word

Meaning

Increase

Reading

Kanji

増Increase 加Join, Add

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '増加 (ぞうか)' means 'increase'. It refers to the act of becoming greater in size, amount, or number. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to describe growth or expansion in various areas such as population, prices, or data. For example: The population is increasing「人口が増加している」(じんこうがぞうかしている). There was an increase in prices「価格の増加があった」(かかくのぞうかがあった). It's important to note that '増加' is often used in reports, statistics, and discussions about trends.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1528

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Popularity

Reading

Kanji

人Person 気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人気 (にんき)' means 'popularity'. It refers to the state of being liked, admired, or supported by many people. This word is often used to describe the popularity of people, places, products, or trends. For example: This restaurant is very popular「このレストランはとても人気です」(このレストランはとてもにんきです). That actor has gained a lot of popularity「あの俳優は人気が出ました」(あのはいゆうはにんきがでました). The word can also be used in compound phrases like '人気者 (にんきもの)' (popular person) or '人気商品 (にんきしょうひん)' (popular product).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1529

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Corporation

Reading

Kanji

法Law, Method 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '法人 (ほうじん)' refers to a 'corporation' or 'legal entity'. It is used to describe an organization that is recognized by law as a single entity, separate from its members, and has legal rights and responsibilities. This term is commonly used in business and legal contexts. For example: The corporation was established last year「その法人は去年設立されました」(そのほうじんはきょねんせつりつされました). Non-profit organizations are also considered legal entities「非営利団体も法人とみなされます」(ひえいりだんたいもほうじんとみなされます).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1530

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Processing

Reading

Kanji

加Join, Add 工Construction

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '加工 (かこう)' means 'processing'. It refers to the act of altering, modifying, or treating raw materials or data to create a finished product or result. This term is commonly used in contexts such as manufacturing, food production, and data handling. For example: The factory processes raw materials「工場は原料を加工する」(こうじょうはげんりょうをかこうする). This data needs further processing「このデータはさらに加工が必要だ」(このデータはさらにかこうがひつようだ). The word can also imply refinement or improvement, as in '加工食品 (かこうしょくひん) (processed food)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1531

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Criticism

Reading

Kanji

批Criticize 判Judge, Stamp

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '批判 (ひはん)' means 'criticism'. It refers to the act of analyzing and evaluating something, often pointing out its faults or shortcomings. This word is commonly used in contexts such as social commentary, reviews, or discussions where judgment or evaluation is involved. For example: His criticism was harsh「彼の批判は厳しかった」(かれのひはんはきびしかった). The media criticized the government「メディアは政府を批判した」(メディアはせいふをひはんした). Note that '批判' can carry a negative connotation, implying disapproval or fault-finding, but it can also be used neutrally in analytical contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1534

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Evaluation, Appraisal

Reading

Kanji

評Evaluate 価Price

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '評価 (ひょうか)' refers to the act of assessing or judging the value, quality, or performance of something or someone. It is commonly used in contexts such as performance reviews, product reviews, or academic assessments. For example: The teacher gave a high evaluation to the student「先生はその生徒に高い評価を与えた」(せんせいはそのせいとにたかいひょうかをあたえた). This product received a good appraisal from customers「この商品は顧客から良い評価を受けた」(このしょうひんはこきゃくからよいひょうかをうけた). Note that '評価' can also imply a formal or systematic judgment, often used in professional or academic settings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1535

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Power, Authority

Reading

Kanji

権Rights, Authority 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese noun '権力 (けんりょく)' refers to 'power' or 'authority', particularly in a political, social, or organizational context. It often implies the ability to control or influence others, institutions, or systems. For example: The government holds great power「政府は大きな権力を持っている」(せいふはおおきなけんりょくをもっている). He used his authority to make decisions「彼は権力を使って決定を下した」(かれはけんりょくをつかってけっていをくだした). Note that '権力' is often associated with formal or institutional power, as opposed to personal influence or strength.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1536

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

What, How

Reading

Kanji

如As, Likeness 何What

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '如何 (いかが)' is used to inquire about the state, condition, or quality of something. It can mean 'how' or 'what' depending on the context. It is often used in polite or formal situations to ask for opinions or to make suggestions. For example: How is the weather?「天気は如何ですか？」(てんきはいかがですか). What do you think?「ご意見は如何ですか？」(ごいけんはいかがですか). It can also be used to make polite offers, such as: Would you like some tea?「お茶はいかがですか？」(おちゃはいかがですか). The word carries a nuance of politeness and is commonly used in formal conversations or customer service settings.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1537

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Breakdown, Malfunction

Reading

Kanji

故Reason, Deceased 障Hinder, Hurt

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '故障 (こしょう)' refers to a breakdown or malfunction, typically of machinery, equipment, or systems. It is commonly used to describe when something stops working properly due to a defect or failure. For example: The car broke down「車が故障した」(くるまがこしょうした). The computer is malfunctioning「コンピューターが故障している」(コンピューターがこしょうしている). This term is often used in technical or mechanical contexts but can also apply to abstract systems or plans that fail to function as intended.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1538

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Material, Ingredient

Reading

Kanji

材Materials, Timber 料Materials, Fee

Explanation

The Japanese noun '材料 (ざいりょう)' can mean either 'ingredient' or 'material', depending on the context. When referring to cooking or recipes, it typically means 'ingredient'. For example: the ingredients for this dish are fresh「この料理の材料は新鮮です」(このりょうりのざいりょうはしんせんです). In a broader sense, it can also refer to 'material' used in construction, manufacturing, or other processes. For example: we need more materials to build the house「家を建てるためにもっと材料が必要です」(いえをたてるためにもっとざいりょうがひつようです). The word is versatile and context-dependent, so pay attention to how it is used in sentences.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1539

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Repair

Reading

Kanji

修Discipline 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '修理 (しゅうり)' means 'repair'. It refers to the act of fixing or restoring something that is broken or damaged. This word is commonly used in contexts involving mechanical, electronic, or structural repairs. For example: I will repair the car「車を修理します」(くるまをしゅうりします). The watch is under repair「時計は修理中です」(とけいはしゅうりちゅうです). It can also be used in a broader sense, such as repairing relationships or systems, though it is most frequently associated with physical objects.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1540

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Income

Reading

Kanji

所Place 得Acquire

Explanation

The Japanese noun '所得 (しょとく)' refers to 'income' or 'earnings'. It is commonly used in contexts related to finance, economics, and personal earnings. This term can refer to various types of income, such as salary, wages, or profits. For example: His income is high「彼の所得は高い」(かれのしょとくはたかい). The government taxes income「政府は所得に課税する」(せいふはしょとくにかぜいする). It is important to note that '所得' is often used in formal or official contexts, such as tax-related discussions or financial reports.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1541

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Floor

Reading

Kanji

床Bed, Floor

Explanation

The Japanese noun '床 (ゆか)' refers to the 'floor' of a building or room. It is commonly used to describe the surface that people walk on indoors. This word is often used in contexts related to architecture, interior design, and daily life. For example: The floor is clean「床がきれいです」(ゆかがきれいです). I sat on the floor「床に座りました」(ゆかにすわりました). It can also refer to the floor of a stage or platform in specific contexts. Note that '床' is distinct from '地面 (じめん)', which refers to the ground or earth outdoors.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1548

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Psychology

Reading

Kanji

心Heart 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese noun '心理 (しんり)' refers to 'psychology' or the mental and emotional state of a person. It is often used in contexts related to understanding human behavior, thoughts, and feelings. For example: understanding the psychology of fear「恐怖の心理を理解する」(きょうふのしんりをりかいする). The psychology behind decision-making「意思決定の心理」(いしけっていのしんり). This term is commonly used in academic, professional, and everyday contexts to discuss mental processes and behaviors.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1549

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Minister

Reading

Kanji

大Big 臣Servant, Retainer

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大臣 (だいじん)' refers to a 'minister', specifically a high-ranking government official who is in charge of a specific ministry or department. This term is commonly used in political contexts to denote individuals who hold significant authority within the government. For example: The Minister of Finance spoke at the conference「財務大臣が会議で話しました」(ざいむだいじんがかいぎではなしました). The Prime Minister appointed a new Minister of Education「首相が新しい文部科学大臣を任命しました」(しゅしょうがあたらしいもんぶかがくだいじんをにんめいしました). It's important to note that '大臣' is often used in combination with the specific ministry they oversee, such as '外務大臣 (がいむだいじん)' for 'Minister of Foreign Affairs'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1550

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Property

Reading

Kanji

財Wealth 産Give birth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '財産 (ざいさん)' refers to 'property' or 'assets'. It encompasses anything of value that is owned by an individual or entity, including real estate, money, investments, and personal belongings. This term is often used in legal and financial contexts to discuss ownership, inheritance, or wealth. For example: He inherited a large property「彼は大きな財産を相続した」(かれはおおきなざいさんをそうぞくした). Protecting intellectual property is important「知的財産を守ることは重要だ」(ちてきざいさんをまもることはじゅうようだ). The word can also metaphorically refer to non-material assets, such as skills or experiences, considered valuable.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1554

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ambulance

Reading

Kanji

救Rescue 急Urgent 車Car

Explanation

The Japanese noun '救急車 (きゅうきゅうしゃ)' refers to an 'ambulance', a vehicle equipped to transport sick or injured people to a hospital. It is commonly used in emergency situations. For example: Call an ambulance!「救急車を呼んで！」(きゅうきゅうしゃをよんで！). The ambulance arrived quickly「救急車がすぐに到着した」(きゅうきゅうしゃがすぐにとうちゃくした). The word is a compound of '救急 (きゅうきゅう)', meaning 'emergency', and '車 (しゃ)', meaning 'vehicle'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1555

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clothes

Reading

Kanji

服Obey, Clothing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '服 (ふく)' means 'clothes'. It refers to garments or clothing items worn on the body. This word is commonly used in everyday conversations when discussing attire, fashion, or dressing up. For example: I bought new clothes「新しい服を買いました」(あたらしいふくをかいました). She is wearing beautiful clothes「彼女はきれいな服を着ています」(かのじょはきれいなふくをきています). The word can also be used in compound words like '制服 (せいふく)' (uniform) or '洋服 (ようふく)' (Western-style clothing).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1556

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tune, Joint

Reading

Kanji

節Season, Node

Explanation

The Japanese noun '節 (ふし)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning refers to a 'joint' or 'node', such as the joints in bamboo or the nodes in a plant stem. For example: the bamboo has many joints「竹には節が多い」(たけにはふしがおおい). The second meaning refers to a 'tune' or 'melody', often used in the context of traditional Japanese music or songs. For example: she sang a beautiful tune「彼女は美しい節を歌った」(かのじょはうつくしいふしをうたった). These two meanings are unrelated and should be considered separately.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1557

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Management

Reading

Kanji

管Pipe 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '管理 (かんり)' means 'management'. It refers to the act of controlling, overseeing, or administering something, such as a business, property, or system. This word is commonly used in professional and organizational contexts. For example: He is in charge of the management of the company「彼は会社の管理を担当しています」(かれはかいしゃのかんりをたんとうしています). Proper management of resources is essential「資源の適切な管理が不可欠です」(しげんのてきせつなかんりがふかけつです). The word can also be used in contexts like 'time management' (時間管理, じかんかんり) or 'stress management' (ストレス管理, ストレスかんり).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1558

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Brain

Reading

Kanji

脳Brain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '脳 (のう)' refers to the 'brain', the organ in the head that controls thought, memory, and bodily functions. It is commonly used in both scientific and everyday contexts. For example: The brain is an important organ「脳は重要な器官です」(のうはじゅうようなきかんです). He has a sharp brain「彼は鋭い脳を持っている」(かれはするどいのうをもっている). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe intelligence or mental capacity, as in '彼は脳がいい (かれはのうがいい) (He is smart).'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1559

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Black

Reading

Kanji

黒Black

Explanation

The Japanese noun '黒 (くろ)' means 'black'. It refers to the color black and is commonly used to describe objects, clothing, or anything that is black in color. For example: the cat is black「その猫は黒です」(そのねこはくろです). I like black clothes「私は黒い服が好きです」(わたしはくろいふくがすきです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something as being 'dark' or 'sinister' in a figurative sense, such as in '黒い噂 (くろいうわさ)' (dark rumors).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1561

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Arrest

Reading

Kanji

逮Catch up with, Apprehend 捕Catch

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '逮捕 (たいほ)' means 'arrest'. It refers to the act of taking someone into custody by legal authority, typically in the context of law enforcement. This term is commonly used in legal, news, and everyday contexts when discussing criminal activities or police actions. For example: The police made an arrest「警察が逮捕した」(けいさつがたいほした). He was arrested for theft「彼は窃盗で逮捕された」(かれはせっとうでたいほされた). Note that '逮捕' is often used in formal or serious contexts and is not typically used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1563

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Posture

Reading

Kanji

姿Shape, Figure 勢Power, Force

Explanation

The Japanese noun '姿勢 (しせい)' primarily means 'posture'. It refers to the way in which someone holds their body, especially when standing or sitting. This word can also be used metaphorically to describe someone's attitude or stance towards a particular issue. For example: good posture is important「良い姿勢は大切です」(よいしせいはたいせつです). His posture towards work is very serious「彼の仕事に対する姿勢はとても真剣です」(かれのしごとにたいするしせいはとてもしんけんです). In both literal and metaphorical contexts, '姿勢' emphasizes the physical or mental alignment of a person.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1564

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Article

Reading

Kanji

記Record 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '記事 (きじ)' refers to an 'article', typically in the context of written content found in newspapers, magazines, or online publications. It is used to describe a piece of writing that provides information, news, or commentary on a specific topic. For example: I read an interesting article「面白い記事を読みました」(おもしろいきじをよみました). This article is about technology「この記事はテクノロジーについてです」(このきじはてくのろじーについてです). The word can also be used more broadly to refer to any written record or report, but it is most commonly associated with journalistic or informational content.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1567

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

War

Reading

Kanji

戦Fight, War 争Dispute

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '戦争 (せんそう)' means 'war'. It refers to a state of armed conflict between different nations, states, or groups. This term is often used in historical, political, or social contexts to describe large-scale conflicts. For example: The war ended in 1945「戦争は1945年に終わった」(せんそうは1945ねんにおわった). Many people suffered during the war「多くの人が戦争中に苦しんだ」(おおくのひとがせんそうちゅうにくるしんだ). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe intense competition or conflict in non-military contexts, such as 'price wars' or 'trade wars'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1568

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chair

Reading

Kanji

椅Chair 子Child

Explanation

The Japanese noun '椅子 (いす)' means 'chair'. This word refers to a piece of furniture designed for sitting, typically having a back and four legs. It is commonly used in everyday conversation and can refer to various types of chairs, such as office chairs, dining chairs, or armchairs. For example: Please sit on the chair「椅子に座ってください」(いすにすわってください). This chair is comfortable「この椅子は快適です」(このいすはかいてきです). The word '椅子' is straightforward and does not carry additional nuanced meanings, making it easy to use in various contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1569

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Claim, Credit

Reading

Kanji

債Debt 権Rights, Authority

Explanation

The Japanese noun '債権 (さいけん)' refers to a legal right to demand payment or performance from another party. It is commonly used in financial and legal contexts. The first meaning, 'claim,' refers to the right to demand something owed, such as money or services. The second meaning, 'credit,' refers to the financial aspect where one party lends money or goods to another with the expectation of repayment. Example sentences: The company has a claim against the debtor「その会社は債務者に対して債権を持っている」(そのかいしゃはさいむしゃにたいしてさいけんをもっている). The bank extended credit to the small business「銀行はその小企業に債権を提供した」(ぎんこうはそのしょうきぎょうにさいけんをていきょうした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1570

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strategy

Reading

Kanji

戦Fight, War 略Abbreviation, Strategy

Explanation

The Japanese noun '戦略 (せんりゃく)' means 'strategy'. It refers to a carefully devised plan or method to achieve a specific goal, often used in contexts like business, military, or personal planning. For example: The company's strategy was successful「会社の戦略は成功した」(かいしゃのせんりゃくはせいこうした). He is good at creating strategies「彼は戦略を立てるのが上手だ」(かれはせんりゃくをたてるのがじょうずだ). This word is commonly used in formal or professional settings and emphasizes a long-term, well-thought-out approach.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1571

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shogunate

Reading

Kanji

幕Curtain 府Government office, Urban prefecture

Explanation

The Japanese noun '幕府 (ばくふ)' refers to the 'shogunate', which was the military government of Japan during the feudal period. The shogunate was headed by the shogun, the supreme military commander, and it was the de facto government of Japan from the 12th to the 19th century, while the emperor remained a symbolic figurehead. The term is often used in historical contexts to describe the political and military structure of feudal Japan. For example: The Tokugawa shogunate ruled Japan for over 250 years「徳川幕府は250年以上日本を支配した」(とくがわばくふはにひゃくごじゅうねんいじょうにほんをしはいした). The shogunate was abolished during the Meiji Restoration「幕府は明治維新の際に廃止された」(ばくふはめいじいしんのさいにはいしされた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1572

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soldier

Reading

Kanji

兵Soldier

Explanation

The Japanese noun '兵 (へい)' primarily means 'soldier'. It refers to a person who serves in an army or military force. This term is often used in formal or historical contexts. For example: The soldier fought bravely「兵は勇敢に戦った」(へいはゆうかんにたたかった). Many soldiers were injured「多くの兵が負傷した」(おおくのへいがふしょうした). The word can also appear in compound nouns, such as '兵士 (へいし)' which also means 'soldier', but '兵' alone is more concise and often used in literary or formal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1573

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Competition

Reading

Kanji

競Compete 争Dispute

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '競争 (きょうそう)' means 'competition'. It refers to a situation in which individuals or groups strive to outperform each other, often in a specific activity or field. This word is commonly used in contexts such as sports, business, academics, or any scenario where rivalry or striving for superiority is involved. For example: The competition was fierce「競争は激しかった」(きょうそうははげしかった). They are in competition for the top position「彼らはトップの座を競争している」(かれらはトップのざをきょうそうしている). Note that '競争' can also imply a sense of striving or effort, not just direct rivalry.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1574

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

County

Reading

Kanji

郡County, District

Explanation

The Japanese noun '郡 (ぐん)' refers to a 'county', which is an administrative division in Japan, smaller than a prefecture but larger than a city, town, or village. This term is used in geographical and administrative contexts to denote a specific area within a prefecture. For example: This county is known for its beautiful landscapes「この郡は美しい景色で知られています」(このぐんはうつくしいけしきでしられています). The county office is located in the center of the town「郡役所は町の中心にあります」(ぐんやくしょはまちのちゅうしんにあります). It's important to note that '郡' is a formal term and is less commonly used in everyday conversation compared to more specific terms like '市 (し)' (city) or '町 (まち)' (town).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1577

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Old

Reading

Kanji

旧Old, Past

Explanation

The Japanese noun '旧 (きゅう)' primarily means 'old' or 'former'. It is often used to refer to something that is outdated, previous, or no longer in use. This word is commonly seen in contexts such as '旧制度 (きゅうせいど)' meaning 'old system' or '旧友 (きゅうゆう)' meaning 'old friend'. It can also be used in historical contexts to refer to past eras or systems. For example: the old calendar「旧暦」(きゅうれき). This is the former president「これは旧大統領です」(これはきゅうだいとうりょうです). The word '旧' is often used in formal or written contexts and carries a nuance of something being replaced or outdated.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1583

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Doubt

Reading

Kanji

疑Doubt, Suspect 問Question, Problem

Explanation

The Japanese noun '疑問 (ぎもん)' means 'doubt' or 'question'. It refers to a feeling of uncertainty or lack of conviction about something. This word is often used when someone is unsure about a fact, statement, or situation. For example: I have doubts about his story「彼の話に疑問を持っています」(かれのはなしにぎもんをもっています). There is no doubt that she is talented「彼女が才能があることに疑問はありません」(かのじょがさいのうがあることにぎもんはありません). The word can also be used in a more philosophical sense to express skepticism or inquiry, as in '疑問を抱く (ぎもんをいだく)' (to harbor doubts).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1585

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Swimming

Reading

Kanji

水Water 泳Swim

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '水泳 (すいえい)' means 'swimming'. It refers to the activity or sport of moving through water by using one's arms and legs. This word is commonly used in contexts related to sports, exercise, or recreational activities. For example: I like swimming「水泳が好きです」(すいえいがすきです). Swimming is good for health「水泳は健康に良い」(すいえいけんこうにいい). It can also be used in compound words, such as '水泳大会 (すいえいたいかい)' (swimming competition).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1587

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Air

Reading

Kanji

空Sky, Empty 気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '空気 (くうき)' primarily means 'air', referring to the invisible gaseous substance surrounding the earth. It is commonly used in everyday conversation to talk about the atmosphere or the air in a specific place. Additionally, '空気' can also metaphorically refer to the mood or atmosphere of a situation or environment. For example: The air is fresh here「ここは空気が新鮮だ」(ここはくうきがしんせんだ). The atmosphere in the room was tense「部屋の空気が緊張していた」(へやのくうきがきんちょうしていた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1588

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Last

Reading

Kanji

最Most 終End

Explanation

The Japanese noun '最終 (さいしゅう)' means 'last' or 'final'. It is commonly used to refer to the last or final instance of something, such as the last train, the final episode of a series, or the ultimate conclusion of an event. For example: the last train「最終電車」(さいしゅうでんしゃ). This is the final episode「これは最終回です」(これはさいしゅうかいです). The final decision will be made tomorrow「最終的な決定は明日行われます」(さいしゅうてきなけっていはあしたおこなわれます). Note that '最終' often carries a sense of definitiveness or conclusion, and it is frequently used in formal or structured contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1590

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Specification

Reading

Kanji

仕Serve 様Way, Form

Explanation

The Japanese noun '仕様 (しよう)' refers to a 'specification' or 'design'. It is commonly used in technical, engineering, or product development contexts to describe the detailed requirements, features, or parameters of a system, product, or process. For example: the specification of this machine is complex「この機械の仕様は複雑です」(このきかいのしようはふくざつです). We need to check the product specifications「製品の仕様を確認する必要があります」(せいひんのしようをかくにんするひつようがあります). The word can also imply the way something is designed or intended to function, as in '仕様書 (しようしょ)' (specification document).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1591

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Washroom

Reading

Kanji

洗Wash 面Face, Surface 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '洗面所 (せんめんじょ)' refers to a 'washroom' or 'bathroom sink area'. It is specifically used to describe the area where one washes their face, brushes their teeth, or performs other personal hygiene tasks. This term is commonly used in homes, hotels, and public facilities. For example: The washroom is on the first floor「洗面所は一階にあります」(せんめんじょはいっかいにあります). I left my toothbrush in the washroom「洗面所に歯ブラシを忘れました」(せんめんじょにはブラシをわすれました). Note that this term is distinct from 'トイレ (といれ)', which specifically refers to the toilet area.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1592

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Younger brother

Reading

Kanji

弟Younger brother

Explanation

The Japanese noun '弟 (おとうと)' means 'younger brother'. It specifically refers to a male sibling who is younger than the speaker. This term is commonly used in family contexts and is neutral in tone. For example: my younger brother is kind「私の弟は優しい」(わたしのおとうとはやさしい). I have a younger brother「私は弟がいます」(わたしはおとうとがいます). Note that '弟' is used only for younger brothers; older brothers are referred to as '兄 (あに)'. The term does not change based on the speaker's gender.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1593

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Garden

Reading

Kanji

庭Garden

Explanation

The Japanese noun '庭 (にわ)' means 'garden'. It refers to an outdoor area, typically adjacent to a house or building, that is cultivated with plants, flowers, or trees. This word is commonly used to describe both traditional Japanese gardens and more general garden spaces. For example: The garden is beautiful「庭がきれいです」(にわがきれいです). I play in the garden「庭で遊びます」(にわであそびます). It can also be used in compound words like '庭園 (ていえん)' (garden or park) or '家庭 (かてい)' (home or household), though the latter is unrelated to the meaning of 'garden'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1594

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Element, Factor

Reading

Kanji

要Important, Need 素Element

Explanation

The Japanese noun '要素 (ようそ)' can mean both 'element' and 'factor'. As 'element', it refers to a fundamental or essential part of something, often used in scientific or technical contexts. For example: Hydrogen is an important element「水素は重要な要素です」(すいそはじゅうようなようそです). As 'factor', it refers to something that contributes to a result or situation. For example: Hard work is a key factor for success「努力は成功の重要な要素です」(どりょくはせいこうのじゅうようなようそです). The word is versatile and can be used in various contexts, from chemistry to social sciences.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1598

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Note

Reading

Kanji

注Pour

Explanation

The Japanese noun '注 (ちゅう)' typically means 'note' or 'annotation'. It is often used in contexts where additional information or clarification is provided, such as in books, documents, or instructions. For example: please read the note at the bottom of the page「ページの下にある注を読んでください」(ぺーじのしたにあるちゅうをよんでください). The teacher added a note to the assignment「先生は課題に注を加えました」(せんせいはかだいにちゅうをくわえました). This word can also be used in compound words like '注釈 (ちゅうしゃく)' which means 'commentary' or 'footnote'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1604

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Refrigerator

Reading

Kanji

冷Cold 蔵Storehouse 庫Warehouse

Explanation

The Japanese noun '冷蔵庫 (れいぞうこ)' means 'refrigerator'. It refers to an electrical appliance used to store food and keep it cold or frozen. This word is commonly used in everyday life when discussing household items or food storage. For example: Please put the milk in the refrigerator「牛乳を冷蔵庫に入れてください」(ぎゅうにゅうをれいぞうこにいれてください). The refrigerator is broken「冷蔵庫が壊れている」(れいぞうこがこわれている). It's important to note that this word is a compound noun, with '冷蔵' meaning 'cold storage' and '庫' meaning 'storage house' or 'repository'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1606

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soil

Reading

Kanji

土Soil

Explanation

The Japanese noun '土 (つち)' primarily means 'soil' or 'earth'. It refers to the ground or dirt, often used in contexts related to gardening, farming, or nature. For example: the soil is fertile「土が肥えている」(つちがこえている). I planted flowers in the soil「土に花を植えた」(つちにはなをうえた). Additionally, '土' can sometimes refer to the ground in a more general sense, such as in the phrase '土の上 (つちのうえ)' meaning 'on the ground'. It is important to note that '土' is distinct from '地面 (じめん)', which specifically refers to the surface of the ground.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1608

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Matter, Substance

Reading

Kanji

物Thing 質Quality

Explanation

The Japanese noun '物質 (ぶっしつ)' refers to 'substance' or 'matter'. It is used to describe physical materials or the fundamental components that make up objects. This word is often used in scientific, philosophical, or everyday contexts to discuss the nature of physical entities. For example: This substance is dangerous「この物質は危険です」(このぶっしつはきけんです). Matter cannot be created or destroyed「物質は創造も破壊もできない」(ぶっしつはそうぞうもはかいもできない). The word can also be used in abstract contexts, such as discussing the 'substance' of an argument or idea.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1610

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gate

Reading

Kanji

門Gate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '門 (もん)' refers to a 'gate', typically a large, formal entrance to a building, temple, shrine, or estate. It often signifies a boundary or transition point between spaces. For example: The gate of the temple is beautiful「お寺の門は美しい」(おてらのもんはうつくしい). Please enter through the main gate「正面の門から入ってください」(しょうめんのもんからはいってください). In some contexts, '門' can also refer to a school of thought or a sect, but this usage is less common and more specialized.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1612

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Effect, Influence

Reading

Kanji

影Shadow 響Echo, Reverberate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '影響 (えいきょう)' primarily means 'influence' or 'effect'. It refers to the power or capacity to produce an effect on someone or something, or the result of such an effect. This word is often used in contexts involving social, environmental, or personal impacts. For example: His speech had a big influence on the audience「彼のスピーチは聴衆に大きな影響を与えた」(かれのスピーチはちょうしゅうにおおきなえいきょうをあたえた). The new policy will have a significant effect on the economy「新しい政策は経済に大きな影響を与えるだろう」(あたらしいせいさくはけいざいにおおきなえいきょうをあたえるだろう). It's important to note that '影響' can be used both positively and negatively, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1614

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Approximately, Before and after

Reading

Kanji

前Before, Front 後After, Behind

Explanation

The Japanese noun '前後 (ぜんご)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning refers to 'before and after,' indicating a sequence or time frame around an event. For example: The accident happened around 3 PM「事故は3時前後に起こった」(じこはさんじぜんごにおこった). The second meaning is 'approximately,' used to indicate an approximate time or quantity. For example: It will take approximately 10 minutes「10分前後かかります」(じゅっぷんぜんごかかります). Note that the context usually clarifies which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1617

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Box

Reading

Kanji

箱Box

Explanation

The Japanese noun '箱 (はこ)' means 'box'. It refers to a container, typically with a lid, used for storing or transporting items. This word is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as packaging, storage, or even metaphorically. For example: Please put it in the box「それを箱に入れてください」(それをはこにいれてください). This box is heavy「この箱は重い」(このはこはおもい). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '郵便箱 (ゆうびんばこ)' (mailbox) or '宝石箱 (ほうせきばこ)' (jewelry box).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1619

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Proactiveness

Reading

Kanji

積Accumulate 極Extreme, Pole

Explanation

The Japanese noun '積極 (せっきょく)' refers to a proactive or positive attitude towards taking action or engaging in activities. It is often used to describe someone who is enthusiastic, forward-thinking, or eager to take initiative. For example: His proactiveness is admirable「彼の積極は素晴らしい」(かれのせっきょくはすばらしい). We need more proactiveness in this project「このプロジェクトにはもっと積極が必要だ」(このプロジェクトにはもっとせっきょくがひつようだ). The term is commonly used in both personal and professional contexts to encourage or praise someone's willingness to act.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1620

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

State

Reading

Kanji

州State

Explanation

The Japanese noun '州 (しゅう)' refers to a 'state' or 'province', typically used in the context of administrative divisions within a country. It is commonly used to describe states in countries like the United States, such as California or Texas. For example: California is a state in the US「カリフォルニアはアメリカの州です」(かりふぉるにあはあめりかのしゅうです). Australia has six states「オーストラリアには6つの州があります」(おーすとらりあには6つのしゅうがあります). Note that '州' can also refer to regions or provinces in other contexts, but its primary meaning is 'state'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1621

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Criminal

Reading

Kanji

犯Crime 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '犯人 (はんにん)' refers to a 'criminal' or 'culprit', specifically someone who has committed a crime or wrongdoing. It is commonly used in legal, police, or investigative contexts. For example: The criminal was arrested「犯人は逮捕された」(はんにんはたいほされた). Who is the culprit?「犯人は誰ですか？」(はんにんはだれですか？). The word is neutral in tone and does not carry additional connotations unless specified by context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1624

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Edition, Version

Reading

Kanji

版Printing block, Edition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '版 (はん)' refers to an 'edition' or 'version' of something, such as a book, software, or media. It is commonly used to specify a particular release or iteration of a product. For example: This is the latest edition of the book「これは本の最新版です」(これはほんのさいしんばんです). The software version has been updated「ソフトウェアの版が更新されました」(ソフトウェアのはんがこうしんされました). Note that '版' can also refer to printing plates or blocks in traditional contexts, but this usage is less common in modern language.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1626

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unit

Reading

Kanji

単Simple, Single 位Rank

Explanation

The Japanese noun '単位 (たんい)' primarily means 'unit'. It is used to refer to a standard measurement, such as in science, mathematics, or everyday contexts. For example: The unit of length is the meter「長さの単位はメートルです」(ながさのたんいはメートルです). Additionally, in educational contexts, it can refer to academic credits: I need three more units to graduate「卒業するにはあと3単位必要です」(そつぎょうするにはあと3たんいひつようです). The word is versatile and widely used in both technical and casual settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1628

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Entry

Reading

Kanji

記Record 載Load, Publish

Explanation

The Japanese noun '記載 (きさい)' refers to the act of writing or recording information, or the information itself that is written or recorded. It is commonly used in formal contexts, such as in documents, forms, or official records. For example: Please check the entry on the form「フォームの記載を確認してください」(フォームのきさいをかくにんしてください). The details are clearly written in the document「詳細は書類に記載されています」(しょうさいはしょるいにかいさいされています). This word emphasizes the act of including specific information in a written format.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1630

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Secret

Reading

Kanji

秘Secret 密Secret, Dense

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '秘密 (ひみつ)' means 'secret'. It refers to something that is kept hidden or concealed from others, often because it is private, confidential, or sensitive. This word can be used to describe information, actions, or objects that are not meant to be disclosed. For example: This is a secret「これは秘密です」(これはひみつです). She told me her secret「彼女は秘密を教えてくれた」(かのじょはひみつをおしえてくれた). The word can also be used in compound phrases, such as '秘密の場所 (ひみつのばしょ)' (secret place) or '秘密を守る (ひみつをまもる)' (to keep a secret).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1631

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Even

Reading

Kanji

仮Temporary 令Orders

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '仮令 (たとえ)' is used to express a hypothetical or extreme condition, often translated as 'even if' or 'even though'. It is commonly used in conjunction with words like 'ても' or 'でも' to emphasize that the following statement holds true regardless of the condition. For example: Even if it rains, I will go「仮令雨が降っても、行きます」(たとえあめがふっても、いきます). Even though it's difficult, I won't give up「仮令難しくても、諦めない」(たとえむずかしくても、あきらめない). This word is often used in formal or literary contexts and carries a sense of strong determination or inevitability.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1632

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Debt

Reading

Kanji

債Debt 務Duty, Task

Explanation

The Japanese noun '債務 (さいむ)' refers to a financial obligation or debt. It is commonly used in legal, financial, or business contexts to describe liabilities or obligations that one party owes to another. For example: The company has a large debt「その会社は大きな債務を抱えている」(そのかいしゃはおおきなさいむをかかえている). He is responsible for paying the debt「彼は債務を支払う責任がある」(かれはさいむをしはらうせきにんがある). This term is often used in formal settings and is distinct from more casual terms for debt like '借金 (しゃっきん)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1634

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Concept

Reading

Kanji

概In general, Approximation 念Thought

Explanation

The Japanese noun '概念 (がいねん)' refers to an abstract idea or a general notion, often used in academic, philosophical, or technical contexts. It represents a mental construct that helps in understanding or categorizing something. For example: The concept of time is complex「時間の概念は複雑です」(じかんのがいねんはふくざつです). He explained the concept clearly「彼はその概念を明確に説明した」(かれはそのがいねんをめいかくにせつめいした). The word is commonly used in discussions about theories, ideas, or frameworks, and it carries a formal tone.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1635

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Both

Reading

Kanji

両Both

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '両 (りょう)' means 'both' and is used to refer to two items or groups collectively. It is often attached to nouns to indicate that both of the items or groups mentioned are included. For example: both parents「両親」(りょうしん). both countries「両国」(りょうこく). This suffix is commonly used in formal or written contexts and can also be found in compound words. It is important to note that '両' is typically used when referring to two distinct but related entities, emphasizing their combined consideration.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1636

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Construction

Reading

Kanji

建Build 設Set up, Establish

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '建設 (けんせつ)' means 'construction'. It refers to the process of building structures, such as buildings, bridges, or infrastructure. This word is often used in contexts related to urban development, engineering, or architecture. For example: The construction of the new bridge will start next month「新しい橋の建設は来月始まります」(あたらしいはしのけんせつはらいげつはじまります). The company specializes in the construction of skyscrapers「その会社は高層ビルの建設を専門としています」(そのかいしゃはこうそうビルのけんせつをせんもんとしています). Note that '建設' can also be used metaphorically to describe the building or establishment of abstract concepts, such as relationships or systems.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1638

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Palace, Shrine

Reading

Kanji

宮Palace

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '宮 (きゅう)' can mean either 'shrine' or 'palace', depending on the context. When referring to a shrine, it is often used in the names of Shinto shrines, such as '明治神宮 (めいじじんぐう)' (Meiji Shrine). When referring to a palace, it is used in the names of imperial palaces or residences, such as '皇居 (こうきょ)' (Imperial Palace). Example sentences: I visited the Meiji Shrine「明治神宮を訪れました」(めいじじんぐうをおとずれました). The Imperial Palace is in Tokyo「皇居は東京にあります」(こうきょはとうきょうにあります).

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1640

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Structure, Composition

Reading

Kanji

構Structure, Care 成Become

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '構成 (こうせい)' refers to the way something is composed or structured. It is often used to describe the arrangement or organization of elements within a system, document, artwork, or group. For example: the composition of this painting is unique「この絵の構成は独特だ」(このえのこうせいはどくとくだ). The structure of the team is well-balanced「チームの構成はバランスが取れている」(チームのこうせいはバランスがとれている). Note that '構成' can also be used in contexts like writing, music, or design to describe how parts are arranged to form a whole.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1641

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Moment

Reading

Kanji

瞬Blink, Flash 間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese noun '瞬間 (しゅんかん)' means 'moment'. It refers to a very brief period of time, often emphasizing the fleeting nature of an event or experience. This word is commonly used in both everyday conversation and literary contexts to describe a specific instant or a critical point in time. For example: That was the decisive moment「それが決定的な瞬間だった」(それがけっていてきなしゅんかんだった). I captured the moment in a photo「その瞬間を写真に収めた」(そのしゅんかんをしゃしんにおさめた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a significant or emotional instant, such as 'the moment of truth' or 'a moment of realization'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1643

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hall

Reading

Kanji

堂Hall

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '堂 (どう)' is commonly used to denote a hall or building, often associated with a specific purpose or establishment. It is frequently seen in the names of shops, temples, or public buildings. For example: a bookstore「本堂」(ほんどう), a temple hall「寺院の堂」(じいんのどう). This suffix can also be used in names of establishments, such as a bakery「パン屋の堂」(ぱんやのどう). It is important to note that '堂' is often used in a respectful or formal context, adding a sense of dignity or importance to the place it describes.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1644

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Symptom

Reading

Kanji

症Symptom 状Form, Condition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '症状 (しょうじょう)' means 'symptom'. It refers to a physical or mental condition that indicates the presence of a disease or disorder. This word is commonly used in medical contexts to describe signs of illness or health issues. For example: The symptoms of the flu are severe「インフルエンザの症状はひどい」(インフルエンザのしょうじょうはひどい). She showed symptoms of stress「彼女はストレスの症状を示した」(かのじょはストレスのしょうじょうをしめした). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe signs of problems in non-medical contexts, such as 'symptoms of a failing system'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1646

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Position

Reading

Kanji

位Rank 置Put

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '位置 (いち)' means 'position'. It refers to the place or location of something in space or in a particular arrangement. It can also refer to one's status or role in a group or organization. For example: the position of the chair「椅子の位置」(いすのいち). His position in the company is high「彼の会社での位置は高い」(かれのかいしゃでのいちはたかい). This word is often used in contexts involving physical placement, ranking, or situational status.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1647

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Divorce

Reading

Kanji

離Detach, Separate 婚Marriage

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '離婚 (りこん)' means 'divorce'. It refers to the legal dissolution of a marriage. This term is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to describe the act of ending a marital relationship. For example: They decided to get a divorce「彼らは離婚することに決めた」(かれらはりこんすることにきめた). Divorce rates are increasing「離婚率が増えている」(りこんりつがふえている). The word can also be used in compound phrases, such as '離婚届 (りこんとどけ)' (divorce papers).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1648

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Everyone

Reading

Kanji

全Whole, All 員Member

Explanation

The Japanese noun '全員 (ぜんいん)' means 'everyone' or 'all members'. It is used to refer to every person in a group or all members of a team, class, or organization. This word is often used in contexts where collective action or participation is emphasized. For example: Everyone is here「全員がここにいます」(ぜんいんがここにいます). All members attended the meeting「全員が会議に出席しました」(ぜんいんがかいぎにしゅっせきしました). Note that '全員' is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1650

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stop

Reading

Kanji

停Halt 車Car

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '停車 (ていしゃ)' means 'stop' and is specifically used in the context of vehicles, such as trains, buses, or cars, coming to a halt. It is often used in transportation-related contexts. For example: the train stopped at the station「電車が駅に停車した」(でんしゃがえきにていしゃした). The bus will stop here「バスはここで停車します」(バスはここでていしゃします). Note that '停車' is distinct from other words for stopping, as it specifically refers to the stopping of vehicles.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1651

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Confidence

Reading

Kanji

自Self 信Trust

Explanation

The Japanese noun '自信 (じしん)' means 'confidence'. It refers to a feeling of self-assurance or belief in one's own abilities, qualities, or judgment. This word is often used in contexts where someone is expressing their belief in their capacity to succeed or perform well. For example: I have confidence in my skills「私は自分のスキルに自信がある」(わたしはじぶんのスキルにじしんがある). She lost her confidence after the failure「彼女は失敗の後、自信を失った」(かのじょはしっぱいのあと、じしんをうしなった). It can also be used in negative forms to express a lack of confidence, such as '自信がない (じしんがない)' meaning 'to lack confidence'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1652

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Middle school

Reading

Kanji

中Center 学Learn

Explanation

The Japanese noun '中学 (ちゅうがく)' refers to 'middle school', which is the educational stage between elementary school and high school in Japan. It typically covers grades 7 to 9. This term is commonly used in educational contexts and when discussing school life. For example: I go to middle school「私は中学に行きます」(わたしはちゅうがくにいきます). My brother is in middle school「私の弟は中学です」(わたしのおとうとはちゅうがくです). The term is often used in combination with other words, such as '中学生 (ちゅうがくせい)' meaning 'middle school student'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1659

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Judgment

Reading

Kanji

判Judge, Stamp 断Decide, Cut off

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '判断 (はんだん)' means 'judgment' or 'decision'. It refers to the act of making a decision or forming an opinion after careful consideration. This word is often used in contexts where someone evaluates a situation or information to reach a conclusion. For example: I made a quick judgment「私はすぐに判断した」(わたしはすぐにはんだんした). His judgment was correct「彼の判断は正しかった」(かれのはんだんはただしかった). It can also be used in professional or formal settings, such as in legal or medical contexts, to describe the process of making a critical decision.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1662

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crosswalk

Reading

Kanji

横Sideways 断Decide, Cut off 歩Walk 道Way

Explanation

The Japanese noun '横断歩道 (おうだんほどう)' refers to a 'crosswalk', which is a designated area on a road where pedestrians can safely cross. It is typically marked with white stripes and often accompanied by traffic signals or signs. Example sentences: Please use the crosswalk「横断歩道を使ってください」(おうだんほどうをつかってください). The crosswalk is over there「横断歩道はあそこです」(おうだんほどうはあそこです). This word is commonly used in everyday conversations, especially when giving directions or discussing road safety.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1666

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Food, Meal

Reading

Kanji

食Eat, Food

Explanation

The Japanese noun '食 (しょく)' primarily refers to 'food' or 'meal'. It is a general term used to describe anything related to eating or nourishment. This word is often used in compound words to specify types of food or eating occasions, such as '朝食 (ちょうしょく)' meaning 'breakfast' or '外食 (がいしょく)' meaning 'eating out'. Example sentences include: I like Japanese food「私は日本食が好きです」(わたしはにほんしょくがすきです). We had a meal together「一緒に食事をしました」(いっしょにしょくじをしました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1667

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Greatly

Reading

Kanji

大Big 幅Width

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '大幅 (おおはば)' means 'greatly' or 'significantly'. It is used to describe a large or substantial change, difference, or extent. This word is often used in contexts involving adjustments, revisions, or shifts, such as in business, economics, or policy. For example: The company greatly increased its profits「会社は利益を大幅に増やした」(かいしゃはりえきをおおはばにふやした). The government significantly revised the policy「政府は政策を大幅に改定した」(せいふはせいさくをおおはばにかいていした). Note that '大幅' emphasizes the scale or degree of change, making it suitable for formal or impactful contexts.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1668

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Front

Reading

Kanji

正Correct 面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '正面 (しょうめん)' refers to the 'front' or 'front side' of something. It is commonly used to describe the main or direct facing side of an object, building, or even a person. For example: The front of the building is impressive「建物の正面は印象的です」(たてもののしょうめんはいんしょうてきです). He stood directly in front of me「彼は私の正面に立った」(かれはわたしのしょうめんにたった). This term can also be used metaphorically to describe facing a situation or challenge head-on, as in '正面から向き合う (しょうめんからむきあう)' which means 'to face something directly'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1669

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Height

Reading

Kanji

背Back, Height

Explanation

The Japanese noun '背 (せ)' primarily refers to 'height' or 'stature' of a person. It is commonly used to describe how tall someone is. For example: His height is impressive「彼の背は高い」(かれのせはたかい). Additionally, '背' can also refer to the 'back' of a person or an object, though this usage is less common in everyday conversation. For example: She has a straight back「彼女の背はまっすぐだ」(かのじょのせはまっすぐだ). The word is versatile but most frequently used in the context of physical height.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1671

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Air conditioning

Reading

Kanji

冷Cold 房Tassel, Chamber

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '冷房 (れいぼう)' refers to 'air conditioning' or specifically the cooling function of an air conditioning system. It is commonly used in contexts related to temperature control in buildings, vehicles, or other enclosed spaces. For example: Please turn on the air conditioning「冷房をつけてください」(れいぼうをつけてください). The air conditioning is too cold「冷房がききすぎている」(れいぼうがききすぎている). This term is often contrasted with '暖房 (だんぼう)', which refers to heating. It is widely used in daily life, especially during hot summer months in Japan.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1672

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Heating

Reading

Kanji

暖Warm 房Tassel, Chamber

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '暖房 (だんぼう)' refers to 'heating' or a 'heating system'. It is commonly used to describe the act of heating a space or the equipment used to provide warmth, such as heaters or central heating systems. This term is often used in contexts related to home appliances, buildings, or climate control. For example: The heating is on「暖房がついている」(だんぼうがついている). Please turn on the heating「暖房をつけてください」(だんぼうをつけてください). It is important to note that '暖房' specifically refers to heating and is distinct from '冷房 (れいぼう)', which means 'cooling' or 'air conditioning'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1674

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stationery

Reading

Kanji

文Sentence 房Tassel, Chamber 具Tool

Explanation

The Japanese noun '文房具 (ぶんぼうぐ)' refers to 'stationery' or 'writing materials'. This term encompasses items used for writing, drawing, or office work, such as pens, pencils, erasers, notebooks, and other similar tools. It is a common word in everyday Japanese, especially in contexts related to school, work, or office supplies. Example sentences: I bought new stationery「新しい文房具を買いました」(あたらしいぶんぼうぐをかいました). This store sells a variety of stationery「この店はいろいろな文房具を売っています」(このみせはいろいろなぶんぼうぐをうっています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1675

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Super

Reading

Kanji

超Surpass, Transcend

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '超 (ちょう)' means 'super' or 'ultra'. It is commonly used to emphasize or exaggerate the quality or degree of something. This prefix is often attached to nouns or adjectives to indicate that something is beyond the normal level. For example: super fast「超速い」(ちょうはやい). This ramen is super delicious「このラーメンは超美味しい」(このラーメンはちょうおいしい). It can also be used in casual conversation to express enthusiasm or excitement, such as '超楽しい (ちょうたのしい) (super fun)'. Note that '超' is informal and is often used in spoken language or casual writing.

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1676

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Many, Majority

Reading

Kanji

多Many 数Number

Explanation

The Japanese noun '多数 (たすう)' can mean 'majority' or 'many', depending on the context. When used to mean 'majority', it refers to the greater part or number of something, such as in a group or decision. For example: The majority agreed「多数が賛成した」(たすうがさんせいした). When used to mean 'many', it refers to a large number of items or people. For example: There are many books「多数の本がある」(たすうのほんがある). The word is often used in formal or written contexts and can be paired with particles like の or が to modify nouns or indicate subjects.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1678

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Document

Reading

Kanji

文Sentence 書Write

Explanation

The Japanese noun '文書 (ぶんしょ)' refers to a written or printed document. It is commonly used to describe official papers, records, or any written material that conveys information. For example: Please submit the document「文書を提出してください」(ぶんしょをていしゅつしてください). This document is important「この文書は重要です」(このぶんしょはじゅうようです). The term can also refer to digital documents in modern contexts, such as PDFs or Word files. It is a formal term and is often used in professional or bureaucratic settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1679

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Green

Reading

Kanji

緑Green 色Color

Explanation

The Japanese noun '緑色 (みどりいろ)' means 'green'. This word specifically refers to the color green, and is commonly used to describe objects, nature, or anything that is green in color. For example: the leaves are green「葉っぱは緑色です」(はっぱはみどりいろです). She is wearing a green dress「彼女は緑色のドレスを着ています」(かのじょはみどりいろのドレスをきています). It is important to note that '緑色' is a noun, and when used to describe something, it is often followed by the particle 'の' to modify a noun, as in '緑色の車 (みどりいろのくるま) (green car)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1681

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Trade

Reading

Kanji

貿Trade 易Easy

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '貿易 (ぼうえき)' refers to 'trade', specifically the exchange of goods and services between countries or regions. It is commonly used in contexts related to international commerce, economics, and business. For example: Japan trades with many countries「日本は多くの国と貿易をしている」(にほんはおおくのくにとぼうえきをしている). International trade is important for the economy「国際貿易は経済にとって重要だ」(こくさいぼうえきはけいざいにとってじゅうようだ). The term can also be used in compound words like '貿易会社 (ぼうえきがいしゃ)' (trading company) or '貿易赤字 (ぼうえきあかじ)' (trade deficit).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1682

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Red

Reading

Kanji

赤Red

Explanation

The Japanese noun '赤 (あか)' means 'red'. It refers to the color red and is commonly used to describe objects, emotions, or concepts associated with this color. For example: the apple is red「りんごは赤い」(りんごはあかい). The traffic light is red「信号は赤です」(しんごうはあかです). In some contexts, '赤' can also symbolize danger, passion, or importance, but its primary meaning remains the color red. Note that '赤い (あかい)' is the adjective form, while '赤 (あか)' is the noun form.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1683

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Import

Reading

Kanji

輸Transport 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '輸入 (ゆにゅう)' means 'import'. It refers to the act of bringing goods or services into a country from abroad for sale or use. This term is commonly used in economic and trade contexts. For example: Japan imports oil from the Middle East「日本は中東から石油を輸入する」(にほんはちゅうとうからせきゆをゆにゅうする). The company imports high-quality materials「その会社は高品質の材料を輸入する」(そのかいしゃはこうひんしつのざいりょうをゆにゅうする). It is often used in contrast with '輸出 (ゆしゅつ)', which means 'export'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1685

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

First

Reading

Kanji

一One 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一日 (ついたち)' specifically refers to the first day of the month. It is a unique term used in the context of dates and calendars. For example: Today is the first of January「今日は一月一日です」(きょうはいちがつついたちです). The meeting is scheduled for the first of next month「会議は来月の一日に予定されています」(かいぎはらいげつのついたちによていされています). Note that '一日' can also be read as 'いちにち' when referring to a period of one day, but in this context, we are focusing on the reading 'ついたち' which exclusively means the first day of the month.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1687

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Export

Reading

Kanji

輸Transport 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '輸出 (ゆしゅつ)' means 'export'. It refers to the act of sending goods or services to another country for sale or trade. This term is commonly used in economic, business, and trade contexts. For example: Japan exports cars「日本は車を輸出する」(にほんはくるまをゆしゅつする). The company exports electronics「その会社は電子機器を輸出する」(そのかいしゃはでんしききをゆしゅつする). The word can also be used in compound terms, such as '輸出業 (ゆしゅつぎょう)' (export industry).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1688

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Youth

Reading

Kanji

青Blue 年Year

Explanation

The Japanese noun '青年 (せいねん)' refers to a 'youth' or 'young man', typically in the age range of late teens to early thirties. It is often used to describe someone in the prime of their youth, emphasizing their energy, potential, and the transitional phase of life. This term carries a slightly formal tone and is commonly used in literature, news, or formal discussions. For example: The youth is full of dreams「青年は夢でいっぱいだ」(せいねんはゆめでいっぱいだ). He is a promising young man「彼は有望な青年だ」(かれはゆうぼうなせいねんだ). Note that '青年' is gender-neutral in meaning but is often associated with males in practice.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1690

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Review

Reading

Kanji

復Restore 習Learn

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '復習 (ふくしゅう)' means 'review' or 'revision'. It refers to the act of going over previously learned material to reinforce understanding or memory. This term is commonly used in educational contexts, such as studying for exams or practicing skills. For example: I will review the lesson「復習をします」(ふくしゅうをします). She reviewed her notes before the test「彼女はテスト前にノートを復習した」(かのじょはテストまえにノートをふくしゅうした). The word emphasizes the repetition of learning to ensure retention and mastery.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1693

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lifetime

Reading

Kanji

一One 生Life

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一生 (いっしょう)' refers to the entirety of a person's life, from birth to death. It is often used to express the concept of a lifetime or one's entire existence. This word can be used in various contexts, such as discussing lifelong commitments, achievements, or experiences. For example: He dedicated his lifetime to art「彼は一生を芸術に捧げた」(かれはいっしょうをげいじゅつにささげた). I will remember this for my lifetime「一生このことを覚えている」(いっしょうこのことをおぼえている). The word can also be used in phrases like '一生懸命 (いっしょうけんめい)', which means 'with all one's might' or 'very hard', emphasizing effort over a lifetime.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1695

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Study abroad

Reading

Kanji

留Stay, Detain 学Learn

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '留学 (りゅうがく)' refers to the act of studying abroad, typically in a foreign country for a certain period of time. It is commonly used in contexts where someone is pursuing education or research in a different country. For example: I want to study abroad in America「アメリカに留学したいです」(あめりかにりゅうがくしたいです). She is studying abroad in France「彼女はフランスに留学しています」(かのじょはふらんすにりゅうがくしています). The term is often associated with higher education but can also apply to language studies or specialized training programs.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1696

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Search

Reading

Kanji

検Examine 索Search, Rope

Explanation

The Japanese noun '検索 (けんさく)' means 'search'. It is commonly used in contexts related to looking up information, such as searching on the internet, in databases, or in documents. For example: I searched for the word「その言葉を検索した」(そのことばをけんさくした). Please search for the address「住所を検索してください」(じゅうしょをけんさくしてください). This term is widely used in technology and everyday contexts, especially in the digital age, where searching for information is a frequent activity.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1697

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stop

Reading

Kanji

停Halt 留Stay, Detain 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '停留所 (ていりゅうじょ)' refers to a 'stop', specifically a bus stop or tram stop. It is commonly used in the context of public transportation to indicate where buses or trams halt to pick up or drop off passengers. For example: The bus stop is over there「バスの停留所はあそこです」(ばすのていりゅうじょはあそこです). I will wait at the tram stop「路面電車の停留所で待ちます」(ろめんでんしゃのていりゅうじょでまちます). This word is essential for navigating public transportation systems in Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1698

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Registered mail

Reading

Kanji

書Write 留Stay, Detain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '書留 (かきとめ)' refers to 'registered mail,' a service offered by postal systems that provides proof of mailing and a detailed record of delivery. It is commonly used when sending important documents that require tracking and confirmation of receipt. Example sentences include: I will send this as registered mail 「これを書留で送ります」 (これをかきとめでおくります). Please send this letter by registered mail 「この手紙を書留で送ってください」 (このてがみをかきとめでおってください). This term is essential for anyone handling important mail in Japan, as it ensures the document's security and traceability.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1701

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shrine

Reading

Kanji

神God 社Company

Explanation

The Japanese noun '神社 (じんじゃ)' refers to a 'shrine', which is a sacred place in Shinto religion dedicated to the worship of kami (spirits or deities). Shrines are often characterized by their distinctive architecture, including torii gates, and are places for rituals, prayers, and festivals. For example: I visited a shrine「神社に行きました」(じんじゃにいきました). The shrine is old「その神社は古いです」(そのじんじゃはふるいです). Shrines play a significant role in Japanese culture and are commonly visited during New Year celebrations and other traditional events.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1703

Composition

kanji

Handwriting