Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Composition

word

Meaning

Curiosity

Reading

Kanji

好Like, Fond 奇Strange, Unusual

Explanation

The Japanese noun '好奇 (こうき)' means 'curiosity'. It refers to a strong desire to know or learn something, often about things that are unusual, mysterious, or unfamiliar. This word is commonly used in contexts where someone is intrigued or fascinated by something. For example: His curiosity was piqued by the strange object「彼の好奇はその奇妙な物にそそられた」(かれのこうきはそのきみょうなものにそそられた). Curiosity drives scientific discovery「好奇は科学の発見を駆り立てる」(こうきはかがくのはっけんをかりたてる). The word can also imply a sense of inquisitiveness or a thirst for knowledge.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6572

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sleeve

Reading

Kanji

袖Sleeve

Explanation

The Japanese noun '袖 (そで)' refers to the 'sleeve' of a piece of clothing. It is commonly used to describe the part of a garment that covers the arm. This word can also appear in idiomatic expressions or phrases, such as '袖を引く (そでをひく)', which means 'to tug at someone's sleeve' (often to get their attention). Example sentences: She rolled up her sleeves「彼女は袖をまくった」(かのじょはそでをまくった). The sleeves of this shirt are too long「このシャツの袖は長すぎる」(このシャツのそではながすぎる).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6573

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Superiority

Reading

Kanji

優Superior, Gentle 位Rank

Explanation

The Japanese noun '優位 (ゆうい)' means 'superiority' or 'advantage'. It is used to describe a state where one side or entity is in a better or more dominant position compared to another. This term is often used in competitive contexts, such as sports, business, or debates. For example: Our team has the advantage「私たちのチームが優位にある」(わたしたちのチームがゆういにある). The company maintained its superiority in the market「その会社は市場で優位を保った」(そのかいしゃはしじょうでゆういをたもった). The word can also be used in abstract contexts, such as moral or intellectual superiority.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6574

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Seal

Reading

Kanji

判Judge, Stamp 子Child

Explanation

The Japanese noun '判子 (はんこ)' refers to a personal or official seal used in Japan for signing documents, contracts, or other formal paperwork. It is a stamp typically made of wood, plastic, or stone, engraved with a person's name or a company's name in kanji. The use of a '判子' is deeply rooted in Japanese culture and is often required for legal and administrative purposes. For example: I need to stamp the document with my seal「書類に判子を押す必要があります」(しょるいにはんこをおすひつようがあります). This is my personal seal「これは私の判子です」(これはわたしのはんこです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6577

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Review, Criticism

Reading

Kanji

批Criticize 評Evaluate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '批評 (ひひょう)' can mean both 'criticism' and 'review'. It refers to the act of evaluating or analyzing something, often in a formal or detailed manner. This word is commonly used in contexts such as literary criticism, art reviews, or critiques of performances. For example: His criticism was harsh「彼の批評は厳しかった」(かれのひひょうはきびしかった). I read a review of the movie「その映画の批評を読んだ」(そのえいがのひひょうをよんだ). Note that while 'criticism' can sometimes carry a negative connotation, '批評' is generally neutral and focuses on analysis rather than judgment.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6578

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Antipathy

Reading

Kanji

反Anti 感Feeling, Sensation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '反感 (はんかん)' refers to a feeling of strong dislike, opposition, or hostility towards someone or something. It is often used to describe a negative emotional reaction, such as resentment or aversion, that arises in response to a person, idea, or situation. For example: He felt antipathy towards the new policy「彼は新しい政策に反感を持っていた」(かれはあたらしいせいさくにはんかんをもっていた). Her words caused widespread antipathy among the audience「彼女の言葉は聴衆の間に広い反感を引き起こした」(かのじょのことばはちょうしゅうのあいだにひろいはんかんをひきおこした). This term is commonly used in both personal and social contexts to express disapproval or opposition.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6579

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expectation, Prediction

Reading

Kanji

予Beforehand 想Concept

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '予想 (よそう)' can mean either 'prediction' or 'expectation', depending on the context. It refers to an act of foreseeing or anticipating something that might happen in the future. For example: His prediction was correct「彼の予想は正しかった」(かれのよそうはただしかった). We had high expectations for the event「私たちはそのイベントに高い予想をしていた」(わたしたちはそのイベントにたかいよそうをしていた). It is often used in contexts involving forecasts, such as weather predictions or market trends. The nuance can shift slightly depending on whether the focus is on a calculated guess (prediction) or a hopeful anticipation (expectation).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6580

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Conception, Imagination

Reading

Kanji

想Concept 像Image, Statue

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '想像 (そうぞう)' primarily means 'imagination' or 'conception'. It refers to the ability to form mental images or ideas of things not present to the senses or not previously known or experienced. It is often used in contexts discussing creativity, planning, or hypothesizing about future events or scenarios. For example: His imagination is boundless「彼の想像は無限だ」(かれのそうぞうはむげんだ). It's hard to conceive of such a situation「そんな状況を想像するのは難しい」(そんなじょうきょうをそうぞうするのはむずかしい). This word is commonly used in both everyday conversation and formal writing, highlighting its versatility in describing both creative and speculative thought processes.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6581

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Foreign

Reading

Kanji

外Outside 来Come

Explanation

The Japanese noun '外来 (がいらい)' primarily means 'foreign' or 'from outside'. It is often used in contexts related to things or concepts that originate from outside Japan or a specific system. For example, it is commonly used in medical contexts to refer to 'outpatient care' or 'external patients', as in '外来患者 (がいらいかんじゃ)' (outpatient). Another example is '外来語 (がいらいご)', which refers to 'loanwords' or words borrowed from foreign languages. Example sentences: This hospital has an outpatient department「この病院には外来がある」(このびょういんにはがいらいがある). Loanwords are common in Japanese「日本語には外来語が多い」(にほんごにはがいらいごがおおい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6582

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Desire

Reading

Kanji

願Request, Wish 望Hope, Ambition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '願望 (がんぼう)' means 'desire' or 'wish'. It refers to a strong feeling of wanting something or wishing for something to happen. This word is often used in formal or literary contexts to express deep aspirations or longings. For example: His desire for success is strong「彼の成功への願望は強い」(かれのせいこうへのがんぼうはつよい). She has a wish to travel the world「彼女は世界を旅したいという願望がある」(かのじょはせかいをたびしたいというがんぼうがある). The word can also be used in psychological contexts to describe subconscious desires or aspirations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6584

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Japan, Residing

Reading

Kanji

在Be, Exist 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '在日 (ざいにち)' refers to someone or something that is residing or staying in Japan, often used to describe foreign nationals or entities present in the country. It can also refer to the state of being in Japan. For example: He is residing in Japan「彼は在日です」(かれはざいにちです). The company has a branch in Japan「その会社は在日に支店がある」(そのかいしゃはざいにちにしてんがある). The term is commonly used in contexts discussing foreign residents or businesses operating within Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6585

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Directions

Reading

Kanji

四Four 方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '四方 (しほう)' refers to the four cardinal directions: north, south, east, and west. It is often used to describe the concept of all directions or the surrounding area. For example: He looked in all directions「彼は四方を見回した」(かれはしほうをみまわした). The wind blows from all directions「風が四方から吹く」(かぜがしほうからふく). This term can also be used metaphorically to indicate a comprehensive or all-encompassing view, as in 'considering all aspects'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6586

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shield

Reading

Kanji

盾Shield

Explanation

The Japanese noun '盾 (たて)' means 'shield'. This word refers to a piece of armor held in the hand or on the arm to protect against attacks. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something that provides protection or defense. For example: He raised his shield to block the attack「彼は盾を上げて攻撃を防いだ」(かれはたてをあげてこうげきをふせいだ). The law acts as a shield for citizens「法律は市民の盾となる」(ほうりつはしみんのたてとなる). In historical or fantasy contexts, '盾' is often associated with knights or warriors.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6587

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sheep

Reading

Kanji

羊Sheep

Explanation

The Japanese noun '羊 (ひつじ)' refers to the animal 'sheep'. This word is commonly used in contexts related to animals, farming, or even in idiomatic expressions. For example: The sheep is white「羊は白い」(ひつじはしろい). I saw a sheep in the field「畑で羊を見た」(はたけでひつじをみた). In Japanese culture, sheep are not as commonly referenced as in Western cultures, but they do appear in literature and art. The word can also be used metaphorically to describe someone who is meek or follows others without question, similar to the English idiom 'like a sheep'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6588

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Abstract

Reading

Kanji

抽Pluck, Extract 象Elephant, Phenomenon 的Target

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '抽象的 (ちゅうしょうてき)' means 'abstract'. It is used to describe concepts, ideas, or art that are not concrete or tangible, often requiring interpretation or imagination. For example: His explanation was too abstract「彼の説明は抽象的すぎた」(かれのせつめいはちゅうしょうてきすぎた). Modern art is often abstract「現代美術は抽象的であることが多い」(げんだいびじゅつはちゅうしょうてきであることがおおい). This word is commonly used in discussions about philosophy, art, or complex ideas.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6591

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Security, Guarantee

Reading

Kanji

保Preserve 障Hinder, Hurt

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '保障 (ほしょう)' primarily means 'guarantee' or 'security'. It refers to a promise or assurance that something will be provided or maintained, often in legal, financial, or social contexts. For example: The company provides a guarantee for its products「会社は製品に保障を提供します」(かいしゃはせいひんにほしょうをていきょうします). Social security is important for citizens「社会保障は市民にとって重要です」(しゃかいほしょうはしみんにとってじゅうようです). The word can also imply protection or assurance against risks, such as in insurance policies or contractual agreements.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6592

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Injury

Reading

Kanji

負Defeat 傷Wound, Injury

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '負傷 (ふしょう)' refers to an injury, typically physical, that someone sustains. It is often used in formal or medical contexts to describe wounds or harm to the body. For example: he suffered a serious injury「彼は重い負傷を負った」(かれはおもいふしょうをおった). The accident caused many injuries「その事故で多くの負傷者が出た」(そのじこでおおくのふしょうしゃがでた). Note that '負傷' is more formal than casual terms like 'けが (kega)' and is commonly used in news reports or official statements.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6594

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Conversion, Transformation

Reading

Kanji

変Change, Abnormal 換Exchange

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '変換 (へんかん)' primarily means 'conversion' or 'transformation'. It is used to describe the process of changing something from one form, state, or system to another. This term is commonly used in various contexts, such as technology, language, and everyday life. For example: converting a file format「ファイルを変換する」(ファイルをへんかんする). Transforming energy into electricity「エネルギーを電気に変換する」(エネルギーをでんきにへんかんする). The word can also be used metaphorically, such as transforming one's mindset「考え方を変換する」(かんがえかたをへんかんする). Note that while 'conversion' and 'transformation' are closely related, they are distinct enough to warrant separate meanings in this context.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6595

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Harmful

Reading

Kanji

有Exist 害Harm

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '有害 (ゆうがい)' means 'harmful'. It is used to describe something that has a detrimental or damaging effect. This term is often used in contexts related to health, environment, or substances. For example: Smoking is harmful to health「喫煙は健康に有害です」(きつえんはけんこうにゆうがいです). This chemical is harmful to the environment「この化学物質は環境に有害です」(このかがくぶっしつはかんきょうにゆうがいです). The word can also be used in a broader sense to describe anything that is detrimental, such as harmful information「有害な情報」(ゆうがいなじょうほう).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6598

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Early modern

Reading

Kanji

近Near 世World, Generation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '近世 (きんせい)' refers to the 'early modern' period in Japanese history, typically spanning from the late 16th century to the mid-19th century. This period includes the Edo period (1603-1868), characterized by the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and significant cultural, economic, and social developments. The term is often used in historical contexts to describe this era. For example: The early modern period was a time of peace「近世は平和な時代だった」(きんせいはいわなじだいだった). Many cultural traditions originated in the early modern period「多くの文化伝統は近世に始まった」(おおくのぶんかでんとうはきんせいにはじまった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6600

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Battery

Reading

Kanji

電Electricity 池Pond

Explanation

The Japanese noun '電池 (でんち)' means 'battery'. It refers to a device that stores chemical energy and converts it into electrical energy, commonly used to power electronic devices. This word is widely used in everyday contexts, such as discussing household items or electronics. For example: The battery is dead「電池が切れた」(でんちがきれた). I need to buy a new battery「新しい電池を買う必要がある」(あたらしいでんちをかうひつようがある). The word can also appear in compound terms, such as '乾電池 (かんでんち)' (dry cell battery) or '充電池 (じゅうでんち)' (rechargeable battery).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6601

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Variable

Reading

Kanji

変Change, Abnormal 数Number

Explanation

The Japanese noun '変数 (へんすう)' means 'variable'. This term is primarily used in mathematics, programming, and scientific contexts to refer to a quantity or value that can change or vary. For example: In programming, variables store data「プログラミングでは、変数がデータを保存する」(ぷろぐらみんぐでは、へんすうがでーたをほぞんする). The value of the variable changes「変数の値が変わる」(へんすうのあたいがかわる). It is important to note that this word is technical and is not commonly used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6602

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Private

Reading

Kanji

民People, Nation 営Manage

Explanation

The Japanese noun '民営 (みんえい)' refers to something being privately operated or managed, as opposed to being run by the government. It is often used in contexts related to businesses, services, or facilities that are privately owned and operated. For example: This hospital is privately run「この病院は民営です」(このびょういんはみんえいです). The railway is privately managed「その鉄道は民営です」(そのてつどうはみんえいです). The term emphasizes the distinction between private and public sectors.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6603

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Archipelago

Reading

Kanji

列File 島Island

Explanation

The Japanese noun '列島 (れっとう)' refers to an 'archipelago', which is a chain or cluster of islands. This term is often used in geographical contexts to describe a group of islands that are closely scattered in a body of water. For example: Japan is an archipelago「日本は列島です」(にほんはれっとうです). The Ryukyu Islands form an archipelago「琉球諸島は列島を形成しています」(りゅうきゅうしょとうはれっとうをけいせいしています). The word emphasizes the interconnectedness of the islands within a specific geographical area.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6604

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ronin, Masterless

Reading

Kanji

浪Wander, Billow 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '浪人 (ろうにん)' primarily refers to a 'ronin', which historically denotes a samurai without a master or lord during the feudal period in Japan. This term is also used metaphorically in modern contexts to describe someone who is unemployed or has not yet entered a university after failing entrance exams. For example: He became a ronin after his master died「彼は主人が亡くなった後、浪人になった」(かれはしゅじんがなくなったあと、ろうにんになった). Many students become ronin after failing their exams「多くの学生が試験に失敗した後、浪人になる」(おおくのがくせいがしけんにしっぱいしたあと、ろうにんになる). The term carries a connotation of being in a transitional or uncertain state, often with a sense of striving for a new beginning or goal.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6605

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Minutes

Reading

Kanji

分Minute, Part 間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '分間 (ぶんかん)' is used to indicate a duration of time in minutes. It is attached to a number to specify how many minutes something lasts or takes. For example: 10 minutes「10分間」(じゅっぷんかん). I waited for 30 minutes「30分間待った」(さんじゅっぷんかんまった). This suffix is commonly used in everyday conversation to talk about time durations, such as in schedules, cooking times, or waiting periods.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6606

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Harmless

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 害Harm

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '無害 (むがい)' means 'harmless'. It is used to describe something that does not cause harm or damage. This term can be applied to substances, actions, or even people. For example: This chemical is harmless「この化学物質は無害です」(このかがくぶっしつはむがいです). The joke was harmless「その冗談は無害だった」(そのじょうだんはむがいだった). It is often used in contexts where safety or lack of negative impact is emphasized, such as in environmental discussions or product descriptions.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6607

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Destruction

Reading

Kanji

破Break, Tear 壊Demolition, Break down

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '破壊 (はかい)' means 'destruction'. It refers to the act of destroying or causing severe damage to something, whether physical objects, structures, or abstract concepts like relationships or systems. It is often used in contexts involving force, violence, or significant change. For example: The earthquake caused massive destruction「地震が大規模な破壊を引き起こした」(じしんがだいきぼなはかいをひきおこした). The company's reputation was destroyed「会社の評判は破壊された」(かいしゃのひょうばんははかいされた). Note that '破壊' can also be used metaphorically, such as in '破壊的なアイデア (はかいてきなアイデア)' (destructive idea), where it implies challenging or dismantling existing norms.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6608

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flashy

Reading

Kanji

派Sect, Faction 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '派手 (はで)' means 'flashy' or 'showy'. It is used to describe something that is visually striking, often in a bold or extravagant way. This can refer to clothing, decorations, behavior, or even events. For example: Her dress is very flashy「彼女のドレスはとても派手だ」(かのじょのドレスはとてもはでだ). The party decorations were too showy「パーティーの飾り付けが派手すぎた」(パーティーのかざりつけがはですぎた). The word can carry both positive and negative connotations depending on the context, sometimes implying a lack of subtlety or refinement.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6609

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Police box

Reading

Kanji

派Sect, Faction 出Exit 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '派出所 (はしゅつじょ)' refers to a small local police station or police box, commonly found in neighborhoods across Japan. These are used for community policing, providing assistance, and handling minor incidents. They are often staffed by one or a few officers and serve as a point of contact for residents. Example sentences: There is a police box near the station「駅の近くに派出所があります」(えきのちかくにはしゅつじょがあります). I asked for directions at the police box「派出所で道を聞きました」(はしゅつじょでみちをききました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6610

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gap

Reading

Kanji

格Status 差Difference

Explanation

The Japanese noun '格差 (かくさ)' refers to a 'gap' or 'disparity', often used in the context of social, economic, or educational differences. It highlights the inequality or difference in status, income, or opportunities between groups or individuals. For example: the income gap is widening「所得格差が広がっている」(しょとくかくさがひろがっている). There is a significant gap in educational opportunities「教育機会の格差が大きい」(きょういくきかいのかくさがおおきい). This term is frequently used in discussions about social issues, policy-making, and economic analysis.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6612

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Study

Reading

Kanji

書Write 房Tassel, Chamber

Explanation

The Japanese noun '書房 (しょぼう)' refers to a study or a room where one reads, writes, or engages in scholarly activities. It is often associated with a private space for intellectual work, such as a home office or a personal library. For example: He spends hours in his study「彼は書房で何時間も過ごす」(かれはしょぼうでなんじかんもすごす). The study is filled with books「書房には本がたくさんある」(しょぼうにはほんがたくさんある). This term is somewhat formal and is less commonly used in everyday conversation, often replaced by more modern terms like '書斎 (しょさい)' or 'スタディルーム'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6613

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Warehouse

Reading

Kanji

倉Warehouse 庫Warehouse

Explanation

The Japanese noun '倉庫 (そうこ)' refers to a 'warehouse', a large building used for storing goods. It is commonly used in contexts related to logistics, storage, and business. For example: The warehouse is full「倉庫がいっぱいです」(そうこがいっぱいです). They built a new warehouse「新しい倉庫を建てました」(あたらしいそうこをたてました). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe a place where something is stored in large quantities, such as a 'warehouse of knowledge'「知識の倉庫」(ちしきのそうこ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6614

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clarification

Reading

Kanji

判Judge, Stamp 明Bright

Explanation

The Japanese noun '判明 (はんめい)' refers to the act of something becoming clear or being clarified. It is often used in contexts where details, facts, or truths are revealed or discovered. For example: The cause of the accident was clarified「事故の原因が判明した」(じこのげんいんがはんめいした). The truth about the incident became clear「事件の真相が判明した」(じけんのしんそうがはんめいした). This term is commonly used in formal or investigative contexts, emphasizing the process of uncovering information.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6615

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dispatch, Temporary

Reading

Kanji

派Sect, Faction 遣Use, Dispatch

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '派遣 (はけん)' primarily means 'dispatch' or 'temporary'. It is commonly used in the context of employment, referring to the practice of sending workers to different companies on a temporary basis. For example: The company dispatched temporary staff「会社は派遣社員を送り出した」(かいしゃははけんしゃいんをおくりだした). She works as a temporary employee「彼女は派遣社員として働いている」(かのじょははけんしゃいんとしてはたらいている). The term can also be used more broadly to refer to the act of sending someone or something to a particular place or for a particular purpose, such as dispatching a team for a mission「チームを派遣する」(チームをはけんする).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6620

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Atomic bomb

Reading

Kanji

原Meadow, Original 爆Burst, Explode

Explanation

The Japanese noun '原爆 (げんばく)' refers to an 'atomic bomb'. This term is historically significant, particularly in the context of World War II, when atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The word is often used in discussions about history, war, and peace. For example: The atomic bomb caused immense destruction「原爆は甚大な被害をもたらした」(げんばくはじんだいなひがいをもたらした). We must never forget the tragedy of the atomic bomb「原爆の悲劇を忘れてはならない」(げんばくのひげきをわすれてはならない). The term carries a heavy emotional weight and is often associated with themes of suffering and the importance of peace.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6624

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Surname

Reading

Kanji

姓Surname, Family name

Explanation

The Japanese noun '姓 (せい)' refers to a person's surname or family name. It is used in formal contexts, such as legal documents, official records, or when addressing someone respectfully. For example: What is your surname?「あなたの姓は何ですか？」(あなたのせいなんですか). His surname is Tanaka「彼の姓は田中です」(かれのせいはたなかです). The word '姓' is often paired with '名 (めい)', which means 'given name', to refer to a person's full name, as in '姓名 (せいめい)'. This term is more formal than the casual word for surname, '名字 (みょうじ)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6625

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Perception

Reading

Kanji

知Know 覚Remember, Awake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '知覚 (ちかく)' refers to 'perception', the process of recognizing and interpreting sensory information. It is often used in contexts related to psychology, philosophy, or everyday experiences involving the senses. For example: His perception of colors is unique「彼の色の知覚は独特だ」(かれのいろのちかくはどくとくだ). The study focuses on visual perception「その研究は視覚の知覚に焦点を当てている」(そのけんきゅうはしかくのちかくにしょうてんをあてている). This word can also imply awareness or consciousness in certain contexts, such as in '知覚の欠如 (ちかくのけつじょ) (lack of perception)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6626

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Job change

Reading

Kanji

転Revolve 職Employment

Explanation

The Japanese noun '転職 (てんしょく)' refers to the act of changing one's job or career. It is commonly used when someone leaves their current job to start a new one, often in a different company or field. This term is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: I am thinking about changing jobs「転職を考えています」(てんしょくをかんがえています). He successfully changed jobs last year「彼は去年転職に成功しました」(かれはきょねんてんしょくにせいこうしました). The word is often associated with career development or seeking better opportunities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6627

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Challenge

Reading

Kanji

挑Challenge 戦Fight, War

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '挑戦 (ちょうせん)' means 'challenge'. It refers to the act of taking on a difficult task, problem, or opponent, often with the intention of overcoming it. This word is commonly used in contexts such as sports, personal goals, or professional endeavors. For example: He accepted the challenge「彼は挑戦を受け入れた」(かれはちょうせんをうけいれた). I want to challenge myself「自分自身に挑戦したい」(じぶんじしんにちょうせんしたい). The nuance of '挑戦' often implies courage and determination to face something difficult or new.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6635

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Defeat

Reading

Kanji

敗Defeat 戦Fight, War

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '敗戦 (はいせん)' means 'defeat' or 'losing a war'. It is commonly used to refer to a military defeat, particularly in the context of wars or battles. However, it can also be used metaphorically to describe a significant loss in other areas, such as sports or competitions. For example: Japan experienced defeat in World War II「日本は第二次世界大戦で敗戦を経験した」(にほんはだいにじせかいたいせんではいせんをけいけんした). The team suffered a crushing defeat「チームは惨敗を喫した」(チームはざんぱいをきっした). Note that '敗戦' carries a formal tone and is often used in historical or serious contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6636

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Area

Reading

Kanji

一One 帯Belt, Wear

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一帯 (いったい)' refers to a specific area or region, often implying a continuous or connected expanse. It is commonly used to describe a geographical area, such as a neighborhood, district, or even a broader region. For example: this area is famous for its cherry blossoms「この一帯は桜で有名です」(このいったいはさくらでゆうめいです). The entire area was affected by the flood「一帯が洪水の影響を受けました」(いったいがこうずいのえいきょうをうけました). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a range or scope of something, such as a field of study or influence.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6640

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Interference, Meddling

Reading

Kanji

干Dry 渉Have relations with, Ford

Explanation

The Japanese noun '干渉 (かんしょう)' primarily means 'interference' or 'meddling'. It refers to the act of involving oneself in someone else's affairs without being asked, often in a way that is unwelcome. This word can be used in various contexts, such as politics, personal relationships, or even physics (e.g., wave interference). For example: His interference caused more problems「彼の干渉が問題を引き起こした」(かれのかんしょうがもんだいをひきおこした). Stop meddling in my business「私のことに干渉しないで」(わたしのことにかんしょうしないで). The term carries a slightly negative connotation, implying that the interference is unwanted or disruptive.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6641

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

True form, Identity

Reading

Kanji

正Correct 体Body

Explanation

The Japanese noun '正体 (しょうたい)' refers to someone's true form or identity, often used in contexts where something or someone is not what they appear to be. It can be used in both literal and metaphorical senses, such as revealing the true nature of a person, creature, or situation. For example: The monster revealed its true form「その怪物は正体を現した」(そのかいぶつはしょうたいをあらわした). I finally discovered his identity「彼の正体をついに突き止めた」(かれのしょうたいをついにつきとめた). This word is commonly used in mystery, fantasy, or dramatic contexts to emphasize the unveiling of hidden truths.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6642

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Monk

Reading

Kanji

僧Bonze, Buddhist priest 侶Follower, Companion

Explanation

The Japanese noun '僧侶 (そうりょ)' refers to a Buddhist monk or priest. This term is used to describe individuals who have dedicated their lives to religious practice within Buddhism, often living in temples and following a strict set of spiritual and ethical guidelines. For example: The monk is meditating「僧侶は瞑想しています」(そうりょはめいそうしています). The temple is home to many monks「その寺には多くの僧侶がいます」(そのてらにはおおくのそうりょがいます). It's important to note that '僧侶' specifically refers to Buddhist clergy and does not apply to religious figures in other traditions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6643

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recently

Reading

Kanji

近Near 頃Approximate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '近頃 (ちかごろ)' means 'recently' or 'lately'. It is used to refer to a period of time that is close to the present, often implying a sense of change or something new. This word is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts. For example: I've been busy recently「近頃忙しいです」(ちかごろいそがしいです). The weather has been strange lately「近頃天気が変です」(ちかごろてんきがへんです). Note that '近頃' can sometimes carry a nuance of reflecting on a change or trend over a short period of time.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6644

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Integration

Reading

Kanji

統Unite 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '統合 (とうごう)' means 'integration'. It refers to the process of combining or unifying separate elements into a single, cohesive whole. This term is often used in contexts such as organizational mergers, system integrations, or the unification of ideas. For example: The integration of the two companies was successful「二つの会社の統合は成功した」(ふたつのかいしゃのとうごうはせいこうした). The system integration improved efficiency「システムの統合で効率が向上した」(システムのとうごうでこうりつがこうじょうした). Note that '統合' is commonly used in both technical and non-technical contexts to describe the merging of systems, organizations, or concepts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6651

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unification

Reading

Kanji

統Unite 一One

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '統一 (とういつ)' means 'unification'. It refers to the act of combining or integrating separate elements into a single, cohesive whole. This term is often used in contexts such as politics, organizations, or systems where disparate parts are brought together under a common framework or authority. For example: The unification of the two companies was successful「二つの会社の統一は成功した」(ふたつのかいしゃのとういつはせいこうした). The country aims for national unification「その国は国家統一を目指している」(そのくにはこっかとういつをめざしている). It can also be used in abstract contexts, such as unifying ideas or theories.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6652

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Statistics

Reading

Kanji

統Unite 計Measure, Plan

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '統計 (とうけい)' refers to 'statistics'. It is used to describe the collection, analysis, interpretation, presentation, and organization of data. This term is commonly used in academic, scientific, and business contexts. For example: The statistics show an increase in population「統計は人口の増加を示している」(とうけいはじんこうのぞうかをしめしている). We need to analyze the statistics「統計を分析する必要がある」(とうけいをぶんせきするひつようがある). The word can also be used in compound terms like '統計学 (とうけいがく)' which means 'statistics (as a field of study)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6653

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Integration

Reading

Kanji

総General, Total 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '総合 (そうごう)' means 'integration' or 'comprehensive synthesis'. It refers to the act of combining or unifying various elements into a coherent whole. This term is often used in contexts such as education, business, and research, where multiple aspects or disciplines are brought together. For example: The university offers a comprehensive program「大学は総合的なプログラムを提供しています」(だいがくはそうごうてきなプログラムをていきょうしています). The company aims for the integration of technology and design「会社は技術とデザインの総合を目指しています」(かいしゃはぎじゅつとデザインのそうごうをめざしています).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6654

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Total

Reading

Kanji

総General, Total 数Number

Explanation

The Japanese noun '総数 (そうすう)' means 'total' or 'total number'. It is used to refer to the sum or aggregate of a set of items, people, or things. This word is often used in formal or statistical contexts. For example: the total number of participants is 100「参加者の総数は100です」(さんかしゃのそうすうはひゃくです). The total population of the city is 500,000「その都市の総人口は50万です」(そのとしのそうじんこうはごじゅうまんです). Note that '総数' is typically used for countable quantities and emphasizes the overall sum.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6655

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Investigation

Reading

Kanji

捜Search 査Investigate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '捜査 (そうさ)' refers to the act of investigating, particularly in a legal or criminal context. It is commonly used to describe police investigations or official inquiries into crimes or incidents. For example: The police are conducting an investigation「警察が捜査をしている」(けいさつがそうさをしている). The investigation into the case is ongoing「その事件の捜査は続いている」(そのじけんのそうさはつづいている). This term is often used in formal or official settings, and it emphasizes the systematic and thorough nature of the investigation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6656

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discomfort

Reading

Kanji

違Differ, Different 和Peace

Explanation

The Japanese noun '違和 (いわ)' refers to a sense of discomfort, unease, or incongruity. It is often used to describe a feeling that something is out of place or not quite right, whether physically, emotionally, or situationally. For example: I felt a sense of discomfort in the new environment「新しい環境に違和を感じた」(あたらしいかんきょうにいわをかんじた). There was an incongruity in his explanation「彼の説明に違和があった」(かれのせつめいにいわがあった). This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to express a subtle sense of something being off or not harmonious.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6657

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Seat

Reading

Kanji

座Sit, Seat 席Seat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '座席 (ざせき)' refers to a 'seat'. This term is commonly used in contexts such as theaters, airplanes, trains, or any place where seating arrangements are provided. For example: Please take your seat「どうぞ座席にお座りください」(どうぞざせきにおすわりください). The seat is reserved「その座席は予約済みです」(そのざせきはよやくずみです). It's important to note that '座席' specifically refers to the physical seat itself, not the act of sitting.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6658

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Carbon

Reading

Kanji

炭Charcoal 素Element

Explanation

The Japanese noun '炭素 (たんそ)' refers to the chemical element 'carbon'. It is commonly used in scientific, environmental, and industrial contexts. Carbon is a fundamental element in organic chemistry and is essential for life. Example sentences: Carbon is an essential element for life「炭素は生命にとって不可欠な元素です」(たんそはせいめいにとってふかけつなげんそです). This material contains carbon「この材料には炭素が含まれています」(このざいりょうにはたんそがふくまれています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6661

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Postcard

Reading

Kanji

葉Leaf 書Write

Explanation

The Japanese noun '葉書 (はがき)' refers to a 'postcard'. It is a rectangular piece of thick paper or thin cardboard intended for writing and mailing without an envelope. Postcards are often used for short messages, greetings, or as souvenirs. They typically feature a picture or design on one side and space for a message, address, and stamp on the other. Example sentences: I bought a postcard at the souvenir shop「おみやげやで葉書を買いました」(おみやげやではがきをかいました). Please send me a postcard from your trip「旅行から葉書を送ってください」(りょこうからはがきをおくってください).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6663

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Paragraph

Reading

Kanji

段Step, Stairs 落Fall

Explanation

The Japanese noun '段落 (だんらく)' refers to a 'paragraph', a distinct section of a piece of writing, typically dealing with a single theme and indicated by a new line, indentation, or numbering. It is commonly used in both written and spoken Japanese to refer to sections of text. For example: Please read the next paragraph「次の段落を読んでください」(つぎのだんらくをよんでください). This paragraph is difficult to understand「この段落は理解しにくい」(このだんらくはりかいしにくい). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe phases or stages in a process or story.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6669

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Failure, Flunking

Reading

Kanji

落Fall 第Ordinal number

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '落第 (らくだい)' refers to failing or flunking, particularly in an academic context. It is commonly used to describe failing an exam, a course, or not meeting the required standards to advance to the next level. For example: He failed the exam「彼は試験に落第した」(かれはしけんにらくだいした). If you don't study, you'll flunk「勉強しないと落第するよ」(べんきょうしないとらくだいするよ). This term carries a strong connotation of not meeting expectations and is often used in educational settings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6671

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Physical education

Reading

Kanji

体Body 育Raise, Grow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '体育 (たいいく)' refers to 'physical education'. It is commonly used in the context of school education, where students engage in physical activities and sports as part of their curriculum. For example: We have physical education today「今日は体育があります」(きょうはたいいくがあります). Physical education is important for health「体育は健康に重要です」(たいいくはけんこうにじゅうようです). The term emphasizes the educational aspect of physical activities, distinguishing it from casual exercise or sports.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6673

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Night

Reading

Kanji

夜Night 間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夜間 (やかん)' refers to the time period of 'night'. It is commonly used to describe activities, services, or events that occur during the nighttime. For example: The library is open at night「図書館は夜間開いています」(としょかんはやかんあいています). Nighttime security is important「夜間の警備は重要です」(やかんのけいびはじゅうようです). This word is often used in formal or specific contexts, such as '夜間営業 (やかんえいぎょう)' (nighttime business hours) or '夜間学校 (やかんがっこう)' (night school).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6676

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Association

Reading

Kanji

連Take along 想Concept

Explanation

The Japanese noun '連想 (れんそう)' means 'association'. It refers to the mental connection or link between ideas, memories, or concepts. This word is often used in contexts where one thing reminds you of another, such as in psychology, creative thinking, or everyday conversation. For example: This song brings back memories「この曲は連想を呼び起こす」(このきょくはれんそうをよびおこす). The word 'red' often leads to the association of 'apple'「『赤』という言葉は『りんご』の連想を引き起こす」(『あか』ということばは『りんご』のれんそうをひきおこす). It can also be used in phrases like '連想ゲーム (れんそうゲーム)' (association game), where participants connect words based on their associations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6677

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Distribution

Reading

Kanji

流Flow 通Commute, Pass

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '流通 (りゅうつう)' refers to the process of distributing goods, products, or information. It is commonly used in contexts related to commerce, logistics, and economics. For example: The distribution of goods is efficient「商品の流通が効率的だ」(しょうひんのりゅうつうがこうりつてきだ). Information flows quickly in this network「このネットワークでは情報の流通が速い」(このネットワークではじょうほうのりゅうつうがはやい). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe the circulation of ideas or trends.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6679

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Middle class

Reading

Kanji

中Center 流Flow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '中流 (ちゅうりゅう)' refers to the 'middle class' in a socioeconomic context. It is commonly used to describe a social class that is neither wealthy nor poor, often characterized by moderate income and lifestyle. This term can be used in discussions about society, economics, or personal status. For example: They belong to the middle class「彼らは中流です」(かれらはちゅうりゅうです). The middle class is shrinking「中流が縮小している」(ちゅうりゅうがしゅくしょうしている). Note that '中流' can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is average or moderate in quality or status, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6680

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Second rate

Reading

Kanji

二Two 流Flow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '二流 (にりゅう)' refers to something or someone that is considered 'second-rate' or of lower quality compared to the best or top-tier. It is often used to describe things, people, or groups that are not at the highest level of excellence or prestige. For example: he is a second-rate artist「彼は二流の芸術家だ」(かれはにりゅうのげいじゅつかだ). This restaurant is second-rate「このレストランは二流だ」(このレストランはにりゅうだ). The term can carry a slightly negative connotation, implying mediocrity or lack of distinction.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6682

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Own company

Reading

Kanji

自Self 社Company

Explanation

The Japanese noun '自社 (じしゃ)' refers to 'one's own company' or 'the company one belongs to'. It is commonly used in business contexts to distinguish one's own company from others, such as competitors or partners. For example: We will use our own company's products「自社の製品を使います」(じしゃのせいひんをつかいます). The decision was made by our own company「その決定は自社で行われました」(そのけっていはじしゃでおこなわれました). This term is often used in corporate discussions, marketing, and internal communications to emphasize actions or decisions made internally.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6685

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Master

Reading

Kanji

師Master, Expert 匠Artisan, Craftsman

Explanation

The Japanese noun '師匠 (ししょう)' refers to a 'master' or 'teacher', particularly in the context of traditional arts, crafts, or skills. It is used to denote someone who has achieved a high level of expertise and is qualified to teach others. This term carries a sense of respect and is often used in fields such as martial arts, tea ceremony, calligraphy, or music. For example: my master is very skilled「私の師匠はとても上手です」(わたしのししょうはとてもじょうずです). He became a master of calligraphy「彼は書道の師匠になりました」(かれはしょどうのししょうになりました). The term emphasizes the hierarchical relationship between the teacher and the student, and it is often used with a tone of reverence.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6686

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Consultation

Reading

Kanji

受Accept 診Examine a patient, Diagnose

Explanation

The Japanese noun '受診 (じゅしん)' refers to the act of receiving a medical consultation or examination. It is commonly used in contexts related to healthcare, such as visiting a doctor or undergoing a medical check-up. For example: I had a medical consultation today「今日は受診しました」(きょうはじゅしんしました). It's important to schedule a consultation「受診の予約を取ることが大切です」(じゅしんのよやくをとることがたいせつです). This term is often used in formal or medical settings and emphasizes the patient's action of seeking medical attention.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6687

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Misery

Reading

Kanji

悲Sad 惨Cruel, Wretched

Explanation

The Japanese noun '悲惨 (ひさん)' means 'misery' or 'tragedy'. It is used to describe a state of extreme unhappiness, suffering, or distress, often due to unfortunate events or circumstances. This word carries a strong emotional weight and is typically used in serious contexts, such as describing the aftermath of a disaster, a tragic story, or a dire situation. For example: The misery after the earthquake was unbearable「地震後の悲惨は耐えられなかった」(じしんごのひさんはたえられなかった). The tragedy of war left the country in ruins「戦争の悲惨が国を廃墟にした」(せんそうのひさんがくにをはいきょにした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6688

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Climate

Reading

Kanji

風Wind, Style 土Soil

Explanation

The Japanese noun '風土 (ふうど)' refers to the natural environment and climate of a particular region, including its weather, geography, and how these factors influence the local culture and lifestyle. It is often used in discussions about regional characteristics or how the environment shapes traditions. For example: The climate of this region is unique「この地域の風土は独特だ」(このちいきのふうどはどくとくだ). The local culture is deeply connected to its climate「その土地の文化は風土と深く結びついている」(そのとちのぶんかはふうどとふかくむすびついている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6689

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Legal

Reading

Kanji

法Law, Method 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '法定 (ほうてい)' refers to something that is established or prescribed by law. It is often used in contexts related to legal standards, requirements, or procedures. For example: the legal age for drinking is 20「法定飲酒年齢は20歳です」(ほうていいんしゅねんれいははたちです). The legal holiday is determined by the government「法定休日は政府によって決められます」(ほうていきゅうじつはせいふによってきめられます). This term is commonly used in legal, administrative, and official contexts to denote something that is mandated by law.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6691

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Epidemic, Trend

Reading

Kanji

流Flow 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '流行 (りゅうこう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'trend', referring to something that is currently popular or fashionable. For example: This hairstyle is trending now「このヘアスタイルが今流行している」(このヘアスタイルがいまりゅうこうしている). The second meaning is 'epidemic', referring to the rapid spread of a disease. For example: The flu is spreading rapidly「インフルエンザが流行している」(インフルエンザがりゅうこうしている). The context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended, but both meanings are widely used in everyday conversation and media.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6693

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Washing

Reading

Kanji

洗Wash 面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '洗面 (せんめん)' refers to the act of washing one's face or the area where one washes their face, such as a washbasin. It is commonly used in contexts related to personal hygiene and daily routines. For example: I washed my face「洗面をした」(せんめんをした). The washbasin is in the bathroom「洗面はバスルームにある」(せんめんはバスルームにある). This word is often used in compound words like '洗面台 (せんめんだい)' (washbasin) or '洗面所 (せんめんじょ)' (washroom).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6694

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Washbasin

Reading

Kanji

洗Wash 面Face, Surface 器Vessel

Explanation

The Japanese noun '洗面器 (せんめんき)' refers to a 'washbasin' or a small basin used for washing one's face or hands. It is commonly found in bathrooms or washrooms and is often used in daily hygiene routines. For example: I filled the washbasin with water「洗面器に水を入れた」(せんめんきにみずをいれた). She washed her face in the washbasin「彼女は洗面器で顔を洗った」(かのじょはせんめんきでかおをあらった). This word is specific to the object and is not used metaphorically.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6696

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sinking

Reading

Kanji

沈Sink 没Sink, Drown

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '沈没 (ちんぼつ)' means 'sinking'. It is used to describe the act of a ship, boat, or other vessel going underwater and becoming submerged. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the failure or collapse of plans, projects, or organizations. For example: The ship sank in the storm「船は嵐で沈没した」(ふねはあらしでちんぼつした). The company's project sank due to lack of funding「会社のプロジェクトは資金不足で沈没した」(かいしゃのプロジェクトはしきんぶそくでちんぼつした).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6697

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Freezing

Reading

Kanji

冷Cold 凍Freeze, Frozen

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '冷凍 (れいとう)' means 'freezing'. It refers to the process of preserving food or other items by lowering their temperature to below freezing point. This term is commonly used in contexts related to food storage, such as in supermarkets or home kitchens. For example: I froze the fish「魚を冷凍した」(さかなをれいとうした). This meat is frozen「この肉は冷凍されている」(このにくはれいとうされている). It's important to note that '冷凍' is often used in compound words, such as '冷凍庫 (れいとうこ) (freezer)' or '冷凍食品 (れいとうしょくひん) (frozen food)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6700

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Internal organs

Reading

Kanji

内Inside 臓Entrails, Viscera

Explanation

The Japanese noun '内臓 (ないぞう)' refers to the internal organs of the body, such as the heart, liver, stomach, and intestines. It is commonly used in medical or biological contexts to describe the organs located inside the body cavity. For example: The doctor examined his internal organs「医師は彼の内臓を検査した」(いしはかれのないぞうをけんさした). Eating healthy is important for your internal organs「健康的な食事は内臓に重要です」(けんこうてきなしょくじはないぞうにじゅうようです). The term is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6701

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Battle

Reading

Kanji

合Fit, Match 戦Fight, War

Explanation

The Japanese noun '合戦 (かっせん)' refers to a 'battle' or 'fight', typically used in the context of historical or large-scale conflicts. It often evokes imagery of samurai or feudal-era battles. For example: The battle was fierce「合戦は激しかった」(かっせんははげしかった). They prepared for the battle「彼らは合戦の準備をした」(かれらはかっせんのじゅんびをした). This word is less commonly used in modern contexts and is more associated with historical or literary descriptions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6702

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Subject

Reading

Kanji

科Section, Department 目Eye

Explanation

The Japanese noun '科目 (かもく)' refers to a 'subject' in the context of academic studies or a specific field of learning. It is commonly used in educational settings to describe different areas of study, such as mathematics, science, or history. For example: My favorite subject is math「私の好きな科目は数学です」(わたしのすきなかもくはすうがくです). This school offers many subjects「この学校は多くの科目を提供しています」(このがっこうはおおくのかもくをていきょうしています). The word can also be used in broader contexts to refer to categories or divisions within a system, such as in accounting or law.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6703

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Highway

Reading

Kanji

国Country 道Way

Explanation

The Japanese noun '国道 (こくどう)' refers to a 'national highway' or 'national road'. These are major roads in Japan that are maintained by the national government. They connect important cities and regions across the country. For example: This highway leads to Tokyo「この国道は東京に通じている」(このこくどうはとうきょうにつうじている). The national highway is very busy「国道はとても混んでいる」(こくどうはとてもこんでいる). It's important to note that '国道' specifically refers to roads that are part of the national highway system, as opposed to local or prefectural roads.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6705

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Home

Reading

Kanji

在Be, Exist 宅House

Explanation

The Japanese noun '在宅 (ざいたく)' refers to being at home or staying at home. It is often used in contexts related to work, care, or services provided at home. For example: working from home「在宅で仕事をする」(ざいたくでしごとをする). Home care service「在宅ケアサービス」(ざいたくけあさーびす). This term is commonly used in modern contexts, especially with the rise of remote work and home-based services.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6706

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rank

Reading

Kanji

順Order, Obey 位Rank

Explanation

The Japanese noun '順位 (じゅんい)' refers to a position or rank in a sequence, competition, or hierarchy. It is commonly used in contexts such as sports, exams, or rankings. For example: He got first rank in the exam「彼は試験で1位の順位を取った」(かれはしけんでいちいのじゅんいをとった). The team's rank dropped「チームの順位が下がった」(チームのじゅんいがさがった). This word emphasizes the relative position of someone or something compared to others.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6707

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Territory

Reading

Kanji

領Territory 土Soil

Explanation

The Japanese noun '領土 (りょうど)' refers to 'territory', specifically the land or area that is under the control or jurisdiction of a particular country or ruler. It is often used in political, geographical, or historical contexts. For example: Japan's territory includes many islands「日本の領土には多くの島が含まれている」(にほんのりょうどにはおおくのしまがふくまれている). The dispute over the territory continues「領土をめぐる争いは続いている」(りょうどをめぐるあらそいはつづいている). This term is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6708

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Villa

Reading

Kanji

荘Solemn, Villa

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '荘 (しょう)' is used to denote a villa, mansion, or a type of residence, often implying a certain level of elegance or grandeur. It is commonly found in the names of residential buildings, hotels, or estates. For example: a luxurious villa「豪華な荘」(ごうかなしょう). This suffix can also be part of the name of a place, such as a hotel or a resort, indicating a place of lodging or retreat. For instance: staying at a mountain villa「山荘に泊まる」(さんしょうにとまる). The usage of '荘' often conveys a sense of traditional or upscale accommodation.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6709

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Application

Reading

Kanji

適Suitable 用Use

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '適用 (てきよう)' means 'application' in the sense of applying a rule, law, principle, or method to a specific situation or case. It is commonly used in formal, legal, or technical contexts. For example: The new law will be applied next month「新しい法律が来月適用されます」(あたらしいほうりつがらいげつてきようされます). This method is not applicable to all cases「この方法はすべてのケースに適用できません」(このほうほうはすべてのケースにてきようできません). The word often implies the act of putting something into practice or enforcing a rule.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6713

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Appropriate

Reading

Kanji

適Suitable 切Cut

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '適切 (てきせつ)' means 'appropriate' or 'suitable'. It is used to describe something that is fitting or proper for a particular situation or purpose. This word is often used in formal or professional contexts to indicate that something is well-suited or correct. For example: His response was appropriate「彼の返答は適切だった」(かれのへんとうはてきせつだった). We need to take appropriate measures「適切な対策を取る必要がある」(てきせつなたいさくをとるひつようがある). The word can also be used to describe actions, decisions, or solutions that are well-considered and fitting for the circumstances.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6714

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Adaptation

Reading

Kanji

適Suitable 応Answer, Respond

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '適応 (てきおう)' refers to the process of adapting or adjusting to new conditions, environments, or situations. It is commonly used in contexts where individuals, organisms, or systems change to better fit or survive in their surroundings. For example: The animal's adaptation to the cold climate was remarkable「その動物の寒い気候への適応は素晴らしかった」(そのどうぶつのさむいきこうへのてきおうはすばらしかった). He quickly adapted to the new work environment「彼は新しい職場環境にすぐに適応した」(かれはあたらしいしょくばかんきょうにすぐにてきおうした). This term is often used in both biological and social contexts, emphasizing the ability to adjust effectively.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6715

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suitable, Random

Reading

Kanji

適Suitable 当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '適当 (てきとう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'suitable' or 'appropriate', referring to something that fits a particular purpose or situation. For example: This tool is suitable for the job「この道具は仕事に適当です」(このどうぐはしごとにてきとうです). The second meaning is 'random' or 'careless', often implying a lack of thought or effort. For example: He gave a random answer「彼は適当に答えた」(かれはてきとうにこたえた). The context usually clarifies which meaning is intended, as the word can be ambiguous without additional information.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6716

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Moderate

Reading

Kanji

適Suitable 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '適度 (てきど)' means 'moderate'. It is used to describe something that is neither too much nor too little, but just the right amount. This term is often used in contexts related to health, exercise, diet, and work-life balance. For example: moderate exercise is good for health「適度な運動は健康に良い」(てきどなうんどうはけんこうにいい). It's important to maintain a moderate pace「適度なペースを保つことが大切です」(てきどなぺーすをたもつことがたいせつです). The word can also be used to describe the intensity or degree of something, such as '適度な緊張 (てきどなきんちょう)' which means 'moderate tension'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6717

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Abolition

Reading

Kanji

廃Waste, Abolish 止Stop

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '廃止 (はいし)' means 'abolition' or 'discontinuation'. It refers to the act of officially ending or stopping something, such as a system, law, or practice. This term is often used in formal or official contexts. For example: The government decided on the abolition of the law「政府はその法律の廃止を決定した」(せいふはそのほうりつのはいしをけっていした). The company announced the discontinuation of the service「その会社はサービスの廃止を発表した」(そのかいしゃはサービスのはいしをはっぴょうした). Note that '廃止' is typically used in written or formal speech, and its usage implies a permanent termination.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6718

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Precincts

Reading

Kanji

境Boundary, Border 内Inside

Explanation

The Japanese noun '境内 (けいだい)' refers to the precincts or grounds of a shrine or temple. It specifically denotes the area within the boundaries of a religious site, often including the main buildings, gardens, and other structures. For example: the precincts of the shrine are beautiful「神社の境内は美しい」(じんじゃのけいだいはうつくしい). We walked around the temple precincts「お寺の境内を歩きました」(おてらのけいだいであるきました). This term is commonly used in the context of Japanese religious and cultural sites.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6719

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Prison

Reading

Kanji

刑Punish 務Duty, Task

Explanation

The Japanese noun '刑務 (けいむ)' refers to 'prison' or 'penal servitude'. It is often used in formal or legal contexts to describe the institution where individuals serve their sentences for crimes. The term can also be associated with the concept of incarceration or imprisonment. For example: He was sent to prison「彼は刑務所に送られた」(かれはけいむしょにおくられた). The prison is located far from the city「その刑務所は街から遠くにあります」(そのけいむしょはまちからとおくにあります). Note that '刑務' is often part of the compound word '刑務所 (けいむしょ)', which specifically means 'prison' or 'penitentiary'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6720

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rear, Back

Reading

Kanji

後After, Behind 方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '後方 (こうほう)' refers to the rear or back part of something. It is often used to describe a position or direction that is behind or at the back of a specific reference point. This word is commonly used in both physical and abstract contexts. For example: the enemy is approaching from the rear「敵が後方から接近している」(てきがこうほうからせっきんしている). Please move to the back of the room「部屋の後方に移動してください」(へやのこうほうにいどうしてください). Note that '後方' can also be used in military or strategic contexts to describe positions or movements.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6721

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Immunity

Reading

Kanji

免Excuse, Exempt 疫Epidemic

Explanation

The Japanese noun '免疫 (めんえき)' means 'immunity'. It refers to the biological defense mechanism of an organism against diseases or infections. This term is commonly used in medical and health-related contexts. For example: he has strong immunity「彼は免疫が強い」(かれはめんえきがつよい). Vaccines help build immunity「ワクチンは免疫を作るのに役立つ」(ワクチンはめんえきをつくるのにやくだつ). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe resistance to non-biological influences, such as stress or criticism, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6723

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ring

Reading

Kanji

指Finger 輪Wheel, Ring

Explanation

The Japanese noun '指輪 (ゆびわ)' means 'ring', specifically referring to a piece of jewelry worn on the finger. This word is commonly used to describe engagement rings, wedding rings, or decorative rings. For example: She received a beautiful ring「彼女は美しい指輪をもらった」(かのじょはうつくしいゆびわをもらった). I lost my ring「指輪をなくした」(ゆびわをなくした). The word is often associated with romantic or ceremonial contexts, but it can also refer to any type of finger ring.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6724

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Residence

Reading

Kanji

邸Residence

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '邸 (てい)' is used to denote a residence or mansion, often implying a certain level of grandeur or formality. It is commonly attached to family names to refer to someone's home in a respectful manner. For example: Mr. Tanaka's residence「田中邸」(たなかてい). The mansion of the wealthy family「裕福な家族の邸」(ゆうふくなかぞくのてい). This suffix is typically used in formal contexts and can be found in addresses or when referring to the homes of notable individuals.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6726

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recession

Reading

Kanji

不Not 景Scene 気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不景気 (ふけいき)' refers to an economic recession or a state of economic downturn. It is commonly used to describe periods when the economy is performing poorly, with decreased business activity, high unemployment, and low consumer spending. For example: The country is in a recession「その国は不景気です」(そのくにはふけいきです). Many companies are struggling due to the recession「多くの会社が不景気で苦しんでいる」(おおくのかいしゃがふけいきでくるしんでいる). This term is often used in news reports, economic discussions, and everyday conversations about financial difficulties.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6727

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sunlight

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun 光Light

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日光 (にっこう)' primarily means 'sunlight'. It refers to the light that comes from the sun, often emphasizing its brightness or warmth. This word is commonly used in contexts related to nature, weather, or describing the atmosphere created by sunlight. For example: The sunlight is warm「日光が暖かい」(にっこうがあたたかい). The room is filled with sunlight「部屋に日光が差し込んでいる」(へやににっこうがさしこんでいる). Additionally, '日光' can also refer to the famous city 'Nikko' in Japan, known for its historical temples and natural beauty, but this usage is context-dependent and less common in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6728

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Measurement

Reading

Kanji

測Measure, Conjecture 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '測定 (そくてい)' means 'measurement'. It refers to the act of measuring or determining the size, amount, or degree of something. This term is commonly used in scientific, technical, and everyday contexts. For example: The measurement of temperature is important「温度の測定は重要です」(おんどのそくていはじゅうようです). We conducted a measurement of the room's dimensions「部屋の寸法の測定を行いました」(へやのすんぽうのそくていをおこないました). The word can also be used in compound terms like '測定器 (そくていき)' (measuring instrument).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6729

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Value, Price

Reading

Kanji

価Price 額Amount, Forehead

Explanation

The Japanese noun '価額 (かがく)' refers to the monetary value or price of something. It is often used in formal or business contexts to discuss the cost or valuation of goods, services, or assets. For example: the price of the product「その商品の価額」(そのしょうひんのかがく). The value of the property「その不動産の価額」(そのふどうさんのかがく). This term is more formal and less commonly used in everyday conversation compared to words like '値段 (ねだん)' or '価格 (かかく)', which also mean 'price'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6731

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Subjectivity

Reading

Kanji

主Master 観View

Explanation

The Japanese noun '主観 (しゅかん)' refers to 'subjectivity', which is the quality of being based on or influenced by personal feelings, tastes, or opinions. It is often used in philosophical, psychological, or everyday contexts to describe a personal perspective or interpretation. For example: His opinion is based on subjectivity「彼の意見は主観に基づいている」(かれのいけんはしゅかんにもとづいている). In art, subjectivity is important「芸術において主観は重要だ」(げいじゅつにおいてしゅかんはじゅうようだ). This term contrasts with '客観 (きゃっかん)', which means 'objectivity'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6732

Composition

kanji

Handwriting