Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Part Of Speech

word

Meaning

Race

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'レース (れーす)' primarily means 'race', referring to a competition of speed, such as in sports or vehicles. It can also mean 'lace', a delicate fabric made of yarn or thread in an open weblike pattern. For example: I watched a car race yesterday「昨日、車のレースを見ました」(きのう、くるまのれーすをみました). She wore a dress with beautiful lace「彼女は美しいレースのドレスを着ていました」(かのじょはうつくしいれーすのどれすをきていました). The context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4341

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Excess

Reading

Kanji

過Exceed, Error 剰Surplus

Explanation

The Japanese noun '過剰 (かじょう)' means 'excess'. It refers to an amount or degree that is more than necessary, appropriate, or desirable. This word is often used in contexts related to overproduction, overconsumption, or excessive behavior. For example: The factory produced an excess of goods「工場は過剰な商品を生産した」(こうじょうはかじょうなしょうひんをせいさんした). His excessive worry is causing stress「彼の過剰な心配がストレスを引き起こしている」(かれのかじょうなしんぱいがすとれすをひきおこしている). The term can also be used in medical or scientific contexts to describe an overabundance of something, such as hormones or nutrients.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4344

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Invasion

Reading

Kanji

侵Invade 略Abbreviation, Strategy

Explanation

The Japanese noun '侵略 (しんりゃく)' means 'invasion'. It refers to the act of forcefully entering and taking control of a territory, often by military force. This term is commonly used in historical, political, or military contexts. For example: The country suffered from foreign invasion「その国は外国の侵略に苦しんだ」(そのくにはがいこくのしんりゃくにくるしんだ). The invasion caused widespread destruction「侵略は広範囲な破壊を引き起こした」(しんりゃくはこうはんいなはかいをひきおこした). It can also be used metaphorically to describe non-physical intrusions, such as cultural or economic invasions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4345

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Good

Reading

Kanji

善Good, Virtuous

Explanation

The Japanese noun '善 (ぜん)' means 'good'. It refers to moral goodness, virtue, or that which is right and beneficial. This term is often used in philosophical, ethical, or religious contexts to describe actions, intentions, or states of being that are morally positive. For example: doing good is important「善を行うことは大切です」(ぜんをおこなうことはたいせつです). He is a person of good character「彼は善の人です」(かれはぜんのひとです). The concept of '善' is frequently contrasted with '悪 (あく)' (evil) in discussions about morality.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4346

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Entirety

Reading

Kanji

全Whole, All 面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '全面 (ぜんめん)' means 'entirety' or 'the whole surface/area'. It is used to refer to the complete extent or scope of something, often emphasizing that nothing is left out. For example: The company supports the plan in its entirety「会社はその計画を全面支持している」(かいしゃはそのけいかくをぜんめんしじしている). The wall was painted entirely white「壁は全面白く塗られた」(かべはぜんめんしろくぬられた). This word is commonly used in formal or descriptive contexts to emphasize completeness or totality.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4347

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suit

Reading

Kanji

背Back, Height 広Wide

Explanation

The Japanese noun '背広 (せびろ)' refers to a 'suit', specifically a business suit typically worn by men in formal or professional settings. This term is often used in contexts related to work, business meetings, or formal events. For example: He bought a new suit「彼は新しい背広を買った」(かれはあたらしいせびろをかった). I need to wear a suit for the meeting「会議のために背広を着る必要がある」(かいぎのためにせびろをきるひつようがある). The word '背広' is commonly associated with Western-style suits and is a staple in Japanese business attire.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4348

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Eldest son

Reading

Kanji

長Long, Leader 男Man

Explanation

The Japanese noun '長男 (ちょうなん)' refers to the 'eldest son' in a family. This term is used to denote the firstborn male child, often carrying cultural significance in terms of inheritance, family responsibilities, and traditional roles. For example: His eldest son is a doctor「彼の長男は医者です」(かれのちょうなんはいしゃです). The eldest son inherited the family business「長男は家業を継ぎました」(ちょうなんはかぎょうをつぎました). In Japanese society, the eldest son may traditionally be expected to take care of aging parents or manage family affairs.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4352

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Duties

Reading

Kanji

職Employment 務Duty, Task

Explanation

The Japanese noun '職務 (しょくむ)' refers to the duties or responsibilities associated with a particular job or position. It is often used in formal or professional contexts to describe the tasks one is expected to perform as part of their role. For example: He is focused on his duties「彼は職務に集中している」(かれはしょくむにしゅうちゅうしている). The manager explained the duties of the new position「マネージャーは新しいポジションの職務を説明した」(マネージャーはあたらしいポジションのしょくむをせつめいした). This term emphasizes the formal and obligatory nature of the tasks involved.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4360

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mouse, Rat

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ネズミ (ねずみ)' refers to small rodents, specifically mice or rats. It is commonly used to describe these animals in everyday conversation. The word can refer to both wild and domesticated rodents, and it is often used in contexts involving pests, pets, or biology. For example: There is a mouse in the kitchen「台所にネズミがいる」(だいどころにねずみがいる). The rat ran away quickly「ネズミは速く逃げた」(ねずみははやくにげた). Note that while 'ネズミ' can refer to both mice and rats, the distinction between the two is often made clear through context or additional descriptors.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4361

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sneeze

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'くしゃみ' refers to the act of sneezing. It is commonly used to describe the involuntary expulsion of air from the nose and mouth due to irritation in the nasal passages. For example: I had a sneeze「くしゃみが出た」(くしゃみがでた). Cover your mouth when you sneeze「くしゃみをする時は口を覆ってください」(くしゃみをするときはくちをおおってください). This word is often used in everyday conversations, especially during cold and allergy seasons.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4364

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Scene

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'シーン (しーん)' means 'scene'. This word is often used to describe a specific part of a movie, play, or story, or to refer to a particular situation or moment in real life. It can also be used to describe the atmosphere or mood of a place or event. For example: that was a touching scene「それは感動的なシーンだった」(それはかんどうてきなしーんだった). The scene at the park was peaceful「公園のシーンは平和だった」(こうえんのしーんはへいわだった). Note that 'シーン' is a loanword from English, and is commonly used in modern Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4365

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Colleague

Reading

Kanji

同Same 僚Colleague, Official

Explanation

The Japanese noun '同僚 (どうりょう)' refers to a colleague or coworker, someone who works in the same organization or team. It is commonly used in professional settings to describe peers who share similar roles or responsibilities. For example: My colleague helped me with the project「同僚がプロジェクトを手伝ってくれた」(どうりょうがぷろじぇくとをてつだってくれた). I went out for drinks with my colleagues「同僚と飲みに行った」(どうりょうとのみにいった). The term emphasizes a sense of camaraderie and shared workplace context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4366

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Simultaneous

Reading

Kanji

一One 斉Uniform, Adjusted

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一斉 (いっせい)' means 'simultaneous' or 'all at once'. It is used to describe actions or events that occur at the same time. This word is often used in contexts where multiple people or things act in unison. For example: The students stood up simultaneously「学生たちは一斉に立ち上がった」(がくせいたちはいっせいにたちあがった). The lights went out all at once「明かりが一斉に消えた」(あかりがいっせいときえた). The word can also be used in phrases like '一斉に (いっせいに)' to mean 'all together' or 'in unison'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4370

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Series

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'シリーズ (shiriizu)' means 'series'. It is a loanword from English and is used to refer to a sequence or collection of related items, such as books, TV shows, movies, or products. For example: I love this book series「この本のシリーズが大好きです」(このほんのシリーズがだいすきです). The new drama series starts next week「新しいドラマシリーズは来週始まります」(あたらしいドラマシリーズはらいしゅうはじまります). This word is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4371

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Last year

Reading

Kanji

去Past 年Year

Explanation

The Japanese noun '去年 (きょねん)' means 'last year'. It is used to refer to the year immediately preceding the current one. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and writing to indicate events or situations that occurred in the previous year. For example: I went to Japan last year「去年、日本に行きました」(きょねん、にほんにいきました). Last year was very busy「去年はとても忙しかった」(きょねんはとてもいそがしかった). It is important to note that '去年' is a specific term and should not be confused with '昨年 (さくねん)', which is a more formal term also meaning 'last year'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4377

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Circulation

Reading

Kanji

循Circulate, Sequential 環Ring, Surround

Explanation

The Japanese noun '循環 (じゅんかん)' means 'circulation'. It refers to the movement or flow of something in a circular or recurring pattern. This word is commonly used in contexts such as blood circulation, environmental cycles, or the circulation of goods and money. For example: blood circulation is important for health「血液の循環は健康に重要です」(けつえきのじゅんかんはけんこうにじゅうようです). The circulation of money stimulates the economy「お金の循環が経済を活性化します」(おかねのじゅんかんがけいざいをかっせいかします). It can also be used metaphorically to describe the cyclical nature of events or ideas.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4380

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Number

Reading

Kanji

数Number 値Value, Price

Explanation

The Japanese noun '数値 (すうち)' refers to a numerical value or figure. It is commonly used in contexts involving data, statistics, measurements, or calculations. For example: the numerical value is high「数値が高い」(すうちがたかい). Please input the numerical data「数値を入力してください」(すうちをにゅうりょくしてください). This term is often used in technical, scientific, or mathematical contexts to describe specific quantities or measurements.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4381

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cloth

Reading

Kanji

布Cloth, Linen

Explanation

The Japanese noun '布 (ぬの)' refers to 'cloth' or 'fabric'. It is used to describe woven material, typically made from fibers like cotton, wool, or synthetic materials. This word is commonly used in contexts involving clothing, textiles, or household items. For example: I bought new cloth「新しい布を買いました」(あたらしいぬのをかいました). This cloth is soft「この布は柔らかいです」(このぬのはやわらかいです). The word can also appear in compound nouns, such as '布団 (ふとん)' (futon, a type of bedding) or '布巾 (ふきん)' (dishcloth).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4382

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rock, Lock

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ロック (rokku)' has two distinct meanings depending on the context. The first meaning is 'rock', referring to the music genre or the physical material. For example: I like rock music「私はロックが好きです」(わたしはロックがすきです). The second meaning is 'lock', referring to a device used to secure something. For example: The door has a lock「ドアにはロックがついている」(ドアにはロックがついている). It's important to note that the context in which 'ロック' is used will determine its meaning, as these two meanings are unrelated.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4383

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clothing

Reading

Kanji

衣Clothes 類Kind, Type

Explanation

The Japanese noun '衣類 (いるい)' refers to 'clothing' or 'garments'. It is a general term used to describe items of clothing collectively, such as shirts, pants, dresses, and other wearable items. This word is often used in contexts related to laundry, storage, or fashion. For example: I washed my clothing「衣類を洗った」(いるいをあらった). She has a lot of clothing「彼女は衣類をたくさん持っている」(かのじょはいるいをたくさんもっている). The word can also be used in formal or business contexts, such as in the clothing industry or when discussing clothing care.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4385

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clothing

Reading

Kanji

衣Clothes 服Obey, Clothing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '衣服 (いふく)' refers to 'clothing' or 'garments'. It is a general term used to describe items worn on the body, such as shirts, pants, dresses, etc. This word is often used in formal or written contexts, but can also be used in everyday conversation. For example: I bought new clothing「新しい衣服を買いました」(あたらしいいふくをかいました). This store sells high-quality clothing「この店は高品質の衣服を売っています」(このみせはこうひんしつのいふくをうっています). The word '衣服' can also be used in more specific contexts, such as traditional Japanese clothing like kimono or yukata.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4386

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Necessities

Reading

Kanji

衣Clothes 食Eat, Food 住Live

Explanation

The Japanese noun '衣食住 (いしょくじゅう)' refers to the basic necessities of life: clothing (衣), food (食), and shelter (住). It is often used to discuss the fundamental aspects of living or to emphasize the importance of these basic needs. For example: The government must ensure the necessities of life for its citizens「政府は国民の衣食住を確保しなければならない」(せいふはこくみんのいしょくじゅうをかくほしなければならない). In modern society, the concept of '衣食住' has expanded to include other essentials like healthcare and education. This term is deeply rooted in Japanese culture and reflects the importance of simplicity and practicality in daily life.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4387

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Coffee

Reading

Kanji

喫Ingest, Consume 茶Tea

Explanation

The Japanese noun '喫茶 (きっさ)' refers to 'coffee' or the act of drinking tea, but it is most commonly associated with coffee shops or cafes in Japan. The term is often used in the context of '喫茶店 (きっさてん)', which means 'coffee shop' or 'cafe'. These establishments are popular spots for enjoying coffee, light meals, and desserts. Example sentences: Let's go to a coffee shop「喫茶店に行きましょう」(きっさてんにいきましょう). This coffee is delicious「この喫茶は美味しい」(このきっさはおいしい). Note that while '喫茶' can refer to tea, in modern usage it is more commonly associated with coffee.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4390

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Line, Row

Reading

Kanji

並Line, Row

Explanation

The Japanese noun '並び (ならび)' refers to a 'line' or 'row' of things or people arranged in an orderly manner. It can be used to describe physical arrangements, such as a line of trees or a row of seats, as well as abstract sequences, like a series of events. For example: a line of trees「木の並び」(きのならび). A row of houses「家の並び」(いえのならび). The word can also imply a sense of order or sequence, as in 'the order of events'「事件の並び」(じけんのならび).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4391

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Transfer

Reading

Kanji

振Shake, Swing 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese noun '振り込み (ふりこみ)' refers to the act of transferring money, typically from one bank account to another. It is commonly used in contexts involving financial transactions, such as paying bills, sending money to someone, or making payments. For example: I made a bank transfer「銀行振り込みをしました」(ぎんこうふりこみをしました). Please make a transfer by tomorrow「明日までに振り込みをお願いします」(あしたまでにふりこみをおねがいします). This term is often used in formal or business settings and is essential for discussing financial matters in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4392

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kana usage

Reading

Kanji

仮Temporary 名Name 遣Use, Dispatch

Explanation

The Japanese noun '仮名遣い (かなづかい)' refers to the rules or conventions for using kana (the Japanese syllabaries, hiragana and katakana) in writing. It specifically deals with how kana are used to represent sounds and words in the Japanese language. Historically, there have been different systems of kana usage, such as historical kana usage (歴史的仮名遣い, れきしてきかなづかい) and modern kana usage (現代仮名遣い, げんだいかなづかい). Example sentences: Correct kana usage is important「正しい仮名遣いが大切です」(ただしいかなづかいがたいせつです). Learning historical kana usage is difficult「歴史的仮名遣いを学ぶのは難しい」(れきしてきかなづかいをまなぶのはむずかしい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4394

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Money

Reading

Kanji

金Gold 銭Money, Coin

Explanation

The Japanese noun '金銭 (きんせん)' refers to 'money' in a general sense, often emphasizing its tangible or financial aspect. It is commonly used in formal or legal contexts to discuss financial matters, transactions, or wealth. For example: money is important in life「金銭は人生で重要です」(きんせんはじんせいでじゅうようです). He lost all his money「彼は金銭をすべて失った」(かれはきんせんをすべてうしなった). The word can also carry a slightly formal or serious tone, distinguishing it from more casual terms like 'お金 (おかね)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4396

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relative

Reading

Kanji

親Parent 戚Grieve, Relatives

Explanation

The Japanese noun '親戚 (しんせき)' refers to a 'relative' or 'family member'. It is used to describe someone who is related by blood or marriage, such as aunts, uncles, cousins, or in-laws. This term is broader than '家族 (かぞく)', which specifically refers to immediate family members like parents, siblings, or children. For example: I visited my relatives「親戚を訪ねた」(しんせきをたずねた). She has many relatives「彼女は親戚が多い」(かのじょはしんせきがおおい). The word can also be used in formal or casual contexts, depending on the situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4397

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Parting

Reading

Kanji

別Separate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '別れ (わかれ)' means 'parting' or 'separation'. It refers to the act of saying goodbye or the state of being separated from someone or something. This word is often used in emotional contexts, such as farewells, breakups, or the end of a relationship. For example: a sad parting「悲しい別れ」(かなしいわかれ). We said our goodbyes at the station「私たちは駅で別れを告げた」(わたしたちはえきでわかれをつげた). It can also be used in a broader sense, such as the separation of paths or directions. For example: at the parting of the roads「道の別れで」(みちのわかれで).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4398

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Advancement

Reading

Kanji

先Before, Previous 進Advance

Explanation

The Japanese noun '先進 (せんしん)' refers to 'advancement' or being 'advanced'. It is often used to describe progress, development, or the state of being ahead in a particular field, such as technology, science, or society. For example: Japan is known for its technological advancement「日本は技術の先進で知られている」(にほんはぎじゅつのせんしんでしられている). The country is at the forefront of medical advancement「その国は医療の先進に立っている」(そのくにはいりょうのせんしんにたっている). This term is commonly used in formal or technical contexts to highlight progress or leadership in a specific area.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4401

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Celebration

Reading

Kanji

祝Celebrate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '祝い (いわい)' means 'celebration'. It refers to an event or occasion where people gather to commemorate or honor something, such as a birthday, wedding, or achievement. This word is often used in formal or festive contexts. For example: We held a celebration for his promotion「彼の昇進の祝いをしました」(かれのしょうしんのいわいをしました). The wedding celebration was beautiful「結婚の祝いは美しかった」(けっこんのいわいはうつくしかった). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '誕生日祝い (たんじょうびいわい)' (birthday celebration).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4405

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Theater

Reading

Kanji

演Perform 劇Drama

Explanation

The Japanese noun '演劇 (えんげき)' refers to 'theater' or 'drama' as a performing art. It encompasses plays, stage performances, and theatrical productions. This term is used to describe both the art form itself and the performances. For example: I enjoy watching theater「私は演劇を見るのが好きです」(わたしはえんげきをみるのがすきです). She is studying theater at university「彼女は大学で演劇を勉強しています」(かのじょはだいがくでえんげきをべんきょうしています). The word can also refer to the broader concept of dramatic arts, including acting, directing, and stagecraft.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4407

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Comedy

Reading

Kanji

喜Rejoice 劇Drama

Explanation

The Japanese noun '喜劇 (きげき)' means 'comedy'. It refers to a genre of entertainment, such as plays, movies, or performances, that is intended to make people laugh. It is often used in contrast to '悲劇 (ひげき)' (tragedy). For example: I enjoy watching comedies「私は喜劇を見るのが好きです」(わたしはきげきをみるのがすきです). This play is a comedy「この劇は喜劇です」(このげきはきげきです). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe situations that are amusing or absurd.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4408

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Small size

Reading

Kanji

小Small 型Model, Type

Explanation

The Japanese noun '小型 (こがた)' refers to something being of a small size or compact form. It is commonly used to describe objects, devices, or machinery that are designed to be smaller than the standard size. For example: This is a small-sized car「これは小型の車です」(これはこがたのくるまです). The company produces small-sized appliances「その会社は小型の家電を製造しています」(そのかいしゃはこがたのかでんをせいぞうしています). The term emphasizes the compactness or portability of the item in question.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4410

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pursuit

Reading

Kanji

追Follow 求Request, Seek

Explanation

The Japanese noun '追求 (ついきゅう)' means 'pursuit'. It refers to the act of striving to achieve or obtain something, often with great effort or determination. This word is commonly used in contexts related to goals, ideals, or objectives. For example: the pursuit of happiness「幸福の追求」(こうふくのついきゅう). He is in pursuit of his dreams「彼は夢の追求をしている」(かれはゆめのついきゅうをしている). The word can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as the pursuit of knowledge「知識の追求」(ちしきのついきゅう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4411

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Principal

Reading

Kanji

校School 長Long, Leader

Explanation

The Japanese noun '校長 (こうちょう)' refers to the 'principal' of a school. This term is specifically used to denote the head or chief administrator of an educational institution, such as an elementary, middle, or high school. For example: The principal gave a speech「校長がスピーチをした」(こうちょうがすぴーちをした). Our school's principal is very kind「私たちの学校の校長はとても親切です」(わたしたちのがっこうのこうちょうはとてもしんせつです). The word is commonly used in formal contexts and is a key role in the Japanese education system.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4414

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dead

Reading

Kanji

死Death 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '死者 (ししゃ)' refers to a deceased person or the dead. It is used to describe someone who has passed away. This term is often used in formal or serious contexts, such as in news reports, legal documents, or discussions about tragedies. For example: The number of dead increased「死者の数が増えた」(ししゃのかずがふえた). The dead were mourned by their families「死者は家族に悼まれた」(ししゃはかぞくにいたまれた). It is important to note that '死者' is a neutral term and does not carry any particular emotional connotation, but it is generally used in respectful contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4415

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Performance

Reading

Kanji

性Gender, Sex 能Ability

Explanation

The Japanese noun '性能 (せいのう)' refers to the performance, capability, or efficiency of a machine, device, or system. It is commonly used in technical or mechanical contexts to describe how well something functions. For example: This car has excellent performance「この車は性能が優れている」(このくるまはせいのうがすぐれている). The performance of this computer is impressive「このコンピュータの性能は素晴らしい」(このコンピュータのせいのうはすばらしい). It can also be used in broader contexts, such as evaluating the performance of a product or system.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4416

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rule

Reading

Kanji

統Unite 治Cure, Reign

Explanation

The Japanese noun '統治 (とうち)' refers to the act or process of governing or ruling over a country, region, or group of people. It is often used in political or historical contexts to describe the administration or control exercised by a government or ruler. For example: The king's rule was just「王の統治は公正だった」(おうのとうちはこうせいだった). The new government aims for stable rule「新しい政府は安定した統治を目指す」(あたらしいせいふはあんていしたとうちをめざす). This term can also imply a sense of authority and control over a population or territory.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4417

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Etiquette

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'エチケット (echiketto)' is a loanword derived from the French word 'étiquette', meaning 'etiquette'. It refers to the customary code of polite behavior in society or among members of a particular profession or group. This term is often used in contexts related to manners, social norms, and proper conduct. For example: Good etiquette is important in business meetings「ビジネスミーティングではエチケットが大切です」(ビジネスミーティングではエチケットがたいせつです). She always follows proper etiquette「彼女はいつも正しいエチケットを守ります」(かのじょはいつもただしいエチケットをまもります). The word is commonly used in formal or semi-formal settings to emphasize the importance of behaving appropriately.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4423

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Phrase

Reading

Kanji

句Phrase, Paragraph

Explanation

The Japanese noun '句 (く)' refers to a 'phrase' or a short group of words. It is commonly used in contexts related to poetry, literature, or grammar. For example, in haiku, a '句' is one of the three lines that make up the poem. It can also refer to idiomatic expressions or fixed phrases. Example sentences: This phrase is beautiful「この句は美しい」(このくはうつくしい). He wrote a haiku with three phrases「彼は三つの句で俳句を書いた」(かれはみっつのくではいくをかいた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4425

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Digital

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'デジタル (でじたる)' means 'digital'. It refers to technology, devices, or systems that operate using binary data or electronic signals, as opposed to analog. This term is commonly used in contexts related to electronics, media, and modern technology. For example: This is a digital camera「これはデジタルカメラです」(これはでじたるかめらです). Digital technology is advancing rapidly「デジタル技術は急速に進歩している」(でじたるぎじゅつはきゅうそくにしんぽしている). The word is often used as a prefix or modifier, such as in 'デジタル時計 (でじたるとけい)' (digital clock).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4426

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ability

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese noun '実力 (じつりょく)' refers to one's true ability, skill, or capability. It emphasizes actual competence rather than superficial or theoretical knowledge. This word is often used in contexts like education, work, or sports to describe someone's genuine talent or performance. For example: He has the ability to succeed「彼は実力がある」(かれはじつりょくがある). Her ability is recognized by everyone「彼女の実力は皆に認められている」(かのじょのじつりょくはみんなにみとめられている). It can also refer to the actual power or strength of a person, group, or entity, such as in '実力行使 (じつりょくこうし) (use of force)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4430

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tag

Reading

Kanji

札Tag, Bill

Explanation

The Japanese noun '札 (ふだ)' primarily refers to a 'tag' or 'label'. It is commonly used to describe small pieces of paper, wood, or other materials that are attached to objects to provide information, such as price tags, name tags, or labels. For example: The price tag is on the shirt「シャツに札がついている」(シャツにふだがついている). Please write your name on the name tag「名札に名前を書いてください」(なふだになまえをかいてください). Additionally, '札' can also refer to paper money or bills, but this usage is less common in everyday conversation and more specific to contexts involving currency.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4431

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pervert

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'エッチ (etchi)' is a colloquial term that refers to 'sex' or sexual activities. It is derived from the English letter 'H', which stands for 'hentai' (pervert) in this context. The term is often used in a casual or playful manner among friends, but it can be considered vulgar or inappropriate in formal settings. Example sentences: Let's talk about sex「エッチの話をしよう」(えっちのはなしをしよう). He is always making dirty jokes「彼はいつもエッチな冗談を言う」(かれはいつもえっちなじょうだんをいう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4436

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Play, Act

Reading

Kanji

芝Lawn, Turf 居Reside, Be

Explanation

The Japanese noun '芝居 (しばい)' primarily refers to a theatrical play or drama performed on stage. It can also mean 'acting' or 'pretending' in a broader sense, often used to describe someone's behavior when they are putting on an act or being insincere. For example: I watched a play at the theater「劇場で芝居を見た」(げきじょうでしばいをみた). He's just putting on an act「彼はただ芝居をしている」(かれはただしばいをしている). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe situations where someone is being dramatic or exaggerating their emotions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4439

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Adjective

Reading

Kanji

形Shape 容Contain, Looks 詞Poetry, Words

Explanation

The Japanese noun '形容詞 (けいようし)' refers to 'adjective' in English. It is a part of speech that describes or modifies a noun, providing additional information about its qualities or states. In Japanese grammar, 形容詞 specifically refers to i-adjectives, which are a distinct category of adjectives that end in 'い' in their dictionary form. For example: This is a beautiful flower「これは美しい花です」(これはうつくしいはなです). The weather is cold today「今日は寒いです」(きょうはさむいです). Understanding 形容詞 is crucial for constructing descriptive sentences in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4442

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recognition, Cognition

Reading

Kanji

認Recognize, Admit 知Know

Explanation

The Japanese noun '認知 (にんち)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'recognition', which refers to the acknowledgment or acceptance of something as true or valid. For example: The government's recognition of the new policy was swift「政府の新しい政策に対する認知は迅速だった」(せいふのあたらしいせいさくにたいするにんちはじんそくだった). The second meaning is 'cognition', which refers to the mental processes involved in gaining knowledge and understanding. For example: Cognitive abilities decline with age「認知能力は年齢とともに低下する」(にんちのうりょくはねんれいとともにていかする). It's important to note that '認知' is often used in formal or academic contexts, and the specific meaning can usually be inferred from the context in which it is used.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4444

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Concentration

Reading

Kanji

濃Thick 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese noun '濃度 (のうど)' refers to the 'concentration' of a substance, such as the density or strength of a solution, mixture, or chemical. It is commonly used in scientific, technical, or everyday contexts to describe how much of a particular substance is present in a given volume or area. For example: the concentration of salt in the water is high「水の中の塩の濃度が高い」(みずのなかのしおののうどがたかい). This juice has a low sugar concentration「このジュースは糖分の濃度が低い」(このジュースはとうぶんののうどがひくい). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe the intensity or density of abstract concepts, such as emotions or ideas.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4445

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Counter

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'カウンター (kauntaa)' refers to a 'counter', which can mean either a physical counter (like in a store or kitchen) or a counter in the sense of a device or mechanism that counts something. In a store or bar, it refers to the flat surface where transactions or services are conducted. For example: Please sit at the counter「カウンターに座ってください」(かうんたーにすわってください). The counter shows the number of visitors「カウンターは訪問者数を表示しています」(かうんたーはほうもんしゃすうをひょうじしています). The word is borrowed from English and is widely used in Japanese with the same meanings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4453

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Text

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'テキスト (tekisuto)' refers to 'text'. It is commonly used to describe written or printed material, such as books, articles, or digital content. This word is often used in educational contexts to refer to textbooks or study materials. For example: Please read the text「テキストを読んでください」(てきすとをよんでください). The text is very interesting「そのテキストはとても面白いです」(そのてきすとはとてもおもしろいです). It can also refer to text messages or digital text in modern contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4454

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Healthcare

Reading

Kanji

保Preserve 健Healthy

Explanation

The Japanese noun '保健 (ほけん)' refers to 'healthcare' or 'health preservation'. It is commonly used in contexts related to public health, medical care, and health maintenance. For example, '保健所 (ほけんじょ)' refers to a public health center, and '保健体育 (ほけんたいいく)' refers to health and physical education. Example sentences: The government provides healthcare services「政府は保健サービスを提供する」(せいふはほけんサービスをていきょうする). Health education is important「保健教育は大切です」(ほけんきょういくはたいせつです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4455

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Engineer

Reading

Kanji

技Skill 師Master, Expert

Explanation

The Japanese noun '技師 (ぎし)' refers to an 'engineer', a professional who applies scientific and mathematical principles to design, develop, and maintain structures, machines, or systems. This term is often used in professional contexts and can refer to various types of engineers, such as civil engineers, mechanical engineers, or electrical engineers. For example: He is a civil engineer「彼は土木技師です」(かれはどぼくぎしです). The company hired a new engineer「会社は新しい技師を雇いました」(かいしゃはあたらしいぎしをやといました). Note that '技師' is a formal term and is typically used in professional or official settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4456

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

December

Reading

Kanji

師Master, Expert 走Run

Explanation

The Japanese noun '師走 (しわす)' refers to the month of December, the twelfth and final month of the year. The term is deeply rooted in Japanese culture and tradition, often associated with the busy end-of-year activities, such as preparing for the New Year. The word itself has an interesting etymology, with one theory suggesting that it comes from the idea of even Buddhist monks (師) running around (走る) busily during this month. Example sentences: December is a busy month「師走は忙しい月です」(しわすはいそがしいつきです). I will visit my family in December「師走に家族を訪ねます」(しわすにかぞくをたずねます).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4457

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bird

Reading

Kanji

小Small 鳥Bird

Explanation

The Japanese noun '小鳥 (ことり)' refers to a small bird, often a songbird or a bird kept as a pet. It is a compound of '小 (こ)', meaning 'small', and '鳥 (とり)', meaning 'bird'. This word is commonly used to describe small, delicate birds, and it carries a gentle, endearing connotation. Example sentences: I saw a small bird in the garden「庭で小鳥を見た」(にわでことりをみた). The small bird is singing「小鳥が鳴いている」(ことりがないている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4460

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Black person

Reading

Kanji

黒Black 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '黒人 (こくじん)' refers to a person of African descent or someone with dark skin. It is a neutral term used to describe race or ethnicity. However, it is important to use this term with sensitivity, as discussions about race can be culturally nuanced. For example: He is a black person「彼は黒人です」(かれはこくじんです). Many black people live in that city「その都市には多くの黒人が住んでいます」(そのとしにはおおくのこくじんがすんでいます). Note that while the term itself is not inherently offensive, context and tone matter greatly in its usage.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4461

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Singing

Reading

Kanji

歌Song 声Voice

Explanation

The Japanese noun '歌声 (うたごえ)' refers to the sound or voice of someone singing. It is often used to describe the act of singing or the quality of a person's singing voice. This word can be used in various contexts, such as appreciating someone's singing or describing the atmosphere created by singing. For example: Her singing is beautiful「彼女の歌声は美しい」(かのじょのうたごえはうつくしい). The sound of singing echoed through the hall「歌声がホールに響いた」(うたごえがホールにひびいた). Note that '歌声' specifically refers to the sound or voice of singing, not the act of singing itself, which would be '歌う (うたう)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4463

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fleet

Reading

Kanji

艦Warship 隊Squad

Explanation

The Japanese noun '艦隊 (かんたい)' refers to a 'fleet', specifically a group of ships, particularly warships, operating together under one command. This term is often used in military or naval contexts. For example: the fleet is approaching「艦隊が接近している」(かんたいがせっきんしている). The admiral commands the fleet「提督が艦隊を指揮する」(ていとくがかんたいをしきする). It can also be used metaphorically to describe a large group of vehicles or objects moving together, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4464

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drama

Reading

Kanji

劇Drama

Explanation

The Japanese noun '劇 (げき)' refers to 'drama' or 'theater'. It is commonly used to describe theatrical performances, plays, or dramatic works. This term can be applied to both traditional Japanese theater (like Kabuki or Noh) and modern theater. For example: I watched a drama「劇を見た」(げきをみた). This theater is famous for its dramas「この劇場は劇で有名だ」(このげきじょうはげきでゆうめいだ). The word can also be part of compound nouns, such as '演劇 (えんげき)' (theatrical performance) or '悲劇 (ひげき)' (tragedy).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4465

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Field

Reading

Kanji

野Field

Explanation

The Japanese noun '野 (の)' means 'field'. It refers to an open area of land, often used for agriculture or as a natural landscape. This word is commonly used in contexts related to nature, farming, or rural areas. For example: a field of flowers「花の野」(はなのの). The cows are grazing in the field「牛が野で草を食べている」(うしがのでくさをたべている). Note that '野' can also appear in compound words, such as '野原 (のはら)' (field or plain) or '野生 (やせい)' (wild).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4466

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Until now

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'これまで (koremade)' means 'until now' or 'up to this point'. It is used to refer to the period of time leading up to the present moment. This term can be used in various contexts to indicate the duration or extent of something that has been ongoing. For example: I have never seen such a thing until now「これまでこんなものを見たことがない」(これまでこんなものをみたことがない). Everything up to now has been a lie「これまで全てが嘘だった」(これまですべてがうそだった). It's important to note that 'これまで' often carries a nuance of finality or conclusion, suggesting that a change or new phase is about to begin.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4470

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soup

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'スープ (すーぷ)' means 'soup'. It refers to a liquid dish, typically made by boiling meat, fish, or vegetables in stock or water. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and is often associated with meals. For example: I like tomato soup「トマトスープが好きです」(とまとすーぷがすきです). This soup is hot「このスープは熱いです」(このすーぷはあついです). The word 'スープ' is borrowed from English and is widely understood in Japan, often used in both casual and formal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4473

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Signboard

Reading

Kanji

看Watch 板Board

Explanation

The Japanese noun '看板 (かんばん)' refers to a 'signboard' or 'sign', typically used to display information such as the name of a business, advertisements, or directions. It is commonly seen outside shops, restaurants, and other establishments. For example: The signboard is bright「看板が明るい」(かんばんがあかるい). The restaurant's signboard is easy to see「レストランの看板が見やすい」(レストランのかんばんがみやすい). Additionally, '看板' can metaphorically refer to something that represents or symbolizes a business or organization, such as a flagship product or service.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4479

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Publication

Reading

Kanji

刊Publish, Edition 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese noun '刊行 (かんこう)' refers to the act of publishing or releasing a written work, such as a book, magazine, or journal. It is often used in formal contexts to describe the process of making a work available to the public. For example: The publication of the new book is scheduled for next month「新しい本の刊行は来月に予定されています」(あたらしいほんのかんこうはらいげつによていされています). This magazine has been in publication for over 50 years「この雑誌は50年以上刊行されています」(このざっしはごじゅうねんいじょうかんこうされています). The word can also be used in compound terms like '刊行物 (かんこうぶつ)', which means 'publication' or 'printed matter'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4483

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Industry

Reading

Kanji

業Business 界World

Explanation

The Japanese noun '業界 (ぎょうかい)' refers to a specific industry or business sector. It is commonly used to describe a particular field of work or commerce, such as the entertainment industry, technology industry, or financial industry. For example: He works in the film industry「彼は映画業界で働いています」(かれはえいがぎょうかいではたらいています). The gaming industry is growing rapidly「ゲーム業界は急速に成長しています」(ゲームぎょうかいはきゅうそくにせいちょうしています). This term is often used in professional or business contexts to discuss trends, developments, or challenges within a specific sector.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4484

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Everywhere

Reading

Kanji

至Arrive, Climax 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '至る所 (いたるところ)' means 'everywhere'. It is used to describe a situation or condition that is present in all places or locations. This word is often used to emphasize the widespread nature of something. For example: There are flowers everywhere「至る所に花がある」(いたるところにはながある). Problems are everywhere「至る所に問題がある」(いたるところにもんだいがある). The word can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as 'everywhere in the world'「世界の至る所」(せかいのいたるところ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4486

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Finance

Reading

Kanji

財Wealth 務Duty, Task

Explanation

The Japanese noun '財務 (ざいむ)' refers to 'finance' or 'financial affairs'. It is commonly used in contexts related to the management of money, especially in corporate or governmental settings. For example: The company's finance department is very efficient「会社の財務部門は非常に効率的です」(かいしゃのざいむぶもんはひじょうにこうりつてきです). He is in charge of the financial affairs of the organization「彼は組織の財務を担当しています」(かれはそしきのざいむをたんとうしています). This term is often used in formal or business contexts to discuss financial management, budgeting, or accounting.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4489

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Meeting

Reading

Kanji

総General, Total 会Meet

Explanation

The Japanese noun '総会 (そうかい)' refers to a 'general meeting' or 'assembly', typically held by organizations, companies, or groups to discuss important matters, make decisions, or report on activities. It is often used in formal contexts, such as shareholder meetings or annual gatherings. For example: The annual meeting will be held next week「総会は来週開催されます」(そうかいはらいしゅうかいさいされます). We attended the general assembly「私たちは総会に出席しました」(わたしたちはそうかいにしゅっせきしました). This term emphasizes the collective and formal nature of the gathering.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4490

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clerk

Reading

Kanji

店Shop 員Member

Explanation

The Japanese noun '店員 (てんいん)' refers to a 'clerk' or 'shop assistant'. This term is used to describe someone who works in a store, assisting customers, handling transactions, and managing inventory. It is a common term in retail and service industries. For example: The clerk is friendly「店員は親切です」(てんいんはしんせつです). I asked the clerk for help「店員に助けを求めました」(てんいんにたすけをもとめました). The word is neutral and can be used in various contexts, such as in department stores, convenience stores, or specialty shops.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4491

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Consideration

Reading

Kanji

考Think, Consider 察Guess

Explanation

The Japanese noun '考察 (こうさつ)' means 'consideration' or 'examination'. It refers to the act of carefully thinking about or analyzing something, often in a formal or academic context. This word is commonly used in discussions, research, or when evaluating ideas. For example: careful consideration of the problem「問題の考察」(もんだいのこうさつ). The professor's examination of the theory was thorough「教授の理論の考察は徹底的だった」(きょうじゅのりろんのこうさつはてっていてきだった). Note that '考察' is often used in written or formal contexts rather than casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4498

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Space

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'スペース (supeesu)' means 'space'. It is a loanword from English and is used in various contexts to refer to physical space, outer space, or even blank space in writing or design. For example: there is no space in this room「このルームにはスペースがない」(このルームにはすぺーすがない). I need more space to write「もっと書くためのスペースが必要だ」(もっとかくためのすぺーすがひつようだ). It can also refer to outer space, as in 'space exploration'「スペース探査」(すぺーすたんさ). The word is versatile and widely understood in modern Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4499

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hardness

Reading

Kanji

硬Hard, Stiff

Explanation

The Japanese noun '硬さ (かたさ)' refers to the quality or state of being hard, firm, or rigid. It is often used to describe the physical property of materials, such as metals, rocks, or even food. For example: the hardness of this stone is remarkable「この石の硬さはすごい」(このいしのかたさはすごい). The hardness of the bread made it difficult to eat「パンの硬さで食べにくかった」(パンのかたさでたべにくかった). In some contexts, it can also metaphorically describe someone's stubbornness or inflexibility, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4501

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ant

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'あり (あり)' means 'ant'. This word refers to the small, social insect commonly found in nature. It is used in everyday conversation and can appear in various contexts, such as describing ants in the environment or using them metaphorically. For example: There are many ants in the garden「庭にありがたくさんいる」(にわにありがたくさんいる). The ant is carrying food「ありが食べ物を運んでいる」(ありがたべものをはこんでいる). The word 'あり' is straightforward and does not carry additional meanings or nuances beyond its literal definition.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4504

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Impression

Reading

Kanji

感Feeling, Sensation 想Concept

Explanation

The Japanese noun '感想 (かんそう)' refers to one's thoughts, impressions, or feelings about something, often after experiencing or observing it. It is commonly used in contexts like sharing opinions about a movie, book, or event. For example: What are your impressions of the movie?「映画の感想は？」(えいがのかんそうは？). I shared my thoughts about the trip「旅行の感想を話しました」(りょこうのかんそうをはなしました). This word is neutral and can be used in both formal and casual settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4508

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bookstore

Reading

Kanji

書Write 店Shop

Explanation

The Japanese noun '書店 (しょてん)' refers to a 'bookstore', a place where books are sold. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation when referring to a shop that specializes in selling books. It can be used in various contexts, such as asking for directions to a bookstore or discussing where to buy a specific book. For example: I bought this novel at the bookstore「この小説は書店で買いました」(このしょうせつはしょてんでかいました). There is a bookstore near the station「駅の近くに書店があります」(えきのちかくにしょてんがあります). The word '書店' is often used interchangeably with '本屋 (ほんや)', though '書店' can sound slightly more formal or literary.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4509

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Intake

Reading

Kanji

摂Take in, Vicarious 取Take

Explanation

The Japanese noun '摂取 (せっしゅ)' refers to the act of taking in or consuming something, often used in contexts related to nutrition, medicine, or substances. It can describe the intake of food, nutrients, or even information. For example: daily nutrient intake「毎日の栄養摂取」(まいにちのえいようせっしゅ). Excessive caffeine intake can be harmful「過剰なカフェイン摂取は有害です」(かじょうなカフェインせっしゅはゆうがいです). This word is commonly used in health-related discussions and scientific contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4510

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deposit

Reading

Kanji

入Enter 金Gold

Explanation

The Japanese noun '入金 (にゅうきん)' refers to a 'deposit' or the act of depositing money into an account. It is commonly used in financial contexts, such as banking, business transactions, or personal finance. For example: The deposit has been confirmed「入金が確認されました」(にゅうきんがかくにんされました). Please make a deposit by tomorrow「明日までに入金してください」(あしたまでににゅうきんしてください). This term is often used in formal or business settings and is essential for discussing payments, transfers, or financial records.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4511

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Naked

Reading

Kanji

裸Naked, Nude

Explanation

The Japanese noun '裸 (はだか)' means 'naked'. It refers to the state of being without clothing or covering. This word can be used literally to describe a person or object that is uncovered, or metaphorically to describe something that is exposed or stripped down to its essentials. For example: He was naked「彼は裸だった」(かれははだかだった). The truth was laid bare「真実が裸になった」(しんじつがはだかになった). The word can also be used in compound words, such as '裸足 (はだし)' (barefoot) or '裸眼 (らがん)' (naked eye).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4512

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plaza

Reading

Kanji

広Wide 場Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '広場 (ひろば)' refers to a 'plaza' or 'open square', typically a public space in a city or town where people can gather. It is often used to describe a large, open area that is surrounded by buildings or other structures. For example: Let's meet at the plaza「広場で会いましょう」(ひろばであいましょう). The children are playing in the plaza「子供たちは広場で遊んでいます」(こどもたちはひろばであそんでいます). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe a space for open discussion or exchange of ideas, such as in a 'forum' or 'public square' context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4513

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grape

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ブドウ (ぶどう)' refers to 'grape', the fruit. It is commonly used to describe the fruit itself, grape-related products, or grapevines. For example: I ate grapes「ブドウを食べた」(ぶどうをたべた). This wine is made from grapes「このワインはブドウから作られている」(このワインはぶどうからつくられている). The word is often used in contexts related to food, beverages, or agriculture. Note that 'ブドウ' is typically written in katakana, as it is a common noun for the fruit, but it can also be written in kanji as '葡萄' (ぶどう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4514

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chimney

Reading

Kanji

煙Smoke 突Stab, Dash

Explanation

The Japanese noun '煙突 (えんとつ)' refers to a 'chimney', which is a vertical structure that provides ventilation for smoke or gases from a fireplace, furnace, or stove. It is commonly used in the context of buildings, factories, or ships. For example: The smoke is coming out of the chimney「煙突から煙が出ている」(えんとつからけむりがでている). The factory has a tall chimney「その工場には高い煙突がある」(そのこうじょうにはたかいえんとつがある). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something resembling a chimney in shape or function.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4516

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Back channeling

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'あいづち' refers to the practice of backchanneling, which is the use of short verbal or non-verbal responses during a conversation to show that one is listening and engaged. In Japanese culture, 'あいづち' plays a crucial role in communication, as it helps to maintain the flow of conversation and shows respect and attentiveness to the speaker. Common examples of 'あいづち' include 'はい' (yes), 'ええ' (uh-huh), 'そうですね' (that's right), and nodding. For example: She nodded and said 'はい' to show she was listening「彼女は聞いていることを示すためにうなずいて『はい』と言った」(かのじょはきいていることをしめすためにうなずいて『はい』といった). During the meeting, he frequently used 'あいづち' to show he was paying attention「会議中、彼は注意を払っていることを示すために頻繁にあいづちを打った」(かいぎちゅう、かれはちゅういをはらっていることをしめすためにひんぱんにあいづちをうった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4517

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Self Defense Forces

Reading

Kanji

自Self 衛Protect, Defense 隊Squad

Explanation

The Japanese noun '自衛隊 (じえいたい)' refers to the 'Self-Defense Forces' of Japan, which is the country's military organization. Established after World War II, the Self-Defense Forces are primarily responsible for national defense and disaster relief operations. The term is often used in discussions about Japan's defense policies, international military cooperation, and domestic emergency responses. Example sentences: The Self-Defense Forces conducted a rescue operation「自衛隊が救助活動を行った」(じえいたいがきゅうじょかつどうをおこなった). He joined the Self-Defense Forces「彼は自衛隊に入隊した」(かれはじえいたいににゅうたいした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4518

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oil

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'オイル (oiru)' refers to 'oil'. This term is commonly used to describe various types of oil, including cooking oil, engine oil, and essential oils. It is a loanword from English, and its usage is quite straightforward. For example: I need to buy cooking oil「料理用のオイルを買う必要がある」(りょうりようのオイルをかうひつようがある). The car needs an oil change「車のオイル交換が必要だ」(くるまのオイルこうかんがひつようだ). The word is versatile and can be used in different contexts depending on the type of oil being referred to.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4519

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kind, Type

Reading

Kanji

類Kind, Type

Explanation

The Japanese noun '類い (たぐい)' refers to a 'kind' or 'type' of something, often used to categorize or group similar things together. It can also imply a comparison, suggesting that something is of the same kind or level as another. For example: This is a rare kind of flower「これは類い稀な花だ」(これはたぐいまれなはなだ). He is not of the same type as the others「彼は他の人とは類いが違う」(かれはほかのひととはたぐいがちがう). The word can carry a nuance of rarity or uniqueness when used in certain contexts, such as '類い稀 (たぐいまれ)', meaning 'rare' or 'uncommon'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4520

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clothing

Reading

Kanji

服Obey, Clothing 装Dress, Attire

Explanation

The Japanese noun '服装 (ふくそう)' refers to 'clothing' or 'attire'. It is used to describe the clothes someone is wearing, often in the context of their style, formality, or appropriateness for a situation. For example: Her clothing is stylish「彼女の服装はおしゃれだ」(かのじょのふくそうはおしゃれだ). The dress code requires formal clothing「ドレスコードは正式な服装を必要とします」(ドレスコードはせいしきなふくそうをひつようとします). This word is commonly used in discussions about fashion, events, or workplace attire.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4521

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tuberculosis

Reading

Kanji

結Tie, Bind 核Nucleus

Explanation

The Japanese noun '結核 (けっかく)' refers to 'tuberculosis', a serious infectious disease that primarily affects the lungs. It is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Historically, tuberculosis was a major cause of death worldwide, and it remains a significant health issue in many regions. In Japanese, this term is used in medical contexts and general discussions about health. For example: He was diagnosed with tuberculosis「彼は結核と診断された」(かれはけっかくとしんだんされた). Tuberculosis is a contagious disease「結核は伝染病です」(けっかくはでんせんびょうです). The word is often associated with public health campaigns and medical treatments.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4523

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pressure

Reading

Kanji

圧Pressure 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese noun '圧力 (あつりょく)' means 'pressure'. It refers to the physical force exerted on an object, as well as metaphorical pressure, such as social or psychological stress. For example: The pressure of the water is strong「水の圧力が強い」(みずのあつりょくがつよい). He felt pressure from his boss「彼は上司からの圧力を感じた」(かれはじょうしからのあつりょくをかんじた). This word is commonly used in both scientific contexts and everyday situations to describe various forms of pressure.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4526

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rubber

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ゴム (gomu)' refers to 'rubber', a material known for its elasticity and water resistance. It is commonly used in everyday items such as tires, erasers, and gloves. The word can also refer to rubber bands or condoms, depending on the context. For example: This eraser is made of rubber「この消しゴムはゴムでできている」(このけしゴムはゴムでできている). I need a rubber band「ゴムバンドが必要です」(ゴムバンドがひつようです). The word 'ゴム' is borrowed from the Dutch word 'gom', reflecting Japan's historical trade with the Netherlands.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4527

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shipping

Reading

Kanji

送Send 料Materials, Fee

Explanation

The Japanese noun '送料 (そうりょう)' refers to the cost or fee associated with shipping or delivering goods. It is commonly used in contexts related to online shopping, mail services, or logistics. For example: The shipping fee is 500 yen「送料は500円です」(そうりょうはごひゃくえんです). Free shipping on orders over 10,000 yen「1万円以上の注文は送料無料です」(いちまんえんいじょうのちゅうもんはそうりょうむりょうです). This term is essential when discussing e-commerce or sending packages, as it specifies the additional cost for delivery services.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4528

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Truck

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'トラック (とらっく)' means 'truck'. It refers to a large motor vehicle designed to transport goods or materials. This word is a loanword from English, and it is commonly used in everyday conversation and logistics contexts. For example: The truck is carrying heavy cargo「トラックが重い荷物を運んでいる」(とらっくがおもいにもつをはこんでいる). I saw a big truck on the highway「高速道路で大きなトラックを見た」(こうそくどうろでおおきなとらっくをみた). The word 'トラック' is often used in contexts related to transportation, delivery, and construction.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4529

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Firefighting

Reading

Kanji

消Extinguish 防Prevent, Defend

Explanation

The Japanese noun '消防 (しょうぼう)' refers to 'firefighting'. It encompasses the activities, services, and organizations dedicated to preventing and extinguishing fires. This term is often used in contexts related to emergency services, public safety, and disaster prevention. For example: The firefighting team arrived quickly「消防隊がすぐに到着した」(しょうぼうたいがすぐにとうちゃくした). Firefighting equipment is essential「消防設備は必要です」(しょうぼうせつびはひつようです). The term can also be part of compound words, such as '消防士 (しょうぼうし)' (firefighter) or '消防署 (しょうぼうしょ)' (fire station).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4534

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Diet

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ダイエット (daietto)' refers to a diet, specifically the practice of eating food in a regulated and supervised manner to decrease, maintain, or increase body weight. It is often used in the context of weight loss. The word is borrowed from English and retains a similar meaning. For example: I started a diet「ダイエットを始めた」(だいえっとをはじめた). She is on a diet to lose weight「彼女は体重を減らすためにダイエット中です」(かのじょはたいじゅうをへらすためにだいえっともちゅうです). The term can also imply a temporary change in eating habits rather than a permanent lifestyle change.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4538

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Likes and dislikes

Reading

Kanji

好Like, Fond 嫌Dislike

Explanation

The Japanese noun '好き嫌い (すききらい)' refers to one's preferences or aversions, specifically the things one likes or dislikes. It is often used to describe personal tastes, particularly in food, but can also apply to other areas such as hobbies, activities, or people. For example: he has strong likes and dislikes when it comes to food「彼は食べ物に関して好き嫌いが激しい」(かれはたべものにかんしてすききらいがはげしい). I don't have many likes or dislikes「私は好き嫌いが少ない」(わたしはすききらいがすくない). This term is commonly used in everyday conversation to discuss preferences.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4540

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Abandonment

Reading

Kanji

放Release 棄Abandon, Renounce

Explanation

The Japanese noun '放棄 (ほうき)' means 'abandonment'. It refers to the act of giving up or relinquishing something, such as rights, responsibilities, or possessions. This word is often used in legal, formal, or serious contexts. For example: the abandonment of property「財産の放棄」(ざいさんのほうき). The government announced the abandonment of the project「政府はそのプロジェクトの放棄を発表した」(せいふはそのプロジェクトのほうきをはっぴょうした). It can also be used in personal contexts, such as abandoning a dream「夢の放棄」(ゆめのほうき). Note that this word carries a formal tone and is not typically used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4541

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Whereabouts

Reading

Kanji

行Go 方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '行方 (ゆくえ)' means 'whereabouts'. It refers to the location or direction of a person or thing, often when their current location is unknown or uncertain. This word is commonly used in contexts involving missing persons, lost items, or uncertain futures. For example: His whereabouts are unknown「彼の行方はわからない」(かれのゆくえはわからない). The missing child's whereabouts are still a mystery「行方不明の子供の行方はまだ謎だ」(ゆくえふめいのこどものゆくえはまだなぞだ). Note that '行方' can also metaphorically refer to the future or direction of something, as in 'the future of the project is uncertain'「プロジェクトの行方は不透明だ」(ぷろじぇくとのゆくえはふとうめいだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4542

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flat

Reading

Kanji

平Flat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '平 (たいら)' means 'flat'. It is used to describe something that is level, even, or without bumps or curves. This word can refer to physical surfaces, such as a flat table or a flat piece of land, as well as abstract concepts like a calm or even state of mind. For example: the ground is flat「地面は平だ」(じめんはたいらだ). She has a calm and even personality「彼女は平な性格だ」(かのじょはたいらなせいかくだ). Note that '平' can also be used in compound words, such as '平らな道 (たいらなみち)' (flat road).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4545

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Acquaintance

Reading

Kanji

知Know 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '知人 (ちじん)' refers to someone you know, but not closely. It is used to describe a person you are familiar with, but who is not a close friend or family member. This term is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: I met an acquaintance at the station「知人に駅で会いました」(ちじんにえきであいました). She is an acquaintance from work「彼女は仕事の知人です」(かのじょはしごとのちじんです). The word is often used to distinguish between close relationships and more casual ones.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4546

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Install

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'インストール (insutouru)' means 'install'. This term is commonly used in the context of technology and software, referring to the process of setting up a program or application on a computer or device. For example: I need to install this software「このソフトウェアをインストールする必要があります」(このソフトウェアをインストールするひつようがあります). The installation is complete「インストールが完了しました」(インストールがかんりょうしました). It is important to note that this word is a loanword from English, and is written in katakana to reflect its foreign origin.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4549

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Day

Reading

Kanji

当Hit, Appropriate 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '当日 (とうじつ)' refers to 'the day in question' or 'the very day' of an event or occasion. It is commonly used to specify the exact day something is happening, such as a meeting, event, or appointment. For example: Please come on the day of the event「当日に来てください」(とうじつにきてください). The payment is due on the day「支払いは当日です」(しはらいはとうじつです). This word emphasizes the immediacy or relevance of the specific day being discussed.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4550

Composition

kanji

Handwriting