Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Composition

word

Meaning

Payment

Reading

Kanji

払Pay, Drive away

Explanation

The Japanese noun '払い (はらい)' refers to the act of paying or settling a debt. It is commonly used in contexts involving financial transactions, such as paying bills, fees, or installments. For example: I made the payment「払いをしました」(はらいをしました). The monthly payment is due「月払いが期限です」(つきばらいがきげんです). This word can also appear in compound terms like '分割払い (ぶんかつばらい)' (installment payment) or '前払い (まえばらい)' (advance payment).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5823

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dance

Reading

Kanji

踊Dance

Explanation

The Japanese noun '踊り (おどり)' means 'dance'. It refers to the act of dancing or a specific dance performance. This word is commonly used in contexts related to traditional Japanese dances, such as '盆踊り (ぼんおどり)', which is a Bon festival dance. It can also refer to dances in general, including modern or Western styles. Example sentences: Let's go see the dance「踊りを見に行こう」(おどりをみにいこう). She is good at traditional Japanese dance「彼女は日本の伝統的な踊りが上手です」(かのじょはにほんのでんとうてきなおどりがじょうずです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5825

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reclaim

Reading

Kanji

取Take 返Return

Explanation

The Japanese verb '取り返す (とりかえす)' means 'to reclaim' or 'to take back'. It is used when someone retrieves something that was lost, stolen, or taken away. This verb can also imply recovering from a setback or regaining something intangible, such as time or trust. For example: I reclaimed my lost wallet「失くした財布を取り返した」(なくしたさいふをとりかえした). He tried to reclaim his reputation「彼は評判を取り返そうとした」(かれはひょうばんをとりかえそうとした). The verb often carries a sense of effort or struggle in the process of reclaiming.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5831

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Offer

Reading

Kanji

申Report 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '申し出る (もうしでる)' means 'to offer' or 'to propose'. It is used when someone voluntarily offers something, such as help, a suggestion, or a proposal. This verb often implies a formal or polite context, and it is commonly used in situations where someone is stepping forward to provide assistance or make a suggestion. For example: He offered to help「彼は手伝いを申し出た」(かれはてつだいをもうしでた). She proposed a new plan「彼女は新しい計画を申し出た」(かのじょはあたらしいけいかくをもうしでた). The verb can also be used in more formal settings, such as business or official proposals.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5832

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Prospect

Reading

Kanji

見See 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese noun '見込み (みこみ)' refers to a 'prospect' or 'expectation' of something happening in the future. It is often used to describe the likelihood or potential of an event, outcome, or situation. For example: there is a prospect of rain tomorrow「明日は雨の見込みです」(あしたはあめのみこみです). The company has good prospects for growth「その会社は成長の見込みが良い」(そのかいしゃはせいちょうのみこみがよい). This word can also imply a sense of anticipation or estimation based on current conditions or trends.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5833

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Application

Reading

Kanji

申Report 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese noun '申し込み (もうしこみ)' means 'application'. It refers to the act of applying for something, such as a service, event, or membership. This word is commonly used in formal or business contexts. For example: I submitted an application for the event「イベントに申し込みをした」(イベントにもうしこみをした). Please fill out the application form「申し込み用紙に記入してください」(もうしこみようしにきにゅうしてください). The term can also imply a request or proposal, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5838

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pay

Reading

Kanji

払Pay, Drive away 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '払い込む (はらいこむ)' means 'to pay' or 'to make a payment'. It is often used in the context of making a payment, such as paying a bill, fee, or installment. This verb implies the action of transferring money to settle a debt or obligation. For example: I paid the bill「請求書を払い込んだ」(せいきゅうしょをはらいこんだ). He paid the tuition fee「彼は授業料を払い込んだ」(かれはじゅぎょうりょうをはらいこんだ). The verb can also be used in the context of paying in installments, such as '払い込む (はらいこむ) for a loan'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5839

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cut in, Interrupt

Reading

Kanji

割Divide, Split 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '割り込む (わりこむ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to cut in,' often used in the context of physically cutting into a line or queue. For example: he cut in line「彼は列に割り込んだ」(かれはれつにわりこんだ). The second meaning is 'to interrupt,' which can refer to interrupting a conversation or process. For example: she interrupted the meeting「彼女は会議に割り込んだ」(かのじょはかいぎにわりこんだ). This verb is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts, and it carries a slightly negative connotation, implying rudeness or disruption.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5840

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Withdraw

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引っ込む (ひっこむ)' primarily means 'to withdraw' or 'to pull back'. It can be used in both physical and metaphorical contexts. For example, physically withdrawing into a space: he withdrew into his room「彼は部屋に引っ込んだ」(かれはへやにひっこんだ). Metaphorically, it can describe someone retreating from a situation or conversation: she withdrew from the argument「彼女は議論から引っ込んだ」(かのじょはぎろんからひっこんだ). Additionally, '引っ込む' can imply something receding or sinking in, such as a receding hairline「髪の毛が引っ込んでいる」(かみのけがひっこんでいる). The verb often carries a nuance of retreating or moving away from a previous position or state.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5841

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pull

Reading

Kanji

引Pull

Explanation

The Japanese noun '引き (ひき)' primarily means 'pull'. It is often used in contexts related to pulling or drawing something, such as in fishing or drawing a bow. It can also refer to the act of attracting or drawing in, as in attracting customers. For example: He has a strong pull「彼は強い引きがある」(かれはつよいひきがある). The shop uses discounts to pull in customers「その店は引きをするために割引を使う」(そのみせはひきをするためにわりびきをつかう). Note that '引き' can also be part of compound words, where it retains the meaning related to pulling or drawing.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5846

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Call, Summon

Reading

Kanji

呼Invite, Call 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '呼び出す (よびだす)' can mean 'summon' or 'call'. It is used when someone is called out or summoned, often in a formal or urgent context. For example: The teacher summoned the student「先生は生徒を呼び出した」(せんせいはせいとをよびだした). The police called the witness to the station「警察は証人を警察署に呼び出した」(けいさつはしょうにんをけいさつしょによびだした). This verb can also be used in technical contexts, such as calling a function in programming or summoning a character in a game.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5848

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crowd

Reading

Kanji

人Person 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人込み (ひとごみ)' refers to a 'crowd' or a place where many people are gathered closely together. It is often used to describe busy public spaces like train stations, festivals, or shopping districts. For example: There was a big crowd at the station「駅には大きな人込みがあった」(えきにはおおきなひとごみがあった). I don't like crowded places「私は人込みが苦手です」(わたしはひとごみがにがてです). The word carries a nuance of being packed or dense with people, and it can sometimes imply a sense of discomfort or chaos due to the large number of people.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5850

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deal, Handle

Reading

Kanji

取Take 扱Handle

Explanation

The Japanese verb '取り扱う (とりあつかう)' primarily means 'to handle' or 'to deal with'. It is used to describe the act of managing, treating, or dealing with something, whether it be physical objects, situations, or abstract concepts. For example: This store handles imported goods「この店は輸入品を取り扱う」(このみせはゆにゅうひんをとりあつかう). The lawyer deals with difficult cases「その弁護士は難しい事件を取り扱う」(そのべんごしはむずかしいじけんをとりあつかう). The verb can also imply a sense of responsibility or care in how something is managed, such as in '取り扱い注意 (とりあつかいちゅうい)' (handle with care).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5860

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Awaken

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 覚Remember, Awake

Explanation

The Japanese verb '目覚める (めざめる)' means 'to awaken' or 'to wake up'. It is commonly used to describe the act of waking up from sleep, but it can also be used metaphorically to describe becoming aware of something or realizing a new perspective. For example: I woke up early「私は早く目覚めた」(わたしははやくめざめた). He awakened to the importance of the environment「彼は環境の重要性に目覚めた」(かれはかんきょうのじゅうようせいにめざめた). The verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it versatile in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5861

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bargain

Reading

Kanji

値Value, Price 切Cut

Explanation

The Japanese verb '値切る (ねぎる)' means 'to bargain' or 'to haggle'. It is used when negotiating the price of something, typically to get a lower price. This verb is commonly used in markets, shops, or when dealing with sellers. For example: I bargained with the seller「売り手と値切った」(うりてとねぎった). He tried to bargain for a cheaper price「彼は安くしてもらおうと値切った」(かれはやすくしてもらおうとねぎった). Note that this verb is often used in informal or casual settings and may not be appropriate in formal business negotiations.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5862

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Advance, Ticket

Reading

Kanji

前Before, Front 売Sell 券Ticket

Explanation

The Japanese noun '前売り券 (まえうりけん)' refers to a ticket that is sold in advance, before the actual event or performance. It is commonly used for concerts, movies, theater performances, and other events. The word combines '前売り (まえうり)', meaning 'advance sale', and '券 (けん)', meaning 'ticket'. For example: I bought an advance ticket for the concert「コンサートの前売り券を買いました」(コンサートのまえうりけんをかいました). The advance tickets are cheaper「前売り券の方が安いです」(まえうりけんのほうがやすいです). This term is often used in contexts where tickets are sold before the event date, offering benefits like lower prices or guaranteed entry.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5863

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Index finger

Reading

Kanji

人Person 差Difference 指Finger

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人差し指 (ひとさしゆび)' refers to the 'index finger', which is the second digit of the human hand, located between the thumb and the middle finger. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation and medical contexts. For example: I hurt my index finger「人差し指をけがした」(ひとさしゆびをけがした). She pointed at the map with her index finger「彼女は人差し指で地図を指した」(かのじょはひとさしゆびでちずをさした). The term is a compound of '人 (ひと)' meaning 'person', '差し (さし)' meaning 'pointing', and '指 (ゆび)' meaning 'finger', literally translating to 'the finger used for pointing'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5865

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exceed

Reading

Kanji

上Up 回Revolve, Times

Explanation

The Japanese verb '上回る (うわまわる)' means 'to exceed' or 'to surpass'. It is used when something goes beyond a certain limit, standard, or expectation. This verb is often used in contexts involving numbers, performance, or achievements. For example: The sales exceeded expectations「売り上げは予想を上回った」(うりあげはよそうをうわまわった). His score surpassed the class average「彼の点数はクラスの平均を上回った」(かれのてんすうはクラスのへいきんをうわまわった). Note that '上回る' is typically used in formal or written contexts and implies a measurable comparison.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5868

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reception

Reading

Kanji

受Accept 付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese noun '受け付け (うけつけ)' refers to a reception or front desk, typically in places like offices, hotels, or clinics. It is the area where visitors or clients are greeted and attended to. For example: Please go to the reception「受付に行ってください」(うけつけにいってください). The reception is on the first floor「受付は一階です」(うけつけはいっかいです). This term can also refer to the act of accepting or receiving something, such as applications or forms, but the primary and most common usage is for the physical reception area.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5873

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Photograph

Reading

Kanji

写Copy, Photograph

Explanation

The Japanese verb '写る (うつる)' means 'to be photographed' or 'to appear in a photo'. It is used when describing something or someone that is captured in a photograph. This verb is often used in passive contexts, where the subject is the one being photographed. For example: I was photographed「私が写った」(わたしがうつった). The mountain appears in the photo「山が写真に写る」(やまがしゃしんにうつる). Note that this verb is intransitive, meaning it does not take a direct object. The focus is on the subject being captured in the photo rather than the act of taking the photo itself.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5893

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Switch

Reading

Kanji

切Cut 替Replace, Exchange

Explanation

The Japanese verb '切り替える (きりかえる)' means 'to switch' or 'to change over'. It is commonly used when referring to changing from one state, mode, or focus to another. This can apply to physical switches, mental states, or even tasks. For example: I switched the TV channel「テレビのチャンネルを切り替えた」(てれびのちゃんねるをきりかえた). She quickly switched her focus to the next task「彼女はすぐに次のタスクに切り替えた」(かのじょはすぐにつぎのタスクにきりかえた). The verb often implies a deliberate or necessary change, such as adapting to a new situation or shifting priorities.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5894

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Obsessed, Captured

Reading

Kanji

捕Catch

Explanation

The Japanese verb '捕らわれる (とらわれる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'captured', referring to being physically caught or seized, often in a literal sense. The second meaning is 'obsessed', referring to being mentally or emotionally caught up in something, such as an idea or emotion. Example sentences: The thief was captured by the police「泥棒は警察に捕らわれた」(どろぼうはけいさつにとらわれた). She is obsessed with her past「彼女は過去に捕らわれている」(かのじょはかこにとらわれている). The verb can be used in both literal and metaphorical contexts, making it versatile in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5895

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dry

Reading

Kanji

干Dry

Explanation

The Japanese verb '干す (ほす)' means 'to dry'. It is commonly used to describe the action of drying something, such as clothes, food, or other items. For example: I will dry the laundry「洗濯物を干します」(せんたくものをほします). She dried the fish in the sun「彼女は魚を干した」(かのじょはさかなをほした). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe leaving someone out or neglecting them, as in '彼は会議で干された (かれはかいぎでほされた) (He was left out of the meeting).' The verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts related to drying or exposure to air.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5896

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Staying up late

Reading

Kanji

夜Night 更Renew, Grow late

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '夜更かし (よふかし)' refers to the act of staying up late at night, often past one's usual bedtime. It is commonly used to describe staying awake late into the night, whether for work, study, entertainment, or other activities. For example: I stayed up late last night「昨夜は夜更かしをした」(さくやはよふかしをした). Staying up late is bad for your health「夜更かしは健康に悪い」(よふかしはけんこうにわるい). This term carries a nuance of staying awake longer than usual, often implying a lack of sleep or a deviation from a regular sleep schedule.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5900

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Boarding, Alighting

Reading

Kanji

乗Ride 降Descend, Fall

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '乗り降り (のりおり)' refers to the act of boarding and alighting from a vehicle, such as a train, bus, or car. It is often used in contexts involving transportation. For example: The station is crowded with people boarding and alighting「駅は乗り降りの人で混雑している」(えきはのりおりのひとでこんざつしている). Please be careful when boarding and alighting「乗り降りの際はご注意ください」(のりおりのさいはごちゅういください). This word is commonly seen in transportation-related announcements and signage.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5904

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suit

Reading

Kanji

適Suitable

Explanation

The Japanese verb '適する (てきする)' means 'to suit' or 'to be suitable'. It is used to describe something that is appropriate or fitting for a particular purpose, situation, or person. This verb is often used in formal or written contexts. For example: This job suits me「この仕事は私に適している」(このしごとはわたしにてきしている). This method is suitable for solving the problem「この方法は問題を解決するのに適している」(このほうほうはもんだいをかいけつするのにてきしている). Note that '適する' is often used in its te-form '適している' to indicate a state of suitability.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5915

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crowded

Reading

Kanji

立Stand 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '立て込む (たてこむ)' means 'to be crowded' or 'to be packed'. It is often used to describe situations where a place is filled with people or things, making it difficult to move or function smoothly. For example: The station is crowded with people「駅が人で立て込んでいる」(えきがひとでたてこんでいる). The schedule is packed with meetings「スケジュールが会議で立て込んでいる」(スケジュールがかいぎでたてこんでいる). This verb can also imply a sense of busyness or being overwhelmed due to the crowdedness or packed nature of the situation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5920

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Forbid

Reading

Kanji

禁Ban, Prohibition

Explanation

The Japanese verb '禁ずる (きんずる)' means 'to forbid' or 'to prohibit'. It is a formal or literary term often used in legal, official, or authoritative contexts to indicate that something is not allowed. For example: The law forbids smoking here「法律はここで喫煙を禁ずる」(ほうりつはここできつえんをきんずる). The school prohibits students from using phones「学校は生徒が携帯を使うことを禁ずる」(がっこうはせいとがけいたいをつかうことをきんずる). Note that '禁ずる' is less commonly used in everyday conversation, where '禁止する (きんしする)' is more typical.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5931

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cross, Surpass

Reading

Kanji

越Go across, Go beyond

Explanation

The Japanese verb '越す (こす)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to cross', as in physically moving from one side to another, such as crossing a river or a border. For example: we crossed the river「川を越した」(かわをこした). The second meaning is 'to surpass' or 'to exceed', often used in contexts involving limits, expectations, or time. For example: he surpassed his limits「彼は限界を越した」(かれはげんかいをこした). This verb is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. Note that the kanji 越 is often associated with the idea of going beyond or transcending something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5932

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Entrust

Reading

Kanji

委Committee

Explanation

The Japanese verb '委ねる (ゆだねる)' means 'to entrust' or 'to leave something to someone else'. It is used when you delegate a task, responsibility, or decision to another person, often implying trust or reliance on their judgment or ability. For example: I entrusted the project to him「そのプロジェクトを彼に委ねた」(そのプロジェクトをかれにゆだねた). She left the decision to her manager「その決定をマネージャーに委ねた」(そのけっていをマネージャーにゆだねた). The verb can also carry a nuance of surrendering or yielding control, as in 'to leave one's fate to the gods'「運命を神に委ねる」(うんめいをかみにゆだねる).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5934

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

One after another

Reading

Kanji

次Next

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '次々に (つぎつぎに)' means 'one after another' or 'in succession.' It is used to describe events or actions that happen in rapid succession without pause. This adverb is often used to convey a sense of continuity or flow. Example: New students kept arriving one after another 「新しい学生が次々に到着した」 (あたらしいがくせいがつぎつぎにとうちゃくした). The flowers bloomed in succession 「花が次々に咲いた」 (はながつぎつぎにさいた). This adverb can be used in various contexts, including describing events, actions, or occurrences.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5936

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relay

Reading

Kanji

取Take 次Next

Explanation

The Japanese verb '取り次ぐ (とりつぐ)' means 'to relay' or 'to pass on'. It is commonly used in situations where someone acts as an intermediary to convey messages, requests, or information between two parties. For example: I will relay your message to the manager「あなたのメッセージをマネージャーに取り次ぎます」(あなたのメッセージをマネージャーにとりつぎます). The secretary relayed the call to the director「秘書が電話を社長に取り次いだ」(ひしょがでんわをしゃちょうにとりついだ). This verb is often used in formal or business contexts, emphasizing the role of the intermediary.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5937

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pitiful

Reading

Kanji

情Feeling, Emotion

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '情けない (なさけない)' primarily conveys a sense of pity, disappointment, or frustration, often directed at oneself or others due to a lack of effort, competence, or dignity. It can describe situations, actions, or people that evoke a feeling of sadness or regret. For example: his attitude is pitiful「彼の態度は情けない」(かれのたいどはなさけない). I feel pitiful for not studying harder「もっと勉強しなかった自分が情けない」(もっとべんきょうしなかったじぶんがなさけない). This word is often used in contexts where there is a sense of letdown or failure, emphasizing a lack of resolve or dignity.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5942

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pick, Adopt

Reading

Kanji

採Gather, Pick

Explanation

The Japanese verb '採る (とる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to pick' or 'to gather', often used in the context of harvesting or collecting something, such as fruits or plants. For example: we picked strawberries「いちごを採った」(いちごをとった). The second meaning is 'to adopt' or 'to take on', used when selecting or accepting something, such as a method, policy, or approach. For example: the company adopted a new strategy「会社は新しい戦略を採った」(かいしゃはあたらしいせんりゃくをとった). The verb is versatile and its meaning depends heavily on the context in which it is used.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5947

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hasten

Reading

Kanji

早Early, Fast

Explanation

The Japanese verb '早める (はやめる)' means 'to hasten' or 'to speed up'. It is used to describe the action of making something happen sooner or faster than originally planned. This verb can be applied to various contexts, such as time, processes, or events. For example: I hastened the meeting「会議を早めた」(かいぎをはやめた). She hastened her steps「彼女は歩みを早めた」(かのじょはあゆみをはやめた). It's important to note that '早める' is often used when there is a deliberate action to accelerate something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5948

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rush, Premature

Reading

Kanji

早Early, Fast

Explanation

The Japanese verb '早まる (はやまる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to rush', which refers to acting hastily or without proper consideration. For example: Don't rush into a decision「早まって決断しないで」(はやまってけつだんしないで). The second meaning is 'to be premature', which refers to something happening too early or before the appropriate time. For example: The announcement was premature「その発表は早まった」(そのはっぴょうははやまった). This verb is often used in contexts where caution or timing is important, and it carries a nuance of acting or occurring inappropriately early.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5949

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Miss

Reading

Kanji

乗Ride 遅Slow, Late

Explanation

The Japanese verb '乗り遅れる (のりおくれる)' means 'to miss' in the context of missing a vehicle, such as a train, bus, or plane. It is often used when someone fails to board a vehicle before it departs. For example: I missed the train「電車に乗り遅れた」(でんしゃにのりおくれた). He missed the bus because he overslept「彼は寝坊してバスに乗り遅れた」(かれはねぼうしてバスにのりおくれた). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe missing out on opportunities or trends, such as '乗り遅れるな (のりおくれるな) (don't miss out)'. The nuance here is about failing to catch something in time, whether it's a physical vehicle or an abstract opportunity.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5952

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dye

Reading

Kanji

染Dye

Explanation

The Japanese verb '染める (そめる)' means 'to dye'. It is used to describe the action of coloring or staining something, such as fabric, hair, or other materials. This verb is often used in contexts related to fashion, art, or personal grooming. For example: She dyed her hair red「彼女は髪を赤く染めた」(かのじょはかみをあかくそめた). I dyed the fabric blue「布を青く染めた」(ぬのをあおくそめた). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe something being deeply influenced or imbued with a particular quality, such as 'the sky was dyed with the colors of sunset'「空が夕焼けの色に染まった」(そらがゆうやけのいろにそまった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5956

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beginning

Reading

Kanji

始Begin

Explanation

The Japanese noun '始まり (はじまり)' means 'beginning'. It refers to the start or commencement of something, such as an event, process, or period. This word is often used in both formal and informal contexts to describe the initial stage of something. For example: the beginning of the story「物語の始まり」(ものがたりのはじまり). The beginning of a new era「新しい時代の始まり」(あたらしいじだいのはじまり). It can also be used metaphorically, such as in 'the beginning of a journey'「旅の始まり」(たびのはじまり).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5957

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Motivation

Reading

Kanji

遣Use, Dispatch 気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '遣る気 (やるき)' means 'motivation' or 'willingness to do something'. It is often used to describe one's drive or enthusiasm to take action or complete a task. This word is commonly used in contexts related to work, studies, or personal goals. For example: I have no motivation today「今日は遣る気がない」(きょうはやるきがない). His motivation is impressive「彼の遣る気はすごい」(かれのやるきはすごい). The word can also be used in negative forms to express a lack of motivation, such as '遣る気が出ない (やるきがでない)' (I can't find the motivation).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5962

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inherit, Takeover

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 継Succeed, Inherit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引き継ぐ (ひきつぐ)' primarily means 'to inherit' or 'to take over'. It is used when someone takes over a role, responsibility, or tradition from someone else. This verb often implies a sense of continuity and responsibility. For example: he inherited his father's business「彼は父親の事業を引き継いだ」(かれはちちおやのじぎょうをひきついだ). She took over the project from her colleague「彼女は同僚からプロジェクトを引き継いだ」(かのじょはどうりょうからプロジェクトをひきついだ). The verb can also be used in contexts where traditions or customs are passed down through generations, such as inheriting family traditions「家族の伝統を引き継ぐ」(かぞくのでんとうをひきつぐ).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5964

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deepen

Reading

Kanji

深Deep

Explanation

The Japanese verb '深める (ふかめる)' means 'to deepen'. It is used to describe the act of making something deeper, whether it be a physical depth, a relationship, knowledge, or understanding. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as deepening a friendship, deepening one's knowledge on a subject, or even deepening a hole. For example: I want to deepen my understanding of Japanese culture「日本の文化への理解を深めたい」(にほんのぶんかへのりかいをふかめたい). They are working to deepen their relationship「彼らは関係を深めようとしている」(かれらはかんけいをふかめようとしている). The verb is often used in both literal and metaphorical senses, making it versatile in conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5965

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bear fruit

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth

Explanation

The Japanese verb '実る (みのる)' means 'to bear fruit' or 'to yield results'. It is often used to describe the process of plants producing fruit, but it can also be used metaphorically to describe efforts or plans coming to fruition. For example: the apple tree bore fruit「リンゴの木が実った」(りんごのきがみのった). His hard work finally bore fruit「彼の努力がついに実った」(かれのどりょくがついにみのった). This verb is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts, emphasizing the culmination of a process.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5966

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pass

Reading

Kanji

通Commute, Pass 過Exceed, Error

Explanation

The Japanese verb '通り過ぎる (とおりすぎる)' means 'to pass by' or 'to go past'. It is used to describe the action of moving past a certain point or location without stopping. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as passing by a place, a person, or even time. For example: The train passed by the station「電車が駅を通り過ぎた」(でんしゃがえきをとおりすぎた). Time passes by quickly「時間が通り過ぎるのが早い」(じかんがとおりすぎるのがはやい). The nuance of this verb often implies that the subject is moving beyond something without lingering or stopping.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5967

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Awaken

Reading

Kanji

覚Remember, Awake

Explanation

The Japanese verb '覚める (さめる)' primarily means 'to awaken' or 'to wake up'. It is used to describe the act of waking up from sleep, but it can also be used metaphorically to describe becoming aware of something or snapping out of a state of illusion or ignorance. For example: I woke up early「私は早く覚めた」(わたしははやくさめた). He finally woke up to the reality「彼はついに現実に覚めた」(かれはついにげんじつにさめた). This verb is often used in contexts where someone becomes conscious or aware, either literally or figuratively.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5976

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dangerous, Uncertain

Reading

Kanji

危Dangerous

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '危うい (あやうい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'dangerous', referring to something that poses a risk or threat. The second is 'uncertain', describing a situation or outcome that is not guaranteed or is precarious. This word is often used in contexts where there is a sense of instability or potential harm. For example: The bridge looks dangerous「その橋は危うい」(そのはしはあやうい). His plan seems uncertain「彼の計画は危うい」(かれのけいかくはあやうい). The nuance of '危うい' often conveys a sense of being on the edge or close to failure, making it a versatile word for describing both physical and abstract situations.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5983

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mistake

Reading

Kanji

誤Mistake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '誤り (あやまり)' means 'mistake' or 'error'. It refers to an incorrect action, decision, or judgment. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to describe errors in reasoning, calculations, or behavior. For example: I realized my mistake「私は誤りに気づいた」(わたしはあやまりにきづいた). Correcting mistakes is important「誤りを直すことは大切だ」(あやまりをなおすことはたいせつだ). The word can also be used in compound phrases like '誤りを犯す (あやまりをおかす)' (to make a mistake).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5984

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Roll

Reading

Kanji

転Revolve

Explanation

The Japanese verb '転がる (ころがる)' means 'to roll'. This verb is used to describe the action of an object moving by turning over and over on a surface. It can be used for both intentional and unintentional rolling. For example: the ball rolled down the hill「ボールが丘を転がった」(ぼーるがおかをころがった). He rolled on the floor laughing「彼は床の上で転がって笑った」(かれはゆかのうえでころがってわらった). Additionally, '転がる' can also be used metaphorically to describe something being readily available or easily found, as in 'opportunities are rolling around'「チャンスが転がっている」(ちゃんすがころがっている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5991

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stretch, Postpone

Reading

Kanji

延Prolong

Explanation

The Japanese verb '延びる (のびる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to stretch', which refers to something physically extending in length or time. For example: the rubber band stretches「ゴムが延びる」(ゴムがのびる). The second meaning is 'to postpone', indicating a delay or extension of time. For example: the meeting was postponed「会議が延びた」(かいぎがのびた). The verb is often used in contexts involving time, deadlines, or physical extension. Note that the kanji 延 can also imply a sense of prolongation or delay, which is reflected in its usage.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5992

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Aim, Reliance

Reading

Kanji

当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '当て (あて)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'aim', referring to a target or goal one is striving to achieve. For example: He has no clear aim in life「彼には人生の当てがない」(かれにはじんせいのあてがない). The second meaning is 'reliance', indicating dependence on someone or something for support or assistance. For example: I rely on my friend for help「私は友達を当てにしている」(わたしはともだちをあてにしている). The word can also be used in compound words, such as '当て字 (あてじ)', which refers to kanji characters used phonetically rather than for their meaning.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6009

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Forefront

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 先Before, Previous

Explanation

The Japanese noun '真っ先 (まっさき)' refers to the very front or the very first in a sequence or order. It is often used to describe being at the forefront of an action or being the first to do something. For example: he was the first to volunteer「彼は真っ先に手を挙げた」(かれはまっさきにてをあげた). She ran to the front of the line「彼女は列の真っ先に走った」(かのじょはれつのまっさきにはしった). This word emphasizes being ahead of others in terms of time or position.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6019

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Midst

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 最Most 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese noun '真っ最中 (まっさいちゅう)' refers to being in the very middle or peak of an event, activity, or situation. It emphasizes the intensity or focus of the moment. For example: We are in the midst of a meeting「会議の真っ最中です」(かいぎのまっさいちゅうです). The festival is in full swing「祭りの真っ最中だ」(まつりのまっさいちゅうだ). This word is often used to describe ongoing situations where something is actively happening.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6022

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pink, Rose

Reading

Kanji

色Color

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ばら色 (ばらいろ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning refers to the color 'rose', which is a shade of pink. The second meaning refers to the color 'pink' itself. This word is often used to describe the color of flowers, particularly roses, or to describe something that is pink in color. For example: The sky is rose-colored at sunset「夕焼けの空はばら色だ」(ゆうやけのそらはばらいろだ). She is wearing a pink dress「彼女はばら色のドレスを着ている」(かのじょはばらいろのドレスをきている). It's important to note that 'ばら色' can be used both literally and metaphorically to describe something as being rosy or optimistic, such as in the phrase 'ばら色の未来' (ばらいろのみらい), which means 'a rosy future'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6026

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Supplement

Reading

Kanji

補Supplement

Explanation

The Japanese verb '補う (おぎなう)' means 'to supplement' or 'to compensate for something lacking'. It is used when adding something to make up for a deficiency or to fill in a gap. This verb can be applied in various contexts, such as financial, informational, or physical shortages. For example: We need to supplement the budget「予算を補う必要がある」(よさんをおぎなうひつようがある). She compensated for her lack of experience with enthusiasm「彼女は経験不足を熱意で補った」(かのじょはけいけんぶそくをねついでおぎなった). It is also commonly used in contexts where something is added to enhance or complete something else, such as in '知識を補う (ちしきをおぎなう) (to supplement knowledge)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6033

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hide

Reading

Kanji

潜Lurk, Submerge

Explanation

The Japanese verb '潜める (ひそめる)' means 'to hide' or 'to conceal'. It is often used to describe the act of hiding something physically or emotionally, such as hiding one's feelings or intentions. For example: she hid her anger「彼女は怒りを潜めた」(かのじょはいかりをひそめた). He concealed his presence「彼は姿を潜めた」(かれはすがたをひそめた). This verb can also imply a sense of secrecy or stealth, as in hiding something to avoid detection.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6034

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gaze

Reading

Kanji

眼Eyeball 差Difference

Explanation

The Japanese noun '眼差し (まなざし)' refers to the way someone looks at something or someone, often implying a certain emotion or intention behind the gaze. It can convey feelings such as affection, scrutiny, or intensity. For example: her gaze was full of love「彼女の眼差しは愛に満ちていた」(かのじょのまなざしはあいにみちていた). His gaze was sharp and piercing「彼の眼差しは鋭くて貫くようだった」(かれのまなざしはするどくてつらぬくようだった). This word is often used in literary or poetic contexts to describe the depth or quality of someone's look.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6041

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recover

Reading

Kanji

立Stand 直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese verb '立ち直る (たちなおる)' means 'to recover' or 'to bounce back'. It is used to describe the process of regaining one's composure, recovering from a setback, or returning to a normal state after experiencing difficulty or adversity. This verb is often used in contexts involving emotional, physical, or situational recovery. For example: He recovered from his illness「彼は病気から立ち直った」(かれはびょうきからたちなおった). She bounced back after the failure「彼女は失敗から立ち直った」(かのじょはしっぱいからたちなおった). The company recovered from the crisis「会社は危機から立ち直った」(かいしゃはききからたちなおった). The verb emphasizes resilience and the ability to overcome challenges.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6042

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Redo

Reading

Kanji

直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'やり直し (やりなおし)' means 'redo'. It refers to the act of doing something again, often to correct mistakes or improve the outcome. This word is commonly used in contexts where a task, process, or action needs to be repeated for better results. For example: I will redo my homework「宿題をやり直します」(しゅくだいをやりなおします). The project requires a redo「プロジェクトはやり直しが必要です」(プロジェクトはやりなおしがひつようです). It can also imply a fresh start or a second chance in certain situations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6043

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Redo

Reading

Kanji

直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'やり直す (やりなおす)' means 'to redo' or 'to start over'. It is used when someone wants to do something again, often because the first attempt was unsatisfactory or incomplete. This verb can be applied to various contexts, such as work, studies, or personal projects. For example: I will redo my homework「宿題をやり直します」(しゅくだいをやりなおします). Let's start over from the beginning「最初からやり直しましょう」(さいしょからやりなおしましょう). The verb emphasizes the act of doing something again to achieve a better result.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6044

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Investigation

Reading

Kanji

調Investigate, Tune

Explanation

The Japanese noun '調べ (しらべ)' primarily means 'investigation' or 'inquiry'. It refers to the act of examining or researching something thoroughly to uncover facts or details. This word is often used in formal or official contexts, such as police investigations or academic research. For example: The police are conducting an investigation「警察が調べを進めています」(けいさつがしらべをすすめています). I need to do some research on this topic「このテーマについて調べが必要です」(このテーマについてしらべがひつようです). Additionally, '調べ' can also refer to a musical 'tune' or 'melody', but this usage is less common and context-dependent.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6047

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Summer vacation

Reading

Kanji

夏Summer 休Rest

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夏休み (なつやすみ)' refers to 'summer vacation', a period of time during the summer when schools and some workplaces are closed, allowing people to take a break. This term is commonly used in Japan, where summer vacations are a significant part of the school calendar. For example: I went to the beach during summer vacation「夏休みに海に行きました」(なつやすみにうみにいきました). My summer vacation starts next week「私の夏休みは来週からです」(わたしのなつやすみはらいしゅうからです). The duration of 夏休み can vary, but it typically lasts for several weeks, often including the Obon festival period in mid-August.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6049

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bestow

Reading

Kanji

給Supply, Salary

Explanation

The Japanese verb '給う (たまう)' is a classical and respectful term meaning 'to bestow' or 'to grant'. It is often used in formal or archaic contexts, particularly in historical or literary settings, to indicate that someone of higher status is granting something to someone of lower status. For example: The emperor bestowed a title upon him「天皇が彼に称号を給う」(てんのうがかれにしょうごうをたまう). This verb is rarely used in modern conversational Japanese but may appear in traditional ceremonies, historical dramas, or literature. It carries a sense of reverence and formality.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6051

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Blame

Reading

Kanji

責Blame, Liability

Explanation

The Japanese verb '責める (せめる)' means 'to blame' or 'to criticize'. It is used when someone holds another person responsible for a mistake, fault, or wrongdoing. This verb can also carry a nuance of reproach or scolding, often implying a moral or emotional weight. For example: He blamed me for the failure「彼は私を失敗のせいに責めた」(かれはわたしをしっぱいのせいにせめた). She criticized him harshly「彼女は彼を厳しく責めた」(かのじょはかれをきびしくせめた). Note that this verb is often used in contexts where there is a sense of guilt or responsibility involved.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6063

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Together

Reading

Kanji

共Together

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '共に (ともに)' means 'together'. It is used to indicate that two or more people or things are doing something jointly or simultaneously. It can also imply a sense of shared experience or mutual involvement. For example: we will grow old together「私たちは共に年老いていく」(わたしたちはともにとしをとっていく). They fought together against the enemy「彼らは共に敵と戦った」(かれらはともにてきとたたかった). The word can also carry a nuance of unity or solidarity, as in '共に生きる (ともにいきる) (to live together in harmony)'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6071

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bend, Break

Reading

Kanji

折Bend, Fold

Explanation

The Japanese verb '折れる (おれる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to break', typically referring to something snapping or breaking off, such as a branch or a bone. For example: the branch broke「枝が折れた」(えだがおれた). The second meaning is 'to bend', often implying flexibility or yielding, such as bending under pressure or bending one's will. For example: he bent under the pressure「彼はプレッシャーに折れた」(かれはぷれっしゃーにおれた). This verb can also be used metaphorically, such as yielding in an argument or compromising. For example: she finally gave in「彼女はついに折れた」(かのじょはついにおれた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6080

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Praise

Reading

Kanji

称Appellation

Explanation

The Japanese verb '称える (たたえる)' means 'to praise' or 'to extol'. It is used to express admiration or high regard for someone's achievements, qualities, or actions. This verb often carries a formal or respectful tone and is commonly used in contexts such as ceremonies, speeches, or written commendations. For example: The teacher praised the student's hard work「先生は生徒の努力を称えた」(せんせいはせいとのどりょくをたたえた). The nation praised the hero's bravery「国は英雄の勇気を称えた」(くにはえいゆうのゆうきをたたえた). Note that '称える' can also imply a sense of honoring or celebrating someone's contributions.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6081

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Certain

Reading

Kanji

違Differ, Different

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '違いない (ちがいない)' means 'certain' or 'without a doubt'. It is used to express strong confidence or conviction about something being true or accurate. This phrase is often used at the end of a sentence to emphasize certainty. For example: He is definitely coming「彼は来るに違いない」(かれはくるにちがいない). This must be the right answer「これが正しい答えに違いない」(これがただしいこたえにちがいない). The nuance here is that the speaker is almost entirely sure of the statement being made.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6083

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mistaken identity

Reading

Kanji

人Person 違Differ, Different

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '人違い (ひとちがい)' refers to the act of mistaking one person for another. It is commonly used when someone incorrectly identifies or confuses another person, often leading to awkward or humorous situations. For example: I mistook you for someone else「あなたを人違いしました」(あなたをひとちがいしました). He often mistakes people「彼はよく人違いをする」(かれはよくひとちがいをする). This term is particularly useful in social contexts where recognizing individuals is important, such as in crowded places or at events.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6084

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mistake, Fail to recognize

Reading

Kanji

見See 違Differ, Different

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見違える (みちがえる)' means 'to mistake' or 'to fail to recognize'. It is used when someone does not recognize or misidentifies something or someone, often due to a significant change in appearance or context. For example: I mistook him for someone else「彼を見違えた」(かれをみちがえた). She failed to recognize her old friend「彼女は昔の友達を見違えた」(かのじょはむかしのともだちをみちがえた). This verb is often used in situations where the change is so drastic that it leads to confusion or misidentification.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6085

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Imitate

Reading

Kanji

似Resemble

Explanation

The Japanese verb '似せる (にせる)' means 'to imitate' or 'to make something resemble something else'. It is often used when someone intentionally makes one thing look or act like another. For example: She imitated her teacher's voice「彼女は先生の声に似せた」(かのじょはせんせいのこえににせた). He made the painting resemble a famous artwork「彼はその絵を有名な芸術作品に似せた」(かれはそのえをゆうめいなげいじゅつさくひんににせた). This verb can also be used in contexts where something is designed or altered to mimic another thing, such as in fashion, art, or behavior.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6087

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Skillful

Reading

Kanji

巧Skill, Adept

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '巧み (たくみ)' means 'skillful'. It describes someone or something that is adept, clever, or masterful in performing a task or creating something. It often carries a nuance of artistry or finesse. For example: His skillful speech moved the audience「彼の巧みなスピーチは聴衆を感動させた」(かれのたくみなすぴーちはちょうしゅうをかんどうさせた). The artist's skillful brushwork is amazing「その画家の巧みな筆遣いは素晴らしい」(そのがかのたくみなふでづかいはすばらしい). This word is often used to describe craftsmanship, strategy, or performance.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6088

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soften

Reading

Kanji

和Peace

Explanation

The Japanese verb '和らげる (やわらげる)' means 'to soften' or 'to alleviate'. It is used to describe the act of making something less severe, intense, or harsh. This can apply to physical sensations, emotions, or situations. For example: The medicine alleviated the pain「薬が痛みを和らげた」(くすりがいたみをやわらげた). She tried to soften his anger「彼女は彼の怒りを和らげようとした」(かのじょはかれのいかりをやわらげようとした). The word can also be used in contexts like softening the tone of a conversation or easing tension in a situation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6096

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Visit, Sympathy

Reading

Kanji

見See 舞Dance

Explanation

The Japanese noun '見舞い (みまい)' can mean either 'visit' or 'sympathy', depending on the context. When referring to a visit, it typically implies visiting someone who is sick, hospitalized, or in a difficult situation. For example: I went to visit my friend in the hospital「友達の見舞いに行った」(ともだちのみまいにいった). When referring to sympathy, it often involves expressing condolences or offering comfort to someone who has experienced a loss or hardship. For example: I sent a sympathy gift「見舞いの品を送った」(みまいのしなをおくった). The word is commonly used in phrases like 'お見舞い (おみまい)', which adds politeness and is often used when visiting someone in the hospital or sending a gift to show sympathy.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6101

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Harmonious

Reading

Kanji

和Peace

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '和やか (なごやか)' means 'harmonious' or 'peaceful'. It describes a calm, relaxed, and friendly atmosphere or mood. This word is often used to describe social situations, environments, or interactions that are free from tension or conflict. For example: The meeting was harmonious「会議は和やかだった」(かいぎはなごやかだった). The atmosphere at the party was peaceful「パーティーの雰囲気は和やかだった」(パーティーのふんいきはなごやかだった). '和やか' can also be used to describe a person's demeanor, as in '彼は和やかな人だ (かれはなごやかなひとだ)' (He is a calm and friendly person).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6105

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soften

Reading

Kanji

和Peace

Explanation

The Japanese verb '和らぐ (やわらぐ)' means 'to soften' or 'to become mild'. It is often used to describe a situation, feeling, or condition that becomes less intense or severe. For example: the pain has softened「痛みが和らいだ」(いたみがやわらいだ). The tension in the room softened「部屋の緊張が和らいだ」(へやのきんちょうがやわらいだ). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe emotions or atmospheres becoming more relaxed or gentle.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6106

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Actually

Reading

Kanji

現Appear, Current

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '現に (げんに)' means 'actually' or 'in fact'. It is used to emphasize that something is true or real, often in contrast to what might be assumed or believed. This word is commonly used to provide evidence or to stress the reality of a situation. For example: He is actually here「現に彼はここにいる」(げんにかれはここにいる). It actually happened「現にそれが起こった」(げんにそれがおこった). The adverb is often used in formal or written contexts to assert the truth of a statement.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6110

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Input, Devote

Reading

Kanji

打Hit 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '打ち込む (うちこむ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to devote oneself to something', often used when someone is deeply engaged in an activity or passionate about a pursuit. For example: He devoted himself to studying「彼は勉強に打ち込んだ」(かれはべんきょうにうちこんだ). The second meaning is 'to input data', commonly used in the context of typing or entering information into a computer or system. For example: Please input the data「データを打ち込んでください」(データをうちこんでください). The verb can also imply a sense of intensity or focus, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6118

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Break, Fold

Reading

Kanji

折Bend, Fold

Explanation

The Japanese verb '折る (おる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to break', often used when something snaps or is physically broken, such as a branch or a bone. For example: I broke a branch「枝を折った」(えだをおった). The second meaning is 'to fold', used when bending something, like paper or fabric, to create a crease. For example: She folded the paper「彼女は紙を折った」(かのじょはかみをおった). The context usually clarifies which meaning is intended. Note that this verb is transitive and requires an object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6119

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Meet

Reading

Kanji

知Know 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verb '知り合う (しりあう)' means 'to meet' or 'to get to know someone'. It is used when two or more people become acquainted with each other, often implying the beginning of a relationship or friendship. This verb is commonly used in social contexts and can refer to both casual and formal introductions. For example: I met him at a party「彼とはパーティーで知り合った」(かれとはパーティーでしりあった). We got to know each other through work「私たちは仕事で知り合いました」(わたしたちはしごとでしりあいました). The verb can also be used to describe the process of becoming familiar with someone over time.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6120

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Encourage

Reading

Kanji

励Strive, Encourage

Explanation

The Japanese verb '励ます (はげます)' means 'to encourage'. It is used when someone is trying to cheer up or motivate another person, often in situations where the person is feeling down or facing difficulties. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as encouraging a friend, a colleague, or even oneself. For example: I encouraged my friend to keep trying「友達を励まして続けるように言った」(ともだちをはげましてつづけるようにいった). The teacher encouraged the students before the exam「先生は試験前に生徒を励ました」(せんせいはしけんまえにせいとをはげました). It's important to note that this verb often implies emotional support and motivation, rather than just giving advice or instructions.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6121

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lift

Reading

Kanji

持Hold 上Up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '持ち上げる (もちあげる)' means 'to lift' or 'to raise something up'. It is commonly used when physically picking up or elevating an object. For example: He lifted the box「彼は箱を持ち上げた」(かれははこをもちあげた). The crane lifted the heavy load「クレーンが重い荷物を持ち上げた」(クレーンがおもいにものをもちあげた). Additionally, '持ち上げる' can be used metaphorically to describe elevating someone's status or praising them excessively, as in: The media lifted him up as a hero「メディアは彼を英雄として持ち上げた」(メディアはかれをえいゆうとしてもちあげた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6122

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pitiful

Reading

Kanji

気Spirit 毒Poison

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '気の毒 (きのどく)' means 'pitiful' or 'feeling sorry for someone'. It is used to express sympathy or compassion for someone's unfortunate situation. This word often conveys a sense of regret or sadness about another person's hardship. For example: I feel sorry for him「彼が気の毒だ」(かれがきのどくだ). It's a pity that she lost her job「彼女が仕事を失ったのは気の毒だ」(かのじょがしごとをうしなったのはきのどくだ). Note that '気の毒' is often used in situations where the speaker empathizes with someone else's misfortune.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6133

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exactly

Reading

Kanji

正Correct

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '正しく (まさしく)' means 'exactly' or 'precisely'. It is used to emphasize that something is undeniably true or correct. This word often carries a tone of certainty and is used to confirm or assert a statement. For example: That is exactly what I wanted「それは正しく私が欲しかったものだ」(それはまさしくわたしがほしかったものだ). He is precisely the person I was looking for「彼は正しく私が探していた人だ」(かれはまさしくわたしがさがしていたひとだ). Note that '正しく' is often used in formal or emphatic contexts to stress accuracy or correctness.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6136

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hide

Reading

Kanji

潜Lurk, Submerge

Explanation

The Japanese verb '潜む (ひそむ)' means 'to hide' or 'to lurk'. It is often used to describe something or someone that is concealed or not easily visible, either physically or metaphorically. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as describing animals hiding in the wild, people hiding their emotions, or dangers lurking unseen. For example: A snake hides in the grass「蛇が草の中に潜む」(へびがくさのなかにひそむ). Suspicion lurks in his heart「疑いが彼の心に潜む」(うたがいがかれのこころにひそむ). The verb can also imply a sense of secrecy or something being hidden beneath the surface.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6143

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Youthful

Reading

Kanji

若Young

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '若々しい (わかわかしい)' means 'youthful'. It is used to describe someone or something that appears young, fresh, or full of vitality, regardless of their actual age. This word often carries a positive connotation, emphasizing energy and liveliness. For example: She looks very youthful「彼女はとても若々しい」(かのじょはとてもわかわかしい). His attitude is youthful「彼の態度は若々しい」(かれのたいどはわかわかしい). This adjective is commonly used to compliment someone's appearance or demeanor, highlighting their youthful spirit.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6148

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Early

Reading

Kanji

早Early, Fast

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '早め (はやめ)' means 'early' or 'ahead of time'. It is used to indicate that something is done earlier than the usual or expected time. This word is often used to suggest doing something in advance or preparing ahead. For example: Let's leave early「早めに出発しましょう」(はやめにしゅっぱつしましょう). I ate dinner early「早めに夕食を食べた」(はやめにゆうしょくをたべた). The nuance here is that the action is performed with a sense of being proactive or cautious, rather than waiting until the last moment.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6152

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tie, Bond

Reading

Kanji

結Tie, Bind

Explanation

The Japanese noun '結び (むすび)' primarily means 'tie' or 'bond'. It refers to the act of tying something together or the connection between people or things. For example: the tie of friendship「友情の結び」(ゆうじょうのむすび). This word can also be used in the context of traditional Japanese culture, such as the '結び' in Shinto rituals, which symbolizes a spiritual bond. Another example: the knot in the rope is tight「ロープの結びは固い」(ロープのむすびはかたい). Note that '結び' can also refer to the end or conclusion of something, such as the final part of a story or event.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6159

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Result

Reading

Kanji

挙Raise 句Phrase, Paragraph

Explanation

The Japanese noun '挙げ句 (あげく)' refers to the final outcome or result of a situation, often implying that the result is negative or undesirable after a series of events. It is commonly used in the structure '～の挙げ句' to emphasize the culmination of a process. For example: After all that effort, he ended up failing「彼は努力の挙げ句、失敗した」(かれはどりょくのあげく、しっぱいした). After arguing for hours, they broke up「何時間も議論した挙げ句、彼らは別れた」(なんじかんもぎろんしたあげく、かれらはわかれた). This word carries a nuance of inevitability or resignation about the outcome.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6162

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Along

Reading

Kanji

沿Along

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '沿い (そい)' means 'along'. It is used to indicate that something is situated or moving alongside a particular path, route, or boundary. This suffix is often attached to nouns that represent linear features such as roads, rivers, or coastlines. For example: walking along the river「川沿いを歩く」(かわぞいをあるく). The hotel is along the coast「ホテルは海岸沿いにある」(ホテルはかいがんぞいにある). Note that '沿い' is typically used in combination with other nouns to form compound words that describe locations or directions relative to a linear feature.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6169

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oneself

Reading

Kanji

自Self

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '自ら (みずから)' means 'oneself' or 'by oneself'. It emphasizes that the action is done by the person themselves, often implying a sense of personal initiative or responsibility. It can be used in various contexts, such as taking action, making decisions, or performing tasks without relying on others. For example: He himself apologized「彼は自ら謝った」(かれはみずからあやまった). She decided to do it herself「彼女は自らそれをすることに決めた」(かのじょはみずからそれをすることにきめた). The word carries a nuance of self-reliance and personal involvement.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6173

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Request

Reading

Kanji

頼Ask, Trust

Explanation

The Japanese noun '頼み (たのみ)' means 'request'. It refers to an act of asking someone to do something or asking for help. This word is often used in formal or polite contexts, and it carries a sense of dependence or reliance on the person being asked. For example: I have a request「頼みがある」(たのみがある). Please listen to my request「私の頼みを聞いてください」(わたしのたのみをきいてください). The word can also imply a sense of trust or expectation that the request will be fulfilled. It is commonly used in phrases like '頼みごと (たのみごと)' (a favor or request) or '頼みの綱 (たのみのつな)' (a last hope or lifeline).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6185

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reliable

Reading

Kanji

頼Ask, Trust

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '頼もしい (たのもしい)' means 'reliable' or 'dependable'. It is used to describe someone or something that can be trusted or relied upon, often implying strength, capability, or a sense of reassurance. For example: He is a reliable person「彼は頼もしい人だ」(かれはたのもしいひとだ). This team looks dependable「このチームは頼もしい」(このチームはたのもしい). The word can also carry a nuance of admiration or pride, especially when referring to someone who has grown or improved significantly. For instance: My son has become so dependable「息子が頼もしくなった」(むすこがたのもしくなった).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6186

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

State, Condition

Reading

Kanji

有Exist 様Way, Form

Explanation

The Japanese noun '有り様 (ありさま)' refers to the current state, condition, or appearance of something. It often carries a nuance of describing how things are or how they appear in a particular situation, sometimes with a critical or evaluative tone. For example: the state of the room was messy「部屋の有り様は散らかっていた」(へやのありさまはちらかっていた). The condition of the company is dire「会社の有り様は深刻だ」(かいしゃのありさまはしんこくだ). This word is commonly used to describe situations, circumstances, or the overall state of affairs, and it can imply a judgment or observation about how things are.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6188

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pluck, Pinch

Reading

Kanji

摘Pick, Pluck

Explanation

The Japanese verb '摘む (つまむ)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to pinch,' which refers to gripping something small between the thumb and fingers. For example: she pinched the leaf「彼女は葉を摘んだ」(かのじょははをつまんだ). The second meaning is 'to pluck,' which refers to picking or harvesting something, often used in the context of plants or flowers. For example: he plucked a flower「彼は花を摘んだ」(かれははなをつまんだ). The verb is commonly used in everyday situations, such as handling small objects or gathering produce. Note that the nuance of the action depends on the context, but it generally involves a precise, delicate action with the fingers.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6192

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Solidify, Harden

Reading

Kanji

固Hard

Explanation

The Japanese verb '固まる (かたまる)' primarily means 'to harden' or 'to solidify'. It is used to describe the process of something becoming physically solid or firm, such as concrete hardening or jelly setting. It can also be used metaphorically to describe situations or plans becoming fixed or settled. For example: The cement has hardened「セメントが固まった」(セメントがかたまった). Our plans have solidified「私たちの計画が固まった」(わたしたちのけいかくがかたまった). The verb can also imply a sense of stability or becoming unchangeable, as in opinions or relationships solidifying over time.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6201

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discuss

Reading

Kanji

論Theory, Argument

Explanation

The Japanese verb '論じる (ろんじる)' means 'to discuss' or 'to argue' in a formal or logical manner. It is often used in contexts where a topic is being analyzed, debated, or examined in detail, such as in academic, professional, or intellectual settings. For example: The professor discussed the theory「教授はその理論を論じた」(きょうじゅはそのりろんをろんじた). They argued about the future of the economy「彼らは経済の未来について論じた」(かれらはけいざいのみらいについてろんじた). This verb implies a structured or thoughtful approach to discussion, rather than casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6202

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Scarce

Reading

Kanji

乏Scanty, Scarce

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '乏しい (とぼしい)' means 'scarce' or 'lacking'. It is used to describe a situation where something is in short supply or insufficient. This can apply to physical resources, abstract qualities, or even skills. For example: The region has scarce water resources「その地域は水が乏しい」(そのちいきはみずがとぼしい). His knowledge of history is lacking「彼の歴史の知識は乏しい」(かれのれきしのちしきはとぼしい). The word often carries a nuance of insufficiency or deficiency, and it is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6204

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recall

Reading

Kanji

思Think 浮Float

Explanation

The Japanese verb '思い浮かべる (おもいうかべる)' means 'to recall' or 'to bring to mind'. It is used when someone thinks of something or someone, often spontaneously or vividly. This verb is commonly used in contexts where memories, images, or ideas come to mind. For example: I recalled my childhood「私は子供時代を思い浮かべた」(わたしはこどもじだいをおもいうかべた). He recalled her smile「彼は彼女の笑顔を思い浮かべた」(かれはかのじょのえがおをおもいうかべた). The verb can also imply a sense of visualization or imagination, as in '思い浮かべる' often involves picturing something in one's mind.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6211

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tilt

Reading

Kanji

傾Incline, Lean

Explanation

The Japanese verb '傾げる (かしげる)' means 'to tilt' or 'to incline'. It is often used to describe the action of tilting one's head, typically to express confusion, curiosity, or thoughtfulness. For example: She tilted her head in confusion「彼女は首を傾げた」(かのじょはくびをかしげた). The vase tilted and fell「花瓶が傾げて倒れた」(かびんがかしげてたおれた). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe leaning or inclining towards an opinion or idea. For instance: He tilted towards the new proposal「彼は新しい提案に傾げた」(かれはあたらしいていあんにかしげた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6212

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Change

Reading

Kanji

転Revolve

Explanation

The Japanese verb '転ずる (てんずる)' means 'to change' or 'to shift'. It is often used to describe a transformation or transition from one state or condition to another. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as changing one's mind, shifting focus, or altering circumstances. For example: He changed his mind「彼は考えを転じた」(かれはかんがえをてんじた). The situation suddenly shifted「状況が急に転じた」(じょうきょうがきゅうにてんじた). Note that '転ずる' is a somewhat formal or literary verb, and in everyday conversation, simpler verbs like '変える (かえる)' or '変わる (かわる)' are more commonly used.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6229

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting