域で保存されている」(せんぜんのけんちくはまだいくつかのちいきでほぞんされている). The term is commonly used in discussions about history, culture, and politics.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4099

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Number

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ナンバー (nanbaa)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'number'. It is commonly used in contexts related to identification, ranking, or labeling. For example: What is your phone number?「あなたの電話番号はナンバーは何ですか？」(あなたのでんわばんごうはナンバーはなんですか？). He is number one in the class「彼はクラスのナンバーワンです」(かれはクラスのナンバーワンです). The word can also be used in sports or competitions to refer to a player's jersey number or ranking. Note that 'ナンバー' is often written in katakana due to its foreign origin.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4100

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Idea

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'アイディア (aidia)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'idea'. It refers to a thought, suggestion, or plan formed in the mind. This word is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to discuss concepts, plans, or creative thoughts. For example: I have a great idea「すごいアイディアがあります」(すごいあいであがあります). His idea was brilliant「彼のアイディアは素晴らしかった」(かれのあいであはすばらしかった). The word 'アイディア' is often used in discussions about innovation, problem-solving, or brainstorming.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4104

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Feudal lord

Reading

Kanji

大Big 名Name

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大名 (だいみょう)' refers to a 'feudal lord' during the Edo period and earlier in Japan. These were powerful landowners who ruled over large territories and had significant political and military influence. The term is historically significant and often associated with the samurai class. For example: The feudal lord built a grand castle「大名は立派な城を建てた」(だいみょうはりっぱなしろをたてた). The feudal lord governed his domain strictly「大名は領地を厳しく治めた」(だいみょうはりょうちをきびしくおさめた). The word is primarily used in historical contexts and is not commonly used in modern everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4105

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Complaint

Reading

Kanji

苦Suffer 情Feeling, Emotion

Explanation

The Japanese noun '苦情 (くじょう)' means 'complaint'. It refers to an expression of dissatisfaction or grievance about something. This word is commonly used in formal or serious contexts, such as when someone voices a complaint about a service, product, or situation. For example: The customer filed a complaint「お客様が苦情を申し立てました」(おきゃくさまがくじょうをもうしたてました). There were many complaints about the noise「騒音について多くの苦情がありました」(そうおんについておおくのくじょうがありました). Note that '苦情' is often used in professional or official settings, and it carries a formal tone.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4109

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Parts

Reading

Kanji

部Section, Department 品Product

Explanation

The Japanese noun '部品 (ぶひん)' refers to 'parts' or 'components', typically used in the context of machinery, electronics, or other technical systems. It is commonly used to describe individual pieces that make up a larger device or system. For example: I bought spare parts for the car「車の部品を買いました」(くるまのぶひんをかいました). These parts are essential for the machine「これらの部品は機械に必要です」(これらのぶひんはきかいにとくべつです). The word is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4111

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Peak, Middle

Reading

Kanji

最Most 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese noun '最中 (さいちゅう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'middle', referring to the midpoint or ongoing state of an event or period. For example: in the middle of the meeting「会議の最中です」(かいぎのさいちゅうです). The second meaning is 'peak', referring to the height or climax of something, such as an event or season. For example: during the peak of summer「夏の最中に」(なつのさいちゅうに). The word is often used to emphasize the ongoing or intense nature of a situation. Another example: in the middle of a storm「嵐の最中」(あらしのさいちゅう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4114

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

New

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ニュー (nyuu)' is a loanword derived from the English word 'new'. It is used to describe something that is recently made, introduced, or discovered. This term is often used in contexts related to products, technology, or trends. For example: This is the new model「これはニューモデルです」(これはにゅーもでるです). I bought a new car「新しい車を買いました」(あたらしいくるまをかいました). Note that 'ニュー' is typically used in more casual or commercial contexts, while '新しい (あたらしい)' is the native Japanese adjective for 'new' and is more commonly used in everyday language.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4115

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Self service

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'セルフサービス (serufusaabisu)' means 'self-service'. This term is commonly used in contexts where customers serve themselves, such as in restaurants, gas stations, or stores. For example: This restaurant is self-service「このレストランはセルフサービスです」(このレストランはせるふさーびすです). I prefer self-service gas stations「セルフサービスのガソリンスタンドが好きです」(せるふさーびすのがそりんすたんどがすきです). The concept emphasizes the idea of independence and efficiency, where customers take on tasks traditionally performed by staff.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4117

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Overwork

Reading

Kanji

過Exceed, Error 労Labor

Explanation

The Japanese noun '過労 (かろう)' refers to the state of being overworked or suffering from excessive fatigue due to prolonged work. It is often used in contexts related to health, workplace stress, or labor issues. For example: He collapsed from overwork「彼は過労で倒れた」(かれはかろうでたおれた). Overwork can lead to serious health problems「過労は深刻な健康問題を引き起こすことがある」(かろうはしんこくなけんこうもんだいをひきおこすことがある). This term is commonly associated with discussions about work-life balance and the negative effects of excessive working hours.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4122

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Training, Asceticism

Reading

Kanji

修Discipline 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese noun '修行 (しゅぎょう)' primarily refers to rigorous training or discipline, often in the context of mastering a skill, art, or spiritual practice. It can also denote ascetic practices aimed at self-improvement or spiritual enlightenment. For example: He is undergoing rigorous training「彼は厳しい修行をしている」(かれはきびしいしゅぎょうをしている). Monks engage in ascetic practices「僧侶たちは修行に励んでいる」(そうりょたちはしゅぎょうにはげんでいる). This word is commonly used in both secular and religious contexts, emphasizing dedication and perseverance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4125

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Zero

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ゼロ (zero)' means 'zero'. It is used to represent the number 0 or to indicate the absence of something. This word is often used in mathematical contexts, sports scores, or to describe a complete lack of something. For example: The score is zero-zero「スコアはゼロゼロです」(スコアはゼロゼロです). There is zero chance of rain「雨の可能性はゼロです」(あめのかのうせいはゼロです). The word 'ゼロ' is a loanword from English, and it is commonly written in katakana to reflect its foreign origin.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4126

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Difference

Reading

Kanji

相Mutual 違Differ, Different

Explanation

The Japanese noun '相違 (そうい)' means 'difference'. It is used to describe a distinction or discrepancy between two or more things, ideas, or situations. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to highlight contrasts or disagreements. For example: there is a difference in opinion「意見に相違がある」(いけんにそういがある). The difference between the two plans is clear「二つの計画の相違は明らかだ」(ふたつのけいかくのそういはあきらかだ). Note that '相違' is more formal than other words like '違い (ちがい)', which is more commonly used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4127

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Alphabet

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'アルファベット (arufabetto)' refers to the 'alphabet', specifically the Latin alphabet used in English and many other languages. It is a loanword from the English 'alphabet' and is commonly used in contexts related to language learning, writing systems, or when referring to the Romanized form of Japanese (romaji). For example: I am learning the alphabet「アルファベットを勉強しています」(あるふぁべっとをべんきょうしています). The word 'alphabet' is written in アルファベット (arufabetto)「その単語はアルファベットで書かれています」(そのたんごはあるふぁべっとでかかれています). Note that this term is distinct from the Japanese writing systems (hiragana, katakana, kanji) and is used exclusively for the Latin script.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4130

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Vote

Reading

Kanji

票Vote, Ballot

Explanation

The Japanese noun '票 (ひょう)' primarily means 'vote'. It refers to a formal expression of preference or opinion in a decision-making process, such as an election or a ballot. This word is commonly used in political or organizational contexts. For example: I cast my vote「私は票を投じた」(わたしはひょうをとうじた). The majority of votes decided the outcome「票の多数が結果を決めた」(ひょうのたすうがけっかをきめた). Note that '票' can also refer to a ballot or a voting slip, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4135

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fishing

Reading

Kanji

漁Fishing 業Business

Explanation

The Japanese noun '漁業 (ぎょぎょう)' refers to the industry or activity of catching fish and other seafood for commercial purposes. It encompasses both the act of fishing and the broader industry that includes processing and selling seafood. This term is often used in discussions about marine resources, sustainability, and the economy. For example: Fishing is an important industry in this town「この町では漁業が重要な産業です」(このまちではぎょぎょうがじゅうようなさんぎょうです). He works in the fishing industry「彼は漁業に従事しています」(かれはぎょぎょうにじゅうじしています). The term can also be used in compound words, such as '漁業権 (ぎょぎょうけん)' (fishing rights) or '漁業協同組合 (ぎょぎょうきょうどうくみあい)' (fishery cooperative).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4136

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Alternation, Relief

Reading

Kanji

交Mix 代Substitute, Era

Explanation

The Japanese noun '交代 (こうたい)' refers to the act of taking turns or replacing someone or something. It can mean 'relief' in the sense of one person taking over a duty from another, or 'alternation' in the sense of a regular change between different states or people. For example: The team made a player substitution「チームは選手交代をした」(チームはせんしゅこうたいをした). There is a shift change at the factory every eight hours「工場では8時間ごとに交代がある」(こうじょうでは8じかんごとにこうたいがある). This term is commonly used in sports, work environments, and any situation involving rotation or replacement.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4139

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Impact

Reading

Kanji

衝Collide 撃Beat, Strike

Explanation

The Japanese noun '衝撃 (しょうげき)' primarily means 'impact'. It refers to a strong effect or influence caused by a physical force or an emotional event. This word can be used in various contexts, such as describing the physical impact of a collision or the emotional shock of unexpected news. For example: The impact of the earthquake was devastating「地震の衝撃は壊滅的だった」(じしんのしょうげきはかいめつてきだった). The news had a huge impact on her「そのニュースは彼女に大きな衝撃を与えた」(そのニュースはかのじょにおおきなしょうげきをあたえた). It's important to note that '衝撃' can also imply a sudden and powerful effect, whether physical or emotional.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4140

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Testimony

Reading

Kanji

証Evidence 言Say

Explanation

The Japanese noun '証言 (しょうげん)' refers to 'testimony' or a formal statement given under oath, typically in a legal context. It is used when someone provides evidence or recounts events they have witnessed. For example: The witness gave his testimony「証人が証言をした」(しょうにんがしょうげんをした). Her testimony was crucial to the case「彼女の証言は事件にとって重要だった」(かのじょのしょうげんはじけんにとってじゅうようだった). This word is commonly used in legal settings, such as courtrooms, but can also appear in everyday contexts when discussing someone's account of events.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4141

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Procurement

Reading

Kanji

調Investigate, Tune 達Attain, Plural

Explanation

The Japanese noun '調達 (ちょうたつ)' refers to the act of procuring or obtaining goods, materials, or services, often in a business or organizational context. It is commonly used in supply chain management, logistics, and corporate settings. For example: The company is responsible for the procurement of raw materials「会社は原材料の調達を担当しています」(かいしゃはげんざいりょうのちょうたつをたんとうしています). We need to procure new equipment「新しい設備を調達する必要があります」(あたらしいせつびをちょうたつするひつようがあります). The term emphasizes the process of sourcing and acquiring necessary resources efficiently.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4142

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Snore

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'いびき' refers to the sound made by a person while sleeping, commonly known as 'snoring'. It is often used in contexts related to sleep, health, or disturbances caused by loud breathing during sleep. Example sentences include: His snoring is loud「彼のいびきはうるさい」(かれのいびきはうるさい). I couldn't sleep because of the snoring「いびきで眠れなかった」(いびきでねむれなかった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4144

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pressure

Reading

Kanji

気Spirit 圧Pressure

Explanation

The Japanese noun '気圧 (きあつ)' refers to 'atmospheric pressure' or 'air pressure'. It is commonly used in scientific contexts, weather forecasts, and discussions about the environment. For example: The atmospheric pressure is low today「今日は気圧が低い」(きょうはきあつがひくい). Changes in air pressure can affect your health「気圧の変化は健康に影響を与える」(きあつのへんかはけんこうにえいきょうをあたえる). This term is essential in meteorology and can also be used metaphorically to describe a tense or pressurized situation, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4147

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

High pressure

Reading

Kanji

高High, Expensive 気Spirit 圧Pressure

Explanation

The Japanese noun '高気圧 (こうきあつ)' refers to 'high atmospheric pressure'. It is commonly used in weather forecasts and discussions about meteorology. High-pressure systems are often associated with clear skies and stable weather conditions. For example: Today's weather is influenced by high pressure「今日の天気は高気圧に影響されています」(きょうのてんきはこうきあつにえいきょうされています). High pressure brings sunny weather「高気圧は晴れをもたらします」(こうきあつははれをもたらします). This term is essential for understanding weather patterns and forecasts in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4148

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Character, Pattern

Reading

Kanji

柄Design, Handle

Explanation

The Japanese noun '柄 (がら)' can mean 'pattern' or 'character'. When referring to 'pattern', it describes the design or motif on fabric, clothing, or other surfaces. For example: This shirt has a nice pattern「このシャツは柄がいい」(このシャツはがらがいい). When referring to 'character', it describes someone's personality or nature. For example: He has a calm character「彼は落ち着いた柄だ」(かれはおちついたがらだ). The meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4149

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Slave

Reading

Kanji

奴Servant, Dude 隷Slave

Explanation

The Japanese noun '奴隷 (どれい)' refers to a 'slave', someone who is owned by another person and forced to work without personal freedom. Historically, it was used to describe individuals in servitude, often in contexts of forced labor or subjugation. In modern usage, it can also metaphorically describe someone who is excessively controlled or dominated by another, such as in a relationship or by societal pressures. Example sentences: He was treated like a slave「彼は奴隷のように扱われた」(かれはどれいのようにあつかわれた). Many people were enslaved during that era「その時代には多くの人々が奴隷にされた」(そのじだいにはおおくのひとびとがどれいにされた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4150

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Smoke

Reading

Kanji

煙Smoke

Explanation

The Japanese noun '煙 (けむり)' means 'smoke'. It refers to the visible vapor and gases given off by burning materials, such as wood, tobacco, or other substances. This word is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as describing smoke from a fire, cigarette smoke, or even metaphorical uses like 'smoke and mirrors'. Example sentences: The smoke from the fire is thick「火事の煙が濃い」(かじのけむりがこい). Cigarette smoke filled the room「タバコの煙が部屋に充満した」(タバコのけむりがへやにじゅうまんした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4152

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Judiciary

Reading

Kanji

司Director 法Law, Method

Explanation

The Japanese noun '司法 (しほう)' refers to the 'judiciary' or 'judicial system'. It encompasses the system of courts and judges that interpret and apply the law in legal cases. This term is often used in discussions about law, government, and justice. For example: The judiciary is independent「司法は独立している」(しほうはどくりつしている). The judiciary plays a crucial role in maintaining justice「司法は正義を維持する上で重要な役割を果たす」(しほうはせいぎをいじするうえでじゅうようなやくわりをはたす).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4153

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Former

Reading

Kanji

前Before, Front 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '前者 (ぜんしゃ)' means 'the former' and is used to refer to the first of two things or people mentioned earlier in a conversation or text. It is often paired with '後者 (こうしゃ)', which means 'the latter'. For example: Between tea and coffee, I prefer the former「紅茶とコーヒーのうち、前者が好きです」(こうちゃとコーヒーのうち、ぜんしゃがすきです). When comparing two options, the former is usually the first one mentioned. This word is commonly used in formal or written contexts to avoid repetition.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4154

Composition

kanji

Handwriting