word

Meaning

Bear fruit

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth

Explanation

The Japanese verb '実る (みのる)' means 'to bear fruit' or 'to yield results'. It is often used to describe the process of plants producing fruit, but it can also be used metaphorically to describe efforts or plans coming to fruition. For example: the apple tree bore fruit「リンゴの木が実った」(りんごのきがみのった). His hard work finally bore fruit「彼の努力がついに実った」(かれのどりょくがついにみのった). This verb is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts, emphasizing the culmination of a process.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5966

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pass

Reading

Kanji

通Commute, Pass 過Exceed, Error

Explanation

The Japanese verb '通り過ぎる (とおりすぎる)' means 'to pass by' or 'to go past'. It is used to describe the action of moving past a certain point or location without stopping. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as passing by a place, a person, or even time. For example: The train passed by the station「電車が駅を通り過ぎた」(でんしゃがえきをとおりすぎた). Time passes by quickly「時間が通り過ぎるのが早い」(じかんがとおりすぎるのがはやい). The nuance of this verb often implies that the subject is moving beyond something without lingering or stopping.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5967

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Awaken

Reading

Kanji

覚Remember, Awake

Explanation

The Japanese verb '覚める (さめる)' primarily means 'to awaken' or 'to wake up'. It is used to describe the act of waking up from sleep, but it can also be used metaphorically to describe becoming aware of something or snapping out of a state of illusion or ignorance. For example: I woke up early「私は早く覚めた」(わたしははやくさめた). He finally woke up to the reality「彼はついに現実に覚めた」(かれはついにげんじつにさめた). This verb is often used in contexts where someone becomes conscious or aware, either literally or figuratively.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5976

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Roll

Reading

Kanji

転Revolve

Explanation

The Japanese verb '転がる (ころがる)' means 'to roll'. This verb is used to describe the action of an object moving by turning over and over on a surface. It can be used for both intentional and unintentional rolling. For example: the ball rolled down the hill「ボールが丘を転がった」(ぼーるがおかをころがった). He rolled on the floor laughing「彼は床の上で転がって笑った」(かれはゆかのうえでころがってわらった). Additionally, '転がる' can also be used metaphorically to describe something being readily available or easily found, as in 'opportunities are rolling around'「チャンスが転がっている」(ちゃんすがころがっている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5991

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stretch, Postpone

Reading

Kanji

延Prolong

Explanation

The Japanese verb '延びる (のびる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to stretch', which refers to something physically extending in length or time. For example: the rubber band stretches「ゴムが延びる」(ゴムがのびる). The second meaning is 'to postpone', indicating a delay or extension of time. For example: the meeting was postponed「会議が延びた」(かいぎがのびた). The verb is often used in contexts involving time, deadlines, or physical extension. Note that the kanji 延 can also imply a sense of prolongation or delay, which is reflected in its usage.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5992

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Supplement

Reading

Kanji

補Supplement

Explanation

The Japanese verb '補う (おぎなう)' means 'to supplement' or 'to compensate for something lacking'. It is used when adding something to make up for a deficiency or to fill in a gap. This verb can be applied in various contexts, such as financial, informational, or physical shortages. For example: We need to supplement the budget「予算を補う必要がある」(よさんをおぎなうひつようがある). She compensated for her lack of experience with enthusiasm「彼女は経験不足を熱意で補った」(かのじょはけいけんぶそくをねついでおぎなった). It is also commonly used in contexts where something is added to enhance or complete something else, such as in '知識を補う (ちしきをおぎなう) (to supplement knowledge)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6033

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hide

Reading

Kanji

潜Lurk, Submerge

Explanation

The Japanese verb '潜める (ひそめる)' means 'to hide' or 'to conceal'. It is often used to describe the act of hiding something physically or emotionally, such as hiding one's feelings or intentions. For example: she hid her anger「彼女は怒りを潜めた」(かのじょはいかりをひそめた). He concealed his presence「彼は姿を潜めた」(かれはすがたをひそめた). This verb can also imply a sense of secrecy or stealth, as in hiding something to avoid detection.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6034

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recover

Reading

Kanji

立Stand 直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese verb '立ち直る (たちなおる)' means 'to recover' or 'to bounce back'. It is used to describe the process of regaining one's composure, recovering from a setback, or returning to a normal state after experiencing difficulty or adversity. This verb is often used in contexts involving emotional, physical, or situational recovery. For example: He recovered from his illness「彼は病気から立ち直った」(かれはびょうきからたちなおった). She bounced back after the failure「彼女は失敗から立ち直った」(かのじょはしっぱいからたちなおった). The company recovered from the crisis「会社は危機から立ち直った」(かいしゃはききからたちなおった). The verb emphasizes resilience and the ability to overcome challenges.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6042

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Redo

Reading

Kanji

直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'やり直す (やりなおす)' means 'to redo' or 'to start over'. It is used when someone wants to do something again, often because the first attempt was unsatisfactory or incomplete. This verb can be applied to various contexts, such as work, studies, or personal projects. For example: I will redo my homework「宿題をやり直します」(しゅくだいをやりなおします). Let's start over from the beginning「最初からやり直しましょう」(さいしょからやりなおしましょう). The verb emphasizes the act of doing something again to achieve a better result.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6044

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bestow

Reading

Kanji

給Supply, Salary

Explanation

The Japanese verb '給う (たまう)' is a classical and respectful term meaning 'to bestow' or 'to grant'. It is often used in formal or archaic contexts, particularly in historical or literary settings, to indicate that someone of higher status is granting something to someone of lower status. For example: The emperor bestowed a title upon him「天皇が彼に称号を給う」(てんのうがかれにしょうごうをたまう). This verb is rarely used in modern conversational Japanese but may appear in traditional ceremonies, historical dramas, or literature. It carries a sense of reverence and formality.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6051

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Blame

Reading

Kanji

責Blame, Liability

Explanation

The Japanese verb '責める (せめる)' means 'to blame' or 'to criticize'. It is used when someone holds another person responsible for a mistake, fault, or wrongdoing. This verb can also carry a nuance of reproach or scolding, often implying a moral or emotional weight. For example: He blamed me for the failure「彼は私を失敗のせいに責めた」(かれはわたしをしっぱいのせいにせめた). She criticized him harshly「彼女は彼を厳しく責めた」(かのじょはかれをきびしくせめた). Note that this verb is often used in contexts where there is a sense of guilt or responsibility involved.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6063

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bend, Break

Reading

Kanji

折Bend, Fold

Explanation

The Japanese verb '折れる (おれる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to break', typically referring to something snapping or breaking off, such as a branch or a bone. For example: the branch broke「枝が折れた」(えだがおれた). The second meaning is 'to bend', often implying flexibility or yielding, such as bending under pressure or bending one's will. For example: he bent under the pressure「彼はプレッシャーに折れた」(かれはぷれっしゃーにおれた). This verb can also be used metaphorically, such as yielding in an argument or compromising. For example: she finally gave in「彼女はついに折れた」(かのじょはついにおれた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6080

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Praise

Reading

Kanji

称Appellation

Explanation

The Japanese verb '称える (たたえる)' means 'to praise' or 'to extol'. It is used to express admiration or high regard for someone's achievements, qualities, or actions. This verb often carries a formal or respectful tone and is commonly used in contexts such as ceremonies, speeches, or written commendations. For example: The teacher praised the student's hard work「先生は生徒の努力を称えた」(せんせいはせいとのどりょくをたたえた). The nation praised the hero's bravery「国は英雄の勇気を称えた」(くにはえいゆうのゆうきをたたえた). Note that '称える' can also imply a sense of honoring or celebrating someone's contributions.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6081

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mistake, Fail to recognize

Reading

Kanji

見See 違Differ, Different

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見違える (みちがえる)' means 'to mistake' or 'to fail to recognize'. It is used when someone does not recognize or misidentifies something or someone, often due to a significant change in appearance or context. For example: I mistook him for someone else「彼を見違えた」(かれをみちがえた). She failed to recognize her old friend「彼女は昔の友達を見違えた」(かのじょはむかしのともだちをみちがえた). This verb is often used in situations where the change is so drastic that it leads to confusion or misidentification.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6085

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Insert

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'はめる (はめる)' primarily means 'to insert' or 'to fit something into something else'. It is often used when placing an object into a space or slot where it belongs, such as inserting a key into a lock or fitting a puzzle piece into place. For example: insert the key into the lock「鍵をはめてください」(かぎをはめてください). She fitted the ring onto her finger「彼女は指輪をはめた」(かのじょはゆびわをはめた). Additionally, 'はめる' can also imply a sense of fitting something snugly or securely, as in fitting a lid onto a container. This verb is commonly used in both literal and metaphorical contexts, such as fitting into a role or situation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

6086

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Imitate

Reading

Kanji

似Resemble

Explanation

The Japanese verb '似せる (にせる)' means 'to imitate' or 'to make something resemble something else'. It is often used when someone intentionally makes one thing look or act like another. For example: She imitated her teacher's voice「彼女は先生の声に似せた」(かのじょはせんせいのこえににせた). He made the painting resemble a famous artwork「彼はその絵を有名な芸術作品に似せた」(かれはそのえをゆうめいなげいじゅつさくひんににせた). This verb can also be used in contexts where something is designed or altered to mimic another thing, such as in fashion, art, or behavior.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6087

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soften

Reading

Kanji

和Peace

Explanation

The Japanese verb '和らげる (やわらげる)' means 'to soften' or 'to alleviate'. It is used to describe the act of making something less severe, intense, or harsh. This can apply to physical sensations, emotions, or situations. For example: The medicine alleviated the pain「薬が痛みを和らげた」(くすりがいたみをやわらげた). She tried to soften his anger「彼女は彼の怒りを和らげようとした」(かのじょはかれのいかりをやわらげようとした). The word can also be used in contexts like softening the tone of a conversation or easing tension in a situation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6096

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soften

Reading

Kanji

和Peace

Explanation

The Japanese verb '和らぐ (やわらぐ)' means 'to soften' or 'to become mild'. It is often used to describe a situation, feeling, or condition that becomes less intense or severe. For example: the pain has softened「痛みが和らいだ」(いたみがやわらいだ). The tension in the room softened「部屋の緊張が和らいだ」(へやのきんちょうがやわらいだ). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe emotions or atmospheres becoming more relaxed or gentle.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6106

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Input, Devote

Reading

Kanji

打Hit 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '打ち込む (うちこむ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to devote oneself to something', often used when someone is deeply engaged in an activity or passionate about a pursuit. For example: He devoted himself to studying「彼は勉強に打ち込んだ」(かれはべんきょうにうちこんだ). The second meaning is 'to input data', commonly used in the context of typing or entering information into a computer or system. For example: Please input the data「データを打ち込んでください」(データをうちこんでください). The verb can also imply a sense of intensity or focus, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6118

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Break, Fold

Reading

Kanji

折Bend, Fold

Explanation

The Japanese verb '折る (おる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to break', often used when something snaps or is physically broken, such as a branch or a bone. For example: I broke a branch「枝を折った」(えだをおった). The second meaning is 'to fold', used when bending something, like paper or fabric, to create a crease. For example: She folded the paper「彼女は紙を折った」(かのじょはかみをおった). The context usually clarifies which meaning is intended. Note that this verb is transitive and requires an object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6119

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Meet

Reading

Kanji

知Know 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verb '知り合う (しりあう)' means 'to meet' or 'to get to know someone'. It is used when two or more people become acquainted with each other, often implying the beginning of a relationship or friendship. This verb is commonly used in social contexts and can refer to both casual and formal introductions. For example: I met him at a party「彼とはパーティーで知り合った」(かれとはパーティーでしりあった). We got to know each other through work「私たちは仕事で知り合いました」(わたしたちはしごとでしりあいました). The verb can also be used to describe the process of becoming familiar with someone over time.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6120

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Encourage

Reading

Kanji

励Strive, Encourage

Explanation

The Japanese verb '励ます (はげます)' means 'to encourage'. It is used when someone is trying to cheer up or motivate another person, often in situations where the person is feeling down or facing difficulties. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as encouraging a friend, a colleague, or even oneself. For example: I encouraged my friend to keep trying「友達を励まして続けるように言った」(ともだちをはげましてつづけるようにいった). The teacher encouraged the students before the exam「先生は試験前に生徒を励ました」(せんせいはしけんまえにせいとをはげました). It's important to note that this verb often implies emotional support and motivation, rather than just giving advice or instructions.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6121

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lift

Reading

Kanji

持Hold 上Up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '持ち上げる (もちあげる)' means 'to lift' or 'to raise something up'. It is commonly used when physically picking up or elevating an object. For example: He lifted the box「彼は箱を持ち上げた」(かれははこをもちあげた). The crane lifted the heavy load「クレーンが重い荷物を持ち上げた」(クレーンがおもいにものをもちあげた). Additionally, '持ち上げる' can be used metaphorically to describe elevating someone's status or praising them excessively, as in: The media lifted him up as a hero「メディアは彼を英雄として持ち上げた」(メディアはかれをえいゆうとしてもちあげた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6122

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hide

Reading

Kanji

潜Lurk, Submerge

Explanation

The Japanese verb '潜む (ひそむ)' means 'to hide' or 'to lurk'. It is often used to describe something or someone that is concealed or not easily visible, either physically or metaphorically. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as describing animals hiding in the wild, people hiding their emotions, or dangers lurking unseen. For example: A snake hides in the grass「蛇が草の中に潜む」(へびがくさのなかにひそむ). Suspicion lurks in his heart「疑いが彼の心に潜む」(うたがいがかれのこころにひそむ). The verb can also imply a sense of secrecy or something being hidden beneath the surface.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6143

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tower

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'そびえる (sobieru)' means 'to tower' or 'to rise high'. It is used to describe something that stands tall and prominent, often in a majestic or imposing manner. This verb is typically used for natural features like mountains or large structures like buildings. For example: The mountain towers over the town「その山は町にそびえている」(そのやまはまちにそびえている). The skyscraper towers above the city「その高層ビルは街にそびえている」(そのこうそうビルはまちにそびえている). The verb conveys a sense of grandeur and dominance, often evoking awe or admiration.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

6160

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pluck, Pinch

Reading

Kanji

摘Pick, Pluck

Explanation

The Japanese verb '摘む (つまむ)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to pinch,' which refers to gripping something small between the thumb and fingers. For example: she pinched the leaf「彼女は葉を摘んだ」(かのじょははをつまんだ). The second meaning is 'to pluck,' which refers to picking or harvesting something, often used in the context of plants or flowers. For example: he plucked a flower「彼は花を摘んだ」(かれははなをつまんだ). The verb is commonly used in everyday situations, such as handling small objects or gathering produce. Note that the nuance of the action depends on the context, but it generally involves a precise, delicate action with the fingers.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6192

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Solidify, Harden

Reading

Kanji

固Hard

Explanation

The Japanese verb '固まる (かたまる)' primarily means 'to harden' or 'to solidify'. It is used to describe the process of something becoming physically solid or firm, such as concrete hardening or jelly setting. It can also be used metaphorically to describe situations or plans becoming fixed or settled. For example: The cement has hardened「セメントが固まった」(セメントがかたまった). Our plans have solidified「私たちの計画が固まった」(わたしたちのけいかくがかたまった). The verb can also imply a sense of stability or becoming unchangeable, as in opinions or relationships solidifying over time.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6201

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discuss

Reading

Kanji

論Theory, Argument

Explanation

The Japanese verb '論じる (ろんじる)' means 'to discuss' or 'to argue' in a formal or logical manner. It is often used in contexts where a topic is being analyzed, debated, or examined in detail, such as in academic, professional, or intellectual settings. For example: The professor discussed the theory「教授はその理論を論じた」(きょうじゅはそのりろんをろんじた). They argued about the future of the economy「彼らは経済の未来について論じた」(かれらはけいざいのみらいについてろんじた). This verb implies a structured or thoughtful approach to discussion, rather than casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6202

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recall

Reading

Kanji

思Think 浮Float

Explanation

The Japanese verb '思い浮かべる (おもいうかべる)' means 'to recall' or 'to bring to mind'. It is used when someone thinks of something or someone, often spontaneously or vividly. This verb is commonly used in contexts where memories, images, or ideas come to mind. For example: I recalled my childhood「私は子供時代を思い浮かべた」(わたしはこどもじだいをおもいうかべた). He recalled her smile「彼は彼女の笑顔を思い浮かべた」(かれはかのじょのえがおをおもいうかべた). The verb can also imply a sense of visualization or imagination, as in '思い浮かべる' often involves picturing something in one's mind.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6211

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tilt

Reading

Kanji

傾Incline, Lean

Explanation

The Japanese verb '傾げる (かしげる)' means 'to tilt' or 'to incline'. It is often used to describe the action of tilting one's head, typically to express confusion, curiosity, or thoughtfulness. For example: She tilted her head in confusion「彼女は首を傾げた」(かのじょはくびをかしげた). The vase tilted and fell「花瓶が傾げて倒れた」(かびんがかしげてたおれた). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe leaning or inclining towards an opinion or idea. For instance: He tilted towards the new proposal「彼は新しい提案に傾げた」(かれはあたらしいていあんにかしげた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6212

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Change

Reading

Kanji

転Revolve

Explanation

The Japanese verb '転ずる (てんずる)' means 'to change' or 'to shift'. It is often used to describe a transformation or transition from one state or condition to another. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as changing one's mind, shifting focus, or altering circumstances. For example: He changed his mind「彼は考えを転じた」(かれはかんがえをてんじた). The situation suddenly shifted「状況が急に転じた」(じょうきょうがきゅうにてんじた). Note that '転ずる' is a somewhat formal or literary verb, and in everyday conversation, simpler verbs like '変える (かえる)' or '変わる (かわる)' are more commonly used.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6229

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Excite

Reading

Kanji

盛Prosper 上Up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '盛り上がる (もりあがる)' primarily means 'to get excited' or 'to heat up'. It is often used to describe a situation, atmosphere, or mood becoming lively, enthusiastic, or intense. This verb can be applied to various contexts, such as parties, discussions, or events. For example: The party got really exciting「パーティーが盛り上がった」(ぱーてぃーがもりあがった). The discussion heated up「議論が盛り上がった」(ぎろんがもりあがった). It can also describe physical swelling or rising, such as dough rising「生地が盛り上がる」(きじがもりあがる). The nuance often implies a positive or energetic buildup.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6230

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Confess

Reading

Kanji

打Hit 明Bright

Explanation

The Japanese verb '打ち明ける (うちあける)' means 'to confess' or 'to reveal something honestly and openly'. It is often used when someone shares a secret, a personal feeling, or a hidden truth with another person. This verb carries a nuance of vulnerability and trust, as it implies opening up about something that was previously kept private. For example: She confessed her feelings to him「彼女は彼に気持ちを打ち明けた」(かのじょはかれにきもちをうちあけた). He revealed his secret to his friend「彼は友達に秘密を打ち明けた」(かれはともだちにひみつをうちあけた). The verb is commonly used in emotional or personal contexts, emphasizing sincerity and openness.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6243

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Combine

Reading

Kanji

組Association, Group 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verb '組み合わせる (くみあわせる)' means 'to combine' or 'to put together'. It is used when referring to the act of joining or mixing different elements, parts, or ideas to create something new or functional. This verb is often used in contexts like cooking, design, or problem-solving. For example: combine these ingredients「これらの材料を組み合わせてください」(これらのざいりょうをくみあわせてください). We combined our ideas to solve the problem「私たちは問題を解決するためにアイデアを組み合わせました」(わたしたちはもんだいをかいけつするためにアイデアをくみあわせました). Note that this verb can also imply a thoughtful or strategic combination, not just a random mix.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6244

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Serve, Pile

Reading

Kanji

盛Prosper

Explanation

The Japanese verb '盛る (もる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to serve' or 'to dish out', often used in the context of serving food. For example: The chef served rice「シェフがご飯を盛った」(シェフがごはんをもった). The second meaning is 'to pile up' or 'to heap', which can be used both literally and figuratively. For example: She piled up the books「彼女は本を盛った」(かのじょはほんをもった). The verb can also be used in compound verbs or idiomatic expressions, such as '盛り上がる (もりあがる)', which means 'to get excited' or 'to become lively'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6245

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Train

Reading

Kanji

鍛Forge, Train

Explanation

The Japanese verb '鍛える (きたえる)' primarily means 'to train' or 'to forge'. It is often used in the context of physical training, such as building strength or endurance, but can also refer to mental or skill-based training. For example: He trains his body every day「彼は毎日体を鍛える」(かれはまいにちからだをきたえる). She is training her mind through meditation「彼女は瞑想で心を鍛えている」(かのじょはめいそうでこころをきたえている). Additionally, '鍛える' can be used metaphorically to describe refining or honing a skill, such as '鍛える技術 (きたえるぎじゅつ)' (honing a skill).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6264

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rich

Reading

Kanji

富Wealth, Rich

Explanation

The Japanese verb '富む (とむ)' means 'to be rich' or 'to abound in'. It is used to describe a state of having an abundance of something, whether it be wealth, resources, or qualities. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as describing a person who is wealthy or a place that is rich in natural resources. For example: This country is rich in natural resources「この国は天然資源に富んでいる」(このくにはてんねんしげんにとんでいる). He is rich in experience「彼は経験に富んでいる」(かれはけいけんにとんでいる). Note that '富む' is often used with the particle 'に' to indicate what the subject is rich in.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6265

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Spread, Sow

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'まく (maku)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to sow' or 'to plant seeds', as in the act of scattering seeds in a field or garden. For example: The farmer sows seeds in the field「農夫が畑に種をまく」(のうふがはたけにたねをまく). The second meaning is 'to spread' or 'to scatter', which can refer to spreading something like salt, sand, or even rumors. For example: She spread salt on the icy road「彼女は凍った道に塩をまく」(かのじょはこおったみちにしおをまく). These two meanings are unrelated, so both are included as separate meanings. The verb is commonly used in both agricultural and everyday contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

6266

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hide, Lay

Reading

Kanji

伏Prostrated

Explanation

The Japanese verb '伏せる (ふせる)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to lay something down' or 'to place something face down'. For example: he laid the book face down「彼は本を伏せた」(かれはほんをふせた). The second meaning is 'to hide' or 'to conceal', often used in contexts where something is intentionally kept out of sight. For example: she hid her face in her hands「彼女は顔を手で伏せた」(かのじょはかおをてでふせた). This verb is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts, depending on the situation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6286

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Remove

Reading

Kanji

退Retreat

Explanation

The Japanese verb '退ける (のける)' means 'to remove' or 'to set aside'. It is often used to describe physically moving something out of the way or figuratively removing an obstacle or problem. For example: Please remove the box「箱を退けてください」(はこをのけてください). He set aside his doubts and moved forward「彼は疑念を退けて前に進んだ」(かれはぎねんをのけてまえにすすんだ). The verb can also imply a sense of decisiveness or determination in removing something. It is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6297

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Found

Reading

Kanji

見See 当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見当たる (みあたる)' means 'to be found' or 'to be located'. It is used when something is discovered or located after searching. This verb often implies that the object or person was being looked for and has now been found. For example: I found my keys「鍵が見当たる」(かぎがみあたる). The book was found in the library「その本は図書館に見当たる」(そのほんはとしょかんにみあたる). Note that this verb is often used in the context of searching for something that was previously lost or missing.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6298

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Adapt

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'なじむ (なじむ)' means 'to adapt' or 'to get used to'. It is used to describe the process of becoming accustomed to a new environment, situation, or group. This verb often implies a sense of blending in or fitting naturally into a new context. For example: He quickly adapted to the new school「彼は新しい学校にすぐになじんだ」(かれはあたらしいがっこうにすぐになじんだ). It takes time to adapt to a new culture「新しい文化になじむには時間がかかる」(あたらしいぶんかになじむにはじかんがかかる). The verb can also be used to describe how something feels natural or fits well, such as a new piece of furniture in a room.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

6307

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attack

Reading

Kanji

攻Attack, Aggression

Explanation

The Japanese verb '攻める (せめる)' means 'to attack'. This verb is used to describe the act of initiating an aggressive action against someone or something, often in the context of battle, sports, or competition. It can also be used metaphorically to describe taking an assertive approach in non-physical contexts. For example: the soldiers attacked the castle「兵士たちは城を攻めた」(へいしたちはしろをせめた). The team attacked the opponent's weak point「チームは相手の弱点を攻めた」(チームはあいてのじゃくてんをせめた). In some contexts, it can also imply a strategic or calculated approach to overcoming an obstacle or challenge.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6321

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Know, Exist

Reading

Kanji

存Exist, Suppose

Explanation

The Japanese verb '存じる (ぞんじる)' is a humble form of the verb '知る (しる)', meaning 'to know'. It is used in formal or polite contexts to show humility, often when referring to oneself. For example: I know that person「その方を存じています」(そのかたをぞんじています). Additionally, '存じる' can also mean 'to exist' in a very formal or archaic sense, though this usage is rare in modern Japanese. For example: The legend still exists「その伝説は今も存じる」(そのでんせつはいまもぞんじる). Note that the 'know' meaning is far more common in everyday usage.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6326

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Miss, Overlook

Reading

Kanji

見See 逃Escape

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見逃す (みのがす)' can mean either 'to miss' or 'to overlook' depending on the context. When used to mean 'to miss', it refers to failing to see or notice something, often due to inattention or bad timing. For example: I missed the train「電車を見逃した」(でんしゃをみのがした). When used to mean 'to overlook', it refers to deliberately or accidentally ignoring or failing to take action on something. For example: The teacher overlooked the student's mistake「先生は生徒のミスを見逃した」(せんせいはせいとのミスをみのがした). This verb is often used in situations where something important or noteworthy is not properly noticed or addressed.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6338

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inherit

Reading

Kanji

受Accept 継Succeed, Inherit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '受け継ぐ (うけつぐ)' means 'to inherit'. This verb is used when someone receives or takes over something from a predecessor, such as traditions, responsibilities, or property. It implies a continuation of something from one generation or person to another. For example: He inherited his father's business「彼は父の事業を受け継いだ」(かれはちちのじぎょうをうけついだ). We must inherit the traditions of our ancestors「私たちは先祖の伝統を受け継がなければならない」(わたしたちはせんぞのでんとうをうけつがなければならない). The verb can also be used in a broader sense to describe taking over roles or duties.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6354

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cool

Reading

Kanji

冷Cold

Explanation

The Japanese verb '冷やす (ひやす)' means 'to cool' or 'to chill'. It is used to describe the action of making something colder, often in a literal sense, such as cooling food or drinks. For example: I will cool the beer「ビールを冷やします」(びーるをひやします). Please chill the watermelon「スイカを冷やしてください」(すいかをひやしてください). This verb can also be used metaphorically, such as cooling down emotions or a situation. For instance: He cooled his anger「彼は怒りを冷やした」(かれはおこりをひやした). Note that '冷やす' is transitive and requires a direct object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6370

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Transfer

Reading

Kanji

振Shake, Swing 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '振り込む (ふりこむ)' means 'to transfer money' or 'to deposit funds into an account'. It is commonly used in financial contexts, such as when sending money to someone's bank account or paying bills. For example: I transferred the money to his account「彼の口座に振り込みました」(かれのこうざにふりこみました). Please transfer the payment by tomorrow「明日までに支払いを振り込んでください」(あしたまでにしはらいをふりこんでください). This verb is often used in formal or business settings and is essential for financial transactions in Japan.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6371

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Jump

Reading

Kanji

飛Fly 上Up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '飛び上がる (とびあがる)' means 'to jump up' or 'to leap up'. It is often used to describe a sudden, energetic upward movement, either physically or metaphorically. For example: The cat jumped up when it heard the noise「猫は音を聞いて飛び上がった」(ねこはおとをきいてとびあがった). He jumped up in surprise「彼は驚いて飛び上がった」(かれはおどろいてとびあがった). This verb can also be used to express excitement or shock, as in '飛び上がるほど嬉しい (とびあがるほどうれしい)' (so happy that one could jump for joy).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6373

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Jump down

Reading

Kanji

飛Fly 下Down

Explanation

The Japanese verb '飛び下りる (とびおりる)' means 'to jump down'. This verb is used to describe the action of jumping from a higher place to a lower place. It often implies a deliberate or sudden action, and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: he jumped down from the roof「彼は屋根から飛び下りた」(かれはやねからとびおりた). The bird jumped down from the tree「鳥は木から飛び下りた」(とりはきからとびおりた). In a figurative sense, it can be used to describe someone making a sudden decision or taking a bold action, such as quitting a job or leaving a situation abruptly.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6374

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Avoid

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'よける (よける)' means 'to avoid' or 'to dodge'. It is used to describe the action of moving out of the way of something, such as an obstacle, danger, or an unwanted situation. This verb can be used in both physical and metaphorical contexts. For example: He avoided the puddle「彼は水たまりをよけた」(かれはみずたまりをよけた). She dodged the question「彼女は質問をよけた」(かのじょはしつもんをよけた). The verb can also imply a deliberate action to steer clear of something, as in avoiding a collision or evading responsibility.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

6377

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clear

Reading

Kanji

晴Clear

Explanation

The Japanese verb '晴れる (はれる)' primarily means 'to clear up' or 'to become clear', most commonly used in reference to weather. It describes the transition from cloudy or rainy weather to clear skies. For example: The weather cleared up「天気が晴れた」(てんきがはれた). It can also be used metaphorically to describe a situation or mood improving, such as when worries or doubts are resolved. For example: My worries cleared up「心配が晴れた」(しんぱいがはれた). This verb is often used in its past tense form '晴れた (はれた)' to describe a change that has already occurred.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6388

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lose

Reading

Kanji

敗Defeat

Explanation

The Japanese verb '敗れる (やぶれる)' means 'to lose' in the context of a competition, battle, or contest. It is often used to describe defeat in sports, games, or conflicts. This verb carries a nuance of being defeated by an opponent rather than simply failing. For example: They lost the match「彼らは試合に敗れた」(かれらはしあいにやぶれた). The army was defeated in the battle「軍隊は戦いに敗れた」(ぐんたいはたたかいにやぶれた). Note that this verb is typically used in formal or serious contexts and is less common in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6392

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Translate

Reading

Kanji

訳Reason, Translation

Explanation

The Japanese verb '訳す (やくす)' means 'to translate'. It is used when converting text or speech from one language to another. This verb is commonly used in academic, professional, and everyday contexts. For example: I will translate this book「この本を訳します」(このほんをやくします). She translates Japanese into English「彼女は日本語を英語に訳す」(かのじょはにほんごをえいごにやくす). Note that '訳す' is often used with the particle 'を' to indicate the object being translated, as in '日本語を訳す (にほんごをやくす) (translate Japanese)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6404

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Survive

Reading

Kanji

生Life 残Remainder

Explanation

The Japanese verb '生き残る (いきのこる)' means 'to survive'. It is used to describe the act of remaining alive or continuing to exist after a difficult or dangerous situation. This verb often implies overcoming challenges or enduring hardships. For example: He survived the accident「彼は事故を生き残った」(かれはじこをいきのこった). Only a few species survived the ice age「わずかな種だけが氷河期を生き残った」(わずかなしゅだけがひょうがきをいきのこった). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe enduring in a competitive environment, such as in business or sports.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6413

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sharpen

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'とがる (togaru)' primarily means 'to sharpen' or 'to become sharp'. It is often used to describe objects that have a pointed or sharpened edge, such as knives or pencils. Additionally, it can be used metaphorically to describe someone's tone or attitude becoming sharp or pointed. For example: The pencil sharpened「鉛筆がとがった」(えんぴつがとがった). His tone sharpened「彼の口調がとがった」(かれのくちょうがとがった). This verb can also imply a sense of tension or alertness, as in 'Her senses sharpened'「彼女の感覚がとがった」(かのじょのかんかくがとがった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

6422

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Match, Come true

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'かなう (kanau)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to come true' or 'to be realized', often used in the context of wishes, dreams, or hopes. For example: my dream came true「私の夢がかなった」(わたしのゆめがかなった). The second meaning is 'to match' or 'to meet', used when something aligns with expectations, conditions, or standards. For example: this product matches my needs「この製品は私のニーズにかなう」(このせいひんはわたしのニーズにかなう). The verb can also imply suitability or compatibility in certain contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

6443

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Retreat

Reading

Kanji

退Retreat

Explanation

The Japanese verb '退く (しりぞく)' means 'to retreat' or 'to withdraw'. It is used to describe the action of moving back or away from a place, situation, or confrontation. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: The soldiers retreated from the battlefield「兵士たちは戦場から退いた」(へいしたちはせんじょうからしりぞいた). He withdrew from the argument to avoid further conflict「彼はさらなる衝突を避けるために議論から退いた」(かれはさらなるしょうとつをさけるためにぎろんからしりぞいた). The verb can also imply stepping down from a position or role, as in 'He stepped down from his position as manager'「彼はマネージャーの立場から退いた」(かれはマネージャーのたちばからしりぞいた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6457

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Face

Reading

Kanji

臨Face, Confront

Explanation

The Japanese verb '臨む (のぞむ)' primarily means 'to face' or 'to confront'. It is used to describe situations where one is directly facing or dealing with something, such as a challenge, an event, or a situation. It can also imply being present at or attending an important event. For example: He faced the challenge bravely「彼はその挑戦に臨んだ」(かれはそのちょうせんにのぞんだ). We will attend the meeting「私たちはその会議に臨む」(わたしたちはそのかいぎにのぞむ). The verb can also carry a nuance of approaching something with a certain attitude or mindset, such as facing a situation with determination or seriousness.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6458

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Surface, Emerge

Reading

Kanji

浮Float 上Up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '浮かび上がる (うかびあがる)' can mean 'to surface' or 'to emerge'. It is often used to describe something physically rising to the surface, such as an object in water, or metaphorically to describe something becoming apparent or clear. For example: the truth emerged「真実が浮かび上がった」(しんじつがうかびあがった). The sunken ship surfaced「沈んだ船が浮かび上がった」(しずんだふねがうかびあがった). This verb can also be used to describe emotions or memories coming to the surface, as in 'memories emerged「記憶が浮かび上がった」(きおくがうかびあがった)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6475

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hate

Reading

Kanji

憎Hate

Explanation

The Japanese verb '憎む (にくむ)' means 'to hate'. It is used to express strong dislike or hatred towards someone or something. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as personal relationships, societal issues, or abstract concepts. For example: I hate that person「あの人を憎む」(あのひとをにくむ). He hates injustice「彼は不正を憎む」(かれはふせいをにくむ). It's important to note that '憎む' conveys a deep and intense feeling of hatred, often stronger than other words like '嫌い (きらい)' which can mean 'dislike'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6489

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strengthen

Reading

Kanji

強Strong

Explanation

The Japanese verb '強める (つよめる)' means 'to strengthen' or 'to make stronger'. It is used to describe the act of increasing the intensity, power, or force of something. This verb can be applied to physical strength, emotional resolve, or even abstract concepts like arguments or policies. For example: We need to strengthen our team「私たちはチームを強める必要がある」(わたしたちはチームをつよめるひつようがある). The government is strengthening its policies「政府は政策を強めている」(せいふはせいさくをつよめている). Note that '強める' is often used in contexts where there is a deliberate effort to enhance or reinforce something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6497

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Order

Reading

Kanji

命Command, Life

Explanation

The Japanese verb '命じる (めいじる)' means 'to order' or 'to command'. It is used when someone in a position of authority gives a directive or instruction to someone else. This verb often implies a formal or authoritative context, such as in military, workplace, or hierarchical settings. For example: The general ordered the soldiers to advance「将軍は兵士たちに前進するよう命じた」(しょうぐんはへいしたちにぜんしんするようめいじた). The boss commanded the employees to finish the report by tomorrow「上司は従業員に明日までにレポートを終えるよう命じた」(じょうしはじゅうぎょういにんにあしたまでにレポートをおえるようめいじた). Note that '命じる' carries a strong sense of authority and is not typically used in casual or informal situations.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6516

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Compare

Reading

Kanji

見See 比Compare, Ratio

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見比べる (みくらべる)' means 'to compare'. It is used when examining two or more things side by side to identify similarities or differences. This verb often implies a visual comparison, such as comparing images, objects, or written texts. For example: I compared the two paintings「二つの絵を見比べた」(ふたつのえをみくらべた). She compared the prices at different stores「彼女はいくつかの店の値段を見比べた」(かのじょはいくつかのみせのねだんをみくらべた). The verb can also be used metaphorically to compare abstract concepts or ideas.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6567

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Depend

Reading

Kanji

甘Sweet

Explanation

The Japanese verb '甘える (あまえる)' means 'to depend on' or 'to take advantage of someone's kindness'. It often carries a nuance of seeking affection, indulgence, or special treatment, typically from someone close, like a parent, partner, or friend. It can be used in both positive and negative contexts, depending on the situation. For example: she depends on her mother「彼女は母親に甘える」(かのじょはははおやにあまえる). He took advantage of my kindness「彼は私の優しさに甘えた」(かれはわたしのやさしさにあまえた). The verb is commonly used to describe behavior that seeks emotional or practical support, often in a way that might be seen as childish or endearing.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6575

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Force

Reading

Kanji

強Strong

Explanation

The Japanese verb '強いる (しいる)' means 'to force' or 'to compel'. It is used when someone is made to do something against their will or when a situation imposes a burden or obligation. This verb often carries a nuance of coercion or pressure. For example: He forced me to work overtime「彼は私に残業を強いた」(かれはわたしにざんぎょうをしいた). The circumstances forced her to make a difficult decision「状況が彼女に難しい決断を強いた」(じょうきょうがかのじょにむずかしいけつだんをしいた). Note that this verb is transitive and typically requires an object to indicate what is being forced.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6576

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Scatter

Reading

Kanji

散Scatter

Explanation

The Japanese verb '散る (ちる)' primarily means 'to scatter' or 'to fall and disperse'. It is often used to describe things like petals, leaves, or snow falling and spreading out. For example: cherry blossoms scatter「桜の花が散る」(さくらのはながちる). The snow is scattering「雪が散っている」(ゆきがちっている). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe things like emotions or attention dispersing. For instance: my concentration scattered「集中力が散った」(しゅうちゅうりょくがちった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6589

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bend

Reading

Kanji

曲Music, Bend

Explanation

The Japanese verb '曲げる (まげる)' means 'to bend'. It is used to describe the action of physically bending something, such as a piece of metal or a limb, or metaphorically bending rules or principles. For example: bend the wire「針金を曲げる」(はりがねをまげる). He bent the rules to help his friend「彼は友達を助けるためにルールを曲げた」(かれはともだちをたすけるためにルールをまげた). The verb can also imply a sense of distortion or alteration, as in bending the truth '真実を曲げる (しんじつをまげる)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6590

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Replace, Exchange

Reading

Kanji

取Take 替Replace, Exchange

Explanation

The Japanese verb '取り替える (とりかえる)' means 'to replace' or 'to exchange'. It is used when swapping one thing for another, often because the original item is broken, outdated, or no longer suitable. For example: I replaced the old light bulb「古い電球を取り替えた」(ふるいでんきゅうをとりかえた). They exchanged gifts at the party「パーティーでプレゼントを取り替えた」(パーティーでプレゼントをとりかえた). This verb can also imply a mutual exchange, such as trading items or ideas. Note that '取り替える' is often used in contexts involving physical objects but can also apply to abstract concepts like roles or responsibilities.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6596

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pay for

Reading

Kanji

立Stand 替Replace, Exchange

Explanation

The Japanese verb '立て替える (たてかえる)' means 'to pay for someone else temporarily'. It is used when someone covers a cost on behalf of another person, with the expectation of being reimbursed later. This verb is commonly used in situations like splitting bills, lending money, or covering expenses. For example: I paid for his meal「彼の食事代を立て替えた」(かれのしょくじだいをたてかえた). Can you pay for me this time?「今度立て替えてもらえる？」(こんどたてかえてもらえる？). The verb implies a temporary arrangement and is often followed by discussions about repayment.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6597

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Set, Initiate

Reading

Kanji

仕Serve 掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese verb '仕掛ける (しかける)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to set' or 'to prepare something in advance', often referring to traps, devices, or mechanisms. For example: he set a trap「彼は罠を仕掛けた」(かれはわなをしかけた). The second meaning is 'to initiate' or 'to start something', such as a conversation or an action. For example: she initiated a conversation「彼女は会話を仕掛けた」(かのじょはかいわをしかけた). The verb can also imply a sense of strategy or planning, depending on the context. It is commonly used in both literal and figurative situations.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6616

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soak

Reading

Kanji

浸Soak, Immersed

Explanation

The Japanese verb '浸かる (つかる)' means 'to soak' or 'to be immersed'. It is commonly used to describe the action of soaking in a liquid, such as water, often for relaxation or cleaning purposes. For example: I soaked in the hot spring「温泉に浸かった」(おんせんにつかった). The laundry is soaking in the water「洗濯物が水に浸かっている」(せんたくものがみずにつかっている). This verb can also imply being deeply involved or absorbed in something, such as a state of mind or an activity, though this usage is less common. For example: He is immersed in his work「彼は仕事に浸かっている」(かれはしごとにつかっている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6617

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Turn back

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 返Return

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引き返す (ひきかえす)' means 'to turn back' or 'to return'. It is used when someone or something reverses direction and goes back to a previous location or state. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as physical movement, decisions, or actions. For example: He turned back halfway through the journey「彼は途中で引き返した」(かれはとちゅうでひきかえした). Due to the bad weather, we had to turn back「悪天候のため、引き返さなければならなかった」(あくてんこうのため、ひきかえさなければならなかった). The verb often implies a deliberate decision to go back, rather than simply returning.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6618

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lie

Reading

Kanji

横Sideways

Explanation

The Japanese verb '横たわる (よこたわる)' means 'to lie down' or 'to be lying down'. It is often used to describe a person or object lying horizontally, either on a surface or in a specific position. This verb can also imply a sense of stillness or permanence, such as when describing a body lying in repose. For example: The man lies on the grass「男は草の上に横たわる」(おとこはくさのうえによこたわる). The book lies on the table「本がテーブルの上に横たわっている」(ほんがテーブルのうえによこたわっている). Note that this verb is more formal and less commonly used in everyday conversation compared to '寝る (ねる)' or '横になる (よこになる)', which are more casual ways to express lying down.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6619

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Catch, Arrest

Reading

Kanji

捕Catch

Explanation

The Japanese verb '捕まる (つかまる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to catch' or 'to be caught', often referring to physically grabbing or holding onto something. For example: I caught the ball「ボールを捕まった」(ぼーるをつかまった). The second meaning is 'to be arrested' or 'to get caught' in the context of law enforcement. For example: The thief was arrested「泥棒が捕まった」(どろぼうがつかまった). This verb is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts, depending on the situation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6621

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Catch

Reading

Kanji

捕Catch

Explanation

The Japanese verb '捕まえる (つかまえる)' means 'to catch'. This verb is used when physically capturing or grabbing something or someone, such as catching a ball, a fish, or even a criminal. It can also be used metaphorically to mean 'to grasp' or 'to seize' an opportunity. For example: I caught a butterfly「蝶を捕まえた」(ちょうをつかまえた). The police caught the thief「警察は泥棒を捕まえた」(けいさつはどろぼうをつかまえた). Note that this verb often implies a sense of effort or struggle in the act of catching.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6622

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Survey, Overlook

Reading

Kanji

見See 渡Cross, Transit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見渡す (みわたす)' means 'to overlook' or 'to survey'. It is used to describe the action of looking over a wide area or taking in a broad view of something. This verb often implies a sense of observing something comprehensively or from a vantage point. For example: From the hill, I overlooked the entire town「丘から町全体を見渡した」(おかからまちぜんたいをみわたした). She surveyed the room before entering「彼女は部屋を見渡してから入った」(かのじょはへやをみわたしてからはいった). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe understanding or grasping a situation broadly, as in 'He surveyed the situation calmly'「彼は状況を冷静に見渡した」(かれはじょうきょうをれいせいにみわたした).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6630

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Indicate, Tell

Reading

Kanji

物Thing 語Language, Word

Explanation

The Japanese verb '物語る (ものがたる)' primarily means 'to tell' or 'to narrate', often referring to recounting a story or history. It can also mean 'to indicate' or 'to show', suggesting that something reveals or implies a deeper meaning or truth. For example: The ruins tell the story of an ancient civilization「遺跡は古代文明の物語を物語っている」(いせきはこだいぶんめいのものがたりをものがたっている). His actions indicate his true intentions「彼の行動は彼の本当の意図を物語っている」(かれのこうどうはかれのほんとうのいとをものがたっている). This verb is often used in formal or literary contexts to describe how something conveys a narrative or reveals underlying truths.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6631

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Release

Reading

Kanji

逃Escape

Explanation

The Japanese verb '逃がす (にがす)' primarily means 'to release' or 'to let go'. It is often used when someone intentionally allows something or someone to escape or be freed. For example: I released the bird「鳥を逃がした」(とりをにがした). He let the fish go「彼は魚を逃がした」(かれはさかなをにがした). This verb can also imply a missed opportunity, such as letting a chance slip away. For example: I let the opportunity slip「チャンスを逃がした」(チャンスをにがした). The nuance here is that the action is deliberate, and the subject is allowing something to escape or be lost.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6632

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Defeat

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'やっつける (やっつける)' primarily means 'to defeat' or 'to beat someone/something decisively'. It is often used in contexts involving competition, conflict, or overcoming challenges. This verb carries a nuance of decisiveness and finality, implying that the action is done thoroughly or completely. For example: I defeated the opponent「相手をやっつけた」(あいてをやっつけた). He finished the task quickly「彼は仕事をやっつけた」(かれはしごとをやっつけた). Note that 'やっつける' can also imply a sense of roughness or forcefulness in the action, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

6633

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mix

Reading

Kanji

混Mix

Explanation

The Japanese verb '混ざる (まざる)' means 'to mix' or 'to be mixed'. It is used when two or more substances, elements, or things are combined or blended together. This verb often implies that the mixing happens naturally or unintentionally. For example: oil and water do not mix「油と水は混ざらない」(あぶらとみずはまざらない). Different colors mixed together「いろんな色が混ざった」(いろんないろがまざった). It can also be used metaphorically, such as when different ideas or cultures blend together. Note that '混ざる' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object; the subject itself is what gets mixed.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6638

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rot

Reading

Kanji

腐Rot

Explanation

The Japanese verb '腐る (くさる)' means 'to rot' or 'to decay'. It is used to describe the process of organic matter breaking down, often due to bacterial or fungal activity. This verb can be applied to food, plants, or other organic materials. For example: the fruit rotted「果物が腐った」(くだものがくさった). The fish will rot if left out「魚は放置すると腐る」(さかなはほうちするとくさる). Additionally, '腐る' can be used metaphorically to describe something becoming morally or emotionally corrupt, though this usage is less common. For example: his heart rotted with greed「彼の心は欲望で腐った」(かれのこころはよくぼうでくさった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6646

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Endure

Reading

Kanji

堪Endure

Explanation

The Japanese verb '堪える (こらえる)' means 'to endure' or 'to hold back'. It is used to describe the act of enduring or tolerating something difficult, such as pain, emotions, or a challenging situation. This verb often implies a sense of self-control or restraint. For example: He endured the pain「彼は痛みを堪えた」(かれはいたみをこらえた). She held back her tears「彼女は涙を堪えた」(かのじょはなみだをこらえた). The verb can also be used in contexts where someone is resisting an urge or impulse, such as holding back laughter or anger. It is important to note that this verb is often used in situations requiring mental or emotional strength.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6647

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Offer

Reading

Kanji

供Accompany, Offer

Explanation

The Japanese verb '供える (そなえる)' means 'to offer' or 'to present'. It is commonly used in the context of offering something, often in a religious or ceremonial setting, such as offering food, flowers, or other items to deities, spirits, or ancestors. For example: They offered flowers to the altar「彼らは祭壇に花を供えた」(かれらはさいだんにはなをそなえた). We offered rice to the gods「私たちは神々に米を供えた」(わたしたちはかみがみにこめをそなえた). The verb carries a respectful and formal tone, often implying a sense of reverence or ritual.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6648

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Involve

Reading

Kanji

携Carry with, Portable

Explanation

The Japanese verb '携わる (たずさわる)' means 'to be involved in' or 'to engage in'. It is used to describe participation or involvement in a specific activity, project, or field. This verb often implies a sense of responsibility or active participation. For example: He is involved in education「彼は教育に携わっている」(かれはきょういくにたずさわっている). She engages in research「彼女は研究に携わっている」(かのじょはけんきゅうにたずさわっている). The verb is typically used in formal or professional contexts, emphasizing a deeper level of involvement rather than casual participation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6649

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Disrupt

Reading

Kanji

乱Disorder, Riot

Explanation

The Japanese verb '乱す (みだす)' means 'to disrupt' or 'to disturb'. It is used to describe the act of causing disorder, confusion, or disruption to something that was previously orderly or organized. This verb can be applied to physical arrangements, plans, emotions, or states of being. For example: The wind disrupted the papers「風が書類を乱した」(かぜがしょるいをみだした). Her words disrupted his peace of mind「彼女の言葉が彼の心の平和を乱した」(かのじょのことばがかれのこころのへいわをみだした). The verb often carries a nuance of negatively affecting something that was stable or harmonious.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6650

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

End, Runout

Reading

Kanji

尽Exhaust

Explanation

The Japanese verb '尽きる (つきる)' means 'to run out' or 'to come to an end'. It is used to describe the exhaustion or depletion of something, such as resources, time, or patience. It can also imply reaching the limit of something. For example: the food ran out「食べ物が尽きた」(たべものがつきた). My patience has run out「私の忍耐が尽きた」(わたしのにんたいがつきた). This word often carries a sense of finality or inevitability, and it is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6665

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deepen

Reading

Kanji

深Deep

Explanation

The Japanese verb '深まる (ふかまる)' means 'to deepen'. It is used to describe a situation, feeling, or relationship becoming more intense, profound, or serious. This verb is often used in contexts where emotions, understanding, or connections grow stronger over time. For example: Their relationship deepened「彼らの関係は深まった」(かれらのかんけいはふかまった). The mystery deepened「謎が深まった」(なぞがふかまった). It can also be used in a more literal sense, such as when describing the deepening of a color or a physical depth, though this is less common. For example: The color of the sky deepened「空の色が深まった」(そらのいろがふかまった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6667

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Overlook

Reading

Kanji

見See 落Fall

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見落とす (みおとす)' means 'to overlook' or 'to miss something'. It is used when someone fails to notice or consider something, often due to carelessness or inattention. This verb is commonly used in situations where details, errors, or important information are missed. For example: I overlooked the mistake in the report「レポートの間違いを見落とした」(レポートのまちがいをみおとした). He missed the small detail in the painting「彼は絵の小さな詳細を見落とした」(かれはえのちいさなしょうさいをみおとした). The verb can also imply a sense of regret or realization after the fact, as in 'I can't believe I overlooked that!'「それを見落としたなんて信じられない！」(それをみおとしたなんてしんじられない！).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6670

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chill

Reading

Kanji

冷Cold 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '冷え込む (ひえこむ)' means 'to chill' or 'to become cold'. It is often used to describe a sudden drop in temperature, either in the weather or in a person's body. For example: The weather suddenly chilled「急に冷え込んだ」(きゅうにひえこんだ). My body feels chilled「体が冷え込む」(からだがひえこむ). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe a situation or atmosphere becoming cold or tense. For example: The atmosphere in the room chilled「部屋の雰囲気が冷え込んだ」(へやのふんいきがひえこんだ).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6698

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tease

Reading

Kanji

冷Cold

Explanation

The Japanese verb '冷やかす (ひやかす)' primarily means 'to tease' or 'to make fun of someone in a playful or lighthearted manner'. It is often used in social contexts where someone is joking around or bantering with others. However, it can also carry a nuance of mocking or ridiculing, depending on the tone and context. For example: He teased his friend about his new haircut「彼は友達の新しい髪型を冷やかした」(かれはともだちのあたらしいかみがたをひやかした). The shopkeeper playfully teased the customer「店員は客を冷やかした」(てんいんはきゃくをひやかした). Note that this verb is not used for serious or hurtful teasing, but rather for light-hearted or humorous interactions.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6699

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Face

Reading

Kanji

向Facing, Yonder 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verb '向き合う (むきあう)' means 'to face' or 'to confront'. It is used to describe the act of facing someone or something, either physically or emotionally. This verb often implies a sense of directness and engagement, whether it be in a physical confrontation or an emotional challenge. For example: we need to face our problems「私たちは問題に向き合う必要がある」(わたしたちはもんだいにむきあうひつようがある). He faced his opponent bravely「彼は勇敢に相手に向き合った」(かれはゆうかんにあいてにむきあった). The verb can also be used in a more literal sense, such as facing a direction or object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6710

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Support, Nurture

Reading

Kanji

養Foster

Explanation

The Japanese verb '養う (やしなう)' can mean 'to support' or 'to nurture'. When used in the context of 'support', it often refers to providing for someone financially or materially, such as supporting a family. For example: He supports his family「彼は家族を養っている」(かれはかぞくをやしなっている). In the context of 'nurture', it refers to raising or cultivating something, such as children, animals, or even skills. For example: She nurtures her plants carefully「彼女は植物を丁寧に養っている」(かのじょはしょくぶつをていねいにやしなっている). The verb can also imply fostering or developing something over time, such as habits or relationships.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6711

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bald

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'はげる (はげる)' means 'to go bald' or 'to become bald'. It is used to describe the process of losing hair, typically on the head, resulting in baldness. This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe something becoming bare or losing its covering, such as a mountain losing its trees. For example: he is going bald「彼ははげてきている」(かれははげてきている). The mountain has become bald「山がはげた」(やまがはげた). Note that this verb is often used in its progressive form to indicate the ongoing process of balding.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

6712

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lament

Reading

Kanji

嘆Sigh

Explanation

The Japanese verb '嘆く (なげく)' means 'to lament' or 'to grieve'. It is used to express deep sorrow, regret, or disappointment about a situation or event. This verb often conveys a sense of emotional distress or mourning. For example: he lamented the loss of his friend「彼は友人の死を嘆いた」(かれはゆうじんのしをなげいた). She lamented her mistakes「彼女は自分の過ちを嘆いた」(かのじょはじぶんのあやまちをなげいた). The verb can also be used in a broader sense to express dissatisfaction or concern about societal issues, such as: they lamented the state of the world「彼らは世界の状況を嘆いた」(かれらはせかいのじょうきょうをなげいた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6739

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Joke, Mess

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'ふざける' (fuzakeru) has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to joke' or 'to kid around', often used when someone is being playful or not serious. For example: stop joking around「ふざけるな」(ふざけるな). The second meaning is 'to mess around' or 'to fool around', which can imply wasting time or behaving inappropriately. For example: don't mess around during class「授業中にふざけるな」(じゅぎょうちゅうにふざけるな). The verb can carry a slightly negative connotation depending on the context, especially when used in commands or warnings.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

6744

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pay, Store

Reading

Kanji

納Settlement

Explanation

The Japanese verb '納める (おさめる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to pay,' often used in the context of paying taxes, fees, or dues. For example: I paid my taxes「税金を納めた」(ぜいきんをおさめた). The second meaning is 'to store' or 'to put something away,' often used when placing items in a specific location for safekeeping. For example: She stored the books on the shelf「彼女は本を棚に納めた」(かのじょはほんをたなにおさめた). The verb can also imply a sense of completion or fulfillment, such as fulfilling an obligation or storing something properly.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6756

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expect

Reading

Kanji

思Think 掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese verb '思い掛ける (おもいがける)' means 'to expect' or 'to anticipate'. It is used when someone has a certain expectation or assumption about a situation or outcome. This verb often carries a nuance of something being unexpected or contrary to what was anticipated. For example: I didn't expect it to rain「雨が降るとは思い掛けなかった」(あめがふるとはおもいがけなかった). He expected the meeting to be short「彼は会議が短いと思い掛けていた」(かれはかいぎがみじかいとおもいがけていた). Note that this verb is less common in modern Japanese and may be replaced by more straightforward terms like '予期する (よきする)' or '期待する (きたいする)' in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6757

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Refuse

Reading

Kanji

拒Repel, Refuse

Explanation

The Japanese verb '拒む (こばむ)' means 'to refuse' or 'to reject'. It is used when someone declines or turns down an offer, request, or situation. This verb often carries a nuance of firmness or determination in the refusal. For example: He refused the offer「彼はその申し出を拒んだ」(かれはそのもうしでをこばんだ). The door refused to open「ドアが開くのを拒んだ」(ドアがあくのをこばんだ). It can also imply resistance or opposition, as in '拒むことのできない事実 (こばむことのできないじじつ) (an undeniable fact)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6758

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Approach

Reading

Kanji

近Near 寄Draw near

Explanation

The Japanese verb '近寄る (ちかよる)' means 'to approach' or 'to come near'. It is used to describe the action of moving closer to something or someone, either physically or metaphorically. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as approaching a person, an object, or even an abstract concept like danger. For example: The dog approached the stranger「犬がその見知らぬ人に近寄った」(いぬがそのみしらぬひとにちかよった). Don't approach the edge of the cliff「崖の端に近寄らないで」(がけのはしにちかよらないで). The verb often implies a deliberate or cautious movement towards something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6760

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting